JP6904711B2 - Ceiling members and ceiling structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to ceiling members and ceiling structures used for suspended ceilings of buildings.

Many buildings, such as office buildings, gymnasiums, pools, and other facilities with large-scale spaces, have a ceiling support at the lower end of the hanging bolts that hang from the upper structure such as the floor slab on the upper floor. Suspended ceilings are widely used in which a ceiling base material is provided in which the field edge is framed in the shape of a girder, and a ceiling member satisfying a predetermined flame retardancy is fixed to the field edge with screws.

By the way, since the suspended ceiling sways violently like a pendulum when an earthquake or the like occurs, irregular force acts on each member of the ceiling structure such as the ceiling base material and the ceiling member to deform the suspended ceiling. Depending on the scale of the earthquake or the like, the joint part of the ceiling structure may come off, which may lead to the ceiling structure falling. For this reason, in order to reduce the damage caused by the fall of the ceiling structure, the ceiling (specified ceiling) specified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism as having the risk of causing serious harm due to dropping out in the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Notification No. 771 of 2013. It is required to meet the technical standards of. For example, by arranging the brace in the space behind the ceiling as in Patent Document 1, it is possible to reduce the shaking of the ceiling surface at the time of an earthquake and improve the earthquake resistance of the suspended ceiling.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-224445

However, in a specific ceiling, it is necessary to meet certain specifications that meet new technical standards, and the suspension bolts must be placed closer to each other than in the conventional structure, or a large number of diagonal members may be installed to cause shaking. It is necessary to suppress it, and by adopting such a technical standard ceiling structure, there are problems that the construction cost increases and the installation space of the attic equipment such as wiring and air conditioning duct is compressed. In addition, it is often not easy to modify an existing ceiling structure that corresponds to a specific ceiling to specifications that meet new technical standards.

In addition, for the ceiling member of the suspended ceiling, in order to suppress and prevent the echo of the room sound, a rock wool sound absorbing board molded into a plate shape using the inorganic fiber rock wool (rock wool) as the main raw material is placed on the indoor surface side. Sound-absorbing gypsum boards with improved sound-absorbing properties are widely used. However, such a sound-absorbing gypsum board is inevitably applicable to a specific ceiling due to the increased weight per unit area due to the structure in which the rock wool sound-absorbing board is superposed on the gypsum board, and the above technical standards can be satisfied. There are some difficulties that are required.

That is, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems inherent in the prior art, and has been proposed to preferably solve the above problems, and provides a ceiling member and a ceiling structure that are lightweight and have excellent sound absorption and heat insulation properties. The purpose is.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the intended purpose, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is:
It is a ceiling member that constitutes the ceiling surface of a building.
A flat ceiling base material formed of resin foam and
A sheet-like member facing one surface of the ceiling base material and
A spacer that supports the sheet-shaped member at a position separated from the ceiling base material is provided.
It is a gist that a plurality of spacers are provided so as to be spaced apart from each other in the extending direction of each side of the ceiling base material, and an air layer is formed between the ceiling base material and the sheet-like member by each spacer. ..
In this way, by providing a plurality of spacers between the ceiling base material formed of the resin foam and the sheet-like member to form an air layer, the weight of the ceiling member can be reduced and the sound absorption and heat insulation properties can be improved. Can be enhanced. Further, since the ceiling member has an air layer, even if the ceiling member falls due to an earthquake or the like, the impact absorption is excellent and the damage caused by the fall can be minimized. Further, when the ceiling member is attached, the operator can use it as a support point for supporting the ceiling member, and it is possible to effectively prevent deformation such as buckling and depression of the sheet-shaped member.

The invention according to claim 2 is
And summarized in that configured to secure the sheet-like member relative to the front kiss pacer.
By forming the air layer via the spacer in this way, it is possible to surely form the air layer having a constant width on the ceiling member.
The invention according to claim 3 is
The sheet-like member is fixed to the spacer adjacent to the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling base material, and the sheet-like member is not fixed to the spacer located on the center side of the ceiling base material. The gist is that it was configured as follows.
By arranging the spacer in the air layer without joining the sheet-shaped member in this way, effective sound absorption can be realized without hindering the membrane vibration of the sheet-shaped member.

The invention according to claim 4 is
A ceiling structure of a building using the ceiling member according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Suspended bolts hung on the superstructure and
And a ceiling base member which is attached to the lower end of the hanging Ri bolt,
It is a gist that the ceiling member is supported by the ceiling base material and is provided so that the sheet-like member faces the indoor surface of the ceiling base material at a position separated from each other.
By forming an air layer between the ceiling base material formed of the resin foam and the sheet-like member in this way, it is possible to improve the sound absorption property and the heat insulating property while realizing the weight reduction of the ceiling member. Further, since the ceiling member has an air layer, even if the ceiling member falls due to an earthquake or the like, the impact absorption is excellent and the damage caused by the fall can be minimized.

The invention according to claim 5 is
The ceiling base material is supported by a holding member that holds the ceiling member against a field edge receiver supported by the hanging bolt.
The holding member is supported by the field edge receiver and has a support plate facing the outer peripheral edge portion on the upper surface side of the ceiling member, and can be connected to the upper holding portion from the lower side. The gist is that the ceiling member is provided with a lower holding portion having a support plate facing the outer peripheral edge portion on the lower surface side of the ceiling member, and the ceiling member is supported by the support plate of the lower holding portion. do.
In this way, by reducing the weight of the ceiling member by using the ceiling base material formed of the resin foam, the ceiling is connected by the lower holding portion connected from the lower side to the upper holding portion supported by the field edge receiver. Even when the structure supports the load of the member, the ceiling member can be stably supported. Further, since the lower holding portion can be connected to the upper holding portion from the indoor side in a state where the ceiling member is placed against the upper holding portion from the indoor side and positioned, the construction efficiency can be improved.

According to the present invention, a ceiling member and a ceiling structure that are lightweight and have excellent sound absorption and heat insulation properties can be obtained.

It is the schematic which shows the ceiling structure provided with the ceiling member which concerns on this invention in the state seen from the back side of the ceiling. It is sectional drawing of the ceiling structure which was broken at the position of line AA of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which holds the ceiling member of an Example by a holding member in the cross section. It is a front view which shows the state which the ceiling member was seen from the surface which faces the indoor side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the attachment process of a sheet-like member with respect to a ceiling base material by a cross section, and (a) shows the process of fitting a fixing member into a superposed surface part of a sheet-like member and a through hole formed in a ceiling base material. (b) shows the process of connecting the fixing member and the spacer, (c) shows the state where the sheet-shaped member is temporarily fixed by the air layer forming portion, and (d) shows the sheet-shaped member being temporarily fixed by the joining means to the ceiling base. The process of fixing to the material is shown. The graph shows the reverberation chamber method sound absorption coefficient, (a) is a graph showing Example 1 of the present invention in the case where sound waves are incident from the ceiling surface side of the sheet-like member in the ceiling member, and (b) is a graph showing. It is a graph which shows the comparative example 1 which concerns on the case where the sound wave is incident only in the state of only the ceiling base material. It is a graph which shows the comparative example 2 which concerns on the case of having made it. The graph shows the reverberation room method sound absorption coefficient, (a) is a graph showing Example 2 of the present invention in the case where sound waves are incident from the exposed surface side of the ceiling base material in the ceiling member, and (b) is a graph diagram showing. It is a graph which shows the comparative example 3 which concerns on the case where the sound wave is incident from the plasterboard side in the ceiling member which superposed the rock wool sound absorbing board on the gypsum board.

Next, the ceiling member 10 and the ceiling structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to suitable examples. The ceiling member 10 and the ceiling structure according to the present invention can be suitably applied to, for example, office buildings, gymnasiums, pools, and buildings of commercial facilities, but are not limited thereto.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ceiling structure 50 according to the present invention includes a hanging bolt 52 suspended from an upper structure (not shown), and ceiling base materials 56, 60 attached to the lower end of the hanging bolt 52. It includes a ceiling member 10 fixed to the ceiling base materials 56 and 60. Here, examples of the superstructure include, but are not limited to, slabs, beams, steel joists, etc. that form the floor or roof of the upper floor, and the suspension bolt 52 is supported in the suspended ceiling structure. It is a conventionally known structure. The superstructure may be horizontal or inclined.

A plurality of the suspension bolts 52 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and the ceiling base materials 56 and 60 are supported via support members 54 attached to the lower end side of each suspension bolt 52. The ceiling base materials 56 and 60 of the embodiment hold a plurality of field edge receivers 56 supported by hanging bolts 52 so as to be parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, and the ceiling member 10 while being supported by the field edge receivers 56. It is composed of a plurality of holding members 60. Here, a plurality of holding members 60 are provided so as to extend in the direction intersecting the field edge receiver 56 and to be parallel in the horizontal direction. That is, the ceiling base materials 56 and 60 are formed by combining the field edge receiver 56 and the holding member 60 in a grid pattern.

The field edge receiver 56 is made of channel steel formed in a U-shaped cross section, and the web of the channel steel forming the field edge receiver 56 stands up and is suspended in a state where a pair of flanges are positioned vertically. It is supported by the bolt 52. The field edge receiver 56 does not have to be a channel steel having a U-shaped cross section, and is a channel steel with a lip having a C-shaped cross section, a square steel having a square cross section, and other conventionally known field edge receivers 56. It is possible to adopt the configuration.

The support member 54 has a first vertical plate portion that abuts and supports the web of the channel steel forming the field edge receiver 56, and a lower side of the channel steel that extends horizontally from the lower end of the first support piece. A bottom plate portion that abuts and supports the flange and a second vertical plate portion that stands up from the extending end of the bottom plate portion and faces the first vertical plate portion with the channel steel sandwiched between them, and both side surfaces of the field edge receiver 56. And is configured to support the underside. The configuration of the support member 54 is not limited to this, and a conventionally known configuration that supports the field edge receiver 56 can be adopted.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the holding member 60 has a lower holding portion 62 that supports the lower surface side (the surface that becomes the indoor side) of the ceiling member 10 and an upper side that connects the lower holding portion 62. A holding portion 70 is provided, and the upper holding portion 70 is supported by the field edge receiver 56, so that the ceiling member 10 forms a ceiling surface. Here, the lower holding portion 62 is connected to a lower support plate 64 formed to have a predetermined width and a connecting plate portion 66 formed at an intermediate position in the width direction of the lower support plate 64 and projecting upward. It is a member formed in an inverted T-shaped cross section including a hook-shaped portion 68 formed at the upper end portion of the plate portion 66. That is, the lower surface of the ceiling member 10 arranged adjacent to each other can be supported on both sides of the connecting plate portion 66 of the lower support plate 64.

The upper holding portion 70 includes an upper supporting plate 72 facing the upper surface of the ceiling member 10, an upper connecting portion 74 formed on the upper surface of the upper supporting plate 72 and to which a field edge receiver 56 is connected, and an upper supporting plate 72. It has a lower connecting portion 76 formed on the lower surface of the above surface and to which the lower holding portion 62 is connected. The upper connecting portion 74 is formed from a pair of upper extending pieces 74a extending upward so as to face each other at positions separated from each other across an intermediate position in the width direction of the upper supporting plate 72, and from the upper end of each upper extending piece 74a. It is provided with a flange-shaped portion 74b extending toward the other upper extending piece 74a, and the upper extending piece 74a and the flange-shaped portion 74b are continuous in the longitudinal direction of the upper holding portion 70 (holding member 60). It is supposed to extend to. That is, the upper connecting portion 74 is formed so as to exhibit a lip groove shape having a C-shaped cross section that opens upward, and the connecting member 58 attached at the intersection position with the holding member 60 in the field edge receiver 56 is placed on the upper portion. The holding member 60 (upper holding portion 70) is connected to the field edge receiver 56 by inserting it into the groove portion of the connecting portion 74.

The lower connecting portion 76 is a pair of lower extending pieces 76a extending downward so as to face each other at positions separated from each other with an intermediate position in the width direction of the upper supporting plate 72, and each lower extending piece 76a. A locking portion 76b that extends from the lower end end toward the other lower extending piece 76a is provided, and the lower extending piece 76a and the locking portion 76b are the lower holding portion 62 (holding member 60). It extends continuously in the longitudinal direction of. The pair of lower extension pieces 76a are configured to form a slit-shaped groove into which the connecting plate portion 66 of the lower holding portion 62 can be inserted from the lower side. Then, the hook-shaped portion 68 of the connecting plate portion 66 inserted from the lower side between the pair of lower extending pieces 76a engages with the locking portion 76b, so that the upper holding portion 70 and the lower holding portion 62 are engaged with each other. It is designed to be connected. Here, in a state where the upper holding portion 70 and the lower holding portion 62 are connected, the distance between the upper and lower support plates 64 and 72 is made to match the thickness of the ceiling member 10, and the ceiling is provided by the support plate 72 of the upper holding portion 70. It can be configured to abut and support the upper surface of the member 10. In this case, the ceiling member 10 is sandwiched from above and below, which has the advantage of improving stability.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the ceiling member 10 includes a flat plate-shaped ceiling base material 12 formed to a predetermined thickness and a flat plate surface (hereinafter, first flat plate surface 12a) of the ceiling base material 12 facing the indoor side. A sheet-like member 16 facing the ceiling base material 12 and an air layer forming portion 24 that supports the sheet-like member 16 at a position separated from the ceiling base material 12 by a predetermined distance are provided, and the ceiling base material 12 and the sheet-like member are provided. It is a substantially rectangular panel-shaped member in which an air layer V is formed between 16 and 16.

The ceiling base material 12 is made of a lightweight resin foam having excellent heat insulating properties, and the weight of the ceiling member 10 is reduced. For example, as the ceiling base material 12, various resin foams such as rigid polyurethane foam, rigid isocyanate foam, and rigid polystyrene foam can be preferably used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, it is preferable to use a ^{resin foam having a density of 20 to 50 kg / m 3} as the resin foam constituting the ceiling base material 12. That is, when the density ^{of the resin foam is less than 20 kg / m 3} , the skeleton-forming portion of the resin foam is small and brittle, and the rigidity required for the ceiling member 10 cannot be maintained. Further, when the density ^{of the resin foam exceeds 50 kg / m 3} , the weight of the resin foam becomes large and it becomes difficult to reduce the weight, and it is highly possible that the resin foam corresponds to a specific ceiling. It also leads to what is required. In addition, the ceiling base material 12 conforms to the "non-combustible material" referred to in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act as a building material, or requires Article 108-2 of the Building Standards Act Enforcement Ordinance (Nos. 1, No. 1). It is preferable to use three materials, "non-combustible material", "quasi-non-combustible material", and "flame-retardant material", which are defined according to the time for satisfying No. 2 and No. 3). Specifically, by conducting an ISO5660-compliant cone calorimeter test, (1) the total calorific value 20 minutes after the start of heating is 8 MJ / m ² or less, and (2) 20 minutes after the start of heating. , There are no cracks or holes that penetrate to the back surface, which is harmful for fire protection, (3) The maximum heat generation rate for 20 minutes after the start of heating does not exceed 10 seconds and continuously exceeds 200 kW / m ² . It is preferable to use a material that is classified as a non-combustible material that meets all the requirements of.

The thickness of the ceiling base material 12 is not particularly limited as long as it is formed to a thickness that can secure the rigidity of the ceiling member 10 while reducing the weight, but it is preferably 5 to 15 mm. be. That is, if the thickness of the ceiling base material 12 is less than 5 mm, it becomes difficult to secure the rigidity of the ceiling member 10, and if the thickness of the ceiling base material 12 exceeds 15 mm, the weight of the ceiling member 10 becomes heavy. It becomes bulky and difficult to reduce the weight, and there is a high possibility that it corresponds to a specific ceiling, which leads to the requirement to meet the above-mentioned technical standards. In the embodiment, the thickness of the ceiling base material 12 is formed to 10 mm.

Further, the cell structure of the resin foam constituting the ceiling base material 12 may have a closed cell structure in which bubbles are independent of each other, rather than an open cell structure in which bubbles (pores) in the foam are communicated with each other. preferable. That is, the heat insulating property can be improved by forming the ceiling base material 12 from the resin foam having a closed cell structure. Further, in the ceiling base material 12 of the embodiment, a coating layer portion (not shown) is formed on each of the surface facing the indoor side and the surface facing the back side of the ceiling, thereby increasing the strength and rigidity of the ceiling base material 12. There is. The coating layer portion may be formed by integrally molding a thin metal material such as aluminum with a resin foam, and the thin metal material is fixed to the molded resin foam by a fixing means such as an adhesive. You may. In the present invention, a ceiling base material 12 suitable for a non-combustible material is adopted in which the entire surface of the hard isocyanurate foam as a resin foam facing the indoor side and the surface facing the back of the ceiling is covered with aluminum foil.

The sheet-shaped member 16 is configured to be able to cover at least the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12. Specifically, the sheet-shaped member 16 is formed of a glass mat obtained by processing glass fiber into a mat shape, a resin sheet formed of a resin such as polyethylene, or a rubber material such as ethylene / propylene rubber, silicon rubber, or urethane rubber. It is possible to use a rubber sheet, a woven cloth, a non-woven fabric, or the like. By adopting a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric as the sheet-shaped member 16, the ceiling member 10 having breathability and excellent sound absorption in a high frequency range can be obtained. Further, the sheet-like member 16 is formed in the form of a thin sheet having flexibility that can be flexed by air vibration. The thickness of the sheet-shaped member 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 to 5 mm. Further, the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12 may be covered with one sheet-shaped member 16, or may be covered with a plurality of sheet-shaped members 16. Further, as the sheet-shaped member 16, it is preferable to use "non-combustible material", "quasi-non-combustible material" and "flame-retardant material" satisfying the above-mentioned flame-retardant criteria as the building material, and in this embodiment, the sheet-shaped member 16 is used. A 1 mm thick glass mat suitable for non-combustible materials is used. As described above, by using a non-combustible material such as a glass mat as the surface material of the ceiling member 10, it becomes suitable as an interior material of a building material.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the sheet-shaped member 16 of the embodiment includes a ceiling surface portion 18 that covers the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12 to form a ceiling surface, and an outer circumference of the ceiling surface portion 18. An outer peripheral surface portion 20 that is provided so as to rise from the portion toward the second flat plate surface 12b of the ceiling base material 12 (a flat plate surface facing the ceiling back side of the ceiling base material 12) and surrounds the outer periphery of the ceiling base material 12, and the outer peripheral surface portion 20. It is provided with a superposed surface portion 22 extending from the end of the surface portion 20 so as to overlap the second flat plate surface 12b of the ceiling base material 12, and the ceiling surface portion 18 is provided at a predetermined interval with respect to the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12. It is fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by the joining means 36 in a state of being separated and facing each other. That is, in the ceiling member 10 of the embodiment, the first flat plate surface 12a side of the ceiling base material 12 is formed in a state where an air layer V having a constant width is formed between the ceiling base material 12 and the ceiling surface portion 18 of the ceiling member 10. It is configured to be wrapped by the sheet-like member 16. Here, the distance between the ceiling base material 12 and the ceiling surface portion 18 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 5 to 15 mm. If the interval is less than 5 mm, the sound absorption and heat insulation properties may decrease, and if it exceeds 15 mm, there is no concern about the decrease in sound absorption and heat insulation properties, but the ceiling member 10 becomes thicker and the ceiling member 10 installation locations may be limited. In the embodiment, the distance between the ceiling base material 12 and the ceiling surface portion 18 is set to 8 mm. The thickness of the ceiling member 10 (distance from the second flat plate surface 12b of the ceiling base material 12 to the ceiling surface portion 18) is not particularly limited, but is formed to 20 mm in the examples.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the air layer forming portion 24 of the embodiment has a spacer 26 arranged on the first flat plate surface 12a side of the ceiling base material 12 and a fixing of the spacer 26 attached to the ceiling base material 12. It is composed of a member 28. Here, the spacer 26 of the embodiment is a cylindrical member having a through hole 26a, and a stepped locking portion 26b is formed on the inner peripheral surface side of the spacer 26. The fixing member 28 has a fitting portion 30 having a through hole 26a and fitting into the fixing holes 13a and 13b formed through the ceiling base material 12, and one end of the fitting portion 30 (of the ceiling base material 12). Through holes from the flange portion 32 extending radially outward from the second flat plate surface 12b side end) and the other end of the fitting portion 30 (the end portion of the ceiling base material 12 on the first flat plate surface 12a side). It is provided with an extension piece 34 extending in the penetrating direction of 26a. The extension piece 34 is formed at a position separated in the radial direction of the through hole 26a at the end portion of the fitting portion 30, and faces the outside of the fitting portion 30 at the extension end portion of each extension piece 34. A locking claw 34a that engages with the locking portion 26b formed on the spacer 26 is formed on the surface. Further, a pair of extension pieces are fitted in the fixing holes 13a and 13b of the ceiling base material 12 and the flange portion 32 is in contact with the second flat plate surface 12b of the ceiling base material 12. 34 is configured to protrude toward the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12. Then, by inserting the pair of extension pieces 34 into the through holes 26a of the spacer 26, each locking claw 34a engages with the locking portion 26b inside the spacer 26, and the first of the ceiling base material 12 The spacer 26 is fixed to the flat plate surface 12a side. Here, the ceiling base material 12 is formed with a plurality of fixing holes 13a and 13b in a matrix formed so as to be separated in a direction along each side. In the following description, the fixing holes adjacent to each side of the ceiling base material 12 are referred to as adjacent fixing holes 13a, and the fixing holes located on the center side of the ceiling base material 12 from the formation position of the adjacent fixing holes 13a are intermediately fixed. It may be distinguished by designating it as the hole 13b. The positions and the number of fixing holes 13a and 13b formed can be appropriately set according to the size of the ceiling base material 12.

Further, the sheet-shaped member 16 is configured such that the overlapping surface portion 22 is located on the second flat plate surface 12b so as to overlap the adjacent fixing holes 13a adjacent to the long side and the short side of the ceiling base material 12. Through holes 18a and 22a are formed at positions corresponding to the adjacent fixing holes 13a in the ceiling surface portion 18 and the polymerization surface portion 22 of the sheet-like member 16, respectively, and the ceiling surface portion 18 and the polymerization surface portion 22 and the air layer are formed. The sheet-like member 16 is fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by the joining means 36 via the through holes 18a, 22a, 26a formed in the forming portion 24 (spacer 26), respectively. In the embodiment, the rivet is used as the joining means 36, but an adhesive can be adopted as the joining means 36, and a conventionally known means known as a means for joining two members such as screws is adopted. Can be done.

Next, the manufacturing method of the ceiling member 10 described above will be described. First, fixing holes (adjacent fixing holes 13a and intermediate fixing holes 13b) are formed in the ceiling base material 12 made of the resin foam by a tool. Then, the fitting portion 30 of the fixing member 28 is inserted into the intermediate fixing hole 13b from the second flat plate surface 12b side of the ceiling base material 12, and the extension piece 34 of the fixing member 28 protruding toward the first flat plate surface 12a side. Is inserted into the through hole 26a of the spacer 26 to attach the spacer 26 to each formation position of the intermediate fixing hole 13b in the ceiling base material 12. Next, the fitting portion 30 of the fixing member 28 inserted into the through hole 22a of the polymerization surface portion 22 of the sheet-shaped member 16 is placed on the second flat plate surface 12b side of the ceiling base material 12 with respect to the adjacent fixing hole 13a of the ceiling base material 12. By inserting the extension piece 34 of the fixing member 28 protruding toward the first flat plate surface 12a into the through hole 26a of the spacer 26, the spacer 26 is inserted at each forming position of the adjacent fixing hole 13a in the ceiling base material 12. To install. As a result, the overlapping surface portion 22 of the sheet-shaped member 16 is sandwiched between the fixing member 28 and the ceiling base material 12, so that the sheet-shaped member 16 can be temporarily fixed to the ceiling base material 12.

In this state, by fixing the ceiling surface portion 18 of the sheet-shaped member 16 to the spacer 26 by the joining means 36, between the sheet-shaped member 16 (ceiling surface portion 18) and the ceiling base material 12 (first flat plate surface 12a). The sheet-like member 16 is stably supported by the ceiling base material 12 with the air layer V formed therein. Specifically, the sheet-like member 16 is fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by the joining means 36 via the ceiling surface portion 18 and the overlapping surface portion 22 and the through holes 18a, 22a, 26a formed in the air layer forming portion 24, respectively. Has been done. At this time, for example, when a blind rivet is used as the joining means 36, the rivet body of the blind rivet is inserted from the ceiling surface portion 18 side of the sheet-shaped member 16 through the through hole 17a of the ceiling surface portion 18 and the air layer forming portion 24 (fixing member). The sheet-like member 16 can be fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by inserting it into the through holes 26a and 28a formed in the spacer 26) and pulling out the mandrel of the blind rivet using a tool such as a riveter. By using the blind rivet as the joining means 36 in this way, the fixing work of the sheet-shaped member 16 can be performed from one side of the ceiling base material 12, and can be efficiently performed.

Then, in the ceiling member 10 of the present invention, a ceiling base material 12 formed of a resin foam is used as a base material, and an air layer V is formed between the ceiling base material 12 and the sheet-like member 16. It can be significantly lighter than ceiling members using gypsum board, which has been widely used in the past. For example, as described above, by adopting a ceiling base material 12 having ^{a density of 20 to 50 kg / m 3} and a thickness of 5 to 15 mm, for example, a unit when the thickness of the ceiling member 10 is about 20 mm. The weight per area can be suppressed to 1 kg / m ^2. That is, by using the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention, it is possible to easily realize a ceiling structure that does not correspond to the "specific ceiling" that is required to satisfy the new technical standard, and the installation space for the attic equipment is sufficient. Can be secured.

Further, an example of the present invention is a case where the sound absorption coefficient measured based on the "method for measuring the sound absorption coefficient by the reverberation chamber method" defined in JIS A 1409 is incident with sound waves from the sheet-like member 16 side of the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention. The case where sound waves are incident on the ceiling base material 12 formed of the same resin foam as in Example 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 6 (a) as Comparative Example 1 and is shown on a gypsum board. FIG. 6 (c) shows a case where sound waves are incident from the rock wool sound absorbing plate side in a conventionally known ceiling member 10 on which rock cotton sound absorbing plates are stacked, as Comparative Example 2. As described above, Example 1 of the present invention is 8 mm with respect to the ceiling base material 12 made of hard isocyanurate foam having a thickness of 10 mm, in which the entire surface facing the indoor side and the surface facing the back of the ceiling are covered with aluminum foil. The sheet-like members 16 (ceiling surface portion 18) made of a glass mat having a thickness of 1 mm are configured to face each other at intervals of. The thickness of the ceiling base material 12 according to Comparative Example 1 is 10 mm, which is the same as the ceiling member 10 of the example of the present invention. Further, the ceiling member 10 according to Comparative Example 2 is a general-purpose structure in which a 9.5 mm gypsum board and a 12.5 mm rock wool sound absorbing board are laminated. Here, the weight per unit area of Example 1 of the present invention was 0.98 kg / m ² , which was lightweight, and the thermal resistance value as heat insulating property was 0.63 m ² · K / W. The weight per unit area of Comparative Example 1 was 0.99 kg / m ² , and the thermal resistance value as heat insulating property was 0.50 m ² · K / W. The weight per unit area of Comparative Example 2 was as heavy as 12 kg / m ^2, and the thermal resistance value as heat insulating property was as ^{low as 0.31 m 2} · K / W.

Further, as is clear from the figure, it can be seen that the sound absorption property can be improved by forming the air layer V between the ceiling base material 12 formed of the resin foam and the sheet-like member 16. In the ceiling base material 12 according to Comparative Example 1, although the sound absorption of the low frequency band (particularly the frequency band in the range of around 500 Hz with a peak of 400 Hz) is improved, it is less than around 250 Hz or exceeds the range of around 1000 Hz. Sound absorption is reduced in the frequency band. On the other hand, the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention can enhance the sound absorption of a low frequency band (particularly a frequency band in the range of 500 to 1000 Hz) that can be perceived by the human ear, and relatively exceeds 1000 Hz. It retains relatively high sound absorption even in the high frequency band, and can realize sound absorption comparable to that of the ceiling member 10 according to the conventional general-purpose Comparative Example 2. In this way, by forming the air layer V between the ceiling base material 12 formed of the resin foam and the sheet-like member 16, the weight of the ceiling member 10 is reduced and the sound absorption and heat insulating properties are improved. be able to. Although the clear principle of improving the sound absorption property is not clear, the sound absorption effect in the low frequency region is enhanced by the film vibration that the sheet-like member 16 vibrates when the sound wave generated on the indoor side is incident on the ceiling member 10. It is considered that the material having a breathability is used to maintain a relatively high sound absorption even in a relatively high frequency band exceeding 1000 Hz.

Further, FIG. 7 shows a case where sound waves are incident from the exposed surface side of the ceiling base material 12 of the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention as Example 2 of the present invention in FIG. 7 (a). FIG. 7 (b) shows a case where sound waves are incident from the gypsum board side in a conventionally known ceiling member 10 on which sound absorbing plates are stacked, as Comparative Example 3. The ceiling member 10 of Comparative Example 3 has the same configuration as that of Comparative Example 2. By forming the air layer V between the ceiling base material 12 formed of the resin foam and the sheet-like member 16 in this way, the sound absorption of the frequency band exceeding 800 Hz can be enhanced. As a result, by providing the ceiling member 10 of the present invention, it is possible to effectively absorb the sound generated in the installation space of the attic equipment and prevent it from leaking to the indoor side. That is, in the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention, each of the sounds generated on the indoor side and the back side of the ceiling can be effectively absorbed by itself.

Further, the ceiling member 10 according to the present invention has excellent shock absorption even when the ceiling member 10 falls due to an earthquake or the like due to the presence of the air layer V, and the damage caused by the fall can be minimized. Then, by forming the air layer V via the spacer 26, it is possible to surely form the air layer V having a constant width on the ceiling member 10. Therefore, it is possible to suppress variations in the sound absorbing property and the heat insulating property of the ceiling member 10.

Further, the spacer 26 attached to the intermediate fixing hole 13b of the ceiling base material 12 is arranged in the air layer V without being joined to the sheet-like member 16. Therefore, effective sound absorption can be realized without hindering the film vibration of the sheet-shaped member 16, and when the ceiling member 10 is attached to the ceiling base material 56, 60, the operator supports the ceiling member 10. It can be used as a point, and deformation such as buckling and depression of the sheet-shaped member 16 can be effectively prevented.

Then, by reducing the weight of the ceiling member 10 by using the ceiling base material 12 formed of the resin foam as in the present invention, the ceiling member 10 is connected from the lower side to the upper holding portion supported by the field edge receiver 56. Even when the ceiling structure is such that the load of the ceiling member 10 is supported by the lower holding portion, the ceiling member 10 can be stably supported without the lower holding portion falling off from the upper holding portion. Further, since the lower holding portion can be connected to the upper holding portion from the indoor side in a state where the ceiling member 10 is placed against the upper holding portion from the indoor side and positioned, the construction efficiency can be improved.

(Change example)
The ceiling member and the ceiling structure according to the present invention are not limited to the embodiments illustrated in the examples, and various modifications can be made. An example of the modification is shown below.
(1) The sheet-shaped member 16 of the embodiment is configured such that the air layer V is surrounded by the sheet-shaped member 16 by the ceiling surface portion 18, the outer peripheral surface portion 20, and the overlapping surface portion 22, but it may be configured to include at least the ceiling surface portion 18. .. That is, the air layer V may be configured to be open in the direction along the first flat plate surface 12a of the ceiling base material 12.
(2) In the air layer forming portion 24 of the embodiment, the spacer 26 is fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by a fixing member 28 fitted into the ceiling base material 12, but the spacer 26 is fixed to the ceiling base material 12 by an adhesive or other means. You may try to do it.
(3) Further, the structure is not limited to the structure in which the air layer forming portion 24 is a separate member from the sheet-shaped member 16, and the air layer forming portion 24 may be formed by the sheet-shaped member 16. For example, when a glass mat having a thickness of about 1 mm is used as the sheet-shaped member 16 as in the embodiment, the outer peripheral surface portion 20 and the overlapping surface portion 22 formed by bending the glass mat can be formed as the air layer forming portion 24. That is, when a member having poor elasticity such as a glass mat is used as the sheet-shaped member 16, the ceiling surface portion 18 is held at a fixed position away from the ceiling base material 12 by fixing the overlapping surface portion 22 to the ceiling base material 12. can do.

10 Ceiling member, 12 Ceiling base material, 16 Sheet-like member, 24 Air layer forming part 26 Spacer, 28 Fixing member, 50 Superstructure 52, Hanging bolt 56 Field edge support (ceiling base material), 60 Holding member (ceiling base) Material)
62 Lower support plate, 64 Lower support plate, 70 Upper holding part, 72 Upper support plate

Claims (5)

It is a ceiling member that constitutes the ceiling surface of a building.
A flat ceiling base material formed of resin foam and
A sheet-like member facing one surface of the ceiling base material and
A spacer that supports the sheet-shaped member at a position separated from the ceiling base material is provided.
A plurality of the spacers are provided so as to be spaced apart from each other in the extending direction of each side of the ceiling base material, and each spacer forms an air layer between the ceiling base material and the sheet-shaped member. Ceiling member. The ceiling member according to claim 1, wherein the sheet-shaped member is fixed to the spacer. The sheet-like member is fixed to the spacer adjacent to the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling base material, and the sheet-like member is not fixed to the spacer located on the center side of the ceiling base material. The ceiling member according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured as described above. A ceiling structure of a building using the ceiling member according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Suspended bolts hung on the superstructure and
And a ceiling base member which is attached to the lower end of the hanging Ri bolt,
The ceiling member is supported by the ceiling base material, and the sheet-shaped member is provided so as to face the indoor surface of the ceiling base material at a position separated from each other.
The ceiling structure is characterized by that. The ceiling base material is supported by a holding member that holds the ceiling member against a field edge receiver supported by the hanging bolt.
The holding member is supported by the field edge receiver and has a support plate facing the outer peripheral edge portion on the upper surface side of the ceiling member, and can be connected to the upper holding portion from the lower side. 4. The fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the ceiling member is provided with a lower holding portion having a support plate facing the outer peripheral edge portion on the lower surface side of the ceiling member, and the ceiling member is supported by the support plate of the lower holding portion. Ceiling structure.

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