JP6900149B2 - Carbon composite material - Google Patents
Carbon composite material Download PDFInfo
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- JP6900149B2 JP6900149B2 JP2016041915A JP2016041915A JP6900149B2 JP 6900149 B2 JP6900149 B2 JP 6900149B2 JP 2016041915 A JP2016041915 A JP 2016041915A JP 2016041915 A JP2016041915 A JP 2016041915A JP 6900149 B2 JP6900149 B2 JP 6900149B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 130
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 130
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 98
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G29/00—Compounds of bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G5/00—Compounds of silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C24/00—Alloys based on an alkali or an alkaline earth metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、炭素複合材料に関する。
The present invention relates to carbon composite materials .
炭素と金属とを含む複合材料は、良好な導電性や伝熱性、耐久性などの特性を有しているため、電池や回路遮断装置用の電気接点材料や、パンタグラフのすり板用の摺動集電材料など、さまざまな用途に用いられている。 Composite materials containing carbon and metal have properties such as good conductivity, heat transfer, and durability, so they are used as electrical contact materials for batteries and circuit breakers, and sliding for pantograph slides. It is used for various purposes such as current collecting materials.
従来、炭素と金属とを含む複合材料を製造する方法として、例えば、炭素、バインダーおよび金属を混練、粉砕した後、その粉砕物を成形して成形体を作製し、その成形体を１３００℃以上で熱処理する方法（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、ケイ素またはスズのフッ化物錯体を含む反応溶液中に、孔径１０ｎｍ以下の細孔を有する炭素材料を浸漬させ、その炭素材料に、一酸化ケイ素、二酸化ケイ素、一酸化スズおよび二酸化スズよりなる群から選ばれる１種以上の半金属酸化物を担持させる方法（例えば、特許文献２参照）がある。 Conventionally, as a method for producing a composite material containing carbon and metal, for example, carbon, a binder and a metal are kneaded and crushed, and then the crushed product is molded to produce a molded product, and the molded product is heated at 1300 ° C. or higher. A carbon material having pores having a pore size of 10 nm or less is immersed in a reaction solution containing a fluoride complex of silicon or tin, and the carbon material is dipped in silicon monoxide. , A method of supporting one or more semi-metal oxides selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, tin monoxide and tin dioxide (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
なお、本発明者等により、表面または全体に微小気孔を有する金属部材を製造することができる、いわゆる金属溶湯脱成分法が開発されている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。 In addition, the present inventor and the like have developed a so-called metal molten metal decomponentation method capable of producing a metal member having micropores on the surface or the entire surface (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
特許文献１に記載の炭素複合材料の製造方法では、１３００℃以上の高温で熱処理する必要があり、製造コストが嵩むという課題があった。また、特許文献２に記載の炭素複合材料の製造方法では、あらかじめ細孔を有する炭素材料を製造または購入しておく必要があり、材料費が嵩むという課題があった。 The method for producing a carbon composite material described in Patent Document 1 requires heat treatment at a high temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher, which causes a problem that the production cost increases. Further, in the method for producing a carbon composite material described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to produce or purchase a carbon material having pores in advance, and there is a problem that the material cost increases.
本発明は、このような課題に着目してなされたもので、製造コストを低減することができる炭素複合材料を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a carbon composite material that can be reduced and the manufacturing cost.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、炭素を含む化合物、合金または非平衡合金から成る炭素含有材料を、この炭素含有材料の融点よりも低い凝固点を有し、前記炭素含有材料から前記炭素以外の他の主成分が減少して前記炭素に至るまでの組成変動範囲内における液相線温度の最小値よりも低い温度に制御された溶融金属に接触させることにより、前記他の主成分を選択的に全て前記溶融金属に溶出させて微小間隙を形成するとともに、前記微小間隙に前記溶融金属を浸入させる脱成分工程と、前記微小間隙に前記溶融金属が存在する状態で冷却して、その溶融金属を固化する冷却工程とを有し、前記脱成分工程は、真空雰囲気中で行われる、または、前記溶融金属にフラックスを添加して大気中で行われることを特徴とする。
To achieve the above object, a manufacturing method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention, a compound containing carbon, the carbon-containing material consisting of alloy or non-equilibrium alloy has a lower freezing point than the melting point of the carbon-containing material In contact with the molten metal controlled to a temperature lower than the minimum value of the liquidus temperature within the composition fluctuation range from the carbon-containing material to the carbon in which other main components other than the carbon are reduced. As a result, all of the other main components are selectively eluted into the molten metal to form a microgap, and the decomponentation step of infiltrating the molten metal into the microgap and the molten metal present in the microgap. It has a cooling step of cooling in a state of being solidified and solidifying the molten metal, and the decomponentization step is performed in a vacuum atmosphere or is performed in the atmosphere by adding a flux to the molten metal. It is characterized by.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、脱成分工程で、炭素含有材料から炭素以外の他の主成分を選択的に溶融金属に溶出させることにより、残存した炭素同士が結合を繰り返し、ナノメートル寸法を有する粒子を形成する。さらに、これらの粒子が部分的に結合するため、メソ孔（径２ｎｍ〜６０ｎｍ）やマクロ孔（径６０ｎｍ以上）などの微小間隙を有する多孔質でバルク状の炭素部材を得ることができる。この状態で溶融金属に接触させておくと、炭素部材の微小間隙に溶融金属を浸入させることができる。微小間隙に溶融金属が存在する状態で、冷却工程により冷却して溶融金属を固化することにより、炭素と固化した溶融金属の成分とが複合した炭素複合材料を得ることができる。
Method of producing a carbon composite material related to the present invention is a de-components step, by eluting from a carbon-containing material to selectively molten metal other main component other than carbon, remaining carbon each other repeatedly bond, nano Form particles with metric dimensions. Further, since these particles are partially bonded, a porous and bulk carbon member having minute gaps such as mesopores (diameter 2 nm to 60 nm) and macropores (diameter 60 nm or more) can be obtained. When the molten metal is brought into contact with the molten metal in this state, the molten metal can be infiltrated into the minute gaps of the carbon member. By cooling the molten metal in a cooling step and solidifying the molten metal in a state where the molten metal is present in the minute gaps, a carbon composite material in which carbon and the solidified molten metal component are composited can be obtained.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、いわゆる金属溶湯脱成分法を利用した、これまでにない全く新しい炭素複合材料の製造方法である。本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、溶融金属の温度制御のみで、比較的容易かつ低コストで炭素複合材料を製造することができる。なお、本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、溶融金属の温度や、炭素含有材料と溶融金属との接触時間、炭素含有材料内の炭素成分比を変化させることによって、製造される炭素複合材料の炭素および固化した溶融金属の成分のサイズや、複合状態を変化させることができる。
Method of producing a carbon composite material related to the present invention, utilizing a so-called molten metal removal component method, it is quite manufacturing method of a new carbon composite unprecedented. Method of producing a carbon composite material related to the present invention, only the temperature control of the molten metal, it is possible to produce a carbon composite material in a relatively easy and low cost. The manufacturing method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention, the temperature and the molten metal, contact time with the carbon-containing material with molten metal, by changing the carbon component ratio in the carbon-containing material, carbon composite produced It is possible to change the size and composite state of the carbon and solidified molten metal components of the material.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法は、脱成分工程において、炭素含有材料の炭素以外の他の主成分を溶融金属に溶出可能であれば、いかなる方法で炭素含有材料を溶融金属に接触させてもよい。例えば、前記脱成分工程は、前記炭素含有材料を前記溶融金属から成る金属浴に浸すことにより、前記他の主成分を選択的に前記金属浴内に溶出させてもよい。また、前記炭素含有材料の融点よりも低い凝固点を有する固体金属を、あらかじめ前記炭素含有材料に接触するよう配置しておく前処理工程を有し、前記脱成分工程は、前記固体金属を加熱して前記溶融金属にすることにより、前記他の主成分を選択的に前記溶融金属に溶出させてもよい。
Method of producing a carbon composite material related to the present invention, in the de component step, elution if the other main component other than carbon in the molten metal of the carbon-containing material, the carbon-containing material is brought into contact with the molten metal in any way You may. For example, in the decomponentization step, the other main components may be selectively eluted into the metal bath by immersing the carbon-containing material in a metal bath made of the molten metal. Further, it has a pretreatment step of arranging a solid metal having a freezing point lower than the melting point of the carbon-containing material in advance so as to come into contact with the carbon-containing material, and the decomponentization step heats the solid metal. The other main component may be selectively eluted into the molten metal by forming the molten metal.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法で、冷却工程は、多孔質の炭素部材と溶融金属とを接触させた状態のまま冷却してもよい。溶融金属が金属浴から成る場合には、多孔質の炭素部材を金属浴に浸した状態のまま冷却してもよい。この場合、炭素部材の微小間隙に、固化した溶融金属（金属浴）の成分が詰まった状態の炭素複合材料を得ることができる。炭素複合材料の周辺の溶融金属（金属浴）のみが固化した部分は、必要に応じて取り除けばよい。
In the production method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention, the cooling step may be cooled in the state contacting the carbon porous member and the molten metal. When the molten metal consists of a metal bath, the porous carbon member may be cooled while being immersed in the metal bath. In this case, it is possible to obtain a carbon composite material in a state in which the components of the solidified molten metal (metal bath) are clogged in the minute gaps of the carbon member. The portion where only the molten metal (metal bath) around the carbon composite material is solidified may be removed as necessary.
また、本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法で、冷却工程は、多孔質の炭素部材を溶融金属から離した後、微小間隙に溶融金属が存在する状態で冷却してもよい。溶融金属が金属浴から成る場合には、多孔質の炭素部材を金属浴から引き上げた後、冷却してもよい。
Further, in the method of producing a carbon composite material related to the present invention, the cooling step, after releasing the carbon porous member from molten metal may be cooled in a state in which there is molten metal in the minute gap. When the molten metal consists of a metal bath, the porous carbon member may be pulled out of the metal bath and then cooled.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法で、前記溶融金属は、Ａｇ，Ｂｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｇａ，Ｇｅ，Ｈｇ，Ｉｎ，Ｉｒ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ，Ｓｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ、または、これらのうちの少なくとも一つを主成分とする合金である混和体から成り、前記他の主成分は、Ａｌ，Ｂ，Ｂｅ，Ｃａ，Ｃｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｄｙ，Ｅｒ，Ｅｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｇｄ，Ｈｆ，Ｈｏ，Ｋ，Ｌａ，Ｌｉ，Ｌｕ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｍｏ，Ｎａ，Ｎｂ，Ｎｄ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｃ，Ｓｅ，Ｓｉ，Ｓｍ，Ｓｒ，Ｔａ，Ｔｉ，Ｖ，Ｗ，Ｚｒのいずれか一つ、もしくは、その複数を含む混和体から成ることが好ましい。この場合、特に効率的に炭素複合材料を得ることができる。
In the production method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention, the molten metal, Ag, Bi, Cu, Ga , Ge, Hg, In, Ir, Pb, Pt, Rh, Sb, Sn, Zn , or of these The other main components are Al, B, Be, Ca, Ce, Cr, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Gd, Hf, Ho, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Pr, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sr, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zr, or any one of them. It is preferably composed of an admixture containing a plurality. In this case, the carbon composite material can be obtained particularly efficiently.
本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法で、前記脱成分工程は、真空雰囲気中で行われる、または、前記溶融金属にフラックスを添加して大気中で行われるため、溶融金属が酸化するのを防ぐことができる。
In the production method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention, the de-component process is carried out in a vacuum atmosphere, or, to be done by the addition of a flux in the air into the molten metal, that the molten metal is oxidized Can be prevented.
本発明に係る炭素複合材料は、ナノメートル寸法を有する炭素粒子が部分的に結合された、微小間隙を有する多孔質でバルク状の炭素部材と、前記炭素部材の前記微小間隙に存在するＡｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｇａ，Ｇｅ，Ｈｇ，Ｉｎ，Ｉｒ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ，Ｓｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ、または、これらのうちの少なくとも一つを主成分とする合金とを含むことを特徴とする。特に、炭素部材と、Ａｇ，ＣｕまたはＺｎとを含むことが好ましい。
The carbon composite material according to the present invention includes a porous and bulky carbon member having microgaps in which carbon particles having nanometer dimensions are partially bonded, and Ag, which is present in the microgaps of the carbon member. C u, Ga, Ge, Hg , in, Ir, Pb, Pt, Rh, Sb, Sn, Zn , or characterized by comprising a superalloy according to at least one major component of these. In particular, it is preferable to contain a carbon member and Ag, Cu or Zn.
本発明に係る炭素複合材料は、特に、本発明に関する炭素複合材料の製造方法により製造されることが好ましい。本発明に係る炭素複合材料は、炭素と共に複合化された成分の性質により、さまざまな用途に使用することができる。例えば、ＣとＡｇとの複合材料は、電気接点材料として、ＣとＣｕとの複合材料は、摺動集電材料や電気接点材料として好適に使用することができる。
Carbon composite material according to the present invention is particularly preferably produced by the production method of a carbon composite material related to the present invention. The carbon composite material according to the present invention can be used for various purposes due to the properties of the components composited with carbon. For example, the composite material of C and Ag can be suitably used as an electrical contact material, and the composite material of C and Cu can be suitably used as a sliding current collector material or an electrical contact material.
本発明によれば、製造コストを低減することができる炭素複合材料を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbon composite material that can be reduced and the manufacturing cost.
以下、実施例を挙げながら、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法は、前駆体の炭素含有材料に対して、脱成分工程、冷却工程を行い、本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料を製造することができる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
In the method for producing a carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon-containing material of the precursor is subjected to a decomponentization step and a cooling step to produce the carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention. ..
本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法では、まず、炭素含有材料として、炭素と炭素以外の他の主成分とを含む化合物、合金または非平衡合金から成る前駆体を作製する。例えば、図１に示すＭｎ−Ｃ系状態図を参考にして、炭素以外の他の成分をＭｎとした、Ｍｎ−Ｃ系の前駆合金を作製する。なお、Ｍｎやその合金の溶融体は一般に酸化しやすいため、溶製の際は、アルゴン等の不活性雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。 In the method for producing a carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, as a carbon-containing material, a precursor composed of a compound containing carbon and a main component other than carbon, an alloy, or a non-equilibrium alloy is prepared. For example, with reference to the Mn—C phase diagram shown in FIG. 1, an Mn—C precursor alloy having Mn as a component other than carbon is produced. Since the melt of Mn and its alloy is generally easily oxidized, it is preferable to carry out the melting in an inert atmosphere such as argon.
次に、図２に示すように、作製された前駆体の炭素含有材料１１を、反応性を向上させるために粉末状またはシート状にし、その炭素含有材料１１の融点よりも低い凝固点を有する金属浴１２の内部に、所定の時間浸漬する。このとき、金属浴１２を、炭素含有材料１１から炭素以外の他の主成分が減少して炭素に至るまでの組成変動範囲内における液相線温度の最小値よりも低い温度に制御する。例えば、炭素含有材料１１としてＭｎ−Ｃ系の前駆合金を使用した場合には、図１に示す状態図から、金属浴１２を、Ｍｎが減少してＣに至るまでの組成変動範囲内における液相線温度の最小値１２３１℃よりも低い温度に制御する。なお、金属浴１２としてＢｉ溶湯を使用した場合、６００℃以下では反応が起こりにくいため、金属浴１２を６００℃以上にすることが好ましい。
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the carbon-containing
金属浴１２に浸漬する時間は、金属浴１２や前駆体の炭素含有材料１１の成分により様々であるが、例えば、金属浴１２としてＢｉ溶湯やＡｇ溶湯を用い、炭素含有材料１１としてＭｎ−Ｃ系前駆体を浸漬した場合には、約５〜１０分程度である。また、例えば、金属浴１２としてＢｉ溶湯を用い、炭素含有材料１１としてＭｎ−Ｃ系前駆体を浸漬した場合には、密度差により、粉末状のＭｎ−Ｃ系前駆体が溶湯表面に浮かぶため、浸漬している間は、棒などで前駆体と溶湯とを撹拌することが好ましい。また、Ｂｉやその合金の溶融体は一般に酸化しやすいため、金属浴１２としてこれを用いた脱成分行程は、アルゴン等の不活性雰囲気中や真空雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。
The time of immersion in the
金属浴１２に浸漬することにより、炭素含有材料１１から炭素以外の他の主成分（例えば、Ｍｎ）を選択的に金属浴１２の内部に溶出させることができる。これにより、金属浴１２の内部に残存した炭素同士が結合を繰り返し、ナノメートル寸法を有する粒子を形成する。さらに、これらの粒子が部分的に結合するため、メソ孔（径２ｎｍ〜６０ｎｍ）やマクロ孔（径６０ｎｍ以上）などの微小間隙を有する多孔質でバルク状の炭素部材を得ることができる。この状態で金属浴１２に浸漬させておくと、炭素部材の微小間隙に金属浴１２の成分を浸入させることができる。微小間隙に金属浴１２の成分が存在する状態で、冷却して金属浴１２の成分を固化することにより、炭素と固化した金属浴１２の成分とが複合した炭素複合材料を得ることができる。
By immersing in the
なお、冷却する際には、多孔質の炭素部材を金属浴１２に浸した状態のまま冷却してもよく、多孔質の炭素部材を金属浴１２から引き上げた後、冷却してもよい。金属浴１２に浸した状態のまま冷却した場合、炭素部材の微小間隙に、固化した金属浴１２の成分が詰まった状態の炭素複合材料を得ることができる。炭素複合材料の周辺の金属浴１２のみが固化した部分は、必要に応じて取り除けばよい。
When cooling, the porous carbon member may be cooled while being immersed in the
炭素含有材料１１として、粒径２０〜４０μｍのＭｎＣ（Ｍｎ：Ｃ＝８５：１５原子％）を用いた。また、金属浴１２として、９００℃のＢｉ溶湯を用いた。まず、純度９９．９９％のＢｉ（和光純薬工業株式会社製） ３００ｇを、黒鉛製るつぼに充てんし、その黒鉛製るつぼを高周波溶解炉（大亜真空株式会社製「ＶＭＦ−Ｉ−Ｉ０．５特型」）の内部のコイルに挿入した。高周波溶解炉の内部を約５×１０−３Ｐａに減圧した後、アルゴンガスを流入させて炉内圧力を約８０ｋＰａまで高め、加熱を行った。
As the carbon-containing
９００℃まで加熱してＢｉを溶解した後、炭素含有材料１１のＭｎＣ ３０ｇを、Ｂｉ金属浴１２に投入した。金属浴１２の内部に１５分間保持した後、放冷し、ＣとＢｉとが複合した炭素複合材料を得た。こうして得られた炭素複合材料の顕微鏡写真を、図３に示す。図３に示すように、粒径２０〜４０μｍの炭素複合材料がＢｉ中に得られていることが確認された。
After heating to 900 ° C. to dissolve Bi, 30 g of MnC of the carbon-containing
炭素含有材料１１として、粒径２０〜４０μｍのＭｎＣ（Ｍｎ：Ｃ＝８５：１５原子％）を用いた。また、金属浴１２として、１１００℃のＡｇ溶湯を用いた。まず、純度９９．９９％のＡｇ（石福金属興業株式会社） ３００ｇを、黒鉛製るつぼに充てんし、その黒鉛製るつぼを高周波溶解炉（大亜真空株式会社製「ＶＭＦ−Ｉ−Ｉ０．５特型」）の内部のコイルに挿入した。高周波溶解炉の内部を約５×１０−３Ｐａに減圧した後、アルゴンガスを流入させて炉内圧力を約８０ｋＰａまで高め、加熱を行った。
As the carbon-containing
１１００℃まで加熱してＡｇを溶解した後、炭素含有材料１１のＭｎＣ １０ｇを、Ａｇ金属浴１２に投入した。金属浴１２の内部に１５分間保持した後、放冷し、ＣとＡｇとが複合した炭素複合材料を得た。
After heating to 1100 ° C. to dissolve Ag, 10 g of MnC of the carbon-containing
このように、本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法によれば、いわゆる金属溶湯脱成分法を利用した、これまでにない全く新しい方法で炭素複合材料を製造することができる。本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法は、溶融金属の温度制御のみで、比較的容易かつ低コストで炭素複合材料を製造することができる。 As described above, according to the method for producing a carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon composite material can be produced by a completely new method utilizing the so-called molten metal decomponentation method. The method for producing a carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention can produce a carbon composite material relatively easily and at low cost only by controlling the temperature of the molten metal.
なお、本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法は、炭素含有材料を金属浴に浸す方法に限らず、炭素含有材料の融点よりも低い凝固点を有する固体金属を、あらかじめ炭素含有材料に接触するよう配置しておき、その固体金属を加熱して溶融金属にすることにより、他の主成分を選択的に溶融金属に溶出させてもよい。この場合、形成された炭素部材の微小間隙に溶融金属の成分が存在する状態で冷却することにより、炭素と固化した溶融金属の成分とが複合した炭素複合材料を得ることができる。 The method for producing the carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the method of immersing the carbon-containing material in a metal bath, and a solid metal having a freezing point lower than the melting point of the carbon-containing material is previously used as the carbon-containing material. Other main components may be selectively eluted into the molten metal by arranging them in contact with each other and heating the solid metal to form a molten metal. In this case, by cooling in a state where the molten metal component is present in the minute gaps of the formed carbon member, a carbon composite material in which carbon and the solidified molten metal component are composited can be obtained.
また、本発明の実施の形態の炭素複合材料の製造方法で、金属浴１２は、Ｂｉに限らず、Ａｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｇａ，Ｇｅ，Ｈｇ，Ｉｎ，Ｉｒ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ，Ｓｂ，ＳｎまたはＺｎであっても、これらのうちの少なくとも一つを主成分とする合金である混和体から成っていてもよい。また、前駆体の炭素含有材料１１の、炭素以外の他の主成分は、Ｍｎに限らず、Ａｌ，Ｂ，Ｂｅ，Ｃａ，Ｃｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｄｙ，Ｅｒ，Ｅｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｇｄ，Ｈｆ，Ｈｏ，Ｋ，Ｌａ，Ｌｉ，Ｌｕ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｏ，Ｎａ，Ｎｂ，Ｎｄ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｃ，Ｓｅ，Ｓｉ，Ｓｍ，Ｓｒ，Ｔａ，Ｔｉ，Ｖ，Ｗ，Ｚｒのいずれか一つ、もしくは、その複数を含む混和体から成っていてもよい。
Further, in the method for producing a carbon composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention, the
例えば、代表的な炭素含有材料（カーバイド）１１について脱成分工程に適した金属浴（溶湯）１２を検討すると、表１のようになると考えられる。表１は、それぞれの２次元状態図に基づいて検討したものである。 For example, when a metal bath (molten metal) 12 suitable for the component removal step is examined for a typical carbon-containing material (carbide) 11, it is considered that Table 1 is obtained. Table 1 is an examination based on each two-dimensional phase diagram.
１１ 炭素含有材料
１２ 金属浴
１３ 炭素部材
11 Carbon-containing
Claims (2)
前記炭素部材の前記微小間隙に存在するＡｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｇａ，Ｇｅ，Ｈｇ，Ｉｎ，Ｉｒ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ，Ｓｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ、または、これらのうちの少なくとも一つを成分とする合金とを
含むことを特徴とする炭素複合材料。 A porous, bulky carbon member with microgaps, partially bonded with nanometer-sized carbon particles,
Ag, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hg, In, Ir, Pb, Pt, Rh, Sb, Sn, Zn, or an alloy containing at least one of these, which is present in the minute gaps of the carbon member. A carbon composite material characterized by containing and.
前記炭素部材の前記微小間隙に存在するＡｇ，ＣｕまたはＺｎとを
含むことを特徴とする炭素複合材料。
A porous, bulky carbon member with microgaps, partially bonded with nanometer-sized carbon particles,
A carbon composite material containing Ag, Cu or Zn present in the minute gaps of the carbon member.
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| US16/078,173 US20190062872A1 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-12-07 | Method for producing carbon composite material and carbon composite material |
| KR1020187021741A KR20180118617A (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-12-07 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIAL |
| EP16892722.6A EP3425073A4 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-12-07 | Method for producing carbon composite material, and carbon composite material |
| PCT/JP2016/086358 WO2017149887A1 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-12-07 | Method for producing carbon composite material, and carbon composite material |
| CN201680080770.9A CN108603248B (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-12-07 | Method for producing carbon composite material, and carbon composite material |
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