JP6894621B2 - Eyeglass lens design method, manufacturing method and supply system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a design method, a manufacturing method and a supply system of a spectacle lens.

In recent years, advances in cutting technology and polishing technology for free curved surfaces of lenses have led to an increase in the number of custom-made spectacle lenses that are individually manufactured with specifications that match the characteristics of the lens purchaser. In such products, the lens orderer (optician, etc.) measures the lens purchaser for eye information, purpose and usage status, frame information, frame wearing information, etc. of the lens purchaser (user). When ordering a lens, the lens manufacturer provides the necessary information to the lens manufacturer, and after receiving the order, the lens manufacturer reflects the lens purchaser information from the lens orderer in the product specifications through optimization calculations, etc., and manufactures the lens. ing.
The lens purchaser information includes the lens powers of the left and right eyes of the lens purchaser (for example, spherical power, astigmatism power, astigmatism axis angle, prism power, prism axis angle, addition degree, etc.), and the lens powers of the left and right eyes of the lens purchaser. The layout (for example, progressive band length, inset, etc.) is notified from the lens orderer to the lens manufacturer. The lens power is information necessary for correcting the refractive power of the eye of the lens purchaser, and reflects "eye information". In addition, the layout of the lens power reflects "information on eye congestion / rotation" and the design type of the lens.
Whether or not the lens power of the lens purchaser is appropriate is confirmed by a visual acuity test or the like, for example, by having the lens purchaser wear a temporary frame and a trial lens. A visual acuity test is the most basic method of evaluating visual acuity. Visual acuity measures the ability of the eye to distinguish between two points, usually the minimum separation area, and is subjectively measured using a Randolt ring index, a Snellen chart, an ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) chart, and the like. Will be done. Regarding the layout of the lens power, the frame to be purchased is fitted, the width and height (eye points) of the left and right eyes of the lens purchaser are obtained, and the layout is confirmed by the mirror method or the like. Since spectacles have a strong element of familiarity, if the lens purchaser already owns the spectacles, the power condition of the spectacle lens before purchase, the lens type, and the design type (for example, hard design or soft design). , Progressive body length, position of near frequency, etc. may be referred to.
The product specifications such as the lens shape manufactured by the lens manufacturer are determined by the "lens purchaser information". If the lens is a single focus lens, purchase the lens at the power inspection point set at the geometric center of the lens, and if the lens is a progressive power lens, purchase the lens at the distance power measurement point above the lens and the near power measurement point below the lens. It is manufactured so that the lens power of the person can be obtained. Further, in the progressive power lens, the addition power curve on the main gaze line is set in consideration of the progressive zone length and the near dioptric power position (inward dioptric power) in addition to the far dioptric power and the near dioptric power.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-066421 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-299168

Here, the power of the power inspection point set at the geometric center of the single focus lens, the power of the distance power measurement point in the progressive power lens, the power of the near power measurement point, and the addition power curve on the main line of sight. The power reflects the information from the "eye information" of the lens purchaser as the lens power.
However, the dioptric power inspection point in a single focus lens is one point on the lens (typically the geometric center, etc.), the dioptric power of the distance dioptric power measurement point in the progressive power lens, the dioptric power of the near dioptric power measurement point, and on the main line of sight. The power of the addition power curve is limited to the power on a certain line on the lens (typically on the main line of sight). The main line of sight in the progressive power lens is a line connecting the distance dioptric power measurement point and the near dioptric power measurement point, and defines the lens dioptric power from the upper side to the lower side of the lens. Therefore, in the lens design, the main line of sight in the progressive power lens corresponds to the central portion of the lens in the single focus lens. That is, in the prior art, the eye information of the lens purchaser merely defines the optical performance of the light that passes through the center of the lens, whether it is a single focus lens or a progressive power lens. There is.
That is, what kind of optical performance the peripheral portion of the lens other than the central portion of the lens has, that is, what kind of shape it has, is not uniquely determined from the information of the eye of the lens purchaser in the prior art.

Therefore, various studies have been conducted on what kind of optical performance the peripheral portion of the lens should be set to. For example, in Patent Document 1, the aberration of the progressive power lens is analyzed by analyzing the frame shape data selected by the lens purchaser for the optical performance of the peripheral portion of the progressive power lens and adding a sag amount to the reference progressive surface shape. It is proposed to adjust the dispersibility of the lens so that the performance will be suitable. Further, Patent Document 2 proposes to reduce the negative load when observing a near object below the lens while balancing the aberration with respect to the optical performance of the peripheral portion of the aspherical lens.
However, it cannot be said that the information of the eye of the lens purchaser is sufficiently reflected in the optical design of the peripheral portion of the lens in the prior art. Eye power measures the ability of the eye to distinguish between two points, usually the minimum separation range, and the lens power information that reflects the "eye information" of the lens purchaser is mainly in the center of the lens (in progressive power lenses). This is because it is mainly used to determine the optical performance of light rays that pass through the line of sight. At present, the optical design of the peripheral part of the lens includes information other than the information of the lens purchaser's eye, for example, information on eye congestion / rotation, purpose and planned use of the spectacle lens, information on the selected frame, and frame wearing. It is done according to the information of the time, but if the most basic "eye information" of the lens purchaser can be reflected in the design of the peripheral part of the lens, it will be combined with the optical design of the peripheral part of the lens based on other information. Furthermore, it can be expected that it will be possible to provide eyeglass lenses tailored to individual lens purchasers. From the above, a method for designing and manufacturing a spectacle lens that reflects the information of the eye of the lens purchaser in the optical design of the peripheral portion of the lens is desired.
Therefore, the present inventor diligently examined the eye information of the lens purchaser, which is useful for the optical design of the peripheral portion of the lens, and found that the spatial frequency characteristics of the eye of the subject (lens purchaser) and the brain of the subject were included. We found the idea of reflecting the cognitive characteristics for spatial frequencies in the optical design around the lens. However, in the prior art, even if the spatial frequency characteristics and the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency are acquired as eye information of the lens purchaser, how should they actually be reflected in the design and how should the lens be manufactured? It is not known if we can provide spectacle lenses tailored to the lens purchaser.
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems existing in such a conventional technique. The purpose is to provide a spectacle lens design method, manufacturing method, and supply system in which the lens purchaser's eye information is reflected in the optical design of the spectacle lens by acquiring the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser with respect to the spatial frequency. It is to be.

As a first means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a characteristic acquisition step of visually observing different spatial frequencies of the subject to acquire the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, and a characteristic acquisition step of acquiring the cognitive characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject It has a characteristic calculation step for calculating the characteristics and a lens design step for reflecting the visual characteristics of the subject in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
As a result, it is possible to design a lens that looks suitable for the subject based on the spatial frequency characteristics peculiar to the subject (lens purchaser), that is, the difference in the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency. It is possible to provide a spectacle lens having specifications more suitable for its characteristics. The visual characteristics of the subject are individual characteristics with respect to the visual appearance of the subject. In order to calculate the characteristics of the appearance of the subject, the spatial frequencies visually observed by the subject may be two or more different spatial frequencies. Only information about whether or not a certain spatial frequency could be recognized with one type can be obtained, but with two or more types, the characteristics of the subject's appearance such as higher spatial frequencies being easier to see than lower spatial frequencies are calculated. This is because it will be possible. When visually observing two or more kinds of spatial frequencies, the subject may be visually observed separately, or the spatial frequencies may be continuously or discontinuously changed in one image, moving image, or the like. .. Further, when the subject visually observes the spatial frequency, the temporal frequency may be changed in addition to the spatial frequency by changing the presentation time and the presentation time interval of, for example, an image of the spatial frequency. For example, even when an image of the same spatial frequency is visually observed by a subject, the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency change when the temporal frequency is changed (for example, when the subject blinks quickly or slowly). Therefore, when the subject visually observes the spatial frequency, it is preferable to visually confirm the time frequency information as well. When calculating the visual characteristics of the subject, it is preferable to refer to a database, equations, etc. that have been constructed in advance using machine learning or the like.

Further, as a second means, in the characteristic calculation step, a preference coefficient (hereinafter referred to as a visual preference coefficient) is calculated as a characteristic of the visual appearance of the subject, and the visual preference coefficient is used for lens design in the lens design step. I tried to reflect it in.
As a result, the design parameters of the lens design can be determined and the spectacle lens can be designed by more objectively calculating the subjective condition of the subject's appearance as a coefficient. The appearance preference coefficient quantifies (orients) the tendency of the individual appearance characteristics of the subject on a certain scale. For a certain appearance characteristic, a large appearance preference coefficient indicates that the appearance characteristic is preferred. By normalizing the appearance preference coefficient to 0 to 1, it is possible to reflect several appearances in the lens design at the same time. The appearance preference coefficient is not limited to a positive value and may be negative. A negative appearance preference factor means that the subject prefers a view opposite to that view. The appearance preference coefficient is not particularly limited as long as it can express the characteristics of the subject's appearance, but for example, whether or not the subject prefers to look "clean" is determined by "clean preference coefficient" and "clean preference coefficient". Whether or not they prefer to see clearly is defined as a "clear preference coefficient", and whether or not they prefer "shaking" is defined as a "swaying preference coefficient".
Further, as a third means, the appearance preference coefficient is set to be one or more of either a blur preference coefficient or a distortion preference coefficient.
Further, as a fourth means, the appearance preference coefficient is set to be a blur / distortion preference coefficient.
This is because these coefficients are suitable as indexes for more objectively judging the appearance of the subject for the design of the spectacle lens. In the optical design of spectacle lenses, there is a trade-off relationship because there are restrictions on the lens design, although the "blurring" and "distortion" of the lens are independent lens aberrations. That is, the lens can be designed once the performance of "blurring" and "distortion" is determined. Therefore, it is good to calculate the characteristics of the subject's appearance as the blur preference coefficient, the distortion preference coefficient, and the blur / distortion preference coefficient.
Further, as a fifth means, in the characteristic calculation step, the visual characteristics of the subject are analyzed and calculated because the cognitive characteristics are bimodal.
This is because when the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency are bimodal, it is effective to analyze the bimodal characteristics when calculating the visual characteristics of the subject.
Further, as a sixth means, the cognitive characteristic of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency is set to be the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak that is best recognized by the subject. This is because the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak can explain the main characteristics of the visual characteristics of the subject.
Here, the "best recognized" spatial frequency is the most recognizable spatial frequency in the range and type of spatial frequency visually observed by the subject, and is the highest recognized spatial frequency. is there. Regarding the magnitude and speed of the cognitive response to the spatial frequency, it may be judged that the larger the response and the faster the response, the easier it is to be recognized. In addition, the fact that recognition is easy means that the retention rate of information is high with respect to the spatial frequency concerned. Therefore, the retention rate of information with respect to a certain spatial frequency may be easily recognized.
Further, as a seventh means, the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak recognized best by the subject and the second spatial frequency peak recognized second best. It was made to be the spatial frequency of.
By acquiring and analyzing the second spatial frequency peak as the cognitive characteristic for the spatial frequency of the subject in addition to the first spatial frequency peak, the visual characteristic of the subject can be calculated more accurately.
Further, as an eighth means, the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak recognized most by the subject and the spatial frequency of the second spatial frequency peak recognized second best. The ratio of the ease of recognition of spatial frequencies is set.
By obtaining the ratio between the ease of recognizing the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak and the ease of recognizing the spatial frequency of the second spatial frequency peak, the tendency of the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject is acquired. This is because it is possible to specifically calculate the characteristics of the appearance of the subject.
Further, as a ninth means, the cognitive characteristic of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency is set to be easy to recognize for five or more kinds of spatial frequencies.
In order to calculate the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak, it is preferable to compare three or more kinds of spatial frequencies per peak in order to accurately obtain the peak. Therefore, in order to calculate the two peaks, it is preferable to share one data and compare five kinds of spatial frequencies. From the above, by acquiring the ease of recognition for five or more types of spatial frequencies as cognitive characteristics, it is possible to more accurately acquire the characteristics of the appearance of the subject. Here, the more types of spatial frequencies, the more the characteristics of the subject can be recorded, but even if there are too many types, it becomes complicated. Therefore, it is desirable that the number of types is 5 or more and 10 or less for a certain measurement condition. For example, when acquiring the cognitive characteristics of the subject for the spatial frequency for each of the distance vision and the near vision, it is preferable to acquire the ease of recognition for the spatial frequencies of 5 or more to 10 or less, respectively.
Further, as a tenth means, the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are set to include at least the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency near 1 cpd (cycles / degree) and the spatial frequency near 3 cpd.
In this way, by acquiring the cognitive characteristics for low spatial frequencies near 1 cpd and the cognitive characteristics for high spatial frequencies near 3 cpd and calculating the visual characteristics, the visual characteristics of the subject can be specifically calculated. Is. Here, the vicinity of 1 cpd is a spatial frequency that peaks as a cognitive characteristic with respect to a low spatial frequency of the subject, which is about 0.5 to 2.0 cpd, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 cpd. The spatial frequency near 3 cpd is about 2.0 to 6.0 cpd, more preferably 2.5 to 4.0 cpd, which is the spatial frequency that peaks as the cognitive characteristic with respect to the high spatial frequency. is there. Further, it is also good to set the cognitive characteristic for the spatial frequency of about 5.0 to 10.0 cpd as the cognitive characteristic for the high spatial frequency because the measurement separation for the low spatial frequency can be clarified. By defining the spatial frequency to be acquired as the cognitive characteristic in this way, the cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject can be efficiently acquired.

Further, as an eleventh means, when the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are more easily recognized as the spatial frequency is lower, the lens is designed with an emphasis on distortion.
The lower the spatial frequency, the easier it is to be recognized, which means that the subject responds well (largely) to the low spatial frequency and is sensitive to "distortion". Therefore, the lens design should emphasize distortion. Is appropriate as a lens design for this subject. In addition, the lower the spatial frequency, the easier it is to be recognized, which means that the high spatial frequency is relatively difficult to recognize. Therefore, it is not necessary to emphasize "blurring" when designing, so "distortion" is emphasized. It's about designing.
Further, as a twelfth means, when the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are more easily recognized as the spatial frequency is higher, the lens design is made with an emphasis on blurring.
The higher the spatial frequency, the higher the cognitive characteristics, which means that the subject responds well (largely) to the high spatial frequency and is sensitive to "blurring". Therefore, the lens design should emphasize blurring. This is because this is a valid lens design for this subject. In addition, the higher the spatial frequency, the easier it is to be recognized, which means that the low spatial frequency is relatively difficult to recognize. Therefore, it is not necessary to emphasize "distortion" when designing, so "blurring" is emphasized. It's about designing.

Further, as a thirteenth means, the amount of distortion or blurring in the lens design of the subject is based on at least one of the peak value of the cognitive characteristic for the low spatial frequency and the peak value of the cognitive characteristic for the high spatial frequency. I tried to adjust the amount.
By analyzing the peak value of the cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency in this way and designing the lens to reflect the peak value, it is possible to easily and accurately provide a spectacle lens having specifications that more closely match the characteristics of the lens purchaser.
Further, as a fourteenth means, the lens design that reflects the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency is changed depending on whether the spatial frequency that is easily recognized is in the low spatial frequency region or the high spatial frequency region.
The cognitive characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) differ depending on whether the spatial frequency that is easily recognized is the low spatial frequency region or the high spatial frequency region. Therefore, by changing the lens design that reflects which band the lens is in, it is possible to provide a spectacle lens having specifications that more closely match the characteristics of the lens purchaser.
Further, as a fifteenth means, in the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency, the lens design that reflects the easily perceived spatial frequency depending on whether it is in the low spatial frequency region or the high spatial frequency region is set to have opposite characteristics. I made it.
In this way, the cognitive characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) are the characteristics of the lens purchaser by making the lens design opposite to each other depending on whether the spatial frequency that is easily recognized is in the low spatial frequency range or the high spatial frequency region. It is possible to provide a spectacle lens having specifications that more closely match.
In addition, as the 16th means, the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency are acquired by using the predetermined biological reaction of the subject as an index.
Since using a predetermined biological reaction of a subject obtains an objective cognitive characteristic of the subject, a more accurate cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to measure cognitive characteristics for many spatial frequencies in a shorter time than subjectively acquiring cognitive characteristics.
Further, as a 17th means, the predetermined biological reaction was made to be a brain reaction.
This is because the brain reaction can be easily obtained as a biological reaction of the subject, and the activity of neurons that respond to the spatial frequency can be recorded, so that the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency can be accurately obtained.
Further, as an eighteenth means, when the spectacle lens is a single focus lens, the visual characteristics of the subject are reflected at a position other than the optical center.
As a result, in a single focus lens, it is possible to consider the visual characteristics (eye characteristics) of the subject (lens purchaser) in the peripheral portion of the lens other than the central portion of the lens, and the eyeglasses have specifications that more closely match the characteristics of the lens purchaser. We can provide lenses.
Further, as a nineteenth means, when the spectacle lens is a progressive power lens, the visual characteristics of the subject are reflected at a position other than the main line of sight.
This makes it possible to consider the visual characteristics (eye characteristics) of the subject (lens purchaser) in the peripheral portion of the lens other than the main line of sight in the progressive power lens, and the specifications are more suitable for the characteristics of the lens purchaser. Can provide spectacle lenses.

Further, as the twentieth means, the spectacle lens is manufactured by the design method of any one of the first means to the nineteenth means.
As a result, it is possible to manufacture a spectacle lens having specifications that more closely match the characteristics of the lens purchaser.
Further, as the 21st means, the characteristic acquisition means for acquiring the cognitive characteristics for the spatial frequency of the lens purchaser when the lens purchaser visually observes different spatial frequencies in the spectacle lens supply system, and the above-mentioned. A characteristic calculation means for calculating the visual characteristics of the lens purchaser from the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser, and a lens design means for reflecting the visual characteristics of the lens purchaser on the lens shape of the lens of the lens purchaser. It is provided with a spectacle lens design system and a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a spectacle lens using the design data by the spectacle lens design system.
Thereby, it is possible to provide a spectacle lens supply system for manufacturing a spectacle lens having specifications more suitable for the characteristics of the lens purchaser. In the design system, the relationship between the cognitive characteristics of a large number of people and the lens shape is calculated in advance using a database, equations, etc., and the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser and the database, equations, etc. are used for optimization calculation or the like. It is preferable to calculate the sag amount and the like and reflect it in the lens shape. A model in which the relationship between the cognitive characteristics and the lens shape is learned in advance by machine learning or the like may be created, and the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser may be applied to the model.
Further, as a 22nd means, in the spectacle lens supply system according to the 21st means, the characteristic acquisition means is carried out at an optician store, and when an order is placed from the optician store to a lens maker, the lens purchaser The cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser are transmitted as lens ordering information together with the power information.
As a result, when the characteristic acquisition means is implemented at an optician, the cognitive characteristics of the purchaser can be reflected in the lens manufactured by the lens manufacturer.
Further, as the 23rd means, in any of the spectacle lens supply systems described in the 21st to 22nd means, the characteristic acquisition means is carried out at the optician shop, and the optician shop sends the lens manufacturer to the lens maker. At the time of ordering, the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser are transmitted as lens ordering information together with the power information of the lens purchaser.
As a result, when the characteristic acquisition means is implemented at an optician, the characteristics of the purchaser's appearance can be reflected in the lens manufactured by the lens manufacturer. In addition, when ordering or delivering a lens at an optician, the optician can explain the characteristics of the appearance to the lens purchaser, which can enhance the satisfaction of the lens purchaser.
Further, as the 24th means, in the spectacle lens supply system according to the 23rd means, a preference coefficient (hereinafter referred to as a visibility preference coefficient) is calculated as a characteristic of the appearance of the lens purchaser, and the order is made. The appearance preference coefficient is now transmitted as lens ordering information.
As a result, when the characteristic acquisition means is implemented at an optician, the purchaser's appearance preference coefficient can be reflected in the lens manufactured by the lens manufacturer. In addition, by transmitting the appearance preference coefficient as lens ordering information, it becomes possible to specifically grasp the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser at the time of ordering, manufacturing, and delivering the lens. In addition, when ordering a lens at an optician, the optician can explain the characteristics of appearance to the lens purchaser as a preference coefficient.

Here, the "spatial frequency" is the fineness of the stripes in the image, and is expressed by the number of stripes per unit length. In the evaluation of the visual system, the definition is often used based on the number of stripes per degree of vision. If the interval between stripes is w degrees, the frequency u = 1 / w (cycles / degree, cpd). Further, in image evaluation and the like, the unit length may be meters (m) or millimeters (mm), and the number of stripes per meter may be the spatial frequency. Further, for example, when displaying on a display, for example, the spatial frequencies are compared by the number of stripes included in the display width of 30 cm, the case where the number is small is the low spatial frequency, and the case where the number is large is the high spatial frequency. Sometimes expressed.
In the present invention, as long as it has a spatial frequency, it may be an image projected on a monitor such as a paper, a screen, or a television-CRT, regardless of whether it is a real image or a virtual image. It may be projected onto the space by a head-mounted display, a head-up display, or augmented reality technology.
For example, FIG. 1A is a case where 6 stripes are displayed on a display screen having a vertical width of 30 cm, and FIG. 1C is a case where 80 stripes are displayed on a screen of the same size.
The spatial frequency is typically grayscale, but can be arranged by using different colors such as red, blue, and green. Further, although FIG. 1 is a figure of horizontal stripes, it may be vertical stripes or diagonal stripes. It may be displayed on the full screen, or may be displayed in a circular or elliptical shape, for example. In that case, it is preferable to multiply the spatial frequency image by a sine function or a cosine function to display it.

The "spatial frequency characteristic" is what kind of characteristic (transmission characteristic) the entire system to be evaluated including the optical system has with respect to a certain spatial frequency. Real-world images can also be thought of as a composite of various spatial frequencies. Therefore, it is preferable that the spatial frequency characteristics are obtained for a plurality of spatial frequencies. The spatial frequency characteristics of the system to be evaluated can be calculated by separating the actual video or image into each frequency component by Fourier transform or the like and calculating the transmission characteristics for each of the separated spatial frequencies.
As a method for determining the spatial frequency characteristics, for example, there is a concept called MTF (Modulation Transfer Function). For example, it is a typical one used for evaluating the transmission characteristics (performance) of a lens / optical system of a camera or the like. In general, information deteriorates when passing through the lens / optical system. Therefore, for each frequency component, it is evaluated how much the result of transmitting the information before transmission through the lens / optical system deteriorates. For example, the horizontal axis is the spatial frequency, and the vertical axis is the information retention rate. For the retention rate of information, for example, contrast is used. That is, the characteristics of the system including the optical system will be described using the sensitivity of a certain image A to contrast as an index. The contrast of the image A is indicated by (maximum brightness-minimum brightness) / (maximum brightness + minimum brightness). For example, when using 256 levels of black and white information, when a sine wave with a certain spatial frequency having an amplitude of white (255) and black (0) (that is, an amplitude of 255) is input, the image is deteriorated by the lens / optical system. As a result, it is assumed that a sine wave having an amplitude of white (230) and black (20) (that is, an amplitude of 210) is obtained. In that case, the contrast is 0.82. By calculating the spatial frequency characteristics of each spatial frequency of a plurality of images in this way, the imaging performance of the lens / optical system can be evaluated. In the present invention, the spatial frequency characteristics of a system including a human visual system are obtained.

Acquiring the cognitive characteristics (cognitive characteristics) of the subject (lens purchaser) with respect to the spatial frequency will be described.
As described above, it is easy to objectively obtain the spatial frequency characteristics of a lens / optical system such as a camera by MTF, but it is difficult to acquire the spatial frequency characteristics of a person by the same method while ensuring the objectivity. It is not that the spatial frequency characteristics of a person need to be measured only by the eyeball, but it is possible to evaluate including how the information input to the eyeball is actually recognized (recognized) by the human brain. Because it is important. Therefore, in the evaluation of lenses and optical systems such as cameras, the evaluation is simply based on the deterioration characteristics of the imaging state with respect to the input information (images, etc.), but in the case of humans, the cognitive characteristics of the subject for each spatial frequency are evaluated. Will be done. That is, obtaining the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency obtains the spatial frequency characteristics of the subject.
For the subject's cognition, the state of imaging of the image incident on the eyeball on the retina (eyeball optical system) and the information converted into electrical signals by the retina are input to the visual cortex of the cerebral via the lateral geniculate nucleus. After that, both the postretinal nervous system (retinal to cerebral nervous system) recognized in the higher brain area are involved. In order to acquire the cognitive state of these subjects, the method is not limited, but specifically, the following method is adopted.
First, it is necessary for the subject to visually recognize the image and recognize the spatial frequency. This is done, for example, at an optician. In that case, what is displayed on paper or a screen may be presented, but it is practical to perform it on a display screen of a computer device, for example, a stimulus screen presentation display. The stimulation screen display is a display for a monitor for a PC, a tablet, a smartphone, or the like, but a liquid crystal screen for a visual acuity test or the like can also be used. It can also be projected onto space using a head-mounted display, head-up display, or augmented reality technology.
In order for the subject to visually recognize the image and recognize the spatial frequency, for example, a plurality of types of images in which the spatial frequency is changed as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C are prepared, and the images are randomly presented before, after, or after presentation. Immediately after the biological reaction (reaction of biological information) is recorded. The plurality of images may be different or the same. Further, it may be one that changes continuously with time or one that does not change. If it is a stimulus screen presentation display, the presentation timing is controlled by a control means of a computer device, and the presentation timing and the recorded biological reaction are time-synchronized. It is preferable that the presentation is performed a plurality of times for each index, and it is preferable that the biological reactions measured by the presentations a plurality of times are subjected to baseline processing to obtain an average waveform. As for the recording of the biological reaction, the transient reaction may be recorded, or the steady-sate reaction may be recorded. The biological reaction may be the magnitude of the activity or the temporal change (latent or phase) of the activity. Arrangement of those reaction acquisition methods is free.

In order to record the biological reaction, it is preferable to combine a reaction acquisition device for recording the biological reaction for acquiring the cognitive state of the subject at the same time when the image is visually observed.
As a reaction acquisition device, for example, the time recognized by a subject with a push button (speed of recognition) is recorded, and when recording a brain reaction, an electroencephalogram (EEG) or a magnetoencephalogram (MEG) is used. , Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), etc. are preferable. Record myocardiogram (eg, corrugator supercilii myoelectric potential), eye movement-related indicators (ocular potential (EOG), blinking eye movement, vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), visual eye reaction), and pupil diameter , Blink, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, sweating, pulse wave, oxygen saturation, perfusion index (PI value) and the like may be recorded. Further, the image acquired by the infrared camera may be analyzed and measured as, for example, a temperature change on the face surface.
These reaction acquisition devices use, for example, the speed of reaction (the faster the recognition is), the magnitude of the reaction (the larger the change, the easier the recognition), the change in the reaction (the larger the change, the larger the difference in recognition), and the like. It is possible to numerically indicate whether the spatial frequency image is strongly perceived by the subject or not.
2A and 2B are examples of the cognitive characteristics of the subject acquired by the reaction acquisition device. The horizontal axis is 9 types of spatial frequencies arranged at equal intervals in the order of the number of stripes, the vertical axis is the spatial frequency that is easy to recognize, and the spatial frequency that is most easily recognized is 1. Such a "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" can be created by all the above reaction acquisition devices.
In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the number of stripes per 33.4 degrees of viewing angle is shown on the horizontal axis, and the left side of the graph is the low spatial frequency and the right side of the graph is the high spatial frequency. The vertical axis shows the ease of recognition of each spatial frequency (the magnitude of the reaction) as a relative value with the magnitude of the spatial frequency reaction that maximizes the measured value objectively measured by biometric measurement as 1. .. For example, in the subject A shown in FIG. 2A, it can be seen that 36 spatial frequencies per 33.4 degrees, that is, a spatial frequency of 1.1 cpd is most easily recognized. It can be seen that in subject B of FIG. 2B, 96 spatial frequencies per 33.4 degrees, that is, a spatial frequency of 2.9 cpd is most easily recognized. In this way, the spatial frequency (first spatial frequency peak) that is most easily recognized by the individual subject can be calculated from the spatial frequency distribution map. What is important here is that subject A does not see high spatial frequencies as compared to subject B, but subject A has the characteristic that 1.1 cpd is most visible, and subject B has the characteristic that 2.9 cpd is most visible. That's what it means. Generally, a blurred image is an image having many low spatial frequency components. That is, the subject A has a characteristic that the blurred object can be seen better than the subject B. By acquiring the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency and analyzing the cognitive characteristics in this way, it becomes possible to design, manufacture, and provide lenses suitable for the subjects A and B, respectively.

The "bimodality of the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency", which is important in relating the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency and the lens design found in the present invention, will be described below.

In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the cognitive characteristics of two people were obtained, and the distribution of the spatial frequency (first spatial frequency peak) that was most easily recognized (recognized) by a larger number of people was verified. That is FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the results obtained by brain wave experiments for the number distribution of the spatial frequency (first spatial frequency peak) that was most easily recognized for 31 subjects. For example, the number of people who were most likely to recognize the 96 conditions was 6/31. In this way, it can be seen that there are individual differences in the ease with which subtle spatial frequencies can be recognized. The condition of 96 subjects was 2.9 cpd, and the subjects with high spatial frequencies of about 3 cpd (64, 80, 96, 128, 160) were 19/31, which is a total of 6 subjects. It is about a percentage. On the other hand, the number of subjects whose low spatial frequencies of about 1 cpd or less (12, 24, 36) were most easily recognized was 10/31, which is about 30% of the total. This shows the importance of measuring and calculating the cognitive characteristics with respect to spatial frequency.
Here, it should be noted that the number distribution in FIG. 3 is not a normal distribution, but is bimodal with 24 (0.7 cpd) and 96 (2.9 cpd) vertices. FIG. 3 shows the distribution of the number of people (histogram) of the first spatial frequency peak, but the fact that the distribution is bimodal rather than a normal distribution means that the individual difference of the first spatial frequency peak is simply It shows that there are at least "two important factors" in the cognitive mechanism for spatial frequency, not the variation in individual characteristic values or the variation in measurement. That is, in order to reflect the visual characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) obtained from the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency in the lens design, it is preferable to combine each of these two important elements with the elements of the optical design of the lens. You can see that.

The present inventor has verified the "two important elements" of the cognitive mechanism for spatial frequency in more detail by calculating the cognitive characteristics for spatial frequency using a magnetoencephalogram (magnetoencephalogram). Magnetoencephalography was measured using a 306-channel whole-head magnetoencephalogram. This magnetoencephalograph consists of a 102-channel magnetometer and a 204-channel (102 pair) gladiometer, and by measuring the RSS value of the gladiometer pair, the activity of the brain region close to the gladiometer is accurate. Can be analyzed well. That is, the mechanism of cognitive characteristics with respect to spatial frequency in the brain can be analyzed by using magnetoencephalography.
4A and 4B are the results of measuring the cognitive characteristics of subject A and subject B for different spatial frequencies using a magnetoencephalogram. Each graph in FIG. 4 shows the activity of the brain region near the sensor of the magnetoencephalograph being measured. The horizontal axis is nine types of spatial frequencies arranged at equal intervals in the order of the number of stripes, and the vertical axis is the RSS value (unit: fT ² / cm ² ) of the power value of the gladiometer pair measured by the magnetoencephalogram.
For example, in subject A of FIG. 4A, the sensor of M1922 / 1923 recorded the largest response under the condition of 36 (1.1 cpd). It can be seen that neurons that show a large response to a spatial frequency of 1.1 cpd are gathered in the brain region measured by this sensor. On the other hand, with the M2112 / 2113 sensor, the largest response was recorded under the condition of 96 sensors (2.9 cpd). It can be seen that neurons that show a large response to the spatial frequency of 2.9 cpd are gathered in the brain region recorded by this sensor.
Here, the spatial frequency of the neuron showing the largest response is referred to as the first spatial frequency peak, and the spatial frequency of the neuron showing the second largest response is referred to as the second spatial frequency peak. In subject A, 36 (1.1 cpd) are the first spatial frequency peaks and 96 (2.9 cpd) are the second spatial frequency peaks. In subject B of FIG. 4B, 128 (3.8 cpd) recorded by the sensor of M2112 / 2113 was the first spatial frequency peak, and 48 (1.4 cpd) recorded by the sensor of M2032 / 2033. It is the second spatial frequency peak.

Here, both subject A and subject B have a brain area that responds to a spatial frequency near 1 cpd and a brain area that responds to a spatial frequency near 3 cpd. Then, in subject A, the activity of the brain area that responds to the spatial frequency near 1 cpd is large, and in subject B, the activity of the brain area that responds to the spatial frequency near 3 cpd is large. That is, it is common that there is a group of neurons that responds well to the spatial frequency near 1 cpd and a group of neurons that responds well to the spatial frequency near 3 cpd, and in subject A, the group of neurons that responds well to the spatial frequency near 1 cpd is more active. It can be understood that it is easy to recognize the low spatial frequency because the frequency is large, and it is easy for the subject B to recognize the high spatial frequency because the activity of the neuron group that responds well to the spatial frequency near 3 cpd is larger.
In the inventor's examination, the cognitive characteristics of many subjects were similar, and there were a group of neurons that responded well to spatial frequencies near 1 cpd and a group of neurons that responded well to spatial frequencies near 3 cpd. The result was that the expression intensity of the neuron group was different. In addition, in some subjects, the neuron group was not confirmed as two, but was confirmed as one peak near 2 cpd. This is because the activity of either neuron group is extremely low. As a result of the two activities being close to each other, they are superimposed, and can be understood as one form of bimodality.
FIG. 3 will be verified again. The number distribution in FIG. 3 is not a normal distribution, but is bimodal with 24 (0.7 cpd) and 96 (2.9 cpd) vertices. FIG. 3 is inferred from FIGS. 4A and 4B, "Human cognition of spatial frequencies includes a group of neurons that respond well to low spatial frequencies and a group of neurons that responds well to high spatial frequencies, and these two neurons depend on the subject. The difference in the expression intensity of the groups determines the cognitive characteristics for spatial frequency. "

From the above results, it is possible to acquire the second most recognizable spatial frequency (second spatial frequency peak) in addition to the most recognizable spatial frequency (first spatial frequency peak) as the cognitive characteristic for the spatial frequency. It turns out to be useful.
For example, in subject B of FIG. 2B, the first spatial frequency peak is 96 (2.9 cpd) and the second spatial frequency peak is 48 (1.4 cpd). Further, at this time, it is preferable to acquire the peak values of the ease of recognition of the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak together. For example, in FIG. 2B, the first spatial frequency peak is 1, and the second spatial frequency peak is 0.88. At this time, it is better to separate the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak for each component as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, and calculate the peak value for ease of recognition. In this way, the acquisition of the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak was examined by the inventor, and the cognitive characteristics were observed as bimodal. It is based on the knowledge that it is possible to calculate the preference of how to see through the spectacle lens.
Here, the cognitive characteristics of the spatial frequency are not limited to the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak, but the horizontal axis is the spatial frequency and the vertical axis is the ease of recognition at each spatial frequency (information). It is preferable to use the "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" as the maintenance rate). Information can be dimensionally compressed by making the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak, but if the spatial frequency distribution map is used, more characteristic information on the appearance of individuals is included. Is.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, it is preferable that there are about 9 types of spatial frequencies because the “cognitive characteristic diagram of spatial frequencies” can be recorded in detail. However, if there are too many types of spatial frequencies, it will take extra measurement time, and if there are too few types, sufficient information cannot be obtained.
The cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency are not limited, but can be acquired by, for example, the following (A) to (D).
(A) Acquire the first spatial frequency peak (B) Acquire the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak (C) Acquire the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak for each component. (D) Acquire a spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram Depending on how the acquired spatial frequency cognitive characteristics are used (that is, how much information is reflected in the lens design), the stimulation screen The presentation method and the type of stimulation screen will change. For example
In the case of (A), it is preferable to compare at least two kinds of spatial frequencies and calculate the first spatial frequency peak. At that time, it is preferable to compare about 0.5 to 1.5 cpd and about 3 to 4 cpd. Further, for example, the spatial frequency may be gradually increased from the low spatial frequency, and the spatial frequency in which the largest biological reaction is recorded may be set as the first spatial frequency peak.
In the case of (B), it is good to record at least two kinds of spatial frequency peaks, and further, it is good to compare at least three kinds of spatial frequencies. For example, in the case of two types, it is preferable to compare the spatial frequency conditions of about 0.5 to 1.5 cpd and about 3 to 4 cpd, and in the case of three types, further, about 1.8 to 2.3 cpd. .. More preferably, a total of about 6 types of spatial frequencies (or 5 types sharing an intermediate spatial frequency) are acquired, 3 types centered on 1 cpd as low spatial frequencies and 3 types centered on 3 cpd as high spatial frequencies. It is good to compare.
In the case of (C), since it is necessary to separate each spatial frequency component, it is preferable to acquire and compare 5 to 6 types or more, preferably about 8 to 9 types of spatial frequencies.
In the case of (D), it is preferable to acquire and compare about 4 to 10 kinds of spatial frequencies.
By selecting the type of spatial frequency in this way and acquiring the cognitive characteristics for the spatial frequency, it is possible to obtain the necessary information on the characteristics of the appearance while minimizing the burden of measurement on the subject (lens purchaser). become able to.

Also, acquisition of cognitive traits is not limited to recording biological reactions.
For example, a fixed viewpoint is presented, the spatial frequency is presented in vertical stripes and horizontal stripes, a button is pressed in the case of horizontal stripes, and the reaction speed from the image presentation at that time is recorded in milliseconds. Since the button presses vary, it is preferable to perform the measurement as many times as the measurement time and the tiredness of the subject allow, and it is preferable to measure at least 10 times under each condition. In this way, the reaction speed becomes high at the spatial frequency that is easily recognized, so that the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency can be recorded.
In addition, a subjective report may be used instead of recording a biological reaction or pressing a button.
In this case, for example, an image in which the contrast is changed to 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% for each spatial frequency is created, and the contrast that can be identified at each spatial frequency is investigated by subjective declaration. For example, if only 100% contrast can be recognized at a certain spatial frequency, it is difficult to recognize, and if it can be recognized even at 40% contrast, it is easy to recognize. It is advisable to take the reciprocal of the smallest contrast that can be identified to make it easier to recognize. Alternatively, a method such as creating a special chart in which the spatial frequency changes continuously and designating a limit at which the spatial frequency can be visually identified may be used.
Here, in the case of such a subjective report, there is an advantage that it is simple in that a dedicated measuring device is not required, but the variation in measurement is large and the measurement also takes time. Therefore, it is realistic to measure about four kinds of spatial frequencies, and it is particularly advantageous to use biometric measurement when acquiring cognitive characteristics for six or more kinds of spatial frequencies.

Next, a method of reflecting the information on the cognitive characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) with respect to the spatial frequency in the lens design will be described. In the prior art, it is not known how the cognitive characteristics for spatial frequencies should be reflected in the lens design. In order to reflect the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency in the lens design, the visual characteristics of the subject are calculated as the preference coefficient from the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency, and the parameters of the lens design are adjusted by the "preference coefficient of the visual characteristics". Or optimize. The preference coefficient of the visual characteristics of the subject is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, "blurring preference coefficient", "distortion preference coefficient", "blurring-distortion preference coefficient", or the like.
Hereinafter, as an example, a method of calculating the preference coefficient of appearance from the above FIGS. 4A and 4B and reflecting it in the lens design will be described.
First, regarding the first spatial frequency peak, the difference between subject A in FIG. 4A and subject B in FIG. 4B will be considered. Subject A has 36 first spatial frequency peaks (1.1 cpd), and subject B has 128 first spatial frequency peaks (3.8 cpd). From this, the subject B has a characteristic that the high spatial frequency (that is, a fine image) can be seen well (the focus is visible), and conversely, the subject A has a characteristic that the low spatial frequency (that is, a coarse image) can be seen well (the focus is). It can be seen that it is a characteristic.
When this is reflected in the lens design, for example, in the subject A, since it is a characteristic that the coarse image is in focus, it is preferable to add an aberration to the ideal design so as to intentionally shift the focus. Aberration is the deviation of the image plane with respect to the ideal image plane. By intentionally adding aberrations to the ideal design, it usually becomes difficult to see well, but in the case of subject A, which has a characteristic that low spatial frequencies can be seen well, an appropriate amount of aberration is given. The lens you have will look better than the ideally designed lens. Examples of the aberration applied in such a case include curvature of field (power error) and spherical aberration. Further, since the subject B has a characteristic of focusing on a fine image, it is preferable to provide the product with an ideal design as much as possible. That is, it is better that the aberration added to the ideal design is small. It is preferable to set an appropriate amount of the aberration added for intentionally shifting the focus as described above by the "preference coefficient of the appearance characteristic" calculated from the cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency. For example, in this case, since it is the deviation of focus, that is, the preference coefficient for the "blurring" of the image, it is preferable to use the "blurring preference coefficient".

Here, the existing technology for lens design will be described. It is known that there is a trade-off between "blurring" and "distortion" in the design of spectacle lenses. In a single focus lens, by changing the aspherical sag and the lens surface curve, it is possible to make a design that emphasizes "blurring" or a design that emphasizes "distortion". Generally, "distortion" can be reduced by deepening the front curve. In addition, "blurring" has an appropriate amount of aspherical surface, and the image will be "blurred" regardless of whether the amount of aspherical surface (aspherical sag) is larger or smaller than the appropriate amount of aspherical surface.
Further, in the case of a progressive power lens, for example, it can be designed to emphasize "blurring" in the aberration concentration design and to emphasize "distortion" in the aberration dispersion design. "Blur" and "distortion" can be emphasized, for example, it is easy to design the distance and near parts with different design policies. The distance part emphasizes "blurring" and the near part emphasizes "distortion". It can also be emphasized. Further, in the case of a progressive power lens, it is possible to adjust the emphasis on "blurring" and the emphasis on "distortion" by changing the base aspherical surface without changing the progressive surface.

Here, let us consider the spatial frequency and "blurring" again.
When the cognitive (recognition) ability for high spatial frequencies is high, it means that it is highly sensitive to fine images (sharp images), so it is sensitive to "blurring". At this time, even a slight "blurring" is recognized as "blurring". When the cognitive ability for low spatial frequencies is high, it means that it is highly sensitive to coarse images (blurred images), so it is sensitive to being "sharp". In such a case, the appearance that is too sharp for the subject tends to lead to a sense of discomfort. Therefore, for example, when the cognitive ability for high spatial frequencies is high, the "blurring preference coefficient" is small (close to 0), and when the cognitive ability for low spatial frequencies is high, the "blurring preference coefficient" is large (1). Close).
Next, consider spatial frequency and "distortion".
In information processing in the brain, the parts of the brain involved in the movement, shaking, and distortion of objects are gradually being understood. For example, MT area (fifth visual cortex) and parietal association area. Naturally, the preference of "distortion" may be reflected in the lens design by using information from such a relatively high-order brain region, but it is necessary to perform a measurement different from the measurement of the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency. Come out. Therefore, the inventor conducted various studies and found a relationship between low spatial frequency and "distortion preference".
First, let us consider what it means to have high recognition ability for low spatial frequencies. Lateral inhibition is also associated with recognition of low spatial frequencies, but what is important is that cells that recognize low spatial frequencies have a "large receptive field" as opposed to cells that recognize high spatial frequencies. That is, the point is that cells that recognize low spatial frequencies have a large physical area of the receptive field. Shake / distortion does not occur at one point in the image, but is determined by the relationship between two adjacent points. Therefore, if the receptive field is large, it is considered to be highly sensitive and sensitive to "distortion". Information processing in the brain has not been completely elucidated even with simple information such as "distortion", but the fact that the receiving area is large at low spatial frequencies is the secondary visual cortex in the visual information processing process. As information is transmitted to the tertiary visual cortex, the fifth visual cortex, and the parietal association area, it is considered to be related to the recognition of "distortion".

More specifically, a method of calculating the "preference coefficient of the appearance characteristic" from the cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency will be described. The following is a calculation example and is not limited.
For example
(1) Calculation method of "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" From the low spatial frequency peak value height and the high spatial frequency peak value height
"Blur / distortion preference coefficient" = low spatial frequency peak value height / (low spatial frequency peak value height + high spatial frequency peak value height) ... (Equation 1)
Is calculated. This "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" adjusts the emphasis on "blurring" and the emphasis on "distortion".
At this time, the "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" is a value of 0 to 1, and when it is 1, "distortion" is completely emphasized (design to improve distortion), and when it is 0, "blurring" is completely emphasized (improving blur). Design).
Further, although the above-mentioned "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" uses the height of the peak value, it may be further corrected by the peak value. For example, when the peak value of the low spatial frequency is 0.5 cpd as compared with the case of 2 cpd, the "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" is corrected slightly larger.
(2) Calculation method of "blurring preference coefficient" The "blurring preference coefficient" is calculated from the first spatial frequency peak.
For example, it is assumed that the spatial frequency characteristics of Amin (cpd) to Amax (cpd) are measured and the first spatial frequency peak is A1 (cpd). then,
"Blur preference coefficient" = (Amax − A1) / (Amax − Amin) ・ ・ ・ (Equation 2)
And. When the blur preference coefficient = 0, it indicates that the sensitivity to blur is high. At this time, the design should be "blurred" and ideal.
When the blur preference coefficient = 1, it indicates that the sensitivity to blur is low and "blurring" is less likely to be noticed. At this time, if it is "blurred", it will look good. At this time, for example, the design may have more curvature of field than the ideal design. Note that Amin, Amax, and A1 may be calculated as a logarithmic scale.
(3) Calculation method of "distortion preference coefficient" The "distortion preference coefficient" is calculated from the first spatial frequency peak.
For example, it is assumed that the spatial frequency characteristics of Amin (cpd) to Amax (cpd) are measured and the first spatial frequency peak is A2 (cpd). then,
"Distortion preference coefficient" = (Amax − A2) / (Amax − Amin) ・ ・ ・ (Equation 3)
And. When the distortion preference coefficient = 0, it indicates that the sensitivity to distortion is high. At this time, the design should be "distortion-oriented". For example, if the curve is deepened, the distortion can be reduced (the design emphasizes the distortion). Therefore, in the case of S-4.00D, when the distortion preference coefficient = 0.5, the normal curve (2 curves). , When the distortion preference coefficient = 0.8, a deep curve (3 curves) is set, and when the distortion preference coefficient = 0.2, a shallow curve (1 curve) is set.
Further, when the distortion preference coefficient = 1, it is shown that the sensitivity to distortion is low, that is, "distortion" is less likely to be noticed.
In Equations 2 and 3, the “blurring preference coefficient” and the “distortion preference coefficient” are in a trade-off relationship. Therefore, determining the preference coefficient in this way is compatible with the trade-off relationship between "blurring" and "distortion" in lens design. However, although "blurring" and "distortion" are trade-offs in lens design technology, the dimensions of aberration are originally different. Therefore, it is more preferable to calculate the "blurring preference coefficient" and the "distortion preference coefficient" by separate formulas and correct each of them. For example, the distortion preference coefficient may be calculated using the peak heights of the first spatial frequency peak and the second spatial frequency peak as in Equation 1, and the blur preference coefficient may be calculated using Equation 2. As described in Equation 1, the preference coefficient may be corrected. In that case, it is better to set different correction values for the blur preference coefficient and the distortion preference coefficient.
The reduction of distortion can be achieved by deepening the curve as described above, taking the aspherical design as an example, but it can also be achieved by increasing the amount of aspherical sag. The amount of "distortion" can be adjusted by known design techniques.

In the present invention, more specifically, for example, the base spherical design or the progressive design is corrected based on the result of analysis as a result of the cognitive characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) (the preference coefficient of appearance). It is designed to calculate the sag amount of the above, or to add the sag value designed by correcting the target value of the automatic design from the preference coefficient. The lens is manufactured, for example, by the following specific process shown in FIG. 7.
(A) First step (step of acquiring cognitive characteristics with respect to spatial frequency)
The above cognitive characteristics are generally acquired by a subject who is a lens purchaser measuring at an optician or the like. The acquired cognitive characteristics are immediately converted into a "appearance preference coefficient" by a calculation means such as a personal computer, a tablet, or a smartphone. This preference coefficient (preference characteristic value) is used to explain to the lens purchaser the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser and the lens characteristics expected to be preferable.
(B) Second process (lens ordering process)
Next, when the lens purchaser decides to purchase the lens, the "viewing preference coefficient" is sent to the spectacle lens manufacturer through means such as the Internet, telephone, WEB, and online communication, and other eye information, frame information, and fitting. The lens will be ordered along with the information. At this time, instead of the "appearance preference coefficient", the cognitive characteristics for the spatial frequency acquired in the first step are transmitted to the spectacle lens maker, and the spectacle maker calculates the "visual preference coefficient". May be good.
In addition to the process of acquiring cognitive characteristics, the prescription power of the spectacle wearer (S power, C power, addition degree if it is a progressive power lens), the refractive power of the lens material, the lens curve, the thickness of the lens center thickness / lens edge thickness, etc. Specified items, lens diameter, interpupillary distance, apical distance, near-inward alignment amount, far object point distance, near object point distance, progressive band length in progressive power lens, forward tilt angle of frame, tilt angle of frame, It is also a process in which the manufacturer (lens maker) receives wearing data such as frame shape information and designation of a light passing point (or downward rotation angle) below the lens.

(C) Third step (selection step of basic lens information)
Thickness specification items such as prescription power, refractive index of lens material, lens center thickness / lens edge thickness, lens curve, lens diameter, frame forward tilt angle, frame tilt angle, frame, etc., which were notified to the eyeglass lens manufacturer in the second step. This is a process of determining the front surface curve shape and the back surface curve shape, the center thickness, the lens diameter, the amount of prism, and the base direction of the prism based on the lens shape and the like.
(D) Fourth process (design process)
The aspherical sag amount and the progressive sag amount are determined by using the basic lens information set in the third step and the "appearance preference coefficient" in the second step. The determination of the aspherical sag amount and the progressive sag amount is not particularly limited to the method, but for example, when the "blurring preference coefficient" is used as the appearance preference coefficient, the ideal sag amount and design as Design 1 are used. A sag amount with blur added is set as 2, and a sag amount that reflects the "blurring preference coefficient" is designed by synthesizing the two designs using the blur preference coefficient. Further, the lens curve determined in the third step is finely adjusted with reference to the distortion preference coefficient.
In this step, the "appearance preference coefficient" calculated from the cognitive characteristics of the subject (lens purchaser) can be reflected in the lens design, and the sag amount and the lens curve can be determined. That is, the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser with respect to the spatial frequency can be reflected in the lens design.
The calculation that gives the sag amount is performed by a computer. This design is possible by a known technique. For example, JP-A-2008-299168 for designing an aspherical element of an aspherical lens and JP-A-2009-244600 for designing an aspherical element of a progressive power lens. It is disclosed in.
(E) Fifth step (lens processing step)
Based on the design data obtained in the above design process, the lens material such as a semi-finished blank is processed by a CAM device as a processing device that receives an output from a computer (or is integrated with the computer). By doing so, it is possible to manufacture a lens that reflects the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser with respect to the spatial frequency.
(F) Sixth process (delivery process)
The lenses processed in the lens processing process are delivered to the optician. At this time, it is preferable that the value of the "appearance preference coefficient" is printed on the lens bag or the lens card and bundled with the lens.
(G) Seventh process (glasses assembly process)
It is framed in a frame selected by the lens purchaser and delivered to the lens purchaser. The lens rim cut for inserting the frame into the frame may be carried out at an optician shop or may be carried out by an optician lens maker.

In the present invention, since it is possible to design a lens suitable for the subject based on the difference in cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency, a spectacle lens having specifications more suitable for the characteristics of the lens purchaser is designed and manufactured. Can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide a spectacle lens supply system having specifications that more closely match the characteristics of the lens purchaser.

A to C are explanatory views illustrating screens (images) having spatial frequencies. A is a "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" for explaining the cognitive characteristics of the subject A with respect to the spatial frequency, and B is a "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" for explaining the cognitive characteristics of the subject B with respect to the spatial frequency. The graph explaining the number distribution of the 1st spatial frequency peak. A is a "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" for explaining the cognitive characteristics of subject A with respect to spatial frequency with a magnetoencephalogram, and B is a "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" for explaining the cognitive characteristics of subject B with respect to spatial frequency with a magnetoencephalogram. It is a graph explaining the characteristics of curvature of field and astigmatism of an aspherical lens with respect to subject A. A is a characteristic that emphasizes blur, B is a characteristic that emphasizes distortion, and C considers the cognitive characteristics of subject A. A graph explaining the characteristics. It is a graph explaining the characteristic of the aspherical lens with respect to the subject B, and is the graph explaining the characteristic which considered the cognitive characteristic of the subject B about curvature of field and astigmatism. The figure explaining the manufacturing-manufacturing system of this invention. A is an astigmatism distribution diagram (φ50 mm, 0.50 D step) of the progressive power lens when the distortion preference coefficient is 0.5. B is an astigmatism distribution diagram of a progressive power lens that reflects the cognitive characteristics of subject C with respect to the spatial frequency in the design of the peripheral portion of the lens.

Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described with reference to graphs. The following describes specific examples as an example of the present invention, and does not limit the invention.
<Example 1>
It is assumed that the lens power of the subject A is S-4.50D for both the left and right eyes, and the spectacle lens purchaser orders a single focus aspherical lens. The manufacturing / delivery system of FIG. 7 will be described with reference to the drawings.
(A) First step (step of acquiring cognitive characteristics with respect to spatial frequency)
It is assumed that subject A visits an optician store and the cognitive characteristics for the spatial frequency shown in FIG. 4A are measured. FIG. 4A shows data measured by a large measuring device (magnetoencephalogram) installed in the laboratory. Using brain waves, reaction time, subjective evaluation, etc., "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" has the same tendency. Can be obtained.
The measured "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" of FIG. 4A is analyzed as it is by a personal computer. Subject A's cognitive traits for spatial frequency are:
First spatial frequency peak: 36 (1.1 cpd)
Second spatial frequency peak: 96 (2.9 cpd)
Height of first spatial frequency peak: 2800 (fT ² / cm ² )
Height of second spatial frequency peak: 1200 (fT ² / cm ² )
Is calculated. Here, the “blurring / distortion preference coefficient” is calculated using the above equation (1).
"Blur / distortion preference coefficient" = 2800 / (2800 + 1200) = 0.7
Is calculated.
(B) Second process (lens ordering process)
As ordering information from the optician, the optician lens manufacturer was informed of the subject A's power (S-4.50D for both left and right) and the "blurring / distortion directivity coefficient" of 0.7. An aspheric lens is selected and ordered with the trade name. At this time, the frame information (for example, the spherical shape), the information on the frame wearing state, the apex distance (PD) of the subject A, and the like may be transmitted together.
(C) Third step (selection step of basic lens information)
The spectacle lens manufacturer sets basic information for lens manufacturing from the order information. The power of subject A is S-4.50D for both the left and right lenses, a refractive index of 1.60 material, and an aspherical lens, and is compared with the basic information of the lens set in advance by the spectacle lens manufacturer. The lens curve is set. At this time, it is preferable to set the center thickness of the lens as a target when designing the lens if the lens has a minus power, and set the center thickness of the lens if the lens has a plus power. When the order information includes the lens shape information, the target lens thickness and lens curve are determined in consideration of the lens shape information.
In this example, since the inner aspherical lens is manufactured, the following basic lens conditions are selected.
Surface: 2.0 curve (1.523 conversion)
Back side: 5.9 curve (1.523 conversion)
Center thickness: 1.0 mm
Lens diameter: 75mm
At this time, in order to efficiently perform the aspherical surface design, information that becomes a design starting point (for example, the initial value of the aspherical surface coefficient in the aspherical surface design) at the time of the aspherical surface design is also selected. May be good.

(D) Fourth process (design process)
The lens manufacturer designs the lens based on the "blurring / distortion directivity coefficient" acquired in the second process and the basic lens information set in the third process. This step is a step of calculating the amount of sag added to the basic shape of the lens set in the third step. Since this embodiment is an inner aspherical lens, the amount of sag added to the back surface is calculated.
An example of applying the "blurring / distortion directivity coefficient" acquired in the second step to the lens design will be described.
First, let us assume that the ideal aspherical surface design at the time of S-4.50D is shown in FIG. 5A. FIG. 5A is a design in which the curvature of field is set to 0 on the entire surface of the lens, but it is a design for the description of the present invention in the specification, and is not necessarily an optimum design in practice. In FIG. 5, dark colors indicate astigmatism and light colors indicate curvature of field.
FIG. 5A is a design when the ideal design is such that the curvature of field is zero on the entire surface. This is a design when "blurring / distortion preference coefficient" = 0, that is, "focusing on blurring".
FIG. 5B is a “distortion-oriented” design with respect to FIG. 5A. Compared with FIG. 5A, it can be seen that an aspherical sag is excessively added in the peripheral portion of the lens, and the distortion is emphasized.
It is preferable for the spectacle lens maker to set the design information (design data) as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B in advance for each lens power in order to reduce the design cost at the time of lens manufacturing. Such design information is set by the amount of sag added to the basic lens information, the aspherical coefficient, the direction of curvature change and curvature change at each design point of the lens, the prism change at each design point of the lens, the base direction of the prism, and the like. can do. It can also be designed as a design target value. In this example, the design target value of the curvature of field in FIG. 5A is set to 0.
Since the "blurring / distortion directivity coefficient" acquired in the second step is 0.7, based on the design of FIGS. 5A and 5B,
Lens sag amount that reflects the blur / distortion directional coefficient = (1-Blur / distortion directional coefficient) × Sag amount for blur-oriented design + Blur / distortion directional coefficient × Sag amount for distortion-oriented design ・ ・ ・ Equation 4
The amount of sag of the lens that reflects the blur / distortion directivity coefficient is calculated by the formula. Here, the blur / distortion directivity coefficient = 0.7 is substituted into the above equation 4 to design the aspherical sag amount to be added to the basic lens condition. The design result lens has the lens performance as shown in FIG. 5C. Here, as is clear from FIGS. 5A to 5C, the absolute value of the sag amount added in the aspherical design is small at the center of the lens (0 in this example) and large at the periphery of the lens. That is, by applying the "blurring / distortion directivity coefficient" obtained from the cognitive characteristics of the subject A to the spatial frequency to the lens design, the shape of the peripheral portion of the lens can be matched with the information of the characteristics of the appearance of the subject A.
Here, for example, a design example in the case where the subject B having the cognitive characteristic for the spatial frequency of FIG. 4B is the lens purchaser is supplemented. It is assumed that the subject B also has the same left and right lens power as the subject A. In that case, from FIG. 4B, in subject B, “blurring / distortion directivity coefficient” = 0.3. The design that reflects the “blurring / distortion directivity coefficient” of subject B in the lens design is as shown in FIG. By doing so, it is possible to design a lens that matches the characteristics of the individual's appearance from the information on the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency for subjects with the same refractive power (S-4.50D for both the left and right eyes in this example). ..
When changing the lens curve to change the degree of distortion, it is preferable to correct the lens curve selected in the third step in the fourth step. For example, in subject A, since the blur / distortion preference coefficient is 0.7, the lens curve is made slightly deeper, and the basic lens information is changed from 2.0 curve to 2.5 curve. In subject B, since the blur / distortion preference coefficient is 0.3, the lens curve is corrected to 1.5 curve. In this example, it is assumed that the lens curve is also corrected.
(E) Fifth step (lens processing step)
The lens curve of the basic lens information set in the 3rd process (if the lens curve is corrected in the 4th process, the correction curve corrected in the 4th process), the lens diameter, the lens back curve, and the 4th The semi-finish lens required for manufacturing the lens is selected from the aspherical sag amount set in the process. In this example, a semi-finish lens having a surface curve of 2.5 curves is selected as the lens of subject A. In the selected semi-finish lens, the front surface of the lens is fixed to a processing jig with an alloy, UV curable resin or the like in a blocking step, and the back surface of the lens is processed by a CAM device or the like to process the shape of the back surface of the lens. At this time, the amount of processing sag on the back surface of the lens is calculated based on the basic information of the back curve of the lens, the amount of aspherical sag added, the amount of correction during processing, and the like, and is output from a computer or the like to a CAM device or the like. By going through this processing process, it is possible to manufacture a lens shape that matches the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser with respect to the spatial frequency.
The lens manufactured in this way is delivered from the spectacle lens manufacturer to the optician in the sixth step (delivery process), and is framed in the frame selected by the lens purchaser in the seventh step (glass frame insertion process). The lens. In this way, the spectacles in which the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser are reflected in the peripheral portion of the aspherical lens are delivered to the lens purchaser.

<Example 2>
A case of designing and manufacturing a spectacle lens in which the visual characteristics of the subject C are reflected in the progressive lens design will be described. Subject C has a visual acuity value of S-3.000D ADD2.00D on both the left and right sides, and is a case where he / she desires a perspective type progressive power lens.
(A) First step (step of acquiring cognitive characteristics with respect to spatial frequency)
It is assumed that a distant "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" of subject C is obtained at an optician as shown in FIG. 2A. Further, although the figure is not shown, it is assumed that the "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagram" in the vicinity of the subject C is obtained in the same manner.
Here, the distant and near "spatial frequency cognitive characteristic diagrams" can be measured by presenting an index stimulus at the distance and using a biological measurement means such as electroencephalogram measurement. In this example, the distant distance is 5 m and the near distance is 40 cm.
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the "distortion preference coefficient" of the subject is obtained. The appearance characteristics of far vision can be determined to be 36 (1.1 cpd) from the first spatial frequency peak in FIG. 2A. Similarly, regarding the appearance characteristics of near vision, it is assumed that the first spatial frequency peak is 128 (3.8 cpd).
"Distortion preference coefficient" = (Amax − A2) / (Amax − Amin) ・ ・ ・ (Equation 3)
Since Amax = 4.8 cpd and Amin = 0.4 cpd, the distant "distortion preference coefficient" of subject C = (4.8-1.1) / (4.8-0.4) = 0. It can be calculated as .84, the near "distortion preference coefficient" = (4.8-3.8) / (4.8-0.4) = 0.22.
(B) Second process (lens ordering process)
Similar to the first embodiment, the spectacle store orders the lens from the optician lens maker. The lens material has a refractive index of 1.7 and is a progressive power lens. In the second embodiment, the distant and near "distortion preference coefficients" are transmitted together with the lens power information of the lens purchaser.
(C) Third step (selection step of basic lens information)
Similar to the first embodiment, the basic lens information is set. In this example, since it is S-3.000D ADD2.00D, the lens curve 3 curve is set. The center thickness is set to 1.0 mm and the lens diameter is set to 75 mm.
(D) Fourth process (design process)
The distant and near "distortion preference coefficients" of subject C (lens purchaser) are applied to the lens design. FIG. 8A is a distribution diagram of astigmatism. In this figure, it is assumed that the "distortion preference coefficient" for distance use and near use is 0.5. This design is used as the basic design and reflected in the "distortion preference coefficient" lens design for distance and near vision.
Since the distance-use "distortion preference coefficient" of subject C is 0.84, it is preferable to increase the distance-use distortion, and since the near-use "distortion preference coefficient" = 0.22, the near-use is used. It turns out that it is preferable to reduce the distortion. FIG. 8B is designed in this way. The design of FIG. 8B has the same power of the distance dioptric power measurement point and the dioptric power of the near dioptric power measurement point as the basic design of FIG. 8A, and the addition curve on the main gaze line is also the same. The astigmatism distribution is dense on the side of the distance portion. Since astigmatism is an astigmatism component, the distortion increases as the amount of change increases. In addition, it can be seen that the clear vision area on the far side is increasing. It can be seen that the astigmatism distribution is sparse (smooth) on the side of the near portion, and the distortion is reduced. By designing in this way, it is possible to reflect the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser in the peripheral design of the progressive lens. The progressive power lens is made by synthesizing an aspherical sag amount and a progressive sag amount with a basic lens curve. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the amount of distortion by changing the aspherical leg amount or changing the lens curve in addition to changing the progressive sag amount as in Example 2. At this time, in order to adjust the amount of distortion for long-distance and near-distance separately, it is preferable to use a vertically asymmetrical aspherical surface or curve change.
The lens designed in this way is delivered to the lens purchaser through a lens processing process, a delivery process, and an eyeglass assembly process.

With the above manufacturing system, it is possible to provide an aspherical lens and a progressive refraction lens in which the appearance characteristics calculated from the cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the lens purchaser are reflected in the design of the peripheral portion of the lens.
The invention of the present application is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment. The components of each of the above-described embodiments and means for solving the problems may be arbitrarily selected and combined. Further, the components of each embodiment are arbitrarily combined with any component described in the means for solving the invention or a component embodying any component described in the means for solving the invention. It is good to configure. In addition, they also have the intention to acquire the rights in the amendment or divisional application of the present application.

Claims (24)

A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. square of the properties have a lens design process to reflect a lens design of a spectacle lens of the subject,
A method for designing a spectacle lens, characterized in that the cognitive characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject acquired in the characteristic acquisition step is set to the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak that is best recognized by the subject. A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. It has a lens design process that reflects the characteristics of the frequency in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
Wherein the characteristic calculation step, a design method of the subject of appearance of eyeglass lenses you characterized in that the characteristics so as to parse calculated from said cognitive characteristic is bimodal. When the cognitive trait is bimodal, the cognitive trait for the subject's spatial frequency is the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak, which is best recognized by the subject, and the second, which is second best recognized. The method for designing a spectacle lens according to claim 2, wherein the spatial frequency is the spatial frequency of the peak. When the cognitive trait is bimodal, the cognitive trait for the subject's spatial frequency is the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak that is best perceived by the subject and the second most perceived second. The method for designing a spectacle lens according to claim 2, wherein the ratio is the ratio of the ease of recognizing the spatial frequency of the spatial frequency peak. A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. It has a lens design process that reflects the characteristics of the frequency in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
Method of designing eyeglass lens you, characterized in that the focus lenses designed either distortion or blur on the basis of the perception characteristic with respect to spatial frequency acquired in the characteristic acquisition step. In recognition characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, when said spatial frequency is likely to be perceived as low, the design method of a spectacle lens according to claim 5, wherein the lens design and to Rukoto with an emphasis on distortion. In recognition characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, when said spatial frequency is likely to be perceived as high, the design method of a spectacle lens according to claim 5, wherein the lens design and to Rukoto with an emphasis on blur. A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. It has a lens design process that reflects the characteristics of the frequency in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
And the peak value of the cognitive characteristics for low spatial frequencies of the subject, and to so that adjusting the distortion amount or blur in the lens design of the subject based on at least one of the peak values of cognitive characteristics for high spatial frequency method of designing eyeglass lens you wherein a. A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. It has a lens design process that reflects the characteristics of the frequency in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
In recognition characteristic with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, it characterized in that recognized easily spatial frequency so as to change the lens design to reflect depending in the high spatial frequency range or in the low spatial frequency region eyeglass lens Design method. A characteristic acquisition step of making a subject visually observe different spatial frequencies to acquire cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency of the subject, a characteristic calculation step of calculating the visual characteristics of the subject from the cognitive characteristics of the subject, and the appearance of the subject. It has a lens design process that reflects the characteristics of the frequency in the lens design of the subject's spectacle lens.
In the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency, the lens design that reflects the easily perceived spatial frequency depending on whether it is in the low spatial frequency region or the high spatial frequency region is characterized in that the characteristics are opposite to each other . design method of that eye mirror lens. In the characteristic calculation step, the preference coefficients as a characteristic of appearance of the subject and wherein Rukoto is reflected (hereinafter, appearance preferences coefficient) is calculated, the lens design the appearance preference coefficients in the lens design step The method for designing an spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The appearance preference coefficients, blurred preference factor, the design method of a spectacle lens according to claim 1 1, any one or more der wherein Rukoto distortion preference coefficients. The method for designing an spectacle lens according to claim 11 , wherein the appearance preference coefficient is a blur / distortion preference coefficient. The method for designing an spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the cognitive characteristic of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency is the ease of recognition for five or more kinds of spatial frequencies. The spectacles according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the cognitive characteristics of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency include at least cognitive characteristics with respect to the spatial frequency near 1 cpd (cycles / degree) and the spatial frequency near 3 cpd. How to design the lens. The method for designing an spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the cognitive characteristic of the subject with respect to the spatial frequency is acquired by using a predetermined biological reaction of the subject as an index. The method for designing an spectacle lens according to claim 16, wherein the predetermined biological reaction is a brain reaction. The design of the spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein when the spectacle lens is a single focus lens, the visual characteristics of the subject are reflected at a position other than the optical center. Method. The spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein when the spectacle lens is a progressive power lens, the visual characteristics of the subject are reflected at a position other than the main line of sight. Design method. A method for manufacturing an spectacle lens, which comprises manufacturing a spectacle lens by the design method according to any one of claims 1 to 19. The characteristic acquisition means for acquiring the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser with respect to the spatial frequency when the lens purchaser visually observes different spatial frequencies, and the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser from the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser. A spectacle lens design system comprising a characteristic calculation means to be calculated, a lens design means for reflecting the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser in the lens shape of the spectacle lens of the lens purchaser, and a design by the spectacle lens design system. A manufacturing device for manufacturing spectacle lenses using data, and a spectacle lens supply system including the following 1. ~ 3. A spectacle lens supply system comprising any one or more of the above configurations .
1. 1. The cognitive characteristic for the spatial frequency of the lens purchaser acquired by the characteristic acquisition means is set to be the spatial frequency of the first spatial frequency peak that is most well recognized by the lens purchaser.
2. The appearance characteristics calculated by the characteristic calculation means are calculated by analyzing the appearance characteristics of the lens purchaser from the fact that the cognitive characteristics are bimodal.
3. 3. Based on the cognitive characteristics for the spatial frequency acquired by the characteristic acquisition means, the lens design means emphasizes either distortion or blurring. In the spectacle lens supply system according to claim 21,
The characteristic acquisition means is carried out at an optician, and when an order is placed from the optician to a lens maker, the cognitive characteristics of the lens purchaser are transmitted as lens ordering information together with the power information of the lens purchaser. The supply system for optician lenses. In the spectacle lens supply system according to any one of claims 21 to 22.
The characteristic acquisition means is carried out at an optician, and when an order is placed from the optician to a lens maker, the characteristics of the appearance of the lens purchaser are transmitted as lens order information together with the power information of the lens purchaser. A optician lens supply system featuring. In the spectacle lens supply system according to claim 23.
A spectacle lens supply system characterized in that a preference coefficient (hereinafter referred to as a visibility preference coefficient) is calculated as a characteristic of the appearance of the lens purchaser, and the appearance preference coefficient is transmitted as lens ordering information at the time of ordering.

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