JP6904304B2 - Centering ranging device and centering method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a centering distance measuring device and a centering method used for centering a fixed portion and a rotating portion when assembling and installing a water turbine and a generator for hydroelectric power generation.

At the time of construction and overhaul of water turbines and generators of hydroelectric power generation facilities, centering work (centering) between the fixed part and the rotating part is performed. In these turbines and generators, in order to efficiently use the falling water, the gap between the fixed portion and the rotating portion is only a few cm to 1/10 mm. Therefore, centering is an extremely important and careful work so that the rotating portion does not come into contact with the fixed portion by any chance.

In centering, first, work is performed on the fixed portion before incorporating the rotating portion. The fixing part is composed of a plurality of parts such as various bearing parts and a generator stator core, and it is necessary to arrange the parts concentrically. When adjusting the position of each component, a center line (mainly a piano wire) with a weight is hung from the center of the uppermost part of the fixed part as a guideline for the axis center of the rotating part. Then, the distance from the inner surface of each component to the piano wire is measured, and the position of each component is corrected based on the measured value. The measurement of the distance at this time requires high measurement accuracy in units of 1/100 mm.

Conventionally, a contact type inner diameter measuring instrument (inside micrometer) has been used for measuring the distance from the piano wire. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a state in which centering is performed using a piano wire and an inside micrometer. The inside micrometer is used with the rear end side in contact with the inner surface of the fixed portion and the stylus on the front end side close to the piano wire. At this time, the inside micrometer and the piano wire are connected to the + side of the battery on one side and the-side on the other side, and when the stylus comes into contact with the piano wire, a current flows and an electronic sound is emitted from the receiver. It has become. Then, the inside micrometer is repeatedly expanded and contracted, and by distinguishing the electronic sound when it comes into contact with the piano wire, it is determined when the stylus and the piano wire come into contact with each other in the shortest state, and the value (shortest distance) at that time is determined. Have acquired.

JP-A-2015-219105

However, in the centering of the above method, it is necessary for the operator to have experience and skill in order to determine whether or not the stylus and the piano wire are in contact with each other in the shortest state by distinguishing the sounding condition of the electronic sound. ing. Relying on these artificial factors may lead to the occurrence of measurement errors, so the establishment of a more mechanical method is required.

Further, in the centering of the above method, since the contact between the stylus and the piano wire is repeated, the piano wire is shaken and the piano wire has to wait until it comes to rest, and as a result, there is a concern that the working time will be long. ing. In addition, since it is a mechanism to make an electronic sound, it is necessary to form one closed circuit with the inside micrometer and the piano wire, and it is not possible to measure at two or more points at the same time, which also cannot shorten the work time. It is a factor.

In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a centering distance measuring device and a centering method capable of performing centering easily and accurately in a short time.

In order to solve the above problems, a typical configuration of the centering distance measuring device according to the present invention is a centering distance measuring used for centering a fixed portion and a rotating portion when assembling and installing a water turbine for hydroelectric power generation and a generator. It is a device, and is provided at the center line with a weight that hangs inside the fixed part to imitate the axis center of the rotating part, a rod whose one end is applied to the inner surface of the fixed part, and the other end of the rod. It is characterized by including a laser displacement meter that acquires the distance to the center line.

According to the above configuration, by using a laser displacement meter as a stylus, the distance between the stylus and the center line (for example, piano wire) can be obtained without contacting the center line. Therefore, as compared with the conventional method, it is not necessary to distinguish the electronic sound while expanding and contracting the inside micrometer to determine the shortest state, and the center line is not shaken. Further, since it is possible to measure at two or more points at the same time, it is possible to perform simple and accurate centering in a short time with the above configuration. By using a laser displacement meter, the center line can be measured as it is, and it is not necessary to attach a receiving or receiving component to the center line.

The rod may include a rod-shaped inner diameter measuring instrument. If it is a rod-shaped inner diameter measuring instrument (inside micrometer), it can be expanded and contracted, and efficient measurement becomes possible.

The centering ranging device may further include a jig including a leg that is connected to a rod and is applied to the inner surface of the fixed portion at a position different from one end in the horizontal direction. According to this jig, the posture of the rod can be stabilized to prevent its misalignment, the measurement accuracy can be improved, and the measurement time can be shortened.

The centering distance measuring device may further include a computer that calculates and displays a correction amount of the position of the fixed portion based on the distance to the center line. This configuration enables efficient centering.

A typical configuration of the centering method according to the present invention is a centering method used for centering a fixed portion and a rotating portion when assembling and installing a water turbine and a generator for hydroelectric power generation, and imitates the axis center of the rotating portion. Then, a center line with a weight is hung inside the fixed part, and a rod with a laser displacement meter at the tip is used to reach the center line from two or more points on the inner surface of the fixed part that are separated in the horizontal direction. It is characterized in that the distance is acquired and the position of the fixed portion is corrected based on the distance to the center line.

The components corresponding to the technical idea in the centering distance measuring device and the description thereof can be applied to the centering method. Therefore, even in the centering method, as compared with the conventional method, it is not necessary to distinguish the electronic sound while expanding and contracting the inside micrometer to determine the shortest state, and the center line is not shaken. Further, since it is possible to measure at two or more points at the same time, it is possible to perform simple and accurate centering in a short time with the above configuration.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a centering distance measuring device and a centering method capable of performing centering easily and accurately in a short time.

It is the figure which showed schematicly the water turbine generator of a hydroelectric power generation facility. It is a figure which showed the state of the centering with respect to the fixed part of a water turbine generator. It is a figure which showed each component of the centering distance measuring apparatus. It is a figure which showed the centering method using the centering distance measuring device.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in such an embodiment are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are designated by the same reference numerals to omit duplicate description, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not shown. To do.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a water turbine generator of a hydroelectric power generation facility. Hereinafter, the structure of the water turbine generator 102, which is the object of centering, will be described prior to the description of the centering distance measuring device 100 (see FIG. 4) and the centering method.

The water turbine generator 102 has a water turbine 106 connected by a spindle 104, a generator composed of a generator rotor 108 and a generator stator 109, and rotates the water turbine 106 by the power of water from a dam or the like. Let it generate electricity. Water flows into the skeleton 110 through a penstock (not shown), rotates the turbine 106, and then is discharged to the suction pipe 112. The spindle 104 is supported by bearings at various places. For example, the upper and lower bearings of the generator rotor 108 are supported by the upper bearing 114 and the lower bearing 116, and the turbine rotor 108 is supported by the turbine bearing 118 in the vicinity of the turbine 106. Above the generator rotor 108, an exciting power feeding unit (not shown), a rotation speed detecting unit, and the like are also provided.

In the present embodiment, among the elements of the turbine generator 102, the rotating elements such as the turbine 106, the spindle 104, and the generator rotor 108 are collectively referred to as the rotating portion 102A. Further, fixed and non-moving elements such as the skeleton 110, the generator stator 109, and various bearings are collectively referred to as the fixing portion 102B. The centering described below is performed when the water turbine generator 102 is assembled and installed, in order to center the fixed portion 102B composed of a plurality of elements, that is, to arrange the elements concentrically.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state of centering of the water turbine generator 102 with respect to the fixed portion 102B. The centering distance measuring device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a piano wire 120 as a center line imitating the center of the fixed portion 102B. A weight 122 is connected to the lower end of the piano wire 120, and the piano wire 120 is hung from a pedestal 124 provided at the uppermost portion of the fixed portion 102B so as to pass through a center point inside the fixed portion 102B. Each element of the fixed portion 102B, such as the removable water wheel bearing 118 and the lower bearing 116, is positioned based on the distance from the piano wire 120. A measurement unit 126 (see FIG. 3A) unique to the present application, which will be described below, is used to measure the distance between each element and the piano wire 120. As the center line, a metal wire such as the piano wire 120 can be preferably used, but any material can be used as long as it is a linear member as long as the center of the rotating portion 102A can be simulated.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing each component of the centering ranging device 100. FIG. 3A shows an overview of the measuring unit 126 and the computer 128. The measuring unit 126 is a device that measures the distance from the inner surface of the fixed portion 102B (see FIG. 2) to the piano wire 120. The computer 128 displays measurement data obtained from the measurement unit 126 and performs various calculations.

The measuring unit 126 includes an inside micrometer 130 and a laser displacement meter 132 which is a stylus. The inside micrometer 130 is a rod-shaped measuring instrument generally used for measuring the inner diameter of a structure, and is originally used by applying one end 130a and the other end 130b to the inside of the structure. However, in the present embodiment, the inside micrometer 130 is used by attaching a laser displacement meter 132 to the other end 130b, while one end 130a touches the inner surface of the fixed portion 102B (see FIG. 2). That is, in the centering ranging device 100, the inside micrometer 130 is used not as an original measuring instrument but as a "rod" that extends the laser displacement meter 132 from the fixed portion 102B toward the piano wire 120.

As the rod, in addition to the inside micrometer 130, for example, a metal or resin pipe material can be used as long as it is rod-shaped and has no deflection. However, the inside micrometer 130 can be expanded and contracted by turning the grip portion 134, and its length can be accurately known. It can also be made longer by adding parts. As described above, since the inside micrometer 130 is expandable and can be used as it is in the fixed portion 102B (see FIG. 2) having a different inner diameter, efficient measurement can be performed.

The laser displacement meter 132 is a sensor that non-contactly detects the amount of displacement of an object by utilizing the reflection of laser light. In this embodiment, the laser displacement meter 132 is attached to the other end 130b of the inside micrometer 130 via the bracket 136 to acquire the distance to the piano wire 120 (see FIG. 2). By using the laser displacement meter, the piano wire 120 can be measured as it is, and it is not necessary to attach a receiving or receiving component to the piano wire 120.

The computer 128 is composed of a display unit 138, an operation unit 140, a calculation unit (not shown) and the like including a CPU and the like. The computer 128 receives the measured value of the distance to the piano wire 120 (see FIG. 2) acquired by the measuring unit 126, and calculates and displays the correction amount of the position of the fixed portion 102B that has been measured.

FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a jig 142 that supports the measurement unit 126. The jig 142 includes a base 144 and one or more legs 146. The base 144 is connected to one end 130a side of the inside micrometer 130. The base portion 144 extends in a direction intersecting the inside micrometer 130, and attachment portions 148 for the leg portion 146 are provided at various locations. The leg portion 146 is attached to the attachment portion 148 of the base portion 144 and is applied to the inner surface of the fixing portion 102B (see FIG. 2) at a position different in the horizontal direction from one end 130a of the inside micrometer 130. The jig 142 having these configurations makes it possible to stabilize the posture of the inside micrometer 130, prevent its misalignment, and improve its measurement accuracy.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a centering method using the centering distance measuring device 100. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a state of implementation of the centering method. In the centering method, first, a piano wire 120 with a weight is hung inside the fixed portion 102B, imitating the axis center of the rotating portion 102A (see FIG. 1). Then, one end 130a of the measurement unit 126 is applied to the inner surface of, for example, the upper bearing 114 of the fixing portion 102B (the same applies to the lower bearing 116, the turbine bearing 118, the skeleton 110, the generator stator 109, etc.), and the other end. The laser displacement meter 132 on the 130b side is extended toward the piano wire 120 and irradiated with a laser beam for measurement.

To measure the distance to the piano wire 120, the laser displacement meter 132 on the other end 130b side is swung in the vertical direction along the piano wire 120 while one end 130a is in contact with the upper bearing 114, and a plurality of measured values are acquired. Of the plurality of measured values thus obtained, the smallest value is the shortest distance to the piano wire 120 at the measurement point (contact point at one end 130a). At this time, since the leg portion 146 is also applied to the inner surface of the upper bearing 114, the inside micrometer 130 can be smoothly swung only in the vertical direction without swinging in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 4B shows the state of the display unit 138 of the computer 128 during the implementation of the centering method. The measurement of the distance to the piano wire 120 (see FIG. 4A) by the measuring unit 126 is performed with respect to one element of the fixed portion 102B (upper bearing 114, turbine bearing 118 (see FIG. 2), etc.) on the inner surface of the inner surface. Perform at two or more points (4 points in the figure) separated from each other in the direction. As a result, the positional relationship between the element and the piano wire 120 in the horizontal direction can be calculated, and the result is displayed on the display unit 138. At the same time, the display unit 138 also displays the amount of correction of the position of the element with respect to the piano wire 120.

The display unit 138 is set to display only the smallest value (that is, the shortest distance) among the values acquired while swinging the above-mentioned laser displacement meter 132 in the vertical direction as the measured values at each measurement point. Is also possible. This enables a concise and easy-to-read display.

A series of centering with respect to the fixed portion 102B (see FIG. 2) is first performed on the immovable skeleton 110, and the position of the piano wire 120 itself is corrected based on the measurement result. As a result, the piano wire 120 is positioned at the center of the skeleton 110, and after that, the removable elements such as the upper bearing 114, the generator stator 109, the lower bearing 116, and the turbine bearing 118 are centered with reference to the piano wire 120. By performing the above, the entire elements of the fixed portion 102B can be arranged concentrically.

According to the centering distance measuring device 100 and the centering method of the present embodiment described above, since the non-contact laser displacement meter 132 is used as the stylus, the inside micrometer is expanded and contracted as compared with the conventional method. Since it is not necessary to distinguish the electronic sound and determine the shortest state, it is less dependent on the skill and experience of the worker, and more mechanical and accurate centering becomes possible.

Further, since the measuring unit 126 is not brought into contact with the piano wire 120, it is not necessary to wait until the piano wire 120 stops shaking, and the work can be performed in a short time. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional method, it is necessary to perform measurement at each location in order to form a closed circuit between the measuring instrument and the piano wire 120, but in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to form a closed circuit. It is also possible to use the measurement unit 126 at two or more locations at the same time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to perform simple and accurate centering in a shorter time than in the conventional method.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modifications or modifications within the scope of the claims, which naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

The present invention can be used as a centering distance measuring device and a centering method used for centering a fixed portion and a rotating portion when assembling and installing a water turbine and a generator for hydroelectric power generation.

100 ... Centering ranging device, 102 ... Water turbine generator, 102A ... Rotating part, 102B ... Fixed part, 104 ... Spindle, 106 ... Water turbine, 108 ... Generator rotor, 109 ... Generator stator, 110 ... Frame, 112 ... Suction pipe, 114 ... Upper bearing, 116 ... Lower bearing, 118 ... Water wheel bearing, 120 ... Piano wire, 122 ... Weight, 124 ... Stand, 126 ... Measuring unit, 128 ... Computer, 130 ... Inside micrometer, 130a ... One end, 130b ... the other end, 132 ... laser displacement meter, 134 ... grip part, 136 ... bracket, 138 ... display part, 140 ... operation part, 142 ... jig, 144 ... base part, 146 ... leg part, 148 ... mounting part

Claims (3)

A centering distance measuring device used for centering the fixed part and the rotating part when assembling and installing a water turbine and a generator for hydroelectric power generation.
A center line with a weight hanging inside the fixed portion, imitating the axial center of the rotating portion, and
A rod whose one end is in contact with the inner surface of the fixed portion,
A laser displacement meter provided at the other end of the rod to acquire the distance to the center line,
A jig including a leg portion connected to the rod and applied to the inner surface of the fixing portion at a position different from one end of the rod in the horizontal direction is provided.
Centering distance measuring apparatus legs of the jig and the one end of said rod is characterized that you contact the inner surface of the fixing portion at two points spaced in the horizontal direction. The centering distance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the rod includes a rod-shaped inner diameter measuring device. It is a centering method used for centering the fixed part and the rotating part when assembling and installing a water turbine and a generator for hydroelectric power generation.
A center line with a weight is hung inside the fixed portion to imitate the axial center of the rotating portion.
A jig including a rod provided with a laser displacement meter at the tip and one end of which is applied to the inner surface of the fixed portion, and a leg which is connected to the rod and is applied to the inner surface of the fixed portion at a position different from the one end in the horizontal direction. And, on the inner surface of the fixing portion, one end of the rod and the leg portion of the jig are brought into contact with two points horizontally separated from each other on the inner surface of the fixing portion, and the rod is vertically oriented. To obtain the distance from the inner surface of the fixed portion to the center line by shaking
A centering method characterized in that the position of the fixed portion is corrected based on the distance from the inner surface of the fixed portion to the center line.

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