JP6854115B2 - Blasting charge method using filler - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a blasting charge method using a filler. Specifically, the present invention is to prevent loosening and collapse of the hole wall that occur between the drilling operation and the charge operation, and to improve the blasting efficiency. It is about the blasting drug method that can be done.

There are various construction methods for tunnel excavation, but the NATM construction method, which is currently the mainstream in mountain tunnels, includes drilling, charging, blasting, slipping, support installation, concrete spraying, lock bolt installation, waterproofing, etc. A tunnel is formed by a procedure called concrete lining. Specifically, a rock drill such as a drill jumbo is used to drill holes from the face surface to the ground. Since the Explosives Control Act prohibits parallel work of drilling and charging, the charging work will be started after the drilling work is completed on all the face surfaces.

In the charge operation, in order to easily insert the explosive into the charge hole, the rock crushed by compressed air or curette (curene) is discharged. Subsequently, the parent die is inserted into the charging hole using a machine loading machine or a filling rod, and then the additional die is inserted into the charging hole. Finally, a filling is inserted into the mouth of the charge hole to close the mouth, and the charge is completed.

In the above-mentioned charging process, since the drilling process and the charging process work on the face surface, not only it is necessary to give sufficient consideration to safety management, but also various techniques for efficient work are proposed. Has been done.

For example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 includes a preparatory step of drilling a plurality of blasting holes in a face and loading explosives into the blasting holes, and excavation in which the explosives in the blasting holes are detonated and excavated. It is a tunnel excavation method that includes a process, and aims to shorten the construction period and suppress damage to the ground around the face. In this tunnel excavation method, a ditches are formed by using a water jet along the outer circumference of the planned cross section of the tunnel before the excavation process is carried out.

Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, the blasting force acts uniformly and strongly in the blasting hole, does not leave an uncrushed large mass on the upper part, and further suppresses blasting dust and blasting sound to a low level. , The purpose is to use low-cost explosives safely and easily. In this bench blasting method, a bottomed high-pressure molded paper tube is wrapped in an antistatic reinforced polytube, an explosive is charged into a heat-shrinked waterproof explosive container, submerged in the blasting hole, and gel water is poured around the outer circumference. It is designed to be filled and blasted.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-25239 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-174400

As mentioned above, under the Explosives Control Act, drilling work and charging work for blasting cannot be performed at the same time. Therefore, since a certain period of time elapses from the drilling to the charging, there is a possibility that the hole collapses due to loosening of the hole wall or the like. Hole-retaining techniques include an NJD method (Non-Jamming Drilling method) using a surfactant and the like, a bubble drilling system, and the like. However, these techniques have problems that they are not perfect hole-retaining techniques and that the underground drainage foams and defoaming work is required.

The technique described in Patent Document 2 is to fill the charge hole with gel water after charging. This gel water is used to apply uniform and strong impact pressure and gas pressure to the inner peripheral wall surface of the entire charging hole to uniformly crush without leaving large lumps, and to weaken the scattering and vibration of dust. Has been done. That is, the gel water is filled in the charge hole after the charge, and in such a step, the hole wall cannot be loosened or the hole collapses, and the charge cannot be easily performed.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and provides a blasting charge method using a filler capable of preventing loosening and collapse of the hole wall and easily charging the hole. With the goal.

The blasting agent method using the filler according to the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. That is, the blasting charge method using the filler according to the present invention relates to a blasting charge method for loading explosives into the charge holes drilled from the tunnel face surface toward the ground. In this blasting charge method, a filling material is filled in the charge hole through the hole drilling rod while pulling out the hole drilling rod from the charge hole in which the hole has been drilled by using a hollow hole drilling rod.

Then, with the filling hole filled with the filler, the charge pipe is inserted to the innermost part of the charge hole, and the parent die is loaded into the innermost part of the charge hole while pulling out the charge pipe. However, it is characterized by loading an additional die toward the mouth.

According to the blasting charge method using the filler according to the present invention, the charge hole is in a state of being filled with the filler, so that the hole collapse of the charge hole wall that occurs between the time of drilling and the time of charge. Can be prevented.

Further, since the filler is filled by using the drilling rod that has finished drilling, it is possible to retain the hole immediately after drilling. That is, since the filler is filled over the entire charging hole, the hole can be more reliably retained as compared with the conventional hole retaining technique.

Further, since the excess filler generated at the time of charging is discharged from the mouth of the charging hole, it does not interfere with the charging. Furthermore, since the packing material remaining around the explosive can transmit the shock wave at the time of detonation to the bedrock, the effect close to the dense loading of the explosive can be exhibited.

The schematic diagram which shows the drilling state in the blasting charge method using the filler which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The explanatory view which shows the procedure of the blasting charge in the blasting charge method using the filler which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the blasting charge method using the filler according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a blasting charge method using a filler according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a drilling state, and FIG. 2 is an explanation showing a procedure of a blasting charge. It is a figure.

<Filler>
The filler 30 used in the embodiment of the present invention is made of a gel-like substance. The gel-like substance can be easily injected into the charging hole 10 and has a fluidity (hardness) that does not flow out from the mouth like water until the filling is completed. After the charge is completed, the mouth of the charge hole 10 is filled with a filling material 70 such as clay to close the mouth, thereby preventing the filler 30 from leaking out.

<Drilling of charge hole>
As shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of charge holes 10 are drilled from the face surface toward the ground by using a drilling machine such as a drill jumbo. The drilling rod 20 of this drilling machine is hollow, and drilling is performed while discharging a lubricating material such as water from the tip of the drilling rod 20. The form of the drilling machine is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a computer jumbo that can automatically control the drilling start position, drilling angle, drilling speed, and the like.

<Procedure for blasting charge>
The procedure of the blasting charge according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the blasting charge method using the filler 30 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a hole drilling step is first carried out, and then a charge charge step is carried out.

In the drilling step, a charge hole 10 in a substantially horizontal direction is formed from the tunnel face surface toward the ground. In order to form the charge hole 10, for example, the drilling rod 20 of a drilling machine such as a drill jumbo is penetrated into the ground, and the drilling is performed while water is supplied from the tip of the drilling rod 20 (a). ). After drilling the charge hole 10 to a predetermined length, the water supply is stopped. In this state, the water existing in the charge hole 10 escapes from the rock crack or the mouth of the drilling rod 20 (b).

Subsequently, the filler 30 is supplied into the charge hole 10 from the tip of the drilling rod 20 (c), and the drilling rod 20 is pulled out while continuing to supply the filler 30 (d). When the drawing of the drilling rod 20 is completed, the inside of the charging hole 10 is filled with the filler 30 (e). In this state, since the hole wall is held from the inside by the filler 30, it is possible to prevent the hole wall from loosening or collapsing.

In the charging step, the charging pipe 40 of the machine loading machine is inserted to the innermost part of the charging hole 10 to load the parent die 50 (f). Then, while pulling out the charge pipe 40, the die 60 is loaded up to the mouth of the charge hole 10 (g, h). The additional die 60 may be a medicine package or a granular explosive.

When the loading of the parent die 50 and the additional die 60 is completed, the mouth of the charging hole 10 is closed with a padding 70 such as clay to complete the charging process (i). In the same procedure, charging is performed with the filler 30 filled in each charging hole 10. After the charge is completed, blasting work is performed according to the prescribed procedure and tunnel excavation is carried out.

<Application of the present invention>
Conventionally, the drilling technology has been fully automated by computer jumbo and the like. However, with regard to the charging technology, it is difficult to charge with the current technology such as the problem of hole collapse and the remote control and automation technology for the small charging hole 10, and the remote loading and the fully automatic loading technology have not been realized.

At the tunnel face, it is necessary to take all possible measures and carry out safe charge work. Therefore, if the work can be performed without the workers entering the vicinity of the face, the working environment of the mountain tunnel will be significantly improved. As a method of remote control and automation, a fully automatic drilling is carried out by a computer jumbo, and a filler made of a gel-like substance is pulled out while the drilling rod 20 is pulled out after the drilling is completed by using the blasting agent method of the present invention. 30 is automatically filled. Then, using a robot arm that can be automatically controlled and image recognition technology, loading work is performed by a fully automatic loading machine.

The following technical measures can be considered depending on the insertion accuracy of the explosive. That is, when the blasting charge method of the present invention is used, the charge charge step can be easily carried out. For example, even when the drilling diameter is increased to facilitate charging, the filling material 30 is present in the charging hole 10, so that a dense loading effect can be obtained. Further, even when the diameter of the parent die 50 is reduced in order to facilitate the charging, the packing material 30 is present in the charging hole 10, so that a dense loading effect can be obtained.

10 Filling hole 20 Drilling rod 30 Filler 40 Filling pipe 50 Parent die 60 Extra die 70 Filling

Claims (1)

It is a blasting charge method for loading explosives into the charge holes drilled from the tunnel face to the ground.
While pulling out the drilling rod from the charge hole for which drilling has been completed using a hollow drilling rod, the filling hole is filled with the filler through the drilling rod.
With the filling hole filled with the filler , insert the charge pipe to the innermost part of the charge hole, and while pulling out the charge pipe, insert the parent die into the innermost part of the charge hole. A blasting charge method using a filler, which comprises loading and loading an additional die over the mouth.

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