JP6846982B2 - Abnormality judgment method and abnormality judgment device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an abnormality determination method and an abnormality determination device capable of accurately determining an abnormality with respect to moisture in equipment.

Conventionally, an electric facility that supplies electric energy to a building such as a factory usually has a configuration in which a plurality of electric devices and parts are housed in a box-shaped outer enclosure (closed metal plate). It is known that electrical equipment placed in a high humidity environment (for example, relative humidity of 70% RH or more) promotes deterioration, wear, and rust of equipment and parts inside the enclosure, and induces malfunction. ing. Further, in electrical equipment that handles high voltage, minute discharge occurs due to a small amount of water. The micro discharge produces nitric acid that absorbs water and causes stains on the equipment, and this stain causes finer discharges, causing tracking, which is a kind of electric leakage phenomenon. Further, due to the influence of moisture and electric field, a migration phenomenon occurs in which the metal used for the conductor melts out, and the insulation resistance decreases. If such a state is left unattended, a short circuit or a ground fault may eventually occur.

As data on humidity, that is, the amount of moisture contained in the air and the decrease in insulation resistance, if the equipment inside the enclosure of the electrical equipment has not deteriorated over time, the relative humidity is about 85% RH, dust, salt damage, nitric acid. When surface stains such as adhesion of the air are progressing, an event is observed in which the insulation resistance drops sharply at a relative humidity of about 70% RH. The relative humidity of 85% RH is a value of about the average maximum humidity in the rainy season in Japan, and the relative humidity of 70% RH is a value of about the annual average humidity of Japan.

Normally, the enclosure of electrical equipment has openings such as ventilation openings and cable entrances on the floor side, so if the electrical equipment is installed in a place such as underground or under the floor where water collects, these High humidity air containing water vapor may enter through the opening of the cable. In electrical equipment installed outdoors, rainwater or the like may enter the electrical equipment due to deterioration of waterproof performance over time. Such intrusion of moisture into the electric chamber causes a short circuit, a ground fault, or the like. Therefore, conventionally, measures have been taken such as observing the relative humidity (RH) inside the electric equipment and operating the heater or the like when the relative humidity exceeds a certain threshold to reduce the relative humidity inside the electric equipment.

As a measure to prevent the ingress of moisture into the electric equipment, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of observing the relative humidity (RH) inside the electric equipment and detecting an abnormality in the amount of water vapor in the electric equipment. Further, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a method of adjusting the humidity by opening the ventilation port when the temperature in the electric equipment exceeds a certain threshold value.

Japanese Patent No. 5269052 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-64910

According to the conventional method for determining abnormality in equipment, there is a problem that the accuracy of determining abnormality in equipment is low because only the humidity inside the equipment is targeted and factors outside the equipment are not taken into consideration.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality determination method and an abnormality determination device capable of accurately determining an abnormality with respect to moisture in equipment.

The abnormality determination method of the present invention is
This is an abnormality determination method for equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
The amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment and
By comparing with the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, the abnormality of the moisture inside the equipment was determined .
The second water vapor amount is calculated from the meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the equipment.
Moreover, the abnormality determination method of this invention
This is an abnormality determination method for equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
The amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment and
By comparing with the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, the abnormality of the moisture inside the equipment was determined.
The comparison between the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount is performed by comparing a preset period.
Further, the abnormality determination device of the present invention is
An abnormality determination device in equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
A first detection unit that detects the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment, and
A second detector that detects the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, and
A determination unit that compares the amount of the first water vapor and the amount of the second water vapor to determine an abnormality inside the equipment, and
When the outer wall of the equipment is provided with an opening for communicating the inside and the outside of the equipment or a closing portion for closing the opening.
The first detection unit is installed close to the opening or the closing portion .
Further, the abnormality determination device of the present invention is
An abnormality determination device in equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
A first detection unit that detects the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment, and
A second detector that detects the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, and
A determination unit that compares the amount of the first water vapor and the amount of the second water vapor to determine an abnormality inside the equipment, and
The second detection unit uses meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the equipment.

According to the abnormality determination method and the abnormality determination device of the present invention,
Abnormalities with respect to moisture in equipment can be accurately determined.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus which performs the abnormality determination method of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which showed the temperature value detected by the 1st detection part and the 2nd detection part shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. It is a figure which showed the relative humidity value detected by the 1st detection part and the 2nd detection part shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the amount of water vapor in the air calculated based on the temperature value and the relative humidity value detected from the first detection unit and the second detection unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 5. It is a figure which shows the other structure of the abnormality determination apparatus which performs the abnormality determination method of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus which performs the abnormality determination method of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus which performs the abnormality determination method of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus which performs the abnormality determination method of Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality determination device that performs an abnormality determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the equipment 7 is surrounded by an outer wall. The switch gear 1 is installed inside the equipment 7. The switch gear 1 as an abnormal portion is a portion where an abnormality is caused by moisture. An intake hole 8 and an exhaust hole 10 are formed in the outer wall of the equipment 7 as openings for communicating the inside and the outside of the equipment 7. The intake hole 8 is formed below the equipment 7 in order to take air into the equipment 7.

The exhaust hole 10 is formed above the equipment 7 in order to exhaust the air inside the equipment 7. A penetrating portion 5 is formed on the outer wall of the equipment 7 as a closing portion for closing an opening for communicating the inside and the outside of the equipment 7. The penetration portion 5 is formed to send the high-voltage cable 6 of the switch gear 1 to the outside of the equipment 7. Therefore, the penetrating portion 5 is waterproofed in order to prevent the intrusion of moisture.

The first detection unit 2 is installed inside the equipment 7. The first detection unit 2 detects the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment 7. The first detection unit 2 includes a first thermometer 21 as a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature inside the equipment 7 and a first hygrometer 22 as a relative humidity detection unit for detecting relative humidity. The first detection unit 2 calculates the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment 7 from the temperature and relative humidity detected by the first thermometer 21 and the first hygrometer 22.

The second detection unit 3 is installed outside the equipment 7. The second detection unit 3 detects the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment 7. The second detection unit 3 includes a second thermometer 31 that detects the temperature outside the equipment 7 and a second hygrometer 32 that detects the relative humidity. The second detection unit 3 calculates the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment 7 from the temperature and relative humidity detected by the second thermometer 31 and the second hygrometer 32.

The determination unit 4 compares the amount of the first water vapor detected by the first detection unit 2 with the amount of the second water vapor detected by the second detection unit 3, and determines the abnormality of the water content inside the equipment 7. judge. It is performed depending on whether or not the difference between the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount becomes larger than a preset threshold value, and if it becomes larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the moisture content inside the equipment 7 is abnormal. The determination unit 4 is installed outside the equipment 7. Although not shown in the figure, the determination unit 4 has a configuration in which signals can be exchanged from the first detection unit 2 and the second detection unit 3.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing temperature values detected by the first thermometer 21 of the first detection unit 2 and the second thermometer 31 of the second detection unit 3 shown in FIG. The vertical axis shows the temperature (° C) and the horizontal axis shows the time. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing relative humidity values detected by the first hygrometer 22 of the first detection unit 2 and the second hygrometer 32 of the second detection unit 3 shown in FIG. The vertical axis represents relative humidity (% RH) and the horizontal axis represents time. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the water vapor content values in the air calculated based on the temperature value and the relative humidity value detected from the first detection unit 2 and the second detection unit 3 shown in FIG. The vertical axis shows the amount of water vapor (g / m3), and the horizontal axis shows the time.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, the values shown by the solid lines indicate the values detected and calculated by the first detection unit 2. The value shown by the broken line indicates the value detected and calculated by the second detection unit 3. Further, FIGS. 2 to 4 are views showing a state in which no abnormality has occurred in the equipment 7.

Next, an abnormality determination method of the abnormality determination device of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described. First, since the switch gear 1 is installed inside the equipment 7, the switch gear 1 may generate heat. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the temperature inside the equipment 7 is often higher than the temperature outside. Also, the higher the temperature, the lower the relative humidity. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the relative humidity inside the equipment 7 is lower than the relative humidity outside the equipment 7. Therefore, when the relative humidity is determined as a threshold value, there is a problem that the abnormality cannot be accurately determined unlike the amount of water vapor invading the inside of the equipment 7.

In the first embodiment, the amount of water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment 7 is obtained from the "temperature" and the "relative humidity" inside the equipment 7. Specifically, assuming that air is an ideal gas, the saturated water vapor pressure at the measured temperature is obtained by the procedure 1 shown below. Next, according to the procedure 2 shown below, the amount of water vapor at the saturated water vapor pressure is calculated from the equation of state of the saturated water vapor pressure and the water vapor, and the amount of water vapor in the air is estimated by multiplying this amount of water vapor by the humidity.

Step 1: Using the formula of Tetens (1930), the saturated water vapor pressure e [hPa] at the temperature t [° C.] is calculated from the following (formula 1).

Step 2: Calculate the amount of water vapor a [g / m3] in the air at a temperature t [° C.] and a relative humidity RH [%] using the following equation (2).
a = 217 × (e / (t + 273.15)) × RH / 100 ・ ・ ・ (Equation 2)

Using each of the above procedures, the amount of water vapor in the air is calculated from the temperature and relative humidity shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the amounts of water vapor in the air between the inside of the equipment 7 and the outside of the equipment 7 are almost the same in normal times when no abnormality has occurred in the equipment 7. Therefore, by utilizing this, the abnormality can be determined by comparing the amount of water vapor inside the equipment 7 with the amount of water vapor outside the equipment 7. Specifically, when the amount of water vapor inside the equipment 7 and the amount of water vapor outside the equipment 7 are different, it is determined that there is some abnormality in water content inside the equipment 7.

For example, when water enters the inside of the equipment 7, the amount of water vapor inside the equipment 7 temporarily becomes larger than the amount of water vapor outside the equipment 7. As a result, dew condensation may occur, which causes an abnormality in the switch gear 1. In particular, in rainy weather or in winter, when the relative humidity outside the equipment 7 is close to 100%, if the amount of water vapor inside the equipment 7 is larger than the amount of water vapor outside the equipment 7, dew condensation is likely to occur. Become. When an abnormality is determined in this way, measures such as operating the heater inside the equipment 7 and operating the dehumidifier are taken. This makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation.

Further, if the amount of water vapor inside the equipment 7 is larger than the amount of water vapor outside the equipment 7, it can be determined that there is an abnormality in which water has infiltrated into the equipment 7 for some reason. If the cause is removed, the influence of moisture on the switch gear 1 of the equipment 7 can be suppressed, and the life of the switch gear 1 can be extended.

In the first embodiment, an example in which the first detection unit 2 is installed inside the equipment 7 and outside the switch gear 1 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is shown in FIG. As described above, the switch gear 1 itself is considered as the equipment 7 which is an electric device having an abnormal portion. Then, even when the first detection unit 2 is installed in the switch gear 1, that is, even if the first detection unit 2 is installed inside the equipment 7, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed. Can be done.

The reason for this will be explained. In FIGS. 2 to 4, the values shown by the solid lines are the values of the first detection unit 2 corresponding to FIG. The value indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is the value of the first detection unit 2 corresponding to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the first detection unit 2 inside the equipment 7 corresponding to FIG. 1 and the first detection unit 2 in the switch gear 1 corresponding to FIG. 5 can be said strictly. Although they differ, they show almost the same relationships (trends) in temperature, humidity, and water vapor content. From this, it can be said that it can be performed in the same manner as in the above embodiment and that the same effect can be obtained.

In the first embodiment, the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount are compared at any time to detect an abnormality, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the predetermined period is the first. It is also possible to compare the amount of one water vapor and the amount of second water vapor.

Further, in the first embodiment, the threshold value is shown by one example, but the threshold value is not limited to this, and the threshold value is set according to the time zone and the season, respectively, and the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount are set respectively. It is also possible to make a comparison with.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the relationship between the external temperature of the equipment 7 and the relative humidity differs depending on the time of day and the weather and season. In addition to this, the temperature and relative humidity also differ depending on the amount of heat generated in the equipment 1. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, regarding the normal temperature, relative humidity, and the amount of water vapor in the air, the time zone during which the equipment 7 is operated, daytime, nighttime, one day, one for a certain period of time. It is preferable to observe changes such as weekly, 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year, and set a threshold value appropriately accordingly.

Further, although not particularly shown in the first embodiment, for example, when the temperature of the switch gear 1 as an abnormal portion changes due to heat generation, a threshold value is set according to the heat generation of the switch gear 1. It is also possible to compare the amount of the first water vapor and the amount of the second water vapor.

According to the abnormality determination method and the abnormality determination device of the first embodiment configured as described above, the inside of the equipment is compared with the amount of the first water vapor inside the equipment and the amount of the second water vapor outside the equipment. The infiltration of water into the water can be detected accurately and inexpensively. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the abnormality of the switch gear as the abnormal portion.

Further, in the first embodiment, the example of the switch gear is shown as an abnormal part caused by moisture, but the present invention is not limited to this, and even if it is something other than an electric device, an abnormality is caused by moisture. If it is an abnormal part that occurs, it is possible to determine the abnormality in the same way.

Embodiment 2.
6 and 7 are diagrams showing a configuration of an abnormality determination device that performs the abnormality determination method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The second embodiment describes a case where the first detection unit 2 is installed at a location different from that of the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the first detection unit 2 is installed at a place where moisture is easily inserted in the equipment 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the first detection unit 2 is installed near the penetration portion 5 for penetrating the high-voltage cable 6. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the first detection unit 2 is installed near the intake hole 8.

The case of FIG. 6 will be described. The penetrating portion 5 of the high-voltage cable 6 of the switch gear 1 has a higher possibility of moisture invading than other portions, such as when the waterproof performance is poor or when the waterproof performance deteriorates due to aging of the portion. Therefore, if the first detection unit 2 is installed near the penetration portion 5, the intrusion of moisture can be detected with high accuracy, and the accuracy of detecting an abnormality is improved.

Further, the case of FIG. 7 will be described. Since the intake hole 8 communicates the inside and the outside of the equipment 7, the possibility of moisture entering is higher than that of other parts. Therefore, if the first detection unit 2 is installed near the intake hole 8, the intrusion of moisture can be detected with high accuracy, and the accuracy of determining the abnormality is improved.

According to the abnormality determination method and the abnormality inspection device of the second embodiment configured as described above, not only the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained, but also there is a high possibility that moisture of the equipment invades. Since the first detection unit is provided at the location, the intrusion of moisture can be detected with high accuracy, and the accuracy of abnormality determination is improved.

Embodiment 3.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality determination device that performs the abnormality determination method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in each of the above embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The third embodiment describes a case where the second detection unit 3 is different from each of the above-described embodiments. In the third embodiment, the second detection unit 3 uses the meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the equipment 7. Therefore, it is not necessary to include the second detection unit 3 itself, and the determination unit 4 uses the meteorological data of the Japan Meteorological Agency or the like.

The first detection unit 2 includes an absolute hygrometer 23 as an absolute humidity detection unit. In the first embodiment, an example in which the amount of water vapor is calculated based on the temperature value detected by the first thermometer 21 and the relative humidity value detected by the first hygrometer 22 is shown. In No. 3, the amount of water vapor is detected based on the value of the absolute hygrometer 23. Then, even in the case of being configured as shown in the third embodiment, the method for determining the abnormality of the moisture content inside the equipment 7 can be carried out in the same manner as in each of the above-described embodiments.

According to the abnormality determination method and the abnormality inspection device of the third embodiment configured as described above, not only the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments are obtained, but also it is not necessary to provide the second detection unit. , Abnormality judgment can be reduced in cost. Further, since the first detection unit is composed of only an absolute hygrometer, the cost of abnormality determination can be reduced.

In the present invention, each embodiment can be freely combined, and each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted within the scope of the invention.

1 Switch gear, 2 1st detector, 21 1st thermometer, 22 1st hygrometer,
23 Absolute Hygrometer, 3 Second Detector, 31 Second Thermometer, 32 Second Hygrometer,
4 Judgment part, 5 Penetration part, 6 High voltage cable, 7 Equipment, 8 Intake hole, 10 Exhaust hole.

Claims (12)

This is an abnormality determination method for equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
The amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment and
By comparing with the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, the abnormality of the moisture inside the equipment was determined .
The second water vapor amount is an abnormality determination method calculated from meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the equipment. This is an abnormality determination method for equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
The amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment and
By comparing with the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, the abnormality of the moisture inside the equipment was determined .
The comparison between the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount is an abnormality determination method performed by comparing a preset period. The comparison of the first water vapor content and the second amount of water vapor, the abnormality determination method of the serial placement in claim 1 carried out at a comparison of the preset period. The abnormality determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first water vapor amount is calculated from a temperature value and a relative humidity value inside the equipment, or an absolute humidity value. The comparison between the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount is performed depending on whether or not the difference between the first water vapor amount and the second water vapor amount becomes larger than a preset threshold value, and the comparison is made based on the threshold value. The abnormality determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the abnormality is determined when the size becomes large. The abnormality determination method according to claim 5, wherein the threshold value is set according to the time zone and the season, respectively. When the temperature of the abnormal part changes due to heat generation
The abnormality determination method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the threshold value is set according to the heat generation of the abnormal portion. An abnormality determination device in equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
A first detection unit that detects the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment, and
A second detector that detects the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, and
A determination unit that compares the amount of the first water vapor and the amount of the second water vapor to determine an abnormality inside the equipment, and
When the outer wall of the equipment is provided with an opening for communicating the inside and the outside of the equipment or a closing portion for closing the opening.
The first detection unit is an abnormality determination device installed in the vicinity of the opening or the closing portion. An abnormality determination device in equipment that is surrounded by an outer wall and has an abnormal part that is affected by moisture.
A first detection unit that detects the amount of first water vapor contained in the air inside the equipment, and
A second detector that detects the amount of second water vapor contained in the air outside the equipment, and
A determination unit that compares the amount of the first water vapor and the amount of the second water vapor to determine an abnormality inside the equipment, and
The second detection unit is an abnormality determination device that uses meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the equipment. The second detection unit, the equipment serial mounting of the abnormality determination apparatus in claim 8 utilizing meteorological data corresponding to the installation location of the. The abnormality determination device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the first detection unit includes a temperature detection unit and a relative humidity detection unit, or an absolute humidity detection unit. The abnormality determination device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the equipment is an electric device having the abnormal portion.

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