JP6869528B2 - Friction wear tester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a material friction and wear tester, and particularly to a structure for preventing lubrication of the friction surface.

The frictional wear test of a material is a wear test in which a test piece is pressed against a mating surface and relatively moved. A dry type in which the friction surface is unlubricated and a wet type in which a lubricant such as water or oil is supplied to the friction surface. There is.
Generally, in the dry type, the wear of the friction surface is not stable.
On the other hand, in the wet friction test under lubrication using a lubricating liquid, abnormal heat generation on the friction surface is suppressed, and the reproducibility of the amount of wear is high.
However, in the conventional friction and wear test, the lubricant is removed from the friction surface because the test piece is always in contact with the mating surface, and the relative reciprocating motion or rotational motion is performed. There was a problem that high and correct wear test results could not be obtained.

Patent Document 1 discloses a pattern setting structure of a slide surface having a pattern setting cam 20b provided on a guide plate 19 in FIG. 5, although it is a friction coefficient measuring device.
However, as is clear from FIG. 3 of the same publication, the main body support 14 fixed to the guide shafts 15a and 15b fixed to the support columns 16a and 16b on both sides in a gate-like shape is provided with respect to the main body support column 14. A tool 3 for measuring the coefficient of friction is fixed to the arm 10 that moves up and down.
From this, it is recognized that the tool 3 does not move up and down directly along the pattern setting cam 20b, but detects the shape of the pattern setting cam 20b with a sensor or the like, and the belofram cylinder expands and contracts by the electric signal. It is not a mechanical direct control of the contact pattern, but an electrically complex control.
Therefore, the upper and lower mechanical structures are also complicated.

Jikkai Sho 63-90148

An object of the present invention is to provide a friction and wear tester having high test reliability and a simple structure.

The friction and wear tester according to the present invention includes a holder portion for holding the test piece and a friction member that is in sliding contact with the test piece, and for relatively reciprocating or rotating the test piece and the friction member. It is characterized by having a motion mechanism of the above and a switching mechanism for mechanically switching between a sliding contact state and a separated state of the test piece and the friction member.

Here, mechanically switching between the sliding contact state and the separated state means that the test piece and the friction member are separated from the contact state by the contact or separation of the mechanical elements of each other without having an electric drive unit. Switching to a state.
For example, the switching mechanism may be a copying mechanism or a cam mechanism.
Here, the copying mechanism means that the other mechanical element moves along a guide portion (guide portion) provided on one mechanical element.

In the present invention, the friction coefficient measuring means may be provided, and in that case, it is preferable to have the switching mechanism at a position that does not affect the portion where the frictional force is measured.

In the present invention, the contact surface between the test piece and the friction member simply and mechanically repeats separation (separation) and contact, so that the lubricant is supplied to the friction surface due to its wettability or the like in the separated state. Therefore, stable wear test results can be obtained.
When a copying member, a cam, or the like is used as the switching mechanism, the lubricant supply timing can be easily changed by changing the shape and installation position of these members.

A structural example of the friction and wear tester according to the present invention is shown. The enlarged view of the friction part is shown. The reciprocating motion is shown, (a) shows a state in which the test piece is in sliding contact with the friction member, and (b) shows a state in which the test piece is separated. An example of rolling wear is shown. An example of pin-on disc wear is shown. An example of ring-on-disk wear is shown.

FIG. 1 shows a structural example of a reciprocating friction and wear tester to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the friction portion.
A slide 12 is provided on the upper side of the base portion 11 for the reciprocating portion.
A known LM guide mechanism such as an LM rail on one side and an LM block on the other side is adopted between the base portion 11 and the slide 12, and the base portion 11 has a driving portion.
The slide 12 has a mounting portion 13 for mounting the friction member 21, and a fixing portion 31 in which the copying member 32 as a mechanical element is fixed at a position away from the mounting position of the friction member 21 of the mounting portion 13. It is connected to the side surface of the mounting portion 13.
Here, the friction member 21 is a mating material for evaluating the amount of wear of the test piece 22.

In the portion that does not reciprocate, two columns 19 are erected, and a support shaft 16a is rotatably mounted so as to bridge between a pair of left and right shaft receiving portions 19a provided on the upper part of the columns 19. ..
A block-shaped support portion 16 is fixedly connected to the central portion of the support shaft 16a.
A frictional force detecting portion 17 made of a pair of elastic materials extending horizontally from both sides of the supporting portion 16 is attached, and a holder portion 14 is connected to the other end side of the pair of frictional force detecting portions 17.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a test piece mounting portion 14a is provided below the holder portion 14 so that the test piece 22 can be attached and detached.
The weight holding portion 15 is extended so as not to affect the friction force detecting portion 17 from the supporting portion 16, and the weight 15a is attached to the test piece 22 so that a predetermined pressing load is applied toward the friction member 21. You can do it.
This embodiment is an example in which the pin portion 15b is used.
A bearing 33 as a sliding member, which is a mechanical element, is attached to a position away from the mounting position of the test piece 22 from the support portion 16 side or the weight holding portion 15 side.
As a result, the holder portion 14 is rotatable in the vertical direction with the support shaft 16a as the center of rotation.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the balancer 18 is balanced on the back surface side (opposite side of the holder portion) of the support portion in FIG. 1 so that the holder portion 14 and the weight holding portion 15 are in a horizontal state when the weight 15a is not placed. It is an example of adjustable installation.
As a result, the weight of the weight 15a becomes the load on the test piece as it is.
Further, by attaching a strain gauge (not shown) to the friction force detection unit 17, the test piece 22 starts to move in sliding contact with the surface of the friction member 21, or a horizontal force (friction force) during the sliding contact movement. ) Can be detected, and the coefficient of static friction, the coefficient of dynamic friction, etc. can be measured from the value of the weight 15a.

Next, the operation of the friction and wear tester will be described with reference to FIG.
In the state of FIG. 3A, the test piece 22 mounted on the test piece mounting portion 14a of the holder 14 comes into contact with the friction member 21 in a state where the load of the weight 15a is applied, and the slide 12 reciprocates in the left-right direction. Due to the movement, the friction member 21 also reciprocates.
In FIG. 3, the mounting portion 13 is omitted for the sake of clarity, and the friction member 21 is schematically represented. However, the test piece 22 and the friction member 21 are located on the front side and slightly separated from each other on the back side. The copying member 32 and the bearing 33 are located.
In this embodiment, the shape of the friction member 21 is represented by an inverted trapezoid, but the present invention is not limited to this.
When the friction member 21 moves to the left from the state of FIG. 3 (a), the bearing 33 moves along the inclined surface (copying surface) 32a in which the outer direction of the copying member 32 is located on the upper side as shown in FIG. 3 (b). As it rises, the friction surface of the test piece 21 separates from the surface of the friction member 21, and during this time, the lubricant is supplied to the friction portion of the friction member 21 due to its wettability.
Assuming that FIG. 3B is the outward path, the bearing 33 is separated from the copying member 32 in the next return step, and the friction surface of the test piece 22 comes into contact with the surface of the friction member 21 to which the lubricant is supplied.
Therefore, the test piece 22 and the friction member 21 reciprocate while repeating contact and separation, and the reliability of the wear test is improved.
Although this embodiment is an example in which the friction member reciprocates, the test piece side may reciprocate.

The present invention is not limited to the reciprocating friction and wear test, and FIG. 4 shows an example applied to the rolling wear test.
This is a wear test method in which the friction member 121 and the test piece 122 come into contact with each other while rotating. A sliding member such as a cam 132 coaxially on one side of the friction member and the test piece and a bearing coaxially on the other side. By providing 133, the two rotating bodies repeat contact and separation.
FIG. 5 is a pin-on disc type, in which a cam 232 is provided along the outer peripheral portion on the disc side, and a sliding member 233 that moves in the vertical direction along the cam shape is provided on the holder 114 side on which the test piece 222 is mounted. This is an example.
FIG. 6 shows a ring-on-disc type, in which a cam portion 332 is attached to the surface of the rotating disc 321 so that the test piece 322 is interlocked with the sliding member (bearing) 333 to repeat contact and separation. Is.
As described above, the present invention can be applied to friction and wear testers having various structures.

11 Base part 12 Slide 13 Mounting part 14 Holder part 15 Weight holding part 15a Weight part 16 Support part 16a Support shaft 17 Friction force detection part 18 Balancer 19 Strut 19a Shaft receiving part 21 Friction member 22 Test piece 31 Fixed part 32 Copying member 33 bearing

Claims (2)

A holder portion for holding the test piece and a friction member that is in sliding contact with the test piece are provided.
A motion mechanism for relatively reciprocating or rotating the test piece and the friction member, and
It is a wet wear test using a lubricant having a switching mechanism for mechanically switching between a sliding contact state and a separated state between the test piece and the friction member.
The switching mechanism is a copying mechanism, and is
The copying mechanism has a bearing provided on the holder portion side for holding the test piece and a copying surface having an inclined surface provided on the friction member side.
A friction and wear tester characterized in that the bearing mechanically switches between a sliding contact state and a separated state between a test piece and a friction member by moving along the copying surface. Friction abrasion tester according to claim 1, further comprising a means for measuring the friction coefficient.

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