JP6857792B2

JP6857792B2 - Welding electrodes and welding methods for perforated parts

Info

Publication number: JP6857792B2
Application number: JP2018021410A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 青山　好高; 好高青山; 青山　省司; 省司青山
Original assignee: 青山　省司; 省司青山
Priority date: 2018-01-22
Filing date: 2018-01-22
Publication date: 2021-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-22
Also published as: JP2019126843A

Description

この発明は、孔あき部品を鋼板部品の下孔に対して、同軸状態で所定の位置に正しく配置して溶接する、孔あき部品用溶接電極および溶接方法に関している。 The present invention relates to a welding electrode for a perforated part and a welding method in which the perforated part is correctly arranged and welded at a predetermined position coaxially with respect to the prepared hole of the steel plate part.

特開２００８−１６１９２６号公報、特開２０１０−０００５３８号公報には、電極のガイドピンにテーパ部を設けて、このテーパ部をプロジェクションナットのねじ孔に進入させて、プロジェクションナットを電極軸線上に配置することが記載されている。 In JP-A-2008-161926 and JP-A-2010-000538, a tapered portion is provided on the guide pin of the electrode, and the tapered portion is inserted into the screw hole of the projection nut so that the projection nut is placed on the electrode axis. It is stated that it will be placed.

特開２００８−１６１９２６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-161926 特開２０１０−０００５３８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-000538

上記特許文献に記載されている技術は、プロジェクションナットのねじ孔の内径が、鋼板部品の下孔の内径よりも小さく設定してある。このように設定するのは、一般的なことであり、ねじ孔を貫通したボルトが下孔の内周面に接触しないようにするためである。通常は、ねじ孔と下孔の同軸配置を成立させるために、上記特許文献に記載されているように、鋼板部品の下孔を貫通した位置決めガイドピンにテーパ面を形成して、ナットがテーパ面に嵌め合わされるだけで、一時に、ねじ孔と下孔の同軸化が達成されるようになっている。 In the technique described in the above patent document, the inner diameter of the screw hole of the projection nut is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the prepared hole of the steel plate component. This setting is common and is to prevent the bolt penetrating the screw hole from coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the prepared hole. Normally, in order to establish the coaxial arrangement of the screw hole and the prepared hole, a tapered surface is formed on the positioning guide pin penetrating the prepared hole of the steel plate component as described in the above patent document, and the nut is tapered. Coaxialization of the screw hole and the pilot hole can be achieved at one time simply by fitting the screw hole to the surface.

ところが、ねじ孔の内径が、鋼板部品の下孔の内径よりも大きく設定してあるときには、下孔を貫通したガイドピンのテーパ部では、その直径がねじ孔の内径よりも小さいので、ねじ孔とテーパ部のテーパ嵌合が成立しないこととなる。上述のように、ねじ孔と下孔の大小関係が逆転すると、何らかの特別な対応が必要となる。 However, when the inner diameter of the screw hole is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the prepared hole of the steel plate part, the diameter of the tapered portion of the guide pin penetrating the prepared hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the screw hole. And the taper fitting of the tapered portion is not established. As described above, if the magnitude relationship between the screw hole and the prepared hole is reversed, some special measures are required.

本発明は、上記の問題点を解決するために提供されたもので、孔あき部品の通孔の内径が、鋼板部品の下孔の内径より大きくても、電極の進出動作で前記通孔と前記下孔との同軸性確保と、鋼板部品の位置ずれ防止を行うことを目的とする。 The present invention has been provided to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even if the inner diameter of the through hole of the perforated part is larger than the inner diameter of the prepared hole of the steel plate part, the electrode advances to form the through hole. It is an object of the present invention to ensure coaxiality with the prepared hole and to prevent misalignment of steel plate parts.

請求項１記載の発明は、孔あき部品用溶接電極であり、
円形の下孔が開けられている鋼板部品に対して、前記下孔よりも大径の円形の通孔を有する孔あき部品を、前記下孔と前記通孔が同心となるように、電極軸線上に配置された一対の電極による電気抵抗溶接で溶接するものであって、
前記下孔をほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通するとともに、前記孔あき部品の通孔内へ相対的に進入する進退式の待機ガイドピンを有する第１電極と、前記通孔を貫通する求心ガイドピンを有する第２電極が設けられ、
前記求心ガイドピンは、前記通孔に先行的に進入するガイド部と、前記ガイド部に連続した状態で形成されている求心テーパ部と、前記通孔にほぼ隙間のない状態で進入する位置確定部によって構成され、
前記求心ガイドピンが前記孔あき部品の通孔に進入するときに、求心ガイドピンが待機ガイドピンを押し込みながら、前記求心テーパ部によって孔あき部品の通孔と鋼板部品の下孔が同心状態となるように、孔あき部品が鋼板部品上を滑動するように構成したことを特徴とする。The invention according to claim 1 is a welded electrode for a perforated part.
For a steel plate part having a circular pilot hole, a perforated part having a circular through hole having a diameter larger than that of the pilot hole is provided with an electrode shaft so that the pilot hole and the through hole are concentric. It is welded by electric resistance welding with a pair of electrodes arranged on the wire.
A first electrode having an advancing / retreating type standby guide pin that penetrates the prepared hole with almost no gap and relatively enters the through hole of the perforated component, and a centripetal guide pin that penetrates the through hole. A second electrode is provided with
The position of the afferent guide pin is determined so that the guide portion that enters the through hole in advance, the afferent taper portion that is formed in a continuous state with the guide portion, and the afferent guide pin enters the through hole with almost no gap. Consists of departments
When the afferent guide pin enters the through hole of the perforated part, the afferent guide pin pushes the standby guide pin, and the afferent taper portion causes the through hole of the perforated part and the prepared hole of the steel plate part to be concentric. It is characterized in that the perforated part is configured to slide on the steel plate part so as to be.

孔あき部品が鋼板部品上に載せられて待機ガイドピンが孔あき部品の通孔を貫通しているときには、通孔と待機ガイドピンとの間に、鋼板部品の下孔と孔あき部品の通孔の内径差に相当する、大きな空隙が存在している。つまり、孔あき部品は直径方向に大きくずれることができる状態になっている。この状態では、鋼板部品の下孔に待機ガイドピンがほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通しているので、第１電極に対する鋼板部品の相対位置が正確に求められている。 When the perforated part is placed on the steel plate part and the standby guide pin penetrates the through hole of the perforated part, the prepared hole of the steel plate part and the through hole of the perforated part are between the through hole and the standby guide pin. There is a large void corresponding to the difference in inner diameter of. That is, the perforated parts are in a state where they can be greatly displaced in the diameter direction. In this state, since the standby guide pin penetrates the prepared hole of the steel plate component with almost no gap, the relative position of the steel sheet component with respect to the first electrode is accurately obtained.

この状態で第２電極が進出してくると、求心ガイドピンのガイド部が先行的に孔あき部品の通孔に進入して、求心ガイドピンが通孔に進入することが保障される。つまり、ガイド部はパイロットピンのような役割を果たしている。そして、求心ガイドピンの先端で待機ガイドピンを押し込んで行く。さらに、第２電極が進出すると、求心テーパ部の表面が孔あき部品の通孔の開口端縁部にほぼ線接触状態で擦れて、孔あき部品を直径方向に移動、つまり孔あき部品が鋼板部品上を滑動して、通孔内にほぼ隙間のない状態で位置確定部が進入し、孔あき部品の通孔と鋼板部品の下孔の同心状態が確保される。 When the second electrode advances in this state, the guide portion of the centripetal guide pin first enters the through hole of the perforated component, and the centripetal guide pin is guaranteed to enter the through hole. In other words, the guide section plays a role like a pilot pin. Then, the standby guide pin is pushed in with the tip of the centripetal guide pin. Further, when the second electrode advances, the surface of the centripetal taper portion rubs against the open end edge of the perforated part in a substantially linear contact state, and the perforated part moves in the radial direction, that is, the perforated part is a steel plate. By sliding on the component, the position-determining portion enters the through hole with almost no gap, and the through hole of the perforated component and the prepared hole of the steel plate component are concentric.

ガイド部が下孔に進入してから、求心テーパ部による孔あき部品の同軸化移動を開始したり、これに換えて、ガイド部が下孔に進入するのと同時または進入の直前に、求心テーパ部による孔あき部品の同軸化移動を開始したりすることが可能である。このような開始時期の選択は、求心テーパ部のテーパ面の傾斜角度と、ガイド部の長さの選定によって行われる。 After the guide portion enters the pilot hole, the coaxial movement of the perforated part by the centripetal taper portion is started, or instead, the centering is performed at the same time as the guide portion enters the pilot hole or immediately before the entry. It is possible to start the coaxial movement of the perforated part by the tapered portion. The selection of such a start time is performed by selecting the inclination angle of the tapered surface of the centripetal taper portion and the length of the guide portion.

この同心状態が成立し、孔あき部品と鋼板部品が両電極間で挟み付けられると、溶接電流が通電されて、孔あき部品が鋼板部品に溶接される。 When this concentric state is established and the perforated part and the steel plate part are sandwiched between the two electrodes, a welding current is applied and the perforated part is welded to the steel plate part.

孔あき部品は、求心ガイドピンの求心テーパ部によってその直径方向に移動して、鋼板部品の下孔と孔あき部品の通孔との同心性が確保されるので、第２電極の求心ガイドピンが進出する過渡期に、進出変位を直径方向の位置修正変位に変換して、確実な上記同軸性の確保がなされ、信頼性の高い求心動作がえられる。 The perforated part is moved in the radial direction by the afferent taper portion of the afferent guide pin, and the concentricity between the prepared hole of the steel plate part and the through hole of the perforated part is ensured. In the transitional period in which the advance is advanced, the advance displacement is converted into the position-correcting displacement in the radial direction to ensure the above-mentioned coaxiality, and a highly reliable centripetal operation can be obtained.

また、待機ガイドピンは、ほぼ隙間のない状態で鋼板部品の下孔を貫通し、求心ガイドピンのガイド部もほぼ隙間のない状態で鋼板部品の下孔を貫通することができるので、待機ガイドピンの直径と求心ガイドピンのガイド部の直径は同径とされ、第２電極の進出前および進出後のいずれにおいても、鋼板部品のずれ動きが防止され、鋼板部品に対する孔あき部品の溶接が高精度のもとで遂行される。 Further, the standby guide pin can penetrate the pilot hole of the steel plate component with almost no gap, and the guide portion of the centripetal guide pin can also penetrate the pilot hole of the steel plate component with almost no gap. The diameter of the pin and the diameter of the guide part of the centripetal guide pin are the same, and the displacement movement of the steel plate part is prevented both before and after the advance of the second electrode, and the perforated part is welded to the steel plate part. Performed with high precision.

第２電極が進出するときに、鋼板部品の位置ずれが待機ガイドピンと求心ガイドピンのガイド部によって禁止され、それと同時に孔あき部品の通孔と鋼板部品の下孔の同軸配置が達成される。このように、第２電極の進出ストロークで、鋼板部品のずれ防止と上記通孔・下孔同軸化が達成されて、簡素化された動作で正確な位置決めがなされる。 When the second electrode advances, the misalignment of the steel plate component is prohibited by the guide portions of the standby guide pin and the centripetal guide pin, and at the same time, the coaxial arrangement of the through hole of the perforated component and the prepared hole of the steel sheet component is achieved. In this way, the advance stroke of the second electrode achieves the prevention of displacement of the steel plate component and the coaxialization of the through-hole / pilot hole, and accurate positioning is performed with a simplified operation.

求心ガイドピンには、ガイド部、求心テーパ部、位置確定部が形成されており、ガイド部が鋼板部品の下孔に進入しているとき、または、ガイド部が下孔に進入する前に、求心テーパ部が孔あき部品の通孔に進入する。このようにガイド部が下孔に進入またはその前に、孔あき部品が直径方向に移動するので、この移動時に鋼板部品がずれ動くことがなく、下孔と通孔の同軸性が確保される。この同軸性の成立とともに位置確定部の進入で決定づけられるので、信頼性の高い電極動作がえられる。 The centripetal guide pin is formed with a guide portion, an centripetal taper portion, and a positioning portion, and when the guide portion enters the pilot hole of the steel plate component or before the guide portion enters the pilot hole. The centripetal taper enters the through hole of the perforated part. In this way, since the perforated part moves in the radial direction before or before the guide portion enters the prepared hole, the steel plate part does not shift during this movement, and the coaxiality between the prepared hole and the through hole is ensured. .. Since it is determined by the entry of the position fixing portion with the establishment of this coaxiality, highly reliable electrode operation can be obtained.

請求項２記載の発明は、孔あき部品の溶接方法であり、
円形の下孔が開けられている鋼板部品に対して、前記下孔よりも大径の円形の通孔を有する孔あき部品を、前記下孔と前記通孔が同心となるように、電極軸線上に配置された一対の電極による電気抵抗溶接で溶接するものであって、
前記下孔をほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通するとともに、前記孔あき部品の通孔内へ相対的に進入する進退式の待機ガイドピンを有する第１電極と、前記通孔を貫通する求心ガイドピンを有する第２電極が設けられ、
前記求心ガイドピンが、前記通孔に先行的に進入するガイド部と、前記ガイド部に連続した状態で形成されている求心テーパ部と、前記通孔にほぼ隙間のない状態で進入する位置確定部によって構成された孔あき部品用溶接電極を準備し、
前記求心ガイドピンが前記孔あき部品の通孔に進入するときに、求心ガイドピンが待機ガイドピンを押し込みながら、前記求心テーパ部によって孔あき部品の通孔と鋼板部品の下孔が同心状態となるように、孔あき部品が鋼板部品上を滑動するようにしたことを特徴とする。The invention according to claim 2 is a method for welding a perforated part.
For a steel plate part having a circular pilot hole, a perforated part having a circular through hole having a diameter larger than that of the pilot hole is provided with an electrode shaft so that the pilot hole and the through hole are concentric. It is welded by electric resistance welding with a pair of electrodes arranged on the wire.
A first electrode having an advancing / retreating type standby guide pin that penetrates the prepared hole with almost no gap and relatively enters the through hole of the perforated component, and a centripetal guide pin that penetrates the through hole. A second electrode is provided with
Position determination that the afferent guide pin enters the through hole in advance with a guide portion, a afferent taper portion formed in a continuous state with the guide portion, and the through hole with almost no gap. Prepare a welding electrode for perforated parts composed of parts,
When the afferent guide pin enters the through hole of the perforated part, the afferent guide pin pushes the standby guide pin, and the afferent taper portion causes the through hole of the perforated part and the prepared hole of the steel plate part to be concentric. It is characterized in that the perforated part slides on the steel plate part so as to be.

この溶接方法の発明の効果は、孔あき部品用溶接電極の発明の効果と同じである。 The effect of the invention of this welding method is the same as the effect of the invention of the welding electrode for perforated parts.

電極全体の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the whole electrode. 電極の作動順序を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the operation order of the electrode. 求心ガイドピンのガイド部を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the guide part of the centripetal guide pin. ほぼ隙間のない状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which there is almost no gap. 他の構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure. 孔あき部品の一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of a perforated part.

つぎに、本発明に係る孔あき部品用溶接電極および溶接方法を実施するための形態を説明する。 Next, a form for carrying out the welding electrode for perforated parts and the welding method according to the present invention will be described.

図１〜図６は、本発明の実施例を示す。 1 to 6 show examples of the present invention.

最初に、本発明における孔あき部品について説明する。 First, the perforated component in the present invention will be described.

孔あき部品としては、ねじ孔を有するプロジェクションナット、円筒型の環状部品など、種々なものがある。ここでは、後者の環状部品である。 As the perforated part, there are various parts such as a projection nut having a screw hole and a cylindrical annular part. Here, it is the latter annular part.

環状部品を、図６にしたがって説明する。孔あき部品１は、円筒型であり、その中央部に円形の通孔２が形成され、同部品の端面３に３個の溶着用突起４が１２０度間隔で設けられている。孔あき部品１は、鉄製である。孔あき部品１は、図２（Ｄ）に示すように、電気抵抗溶接により鋼板部品５に溶接される。鋼板部品５には円形の下孔６が開けられ、通孔４の内径は下孔６の内径よりも大きくなっている。図２（Ｄ）は、溶接が完了した状態を示しており、黒く塗りつぶした箇所が溶着部７である。 The annular component will be described with reference to FIG. The perforated component 1 has a cylindrical shape, a circular through hole 2 is formed in the center thereof, and three welding protrusions 4 are provided on the end surface 3 of the component at intervals of 120 degrees. The perforated part 1 is made of iron. As shown in FIG. 2D, the perforated part 1 is welded to the steel plate part 5 by electric resistance welding. A circular pilot hole 6 is formed in the steel plate component 5, and the inner diameter of the through hole 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the pilot hole 6. FIG. 2D shows a state in which welding is completed, and the portion painted in black is the welded portion 7.

本実施例における孔あき部品１や下孔６の寸法は、孔あき部品１の外形が１８ｍｍ、通孔２の内径が１２ｍｍ、電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏ方向の長さが１２ｍｍである。また、鋼板部品５の厚さは１ｍｍ、通孔６の内径は６．５ｍｍである。 The dimensions of the perforated component 1 and the prepared hole 6 in this embodiment are that the outer shape of the perforated component 1 is 18 mm, the inner diameter of the through hole 2 is 12 mm, and the length in the electrode axis OO direction is 12 mm. The thickness of the steel plate component 5 is 1 mm, and the inner diameter of the through hole 6 is 6.5 mm.

つぎに、電極について説明する。 Next, the electrodes will be described.

電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏに沿って、静止状態の下部電極である第１電極８と、エアシリンダなどの駆動手段で進退し、上部電極とされた第２電極９が、一対の電極として配置してある。 Along the electrode axis OO, the first electrode 8 which is a stationary lower electrode and the second electrode 9 which moves forward and backward by a driving means such as an air cylinder and becomes an upper electrode are arranged as a pair of electrodes. is there.

第１電極８と第２電極９は、ガイドピンと圧縮コイルスプリング以外は同様な構造なので、構造の詳細は第１電極８について説明し、同様の機能を果たす部材については、第２電極９には同じ符号が記載されている。 Since the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 9 have the same structure except for the guide pin and the compression coil spring, the details of the structure will be described with respect to the first electrode 8, and the members having the same functions will be described in the second electrode 9. The same reference numerals are given.

クロム銅のような銅合金製導電性金属材料で作られた電極本体１１は、円筒状の形状であり、断面円形とされ、静止部材１２に差し込まれている固定部１３と、鋼板部品５が載置されるキャップ部１４が、ねじ部１５において結合されて、断面円形の電極本体１１が形成されている。 The electrode body 11 made of a conductive metal material made of a copper alloy such as chrome copper has a cylindrical shape, has a circular cross section, and has a fixing portion 13 inserted into the stationary member 12 and a steel plate component 5. The cap portion 14 to be mounted is connected at the screw portion 15 to form an electrode body 11 having a circular cross section.

電極本体１１には、断面円形のガイド孔１６が形成され、このガイド孔１６は、固定部１３に形成された大径孔１７と、この大径孔１７よりも小径でキャップ部１４に形成された中径孔１８、この中径孔１８よりも小径の小径孔１９が形成され、大径孔１７、中径孔１８、小径孔１９は、電極の電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏ上に整列した同軸状態で配置されている。 A guide hole 16 having a circular cross section is formed in the electrode body 11, and the guide hole 16 is formed in the large-diameter hole 17 formed in the fixing portion 13 and the cap portion 14 having a diameter smaller than the large-diameter hole 17. A medium-diameter hole 18 and a small-diameter hole 19 having a diameter smaller than the medium-diameter hole 18 are formed, and the large-diameter hole 17, the medium-diameter hole 18, and the small-diameter hole 19 are in a coaxial state aligned on the electrode axis OO of the electrode. It is arranged in.

鋼板部品５が載置される電極本体１１の端面から突出し、鋼板部品５の下孔６を貫通する断面円形の真っ直ぐな待機ガイドピン２１が、ステンレス鋼のような金属材料またはセラミック材料などの耐熱硬質材料で構成されている。 A straight standby guide pin 21 having a circular cross section that protrudes from the end face of the electrode body 11 on which the steel plate component 5 is placed and penetrates the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 is heat-resistant to a metal material such as stainless steel or a ceramic material. It is made of hard material.

また、後述のように、ガイド孔１６に対して摺動状態で進退する断面円形の摺動部２２が耐熱性に優れた絶縁性合成樹脂材料、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（商品名＝テフロン）によって構成されている。別の材料として、ポリアミド樹脂の中から、耐熱性、耐摩耗性にすぐれた樹脂を採用することも可能である。 Further, as will be described later, an insulating synthetic resin material in which the sliding portion 22 having a circular cross section that advances and retreats with respect to the guide hole 16 in a sliding state has excellent heat resistance, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name = Teflon). It is composed of. As another material, it is also possible to use a resin having excellent heat resistance and abrasion resistance from the polyamide resins.

つぎに、待機ガイドピンと摺動部の一体化部品を説明する。 Next, an integrated component of the standby guide pin and the sliding portion will be described.

摺動部２２の中心部に待機ガイドピン２１を差し込んで、待機ガイドピン２１と摺動部２２の一体化が図られている。待機ガイドピン２１を摺動部２２に一体化する構造としては、摺動部２２のインジェクション成型時に、待機ガイドピン２１を一緒にモールドインする方法や、待機ガイドピン２１に結合ボルト構造部を設ける方法など、種々なものが採用できる。 The standby guide pin 21 is inserted into the central portion of the sliding portion 22, and the standby guide pin 21 and the sliding portion 22 are integrated. As a structure in which the standby guide pin 21 is integrated with the sliding portion 22, a method of molding the standby guide pin 21 together at the time of injection molding of the sliding portion 22 or a connecting bolt structure portion is provided on the standby guide pin 21. Various methods can be adopted.

ここでは、後者の結合ボルト構造部のタイプである。 Here, it is the latter type of connecting bolt structure.

すなわち、待機ガイドピン２１の下端部にこれと一体的にボルト２３が形成され、摺動部２２の底部材２４にボルト２３を貫通し、ワッシャ２５を組み付けてロックナット２６で締め付けてある。摺動部２２は、第１電極８と対をなす第２電極９が動作して溶接電流が通電されたときに、電流が孔あき部品１の溶着用突起４から鋼板部品５にのみ流れるように、絶縁機能を果たしている。 That is, a bolt 23 is formed integrally with the lower end portion of the standby guide pin 21, the bolt 23 is penetrated through the bottom member 24 of the sliding portion 22, the washer 25 is assembled, and the bolt 23 is tightened with the lock nut 26. In the sliding portion 22, when the second electrode 9 paired with the first electrode 8 operates and a welding current is applied, the current flows only from the welding projection 4 of the perforated component 1 to the steel plate component 5. In addition, it has an insulating function.

圧縮コイルスプリング２７は、摺動部２２とガイド孔１６の内底面の間に嵌め込まれており、その張力が摺動部２２に作用している。なお、符号２８は、ガイド孔１６の内底面に嵌め込んだ絶縁シートを示している。圧縮コイルスプリング２７の張力が、後述の静止内端面に対する可動端面の加圧密着を成立させている。圧縮コイルスプリング２７は、加圧手段であり、これに換えて圧縮空気の圧力を利用することも可能である。 The compression coil spring 27 is fitted between the sliding portion 22 and the inner bottom surface of the guide hole 16, and the tension thereof acts on the sliding portion 22. Reference numeral 28 indicates an insulating sheet fitted into the inner bottom surface of the guide hole 16. The tension of the compression coil spring 27 establishes the consolidation of the movable end surface with respect to the stationary inner end surface, which will be described later. The compression coil spring 27 is a pressurizing means, and the pressure of compressed air can be used instead.

つぎに、摺動部各部とガイド孔各部の嵌め合い対応関係を説明する。 Next, the fitting correspondence relationship between each sliding portion and each guide hole will be described.

摺動部２２には、大径部２９と中径部３０が形成され、中径部３０よりも小径の待機ガイドピン２１が一体化されている。大径部２９が、大径孔１７の内面との間に実質的に隙間がなくて摺動できる状態で大径孔１７に嵌め込んであり、中径部３０が、中径孔１８の内面との間に実質的に隙間がなくて摺動できる状態で中径孔１８に嵌め込んである。このような「・・実質的に隙間がなくて摺動できる状態・・」というのは、摺動部２２に電極本体１１の直径方向の力を作用させても、隙間感覚のあるカタカタといったがたつき感触がなく、しかも電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏ方向の摺動が可能な状態を意味している。小径孔１９を貫通して電極本体１１の端面から突き出ている待機ガイドピン２１によって、待機ガイドピン２１が押し下げられたとき冷却空気が通過する通気隙間３２が、小径孔１９と待機ガイドピン２１の間に形成してある。 A large diameter portion 29 and a medium diameter portion 30 are formed in the sliding portion 22, and a standby guide pin 21 having a diameter smaller than that of the medium diameter portion 30 is integrated. The large-diameter portion 29 is fitted into the large-diameter hole 17 in a state where it can slide with substantially no gap between the large-diameter portion 29 and the inner surface of the large-diameter hole 17, and the medium-diameter portion 30 is the inner surface of the medium-diameter hole 18. It is fitted into the medium diameter hole 18 in a state where it can slide with substantially no gap between the two. Such a "state in which the sliding portion can be slid without a gap ..." means that even if a force in the radial direction of the electrode body 11 is applied to the sliding portion 22, there is a rattling feeling. It means a state in which there is no feeling of rattling and the electrode axis can be slid in the OO direction. The ventilation gap 32 through which the cooling air passes when the standby guide pin 21 is pushed down by the standby guide pin 21 that penetrates the small diameter hole 19 and protrudes from the end surface of the electrode body 11 is formed between the small diameter hole 19 and the standby guide pin 21. It is formed between them.

つぎに、冷却空気の断続構造を説明する。 Next, the intermittent structure of the cooling air will be described.

冷却空気をガイド孔１６に導く通気口３３が形成してある。大径部２９と大径孔１７の摺動箇所の空気通路を確保するために、大径部２９の外周面に電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏ方向の凹溝を形成することもできるが、ここでは図１（Ｃ）に示すように、大径部２９の外周面に電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏ方向の平面部３４を形成して、平面部３４と大径孔１７の円弧型内面で構成された空気通路３５が形成されている。このような平面部３４を９０度間隔で形成して、４箇所に空気通路３５を設けている。 A vent 33 is formed to guide the cooling air to the guide hole 16. In order to secure an air passage between the large-diameter portion 29 and the sliding portion of the large-diameter hole 17, a concave groove in the electrode axis OO direction can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 29. As shown in 1 (C), an air passage formed by forming a flat surface portion 34 in the electrode axis OO direction on the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 29 and being composed of the flat surface portion 34 and the arc-shaped inner surface of the large diameter hole 17. 35 is formed. Such flat surface portions 34 are formed at intervals of 90 degrees, and air passages 35 are provided at four locations.

ガイド孔１６の中径孔１８と大径孔１７の境界部に環状の静止内端面３６が形成されている。また、摺動部２２の中径部３０と大径部２９の境界部に環状の可動端面３７が形成されている。静止内端面３６と可動端面３７は電極本体１１の電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏが垂直に交わる仮想平面上に配置してあり、圧縮コイルスプリング２７の張力によって可動端面３７が静止内端面３６に対して環状状態で密着し、この密着によって冷却空気の封止がなされている。 An annular stationary inner end surface 36 is formed at the boundary between the medium-diameter hole 18 and the large-diameter hole 17 of the guide hole 16. Further, an annular movable end surface 37 is formed at the boundary between the medium diameter portion 30 and the large diameter portion 29 of the sliding portion 22. The stationary inner end surface 36 and the movable end surface 37 are arranged on a virtual plane where the electrode axis OO of the electrode body 11 intersects vertically, and the movable end surface 37 is annular with respect to the stationary inner end surface 36 due to the tension of the compression coil spring 27. It adheres in a state, and the cooling air is sealed by this adhesion.

つぎに、待機ガイドピンと孔あき部品の配置関係を説明する。 Next, the arrangement relationship between the standby guide pin and the perforated component will be described.

鋼板部品５を第１電極８上に載置するのは、作業者が鋼板部品５を両電極間に差し込んで載置してもよいが、ここではロボット装置３８で載置動作を行っている。 The steel plate component 5 may be mounted on the first electrode 8 by the operator inserting the steel plate component 5 between the two electrodes, but here, the robot device 38 is used for the mounting operation. ..

鋼板部品５の下孔６を隙間のない状態で貫通している待機ガイドピン２１は、キャップ部１４から突き出ており、供給されてきた孔あき部品１が待機ガイドピン２１に合致する。この合致は、孔あき部品１が待機ガイドピン２１に向って供給されるので、待機ガイドピン２１が相対的に進入することになる。待機ガイドピン２１の直径は、下孔６の内径よりも僅かに小さいので、孔あき部品１の通孔２は待機ガイドピン２１の直径よりも、孔あき部品１が大きく偏心できるくらいに、大きく設定されている。 The standby guide pin 21 penetrating the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 without a gap protrudes from the cap portion 14, and the supplied perforated component 1 matches the standby guide pin 21. In this match, the perforated component 1 is supplied toward the standby guide pin 21, so that the standby guide pin 21 relatively enters. Since the diameter of the standby guide pin 21 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the prepared hole 6, the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 is larger than the diameter of the standby guide pin 21 so that the perforated component 1 can be eccentric. It is set.

孔あき部品１の供給方法は、斜め上方から進出してくる進退式の供給ロッドを用いたり、電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏに直交する方向からスクエアーモーションをともなって進退する供給ロッドを用いたりする、種々なものが採用できる。ここでは、前者の方式である。供給ロッド４１は、進退動作式とされ、孔あき部品１の通孔２を貫通する供給ロッド４１に沿って孔あき部品１が滑降し、孔あき部品１が供給ロッド４１の端部から離れるのと同時に転落しながら、孔あき部品１が円弧運動をして待機ガイドピン２１に嵌め合わされる。 There are various supply methods for the perforated component 1, such as using an advancing / retreating type supply rod that advances from diagonally above, or using a supply rod that advances / retreats with a square motion from a direction orthogonal to the electrode axis OO. Can be adopted. Here, the former method is used. The supply rod 41 is of an advancing / retreating operation type, and the perforated part 1 slides down along the supply rod 41 penetrating the through hole 2 of the perforated part 1, and the perforated part 1 separates from the end of the supply rod 41. At the same time, while falling, the perforated part 1 makes an arc motion and is fitted to the standby guide pin 21.

なお、待機ガイドピン２１の先端部には、後述の求心ガイドピンのずれ動きを防止するための凹部３９が形成してある。 The tip of the standby guide pin 21 is formed with a recess 39 for preventing the afferent guide pin, which will be described later, from shifting.

上記のような径差があるので、後述の求心ガイドピンによる下孔６と通孔２との同心化動作が必要になっている。 Since there is a diameter difference as described above, it is necessary to perform a concentric operation between the prepared hole 6 and the through hole 2 by the afferent guide pin described later.

つぎに、第２電極の求心ガイドピンについて説明する。 Next, the afferent guide pin of the second electrode will be described.

前述のように、第１電極８と第２電極９の構造は、ガイドピン部分の形状と圧縮コイルスプリング以外は同じなので、第２電極９については、ガイドピン形状と圧縮コイルスプリングについてだけの説明としている。 As described above, the structures of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 9 are the same except for the shape of the guide pin portion and the compression coil spring. Therefore, regarding the second electrode 9, only the guide pin shape and the compression coil spring will be described. It is supposed to be.

第２電極９は上側の可動電極であるから、エアシリンダなどの駆動手段で進退する支持部材４２に結合されている。 Since the second electrode 9 is an upper movable electrode, it is coupled to a support member 42 that advances and retreats by a driving means such as an air cylinder.

求心ガイドピン４３は、ステンレス鋼のような金属材料またはセラミック材料などの耐熱硬質材料で構成され、下孔６をほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通する先端側のガイド部４４と、ガイド部４４に連続した状態で形成されている求心テーパ部４５と、通孔２にほぼ隙間のない状態で進入し、求心テーパ部４５に連続している位置確定部４６によって構成されている。ガイド部４４の直径は、待機ガイドピン２１の直径と同じであり、その先端部の形状は、凹部３９に合致する球状とされている。 The centripetal guide pin 43 is made of a heat-resistant hard material such as a metal material such as stainless steel or a ceramic material, and is continuous with the guide portion 44 on the tip side that penetrates the prepared hole 6 with almost no gap and the guide portion 44. It is composed of an afferent taper portion 45 formed in this state and a position determining portion 46 that enters the through hole 2 with almost no gap and is continuous with the afferent taper portion 45. The diameter of the guide portion 44 is the same as the diameter of the standby guide pin 21, and the shape of the tip portion thereof is spherical so as to match the recess 39.

なお、第２電極９の圧縮コイルスプリング２７の張力は、第１電極８の圧縮コイルスプリング２７の張力よりも大きく設定してあり、正常な動作においては、第１電極８の圧縮コイルスプリング２７だけが縮むようになっている。第２電極９の圧縮コイルスプリング２７が縮むのは、後述の孔あき部品１が供給されていないような異常時だけである。したがって、孔あき部品１の供給漏れが皆無であったり、孔あき部品１の供給有無を検知するセンサーが採用されたりしているときには、圧縮コイルスプリング２７を止めて求心ガイドピン４３を電極本体１１に固定することができる。 The tension of the compression coil spring 27 of the second electrode 9 is set to be larger than the tension of the compression coil spring 27 of the first electrode 8, and in normal operation, only the compression coil spring 27 of the first electrode 8 is set. Is shrinking. The compression coil spring 27 of the second electrode 9 contracts only when there is an abnormality such as the perforated component 1 described later is not supplied. Therefore, when there is no supply omission of the perforated component 1 or a sensor for detecting whether or not the perforated component 1 is supplied is adopted, the compression coil spring 27 is stopped and the centripetal guide pin 43 is attached to the electrode body 11. Can be fixed to.

下孔６を待機ガイドピン２１がほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通しているとか、通孔２を位置確定部４６がほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通しているというのは、図４（Ａ）に示すように、下孔６と待機ガイドピン２１の間の空隙が微小で待機ガイドピン２１の直径方向のがたつきがほとんどなく摺動に近い状態を意味し、また、図４（Ｂ）に示すように、通孔２と位置確定部４６の間の空隙が微小で求心ガイドピン４３の直径方向のがたつきがほとんどなく摺動に近い状態を意味している。このような隙間の設定によって、この種の部品の溶接構造部における芯出し精度が維持できる。 It is shown in FIG. 4A that the standby guide pin 21 penetrates the prepared hole 6 with almost no gap, and the position fixing portion 46 penetrates the through hole 2 with almost no gap. As shown, the gap between the prepared hole 6 and the standby guide pin 21 is very small, and there is almost no rattling in the diameter direction of the standby guide pin 21, which means that the standby guide pin 21 is close to sliding. As shown, the gap between the through hole 2 and the position fixing portion 46 is minute, and there is almost no rattling in the diameter direction of the centripetal guide pin 43, which means a state close to sliding. By setting such a gap, the centering accuracy of this type of component in the welded structure can be maintained.

つぎに、電極の動作を説明する。 Next, the operation of the electrodes will be described.

図１（Ａ）は、第２電極９が第１電極８から離れていて、孔あき部品１が待機ガイドピン２１へ供給された状態を示している。この状態では、孔あき部品１が直径方向にずれ動くことができ、下孔６との同軸性は成立していない。つまり、図２（Ａ）に示した偏心状態である。また、圧縮コイルスプリング２７の張力で可動端面３７が、静止内端面３６に密着していて、冷却空気の流通が遮断されている。 FIG. 1A shows a state in which the second electrode 9 is separated from the first electrode 8 and the perforated component 1 is supplied to the standby guide pin 21. In this state, the perforated component 1 can be displaced in the radial direction, and the coaxiality with the prepared hole 6 is not established. That is, it is the eccentric state shown in FIG. 2 (A). Further, the movable end surface 37 is in close contact with the stationary inner end surface 36 due to the tension of the compression coil spring 27, and the flow of cooling air is blocked.

ここで第２電極９が進出すると、ガイド部４４の先端が凹部３９に合致して、図２（Ａ）に示すように、待機ガイドピン２１を押し込んでゆく。ガイド部４４が先行的に通孔２に進入するので、求心ガイドピン４３が通孔２に進入することが保障される。つまり、ガイド部４４はパイロットピンのような役割を果たしている。この押し込みがさらに進行すると、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、求心テーパ部４５のテーパ面が通孔２の開口端縁部にほぼ線接触をするので、そのときに発生する直径方向の分力によって孔あき部品１は鋼板部品５上を滑動する。さらに押し込みが進行すると、図２（Ｃ）に示すように、上記滑動によって通孔２と下孔６が同軸状態になり、位置確定部４６も通孔２内にほぼ隙間のない状態で進入する。この進入状態は、図１（Ｂ）に示されており、さらに第２電極９が進出すると、図２（Ｃ）に示すように、両電極間で孔あき部品１と鋼板部品５が挟み付けられる。この状態で溶接電流が通電されて、溶接が完了する。図２（Ｃ）の状態では、第２電極９側の圧縮コイルスプリング２７は縮まっていない。 Here, when the second electrode 9 advances, the tip of the guide portion 44 coincides with the recess 39, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the standby guide pin 21 is pushed in. Since the guide portion 44 enters the through hole 2 in advance, it is guaranteed that the centripetal guide pin 43 enters the through hole 2. That is, the guide unit 44 plays a role like a pilot pin. As this pushing progresses further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the tapered surface of the afferent taper portion 45 makes a substantially linear contact with the open end edge portion of the through hole 2, so that the portion in the radial direction generated at that time is substantially linearly contacted. The perforated part 1 slides on the steel plate part 5 by the force. As the pushing progresses further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the through hole 2 and the prepared hole 6 are in a coaxial state due to the sliding, and the position fixing portion 46 also enters the through hole 2 with almost no gap. .. This approach state is shown in FIG. 1 (B), and when the second electrode 9 further advances, the perforated component 1 and the steel plate component 5 are sandwiched between the two electrodes as shown in FIG. 2 (C). Be done. In this state, the welding current is applied and welding is completed. In the state of FIG. 2C, the compression coil spring 27 on the second electrode 9 side is not contracted.

第２電極９による待機ガイドピン２１の後退によって、可動端面３７が、静止内端面３６から離れて、冷却空気の通路が形成され、溶融局部への冷却空気が供給される。 Due to the retreat of the standby guide pin 21 by the second electrode 9, the movable end surface 37 is separated from the stationary inner end surface 36 to form a cooling air passage, and the cooling air is supplied to the molten local part.

何らかの原因で孔あき部品１が、待機ガイドピン２１に供給されない異常状態で第２電極９が進出すると、求心ガイドピン４３が待機ガイドピン２１を押し込み、求心テーパ部４５が下孔６に食い込む状態になる。このときに、第２電極９の進出で圧縮コイルスプリング２７が縮小されるので、求心ガイドピン４３や下孔６に破損が生じたりしない。 When the second electrode 9 advances in an abnormal state in which the perforated component 1 is not supplied to the standby guide pin 21 for some reason, the centripetal guide pin 43 pushes the standby guide pin 21 and the centripetal taper portion 45 bites into the prepared hole 6. become. At this time, since the compression coil spring 27 is reduced by the advancement of the second electrode 9, the centripetal guide pin 43 and the prepared hole 6 are not damaged.

なお、正確には、求心テーパ部４５のテーパ面が通孔２の開口端縁部に点接触をしているのであるが、実際には線接触に近い状態なので、「ほぼ線接触」と表現している。 To be precise, the tapered surface of the centripetal taper portion 45 is in point contact with the open end edge of the through hole 2, but since it is actually in a state close to line contact, it is expressed as "almost line contact". doing.

つぎに、ガイド部の長短について説明する。 Next, the advantages and disadvantages of the guide unit will be described.

図３は、ガイド部４４の長さが長い場合や、短い場合についての断面図である。図３（Ａ）に示すように、ガイド部４４が長い場合は、求心ガイドピン４３のガイド部４４が孔あき部品１の通孔２を貫通して、下孔６にほぼ隙間のない状態で進入し、この進入によって鋼板部品５が電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏからずれることを防止する。下孔６へガイド部４４が進入しつつあるときに、求心テーパ部４５の表面が孔あき部品１の通孔２の開口端縁部にほぼ線接触状態で擦れて、孔あき部品１を直径方向に移動、つまり孔あき部品１が鋼板部品５上を滑動する。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the guide portion 44 when the length is long or short. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the guide portion 44 is long, the guide portion 44 of the centripetal guide pin 43 penetrates the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 so that there is almost no gap in the prepared hole 6. It enters and prevents the steel plate component 5 from deviating from the electrode axis OO due to this entry. When the guide portion 44 is entering the prepared hole 6, the surface of the centripetal taper portion 45 rubs against the open end edge of the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 in a substantially linear contact state, and the perforated component 1 has a diameter. It moves in the direction, that is, the perforated part 1 slides on the steel plate part 5.

また、図３（Ｂ）に示すように、ガイド部４４が短い場合は、ガイド部４４が下孔６に進入しない段階で、求心テーパ部４５の表面が孔あき部品１の通孔２の開口端縁部にほぼ線接触状態で擦れて、孔あき部品１を直径方向に移動、つまり孔あき部品１が鋼板部品５上を滑動する。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the guide portion 44 is short, the surface of the centripetal taper portion 45 is the opening of the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 at the stage where the guide portion 44 does not enter the prepared hole 6. The perforated component 1 moves in the radial direction by rubbing against the edge portion in a substantially linear contact state, that is, the perforated component 1 slides on the steel plate component 5.

つぎに、他の変形例を説明する。 Next, another modification will be described.

凹部３９を介して求心ガイドピン４３と待機ガイドピン２１の合致性を、凹凸関係の構造で確保しているが、他の合致性確保の方策として、図５に示した例がある。これは、求心ガイドピン４３の先端面４７と、待機ガイドピン２１の先端面４８を、電極軸線Ｏ−Ｏが垂直に交わる平面としたもので、両平面の密着によって、求心ガイドピン４３と待機ガイドピン２１のずれを防止している。 The conformity between the centripetal guide pin 43 and the standby guide pin 21 is ensured by the structure related to the unevenness through the concave portion 39, but there is an example shown in FIG. 5 as another measure for ensuring the conformity. This is a plane in which the tip surface 47 of the afferent guide pin 43 and the tip surface 48 of the standby guide pin 21 intersect vertically with the electrode axis OO, and the afferent guide pin 43 and the standby guide pin 43 and the standby guide pin 43 are brought into close contact with each other. The deviation of the guide pin 21 is prevented.

第１電極８と第２電極９の上下関係を逆にした変形例が実施できる。図１（Ａ）において、第１電極８のキャップ部１４に黒く塗りつぶしたように、永久磁石４９を埋め込み、第１電極８を反転して上側にする。こうすることにより、下向きに突き出ている待機ガイドピン２１に、ロボット装置３８の動作で鋼板部品５を合致させてから、孔あき部品１を供給する。これにより、孔あき部品１は永久磁石４９によって鋼板部品５に吸着される。その後、下側の第２電極９を上昇させると、求心ガイドピン４３が前述のようにして動作し、孔あき部品１は鋼板部品５に擦れながら下孔６と同軸位置におかれる。 A modified example in which the vertical relationship between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 9 is reversed can be implemented. In FIG. 1A, a permanent magnet 49 is embedded in the cap portion 14 of the first electrode 8 so as to be painted black, and the first electrode 8 is inverted and turned upward. By doing so, the steel plate component 5 is matched with the standby guide pin 21 protruding downward by the operation of the robot device 38, and then the perforated component 1 is supplied. As a result, the perforated component 1 is attracted to the steel plate component 5 by the permanent magnet 49. After that, when the lower second electrode 9 is raised, the centripetal guide pin 43 operates as described above, and the perforated component 1 is placed at a coaxial position with the pilot hole 6 while rubbing against the steel plate component 5.

この変形例においては、供給ロッド４１に、水平方向の進退動作と、上下方向の進退動作を行わせ、供給ロッド４１の先端部に孔あき部品１を永久磁石などで保持する。こうすることによって、供給ロッド４１の先端部にスクエアーモーションを行わせることができ、下側から孔あき部品１を待機ガイドピン２１に供給することができる。 In this modification, the supply rod 41 is made to perform a horizontal advance / retreat operation and a vertical advance / retreat operation, and a perforated component 1 is held at the tip of the supply rod 41 by a permanent magnet or the like. By doing so, the tip of the supply rod 41 can be made to perform a square motion, and the perforated component 1 can be supplied to the standby guide pin 21 from below.

なお、上記のエアシリンダに換えて、進退出力をする電動モータを採用することもできる。また、上記の永久磁石を電磁石に置き換えることも可能である。 In addition, instead of the above-mentioned air cylinder, an electric motor that outputs advancing / retreating can be adopted. It is also possible to replace the above permanent magnet with an electromagnet.

以上に説明した実施例の作用効果は、つぎのとおりである。 The effects of the examples described above are as follows.

孔あき部品１が鋼板部品５上に載せられて待機ガイドピン２１が孔あき部品１の通孔２を貫通しているときには、通孔２と待機ガイドピン２１との間に、鋼板部品５の下孔６と孔あき部品１の通孔２の内径差に相当する、大きな空隙が存在している。つまり、孔あき部品１は直径方向に大きくずれることができる状態になっている。この状態では、鋼板部品５の下孔６に待機ガイドピン２１がほぼ隙間のない状態で貫通しているので、第１電極８に対する鋼板部品５の相対位置が正確に求められている。 When the perforated component 1 is placed on the steel plate component 5 and the standby guide pin 21 penetrates the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1, the steel plate component 5 is placed between the through hole 2 and the standby guide pin 21. There is a large gap corresponding to the difference in inner diameter between the prepared hole 6 and the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1. That is, the perforated part 1 is in a state where it can be largely displaced in the diameter direction. In this state, since the standby guide pin 21 penetrates through the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 with almost no gap, the relative position of the steel plate component 5 with respect to the first electrode 8 is accurately obtained.

この状態で第２電極９が進出してくると、求心ガイドピン４３のガイド部４４が先行的に孔あき部品１の通孔２に進入して、求心ガイドピン４３が通孔２に進入することが保障される。つまり、ガイド部４４はパイロットピンのような役割を果たしている。そして、求心ガイドピン４３の先端で待機ガイドピン２１を押し込んで行く。さらに、第２電極９が進出すると、求心テーパ部４５の表面が孔あき部品１の通孔２の開口端縁部にほぼ線接触状態で擦れて、孔あき部品１を直径方向に移動、つまり孔あき部品１が鋼板部品５上を滑動して、通孔２内にほぼ隙間のない状態で位置確定部４６が進入し、孔あき部品１の通孔２と鋼板部品５の下孔６の同心状態が確保される。 When the second electrode 9 advances in this state, the guide portion 44 of the centripetal guide pin 43 first enters the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1, and the centripetal guide pin 43 enters the through hole 2. Is guaranteed. That is, the guide unit 44 plays a role like a pilot pin. Then, the standby guide pin 21 is pushed in by the tip of the centripetal guide pin 43. Further, when the second electrode 9 advances, the surface of the centripetal taper portion 45 rubs against the open end edge of the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 in a substantially linear contact state, and the perforated component 1 moves in the radial direction, that is, The perforated component 1 slides on the steel plate component 5, and the position fixing portion 46 enters the through hole 2 with almost no gap, and the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 and the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 enter. Concentricity is ensured.

ガイド部４４が下孔６に進入してから、求心テーパ部４５による孔あき部品１の同軸化移動を開始したり、これに換えて、ガイド部４４が下孔６に進入するのと同時または進入の直前に、求心テーパ部４５による孔あき部品１の同軸化移動を開始したりすることが可能である。このような開始時期の選択は、求心テーパ部４５のテーパ面の傾斜角度と、ガイド部４４の長さの選定によって行われる。 After the guide portion 44 enters the prepared hole 6, the coaxial movement of the perforated component 1 by the afferent tapered portion 45 is started, or in place of this, at the same time as the guide portion 44 enters the prepared hole 6 or Immediately before the approach, it is possible to start the coaxial movement of the perforated component 1 by the centripetal taper portion 45. Such selection of the start time is performed by selecting the inclination angle of the tapered surface of the centripetal taper portion 45 and the length of the guide portion 44.

この同心状態が成立し、孔あき部品１と鋼板部品５が両電極間で挟み付けられると、溶接電流が通電されて、孔あき部品１が鋼板部品５に溶接される。 When this concentric state is established and the perforated component 1 and the steel plate component 5 are sandwiched between the electrodes, a welding current is applied and the perforated component 1 is welded to the steel plate component 5.

孔あき部品１は、求心ガイドピン４３の求心テーパ部４５によってその直径方向に移動して、鋼板部品１の下孔６と孔あき部品１の通孔２との同心性が確保されるので、第２電極９の求心ガイドピン４３が進出する過渡期に、進出変位を直径方向の位置修正変位に変換して、確実な上記同軸性の確保がなされ、信頼性の高い求心動作がえられる。 The perforated component 1 is moved in the radial direction by the centripetal taper portion 45 of the centripetal guide pin 43, and the concentricity between the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 1 and the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 is ensured. In the transitional period when the afferent guide pin 43 of the second electrode 9 advances, the advance displacement is converted into a position-correcting displacement in the radial direction to ensure the above-mentioned coaxiality, and a highly reliable afferent operation can be obtained.

また、待機ガイドピン２１は、ほぼ隙間のない状態で鋼板部品５の下孔６を貫通し、求心ガイドピン４３のガイド部４４もほぼ隙間のない状態で鋼板部品５の下孔６を貫通することができるので、待機ガイドピン２１の直径と求心ガイドピン４３のガイド部４４の直径は同径とされ、第２電極９の進出前および進出後のいずれにおいても、鋼板部品５のずれ動きが防止され、鋼板部品５に対する孔あき部品１の溶接が高精度のもとで遂行される。 Further, the standby guide pin 21 penetrates the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 with almost no gap, and the guide portion 44 of the centripetal guide pin 43 also penetrates the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5 with almost no gap. Therefore, the diameter of the standby guide pin 21 and the diameter of the guide portion 44 of the centripetal guide pin 43 are made the same diameter, and the displacement movement of the steel plate component 5 occurs both before and after the advancement of the second electrode 9. It is prevented and the welding of the perforated part 1 to the steel plate part 5 is carried out with high precision.

第２電極９が進出するときに、鋼板部品５の位置ずれが待機ガイドピン２１と求心ガイドピン４３のガイド部４４によって禁止され、それと同時に孔あき部品１の通孔２と鋼板部品５の下孔６の同軸配置が達成される。このように、第２電極９の進出ストロークで、鋼板部品５のずれ防止と上記通孔・下孔同軸化が達成されて、簡素化された動作で正確な位置決めがなされる。 When the second electrode 9 advances, the misalignment of the steel plate component 5 is prohibited by the guide portion 44 of the standby guide pin 21 and the centripetal guide pin 43, and at the same time, under the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1 and the steel plate component 5. A coaxial arrangement of the holes 6 is achieved. In this way, the advance stroke of the second electrode 9 achieves the prevention of displacement of the steel plate component 5 and the coaxialization of the through-hole / pilot hole, and accurate positioning is performed with a simplified operation.

求心ガイドピン４３には、ガイド部４４、求心テーパ部４５、位置確定部４６が形成されており、ガイド部４４が鋼板部品５の下孔６に進入しているとき、または、ガイド部４４が下孔６に進入する前に、求心テーパ部４５が孔あき部品１の通孔２に進入する。このようにガイド部４４が下孔６に進入またはその前に、孔あき部品１が直径方向に移動するので、この移動時に鋼板部品５がずれ動くことがなく、下孔６と通孔２の同軸性が確保される。この同軸性の成立とともに位置確定部４６の進入で決定づけられるので、信頼性の高い電極動作がえられる。 The centripetal guide pin 43 is formed with a guide portion 44, an centripetal taper portion 45, and a position fixing portion 46, and when the guide portion 44 enters the prepared hole 6 of the steel plate component 5, or the guide portion 44 Before entering the prepared hole 6, the centripetal taper portion 45 enters the through hole 2 of the perforated component 1. In this way, since the perforated component 1 moves in the radial direction before or before the guide portion 44 enters the pilot hole 6, the steel plate component 5 does not shift during this movement, and the pilot hole 6 and the through hole 2 Coaxiality is ensured. Since it is determined by the entry of the position determining portion 46 with the establishment of this coaxiality, highly reliable electrode operation can be obtained.

求心ガイドピン４３の進出方向に作用する圧縮コイルスプリング２７の押圧力は、待機ガイドピン２１の進出方向に作用する圧縮コイルスプリング２７の押圧力よりも強く設定してあるので、孔あき部品１が正常に供給されているときには、求心ガイドピン４３が後退することなく前述のように正常な求心動作がなされる。何らかの原因で孔あき部品１が供給されていない異常状態で第２電極９が進出したときには、求心テーパ部４５が下孔６を通過できない状態になり、このときに第２電極９に設けられた求心ガイドピン４３の押圧手段（圧縮コイルスプリング２７）が縮小して、求心ガイドピン４３や鋼板部品５の下孔部分の損傷が回避され、電極の破損が予防される。 Since the pressing force of the compression coil spring 27 acting in the advancing direction of the centripetal guide pin 43 is set stronger than the pressing force of the compression coil spring 27 acting in the advancing direction of the standby guide pin 21, the perforated component 1 is set. When the supply is normally performed, the afferent guide pin 43 does not retract and the normal afferent operation is performed as described above. When the second electrode 9 advances in an abnormal state in which the perforated component 1 is not supplied for some reason, the centripetal taper portion 45 cannot pass through the prepared hole 6, and at this time, the second electrode 9 is provided. The pressing means (compression coil spring 27) of the afferent guide pin 43 is reduced, so that damage to the afferent guide pin 43 and the prepared hole portion of the steel plate component 5 is avoided, and damage to the electrode is prevented.

溶接方法の実施例の効果は、孔あき部品用溶接電極の実施例の効果と同じである。 The effect of the example of the welding method is the same as the effect of the example of the welding electrode for a perforated part.

上述のように、本発明の電極と溶接方法によれば、孔あき部品の通孔の内径が、鋼板部品の下孔の内径より大きくても、電極の進出動作で前記通孔と前記下孔との同軸性確保と、鋼板部品の位置ずれ防止を行う。したがって、自動車の車体溶接工程や、家庭電化製品の板金溶接工程などの広い産業分野で利用できる。 As described above, according to the electrode and welding method of the present invention, even if the inner diameter of the through hole of the perforated part is larger than the inner diameter of the prepared hole of the steel plate part, the through hole and the prepared hole are formed by the advance operation of the electrode. Securing coaxiality with and preventing misalignment of steel plate parts. Therefore, it can be used in a wide range of industrial fields such as a body welding process for automobiles and a sheet metal welding process for home appliances.

１孔あき部品
２通孔
５鋼板部品
６下孔
８第１電極
９第２電極
１１電極本体
２１待機ガイドピン
４３求心ガイドピン
４４ガイド部
４５求心テーパ部
４６位置確定部
Ｏ−Ｏ電極軸線1 Perforated part 2 Through hole 5 Steel plate part 6 Pilot hole 8 1st electrode 9 2nd electrode 11 Electrode body 21 Standby guide pin 43 Centripetal guide pin 44 Guide part 45 Centripetal taper part 46 Positioning part OO Electrode axis

Claims

For a steel plate part having a circular pilot hole, a perforated part having a circular through hole having a diameter larger than that of the pilot hole is provided with an electrode shaft so that the pilot hole and the through hole are concentric. It is welded by electric resistance welding with a pair of electrodes arranged on the wire.
A first electrode having an advancing / retreating type standby guide pin that penetrates the prepared hole with almost no gap and relatively enters the through hole of the perforated component, and a centripetal guide pin that penetrates the through hole. A second electrode is provided with
The position of the afferent guide pin is determined so that the guide portion that enters the through hole in advance, the afferent taper portion that is formed in a continuous state with the guide portion, and the afferent guide pin enters the through hole with almost no gap. Consists of departments
When the afferent guide pin enters the through hole of the perforated part, the afferent guide pin pushes the standby guide pin, and the afferent taper portion causes the through hole of the perforated part and the prepared hole of the steel plate part to be concentric. A welding electrode for a perforated part, characterized in that the perforated part is configured to slide on a steel plate part.

For a steel plate part having a circular pilot hole, a perforated part having a circular through hole having a diameter larger than that of the pilot hole is provided with an electrode shaft so that the pilot hole and the through hole are concentric. It is welded by electric resistance welding with a pair of electrodes arranged on the wire.
A first electrode having an advancing / retreating type standby guide pin that penetrates the prepared hole with almost no gap and relatively enters the through hole of the perforated component, and a centripetal guide pin that penetrates the through hole. A second electrode is provided with
Position determination that the afferent guide pin enters the through hole in advance with a guide portion, a afferent taper portion formed in a continuous state with the guide portion, and the through hole with almost no gap. Prepare a welding electrode for perforated parts composed of parts,
When the afferent guide pin enters the through hole of the perforated part, the afferent guide pin pushes the standby guide pin, and the afferent taper portion causes the through hole of the perforated part and the prepared hole of the steel plate part to be concentric. A welding method characterized in that a perforated part slides on a steel plate part so as to be.