JP6889813B1 - Soil gas headspace collection equipment, collection methods and applications in low-permeation areas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil gas headspace collecting device and a collecting method in a low permeation place. SOLUTION: Soil is put into a bottle body 1, a bottle lid body is closed, a valve is pushed so that a valve sampling channel and a prism sampling channel 6 are not located on the same straight line, and then placed in a constant temperature box to be constant. Leave it for a while to volatilize organic matter in the soil. Next, push the valve, position the valve sampling channel and the column sampling channel on the same straight line, pass the sampling needle 10 through the column sampling channel 6, the seal rod 5, and the valve sampling channel, and insert it into the bottle body. Collect a gas sample. This method is easy to operate and can be widely applied to the collection of fine particles such as clay and volatile organic gas in soil gas in a place having a high water content. This device has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can be used repeatedly. [Selection diagram] Fig. 4

Description

The present invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and specifically relates to a soil gas headspace collecting device, a collecting method and an application in a low permeation place.

Currently, surveys of volatile organic compounds in soil and groundwater at locations mainly collect soil and groundwater samples from different regions and detect volatile organic compounds. In addition, based on the detection results of target pollutants in these media, the corresponding phase distribution models, transition models and receptor exposure models are combined to provide future human breathing soil and groundwater under specific site planning conditions. Quantitatively calculate the health risks of volatile organic pollutants in. The first condition that volatile organic compounds in soil and groundwater can eventually be inhaled by people is that the pollutants utilize their volatile properties to distribute to soil gas in the form of gas phases and concentrate. It is a gradual movement to the surface atmosphere under the action of a gradient.

Currently, the balance distribution process of volatile organic substances in soil particles (solid phase), soil water film (liquid phase) and soil gas (gas phase) is quantitatively evaluated mainly using a three-phase equilibrium model. Sample point After testing the total amount of the target pollutant in the solid-liquid-gas three-phase in the soil sample, calculate the concentration of the target pollutant attached to the soil gas phase using the three-phase equilibrium model, and use it as a pollution source. , Bring in mobile diffusion models and exposure models to quantitatively calculate people's health risks. However, according to more experimental studies and field surveillance data, the currently adopted three-phase equilibrium model ignores the irreversible adsorption process of soil target pollutants such as "aging" and "locking". In addition, the target pollutant concentration in the predicted soil gas phase is generally on the order of 1-3 higher than the measured soil gas concentration, and the risk assessment results are generally too conservative and over-repair of the site. And caused unnecessary waste of money.

One of the current solutions to this problem is to directly collect soil gas samples from areas contaminated with volatile organic compounds and perform target pollutant concentration tests. The sampling method is mainly an active soil gas sampling technique, that is, after constructing a soil gas monitoring well at the planned sampling site, an extraction pump is adopted on the ground to extract soil gas samples of different depths into the sample storage device. Then, immediately send it to the laboratory to analyze the concentration of the target pollutant. The application of active sampling technology for soil gas is required to mainly use materials such as powdered soil and earth and sand that have relatively high air permeability and relatively low water content. Active soil gas sampling techniques are not applied to places with low permeability and high water content such as clay, and it tends to be difficult to collect general soil gas samples.

However, because low-permeability soils such as clay have a relatively high organic carbon content, it has a more pronounced "aging" and "locking" effect on organic pollutants, a traditional three-phase equilibrium model. The conservativeness of the prediction results is higher. Therefore, it is important to develop a soil gas test method and ancillary equipment suitable for such a place in order to describe the volatile organic compound contamination situation of the clay place and to quantitatively calculate its health risk. It will be a great support.

It is an object of the present invention that active soil gas sampling techniques cannot be applied to places with low permeability, high moisture content such as clay, and low permeability soils such as clay "age" against organic contaminants. Soil gas headspace collectors, collection methods and applications in low-permeability areas to solve the technical problem of more obvious "locking" action and more conservative predictions of conventional three-phase equilibrium models. I will provide a.

To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a soil gas headspace collector in a low permeation site, including a bottle body and a bottle cap system, wherein the bottle cap system.
A bottle cap body including a bottle lid pillar provided at the opening of the top of the bottle body and separably connected to the top of the bottle body to open a prism sampling channel that penetrates vertically along the top and bottom.
A valve sampling channel is opened that is horizontally drilled in the bottle lid prism and moves in the radial direction of the bottle lid prism and penetrates vertically along the vertical direction, and the valve sampling channel and the prism sampling channel are the same straight line. A valve that can be moved to be located above and a seal bar that is installed on top of the valve, drilled horizontally into the prism of the bottle lid, and passes through the prism sampling channel,
Includes a sampling needle through which the needle hole penetrates the prismatic sampling channel, the seal bar and the valve sampling channel and can be inserted into the bottle body.

The bottle cap system further includes a valve guide bar, which is preferably drilled horizontally into the bottle cap column and at least one end extends beyond the bottle cap column.

It is desirable that the valve guide bar is fixedly connected to the bottle cap column.

It is desirable that the valve guide bar is provided with a scale.

Valve handles are provided at both ends of the valve, and a guide bar connection hole that fits the valve guide bar is provided in the valve handle on the same side at one end where the valve guide bar exceeds the bottle cap column. It is desirable that it is provided.

The bottle cap body further includes a bottle cap gasket and a bottle cap case, the bottle cap gasket has a ring structure integrally formed on the outside of the bottle cap pillar, and the bottle cap body is the top of the bottle cap body. It is desirable to include a case side wall that is screwed into the opening of the case and a case lid plate that is connected to the top of the case side wall and snugly placed on the top of the bottle cap gasket.

It is desirable that a seal ring is provided between the top of the bottle lid body and the bottle lid gasket.

The present invention also provides a method for collecting soil gas in a low permeation site, which includes the following steps.
Step 1. Collect cores of non-perturbative soil from areas contaminated with volatile organic compounds
Step 2, determine the specific sampling position of the soil sample, collect some non-perturbative soil, and quickly transfer to the bottle body of the soil gas headspace collector in the low permeation site.
Step 3, Tighten the bottle cap body and push the valve along the radial direction of the bottle cap prism to ensure that the valve sampling channel and the prism sampling channel are not on the same straight line.
In steps 4 and 3, the soil gas headspace collector in the low permeation area containing the non-perturbated soil was placed in a constant temperature box, allowed to stand for a certain period of time, and then taken out.
Step 5, Push the valve along the radial direction of the bottle cap prism to ensure that the valve sampling channel and the prism sampling channel are on the same straight line.
Step 6, The sampling needle penetrates the prism sampling channel, the seal rod and the valve sampling channel and is inserted into the bottle body to collect the gas sample, and then the sampling needle is withdrawn.

The present invention further provides a soil gas inspection system for low permeation sites, including a soil collector, a soil sampler, a soil gas collector, a constant temperature box and a gas chromatograph mass measuring device, wherein the soil gas collector is described above. It is a soil gas headspace collection device in a low penetration area.

The present invention also provides a method for inspecting soil gas at a low permeation site, which includes soil collection and analysis, wherein the soil collection is a method for collecting soil gas at a low permeation site.

Compared with the prior art, the features and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.
(1) The present invention designs a soil gas headspace collecting device in a low permeation place, moves the collected soil to the bottle body of the device, closes the bottle lid body tightly, and uses a valve sampling channel. Push the valve so that the column sampling channels are not on the same straight line, then place the device in a constant temperature box and leave it for a period of time to volatilize the organic matter in the soil. Then push the valve, position the valve sampling channel and the prism sampling channel in the same straight line, and the sampling needle penetrates the prism sampling channel, the seal rod and the valve sampling channel and inserts into the bottle body to sample the gas. To collect. It is easy to operate and can be widely applied to the collection of volatile organic gas in soil gas in places with high water content and fine particles such as clay.
(2) The soil gas headspace collecting device in a low permeation place of the present invention has a simple structure, a low manufacturing cost, and can be used repeatedly. The method of measuring volatile organic compounds of passive soil gas using the soil gas headspace collector in this low permeation site is more accurate than the conventional three-phase equilibrium model.

It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil gas headspace collecting apparatus of a low permeation place. It is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of a bottle cap prism. It is a schematic diagram for adding a soil sample to a soil gas headspace collector in a low permeation site. It is a schematic diagram of sampling with a sampling needle.

In order to make it easier to understand the technical means for realizing the present invention, innovative features, achieved objectives and effects, the present invention will be further described below.

The examples described herein are specific specific embodiments of the present invention, for explaining the concepts of the present invention, both of which are interpretive and exemplary, and of the present invention. It should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments and the scope of the invention. In addition to the implementation exceptions described herein, one of ordinary skill in the art may adopt other explicit technical proposals based on the claims of the present application and the content disclosed in the specification of these techniques. The proposals include technical proposals that make explicit alternatives and modifications to the examples described herein.

In the description of the present invention, the orientation or position indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "tip", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "other end" and the like. It is necessary to explain that the relationship is an orientation or positional relationship shown based on the drawings, and is not a device for directing or implying, only for facilitating the description and simplification of the description of the present invention, or elements. Must have a particular orientation, be configured in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for explanatory purposes and cannot be understood to indicate or suggest relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "installation", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" is a fixed connection. It may be a removable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an intermediate connection. It may be indirectly connected via a medium, or may be a connection inside two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art based on specific circumstances.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, a soil gas headspace collector in a low permeation site includes a bottle body 1 and a bottle cap system. The bottle cap system includes a bottle cap body 2, a valve 4, a seal rod 5, and a sampling needle 10.

The bottle cap body 2 is provided in the opening at the top of the bottle body 1 and is separably connected to the top of the bottle body 1. The bottle cap body 2 includes the bottle lid pillar 21 and the bottle cap pillar 21 is A pillar sampling channel 6 that penetrates vertically along the vertical direction is established.

In order to improve the sealing property between the bottle cap body 2 and the bottle body 1, the bottle cap body 2 further includes a bottle cap gasket 22 and a bottle cap case 23, and the bottle cap gasket 22 is a bottle cap pillar 21. The bottle cap case 23 has a ring structure integrally formed on the outside of the case, and the bottle cap case 23 is connected to a case side wall 231 screwed to an opening at the top of the bottle cap body 2 and a top of the case side wall 231 and is connected to a bottle cap gasket 22. Includes a case lid 232, which is snugly mounted on the top of the. In order to further improve the sealing property between the bottle lid main body 2 and the bottle main body 1, a seal ring 7 is provided between the top of the bottle lid main body 2 and the bottle lid gasket 22.

The valve 4 is drilled horizontally into the bottle lid column 21 and can move along the radial direction of the bottle lid column 21, and the valve 4 penetrates vertically along the valve sampling channel 9 up and down. The valve 4 can be moved so that the valve sampling channel 9 and the column sampling channel 6 are located on the same straight line. In order to easily push the valve 4, valve handles 8 are provided at both ends of the valve 4, and the valve guide bar 3 is inside the valve handle 8 on the same side of one end beyond the bottle cap column 21. , A guide bar connection hole suitable for the valve guide bar 3 is provided.

The seal rod 5 is installed above the valve 4, the seal rod 5 is horizontally drilled into the bottle cap prism 21 and passes through the prism sampling channel 6.

The needle hole of the sampling needle 10 can be inserted into the bottle body 1 through the prism sampling channel 6, the seal rod 5, and the valve sampling channel 9.

To easily determine the relative position between the column sampling channel 6 and the valve sampling channel 9, the bottle cap system further includes a valve guide bar 3, which is located within the bottle cap column 21. It is drilled horizontally, and at least one end extends beyond the bottle cap column 21. It is desirable to make a fixed connection between the valve guide bar 3 and the bottle lid column 21. The valve guide bar 3 is provided with a scale. After pushing the valve 4 to make the column sampling channel 6 and the valve sampling channel 9 the same straight line, mark the valve guide bar 3 with a scale, and then push the valve 4 up to this position to make the column sampling channel 6 and the valve. It indicates that the sampling channels 9 are on the same straight line, the sampling channels are connected, and the sampling needle 10 can be inserted for sampling.

Specifically, taking a certain test as an example, the bottle body 1 is a brown glass top empty bottle with a 40 mL screw port, the inner diameter of which is 12 mm, and the outer diameter of which is 18 mm. The bottle cap case 23 is a bottle cap case with hard polyethylene screws, the bottle cap gasket 22 and the bottle cap pillar 21 are made of Polyteflon (registered trademark) material, the valve guide bar 3 is made of stainless steel, and the valve 4 is made of poly. It is a direct push type airtight valve of Teflon (registered trademark). The seal ring 7 is made of silica gel, and its diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the bottle body 1. The cross-sectional diameter of the seal ring 7 is 3 mm. The thickness of the bottle lid gasket 22 is 3 mm. The diameter of the bottle cap column 21 is 6 mm, the length is 25 mm, and the diameter of the column sampling channel 6 is 0.5 mm. The diameter of the bulb sampling channel 9 is 1 mm. The seal rod 5 is made of silica gel and has a diameter of 3 mm, the sampling needle 10 can penetrate it, and after a plurality of uses, the airtightness is affected and can be replaced.

Specifically, the method for collecting soil gas in a low-penetration site includes the following steps.
Step 1. Use non-perturbative drilling techniques such as direct push to collect cores of non-perturbative soil from areas contaminated with volatile organic compounds.

Step 2. Based on information such as contamination traces on the surface of the soil core and offensive odors at the site, determine the specific sampling position of the soil sample, collect 5 g of non-perturbative soil, and collect 5 g of non-perturbative soil. Quickly shift to the bottle body 1 of the space collecting device.

Step 3, place the seal ring 7 flat on the through hole of the bottle body 1, immediately tighten the bottle lid body 2, push the valve 4 along the diameter direction of the bottle lid pillar 21, and push the valve sampling channel 9 and the pillar. It is ensured that the body sampling channels 6 are not located on the same straight line, as shown in FIG.

In steps 4 and 3, the soil gas headspace collector in the low permeation place containing the non-perturbated soil is placed in a constant temperature box at 18 ° C., left for 24 hours, and then taken out.

Step 5, Push the valve 4 along the radial direction of the bottle cap column 21 to ensure that the valve sampling channel 9 and the column sampling channel 6 are located on the same straight line.

Step 6, a 1 μL sampling needle 10 penetrates the prism sampling channel 6, the seal rod 5 and the valve sampling channel 9 and is inserted 3 cm behind the bottle body 1 to collect a gas sample, as shown in FIG. After that, the sampling needle 10 is pulled out.

The soil gas inspection system at the low permeation site includes a soil collector, a soil sampler, a soil gas collector, a constant temperature box and a gas chromatograph mass measuring device, and the soil gas collection device is a soil gas headspace collection device at the low permeation site. It is a device.

Soil gas inspection methods for low permeation sites include soil collection and soil analysis. The soil collecting method is the method for collecting soil gas in the above-mentioned low infiltration place. After collecting the soil, it is quickly transferred to the sample inlet of the gas chromatograph mass measuring instrument, the sample is pushed into the measuring instrument, and the target pollutant concentration is quantitatively analyzed. As a result, the concentration of the corresponding target pollutant in the soil gas at the equilibrium state of the location sampling position of this soil sample can be characterized.

The above-described embodiment describes only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not limit the scope of the present invention, and does not deviate from the design spirit of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the proposal shall be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims of the present invention.

1-bottle body, 2-bottle cap body, 21-bottle cap pillar, 22-bottle cap gasket, 23-bottle lid case, 231-case side wall, 232-case lid plate, 3-valve guide bar, 4-valve 5, 5-Seal rod, 6-Pillar sampling channel, 7-Seal ring, 8-Valve handle, 9-Valve sampling channel, 10-Sampling needle.

Claims (10)

A soil gas headspace collector in a low permeation site, including a bottle body (1) and a bottle lid system.
The bottle cap system
A bottle lid pillar provided at the opening of the top of the bottle body (1) and separably connected to the top of the bottle body (1) to open a pillar sampling channel (6) that penetrates vertically along the top and bottom. The bottle lid body (2) including the body (21) and
A valve sampling channel (9) that is horizontally drilled in the bottle cap prism (21) and moves in the radial direction of the bottle cap prism (21) and penetrates vertically along the vertical direction is opened, and valve sampling is performed. A valve (4) that can be moved so that the channel (9) and the prism sampling channel (6) are located on the same straight line.
With a seal rod (5) installed on top of the valve (4), horizontally drilled into the bottle cap prism (21) and passing through the prism sampling channel (6).
A sampling needle (10) that allows the needle hole to penetrate the prismatic sampling channel (6), the seal rod (5) and the valve sampling channel (9) and be inserted into the bottle body (1).
A soil gas headspace collector in a low permeation site, characterized by containing. The bottle cap system further includes a valve guide bar (3).
The valve guide bar (3) is drilled horizontally into the bottle cap column (21) and at least one end extends beyond the bottle cap column (21).
The soil gas headspace collecting device for a low permeation site according to claim 1. The soil gas headspace collecting device in a low permeation place according to claim 2, wherein the valve guide bar (3) is fixedly connected to the bottle cap column (21). The soil gas headspace collecting device for a low permeation place according to claim 3, wherein the valve guide bar (3) is provided with a scale. Valve handles (8) are provided at both ends of the valve (4).
A guide bar connection hole compatible with the valve guide bar (3) is provided in the valve handle (8) on the same side at one end where the valve guide bar (3) exceeds the bottle cap column (21).
The soil gas headspace collecting device for a low permeation site according to claim 2. The bottle cap body (2) further includes a bottle cap gasket (22) and a bottle cap case (23), and the bottle cap gasket (22) is a ring integrally formed on the outside of the bottle cap pillar (21). Structure,
The bottle cap case (23) is connected to a case side wall (231) screwed to an opening at the top of the bottle cap body (2), a top of the case side wall (231), and a bottle cap gasket (22). Including the case lid plate (232), which is snugly mounted on the top,
The soil gas headspace collecting device for a low permeation site according to claim 1. The soil gas in a low permeation place according to claim 6, wherein a seal ring (7) is provided between the top of the bottle cap body (2) and the bottle cap gasket (22). Headspace collector. A method of collecting soil gas in low-penetration sites, including the following steps:
In step 1, non-perturbative soil cores are collected from areas contaminated with volatile organic compounds.
In step 2, the specific sampling position of the soil sample is determined, a part of the non-perturbative soil is collected, and the soil gas headspace collecting device in the low permeation place according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used. Quickly move to the bottle body (1),
In step 3, the bottle cap body (2) is tightened, the valve (4) is pushed along the radial direction of the bottle cap column (21), and the valve sampling channel (9) and the column sampling channel (6) are the same. Make sure it is not on a straight line,
In step 4, the soil gas headspace collector in the low permeation place containing the non-perturbated soil in step 3 is placed in a constant temperature box, allowed to stand for a certain period of time, and then taken out.
In step 5, the valve (4) is pushed along the radial direction of the bottle cap column (21) to ensure that the valve sampling channel (9) and the column sampling channel (6) are located on the same straight line.
In step 6, the sampling needle (10) penetrates the prism sampling channel (6), the seal rod (5) and the valve sampling channel (9) and is inserted into the bottle body (1) to collect the gas sample. A method for collecting soil gas in a low permeation site, which comprises extracting a sampling needle (10) thereafter. Soil gas inspection system for low permeation sites, including soil collector, soil sampler, soil gas collector, constant temperature box and gas chromatograph mass meter
The soil gas collecting device is the soil gas headspace collecting device in a low permeation place according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A soil gas inspection system in a low-penetration area that features. A method of soil gas inspection in low-penetration sites, including soil collection and soil analysis.
The soil collection is the method for collecting soil gas in a low-penetration place according to claim 8.
A soil gas inspection method for low-penetration sites, which is characterized by this.

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