JP6846774B2 - Flow path opening / closing device and flow path opening / closing method using the flow path switching device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for opening and closing a flow path in a flow pipe through which a fluid flows, and a method thereof, and opens and closes by a simple operation outside the flow pipe without applying a mechanical force directly into the flow pipe.

Types of valves that limit the flow rate of fluid include glove valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, gate valves, etc., and are selected according to the nature of the fluid, the amount of flow rate, and the required accuracy.
Further, the drive for opening and closing the valve is assumed to be electric, air pressure, or manual. In both cases, an electromagnetic force outside the flow pipe moves an on-off valve inside the flow pipe, or a mechanical force is directly applied to the inside of the flow pipe from outside the flow pipe.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-185657

The prior art described in Patent Document 1 moves the screw in the axial direction by rotating the screw with an electromagnetic force, a so-called motor, to open and close the lid of the flow path.
It is possible to open and close the flow path by air pressure instead of electric power, but in each case, the structure is complicated and electrical wiring and air piping are required.

There is also a structure in which the valve is opened and closed manually. However, in this case as well, special parts and their mounting are required.
Moreover, the biggest concern of the existing valves mentioned above is that no matter how the holes made in the flow tube body through which the fluid flows are sealed, there is a possibility that the fluid leaks from the flow path.
If you experience an extreme temperature or temperature difference environment due to the temperature of the fluid or the temperature of the environment, the possibility of fluid leakage increases due to deterioration of the sealing part and sealing material, and if the fluid is flammable, it will lead to a fatal accident. It could be.

Therefore, in the present invention, the inside and the outside are completely separated and isolated without making a hole in the flow pipe body through which the fluid flows, and the flow path inside the flow pipe is opened and closed without mechanically direct operation. The goal is to realize a flow path opening / closing device and a flow path opening / closing method capable of performing the above.

In the present invention, the north and south poles of the two permanent magnets are magnetically attached to each of the two sets of soft magnetic materials fixed in the flow tube body through which the fluid flows from the outside of the flow tube body. We found a mechanism to open and close the flow path of the fluid by changing the position of the permanent magnet to change the magnetic circuit while forming a magnetic circuit inside the flow tube main body.

That is, one-to-two soft magnetic materials having a cross section fixed to the inner wall of the annular flow tube body and located at both ends in the radial direction of the flow tube body, and near both of the two soft magnetic materials and It is composed of one soft magnetic material that is installed in the axial direction and can move forward and backward in the axial direction of the flow pipe in the flow pipe body, and is linked to the mechanical advance and retreat movement of the movable soft magnetic material. A valve body that mechanically goes straight or retracts is a flow path opening / closing device that opens / closes the flow path.

The flow path opening / closing device can open / close the flow path by the following method. That is, one of the one-to-two soft magnetic materials has at least one N pole of a permanent magnet, and the other soft magnetic material has at least one S pole of a permanent magnet. When approached from the outside, the flow of magnetic flux continues from "the north pole of the external permanent magnet" to "one of a pair of soft magnetic materials" and then to "one movable soft magnetic material". It constitutes a magnetic circuit that connects "the other one of the pair of soft magnetic materials" to "the S pole of the external permanent magnet".

Furthermore, when the external permanent magnets are moved approximately 90 degrees in the same circumferential direction, the flow of magnetic flux moves from the "N pole of the external permanent magnet" to the "one-to-two soft magnetic material", and then to the "external". It constitutes a magnetic circuit connected to the "S pole of a permanent magnet".
By switching the magnetic circuit by switching the two positions of the permanent magnet, the force that attracts the soft magnetic material is applied, or by disabling the force, it advances and retreats in conjunction with the mechanical advancing and retreating movement of the soft magnetic material. The valve body opens and closes the flow path.

Further, instead of the one movable soft magnetic material installed inside the flow tube main body through which the fluid flows, two pairs of soft magnetic materials that can move in the axial direction of the flow tube and the flow tube. It may be at least two permanent magnets on the outside of the main body that can be brought close to each of the soft magnetic materials.

That is, a pair of two soft magnetic materials fixed in the flow tube body having an annular cross section and the pair of soft magnetic materials are installed side by side in the axial direction of the tube, and the flow tube body. It is composed of another one-to-two soft magnetic material that can be integrated inside and can go straight and retract in the axial direction of the flow tube, and at least one in each of the fixed one-to-two soft magnetic materials. The north pole of the permanent magnet and at least one south pole can be brought close to each other from the outside of the flow tube body, and at least one pair of other movable soft magnetic materials is similarly placed. The configuration is such that the north pole of one permanent magnet and the south pole of at least one permanent magnet can be brought close to each other from the outside of the flow tube main body.

Then, either a pair of permanent magnets close to a fixed pair of soft magnetic materials or a pair of permanent magnets close to a pair of soft magnetic materials that can move in the axial direction of the flow tube. A flow path opening / closing method characterized in that the magnetic circuit can be changed by moving one pair to at least one of approximately 90 degrees or approximately 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the flow tube body. It may be.

Further, instead of the one-to-two soft magnetic material fixed in the flow tube main body, a pair of two permanent magnets may be fixed in the flow tube main body. However, the attached permanent magnet outside the main body of the flow pipe becomes unnecessary.

In addition, the permanent magnets placed outside the main body of the flow tube are set with other permanent magnets that are different from the one magnetic pole that is close to and toward the soft magnetic material inside the main body of the flow tube. It is preferable to connect the same magnetic poles of the magnet with a soft magnetic material to form a magnetic circuit on the outside of the flow tube main body.

According to the above, it is possible to change the magnetic circuit composed of the permanent magnet on the outside of the flow tube main body and the soft magnetic material or permanent magnet in the flow tube main body. As a result, a state in which the movable magnetic material does not attract, repel, or force in the axial direction of the flow tube appears, and the flow path opening / closing valve body mechanically interlocked with the magnetic material is moved to flow. It is possible to open and close the road.

According to the present invention, the external permanent magnet is moved by about 90 degrees or about 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the flow tube body in a state where the inside and outside of the flow tube body through which the fluid flows are mechanically completely blocked. In other words, the fluid passage can be opened and closed by a simple manual operation.
The structure is simple.

It is a figure explaining Example 1 of this invention, and is the schematic view of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the flow tube main body. It is a figure explaining Example 1 of this invention, and is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the position shown by AA'in FIG. 1 (a). It is another figure explaining Example 1 of this invention, and is the schematic view of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the flow tube main body. It is another figure explaining Example 1 of this invention, and is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the position shown by BB'in FIG. 2-(a). It is a figure explaining the example of the other embodiment of this invention, and is the example of the embodiment substantially equivalent to FIG. 1- (a). It is a figure explaining the example of the other embodiment of this invention, and is the example of the embodiment substantially equivalent to FIG. 2- (a). It is a figure explaining the example of the other embodiment of this invention, and is the example of the embodiment substantially equivalent to FIG. 3-(a). It is a figure explaining the example of the other embodiment of this invention, and is the example of the embodiment substantially equivalent to FIG. 3-(b). It is a figure explaining Example 2 of this invention, and is the schematic view of the cross section along the axial direction of the flow tube main body. It is a figure explaining Example 2 of this invention, and shows the arrangement of the magnetic material and the permanent magnet arranged in the lower part of FIG. 5- (a). It is a figure explaining Example 2 of this invention, and shows the arrangement of the magnetic material and the permanent magnet arranged in the upper part of FIG. 5- (a). In Example 2 of this invention, it is explanatory drawing when the permanent magnet outside the flow tube main body of FIG. 5 (c) was moved about 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, and is the cross section along the axial direction of the flow tube main body. It is a schematic diagram of. In Example 2 of the present invention, it is explanatory drawing when the permanent magnet outside the flow tube main body of FIG. 5- (c) is moved about 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, and is the upper part of FIG. 6- (a). It is sectional drawing in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction including a magnetic material. It is a figure explaining the structure of Example 3 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which applied Example 1 of this invention to a globe valve.

Examples and drawings will be described.

FIG. 1- (a) is a schematic view of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction in the portion of the flow pipe body through which the fluid flows according to the present invention. However, it is a view seen from the soft magnetic material 3 side of FIG. 1- (b) described later.
Two soft magnetic bodies 2 are fixedly arranged inside the flow tube body 1, and permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are arranged outside the flow tube body corresponding to the soft magnetic material. ing. Here, the permanent magnet 4-1 is close to the soft magnetic material with the north pole facing the flow tube main body side, and the permanent magnet 4-2 is close to the soft magnetic material with the south pole facing the flow tube main body side. are doing.
The flow tube body is non-magnetic and is made of non-magnetic stainless steel such as brass or SUS304.

The magnetic field lines 5 in the case of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1- (a) pass through the permanent magnet 4-1 through the soft magnetic material and pass through the permanent magnet 4-2 to form a magnetic circuit. In the explanatory diagram of the present invention, the flow of magnetic field lines is shown by a broken line.

FIG. 1- (b) shows a schematic view of a flow tube main body having a cross section taken along the line AA'of FIG. 1- (a). The soft magnetic material 3 is arranged near the two soft magnetic materials 2 in a set, and is mechanically connected to the valve body 6.
However, the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are arranged at positions far from the soft magnetic body 3 in the length direction of the soft magnetic body 2, that is, in the axial direction of the flow tube main body.
The soft magnetic body 3 and the valve body 6 are integrally supported by, for example, a bearing (not shown) so that they can smoothly advance and retreat in the axial direction of the flow pipe body.
Further, the valve body 6 may be pressed against the valve seat 7 by a spring (not shown) or the like.

In the case of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1- (a), since the magnetic circuit is closed between the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 and the soft magnetic material 2, the soft magnetic material 2 is shown in FIG. 1- (b). A magnetic circuit is not formed between the soft magnetic material 3 and the soft magnetic material 3. That is, no magnetic force is generated.
In this case, the valve body 6 is pressed against the valve seat 7 by, for example, fluid pressure or the force of a spring, and the flow path through which the fluid flows from the space 8 to the space 9 side is closed.
The soft magnetic material 3 is provided with gaps and holes shown by, for example, broken lines so that the fluid can easily flow.

In FIG. 1- (a), the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are moved (rotated) by about 90 degrees clockwise along the outer circumference of the flow tube main body 1, respectively. a).
FIG. 2- (b) is a schematic view of the flow tube main body having BB'in the cross section. However, the valve body 6 and the like are omitted.

Since each of the soft magnetic materials 2 is magnetized to form a magnetic circuit via the nearby soft magnetic material 3, the soft magnetic material 3 receives a force attracted by the soft magnetic material 2 fixed to the flow tube main body.
In this way, the valve body 6 integrated with the soft magnetic body 3 is separated from the valve seat 7, and a flow path through which the fluid flows from the space 8 to the space 9 is opened.

Two soft magnetic materials 2 made of magnetic steel having the shapes shown in FIGS. 2- (a) and 2- (b) were fixed inside a brass flow tube body having a wall thickness of 2.0 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm. The cross-sectional area of one soft magnetic material shown in FIG. 2- (a) was about 340 mm2. The axial length of the flow tube body of the magnetic material is 40 mm.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2- (b), the soft magnetic material 3 made of magnetic steel having a direct line of 39.5 mm and a thickness of 2.0 mm was located at a position 3.0 mm from the end of the soft magnetic material 2. ..

On the other hand, the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 made of sintered Nd magnets have a semi-cylindrical shape that fits perfectly along the outer circumference of the flow tube body, and have a circumferential length of 46 mm on the inner diameter side and a radial direction. The thickness was 7 mm, the length in the axial direction was 15 mm, and the entire inner diameter side was N pole and S pole. The surface magnetic flux density was approximately 350 mT.
When the above-mentioned soft magnetic material and permanent magnet were set at the above-mentioned positions, the soft magnetic material 3 received an attractive force of about 1.7 N (Newton), and the valve body 6 was separated from the valve seat 7 to open the flow path.

When the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are moved 90 degrees in the original direction or further 90 degrees in total for 180 degrees, the magnetic circuit is short-circuited and does not pass through the soft magnetic material 3, so that the soft magnetism is softened. The attractive force between the body 2 and the soft magnetic material 3 disappears.
Then, the valve body 6 was pressed against the valve seat 7 by the force of the fluid pressure or the spring, and the flow path was closed.

The permanent magnet used in the present invention may be, for example, as shown in FIG. 3- (a) instead of FIG. 1- (a). When the permanent magnet is moved 90 degrees along the outer circumference of the flow tube main body, FIG. 3- (b) is obtained, and a magnetic circuit equivalent to that of FIG. 2- (a) can be obtained.

4 (a) and 4- (b) show the yoke 10 arranged on the permanent magnets of FIGS. 3- (a) and 3- (b), respectively, and the flow tube main body of the four permanent magnets. Each of the magnetic pole sides opposite to the magnetic poles facing the side is connected by a soft magnetic yoke 10.
By configuring the magnetic circuit through the yoke 10 outside the main body of the flow tube, the soft magnetic material 2 can be magnetized more strongly, and the magnetic attraction force with the soft magnetic material 3 can be strengthened.

The yoke 10 can also be applied to the permanent magnet shown in FIG. 1- (a). By integrating (fixing) the permanent magnet and the yoke 10, it is convenient because the operation of moving the permanent magnet along the outer circumference of the flow tube main body becomes easy.
The lines of magnetic force passing through the yoke 10 are not described.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view in which Example 1 of the present invention is applied to a globe valve. There is a permanent magnet 4-1 outside the flow tube body at a position facing one of the soft magnetic bodies 2 fixed in the flow tube body 17, and the permanent magnet 4 is at a similar position facing another soft magnetic body. -2 is arranged. In this case, the configuration shown in FIG. 2- (a) is obtained, and the magnetic field lines (not shown) are from the permanent magnet 4-1 to the soft magnetic material 2, then to the soft magnetic material 3, then to the soft magnetic material 2, and then permanently. It is connected to the magnet 4-2 to form a magnetic circuit, and the soft magnetic material 3 receives an attractive force from the magnetized soft magnetic material 2. FIG. 2- (b) shows the magnetic circuit.

Then, the valve body 6 (not shown) that is mechanically connected to the soft magnetic body 3 so that it can smoothly advance and retreat in the axial direction of the flow pipe body is separated from the valve seat 7. A flow path from the space 15 which is a flow path in the flow tube main body to the space 16 opens.

When the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are moved by 90 degrees and changed to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1- (a), the magnetic circuit does not pass through the soft magnetic material 3, so that the attractive force to the soft magnetic material 3 is increased. The valve body 6 is lost and is pressed against the valve seat 7 by its own weight, spring, or fluid pressure, and the flow path can be closed.

FIG. 5- (a) shows that two pairs of soft magnetic materials 11 are arranged in place of the soft magnetic material 3 in FIG. 1- (b) of Example 1, and the soft magnetic material 11 is a flow tube. It is the same as in the first embodiment, including the fact that it can move forward and backward in the axial direction in the main body and is integrated with the valve body 6.
Further, the permanent magnets 12-1 and 12-2 are arranged on the outside of the flow tube main body so as to face the soft magnetic body 11. The permanent magnets 12-1 and 12-2 are arranged at positions far from the soft magnetic body 2 in the length direction of the soft magnetic body 11, that is, in the axial direction of the flow tube main body.

Looking at the arrangement of the permanent magnets shown in FIG. 5- (a) in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the flow tube body, the portion of the fixed magnetic body 2 is shown in FIG. 5- (b), which is a magnetic material capable of advancing and retreating. Part 11 is shown in FIG. 5- (c). However, FIGS. 5- (b) and 5- (c) are views viewed from the side of the empty space 13 of FIG. 5- (a), respectively.
In the magnetic circuit in the case of the arrangement of FIGS. 5- (a), (b), and (c), as shown in FIG. 5- (a), the magnetic poles of the same poles of the magnetized soft magnetic bodies 2 and 11 are oriented. When they meet, a repulsive force is generated.

The magnetic field lines 5 are concentrated in the space 13 where the same magnetic poles face each other, but the magnetic field lines repel each other, so that the magnetic poles repel each other, the S pole and the S pole, and the N pole and the N pole repel each other, and the magnetic body 11 is fixed. It repels body 2 and is pushed upward in the figure.
At this time, the valve body integrated with the soft magnetic body 11 is pressed against the valve seat 7, and the flow path is closed.

Next, when the permanent magnet of FIG. 5- (c) is moved by about 180 degrees along the outer circumference of the flow tube main body, it becomes as shown in FIG. 6- (b), and as a result, the soft magnetic material 2 and the soft magnetism are obtained. The magnetic poles different from the body 11 come to face each other, and a magnetic attraction works.
FIG. 6- (a) schematically shows the state.
In this case, the valve body 6 integrated with the magnetic body 11 is attracted to the lower part of the drawing, and a flow path is opened between the valve body 6 and the valve seat 7.

In this embodiment, the permanent magnets 12-1 and 12-2 facing the movable magnetic body 11 were moved to open and close the flow path, but the permanent magnets 12-1 and 12-2 did not move. Even if the permanent magnets 4-1 and 4-2 are moved by 180 degrees, the same attractive force can be obtained.

In FIG. 5- (a) of Example 3, the permanent magnets 41 and 42 were fixed at the positions where the magnetic body 2 was fixed in the flow tube main body instead of the fixed soft magnetic body 2. As shown in FIG. 7, the north pole of the permanent magnet 41 is arranged so as to face one of the soft magnetic materials 11, and the south pole of the permanent magnet 42 is arranged to face the other soft magnetic material 11.

If the arrangement of the permanent magnets outside the flow tube main body that is set with the soft magnetic material 11 is the same as that in FIG. 5- (c), the magnetic poles are arranged as shown in FIG. 7, and the space 13 has the arrangement of the magnetic poles shown in FIG. -The same magnetic field lines as in (a) overflow, and the soft magnetic material 11 receives a repulsive force from the fixed permanent magnets 41 and 42.
Next, when the permanent magnets 12-1 and 12-2 are moved 180 degrees along the outer circumference of the flow tube body, the soft magnetic body 11 receives attractive force from the fixed permanent magnets 41 and 42.
Thus, the flow path can be opened and closed.

The present invention can be applied as a valve that opens and closes a fluid flow path by a simple manual operation without requiring electric power in a state where the inside and outside of the flow tube body through which the fluid flows are mechanically completely shut off. ..

1 Flow tube body 2 Soft magnetic material 3 Soft magnetic material 4-1 Permanent magnet 4-2 Permanent magnet 41 Permanent magnet 42 Permanent magnet 5 Magnetic field line 6 Valve body 7 Valve seat 8 Fluid flow path space 9 Fluid flow path space 10 York 11 Soft magnetic material 12-1 Permanent magnet 12-2 Permanent magnet 13 Void part 14 Globe valve 15 Fluid flow path space 16 Fluid flow path space 17 Flow tube body

Claims (10)

A pair of soft magnetic materials having an annular cross section, fixed to the inner wall inside the flow tube body through which the fluid flows, and located at both ends in the radial direction of the flow tube body.
It is composed of one soft magnetic material which is installed near both of the one-to-two soft magnetic materials and which can move forward and backward in the axial direction of the flow pipe in the flow pipe body.
A flow path switching device in which a valve body that mechanically goes straight or retracts opens and closes the flow path in conjunction with the mechanical advance / retreat movement of a movable soft magnetic material installed inside the flow tube body. At least one soft magnetic material of each of one to two soft magnetic materials having an annular cross section and fixed to the inner wall inside the flow pipe body through which fluid flows, and located at both ends in the radial direction of the flow pipe body. When the north pole of one permanent magnet and the south pole of at least one permanent magnet are brought close to each other from the outside of the flow tube body, the flow of magnetic flux becomes "external permanent magnet". From "N pole" to "one pair of soft magnetic materials", then to "one movable soft magnetic material", and then from "the other one pair of soft magnetic materials" to "external permanent" When a magnetic circuit connected to the "S pole of the magnet" is constructed and the permanent magnets arranged on the outer periphery of the flow tube body are moved by approximately 90 degrees in the same circumferential direction, the flow of magnetic flux is changed to that of the "external permanent magnet". The flow path according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic circuit is formed which connects "N pole" to "1 to 2 soft magnetic materials" and then to "S pole of an external permanent magnet". A flow path opening / closing method using an opening / closing device. A pair of soft magnetic materials having an annular cross section, fixed to the inner wall inside the flow tube body through which the fluid flows, and located at both ends in the radial direction of the flow tube body.
The 1 is and facing axially installed near the two respective pairs of two soft magnetic and flow tube soft in integrated in the axial direction of the flow tube back and forth movement two pair possible in body Composed of magnetic material
In conjunction with the mechanical reciprocating motion of the soft magnetic material two pair is movable while the integrated flow channel opening and closing device the valve body mechanically straight or recession for opening and closing the flow path. One soft magnetic material A in each of the one-to-two soft magnetic materials having an annular cross section and fixed to the inner wall inside the flow pipe body through which the fluid flows, and located at both ends in the radial direction of the flow pipe body. Brings the north pole of at least one permanent magnet and the south pole of at least one permanent magnet to the other soft magnetic material B from the outside of the flow tube body.
Wherein the face placed in fixed pair two both and axially near the respective soft magnetic material, integral with the flow tube axially retractable movement two pair of soft magnetic material of the body is a The soft magnetic body C facing the soft magnetic body A has at least one S pole of a permanent magnet, and the soft magnetic body D facing the soft magnetic body B has at least one permanent magnet. When the north poles of the magnets are brought close to each other from the outside of the flow tube body,
The flow of magnetic flux is from "the north pole of the external permanent magnet close to the soft magnetic material A" to "soft magnetic material A", then to "soft magnetic material C", and then close to "soft magnetic material C". Along with constructing a magnetic circuit that connects to the "S pole of the external permanent magnet", the "N pole of the external permanent magnet that is close to the soft magnetic material D" is changed to the "soft magnetic material D", and then "soft magnetic material D". A magnetic circuit is configured to connect to "body B" and then to "the south pole of the external permanent magnet that is close to the soft magnetic body B".
One set of external permanent magnets corresponding to the soft magnetic body A and the soft magnetic body B and one set of the external permanent magnets corresponding to the soft magnetic body C and the soft magnetic body D do not move. , The other set is characterized by changing the magnetic circuit by moving the outer circumference of the flow tube body to at least one of about 90 degrees or about 180 degrees without changing the relative position of the permanent magnets of the set. The flow path opening / closing method using the flow path opening / closing device according to claim 3. One-to-two magnetized in the axial direction of the flow tube body and in the opposite directions, fixed to the inner wall inside the flow tube body with an annular cross section and placed at both ends in the radial direction of the flow tube body. Permanent magnet and
Each of the two soft magnetic materials installed near each of the one-to-two permanent magnets and facing each other in the axial direction can move forward and backward in the flow tube body in an integrated manner in the axial direction of the flow tube. Consists of a pair of soft magnetic materials
A flow path opening / closing device in which a valve body that mechanically advances straight or retracts opens / closes a flow path in conjunction with the mechanical advance / retreat movement of a pair of soft magnetic materials that can be integrally moved. Section is fixed to the inner wall of the flow tube body fluid flow in annular, and the flow tube are positioned at both ends in the diameter direction of the main body, a pair were magnetized and each backward in the axial direction of the tube body 2 There are two permanent magnets, and there is a set of two soft magnetic materials that are installed close to the two permanent magnets and facing each other in the axial direction.
At least one S pole of the permanent magnet is brought close to the soft magnetic body E whose magnetic poles of the facing permanent magnets correspond to the N poles from the outside of the flow tube body, and the magnetic poles of the facing permanent magnets are the S poles. When the north pole of at least one permanent magnet is brought close to the soft magnetic material F corresponding to the above from the outside of the flow tube body,
Along with forming a magnetic circuit in which the flow of magnetic flux is connected from the "N pole of the fixed permanent magnet" to the "soft magnetic body E" and then to the "S pole of the external permanent magnet close to the soft magnetic body E". A magnetic circuit is constructed that connects the "N pole of the external permanent magnet close to the soft magnetic material F" to the "soft magnetic material F" and then to the "S pole of the fixed permanent magnet".
One set of external permanent magnets corresponding to the soft magnetic material E and the soft magnetic material F is set so that the outer circumference of the flow tube body is at least about 90 degrees or 180 degrees without changing the relative position of the permanent magnets of the set. The flow path opening / closing method using the flow path opening / closing device according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic circuit is changed by moving. In flow duct pair two least two permanent magnets set in the soft magnetic proximity correspondingly disposed outside the flow tube body in the body, opposite to the polarity of the flow tube body side of each permanent magnet The flow path opening / closing according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5 , wherein an external magnetic circuit is formed outside the flow tube main body by connecting the polar sides of the above with a soft magnetic material. apparatus. The flow path opening / closing device is a set of at least two permanent magnets installed outside the flow tube body in close proximity to one to two soft magnetic materials in the flow tube body, and the flow tube body of each permanent magnet. The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the flow path opening / closing device according to the first aspect is used in which the polar side opposite to the polarity of the side is connected by a soft magnetic material to form an external magnetic circuit outside the flow tube main body. The flow path opening / closing method described. The flow path opening / closing device is a set of at least two permanent magnets installed outside the flow tube body in close proximity to one to two soft magnetic materials in the flow tube body, and the flow tube body of each permanent magnet. The fourth aspect of the present invention is the use of the flow path opening / closing device according to the third aspect, wherein the polar side opposite to the polarity of the side is connected by a soft magnetic material to form an external magnetic circuit outside the flow tube main body. The flow path opening / closing method described. The flow path opening / closing device is a set of at least two permanent magnets installed outside the flow tube body in close proximity to one to two soft magnetic materials in the flow tube body, and the flow tube body of each permanent magnet. The sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the flow path opening / closing device according to claim 5, wherein an external magnetic circuit is formed outside the flow tube main body by connecting a polar side opposite to the polarity of the side with a soft magnetic material. The flow path opening / closing method described.

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