JP6903840B2 - Hollow block joint device and joint member used for the device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a joint device for a hollow block having a hollow portion inside a block body made of a hexahedron and having an opening through the hollow portion and the outside of the block body on all or a part of the six faces, and a joint used for the device. It relates to a member.

There is a concrete hollow block having a hollow part inside a block body made of a cube and having a circular opening through the hollow part and the outside of the block body on all or a part of all six sides, which is called POKARA. It is distributed under the product name. Hollow blocks such as Pokhara have the advantage of having a porosity of over 80% and being light, while they can also be filled with soil or concrete when weight is required. Is.

This type of hollow block is disclosed in JP-A-11-5205 and JP-A-11-105024, and the joint is disclosed by JP-A-11-36314. Since the joint itself is composed of a large block made of concrete and is interposed between the hollow blocks, the porosity of the entire structure is further increased to, for example, about 84%, which is also one technical technique. It becomes a feature. However, since such a joint block has a structure in which the upper and lower four hollow blocks are fitted into the abutting portions of the corners and joined to each other, the cost from the material cost to the construction cost is high and economical. It is also pointed out that the sex is not good.

Further, the structure in which the joint blocks are fitted into the abutting portions of the corners of the four upper and lower hollow blocks and joined to each other appears as a problem when bearing the load of the hollow blocks. That is, the load, earth pressure, and water pressure of the adjacent block applied to the hollow block as external force are applied to the corners together with the load of the joint block, so it is important to keep the four joint blocks horizontal and vertical. When it occurs, bending stress appears in the beam portion between the corner portions. For this reason, problems such as causing damage to the hollow block may occur. However, in a hollow block such as Pokhara, the joint block also contributes to the large porosity, and it has not been recognized that the above problem may occur.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-5205 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-105024 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-36314

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hollow block joint device in which bending stress at a beam portion between corners is hardly a problem even when a hollow block as described above is used. That is. Another object of the present invention is to provide an economical hollow block joint device in which the cost from the material cost to the construction cost is lower in the construction using the hollow block.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a hollow block having a hollow portion inside a block body made of a hexahedron, and having an opening through the hollow portion and the outside of the block body on all or a part of the six faces. The joint device has a joint means provided at a corner of the block body and a bolt for pulling and fastening the block bodies at the joint means in order to connect the hollow block in the XYZ direction. It has a bearing plate that receives an external force applied to the block body as an axial force when connecting adjacent block bodies in any of the XYZ directions, and a joint member that transmits the fastening force by bolts to the block body. In addition, a means is taken that an operation port is provided at a corner of the block body for bolt operation.

The hollow block targeted by the present invention is a hollow block made of concrete such as Pokhara (trade name) mentioned in the background art, and is therefore common to JP-A-11-5205 and JP-A-11-105024. It can be thought of as a hollow block having a basic configuration. When the hollow block is Pokhara (trade name), the hollow portion and the opening through the outside of the block body are circular and have all or a part of the six surfaces. Therefore, also in the case of the present invention, a closed wall surface can be formed without providing an opening on a part of the six surfaces of the block body, but the opening is not limited to a circular shape. When the block body is a regular hexahedron, the hollow portion is formed as a spherical shape having the same center or a cylindrical shape crossing the XYZ directions.

Since the bearing plate receives and supports the external force applied to the block body as an axial force, it is required to be made of a rigid body. A rigid member suitable for a bearing plate is a sheet-like member made of hard plastic, iron alloy or other metal that is not easily deformed. Further, such a bearing plate is generally arranged on the axis passing through the minimum cross-sectional area portion of the hollow block column portion. Then, the pressure bearing plate is attached to and fixed to the block body using an adhesive or double-sided tape.

At a position near the corner where stress is not generated in the block body due to the fastening force of the bolt, there is a bolt hole through which the bolt connecting the hollow block is passed, and the part having the bolt hole and the minimum disconnection of the hollow block pillar portion. It is also a desirable form that the bearing plate is arranged on the axis passing through the area portion. This is because the bolt fastening force can be transmitted as an axial force even at a position slightly away from the corner of the block body where the joint means is provided, as long as the block body is not deformed. The position near the corner where stress is not generated in the block body is determined by using, for example, the finite element method, but can be said to be an arbitrary position in the region where stress can be ignored. As a result, even if an external force acts on the block body, the block body is not deformed.

Such a connection at a position slightly away from the corner portion is necessary and effective as a joint means in the Y direction when the corner portion has, for example, a joint means in the XZ direction. Then, in this case, the bearing plate may be arranged at the portion having the bolt hole and the portion of the joint means at the corner of the block body. Therefore, the minimum cross-sectional area portion is located on the upper pillar portion in the form of the hollow block, and the joint means is located on the axis thereof.

In the device of the present invention, the bolt is a means for pulling and connecting the adjacent hollow blocks, and the fastening force, the load and other external forces by the bolt are applied to the pillar portion of the hollow block in the XYZ direction by the bearing plate of the joint means. It is transmitted to (and the beam) as an axial force. The joint means has a bolt insertion hole that connects adjacent hollow blocks to each other through either one or two directions in the XYZ directions, and the operation port provided in the hollow block for bolt operation in the insertion hole is a hollow block. It has in the corner of.

The joint member includes a joint piece I having a bolt hole leading to a hollow block adjacent in either two directions in the XYZ direction, and a joint piece II having a bolt hole leading to a hollow block adjacent in any one direction in the XYZ direction. It would be nice if there were two types. In this case, the hollow block includes either of the above two types of joint pieces I or joint pieces II.

The joint piece I or the joint piece II is provided integrally with a flat piece portion extending in any direction in the XYZ direction and having a bolt hole in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the joint piece, and is the same as the single part. A form having an extension piece extending in the direction is also suitable. The joint piece and the extension side increase the contact area with the concrete constituting the hollow block.

Further, the joint piece II is combined with a bearing plate located on the opposite side of the bolt insertion hole and receiving the fastening force of the bolt in order to pull and connect the adjacent hollow blocks in any one of the XYZ directions. Is done. In this case, if the bolt is in the XY direction, its position is located slightly away from the corner of the hollow block.

Further, the present invention is provided integrally with the tube at an intersecting angle formed by a tube located at the inner end of the bolt hole and the inclined surface of the bolt hole shaft and the opening, and the inclined shape is provided. Includes a joint member used in a hollow block joint device composed of a plate and a plate that comes into surface contact with the surface of the bolt. When the opening of the inclined surface is circular, the inclination angle can be determined by taking the tangent line of the arcuate surface. Since this joint member comes into surface contact with the opening, external force can be suitably transmitted, and since it can be formed as a single metal fitting, it is very effective in manufacturing, storage, and use.

Since the present invention is configured as described above and acts to reliably receive and support an external force as an axial load, even if a hollow block is used, the bending stress in the beam portion between the corners is hardly a problem. It has the effect of being able to provide a joint device for the above. Further, according to the present invention, the connecting means of the hollow block is only a bolt and the one provided in the block body, and a large joint block is not required. Therefore, in the construction using the hollow block, the material cost is changed to the construction cost. It is possible to provide a hollow block joint device having a lower cost and economical efficiency.

An example 1 of a hollow block used in a hollow block joint device according to the present invention is shown, where A is a perspective view and B is a cross-sectional view showing enlarged corners. It relates to the block of Example 1, where A is a front view and B is a cross-sectional view along the IIB-IIB line. A connection state in the XZ direction by the hollow block joint device according to the present invention is shown, where A is a perspective view and B is a cross-sectional view. A connection state in the XY direction by the hollow block joint device according to the present invention is shown, where A is a perspective view and B is a cross-sectional view. Similarly, Example 2 of the hollow block used in the hollow block joint device according to the present invention is shown, where A is a perspective view and B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VB-VB of FIG. 6B. Regarding the block of Example 2, A is a front view, and B is a cross-sectional view taken along the VIB-VIB line of FIG. 6A. It is a perspective view which shows the example 3 of the hollow block also used for the joint device of the hollow block by this invention. Regarding the block of Example 3, A is a plan view, B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIIB-VIIIB of FIG. 8A, C is a right side view, and D is a rear view. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the water-stopping means which fills between the foundation concrete of the construction area outer shell by cast-in-place, and a hollow block. It is a perspective explanatory view which shows an example of the storage tank constructed by the joint device of the hollow block by this invention. It is also a perspective explanatory view which shows an example of the self-supporting retaining wall constructed by the joint device of the hollow block according to this invention.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. Example 1 of the hollow block shown in FIG. 1 is used for the joint device according to the present invention, and the block main body 10 is made of a regular hexahedron (cube) and has a hollow portion 11 inside. The block body 10 of Example 1 is a block having a hollow portion 11 and a circular opening 12 passing through the outside of the block body 10 on all six surfaces. The block body 10 is a regular hexahedron, and the hollow portion is formed as a cylindrical crossed shape in the XYZ directions. The opening is indicated by reference numeral 12, but when the position is particularly indicated, f is used for the front surface, r for the right side surface, l for the left side surface, b for the back surface, t for the upper surface, and s for the lower surface. ..

As a joint means provided at the corner of the block body 10 in order to connect the hollow blocks in the XYZ direction, the external force applied to the block body when connecting the adjacent block bodies in any direction in the XYZ direction is used as an axis. A bearing plate P that receives and supports as a force is used (Fig. 3). The bearing plate P is made of a sheet-like rigid body member using hard plastic, iron alloy or other metal, which has a certain thickness and whose deformation can be ignored, and generally covers the minimum cross-sectional area of the hollow block column. It is placed on the axis through which it passes.

Having a constant thickness of the bearing plate P is a condition required to prevent an external force from being applied to the beam portion (column portion of the hollow block) due to direct contact between the block bodies. Such a bearing plate P is attached to and fixed to the block body 10 using, for example, an adhesive or double-sided tape.

The hollow block shown as Example 1 has joint members I15 having bolt holes 13X and 13Z leading to the hollow blocks adjacent to each other in two directions of XZ at the four corners of the front surface and the back surface (see FIG. 1B). The joint member I15 has joint pieces 14X and 14Z bent in two directions of orthogonal XZ and extension pieces 16X and 16Z extending in the same direction as the surfaces of the joint pieces 14X and 14Z (FIG. 3A).

The joint pieces 14X and 14Z are flake-shaped portions having a size substantially overlapping with the minimum cross-sectional area portion 17 of the hollow block column portion (see FIGS. 1B and 3A), and the center of the bolt holes 13X and 13Z is the minimum cut. It almost coincides with the central axis of the area portion 17. The minimum cross-sectional area portion 17 is at the midpoint of the ridgeline of the joint member I15. The joint member I15 is formed of a metal member such as a rust-preventive iron alloy, and the joint pieces 14X and 14Z and the rod-shaped extension pieces 16X and 16Z are welded together to form an integral piece.

The block body 10 has bolt insertion ports 18X and 18Z as joint means for attracting and connecting adjacent hollow blocks in two directions of XZ, and is formed into the hollow block for bolt operation at the bolt insertion ports 18X and 18Z. The provided operation ports 19 are provided at the corners of the hollow block, that is, at the four corners of the front surface and the back surface (FIGS. 1 and 2). As a result, a configuration for connecting the hollow blocks in the XZ direction is established.

Further, the present apparatus includes a joint means for connecting the hollow blocks in the X direction or the Y direction. As a joint means, in the hollow block, unidirectional bolt holes 21X and 21Y through which bolts 28 connecting the hollow blocks in one direction pass are provided with a gap between the corner portion of the block body 10 and the minimum cross-sectional area portion 17 so as not to conflict with each other. (See FIGS. 3B and 4B). The bolt holes 21X and 21Y are located near the corners where stress is not generated in the block body due to the fastening force of the bolts. Although the same reference numerals 28 are used for the bolts, it is natural that any kind of bolts can be used depending on the purpose and application.

The joint means includes a joint member II23X having a tube 22X communicating with a hollow block adjacent in one direction of XY, and a joint member II23Y having a tube 22Y communicating with a hollow block adjacent in another direction of XY. Has been done. Further, the connection is combined with a bearing plate P'located on the opposite side of the tubes 22X and 22Y and receiving the fastening force of the bolt 28 inserted into the bolt holes 24X and 24Y (see FIG. 4).

The joint member II has a tube 22X at an intersection angle formed by the tubes 22X and 22Y located at the inner ends of the bolt holes 21X and 21Y and the arcuate surface 12a of the bolt hole shaft and the circular opening 12. , 22Y, and the plates 25X and 25Y that are integrally provided with the arcuate surface 12a and are in surface contact with the arcuate surface 12a. As for the angle of intersection with the axis, the arcuate surface 12a (inclination) can be represented by a tangent line at the inner end of the bolt holes 21X and 21Y (FIG. 5). Since the plates 25X and 25Y are in surface contact with the circular opening, external force is suitably transmitted and can be formed as a single metal fitting, which is very effective in manufacturing, storage, and use. Further, as for the form, a circular shape, an elliptical shape or other shape can be selected in addition to the rectangular shape according to the shape and structure of the construction site.

The bearing plate P'has a constant thickness like the bearing plate P provided at the corner, and is a sheet-like rigid body made of hard plastic, iron alloy or other metal whose deformation can be ignored. It consists of members. Since the bolt holes 21X and 21Y are located near the corners where stress is not generated in the block body due to the bolt fastening force, even if the fastening force by the bolt and nut is applied to the inner part, the fastening force is the corner. It is transmitted as an axial force to the bearing plate P of the portion. In this way, in the present invention, the external force is supported as an axial load.

Since both the joint members II23X and 23Y are arranged on the curved surface of the opening 12 opened in the block body 10 in the tubes 22X and 22Y, the fastening operation with bolts and nuts is easy. As described above, the configuration for connecting the hollow blocks required for the hollow block joint device according to the present invention in the XY directions is established. In addition, in order to define the positional relationship between adjacent hollow blocks in the hollow block, a positioning means including a dowel hole 26 formed on the outer surface of the hollow block and a dowel 27 fitted in the dowel hole 26 is also provided. Provided as needed.

The hollow block used in the joint device according to the present invention may have a hollow portion and a circular opening through the outside of the block body on all or a part of all six surfaces. Therefore, a part of the six surfaces of the block body 10 of Example 1 does not have to have an opening, and a hollow block having a closed wall surface can be formed. Therefore, an example thereof is shown below. 5 and 6 are the hollow blocks of Example 2 in which the back surface is closed, and the block main body 20 is made of a regular hexahedron and has a hollow portion 11 inside thereof, which is the same as that of Example 1.

Therefore, in the case of Example 2 and the following, reference numerals are used for the configuration common to Example 1, and the detailed description is not repeated (Example 2 is an example of the block body 20 with one-sided blockage, and the blockage portion does not stop in the case shown in the figure. Absent.). An auxiliary reference numeral is attached to the opening 12 for convenience of explanation, but in the case of Example 2, 12b indicating the opening on the back surface is closed and does not exist. Since the hollow block of Example 2 becomes a wall 29 whose back surface is closed (see FIG. 6B), if the hollow block is arranged so that the back surface is the outer surface, a structure closed to the outside can be constructed.

As can be better understood by FIG. 6, which shows the front surface and the cross section of the hollow block of Example 2, since only one surface of the block body 20 is closed, it is suitable for constructing a wall surface part such as a reservoir or a liquid storage tank. Suitable. For example, FIG. 11 shows that the outer circumference excluding the corners is surrounded by the wall 29 on the back surface of the hollow block of Example 2, which plays an important role in constructing a storage tank.

Next, the hollow block of Example 3 in which the back surface and the left side surface are closed is shown with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. Since the hollow block of Example 3 is the block body 30 whose two surfaces are closed, it can be used as a block that occupies a corner of a structure such as the storage tank. In the block body 20 with one-sided blockage and the block body 30 with two-sided blockage, a part of the joint means can be omitted. This is because all of them are closed walls, and there is no part corresponding to a beam to be bent by the tightening force of bolts and nuts.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the hollow block of Example 3, operation ports 19 are provided on the front right side, the back right side, and the left side of the block body 30 (Note that Example 3 is a two-sided block body. Since this is an example, the blocked portion is not limited to the above.) As for Example 3, reference numerals are used for the configurations common to those of Example 1, and detailed description will not be repeated, but the configurations other than the two-sided occlusion are the same as those of Examples 1 and 2.

Therefore, in the block main body 30 of Example 3, the hollow portion and the outside are communicated with each other on the front surface, the right side surface, and the upper and lower four surfaces, and the closed walls 29 and 31 are formed on the back surface and the left side surface (see FIG. 8B). .. The block bodies 20 and 30 of Examples 2 and 3 having the closed surface described above are mainly intended to be used as a wall surrounding the structure in a horizontal plane (XY plane), but are limited thereto. It is also possible to provide a wall for the opening 12 on the upper surface, the lower surface or the other surface.

In the hollow block joint device configured as described above, the hollow blocks can be arranged in the front-rear direction, left-right, or up-down direction, and in the arranged state, the adjacent hollow blocks can be attracted and connected to each other. That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, the bolt 28 is inserted into the joint member I15 of the block body 10 located at the lower right from the operation port 19 of the block body 10 located at the lower left, and fastened with the nut 32. , Pull and connect. At that time, the external force is transmitted between the lower right block main body 10 and the lower left block main body 10 by the bearing plate P of the lower left block main body 10.

Similarly, in connecting the two upper and lower hollow blocks, in FIG. 3A, in the portion of the bearing plate P of the block body 10 located at the lower left, a bolt 28 is inserted from the operation port 19 of the block body 10 located at the lower left. Fastening is done using the nut 32. In this way, three hollow blocks arranged in the XZ direction, left and right, and upper and lower, can be connected (see FIG. 3B).

Further, in order to connect the horizontally adjacent hollow blocks, for example, the bolt 28 is inserted from the tube 22Y of the block body 10 located on the right side toward the bolt hole 21Y of the block body 10 on the left side, and fastened using the nut 32. can do. Similarly, for the hollow blocks adjacent to the front and rear, the bolts 28 are inserted from the bolt insertion port 21X of the block body 10 located on the front side toward the insertion port 21X of the block body 10 on the rear side, and fastened using the nut 32. , Pull and connect. In this case, the bolt 28 and the nut 32 are handled in the opening 12, respectively.

Further, FIG. 9 shows an assembly drawing in the XYZ direction. In this example, the block 20 with one-sided blockage and the block 30 with two-sided blockage are used in combination, and are applied to corners of a storage tank, which will be described later, for example. Reference numeral 35 in the figure indicates the water blocking means 35, and in the case of this embodiment, water-expandable rubber is used.

FIG. 10 is the above-mentioned storage tank, which is an example of a structure constructed by using the hollow block joint device according to the present invention. The structure of Example 1 is constructed on a pre-constructed foundation 33 so that the plane shape is in the shape of a paddy field, and the block main body 30 of Example 3 is arranged in two upper and lower stages at the four outer corners. Between them, the block main body 20 of Example 2, which is the peripheral wall of the structure, is similarly arranged in two upper and lower stages. Further, the block body 10 of Example 1 is arranged in a portion corresponding to a cross in the shape of a rice field.

In the storage tank as shown in FIG. 10, the entire circumference of the tank is surrounded by the block main body 20 and the block main body 30, and the layer structure thereof is reinforced by the inner cross-shaped structure. Further, since the block bodies 10, 20, and 30 have a high porosity, the amount of storage can be maintained at about 80% according to the conventional results, which is almost the same as the porosity of Pokhara alone. Moreover, since a large joint block is unnecessary, the load is greatly reduced. Such a storage tank can be installed underground or above ground. The water-stopping means 35 is required between the hollow blocks and between the hollow blocks and the cast-in-place foundation concrete and the hollow blocks. In that case, water-expandable rubber or the like is filled in between.

FIG. 11 is an example 2 of a structure constructed by using the hollow block joint device according to the present invention, and shows a self-supporting retaining wall. The structure of Example 2 is pre-constructed and has a stepped foundation 34, and the block body 10 of Example 1 is stacked on the stairs, and the front wall excluding the second step from the bottom is the block body 20 of Example 2. I'm building. Due to this structure, the opening 12 at the second stage from the bottom is maintained in a structure that allows water to pass through. In the structure constructed in this way, the whole is formed by the combination with the foundation and the wall surface of the boundary, which are constructed of cast-in-place concrete.

In the case of the joint device of the present invention, the external force applied to the block main body can be supported as an axial force by the bearing plate in all the connections between the block main bodies 10, and the external force applied to the bearing plate at the fastening portion is compressed. Only. In this joint device, the block bodies are pulled together by bolts and connected to form a structure, but since the external force is converted from the surface load to the axial load and transmitted as the axial force, buckling does not theoretically occur. , Rigid body structure becomes possible

P, P'Pressure plate 10, 20, 30 Block body 11 Hollow part 12 Circular opening 13X, 13Z Bolt hole 14X, 14Z Joint piece 15 Joint member I
16X, 16Z Extension piece 17 Minimum cross-sectional area 18X, 18Z Bolt hole 19 Operation port 21X, 21Y Bolt hole 22X, 22Y Tube 23X, 23Y Joint member II
24X, 24Y Bolt Hole 25X, 25Y Plate 26 Dowel Hole 27 Dowel 28 Bolt 29, 31 Wall,
32 nuts 33, 34 foundation

Claims (5)

It has a hollow part inside the block body made of a hexahedron, has an opening through the hollow part and the outside of the block body on all or a part of the six sides, and at a corner of the block body for bolt operation. A hollow block joint device with an operation port.
In order to connect the hollow blocks in the XYZ direction, it has a joint means provided at a corner of the block body and a bolt for pulling and fastening the block bodies to each other at the joint means.
The joint means transmits to the block body a bearing plate that receives an external force applied to the block body as an axial force when connecting adjacent block bodies in any direction of the XYZ direction, and a bolt fastening force. Has a joint member to
In order to connect the hollow block in the XZ direction in any of the XYZ directions, the joint member includes two joint pieces bent in two orthogonal XZ directions.
Two extension pieces extending in the same direction as the respective surfaces of the above two joint pieces,
Each of the two joint pieces has a bolt hole leading to the hollow block.
A hollow block joint device that connects by inserting the bolt from the operation port of the block body. The hollow block joint device according to claim 1, wherein the bearing plate is made of a rigid body and is arranged on an axis that generally passes through a minimum cross-sectional area portion of the hollow block column portion. At a position near the corner where stress is not generated in the block body due to the fastening force of the bolt, there is a bolt hole through which the bolt connecting the hollow block is passed, and the part having the bolt hole and the minimum disconnection of the hollow block pillar portion. The hollow block joint device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bearing plate is arranged on an axis passing through an area portion. It has a hollow part inside the block body made of a hexahedron, has a circular opening for bolt operation through the hollow part and the outside of the block body, and has bolt holes on all or part of the six sides. It is a hollow block joint device that has
In order to connect the hollow blocks in the XYZ direction, it has a joint means provided at a corner of the block body and a bolt for pulling and fastening the block bodies to each other at the joint means.
The joint means transmits to the block body a bearing plate that receives an external force applied to the block body as an axial force when connecting adjacent block bodies in any direction of the XYZ direction, and a bolt fastening force. Has a joint member to
The above joint member
In any of the XYZ directions, in order to connect the hollow block in the XY direction, the tube located at the inner end of the bolt hole and the arcuate surface of the bolt hole shaft and the opening are formed. It is provided integrally with the tube at the crossing angle to be formed, and is composed of a plate that is in surface contact with the arcuate surface.
A hollow block joint device that operates bolts in the circular opening. The hollow block joint device according to claim 4, wherein the bearing plate is made of a rigid body and is arranged on an axis that generally passes through a minimum cross-sectional area portion of the hollow block pillar portion.

Images