JP6877575B2 - Windmill wings and wind power generators - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to wind turbine blades and wind power generators.

Conventionally, a wind turbine wing is provided with a lightning protection device for reducing damage to the wing body due to a lightning strike. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wind turbine blade provided with a metal receptor (lightning receiving portion) at the tip of the blade.

European Patent Application Publication No. 2226497

By the way, the wind turbine blade collides with foreign matter (for example, raindrops, dust, etc.) in the air as the rotor rotates, and so-called erosion occurs on the front edge side. In particular, when a foreign substance collides with the joint portion between the blade main body and the receptor, there is a problem that the front edge side of the joint becomes the starting point of a crack generated in the blade main body.

At least some embodiments of the present invention aim to suppress damage to the wind turbine blades due to erosion.

(1) The wind turbine blade according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
It ’s a windmill wing,
A metal receptor including the tip of the wind turbine blade,
A hollow structure blade that is connected to the metal receptacle so as to be located on the blade root side with respect to the metal receptacle and forms an airfoil in the blade tip region of the windmill blade together with the metal receptacle in the joint region with the metal receptacle. With the main body
With
When viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade, the tangent line at the intersection of the joint line between the metal receptacle and the blade main body with the front edge of the wind turbine blade is inclined with respect to the cord direction of the wind turbine blade. There is.

According to the configuration of (1) above, by inclining the joint surface between the metal receptacle and the wing body portion of the hollow structure with respect to the cord direction, foreign matter (for example, raindrops and dust) on the front edge of the wind turbine wing can be prevented. The collision angle and the tangential direction of the joint surface do not match. Therefore, since the impact when a foreign matter collides with the wind turbine blade can be alleviated from being concentrated on the joint portion, erosion at the joint surface can be suppressed, and damage to the wind turbine blade due to erosion can be suppressed.
Further, suppressing erosion at the joint surface between the metal receptor and the blade body portion is particularly effective when the blade body portion has a “hollow structure”. That is, when the blade body has a hollow structure, if a communication path between the outside and the inside of the wind turbine blade is formed as the erosion of the joint surface between the metal receptacle and the blade body progresses, the blade body Where there is concern about foreign matter entering the inside (hollow portion), it is technically useful to be able to suppress erosion at the joint surface as described above.
In the present specification, the "blade thickness direction" refers to a direction perpendicular to both the blade length direction and the cord direction of the wind turbine blade.

(2) In some embodiments, in the configuration described in (1) above,
When viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade, the junction line is such that the intersection of the junction line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade is closer to the tip of the blade than the intersection of the tangent line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade. It may be curved or bent so as to be located at.

According to the configuration of (2) above, the junction line between the metal receptacle and the wing body portion of the hollow structure is such that the intersection of the junction line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade is from the intersection of the tangent line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade. In the range located on the tip side of the wing, it may take a non-straight form from the front edge to the trailing edge. As a result, the degree of freedom in designing the shape of the joint between the metal receptor and the blade body can be improved, so that damage to the wind turbine blade due to erosion can be more preferably reduced by using metal receptors of various shapes. it can.

(3) In some embodiments, in the configuration described in (1) or (2) above,
The tangent may be inclined with respect to the cord direction from the front edge toward the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade so as to approach the tip of the blade.

According to the configuration of (3) above, since the member located on the front edge side with respect to the joint line is a metal receptor, it is possible to protect the collision of the relic with the joint surface due to the rotation of the wind turbine blade by the metal receptor. Therefore, erosion at the joint line can be effectively suppressed.

(4) In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of (1) to (3) above,
The length of the metal receptacle along the blade length direction may be 0.1% or more and 0.9% or less, or 50 mm or more and 700 mm or less of the blade length of the wind turbine blade.

According to the configuration of (4) above, by setting the length of the metal receptor to 0.1% or more or 50 mm or more of the blade length, high lightning resistance performance by the metal receptor can be realized. On the other hand, by setting the length of the metal receptor to 0.9% or less or 700 mm or less of the blade length, it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the wind turbine blade due to the increase in size of the metal receptor.

(5) In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of (1) to (4) above,
The width of the metal receptor along the cord direction may be 0.25% or more and 0.9% or less, or 200 mm or more and 700 mm or less of the blade length of the wind turbine blade.

According to the configuration of (5) above, by setting the width of the metal receptor to 0.25% or more or 200 mm or more of the blade length, high lightning resistance performance by the metal receptor can be realized. On the other hand, by setting the width of the metal receptor to 0.9% or less or 700 mm or less of the blade length, it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the wind turbine blade due to the increase in size of the metal receptor.

(6) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (5) above,
The junction line may have a curved shape having a radius of curvature of 0.009 L or less, where L is the wingspan of the wind turbine blade.

According to the configuration of (6) above, since the joint line has a curved shape, the joint line on the intersection of the front edge and the joint line is suppressed while suppressing the weight bias toward the front edge side or the trailing edge side of the metal receptacle. It becomes easy to secure a sufficient inclination angle of the tangent line with respect to the cord direction, and erosion at the joint line can be effectively suppressed.

(7) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (6) above,
The windmill wing
A first erosion resistant layer that at least partially covers the outer surface of the wing body may be further provided.

According to the configuration (7) above, damage to the wind turbine blade due to erosion can be more effectively suppressed by further providing a first erosion resistant layer that covers the outer surface of the blade main body at least partially.

(8) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (7) above,
The windmill wing
A second erosion resistant layer may be further provided that covers at least the front edge side portion of the joint line between the metal receptor and the wing body portion.

According to the configuration of (8) above, by further providing the second erosion resistant layer, it is possible to cover at least the front edge side portion of the joint line between the metal receptor and the blade main body portion. Therefore, erosion on the joint surface can be suppressed more effectively.

(9) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (8) above,
The windmill wing
A lightning current transmission unit that is connected to the metal receptor and includes at least one of a metal leaf or a down conductor extending from the connection portion with the metal receptor toward the wing root of the wind turbine blade may be further provided.

According to the configuration of the above (9), the wind turbine blade further includes a lightning current transmission unit including at least one of the metal foil or the down conductor, thereby suppressing damage to the wind turbine blade due to the erosion described in the above (1). It is possible to more reliably demonstrate lightning resistance while enjoying the effect.

(10) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (9) above,
The wing body portion may include an FRP shell that is connected to the metal receptor in a state of being overlapped with the metal receptor.

According to the configuration of (10) above, at the connection portion between the FRP shell having a hollow structure formed of FRP and the metal receptor, the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blades due to the erosion described in (1) above can be enjoyed. Can be done.

(11) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (9) above,
The metal receptor may have a cavity inside.

According to the configuration of (11) above, since the metal receptor has a cavity inside, erosion at the joint line can be suppressed while suppressing the weight increase of the metal receptor.

(12) In some embodiments, in the configuration described in (11) above,
The metal receptor may include a drain hole that communicates with the cavity.

According to the configuration of (12) above, the metal receptor includes a drain hole that communicates with the cavity formed inside the metal receptor, so that, for example, when foreign matter such as raindrops accumulates in the cavity, the metal receptor is passed through the drain hole. Since it can be discharged to the outside, damage to the wind turbine blades due to erosion can be suppressed.

(13) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (11) above,
The metal receptor is
A first portion of the wind turbine blade that forms a pressure surface on the tip side of the blade,
A second portion that is fastened to the first portion and forms a negative pressure surface on the tip end side of the wind turbine blade, and a second portion.
May include.

According to the configuration of (13) above, the metal receptacle includes a first portion forming a pressure surface on the blade tip side and a second portion forming a negative pressure surface on the blade tip side. While enjoying the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blade due to erosion described in (1) above, the configuration can be easily assembled and maintained on the blade main body.

(14) In some embodiments, the wind turbine blade has the configuration according to any one of (1) to (13) above.
The metal receptor may be made of copper or a copper alloy.

According to the configuration of (14) above, the metal receptor made of highly conductive copper or a copper alloy provides lightning resistance while enjoying the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blades due to erosion described in (1) above. It can be demonstrated more reliably.

(15) The wind power generation device according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is
The wind turbine blade according to any one of (1) to (14) above may be provided.

According to the configuration of (15) above, it is possible to obtain a wind power generation device provided with wind turbine blades capable of effectively suppressing erosion at the junction line.

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, damage to the wind turbine blades due to erosion can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the configuration example of the wind power generation apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the wind turbine wing which concerns on one Embodiment. (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. It is a top view which shows the tip end side of the wind turbine blade which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the wing tip portion of the wind turbine wing which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the blade tip part of the wind turbine blade which concerns on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the blade tip part of the wind turbine blade which concerns on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the blade tip part of the wind turbine blade which concerns on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the blade tip part of the wind turbine blade which concerns on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the blade tip part of the wind turbine blade which concerns on other embodiment. It is a top view which shows the erosion resistance layer in some embodiments. It is a figure which shows the other configuration example of the wind power generation apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the tip end side of the wind turbine blade which concerns on one Embodiment.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to this, and are merely explanatory examples. Absent.
For example, expressions that represent relative or absolute arrangements such as "in a certain direction", "along a certain direction", "parallel", "orthogonal", "center", "concentric" or "coaxial" are exact. Not only does it represent such an arrangement, but it also represents a state of relative displacement with tolerances or angles and distances to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "same", "equal", and "homogeneous" that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
For example, an expression representing a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also an uneven portion or chamfering within a range in which the same effect can be obtained. The shape including the part and the like shall also be represented.
On the other hand, the expressions "equipped", "equipped", "equipped", "included", or "have" one component are not exclusive expressions that exclude the existence of other components.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of a wind power generation device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a wind turbine blade according to an embodiment. 3A is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the tip end side of the wind turbine blade according to the embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind turbine generator (hereinafter referred to as a wind turbine) 1 according to at least one embodiment of the present invention includes at least one wind turbine blade 2, a hub 3 to which the wind turbine blade 2 is attached, and a wind turbine blade. It includes a nacelle 4 that supports a rotor including 2 and a hub 3, and a tower 5 that rotatably supports the nacelle 4. The rotation of the rotor is input to a generator (not shown), and electric power is generated in the generator.
The tower 5 is erected on a foundation provided on the ocean in the case of an offshore wind turbine generator and on land in the case of an onshore wind turbine generator.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wind turbine blade 2 according to the embodiment includes a blade main body portion 20 extending from the blade root portion 2A to the blade tip portion 2B, and a metal receptor 50 including the blade tip portion 2B of the wind turbine blade 2. , Is equipped.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wing body 20 is located between the wing root 2A attached to the hub 3 of the wind turbine 1, the wing tip 2B located farthest from the hub 3, the wing root 2A and the wing tip 2B. Includes an airfoil portion 2C (center portion of the blade) extending in the blade length direction. Further, the blade body portion 20 has a front edge 21 and a trailing edge 23 extending from the blade root portion 2A to the blade tip portion 2B. The outer shape of the wing body 20 is formed by a negative pressure surface 25 (back surface) forming one of the back surface and the ventral surface defined by the front edge 21 and the trailing edge 23 and a positive pressure surface 27 (ventral surface or pressure surface) forming the other. Specified (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
In the present specification, the "wing length direction" is the direction connecting the wing root portion 2A and the wing tip portion 2B, and the "cord direction (wing cord direction)" is the front edge 21 of the wing body portion 20. The direction along the line (cord) connecting the wing body 23 and the trailing edge 23, and the direction substantially orthogonal to the above-mentioned cord direction connecting the front edge 21 and the trailing edge 23 (the direction connecting the dorsal side and the ventral side of the wing body 20). ) Is the "blade thickness direction (or flap direction)" (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The "blade root portion" is a cylindrical portion of the wind turbine blade 2 having a substantially circular cross section, and is, for example, 5 m in the blade length direction with reference to the end surface of the blade body portion 20 of the wind turbine blade 2 on the blade root portion 2A side. The range (typically, the range from 1 to 3 m from the end face).

In some embodiments, the wing body 20 is made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), at least in part. In some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 has a blade length direction from the joint 10 between the metal receptacle 50 and the end of the blade body 20 toward the blade root 2A, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. It may have a metal foil 32 extending along the line. The metal foil 32 is configured to guide the lightning current from the metal receptor 50 toward the blade root portion 2A, and may have a function as a down conductor. In one embodiment, the metal leaf 32 is electrically connected to another down conductor passing through the wing root portion 2A, the hub 3, the nacelle 4, and the tower 5. Then, when the metal receptor 50 is struck by lightning, the lightning current from the metal receptor 50 may be guided from the metal foil 32 to the ground terminal attached to the tower 5 via another down conductor.

As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the blade body 20 is connected to the metal receptor 50 so as to be located on the blade root 2A side with respect to the metal receptor 50. In some embodiments, the blade body 20 has a hollow structure that, together with the metal receptor 50, forms an airfoil in the blade tip region of the wind turbine blade 2 at the junction region with the metal receptor 50.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, in the blade root portion 2A in one embodiment, the wind turbine blade 2 has an inner blade root reinforcing material 22, an airfoil forming material 24, and a spar in order from the inside in the thickness direction. It is composed of a cap 26, an insulating layer 28, an outer wing root reinforcing material 30, a metal foil 32, and a protective layer 34. Further, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the airfoil portion 2C, the airfoil blade 2 has the airfoil forming material 24, the spar cap 26, the insulating layer 28, and the metal in this order from the inside in the thickness direction. It is composed of a foil 32 and a protective layer 34.
In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the thickness and size of each member are different from those of the actual wind turbine blades for convenience of explanation.

In some embodiments, the wing body 20 has a negative pressure surface along each end of the front edge 21 and the trailing edge 23, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 (A) and 3 (B). The 25 side and the positive pressure surface 27 side may be integrally joined to each other. In some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 may be connected to the negative pressure surface 25 side and the positive pressure surface 27 side by at least one shear web 36 (girder member) on the inner surface side in the blade length direction. The shear web 36 may be continuous from the blade root portion 2A to the vicinity of the end portion of the blade body portion 20. In this way, by providing the shear web 36 on the tip end side of the blade body 20, the load increase due to the metal receptor 50 can be supported by the shear web 36. The end of the blade body 20 is the end of the blade body 20 on the blade tip 2B side, and is a portion to which the metal receptor 50 is connected.

In some embodiments, an insulating layer 28 is interposed between the spar cap 26 and the metal foil 32, and the insulating layer 28 insulates the metal foil 32 and the spar cap 26. As a result, when lightning strikes the metal receptor 50, it is possible to prevent a large lightning current from the metal foil 32 from flowing to the spar cap 26 and damaging the spar cap 26.
As described above, the metal foil 32 extends from the joint portion 10 between the metal receptacle 50 and the end portion of the blade body portion 20 toward the blade root portion 2A along the blade length direction. For example, the metal foil 32 may be in the form of a sheet or mesh, and may be further formed of copper or a copper alloy.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 11, in some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 is a joint line 70 between the metal receptacle 50 and the blade main body 20 and the wind turbine when viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade 2. The tangent line 72 of the junction line 70 on the intersection P with the front edge 21 of the blade 2 is inclined (inclination angle θ) with respect to the cord direction of the wind turbine blade 2.

According to the above configuration, by inclining the joint surface between the metal receptacle 50 and the wing body 20 having a hollow structure with respect to the cord direction, foreign matter F (for example, raindrops or dust) on the front edge 21 of the wind turbine wing 2 is formed. ) And the tangential direction of the joint surface do not match. Therefore, since the impact when a foreign matter collides with the wind turbine blade 2 can be alleviated from being concentrated on the joint portion, erosion at the joint surface can be suppressed, and damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion can be suppressed. .. Since it is possible to prevent the foreign matter F in the air from colliding perpendicularly with the front edge 21 side of the joint line 70 of the wind turbine blade 2, the impact when the foreign matter F collides with the wind turbine blade 2 is the joint portion 10. It is possible to alleviate the concentration on the wind turbine blade 2 and reduce the damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to the erosion.
It should be noted that suppressing erosion at the joint surface between the metal receptor 50 and the blade body 20 in this way is particularly effective when the blade body 20 has a "hollow structure" as in some embodiments. .. That is, when the blade body 20 has a hollow structure, a communication path between the outside and the inside of the wind turbine blade 2 is formed as the erosion of the joint surface between the metal receptacle 50 and the blade body 20 progresses. Where there is a concern that foreign matter may enter the inside (hollow portion) of the blade body 20, it is technically useful to be able to suppress erosion at the joint surface as described above.

In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the junction line 70 has an intersection Q of the junction line 70 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2 when viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade 2. It may be linear so as to coincide with the intersection R of the tangent line 72 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2. In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the junction line 70 has an intersection Q of the junction line 70 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2 when viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade 2. It may be curved so as to be located on the blade tip 2B side with respect to the intersection R between the tangent line 72 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2. Further, in some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the junction line 70 is the intersection Q of the junction line 70 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2 when viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade 2. However, it may be bent so as to be located on the blade tip 2B side with respect to the intersection R between the tangent line 72 and the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2.

According to the above configuration, the joint line 70 between the metal receptacle 50 and the wing body 20 having a hollow structure has the intersection Q between the joint line 70 and the trailing edge 23 of the windmill blade 2 of the tangent line 72 and the windmill blade 2. In the range located on the wing tip 2B side with respect to the intersection R with the trailing edge 23, the shape may not be straight from the front edge 21 to the trailing edge 23. As a result, the degree of freedom in designing the shape of the joint portion 10 between the metal receptor 50 and the blade body 20 can be improved, so that damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion is more preferable using the metal receptors 50 having various shapes. Can be reduced to.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7 above, which of the intersection P of the junction line 70 and the front edge 21 and the intersection Q of the junction line 70 and the trailing edge 23 is the tip of the wing? The arrangement may be closer to the portion 2B. That is, the intersection P may be arranged closer to the blade tip 2B than the intersection Q, or the intersection Q may be arranged closer to the blade tip 2B than the intersection P. Further, the intersection R of the tangent line 72 and the trailing edge 23 may be on the wing root portion 2A side of the cord line with respect to the cord line passing through the intersection P, or on the wing tip portion 2B side of the cord line. There may be.

In some embodiments, the tangent 72 is corded so as to approach the blade tip 2B from the front edge 21 towards the trailing edge 23 of the wind turbine blade 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, 9, or 10. It may be inclined with respect to. According to this configuration, since the member located on the front edge 21 side with respect to the joining line 70 is the metal receptor 50, erosion at the joining line 70 can be effectively suppressed.

In some embodiments, the length L1 of the metal receptacle 50 along the blade length direction is 0.1% or more and 0.9% or less (0.001L ≦ L1 ≦ 0.009L) of the blade length L of the wind turbine blade 2. ) Or 50 mm or more and 700 mm or less (50 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 700 mm) (see FIGS. 2 and 4). By doing so, by setting the length of the metal receptor 50 to 0.1% or more or 50 mm or more of the blade length, high lightning resistance performance by the metal receptor 50 can be realized. On the other hand, by setting the length of the metal receptor 50 to 0.9% or less or 700 mm or less of the blade length, it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the wind turbine blade 2 due to the increase in size of the metal receptor 50.

In some embodiments, the width W1 of the metal receptor 50 along the cord direction is 0.25% or more and 0.9% or less (0.0025L ≦ W1 ≦ 0.009L) of the blade length L of the wind turbine blade 2. Alternatively, it may be 200 mm or more and 700 mm or less (200 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 700 mm) (see FIGS. 2 and 4). By doing so, by setting the width of the metal receptor 50 to 0.25% or more or 200 mm or more of the blade length, high lightning resistance performance by the metal receptor 50 can be realized. On the other hand, by setting the width of the metal receptor 50 to 0.9% or less or 700 mm or less of the blade length, it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the wind turbine blade 2 due to the increase in size of the metal receptor 50.

In some embodiments, the junction line 70 may have a curved shape having a radius of curvature R1 (R1 ≤ 0.009 L) of 0.009 L or less, where L is the wingspan of the wind turbine blade 2. 2. See FIGS. 8 and 9). According to this configuration, since the joint line 70 has a curved shape, the intersection P of the front edge 21 and the joint line 70 is suppressed while suppressing the weight bias toward the front edge 21 side or the trailing edge 23 side of the metal receptor 50. It becomes easy to sufficiently secure the inclination angle of the tangent line 72 of the upper joint line 70 with respect to the cord direction, and erosion at the joint line 70 can be effectively suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 11, in some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 may further include a first erosion resistant layer 80 that at least partially covers the outer surface of the blade body 20.
In some embodiments, the first erosion resistant layer 80 is a protective material having abrasion resistance (corrosion resistance) and may include, for example, forms such as tape, paint, coating and the like. The first erosion resistant layer 80 is applied or attached to the surface of the blade main body 20 to protect the blade main body 20 from collision with foreign matter F in the air. In some embodiments, the first erosion resistant layer 80 is, for example, a polyurethane paint (eg, 3M Wind Blade Protection Coating W4600 from 3M (registered trademark) or a polyurethane paint from BASF) or a tape coated with it. May be used.
According to this configuration, damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion can be more effectively reduced by further providing the first erosion resistant layer 80 that covers the outer surface of the blade main body 20 at least partially.

As shown in FIG. 11, in some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 is a second erosion resistant layer that covers at least a portion of the joint line 70 between the metal receptor 50 and the blade body 20 on the front edge 21 side. 82 may be further provided. By further providing the second erosion resistant layer 82 in this way, it is possible to cover at least a portion of the joint line 70 between the metal receptor 50 and the blade main body 20 on the front edge 21 side. Therefore, erosion at the junction line 70 can be suppressed more effectively.

As shown in FIG. 12, in some embodiments, the wind turbine blade 2 is connected to a metal receptacle 50, and a metal foil extending from the connection portion with the metal receiver 50 toward the blade root portion 2A of the wind turbine blade 2. A lightning current transmission unit 90 including at least one of 32 or the down conductor 8 may be further provided. According to this configuration, by further providing the lightning current transmission unit 90 including at least one of the metal foil 32 or the down conductor 8, the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion described in some of the above-described embodiments is suppressed. It is possible to more reliably demonstrate lightning resistance while enjoying the above.

Here, a configuration example of the metal receptor 50 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the tip end side of the wind turbine blade according to the embodiment.
First recesses 54A and 54B and second recesses 56A and 56B are provided on the outer surface of the end of the metal receptor 50. The first recesses 54A and 54B and the second recesses 56A and 56B are provided adjacent to each other in the blade length direction via the steps 55A and 55B, and the first recesses 54A and 54B are located on the blade root portion 2A side and the second recesses. 56A and 56B are located on the blade tip 2B side. The first recesses 54A and 54B are formed shallower than the second recesses 56A and 56B. The first recess is provided with bolt holes 57A1 and 57B1, and the second recess is provided with bolt holes 57A2 and 57B2. Although the configuration in which the first recesses 54A and 54B and the second recesses 56A and 56B are provided adjacent to each other in the blade length direction is illustrated here, the configuration of the recesses is not limited to this, and for example, the first recesses 54A, The 54B and the second recesses 56A and 56B may be provided adjacent to each other in the blade width direction.
In some embodiments, the metal receptor 50 may be made of copper or a copper alloy. In this way, the metal receptor 50 made of highly conductive copper or a copper alloy enjoys the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion described in some of the above-described embodiments, and has lightning resistance. Can be demonstrated more reliably.

In some embodiments, the wing body 20 may include an FRP shell 29 that is superposed on the metal receptor 50 and is connected to the metal receptor 50. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, in the joint portion 10 between the wing body portion 20 and the metal receptor 50, the fiber reinforced plastic 24A is made of metal with the fiber reinforced plastic 24A (FRP) and the metal receptor 50 at least overlapped with each other. It is fastened to the receptacle 50 and the end of the metal foil 32 is electrically connected to the metal receptacle 50. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the metal foil 32 is sandwiched between the first metal plate 40 and the second metal plate 42 at the joint portion 10. The first metal plate 40 and the second metal plate 42 may extend from the joint portion 10 to a position in the middle of the blade body portion 20.
Then, the fiber reinforced plastic 24A, the second metal plate 42, the metal foil 32 and the first metal plate 40 forming the end portion of the wing body portion 20 are engaged with the first recesses 54A and 54B, and the bolt holes 57A1 are engaged. , 57B1 are screwed together by bolts 46 to fasten these members together. As a result, the blade body 20 and the metal receptor 50 are connected. At this time, since the fiber-reinforced plastic 24A and the metal receptacle 50 to be fastened to each other are at least overlapped with each other, a large contact area between the two members at the joint portion 10 can be secured, and the wind load received by the wind turbine blade 2 or the like can secure a large contact area. It is possible to maintain a high connection strength that can withstand the bending moment of the wind turbine blade 2 that is generated. Further, the first recesses 54A and 54B can be brought into surface contact with the fiber reinforced plastic 24A, and a high connection strength between the blade body 20 and the metal receptor 50 can be ensured.

Further, the second metal plate 42, the metal foil 32 and the first metal plate 40 are engaged with the second recesses 56A and 56B, and these members are co-located by the bolts 48 screwed into the bolt holes 57A2 and 57B2. It is tightened. As a result, the metal foil 32 is connected to the metal receptor 50 via the second metal plate 42. Therefore, the metal foil 32 that functions as a down conductor and the metal receptor 50 are electrically connected. At this time, since the metal foil 32 is fastened in a state of being overlapped with the metal receiver 50 via the second metal plate 42, it is possible to take a large electrical connection area between the metal foil 32 and the metal receiver 50. Therefore, the lightning current received by the metal receptacle 50 can be smoothly passed through the metal foil 32. Further, the second recesses 56A and 56B can be brought into surface contact with each other, and the metal foil 32 and the metal receptor 50 can be electrically connected to each other via the second metal plate 42. According to this configuration, damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion described in some of the above-described embodiments is suppressed at the connection portion between the hollow structure FRP shell 29 made of fiber reinforced plastic 24A and the metal receptor 50. You can enjoy the effect.

As shown in FIG. 13, in some embodiments, the metal receptor 50 is formed on a first portion 52A and a first portion 52A forming a pressure surface (positive pressure surface) 27 on the blade tip portion 2B side of the wind turbine blade 2. The second portion 52B, which is fastened and forms the negative pressure surface 25 on the blade tip portion 2B side of the wind turbine blade 2, may be included. In one embodiment, the first portion 52A of the metal receptor 50 may have a shape that is substantially symmetrical to the second portion 52B. The mating surface 53A of the first portion 52A is abutted against the mating surface 53B of the second portion 52B and is fastened to the second portion 52B. A plurality of bolt holes (not shown) are formed on the mating surface 53A of the first portion 52A, and a plurality of bolt holes (not shown) are formed on the mating surface 53B of the second portion 52B at positions corresponding to the bolt holes. ing. In this way, the first portion 52A and the second portion 52B are bolted together with the mating surfaces 53A and 53B abutted against each other. By forming the metal receptor 50 in a half shape in this way, the metal plates 40, 42, the metal foil 32, and the like can be easily attached to the metal receptor 50. According to this configuration, the metal receptacle 50 includes a first portion 52A forming a positive pressure surface 27 on the blade tip 2B side and a second portion 52B forming a negative pressure surface 25 on the blade tip 2B side. As a result, the configuration can be easily assembled and maintained on the blade main body 20 while enjoying the effect of suppressing damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion described in some of the above-described embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 13, in some embodiments, the metal receptor 50 may have a cavity 51 inside. With this configuration, since the metal receptor 50 has a cavity 51 inside, erosion at the junction line 70 can be suppressed while suppressing an increase in the weight of the metal receptor 50.

In some embodiments, the metal receptor 50 may include, for example, a cavity 51 formed therein and a drain hole 59 communicating with the cavity 51, as shown in FIG. According to this configuration, the metal receptor 50 includes a drain hole 59 that communicates with the cavity 51 formed inside the metal receptor 50, so that, for example, when foreign matter F such as raindrops accumulates in the cavity 51, the drain hole 59 Since the foreign matter F can be discharged to the outside of the metal receptor 50 via the erosion, damage to the wind turbine blade 2 due to erosion can be effectively suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 13, for example, the second portion 52B is provided with a cavity (recess) 51 that forms a cavity inside the metal receptor 50 together with the recess of the first portion 52A in a state of being abutted against the first portion 52A. Further, at least one drain hole 59 communicating with the cavity 51 may be provided. The drain hole 59 is arranged at the tip of the metal receptor 50. When the cavity 51 is divided into a plurality of cavities by the mating surface 53B, a groove may be provided in the mating surface 53B to allow the plurality of cavities 51 to communicate with each other.
With such a configuration, foreign matter F such as raindrops accumulated inside the metal receptor 50 can be smoothly discharged to the outside from the cavity formed by the cavity 51 through the drain hole 59.
The first portion 52A may also have the same configuration as the second portion 52B.

As described above, according to some of the above-described embodiments, it is possible to obtain a wind turbine 1 provided with a wind turbine blade 2 capable of effectively suppressing erosion at the joint line 70.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes a modified form of the above-described embodiments and an appropriate combination of these embodiments.

1 Windmill (wind power generator)
2 Windmill wing 2A Wing root 2B Airfoil tip 2C Airfoil 3 Hub 4 Nacelle 5 Tower 8 Downconductor 10 Connection 20 Wing body 21 Front edge 22 Inner airfoil reinforcement 23 Rear edge 24 Airfoil forming material 24A Fiber reinforcement Plastic (FRP)
25 Negative pressure surface 26 Spar cap 27 Positive pressure surface (pressure surface)
28 Insulation layer 29 FRP shell 30 Outer wing root reinforcement 32 Metal leaf 34 Protective layer 36 Shearweb 40 1st metal plate 42 2nd metal plate 46,48 Bolt 50 Metal receptacle 51 Cavity 52A 1st part 52B 2nd part 53A, 53B Mating surface 54A, 54B 1st recess 55A, 55B Step 56A, 56B 2nd recess 57A1, 57A2, 57B1, 57B2 Bolt hole 59 Drain hole 70 Joint line 72 Tangent line 80 1st erosion resistant layer 82 2nd erosion resistant layer 90 Lightning current Transmission part F Foreign matter P, Q, R intersection

Claims (14)

It ’s a windmill wing,
The wing root portion that includes a wing root portion that is attached to the hub of the windmill, a wing tip portion that is farthest from the hub, and a wing center portion that extends along the wingspan direction between the wing root portion and the wing tip portion. A wing body portion having a front edge and a trailing edge extending from to the tip of the wing, and the cord direction is a direction along the cord connecting the front edge and the trailing edge.
A metal receptor forming the tip of the wind turbine blade and
With
The blade body has a hollow structure in which the tip side of the blade is open, is connected to the metal receptacle so as to be located on the blade root side with respect to the metal receptacle, and is connected to the metal receptacle in a joint region with the metal receptacle. At the same time, a blade shape is formed at the tip of the windmill blade.
When viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade, which is a direction perpendicular to both the blade length direction and the cord direction, the front edge of the wind turbine blade at the junction line between the metal receptacle and the blade body portion. A wind turbine blade characterized in that a tangent line on the intersection of the wind turbine blades is inclined with respect to the cord direction of the wind turbine blade so as to approach the tip of the blade from the front edge toward the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade. When viewed from the blade thickness direction of the wind turbine blade, the junction line is such that the intersection of the junction line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade is closer to the tip of the blade than the intersection of the tangent line and the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade. The windmill wing according to claim 1, characterized in that it is curved or bent so as to be located at. Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the length of the metal receptacle along the blade length direction is 0.1% or more and 0.9% or less, or 50 mm or more and 700 mm or less of the blade length of the wind turbine blade. Windmill wings described in. Any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width of the metal receptacle along the cord direction is 0.25% or more and 0.9% or less, or 200 mm or more and 700 mm or less of the blade length of the wind turbine blade. The wind turbine wing described in item 1. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the joint line has a curved shape having a radius of curvature of 0.009 L or less when the wingspan of the wind turbine blade is L. .. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a first erosion resistant layer that at least partially covers the outer surface of the blade main body. The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a second erosion resistant layer that covers at least a portion on the front edge side of the joint line between the metal receptor and the wing body. Windmill wings. A claim comprising a lightning current transmitting portion connected to the metal receptacle and including at least one of a metal leaf or a down conductor extending from the connection portion with the metal receiver toward the wing root portion of the wind turbine blade. Item 2. The wind turbine blade according to any one of Items 1 to 7. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the blade main body includes a fiber reinforced plastic shell that is connected to the metal receptor in a state of being overlapped with the metal receptor. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the metal receptor has a cavity inside. The wind turbine blade according to claim 10, wherein the metal receptor includes a drain hole communicating with the cavity. The metal receptor is
A first portion of the wind turbine blade that forms a pressure surface on the tip side of the blade,
A second portion that is fastened to the first portion and forms a negative pressure surface on the tip end side of the wind turbine blade, and a second portion.
The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the wind turbine blade comprises. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the metal receptor is made of copper or a copper alloy. Wind power generators you comprising the wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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