JP6883458B2 - Diagnostic method for amorphous sealant - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material for diagnosing a deteriorated state of an amorphous sealing material filled between outer wall materials of a building.

Conventionally, amorphous sealing materials (wet sealing materials) have been used for joints and the like of outer wall materials in buildings in order to ensure waterproof performance. The amorphous sealing material is filled into the joints, hardened into a rubber shape, and adheres to the edges of the outer wall material, etc., thereby preventing the ingress of water such as rainwater for a long period of time. The amorphous sealing material is flexible if the number of years after construction is short, and even if it receives shaking or vibration such as an earthquake, it can follow the movement without major change in appearance.

However, when the amorphous sealing material is exposed to solar heat, moisture, ultraviolet rays, etc. for a long period of time, it hardens, so that it loses its flexibility, and deterioration such as discoloration, cracks, wrinkles, and peeling of the outer surface appears. Eventually, if the irregular sealing material breaks, rainwater will infiltrate between the joints of the outer wall material, causing rain leakage and losing the strength of structurally important parts such as columns and beams. I have something to do. Therefore, it is important to diagnose the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material.

For example, as a method of diagnosing the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material, a method of diagnosing by destructive inspection is implemented. Specifically, a part of the existing amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials is cut and extracted, and a tensile test is performed on the extracted amorphous sealing material. Diagnosis of deterioration and remaining life. In this diagnostic method, since the existing amorphous sealing material is extracted and diagnosed, the deteriorated state and the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material can be diagnosed more accurately. However, the portion where the amorphous sealing material is cut must be repaired, and the work becomes complicated.

Therefore, in periodic inspections of buildings, etc., the deterioration state such as cracks (cracks), wrinkles (shrinkage), peeling, and breakage of the amorphous sealing material is visually detected, and it is necessary to maintain the amorphous sealing material from this deteriorated state. And the remaining life may be judged. In addition to this, the estimated durability of the amorphous seal material corresponding to the degree of deterioration is determined based on the correlation between the depth of the amorphous seal material and the degree of deterioration thereof, and the actually measured depth of the amorphous seal material is determined. Therefore, a method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material for determining the expected durability of the amorphous sealing material has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-231483

However, when visually diagnosing the deterioration state such as cracks, wrinkles, peeling, and breakage generated on the surface of the amorphous sealing material, there are individual differences in the identification of the cracks and wrinkles depending on the experience of the viewer. The diagnosis results will vary.

Furthermore, in such a diagnosis, it is important to investigate the state of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material, which is a precursor of fracture, in order to know the progress of deterioration. However, the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material are fine, and it is difficult to accurately measure these states. In addition to this, the width of the amorphous sealing material itself is narrow, and the finished surface of the amorphous sealing material is concave toward the outside air. It is difficult to measure cracks accurately. As a result, it is difficult to accurately diagnose the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material based on the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material.

In view of this point, in the diagnostic method shown in Patent Document 1, the depth of the amorphous sealing material actually measured based on the correlation between the depth of the amorphous sealing material measured in advance and the degree of deterioration thereof is used. Since the deterioration state can be diagnosed, the variation in the diagnosis result is small. However, since the depth of the amorphous sealing material itself already varies at the time of construction, it is difficult to accurately diagnose the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material even in this case.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to deteriorate the amorphous sealing material without destroying the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material capable of accurately diagnosing.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for diagnosing the amorphous sealing material according to the present invention is a method for diagnosing the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials of the building. The imaging step of imaging the surface of the outer wall material on both sides of the amorphous sealing material and the surface of the amorphous sealing material, and the image captured in the imaging step correspond to the surface of the amorphous sealing material. The extraction step of extracting the image to be processed and the image of the amorphous sealing material extracted in the extraction step are binarized so that cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material can be identified from the image of the amorphous sealing material. From the images of the binarization treatment step to be processed and the amorphous seal material subjected to the binarization treatment in the binarization treatment step, the parameters characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous seal material are calculated as feature quantities. It is characterized by including at least a feature amount calculation step and a diagnosis step of diagnosing a deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material based on the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step.

According to the present invention, an image corresponding to the surface of the amorphous sealing material is extracted from the image captured in the imaging step, and the extracted image is used so that cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material can be identified. Value processing. By using the binarized image, it is possible to accurately and objectively identify cracks and wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material as compared with visual inspection.

Then, from the binarized image, the parameters characteristic of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material are calculated as the characteristic quantity, so that the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material can be determined from the quantitatively extracted feature quantity. It can be diagnosed accurately. In this way, the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material can be accurately diagnosed without destroying the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials.

In a more preferred embodiment, the feature amount is the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material to the entire image of the binarized sealing material, the maximum width thereof, or the number thereof. According to this aspect, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material, its maximum width, or the number thereof is a feature amount caused by the deterioration of the amorphous sealing material. It can be diagnosed accurately.

In a more preferred embodiment, in the diagnostic step, the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material is predicted based on the feature amount. According to this aspect, the characteristic amount of the parameter characteristic of the crack and wrinkle of the amorphous sealing material is a parameter for quantitatively determining the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material. Therefore, from this characteristic amount, the amorphous seal is used. The remaining life of the material can be accurately predicted. As a result, it is possible to determine the time to repair the amorphous sealing material at a more appropriate time from the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material.

As a more preferable embodiment, in the imaging step, an auxiliary card having a rectangular evaluation window formed is used, and the auxiliary card is arranged at a position where the surface of the outer wall material and the amorphous sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window. Then, the portion of the auxiliary card including the evaluation window is imaged.

According to this aspect, if the auxiliary card is placed at a position where the amorphous sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window in the imaging step and the portion of the auxiliary card including the evaluation window is imaged, the amorphous sealing material can be obtained in the extraction step. The image can be extracted accurately.

In particular, the finished surface of the amorphous seal material has a concave shape toward the outside air, so if an auxiliary card is placed on the surface of the outer wall material, it will be on the upper part of the amorphous seal material imaged through the evaluation window. Is shaded by the auxiliary card. This makes it possible to more accurately identify the position of the amorphous sealing material from the image captured in the imaging step.

According to the method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material of the present invention, it is possible to accurately diagnose the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material without destroying the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials.

It is a schematic of the apparatus for carrying out the diagnostic method of the amorphous seal material which concerns on this invention. It is a flow chart of the diagnostic method of the amorphous seal material which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic perspective view for demonstrating the imaging process using the auxiliary card shown in FIG. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the interval of the upper and lower shooting lines of the auxiliary card shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the brightness of the evaluation part. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the size of the evaluation window of the auxiliary card shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the brightness of the evaluation part. It is a figure which showed the image which image | photographed by the imaging process shown in FIG. (A) is an image of the amorphous sealing material subjected to the image processing step after the extraction step shown in FIG. 2, and (b) is the image of the amorphous sealing material subjected to the binarization processing step shown in FIG. It is an image. This is the result of a deterioration acceleration test for explaining the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material. From the experimental results of FIG. 8, it is a graph which showed the relationship between the maximum width of the crack and the wrinkle of the amorphous sealing material, and the area ratio of the crack and the wrinkle of the amorphous sealing material. (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time in the deterioration acceleration test shown in FIG. 8 and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material, and (b) is the cracks and cracks of the amorphous sealing material and the area ratio of the wrinkles. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the area ratio or the maximum width of a wrinkle, and the remaining life.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the method for diagnosing the amorphous sealing material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for carrying out a method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material according to the present invention.

1. 1. About the device for diagnosing the amorphous sealing material In the method for diagnosing the amorphous sealing material according to the present embodiment, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material filled between the outer wall materials of the building is diagnosed. In this diagnostic method, the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material is diagnosed by using the imaging device 20 and the processing device 30 shown in FIG. When the image pickup apparatus 20 is used, an auxiliary card 5 for assisting the image pickup is used as needed.

1-1. About the image pickup device 20 The image pickup device 20 is a device capable of taking a color digital image, and in the imaging step S1 described later, images the surface of the outer wall material and the surface of the irregular shape seal material on both sides of the irregular seal material. It is a device. Examples of the image pickup device 20 include a digital camera (so-called digital camera), a mobile phone terminal having a camera function, another mobile information processing terminal (PDA, tablet), and the like.

1-2. Processing device 30 The processing device 30 includes an input device 31, a display device 32, an arithmetic unit (CPU) 33, and a storage device (for example, RAM or the like) 34. The processing device 30 is a form terminal such as a personal computer or a smartphone or a tablet terminal. The storage device 34 includes an image processing program 34A that performs the extraction step S2 to the binarization processing step S4 shown in FIG. 2, a feature amount calculation program 34B that performs the feature amount calculation step S5, and a diagnostic program that performs the diagnosis step S6. 34C and are stored. An OS (operation program) (not shown) is stored in the storage device 34, and these programs 34A to 34C are installed as application programs.

The input device 31 is an input device such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel, and is connected to the arithmetic device 33 and the storage device 34 via an input / output port (not shown) such as an interface such as a USB standard. The input device 31 inputs, for example, the modified programs 34A to 34C, the processing conditions of each process, and the processing contents. The image captured by the image pickup device 20 is input to the arithmetic unit 33 via the input / output port. The display device 32 is an output device capable of displaying an image such as a liquid crystal display device, and is an image treated in the extraction step S2 to the binarization processing step S4, a feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5, and a diagnostic step. The diagnosis result and the like diagnosed in S6 are displayed.

In the present embodiment, in each step, the programs 34A to 34C corresponding to the programs are activated, and the operator performs the extraction steps S2 to the diagnosis step S6 by using the input device 31. In addition to this, for example, at the timing when the image captured by the image pickup device 20 is taken into the arithmetic unit 33, the image pickup device 20 reads out the programs 34A to 34C from the storage device 34, and the extraction steps S2 to diagnosis. Step S6 may be carried out automatically.

1-3. About the Auxiliary Card 5 FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an imaging process S1 using the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. The auxiliary card 5 is a plate-shaped member such as a plastic plate having a size of about 0.5 mm, and has a rectangular evaluation window (opening) 53 in which at least a portion necessary for diagnosis can be seen. The shape of the evaluation window 53 is not particularly limited, such as a rectangle or a square, as long as the portion necessary for diagnosis can be seen. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, on the surface of the auxiliary card 5, upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 for specifying the imaging range 7 are provided by the imaging device 20.

By the way, in general, an image pickup device 20 such as a digital camera recognizes the brightness of a subject as an intermediate color of 18% gray, so that a white object appears dark and a black object appears bright. On the other hand, when an image pickup device 20 is used to image a reflector of a neutral color such as 18% gray with automatic exposure, the brightness is adjusted so that the exposure is always appropriate. The colors are captured in colors that are close to nature.

Here, in the building 1 shown in FIG. 3, the surface colors of the amorphous sealing material 3 and the outer wall material 2 are wide in brightness, such as those close to white and those close to black. For example, when an auxiliary card 5 based on pure white is used to image an outer wall material 2 and an amorphous sealing material 3 that are close to black, the captured image becomes even blacker than the original color. For this reason, cracks (cracks) on the surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 are also photographed in black, and it may be difficult to accurately identify the cracks.

On the other hand, when the outer wall material 2 and the amorphous sealing material 3 which are close to black are imaged by using the auxiliary card 5 which is based on jet black, the captured image becomes whiter than the original color. For this reason, the cracks (cracks) on the surface of the amorphous sealing material, which becomes black, become white, and it may be difficult to accurately identify them.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the surface color of the auxiliary card 5 on the imaging side is based on an intermediate color such as 18% gray (specifically, the lightness L in the Lab display is 45 to 55), so that the outer wall of the building is used. It is less affected by the brightness of the material and the amorphous sealing material, and it is possible to image cracks and the like of the amorphous sealing material 3 to be evaluated with appropriate exposure. The closer the brightness L is to 0, the closer it is to jet black, and the closer it is to 100, the closer it is to pure white.

In the present embodiment, the surface color of the auxiliary card 5 on the imaging side is gray in the (L, a *, b *) color system, L = 45 to 55, a * = 0, b * = 0. However, without being limited to this, for example, red-based materials such as L = 45 to 55, a * = 50, b * = 50, L = 45 to 55, a * = 0, b *. It may be an intermediate color in gray scale, such as a blue color such as = 20, a green color such as L = 45 to 55, a * = 30, and b * = 0.

Here, the inventors conducted the following experiment to confirm this. Specifically, an evaluation window 53 of 20 mm × 20 mm is formed, and the intervals between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 are 50 mm, 70 mm, and 100 mm, and the auxiliary card 5 based on white and 18% gray are used as the keynote. The auxiliary cards 5 and the above were prepared respectively.

Next, using these auxiliary cards 5, an image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was imaged so that the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 were located above and below the imaging range 7 through the evaluation window 53. Next, from the captured image, the average value of the brightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was measured. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance H between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 of the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the brightness (L value) of the evaluation portion.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the auxiliary card 5 based on white is used, the average value of the lightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 is the auxiliary based on 18% gray. It is lower than that using the card 5. Further, when the auxiliary card 5 based on 18% gray is used, the brightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the amorphous seal material 3 is close to the original brightness of the amorphous seal material 3 and is evaluated. It was found that it is preferable to detect cracks and the like of the target amorphous sealing material 3.

By the way, the larger the distance H between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55, the larger the distance from the imaging device 20 to the evaluation window 53 (the amorphous sealing material 3 which is the subject), and the proportion of the evaluation window 53 in the shot image. Becomes smaller. As a result, the number of pixels of the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 to be diagnosed becomes small.

On the other hand, from FIG. 4, the larger the distance between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 (the larger the distance from the image pickup apparatus 20 to the amorphous sealing material 3), the more the average value of the brightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation portion is. It turns out that it becomes smaller. From this, in order to secure the brightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation portion including the amorphous sealing material 3, the optimum distance between the imaging device 20 and the amorphous sealing material 3 (optimal of the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55). It can be seen that there is an interval). In this example, the dimensions of the evaluation window are 20 mm × 20 mm, and if the distance H between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 exceeds 70 mm, the image of the evaluation portion becomes dark, so that the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 are optimal. The interval H is preferably 20 mm to 70 mm.

Further, the inventors have provided an auxiliary card 5 based on 18% gray in which the distance between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 is 70 mm and the size of the evaluation window 53 is 10 mm × 10 mm, 15 mm × 15 mm, and 20 mm × 20 mm. Got ready.

Using these auxiliary cards 5, an image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was imaged so that the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 were located above and below the imaging range 7 through the evaluation window 53. Next, from the captured image, the average value of the brightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was measured. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the size of the evaluation window 53 of the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the brightness of the evaluation portion.

As shown in FIG. 5, as the size of the evaluation window 53 increases, the brightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation portion including the amorphous seal material 3 increases, and at a size of 20 mm × 20 mm, the amorphous seal material 3 The brightness of the image of is close to the original brightness of the amorphous sealing material 3. From this, the size of the rectangular evaluation window 53 is preferably such that the length B of at least one side is 20 mm or more, and if this condition is ensured, the shape of the evaluation window 53 is rectangular. It may be in the form.

2. Diagnosis Method of Amorphous Sealing Material 3 With reference to FIGS. 2 to 10, a method of diagnosing the amorphous sealing material 3 using the auxiliary card 5, the imaging device 20, and the processing device 30 described above will be described below. .. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the diagnostic method of the amorphous sealing material 3 is filled between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 of the building 1 by performing the steps from the imaging step S1 to the diagnostic step S6. The deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material 3 is diagnosed. Each step will be described below.

2-1. The imaging step S1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 6 described above. Note that FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image 7A captured in the imaging step S1 shown in FIG. In the imaging step S1, the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 on both sides of the amorphous sealing material 3 and the surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 are imaged. Thereby, the surface including the maximum width of the amorphous sealing material 3 corresponding to the joint between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 can be imaged. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary card 5 on which the above-mentioned rectangular evaluation window 53 is formed is used, and the surface of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the amorphous sealing material 3 can be seen from the evaluation window 53. The auxiliary card 5 is arranged, and the portion of the auxiliary card 5 (imaging range 7) including the evaluation window 53 is imaged by the imaging device 20.

At this time, the vertical edges 53a and 53a of the evaluation window 53 of the auxiliary card 5 are substantially parallel to the direction in which the amorphous seal material 3 extends, and the horizontal edges 53b and 53b of the evaluation window 53 are the amorphous seals. The auxiliary card 5 is arranged on the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the material 3. In this state, the imaging range 7 is imaged so that the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 coincide with the upper and lower edges of the image to be captured.

As a result, the image 7A captured in the imaging range 7 shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained. By using the auxiliary card 5 described above, the shooting conditions can be stabilized, and the resolution of the obtained image 7A can be kept within a certain range. In this way, an image (digital image) 7A including a clear image of the amorphous sealing material 3 whose deterioration state should be diagnosed can be obtained.

Further, in the obtained image 7A, the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 are reflected in the evaluation window 53. As described above, in the imaging step S1, if the auxiliary card 5 is arranged at a position where the amorphous sealing material 3 can be seen from the evaluation window 53 and the portion of the auxiliary card 5 including the evaluation window 53 is imaged, the extraction step S2 described later is performed. In, the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be easily identified and accurately extracted.

Further, since the finished surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 has a concave shape toward the outside air, when the auxiliary card 5 is arranged so as to come into contact with the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2 and 2, the auxiliary card 5 is placed through the evaluation window 53. A shadow by the auxiliary card 5 is formed on the upper portion 3d of the amorphous sealing material 3 imaged. As a result, the position of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be more accurately specified from the image captured in the imaging step S1, so that the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 is extracted more easily and accurately in the extraction step S2. be able to.

2-2. Extraction step S2 The extraction step S2 will be described below with reference to FIG. In the extraction step S2, the image 7B corresponding to the surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 is extracted from the image 7A captured in the imaging step S1. Here, the image 7B is extracted by using the image processing program 34A of the processing device 30.

Specifically, the image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3 is extracted from the image 7A captured by treming or the like in a certain range such as a square or a rectangle. In order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, after detecting the boundary between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the amorphous sealing material 3 and correcting the angle for rotating the image 7A so that the joints are vertical, the image 7B May be extracted.

2-3. About the image processing step S3 The image processing step S3 will be described with reference to FIG. 7A described above. FIG. 7A is an image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3 obtained by performing the image processing step S3 after the extraction step S2 shown in FIG. In the image processing step S3, the image 7B taken out by treming is subjected to image processing so that the cracks and wrinkles generated in the amorphous sealing material 3 become clear, if necessary. Here, image processing is performed using the image processing program 34A of the processing device 30.

For example, in the extraction step S2, the image 7B extracted may contain dust or the like in addition to cracks in the amorphous sealing material, and if necessary, the reflected dust or the like may be reflected as noise. Remove. Examples of such processing include shrinkage treatment, expansion treatment, and median filter treatment.

Further, in the extraction step S2, when the extracted image 7B is a blurred image, a sharpening process for sharpening the image 7B is performed, if necessary. Further, when the brightness distribution in the image 7B due to shadows or the like is not uniform, the image 7B is made clear by linear density conversion or non-linear density conversion. In the linear density conversion, the brightness of the image 7B (for example, the average value of RGB) is obtained for each pixel to create a frequency distribution map (histogram), the distribution width is analyzed from the created frequency distribution map, and the biased distribution is obtained. Image processing is performed so as to make it uniform. In the nonlinear density conversion, image processing is performed so that the entire image 7B becomes bright (dark).

In this way, as shown in FIG. 7A, the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be more clearly identified in the image 7B of the extracted amorphous sealing material 3. If the image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3 extracted in the extraction step S2 clearly shows cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3, the image processing step S3 may be omitted.

2-4. About the binarization processing step S4 Next, the binarization processing step S4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) described above. FIG. 7B is an image 7C of the amorphous sealing material 3 subjected to the binarization processing step S4 shown in FIG. In the binarization processing step S4, the image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3 extracted in the extraction step S2 is binarized so that the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be identified from the image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3. Process. Here, the image 7B is binarized using the image processing program 34A of the processing device 30.

Specifically, black and white binarization processing is performed on the image 7B shown in FIG. 7A. Examples of this binarization processing include fixed threshold value processing, p-tile processing, and variable threshold value processing. For example, in the fixed threshold processing, white or black is assigned to all pixels with the average value of all pixels of the image 7B or a constant value obtained by adding an increase / decrease value to the average value as a reference and using this constant value as a threshold value. Further, in the p-tile processing, a threshold value is determined so that the white and black dispersion ratios of the image 7B are equal, and all the pixels of the image 7B are binarized. In the variable threshold processing, the threshold value of the place is obtained according to the brightness distribution in the image 7B (adaptive binarization processing).

In this way, from the image 7B of the amorphous sealing material 3 subjected to the image processing step S3 shown in FIG. 7A, the image of the binarized amorphous sealing material 3 shown in FIG. 7B is shown. 7C can be obtained. In the image 7C of the amorphous sealing material 3 that has been binarized, the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 are displayed as black portions. The cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 cannot be distinguished from each other in the image 7C.

2-5. About the feature amount calculation step S5 The feature amount calculation step S5 will be described. In the image processing step S3, parameters characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 are calculated as feature quantities from the image 7C of the binarized amorphous sealing material. Here, the feature amount is calculated by using the feature amount calculation program 34B of the processing device 30.

The feature amount is a parameter that is characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 that appears as a precursor of breakage of the amorphous sealing material 3. For example, the area ratio of the cracks and wrinkles, the maximum width thereof, the number thereof, and the number thereof. The maximum length or the maximum value of its aspect ratio can be mentioned. In the present embodiment, as a feature amount, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 to the entire image 7C of the binarized amorphous sealing material 3, the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles, or the cracks and wrinkles. Calculate the number of. From these calculated area ratio, maximum width, and number parameters, the feature amount may be further calculated using two or three parameters.

For example, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 to the entire image 7C of the binarized amorphous sealing material 3 is the ratio of the number of black pixels of the image 7C to the total number of pixels of the image 7C. It can be obtained by calculating.

Further, the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 with respect to the entire image 7C of the binarized irregular sealing material 3 is the number of pixels (or the number of pixels) continuous in the width direction of the black image of the image 7C. It can be calculated from the calculated crack size).

Further, the number of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 with respect to the entire image 7C of the amorphous sealing material 3 that has been binarized can be automatically calculated by Hough transforming the image 7C. ..

In particular, according to the experiments of the inventors, there is a correlation between the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 and the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3, and these are irregular shapes. It is known that there is a correlation with the remaining life of the sealing material 3. Hereinafter, before the diagnostic step S6 is described, the correlation between them will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 (a).

2-6. About the deterioration acceleration test of the amorphous sealing material As shown in FIG. 3, the inventors prepared a test piece in which the joint of the outer wall material was filled with the amorphous sealing material. Next, a deterioration acceleration test was conducted in which the amorphous sealing material was continuously heated and sprayed with water while being stressed and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to accelerate the deterioration of the amorphous sealing material. went. Every time a predetermined time elapses from the start of the deterioration acceleration test, a series of steps from the imaging step S1 shown in FIG. 2 to the feature amount calculation step S5 are carried out. In the feature amount calculation step S5, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles were calculated.

FIG. 8 shows the results of a deterioration acceleration test for explaining the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material. The upper image of FIG. 8 is an image processed by image processing of the extracted amorphous sealing material, and the lower image is an image obtained by binarizing the upper image.

In Table 8, the degree of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material was classified into "none", "small", "medium", and "large" by visual judgment. The degree of cracking is "small", the deterioration state is "stage 1", the degree of cracking is "medium", the deterioration state is "stage 2", and the degree of cracking is "large". The one in which the amorphous sealing material was broken was referred to as the deteriorated state "stage 3", and the one in which the irregular sealing material was broken was referred to as the deteriorated state "stage 4."

As shown in FIG. 8, there were no cracks or wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material at the initial stage of the deterioration acceleration test, but the cracks and wrinkles became larger as the deterioration acceleration test progressed, and the binarized image (binary value). It can be seen that the proportion of the black part in the image) is increasing and the width is also increasing. That is, it can be seen that as the deterioration acceleration test progresses, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material increases, and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles also increases.

Next, FIG. 9 shows the results of calculating the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles from each binarized image in the deterioration acceleration test shown in FIG. Shown in. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material from the experimental results of FIG. In FIG. 9, the degree of cracking of the amorphous sealing material is converted as 1.0 in terms of the area ratio and the maximum width of the amorphous sealing material in the fractured state (specifically, the fractured state of step 4 shown in FIG. 8). doing. Therefore, the area ratio and the maximum width of the amorphous sealing material shown in FIG. 9 correspond to these ratios, respectively. The area ratio and the maximum width shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, which will be described later, are also the same.

As shown in FIG. 9, there is a correlation between the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material. Therefore, if either the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material and the area ratio of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material are specified as feature quantities, the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material can be diagnosed. be able to.

Next, FIG. 10A shows the relationship between the elapsed time in the deterioration acceleration test shown in FIG. 8 and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material. In addition, in FIG. 10A, the degree of cracking of the amorphous sealing material is the area ratio and the elapsed time of the amorphous sealing material in the fractured state (specifically, the fractured state of step 4 shown in FIG. 8). It is converted as 0. Therefore, the elapsed time of the amorphous sealing material shown in FIG. 10A corresponds to the ratio. As shown in FIG. 10A, as the elapsed time in the deterioration acceleration test becomes longer, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles in the amorphous sealing material increases, and there is a correlation between the two. In consideration of such points, the diagnostic step S6 will be described below.

2-7. Diagnostic Step S6 The diagnostic step S6 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 (a) and 10 (b). In the diagnosis step S6, the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material 3 is diagnosed based on the feature amount. Here, the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material 3 is diagnosed by using the diagnostic program 34C of the processing device 30. In the diagnostic program 34C, when the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5 is the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 or the area ratio of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3. , As shown in FIG. 9, information is recorded in which the range of the maximum width or the area ratio is divided into stages 1 to 4 of the deterioration state.

In the diagnosis step S6, it is determined in which range the feature amount (maximum width or area ratio) calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5 falls within the range of the divided maximum width or area ratio, and from that range, the irregular shape is determined. The deteriorated state of the sealing material 3 is classified into stages 1 to 4. Thereby, the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be diagnosed. In the present embodiment, the amorphous seal 3 is set to have a life with a certain numerical value of the area ratio and the maximum width of the step 4 (for example, at the area ratio of 0.8 and the maximum width of 0.8). ..

Further, in the diagnostic step S6, the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material 3 is predicted based on the feature amount. Here, from FIG. 10A, from the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3, which is a feature amount indicating the deteriorated state, the amorphous sealing material 3 breaks when the deterioration acceleration test is continued. I know what to do. Therefore, in the diagnostic program 34C, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the area ratio or the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material, which is a feature amount, and the amorphous sealing material used in an actual environment A function or mathematical formula that estimates the relationship with the remaining life of is recorded.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), when the value of the calculated feature amount (area ratio or maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3) is S, it is shown in FIG. 10 (b). From the graph, the remaining life can be predicted as P. In this embodiment, the area ratio is 0.8 or the maximum width is 0.8, and the remaining life is 0.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the image 7B corresponding to the surface of the amorphous sealing material 3 is extracted from the image 7A captured in the imaging step S1, and the extracted image 7B is used as the amorphous sealing material 3. It was binarized so that cracks and wrinkles could be identified. By using the binarized image 7C obtained thereby, the cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be identified more accurately and objectively than visually.

Then, since the feature amounts of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 are quantitatively calculated from the binarized image 7C, the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be accurately diagnosed.

Since the characteristic amount of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material 3 is a parameter for quantitatively determining the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material 3, the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material 3 can be accurately predicted from this characteristic amount. can do. As a result, from the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material 3, it is possible to determine the time to repair the amorphous sealing material 3 at a more appropriate time.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various designs are designed without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. You can make changes.

In the present embodiment, the portion including the amorphous sealing material is imaged by using the auxiliary card in the imaging process, but a clear image of the portion including the amorphous sealing material is imaged, and an image of the amorphous sealing material is taken from this image. If it is possible to accurately extract the image, the imaging step may be performed without using the auxiliary card.

2: Outer wall material, 3: Amorphous sealing material, 5: Auxiliary card, 53: Evaluation window, 20: Imaging device, 30: Processing device

Claims (3)

It is a diagnostic method of the amorphous sealing material that diagnoses the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials of the building.
An imaging step of imaging the surface of the outer wall material and the surface of the amorphous sealing material on both sides of the amorphous sealing material.
An extraction step of extracting an image corresponding to the surface of the amorphous sealing material from the image captured in the imaging step, and an extraction step.
A binarization treatment step of binarizing the image of the amorphous sealing material extracted in the extraction step so that cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material can be identified from the image of the amorphous sealing material.
A feature amount calculation step of calculating the parameters characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material as feature amounts from the image of the amorphous sealing material subjected to the binarization treatment in the binarization treatment step.
A diagnostic step of diagnosing the deteriorated state of the amorphous sealing material based on the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step, and
At least look at including the,
In the imaging step, an auxiliary card having a rectangular evaluation window formed therein is used, the auxiliary card is arranged at a position where the surface of the outer wall material and the amorphous sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window, and the evaluation window is opened. A method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material, which comprises imaging a portion of the auxiliary card including the auxiliary card. The claim is characterized in that the feature amount is the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the amorphous sealing material, the maximum width thereof, or the number thereof with respect to the entire image of the amorphous sealing material subjected to the binarization treatment. The method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material according to 1. The method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the diagnostic step, the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material is predicted based on the feature amount.

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