JP6896230B2 - Mixing chamber - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a mixing chamber that is used, for example, in a dialysis circuit or the like to mix blood and fluid replacement.

Conventionally, there is a case where a replacement fluid such as physiological saline is added to the blood taken out of the patient's body during treatment and returned to the body. For example, in hemodiafiltration, blood is filtered by a dialyzer on a blood flow path provided outside the body of the patient, and dialysate or the like is added to the blood as a replacement fluid and returned to the patient.

By the way, when adding a replacement fluid on the blood flow path, it is common to connect the replacement fluid flow path to the upper wall of the mixing chamber and drop the replacement fluid from above onto the blood layer to mix it with blood.

However, when the replacement fluid is dropped from above the mixing chamber onto the blood layer, there is a problem that stable mixing of blood and replacement fluid is difficult to achieve.

The present invention has been made in the background of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mixing chamber having a novel structure for mixing blood and replacement fluid on a blood flow path outside the body.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the blood inlet and the replacement fluid inlet are both opened on the inner surface of the tubular peripheral wall in a direction deviated from the central axis of the peripheral wall to generate fluid flow in the circumferential direction. The blood inlet and the replacement fluid inlet are provided at the same height in the direction of the central axis of the peripheral wall, and through the fluid replacement inlet. The opening direction of the inflow port of the replacement fluid, which is the inflow direction of the replacement fluid, is directed upward with respect to the opening direction of the inflow port of the blood, which is the inflow direction of blood through the inflow port of the blood. It is a thing.

In the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, good miscibility can be exhibited by mixing the blood and the replacement fluid while flowing in the circumferential direction in the chamber. In addition, since the inflow direction of the replacement fluid is upward from the inflow direction of the blood, the blood flowing in from the inflow port of the blood tends to flow downward with respect to the replacement fluid flowing in from the inflow port of the replacement fluid. , A layer with a thick blood layer is unlikely to occur in the upper layer, and good mixing can be exhibited while reducing the risk of thrombus formation. Further, in this embodiment, since the inflow ports of blood and replacement fluid are set to the same height, the substantial capacity and flow length can be secured as compared with the case where the inflow ports are separated from each other in the vertical direction. It is also possible to reduce the chamber size in the vertical direction.

A second aspect of the present invention is the mixing chamber according to the first aspect, wherein the opening direction of the inflow port of the replacement fluid is in the range of 45 to +45 degrees, with the upward direction as a plus and the downward direction as a minus. It is set in.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, the opening direction of the inflow port of the replacement fluid is set within a specific range with respect to the horizontal direction, so that the flow of the replacement fluid in the chamber in the circumferential direction is more stable. It can be realized to improve the miscibility with blood.

A third aspect of the present invention is the mixing chamber according to the first or second aspect, wherein the opening direction of the blood inlet is positive with respect to the horizontal direction and negative with respect to the downward direction. It is set within the range of degrees.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, the opening direction of the blood inlet is set within a specific range with respect to the horizontal direction, so that the circumferential flow of blood in the chamber is stable. It is realized and the miscibility with the replacement fluid is improved. In addition, since the blood flows horizontally or downward in the chamber, the high-concentration blood that has flowed in does not flow upward, and the possibility of thrombus formation can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the difference in the inclination angle in the relative height direction between the opening direction of the blood inlet and the opening direction of the replacement fluid inlet is set to 5 degrees or more. Will be adopted.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, the high-concentration blood flowing into the chamber from the blood inlet is more effectively positioned below the mixed layer whose blood concentration is diluted by the replacement fluid. be able to.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is in the mixing chamber according to any one of the first to third aspects, in the peripheral wall in the opening direction of the blood inlet and the opening direction of the replacement fluid inlet. The circumferential components along the line are oriented in the same direction as each other.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, the inflow direction of blood and the inflow direction of replacement fluid are the same in the circumferential direction, so that the occurrence of turbulence in the flow of blood and replacement fluid in the chamber can be suppressed. ..

Further, in the present invention, an embodiment in which the inflow port of the blood and the inflow port of the replacement fluid are provided at positions separated from each other in the circumferential direction on the peripheral wall is preferably adopted.

In the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, the inflows of blood and replacement fluid are separated from each other in the circumferential direction, so that the inlets can be easily formed. In addition, by appropriately setting the separation distance in the circumferential direction of each inflow port of blood and replacement fluid in consideration of the inclination angle and flow rate of each inflow port, the miscibility of blood and replacement fluid can be improved or increased. It is also possible to more effectively prevent the exposure of concentrated blood to the liquid surface.

Further, in the present invention, the blood flow path extending outward from the blood inlet and the replacement fluid flow path extending outward from the fluid replacement inlet on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall are, for example, FIGS. 20 to 20 of the embodiment described later. As shown in 22, an embodiment in which the peripheral wall is provided so as to extend toward the same side is preferably adopted.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to this embodiment, for example, the blood flow path and the replacement fluid flow path extending outward are compared with the case where the blood flow path and the replacement fluid flow path extend toward the opposite side of the peripheral wall. It is possible to facilitate the handling and reduce the installation space of the mixing chamber.

According to the mixing chamber having a structure according to the present invention, it is possible to keep the size of the mixing chamber in the vertical direction small while improving the mixing property of blood and replacement fluid.

The front view which shows the mixing chamber as one Embodiment of this invention. Top view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. The explanatory view for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 1 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which showed the simulation result in FIG. 7 from another direction. The explanatory view for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 2 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which showed the simulation result in FIG. 9 from another direction. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 3 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which showed the simulation result in FIG. 11 from another direction. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 4 of this invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 5 of this invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 6 of this invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 7 of this invention. The explanatory view for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as Example 8 of this invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as a comparative example of this invention. Explanatory drawing which showed the simulation result in FIG. 18 from another direction. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a mixing chamber as another embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIG. It is a front view which shows the mixing chamber as still another Embodiment of this invention, and is the figure corresponding to FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 21 and corresponds to FIG. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as another Example of this invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the simulation result in the mixing chamber as still another Example of this invention.

Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention in more detail, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, FIGS. 1 to 6 show a mixing chamber 10 as an embodiment of the present invention. The mixing chamber 10 is provided, for example, on the dialysis circuit of a device for hemodiafiltration (online HDF) in which dialysate is injected into the body to replenish the body fluid, and the mixing chamber 10 is provided with blood in the mixing chamber 10. A dialysate or the like as a replacement fluid is mixed. That is, the mixing chamber 10 includes a blood inlet 12 which is an inflow port for blood and a replacement fluid inlet 14 which is an inlet for replacement fluid. Then, the blood and the replacement fluid that have flowed in from the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 are mixed in the mixing chamber 10, and the mixed liquid of the blood and the replacement fluid is passed through the mixed fluid flow path 16 to a dialyzer (not shown). It is sent to the blood circuit for blood return, which is sent back to the patient's blood vessels. In the following description, the central axis direction refers to the vertical direction in FIG. 1 which is the extension direction of the central axis L of the chamber body 18 constituting the mixing chamber 10. Further, the vertical direction refers to the vertical direction in FIG. 1, which is a substantially vertical direction when the mixing chamber 10 is used. Further, the horizontal direction is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the chamber body 18, which is a substantially horizontal direction when the mixing chamber 10 is used, and is, for example, a left-right direction in FIG.

More specifically, the chamber body 18 has a tubular shape as a whole, and in the present embodiment, it has a substantially circular tubular shape extending in the vertical direction. That is, the chamber body 18 includes a tubular peripheral wall 20 having a substantially annular shape in cross section. In the present embodiment, the peripheral wall 20 includes an upper tubular portion 22 and a lower tubular portion 24, both of which have a substantially cylindrical shape, and the upper and lower tubular portions 22, 24 are mutually in the vertical direction. They are coaxially connected. In particular, in the present embodiment, the upper opening of the lower cylinder 24 is fitted into the lower opening of the upper cylinder 22, and is mutually fixed by means such as press fitting, adhesion, and welding, if necessary. Has been done.

In the present embodiment, in the upper cylinder portion 22, the inner peripheral surface of the lower opening portion into which the upper opening portion of the lower cylinder portion 24 is fitted is expanded in a stepped shape. As a result, the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 22 forming the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20 of the chamber body 18 and the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 24 are substantially equal, and the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20 is in the central axis direction. It has a cylindrical surface that is almost smooth and has no steps over the entire length.

Further, the upper cylinder portion 22 has an inverted cup shape, and the upper opening of the upper cylinder portion 22 is closed by a disk-shaped upper bottom wall portion 26. In the present embodiment, the upper bottom wall portion 26 is formed with three through holes 28a, 28b, and 28c that penetrate in the vertical direction. Hard ports 30a, 30b, 30c projecting upward are integrally formed in the through holes 28a, 28b, 28c of the upper bottom wall portion 26. Further, soft tubes 32a, 32b, 32c extending outward are connected to these ports 30a, 30b, 30c, respectively. As a result, the pressure measurement line 34 is configured to include the port 30a and the tube 32a. Further, the liquid level adjusting line 36 is configured to include the port 30b and the tube 32b. Furthermore, the drug injection line 38 is configured to include the port 30c and the tube 32c.

For example, in the tube 32a constituting the pressure measurement line 34, a pressure sensor (not shown) is provided at the end opposite to the port 30a, and the internal pressure of the chamber body 18 (the liquid level 64 and the upper bottom wall portion described later) is provided. It is possible to measure the atmospheric pressure in the space 66 between the axial direction and the 26. An intermediate portion of the tube 32a may be provided with, for example, a filter that allows gas to pass through and does not allow liquid to pass through. However, such a pressure measuring line 34 is not indispensable, and a pressure measuring means may be separately provided at another site on the blood circuit.

Further, in the tube 32b constituting the liquid level adjusting line 36, the end portion on the opposite side to the port 30b communicates with the external space so that air can be supplied into the chamber main body 18. That is, when the internal pressure of the chamber body 18 rises or falls, it is possible to avoid the rise or fall of the internal pressure by supplying and discharging the air in the chamber body 18 through the liquid level adjusting line 36. Further, the tube 32b may be provided with, for example, a line opening / closing means such as a clamp, a pressure adjusting means, or the like, so that the user can appropriately open / close the liquid level adjusting line 36 and adjust the pressure.

Further, in the tube 32c constituting the drug injection line 38, a bag or a syringe containing a drug may be connected to the end opposite to the port 30c. Thereby, it is possible to appropriately add a drug or the like to the mixed solution of blood and replacement fluid through the drug injection line 38. An orifice 40 that extends the through hole 28c downward is provided below the port 30c. The orifice 40 is provided above the replacement fluid inflow port 14, and is configured so that the replacement fluid flowing in from the replacement fluid port 48, which will be described later, does not collide with the orifice 40. From the orifice 40, a drug or the like can be added through the drug injection line 38. However, the drug injection line 38 and the orifice 40 are not indispensable, and it is preferable that the orifice 40 is not provided, particularly from the viewpoint of not obstructing the flow of the liquid in the chamber body 18. Further, on the extension line in the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14, that is, on the streamline of the replacement fluid flowing in from the replacement fluid inflow port 14, there is no member such as an orifice 40 that obstructs the flow of the liquid, and the chamber body 18 is straight. It is preferably cylindrical and the curved surface on the inner surface 25 of the chamber body 18 is located.

On the other hand, the lower tubular portion 24 has a single-tube shape extending substantially straight, and a substantially funnel-shaped outflow port 42 is connected to the lower opening thereof as a whole. The outflow port 42 is externally fitted to the lower opening of the lower tubular portion 24 at the upper opening having a large-diameter cylindrical shape, and is fixed by being press-fitted, bonded, welded, or the like as necessary. ing. Further, the small-diameter lower opening that is tapered downward is a small-diameter tubular port portion that protrudes downward. A tube 44 is connected to this port portion and extends outward, and includes the port portion at the lower end of the outflow port 42 and the tube 44, and the blood mixed in the mixing chamber 10 (chamber body 18). A mixed liquid flow path 16 for sending out a mixed liquid of the replacement liquid and the replacement liquid is configured.

A filter 45 is mounted inside the outflow port 42. In the present embodiment, the filter 45 has a substantially hollow truncated cone shape as a whole, and the large-diameter side end of the filter 45 is fixed to the inner surface of the outflow port 42, while the small-diameter side end of the filter 45. Has penetrated into the inside of the lower cylinder portion 24 through the lower opening of the lower cylinder portion 24. Innumerable slit-shaped small holes are provided in the peripheral wall of the filter 45, and when the mixed liquid of blood and replacement fluid moves from the chamber body 18 to the mixed liquid flow path 16 through the filter 45, the mixed liquid is contained in the mixed liquid. Foreign substances such as thrombi and waste products are filtered out by the filter 45, and the purified mixed solution is sent to the dialyzer and the blood circuit for blood return to return to the patient's blood vessel through the mixed solution flow path 16. There is. The shape and specific structure of the filter 45 are not limited to include the installation position and the installation structure, and the filter 45 is not essential in the present invention.

On the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20 of the chamber body 18 as described above, the blood inflow port 12 for allowing blood to flow into the chamber body 18 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 for allowing the replacement fluid to flow into the chamber body 18 are the heights of the peripheral wall 20. It is located between the upper end and the lower end of the peripheral wall 20 in the vertical direction and is provided at the same height position in the central axis direction (vertical direction).

In particular, in the present embodiment, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 have substantially the same shape and size, and are formed at positions where they generally overlap in the vertical direction. Further, in the present embodiment, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are open to the inner surface 25 of the upper cylinder portion 22 (peripheral wall 20) and penetrate in the thickness direction of the peripheral wall of the upper cylinder portion 22 to the outside. It communicates with the space. Further, in the present embodiment, the opening ends of the peripheral wall 20 at the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 to the inner surface 25 are formed at positions 180 degrees apart from each other in the circumferential direction on the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20. The peripheral walls 20 of the chamber body 18 are opposed to each other in the radial direction. However, the shape and size of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14, the position of the opening end, etc. are not limited, and the inflow amount and speed of blood and replacement fluid, the size and volume of the chamber body 18, etc. are taken into consideration. It is also possible to set different shapes of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 as appropriate.

Then, on the outer surface of the upper tubular portion 22, a hard blood port 46 and a replacement fluid port 48 are integrally formed with the upper tubular portion 22 from the peripheral edges of the opening ends of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14. It projects outward, and the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 define the opening directions of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14, which will be described later. In the present invention, the opening directions of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 can be defined by the blood port 46, the replacement fluid port 48, the tube 52 and the tube 54 described later, and the like. Each of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 having substantially the same shape as each other have a shaft. In the directional view, they extend in the tangential direction of the peripheral wall of the upper cylinder portion 22 and outward from each other on opposite sides. However, the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 are not limited to the mode extending in the tangential direction of the peripheral wall 20 (upper cylinder portion 22), and the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are the central axis L of the peripheral wall 20. It suffices if it deviates from the opening. That is, the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 may extend so that the central axis L of the chamber body 18 is not located on the virtual extension line in the opening direction of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14, which will be described later. If the inner surface 25 of the chamber body 18 connected to the virtual extension line is a curved surface that guides the flow direction in the circumferential direction, the liquid that naturally flows into the chamber body 18 flows in the circumferential direction. Note that in FIG. 6, the tubes 32a, 32b, and 32c are not shown.

That is, the blood flowing into the chamber body 18 from the blood inlet 12 is directed toward the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20 in the axial view by the action of setting the flow direction by the blood port 46. Further, the replacement fluid flowing into the chamber main body 18 from the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is directed toward the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20 in the axial view by the action of setting the flow direction by the replacement fluid port 48.

In the present embodiment, each central axis of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 is set to be substantially tangential to the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20, and blood is formed on the inner surfaces of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48. Inclination guide surfaces 50 and 50 are provided on the distal end side and the outer peripheral side in the inflow direction of the replacement fluid. In the present embodiment, the inclined guide surfaces 50 and 50 are curved inclined surfaces extending from the inner surfaces of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 toward the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14. As a result, the blood or fluid replacement derived from each of the ports 46 and 48 is smoothly guided into the chamber body 18 without directly hitting the tip surfaces of both ports 46 and 48, and the blood inlet 12 and fluid replacement fluid are introduced. It is designed to flow in from the inflow port 14.

Further, soft tubes 52 and 54 as external flow paths are connected to the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48, respectively. As a result, the blood flow path 56 is configured to include the blood port 46 and the tube 52 connected to the blood port 46, and the replacement fluid flow path 58 is configured to include the replacement fluid port 48 and the tube 54 connected to the replacement fluid port 48. Has been done. It is also possible to fix these soft tubes 52 and 54 with a hook or the like integrally formed with the chamber body 18 to specify the opening direction of each inflow port 12 and 14, thereby outward. It is also possible to eliminate the need for the protruding ports 46 and 48.

The outer end of the tube 52 connected to the blood port 46 is connected to the blood circuit so that blood after blood removal or blood after passing through the dialyzer can flow from the blood flow path 56 into the chamber body 18. It has become. Therefore, the flow direction of blood in the blood flow path 56 is the direction from the left to the right in FIG. 6 (white arrow D1 in FIG. 6), and the opening direction of the blood inlet 12 is also the chamber body 18 This is the direction of flow of blood flowing into.

Further, the outer end of the tube 54 connected to the replacement fluid port 48 is connected to the dialysing device so that the dialysate flows in the replacement fluid flow path 58 as a replacement fluid and flows into the chamber body 18. It has become. Therefore, the flow direction of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid flow path 58 is the direction from the right to the left in FIG. 6 (white arrow D2 in FIG. 6), and the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is also the chamber body 18 This is the direction of flow of the replacement fluid flowing into.

Further, as will be described later, the blood flowing in the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flowing in the replacement fluid flow path 58 are spirally spiraled downward as a whole in the chamber body 18 where the outflow port 42 is provided. It is designed to flow like a spiral. That is, in the present embodiment, the blood and the replacement fluid flow in the same direction (clockwise indicated by the white arrow D3 in FIG. 6) in the circumferential direction in the chamber body 18, and the blood inlet 12 The opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is also the same as the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20.

The inner diameter of the end opening of the blood port 46 or the replacement fluid port 48 into which the tube 52 or the tube 54 is inserted has been expanded, and the inner diameter of each port 46, 48 and the inner diameter of the tubes 52, 54 Are approximately equalized so that the smooth flow of blood and fluid replacement is not impeded.

Further, the inner surface 25 of the upper tubular portion 22 has a predetermined length from the peripheral edge portion (opening peripheral edge portion) of the opening end at the inner surface 25 of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 toward one side in the circumferential direction. The concave groove-shaped guide grooves 60 and 62 extending in are formed. These guide grooves 60 and 62 extend from the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 to the circumference of the inner surface 25 in the direction of extension of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48. In the present embodiment, the guide grooves 60 and 62 have substantially the same width dimension as the diameter dimensions of the inflow ports 12 and 14, respectively, and 1/10 to 1 circumference in the circumferential direction of the upper cylinder portion 22 (the one shown in the figure is omitted). It is formed with a circumferential length of 1/4 circumference).

As will be described later, the blood flow path 56 (blood port 46) and the replacement fluid flow path 58 (replenishment fluid port 48) are provided so as to be inclined with respect to the central axis L of the upper cylinder portion 22 (chamber body 18). Therefore, the guide grooves 60 and 62 also extend so as to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction of the upper cylinder portion 22 (chamber body 18). Further, the guide grooves 60 and 62 have an inclined bottom surface that gradually becomes a shallow bottom on the tip side, and the groove width dimension may be gradually reduced as the bottom becomes shallower.

Here, the blood inflow port 12 and the replenisher inflow port 14 are formed at substantially the same height in the central axis direction (vertical direction) of the upper tubular portion 22, and are formed in the central axis direction (vertical direction) with respect to the horizontal plane. It is tilted and open. That is, the blood port 46 that provides the opening direction that is the inflow direction of blood to the blood inlet 12 is formed at a predetermined angle A (see FIG. 3) with respect to the horizontal direction. Further, a replacement fluid port 48 that provides an opening direction that is an inflow direction of the replacement fluid to the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is formed at a predetermined angle B (see FIG. 5) with respect to the horizontal direction. In other words, in the present embodiment, the blood flow path 56 extends at an angle A with respect to the horizontal direction, and the replacement fluid flow path 58 extends at an angle B with respect to the horizontal direction.

The extension direction of the replacement fluid flow path 58 (opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14) is upward with respect to the extension direction of the blood flow path 56 (opening direction of the blood inlet 12). In short, the inclination angle A of the blood flow path 56 is smaller than the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid flow path 58 (A <B) when the upward direction is positive and the downward direction is negative with respect to the horizontal direction.

The inclination angle A of the blood flow path 56 with respect to the horizontal direction (inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction in the opening direction of the blood inlet 12) A is 0 degrees or less (when the upward direction is positive and the downward direction is negative with respect to the horizontal direction). It is preferable that A ≦ 0 °). That is, by setting the inclination angle A of the blood flow path 56 to 0 degrees or less, a mixed layer having a low blood concentration can be stably formed in the upper layer when the blood and the replacement fluid, which will be described later, are mixed, and thrombus is generated. Can be effectively prevented. Further, it is preferable that the inclination angle A is −45 degrees or more (−45 ° ≦ A). That is, by setting the inclination angle A of the blood flow path 56 to −45 degrees or more, the horizontal force vector component in the blood flow becomes larger than the vertical force vector component when the blood and the replacement fluid, which will be described later, are mixed. It can be made larger. As a result, blood can flow more stably in a circumferential spiral, and turbulence in the vertical direction can be effectively suppressed.

On the other hand, the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid flow path 58 with respect to the horizontal direction (inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction in the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14) is −45 degrees when the upward direction is positive and the downward direction is negative with respect to the horizontal direction. It is preferable that the above (−45 ° ≦ B) is set. Further, it is preferable that the inclination angle B is +45 degrees or less (B ≦ + 45 °). That is, by setting the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid flow path 58 to −45 degrees or more or +45 degrees or less, the force vector component in the horizontal direction in the flow of the replacement fluid is changed to the force in the vertical direction when the blood and the replacement fluid, which will be described later, are mixed. It can be larger than the vector component. As a result, the replacement fluid can flow more stably in a circumferential spiral, and turbulence in the vertical direction can be effectively suppressed. Further, it is more preferable that the inclination angle B is -10 degrees or more (-10 ° ≦ B), and it is even more preferable that the inclination angle B is 0 degrees or more (0 ° ≦ B).

In the present embodiment, the inclination angle A of the blood flow path 56 with respect to the horizontal direction is -20 degrees (A = -20 °), and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid flow path 58 with respect to the horizontal direction is +20. The degree (B = + 20 °) is set. That is, the opening direction of the blood inlet 12 is directed downward with an inclination angle of -20 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction, and the opening direction of the supplementary fluid inflow port 14 is upward with an inclination angle of +20 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction. It is suitable. Further, the relative angle difference α between the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 is 40 degrees (α = BA = 20− (-20) = 40 ° (0 <α)).

Blood and replacement fluid are allowed to flow into the chamber body 18 of the mixing chamber 10 having the above structure through the blood inlet 12 in the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 in the replacement fluid flow path 58. Since the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 extend in the tangential direction of the chamber body 18, the blood and the replacement fluid flowed through the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 can be collected on the inner surface 25 of the chamber body 18. Along the line, it flows in the circumferential direction and is mixed. That is, since the chamber body 18 extends in the vertical direction and the outflow port 42 is provided below the inflow ports 12 and 14, the mixed liquid spirals downward in the circumferential direction according to the action of gravity. It is supposed to flow to.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the guide grooves 60 and 62 extending in the circumferential direction from the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are provided on the inner surface 25 of the chamber main body 18, blood and replacement fluid can flow more smoothly. It can be made to flow into the chamber body 18 and flow in the circumferential direction along the inner surface 25 of the chamber body 18.

In the chamber body 18, the height position (position in the central axis direction) of the liquid level 64 of the mixed fluid of blood and replacement fluid is preferably set above the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14. Further, the liquid level 64 is preferably located below the upper bottom wall portion 26 of the chamber body 18, and has a predetermined size between the liquid level 64 and the upper bottom wall portion 26 in the axial direction. Space 66 is preferably provided. Further, the open ends of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 are preferably located 4 mm or more below the upper bottom wall portion 26 of the chamber body 18. Furthermore, the outflow port 42 of the mixed liquid in which blood and the replacement fluid are mixed in the chamber main body 18 is provided in the center of the bottom surface of the chamber main body 18 in the present embodiment. An outflow port 42 may be provided by opening through the peripheral wall 20 of the chamber body 18.

[Example 1]
Regarding the mixing chamber 10 of the above-described embodiment having the above-mentioned structure, the flow modes of blood and replacement fluid were examined by simulation using a computer. The simulation results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Note that FIGS. 7 and 8 show the same results, and show the same simulation results from different viewpoints. Further, in this simulation, "ANSYS (registered trademark) Fluent (registered trademark)" manufactured by ANSYS was used as the software. Here, the liquid level 64 of the mixed liquid was set to be at a position 0.56 mm above the upper portion of the opening peripheral portion at the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14. Further, the areas of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 on the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20 (cross-sectional areas orthogonal to the flow path in the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48) were set to ^{9.079 cm 2, respectively.} Furthermore, the flow rates of the blood and the replacement fluid flowing through the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 were both ^{set to 200 cm 3} / min.

Figures 7 and 8 are difficult to understand because they are black-and-white drawings for patent application (color drawings have been submitted as reference materials at the same time as the application), but blood is shown in the left bar in Figures 7 and 8. It is the concentration, and the blood concentration in the mixed solution in the figure is displayed in the color corresponding to the bar on the left. That is, in the bar on the left, the lower the bar, the darker the blood concentration, the darker the color. Correspondingly, the part with the lower blood concentration in the mixed solution in the figure is darker. It is displayed in. Further, the plurality of lines extending from the blood inlet 12 of the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 of the replacement fluid flow path 58 indicate the fluid fluid calculated based on the calculation of the simulation.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the blood flowing into the chamber body 18 through the blood inlet 12 of the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flowing into the chamber body 18 through the replacement fluid inlet 14 of the replacement fluid flow path 58. It was confirmed that each of them flowed downward in a circumferential spiral, and they were mixed with each other and flowed in a circumferential spiral as a mixed solution.

Here, in particular, as shown in FIG. 7, the liquid level 64 of the mixed liquid is shown in a dark color, and it is understood that the blood concentration is low, in other words, the replacement fluid concentration is high. That is, by providing the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 at inclination angles A (-20 degrees) and B (+20 degrees), respectively, the fluid replacement layer (flowing from the blood flow path 56) flows into the upper portion of the mixed solution. It was confirmed that a mixed layer having a blood concentration relatively lower than that of blood) was formed, and contact with air at the liquid level 64 of high-concentration blood could be prevented.

[Example 2]
In the mixing chamber of Example 1, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 is -30 degrees and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is +30 degrees (that is, the relative of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). The angle difference α was set to 60 degrees (α = BA = 30- (-30) = 60 ° (0 <α))). The computer simulation results are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 for the other shapes and conditions that are the same as those in the first embodiment.

As a result of such a simulation, as shown in FIG. 9, it was confirmed that the liquid level 64 of the mixed solution was shown in a darker color as compared with Example 1. That is, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 with respect to the horizontal direction is made small (downward), and the inclination angle B is made large (upward) (relative between the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). It is understood that a replacement fluid layer (a mixed layer having a relatively lower blood concentration than the blood flowing from the blood flow path 56) can be formed more stably in the upper part of the mixed solution by increasing the angle difference. Will be done.

[Example 3]
In the mixing chamber of Example 1, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 is -10 degrees, and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is +10 degrees (that is, relative to the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). The angle difference α was set to 20 degrees (α = BA = 10- (-10) = 20 ° (0 <α))). The computer simulation results are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 for the other shapes and conditions that are the same as those in the first embodiment.

As a result of such a simulation, it was confirmed that the liquid level 64 of the mixed solution was shown in a lighter color as compared with Example 1 as shown in FIG. That is, it is understood that the proportion of blood is increasing (the proportion of replacement fluid is decreasing) at the liquid level 64 of the mixed solution. However, since the blood concentration is sufficiently small, even if the inclination angle A of the blood inlet 12 with respect to the horizontal direction is -10 degrees and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inlet 14 with respect to the horizontal direction is +10 degrees, the effect of preventing thrombus is obtained. It is thought that it will be effectively demonstrated.

[Example 4]
In the mixing chamber of Example 1, the liquid level 64 of the mixed liquid was set at a position 10 mm above the upper portion of the opening peripheral portion at the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14. Other shapes and conditions, including the inclination angle A (-20 degrees) of the blood inlet 12 and the inclination angle B (+20 degrees) of the replacement fluid inlet 14, were the same as in Example 1. The simulation result is shown in FIG.

As a result of such simulation, as shown in FIG. 13, the outer peripheral portion of the liquid level 64 of the mixed liquid is lighter in color than that in Example 1, but the central portion is shown in a darker color. You can see that it is done. That is, by increasing the vertical dimension from the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 to the liquid level 64, the concentration of blood reaching the liquid level 64 can be further reduced, and the upper portion of the mixed solution is more stable. And can be covered with a replacement fluid layer.

[Example 5]
In the mixing chamber of Example 4, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 is -3 degrees, and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is +3 degrees (that is, the relative of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). The angle difference α was 6 degrees (α = BA = 3- (-3) = 6 ° (0 <α))). Other shapes and conditions were the same as in Example 4. The simulation result is shown in FIG.

As a result of such a simulation, as shown in FIG. 14, the liquid level 64 of the mixed liquid is partially shown in a darker color as compared with, for example, FIG. 11 (the third embodiment). I understand. That is, even if the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 with respect to the horizontal direction and the inclination angle B of the supplementary liquid inflow port 14 with respect to the horizontal direction are suppressed to be smaller than those of the third embodiment, the effect of preventing thrombus and the like can be obtained. It is exhibited in the same manner as in Example 3. That is, if the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is upward as compared with the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12, blood tends to flow so as to slip under the replacement fluid, and as a result, a portion having a high blood concentration in the upper layer. The fluid replacement port 48 (opening direction of the fluid replacement inlet 14) may be slightly upward as compared with the blood port 46 (opening direction of the blood inlet 12) because the possibility of forming the blood is reduced. For example, the effect of reducing the possibility of forming a portion having a high blood concentration in the upper layer is exhibited.

[Example 6]
In the mixing chamber of Example 5, the inclination angle A of the blood inlet 12 is 0 degrees and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inlet 14 is +5 degrees (that is, relative to the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14). The angle difference α was set to 5 degrees (α = BA = 5-0 = 5 ° (0 <α))). Other shapes and conditions were the same as in Example 5. The simulation result is shown in FIG.

From the result of such simulation, even if the blood inflow port 12 is horizontal (A = 0 °), when the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 with respect to the horizontal direction is larger than 0 degrees (0 ° <B) (replenishment fluid inflow port). When the opening direction of 14 is directed upward with respect to the opening direction of the blood inlet 12, the upper portion of the mixed solution is covered with the replacement fluid layer, so that the blood clot prevention effect can be exhibited.

[Example 7]
In the mixing chamber of Example 5, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 is -5 degrees, and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is 0 degrees (that is, the relative of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). The angle difference α was 5 degrees (α = BA = 0- (-5) = 5 ° (0 <α))). Other shapes and conditions were the same as in Example 5. The simulation result is shown in FIG.

From the results of such simulation, even if the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is horizontal (B = 0 °), when the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 with respect to the horizontal direction is smaller than 0 ° (A <0 °) (replenishment fluid inflow port). When the opening direction of 14 is directed upward with respect to the opening direction of the blood inlet 12, the upper portion of the mixed solution is covered with the replacement fluid layer, so that the blood clot prevention effect can be exhibited.

[Example 8]
In the mixing chamber of Example 5, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 is -15 degrees, and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is -10 degrees (that is, relative to the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14). The angle difference α was 5 degrees (α = BA = −10− (-15) = 5 ° (0 <α))). Other shapes and conditions were the same as in Example 5. The simulation result is shown in FIG.

From the results of such simulation, even when the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 with respect to the horizontal direction are both smaller than 0 degrees (A <0 °, B <0 °), the replacement fluid inflow port If the inclination angle B of 14 is larger than the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 (if the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 faces upward with respect to the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12, that is, A <B). Since the upper portion of the mixed solution is covered with the replacement fluid layer, the effect of preventing blood clots can be exhibited.

[Comparison example]
As a comparative example of the present invention, in the mixing chamber of Example 1, the inclination angle A of the blood inlet 12 is 0 degrees and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid infusion 14 is 0 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the blood inlet 12). A is not smaller than the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14, α = BA = 0-0 = 0 °). Other shapes and conditions were the same as in Example 1. The simulation results are shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. In FIG. 18, the flow path on the right side in the figure is the blood flow path 56, and the flow path on the left side in the figure is the replacement fluid flow path 58.

From the result of such simulation, it is difficult to understand because it is a black-and-white drawing for application, but as shown in FIG. 18, in the outer peripheral portion of the liquid level 64, the blood layer and the replacement fluid layer are substantially the same on the upper portion of the mixed liquid. It can be confirmed that it is located to some extent. That is, when the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are at the same height position and the inclination angles A and B with respect to the horizontal direction are also equal as in this comparative example, the blood layer is below the replacement fluid layer. High-concentration blood is deposited on the liquid surface 64 as compared with the case where the flow that sneaks in is not stable and the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is directed upward with respect to the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12. It is not preferable because it may be exposed.

From the above, in the mixing chamber 10 according to the present invention, as is clear from the results of Examples 1 to 8 and the Comparative Example, the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12. By facing upward with respect to the above, when blood and replacement fluid flow into the chamber body 18, a flow is created so that the blood sneaks below the replacement fluid, resulting in a high concentration at the liquid level 64. Blood exposure is more likely to be avoided. This can prevent the formation of thrombi due to the high concentration of blood coming into contact with the air in the chamber body 18. By making the inclination angles A and B of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 relatively different in this way, the mixed layer having a blood concentration relatively lower than that of the blood flowing in from the blood flow path 56 is moved upward. The blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 can be provided at the same height position. As a result, the vertical dimension of the mixing chamber 10 can be kept small.

Further, in the mixing chamber 10 according to the present invention, when the blood and the replacement fluid flow into the chamber main body 18, the blood and the replacement fluid are directed downward while a flow is generated so that the blood sneaks below the replacement fluid. It is made to flow in a spiral direction in the circumferential direction. As a result, the mixing property of blood and replacement fluid is sufficiently ensured while reducing the generation of air bubbles. In particular, in the present embodiment, the inner surface 25 of the peripheral wall 20 is provided with guide grooves 60 and 62 extending in the circumferential direction continuously to the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 to guide the flow of blood and replacement fluid. Therefore, the circumferential spiral flow of blood and replacement fluid can be stably realized. Further, since the inner surfaces of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 are provided with inclined guide surfaces 50 and 50 curved toward the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14, the blood and the replacement fluid are more stable. It is made to flow in a spiral shape in the circumferential direction.

Further, from the results of Examples 6 and 7 (FIGS. 15 and 16), for example, even if one of the opening directions of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is horizontal, the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12 and the like. If the relative inclination angle difference (BA) in the height direction (vertical direction) from the opening direction of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is 5 degrees or more (5 ° ≤ (BA)), the fluid level 64 is reached. It is easy to avoid the exposure of high-concentration blood, and the formation of blood clots due to the contact of blood with air can be prevented. Furthermore, from the results of Example 8 (FIG. 17), for example, the opening directions of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 are all downward with respect to the horizontal direction (A <0 °, B <0 °). Even in the case of, if there is a relative inclination angle difference (BA) in the height direction (vertical direction) between the opening direction of the blood inlet 12 and the opening direction of the supplementary fluid inlet 14, the liquid The exposure of high concentrations of blood to the surface 64 can be avoided and the formation of blood clots associated with the contact of blood with air can be prevented.

Further, in the present embodiment, the circumferential components of the blood inlet 12 and the supplementary fluid inlet 14 in the opening direction are in the same direction as each other in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20 (direction of the white arrow D3 in FIG. 6). Therefore, the blood flow and the replacement fluid flow do not collide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the occurrence of turbulent flow can be avoided. As a result, it is possible to prevent blood from being unintentionally exposed on the liquid surface 64 to form a thrombus.

Further, in the present embodiment, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are formed at positions separated from each other in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20, and in particular, in the present embodiment, they are separated from each other by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction. It is formed at the position. As a result, the blood and the replacement fluid are mixed with a sufficient flow length, so that the miscibility can be improved and the occurrence of turbulent flow can be prevented.

Although the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limitedly interpreted by the specific description in the embodiments and examples, and varies based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It can be implemented in the form of changes, corrections, improvements, and the like.

For example, in the above embodiment, the blood flow path 56 (blood port 46) and the replacement fluid flow path 58 (replenishment fluid port 48) extend in opposite directions in the direction perpendicular to the axis, but the mixing chamber shown in FIG. Like 70, they may extend on the same side of the peripheral wall 20 (to the right in FIG. 20), that is, in the direction perpendicular to the axis and in the same direction as each other. In such a case, the circumferential direction in which the blood flows and the circumferential direction in which the replacement fluid flows are opposite to each other, but the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 should be different from each other. Therefore, the collision between the blood flow and the replacement fluid flow can be avoided, or the amount of collision can be kept small, and the occurrence of turbulence can be avoided or suppressed. Alternatively, as in the mixing chamber 80 shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, for example, one of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction with the peripheral wall 20 as the center, thereby forming the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid. The flow path 58 may extend to the same side with respect to the peripheral wall 20, and the flow directions of blood and replacement fluid may be the same in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20. Alternatively, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 21 and 22, the shapes of the blood port 46 and the replacement fluid port 48 are formed so as to extend one of the tube 52 and the tube 54 in the circumferential direction in the same manner as in the above embodiment. By doing so, the extending direction of the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 may be on the same side with respect to the peripheral wall 20.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 are provided at positions 180 degrees apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20, but the present invention is not limited to this mode. That is, as shown in the simulation results shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, for example, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 may be provided at positions separated from each other by 270 degrees or 315 degrees in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20. The separation distance between the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 in the circumferential direction is not limited in any way. For example, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 may be provided at positions separated from each other by 15 degrees or 45 degrees in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 20, or may be provided at substantially the same circumferential direction. However, for example, they may be substantially adjacent to each other so as to face substantially the same opening direction in the axial direction. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the inclination angle A of the blood inflow port 12 with respect to the horizontal direction is -20 degrees (A = -20 °), and the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 is +20 degrees (B = +20). °).

Further, in the embodiment, the embodiments 1 to 7 (FIGS. 1 to 16), and the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, the inclination angle A of the blood inlet 12 is set to 0 degree or less (A ≦ 0 °). At the same time, the inclination angle B of the replacement fluid inflow port 14 was set to 0 degrees or more (0 ° ≦ B). Further, in Example 8 (FIG. 17), the inclination angles A and B of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 were both smaller than 0 degrees (A <0 °, B <0 °). The inclination angles A and B of the blood inlet 12 and the replacement fluid inlet 14 are not limited to these modes. That is, the inclination angles A and B of the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 may both be larger than 0 degrees (0 ° <A, 0 ° <B), and even in such a case, the replacement fluid inflow port When the opening direction of the 14 is directed upward with respect to the opening direction of the blood inflow port 12 (A <B), the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be exhibited.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the embodiment, and the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, the chamber main body 18 has a cylindrical shape having a substantially perfect circular cross-sectional shape, but the cross-sectional shape of the chamber main body 18 is , Ellipse, semicircle, polygon, or a combination thereof.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the embodiment, and the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 have the same shape and are formed at positions where they are totally overlapped in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this aspect. In the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid inflow port 14 in the present invention, it is more preferable to provide each opening end of the peripheral wall 20 to the inner surface 25 at the same height from the viewpoint of miniaturization, and each opening end of the peripheral wall 20 to the inner surface 25 is provided. The blood inlets 12 and the replacement fluid inlets 14 having the same or different shapes may have different shapes, for example, at least in a part thereof in the vertical direction. It suffices if they are formed at positions that overlap each other.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the flow rates of the blood and the replacement fluid flowing into the chamber body 18 are both set to 200 cm ³ / min, but the flow rates of the blood and the replacement fluid are not limited in any way. It can be set as appropriate. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the embodiment, and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, the blood flow path 56 including the blood inflow port 12 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 including the replacement fluid inflow port 14 have the same shape. However, the inner diameter and / or shape of the blood flow path 56 and the replacement fluid flow path 58 may be different from each other, whereby, for example, the flow rate and the flow velocity of the blood and the replacement fluid may be adjusted. By increasing the flow rate of the replacement fluid with respect to the flow rate of the blood, it is possible to position the replacement fluid layer above the blood layer in a more stable manner.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments and examples, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, examples in which the mixing chambers 10 and 70 are used for online HDF are shown, but the mixing chamber according to the present invention is offline. It can also be applied to HDF. That is, the fluid is not limited to one that uses the dialysate in the dialysis machine as the replacement fluid, and a chemical solution sealed in the bag may be used as the replacement fluid. However, the present invention can be applied as long as it is a mixing chamber used on a blood circuit.

10, 70, 80: Mixing chamber, 12: Blood inlet, 14: Replacement fluid inlet, 20: Peripheral wall, 25: Inner surface, 46: Blood port, 48: Replacement fluid port, 56: Blood flow path, 58: Replacement fluid flow Road

Claims (4)

A mixing chamber provided so that the blood inlet and the replacement fluid inlet are both opened on the inner surface of the tubular peripheral wall in a direction deviated from the central axis of the peripheral wall to generate liquid flow in the circumferential direction. There,
The blood inlet and the replacement fluid inlet are provided at the same height in the direction of the central axis of the peripheral wall, and
The opening direction of the inflow port of the replacement fluid, which is the inflow direction of the replacement fluid through the inflow port of the replacement fluid, faces upward with respect to the opening direction of the inflow port of the blood, which is the inflow direction of blood through the inflow port of the blood. A mixing chamber characterized by being The mixing chamber according to claim 1, wherein the opening direction of the inflow port of the replacement fluid is set within the range of 45 to +45 degrees, with the upward direction with respect to the horizontal direction being positive and the downward direction being negative. The mixing chamber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening direction of the blood inlet is set within the range of 45 to 0 degrees, with the upward direction with respect to the horizontal direction being positive and the downward direction being negative. The mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circumferential components along the peripheral wall are oriented in the same direction in the opening direction of the blood inlet and the opening direction of the replacement fluid inlet. Chamber for.

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