JP6848279B2 - Tram line - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a trolley wire, and more particularly to a icing-resistant trolley wire in which ice does not easily adhere to the trolley wire body.

Water droplets adhering to the surface of the trolley wire due to the influence of the weather such as rain become ice as the temperature drops. In particular, in cold regions, when water droplets accumulated on the lower surface of the trolley wire freeze and become ice, the passage of electric vehicles is obstructed.

In order to solve this problem, a method of applying oil to the surface of the trolley wire to drop water droplets and a method of incorporating a heater wire in the trolley wire to evaporate the water droplets by heating are known (for example, patent documents). 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-17006

However, the method of applying oil to the surface of the trolley wire requires a great deal of labor for the regular oil application work, and the sliding surface of the trolley wire is roughened by the application of oil, and the electric vehicle is dripping oil. There are problems such as stains on the car body. Further, in the method of heating by incorporating the heater wire in the trolley wire, the manufacturing cost of the trolley wire is high, and the cost of heating the heater wire is also required. Therefore, it is desired to prevent ice from adhering to the surface of the trolley wire more easily than the conventional method without using the conventional method.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a trolley wire capable of easily suppressing icing.

One aspect of the present invention provides the following trolley wires [1] to [8] in order to achieve the above object.

[1] A trolley wire composed of a trolley wire main body, a sliding surface arranged on the lower surface of the trolley wire main body, an ear surface arranged on the upper surface of the trolley wire main body, and the sliding surface of the trolley wire main body. It has a side surface arranged between the moving surface and the ear surface, and the sliding surface and the side surface of the trolley wire main body are separated by a notch, and the lower edge of the side surface is separated. The trolley is arranged at a position distant from the central axis of the trolley wire main body with respect to the edge of the sliding surface, and the bottom portion of the notch is arranged above the lower edge of the side surface. line.

[2] The trolley wire according to the above [1], wherein the side surface has a shape inclined so as to increase the distance from the central axis from the upper edge to the lower edge.

[3] The difference between the distance from the central axis to the edge of the sliding surface and the distance from the central axis to the lower edge of the side surface is such that the water droplet cuts out the notch from the lower edge of the side surface. The trolley wire according to the above [1] or [2], which has a size capable of preventing the trolley wire from flowing over to the sliding surface.

[4] The distance between the lower edge of the side surface and the bottom of the notch parallel to the central axis is such that water droplets travel from the lower edge of the side surface to the inner surface of the notch and the sliding surface. The trolley wire according to any one of the above [1] to [3], which has a size capable of preventing the flow to.

[5] The trolley wire according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the notch is mainly composed of two surfaces.

[6] The trolley wire according to any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein the sliding surface is water-repellent.

[7] The trolley wire according to any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein the side surface and / or the inner surface of the notch is water-repellent.

[8] The trolley wire according to any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the height of the lower edge of the side surface is equal to or greater than the wear margin.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a trolley wire capable of easily suppressing icing.

FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of a tram wire according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of a modified example of the trolley wire according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a trolley line in which the peripheral portion of the notch is enlarged. FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion of the notch of the tram line having the notch according to the modified example.

[Embodiment]
(Structure of trolley wire)
FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of the trolley wire 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The trolley wire 1 is a trolley wire having a groove, which is composed of a deformed round trolley wire main body and has ear grooves 10 for attaching fasteners called ears on both side portions of the ear surface 11. The trolley wire 1 conforms to the grooved hard copper trolley wire specified in JISE2101 and EN50149.

The trolley wire 1 is the upper surface of the ear groove 10, the ear surface 11 which is the surface of the portion sandwiched between the ears, and the bottom surface of the trolley wire 1, and the current collector of the electric vehicle contacts and slides. A sliding surface 12 which is a moving surface, notches 14 for draining water provided on both sides of the sliding surface 12 along the length direction, and side surfaces of both sides of the trolley wire 1 are ear grooves. It has a side surface 13 located on the surface between the 10 and the notch 14.

In the present specification, the terms indicating the direction and position such as upper, lower, and side parts are the direction and position when the trolley wire 1 is used (when the overhead wire is used), that is, the direction in the trolley wire 1 shown in FIG. And position.

The trolley wire 1 contains a copper alloy, for example, a Cu—Sn—In alloy or a Cu—Sn alloy as a main component. The nominal cross-sectional area of the trolley wire 1 is 150 mm ² (150 SQ) or more and 170 mm ² (170 SQ) or less.

When power is supplied to the electric vehicle via the trolley wire 1, the sliding surface 12 of the trolley wire 1 comes into contact with a current collector of the electric vehicle such as a pantograph. Therefore, the trolley wire 1 is worn from the sliding surface 12 due to the sliding of the current collector. The wear limit position 15 indicates the limit position of the sliding surface 12 of the trolley wire 1 that changes due to wear, and when the sliding surface 12 reaches the wear limit position 15, the trolley wire 1 is replaced.

Distance L ₁ in FIG. 1 is the distance of the bottom of the sliding surface 12 of the front and wear (arc top of the sliding surface 12) and the wear limit position 15, called wear allowance. Further, the distance L ₂ is the distance between the upper end of the trolley wire main body (the top of the arc of the ear surface 11) and the wear limit position 15. The distance L ₂ is called the residual height because it is the height of the remaining trolley wire 1 when the trolley wire 1 is worn and the sliding surface 12 reaches the wear limit position 15. The distance L is the distance from the upper end of the trolley wire 1 (the top of the arc of the ear surface 11) to the lower end (the top of the arc of the sliding surface 12), and is equal to the sum of _{the distance L 1} and the distance L _2.

Wear of the trolley wire 1 white, that is, the distance L ₁ is, for example, overhead wire tension in the trolley wire 1 to 2.5 tons is set to at least 4 mm.

The notch 14 distances the side surface 13 of the trolley wire 1 from the sliding surface 12. The upper edge of the notch 14, that is, the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13, is closer to the central axis 30 of the trolley wire 1 than the lower edge of the notch 14, that is, the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12. It is arranged at a distant position. Therefore, the water droplets adhering to the surface above the notch 14 of the trolley wire 1 and flowing downward fall away from the trolley wire 1 mainly at the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13. Therefore, it is possible to prevent water droplets from accumulating on the lower surface of the trolley wire 1 and freezing. That is, it is possible to prevent water droplets from accumulating on the sliding surface 12 arranged on the lower surface of the trolley wire 1 and freezing the water droplets to cause ice to adhere to the sliding surface 12. Here, the central axis 30 is a line passing through the center of the radial cross section of the trolley wire 1 parallel to the height direction (vertical direction at the time of overhead wire) and the length direction of the trolley wire 1.

In particular, the larger the difference between the distance from the central shaft 30 to the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12 and the distance from the central axis 30 to the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13, the larger the difference between the water droplets and the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13. Since it is possible to effectively suppress the flow from the to the notch 14 to the sliding surface 12, the above-mentioned effect (water droplets are accumulated on the sliding surface 12 and the water droplets freeze to cause ice to adhere to the sliding surface 12). It becomes easier to obtain (suppression of the state of being in a state of being in a state of being).

Therefore, the difference between the distance from the central axis 30 to the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12 and the distance from the central axis 30 to the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 is that the water droplets are from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13. It is preferable that the size is such that it can be prevented from flowing beyond the notch 14 to the sliding surface 12, and for example, it is preferably 1.95 mm or more.

Here, in order to effectively drop water droplets from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13, it is preferable that the side surface 13 is parallel to the central axis 30, and it is more preferable that the side surface 13 is open like an umbrella.

FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of the trolley wire 2, which is a modified example of the trolley wire 1. The trolley wire 2 is open in an umbrella shape on the side surface 13, that is, the trolley wire 1 is inclined so that the distance from the central axis 30 increases from the upper edge 13b of the side surface 13 to the lower edge 13a. Different from. In the trolley wire 2, water droplets are more likely to fall from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 than in the trolley wire 1 whose side surface 13 is substantially parallel to the central axis 30.

Further, in order to more effectively drop water droplets from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13, it is preferable that the side surface 13 is water-repellent. Here, the water-repellent treatment is performed, for example, by applying a water-repellent paint, and as the water-repellent paint, a paint obtained by adding a fluorine-based powder and titanium oxide to a fluorine-based varnish resin, a paint made of a special silicon-modified resin, or the like is used. Can be used.

Further, it is preferable that the sliding surface 12 is water-repellent so that the water droplets can easily fall from the bottom of the sliding surface 12 when the water droplets have flowed to the sliding surface 12. Further, by applying the water repellent treatment to the sliding surface 12, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of frost to the sliding surface 12.

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the trolley line 1 in which the peripheral portion of the notch 14 is enlarged. The notch 14 is a notch having a substantially triangular cross section in the radial direction of the trolley wire 1, which is mainly composed of two surfaces, a surface 14a and a surface 14b, that is, a V-shaped notch.

The notch 14 includes an upwardly convex groove 14d surrounded by a dotted line. That is, the bottom portion (bottom portion of the groove 14d) 14c of the notch 14 is arranged above the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13. As a result, it is possible to prevent the water droplets that have reached the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 from flowing over the notch 14 to the lower surface of the trolley wire without falling. The radial cross section of the trolley wire 1 of the groove 14d is substantially triangular, that is, V-shaped, with the bottom 14c (top) as the apex.

The notch 14 has an upper edge height (height of the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13) so that the groove 14f does not disappear even when the sliding surface 12 approaches the wear limit position 15 due to wear. It is preferable that the device is provided at a position that is equal to or greater than the wear margin, that is, the wear limit position is 15 or higher.

_{If the opening width W 1} of the groove 14d in the width direction of the trolley wire 1 is too narrow with respect to the size of the water droplet, the water droplet reaches the surface 14a from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 beyond the groove 14d and reaches the sliding surface. It may flow up to 12. Therefore, the opening width W ₁ is preferably large enough to prevent water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 beyond the groove 14d.

For example, because water droplets effectively prevented from flowing to the sliding surface 12 beyond the groove 14d from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 is preferably the opening width W ₁ is greater than or equal to 1.95 mm.

_{Further, if the depth D 1} (distance between the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 and the bottom 14c of the groove 14d in the direction parallel to the central axis 30) of the groove 14d in the height direction of the trolley wire 1 is too shallow, water droplets are formed. May flow to the sliding surface 12 along the inner surface of the groove 14d (inner surface of the notch 14) without falling from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 due to its surface tension. Therefore, the depth D ₁ has a size capable of preventing water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 through the inner surface of the groove 14d (inner surface of the notch 14). Is preferable. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent water droplets from accumulating on the sliding surface 12 arranged on the lower surface of the trolley wire 1 and freezing the water droplets to cause ice to adhere to the sliding surface 12.

For example, in order to effectively prevent water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 along the inner surface of the groove 14d, the depth D ₁ must be 1.47 mm or more. preferable.

Further, among the surfaces constituting the notch 14, the closer the inclination of the surface 14a, which is the surface closest to the central axis 30, is to the vertical, the more water droplets adhering to the notch 14 fall from the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12. It will be easier. Therefore, the angle formed by the surface 14a and the central axis 30 is preferably 5 ° or less, more preferably 2 ° or less, and most preferably the surface 20a and the central axis 30 are parallel.

Further, in order to more effectively drop water droplets from the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12, it is preferable that the surfaces 14a and 14b are subjected to water repellent treatment. Since the surfaces 14a and 14b can be made difficult to oxidize by the water repellent treatment, it is difficult for water droplets to invade the inside of the notch 14 (inside the groove 14d), and even if water droplets invade, the inside of the notch 14 Water droplets are less likely to collect. As a result, water droplets can be effectively dropped on the sliding surface 12 without flowing down.

The shape of the notch for draining the trolley wire 1 is not limited to the shape of the notch 14 described above, and may be any shape that satisfies the same conditions as the shape of the notch 14. An example thereof will be described below.

FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a peripheral portion of the notch 20 of the trolley line 1 having the notch 20, which is a modification of the notch 14.

The notch 20 includes an upwardly convex groove 20d surrounded by a dotted line. As a result, it is possible to prevent the water droplets that have reached the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 from flowing over the notch 20 to the lower surface of the trolley wire without falling. The radial cross section of the trolley wire 1 of the groove 20d is a substantially quadrangle with the bottom 20c (top) as the top surface. That is, the groove 20d is a key groove.

The notch 20 has an upper edge height (height of the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13) so that the groove 20d does not disappear even when the sliding surface 12 approaches the wear limit position 15 due to wear. It is preferable that the device is provided at a position that is equal to or greater than the wear margin, that is, the wear limit position is 15 or higher.

_{If the opening width W 2} of the groove 20d in the width direction of the trolley wire 1 is too narrow with respect to the size of the water droplet, the water droplet reaches the surface 20a from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 beyond the groove 20d and reaches the sliding surface. It may flow up to 12. Therefore, the opening width W ₂ is preferably large enough to prevent water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 beyond the groove 20d.

For example, because water droplets effectively prevented from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 beyond the groove 20d is preferably the opening width W ₂ is not less than 1.95 mm.

_{Further, if the depth D 2} of the groove 20d in the height direction of the trolley wire 1 is too shallow, water droplets travel along the inner surface of the groove 20d without falling from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 due to its surface tension and slide. It may flow up to surface 12. Therefore, the depth D ₁ is preferably large enough to prevent water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 along the inner surface of the groove 20d.

For example, in order to effectively prevent water droplets from flowing from the lower edge 13a of the side surface 13 to the sliding surface 12 along the inner surface of the groove 20d, the depth D ₂ must be 1.47 mm or more. preferable.

Further, as the inclination of the surface 20a, which is the surface closest to the central axis 30 among the surfaces constituting the notch 20, is closer to vertical, water droplets adhering to the notch 20 fall from the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12. It will be easier. Therefore, the angle formed by the surface 20a and the central axis 30 is preferably 5 ° or less, more preferably 2 ° or less, and most preferably the surface 20a and the central axis 30 are parallel to each other.

Further, in order to more effectively drop water droplets from the edge 12a of the sliding surface 12, it is preferable that the surfaces 20a, 20b and the bottom 20c are water-repellent. Since the water-repellent treatment makes it difficult to oxidize the surfaces 20a, 20b, and the bottom 20c, it is difficult for water droplets to enter the inside of the notch 20 (inside the groove 20d), and even if water droplets do. Water droplets are less likely to collect inside the notch 20. As a result, water droplets can be effectively dropped on the sliding surface 12 without flowing down.

(Effect of embodiment)
According to the trolley wire according to the present embodiment, by providing the notch for draining, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of water droplets on the lower surface of the trolley wire. As a result, icing can be easily suppressed while suppressing manufacturing costs, operating costs and labor, and adverse effects on the quality of the trolley wire and the surroundings. That is, without using the conventional method, it is possible to prevent ice from adhering to the surface of the trolley wire more easily than the conventional method.

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of draining by the notch 14 on the trolley wire 1 having the notch 14 according to the above embodiment.

(Experimental sample)
In this example, a trolley wire 1 having a nominal cross-sectional area of 170 mm ² (170 SQ) and distances L ₁ and L ₂ of 4 mm and 11.49 mm, respectively, was used. _{The opening width W 1} of the groove 14d in the width direction of the trolley wire 1 of the notch 14 and _{the depth D 1} of the groove 14d in the height direction of the trolley wire 1 were 1.95 mm and 1.47 mm, respectively. Hereinafter, this trolley wire 1 is referred to as a sample A.

Further, as a comparative example, a similar experiment was conducted using a trolley wire in which the notch 14 was omitted from the trolley wire 1 described above. Hereinafter, the trolley wire according to this comparative example will be referred to as sample B. Neither sample A nor sample B was subjected to water repellent treatment.

(experimental method)
First, Sample A and Sample B were cut to a length of about 60 mm, and the surface was washed with an acid. Next, 1.5 mL of water was added dropwise to Sample A and Sample B twice (3 g in total) from above using a pipette. Then, the masses of Sample A and Sample B before and after dropping were measured with a precision electronic balance, and the masses of water droplets remaining on the surfaces of Sample A and Sample B were calculated.

(Experimental result)
The masses of the water droplets remaining on the surfaces of Sample A and Sample B were 0.02 g and 0.15 g, respectively. That is, the amount of water droplets remaining in sample B was about 5% by mass of the dropped water, whereas the amount of water droplets remaining in sample A was about 0.7% by mass of the dropped water. ..

Although the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be carried out within a range that does not deviate from the gist of the invention. For example, the shape of the trolley wire is not limited to that shown in the above embodiment.

Further, the embodiments and examples described above do not limit the invention according to the claims. It should also be noted that not all combinations of features described in the embodiments and examples are essential to the means for solving the problems of the invention.

1, 2 Tram wire 10 Ear groove 12 Sliding surface 12a Edge 13 Side surface 13a Lower edge 14, 20 Notch 14a, 20a Surface 14c, 20c Bottom 14d, 20d groove

Claims (1)

A trolley wire consisting of a trolley wire body
The sliding surface arranged on the lower surface of the trolley wire main body and
The ear surface arranged on the upper surface of the trolley wire body and
A side surface arranged between the sliding surface and the ear surface of the trolley wire body, and
Have,
The sliding surface of the trolley wire body and the side surface are separated by a notch.
The lower edge of the side surface is arranged at a position distant from the central axis of the trolley wire main body with respect to the edge of the sliding surface.
The bottom of the notch is located above the lower edge of the side surface.
The side surface has a shape inclined so that the distance from the central axis increases from the upper edge to the lower edge.
The difference between the distance from the central axis to the edge of the sliding surface and the distance from the central axis to the lower edge of the side surface is 1.95 mm or more.
The distance between the lower edge of the side surface and the bottom of the notch parallel to the central axis is 1.47 mm or more.
Wherein the sliding surface has water-repellent treatment with a fluorine-based powder and paints obtained by adding titanium oxide to the fluorine-based varnish resin is applied,
The height of the lower edge of the side surface is greater than or equal to the wear margin.
Tram line.

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