JP6833478B2 - Ventilation system for closed equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ventilation device for a closed device such as a metal closed switch gear or a metal closed switchboard.

Conventional closed-type devices such as switch gears are provided with ventilation openings on the doors and ceilings in order to suppress an internal temperature rise, and are cooled by a ventilation device by natural convection or forced convection. For efficient cooling of transformers that generate a large amount of heat and switch gears that house circuit breakers with a large current rating, a ventilation tube that can take a large ventilation area and a ventilation device that houses a ventilation fan are installed so as to project above the ceiling. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-276614 (page 1, FIG. 1)

When the ventilation device of the conventional closed equipment is installed on the ceiling, the total height of the closed equipment is increased by the height dimension of the ventilation device, and the ventilation device must be removed and shipped due to the height limitation of the transportation truck. In some cases, there was a problem that the cost of separately sending the ventilation system or installing it on site was extra. In addition, when the switchboard is hung by a crane in a factory or on-site installation, the wire may interfere with the ventilation device and need to be removed, which causes the same problem as described above.
For example, when forced convection is not required, if a ventilation device such as a ventilation cylinder is not installed on the ceiling and a ventilation port is simply provided on the ceiling, the height dimension of the closed device will not increase. However, in order to prevent foreign matter and water droplets from entering in the vertical direction, it is necessary to attach a filter to the ventilation port or install a simple roof or the like. In addition to the demerit that the ventilation area is small in both cases, in the former case, frequent inspection is required in order to increase the cost of the filter and prevent clogging of the filter. In the latter case, there are problems that the cost of assembling and installing a simple roof and the like is added, and that it may be necessary to remove the ventilation cylinder as well.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the total height of the closed type equipment including the ventilation device is suppressed, and the removal at the time of transportation and the assembly work at the time of installation are not required at low cost. It is intended to provide a ventilator for closed equipment that can.

The ventilation device of the closed type device according to the present invention has an opening edge formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and the bottom plate portion and the periphery of the bottom plate portion upward. to be formed with a side wall portion extended, the upper end periphery of the side wall portion is the connected along the opening edge forming a recess in the top plate, each number multiple in the side wall of the recess A ventilation member provided with a ventilation port is provided, and the ventilation member is formed in a space from the upper portion to the top plate with an insulation distance and an internal component device arranged inside the housing.

In the present invention, by adopting the above configuration, it is possible to suppress an increase in the height of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed device by the height corresponding to the height of the ventilation device, and it is possible to remove and install the device during transportation. It is possible to obtain an inexpensive closed-type device that eliminates the need for assembly work.

The perspective view which shows the switch gear which installed the ventilation system in Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part when the switch gear shown in FIG. 1 is a feeder two-stage stacking board. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part when the switch gear shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The cross-sectional view which shows the main part of the ventilation apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention. The cross-sectional view which shows the main part of the ventilation apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention. Top view showing the ventilation apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the main part of the ventilation apparatus in Embodiment 5 of this invention, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view.

In this document, the case where the closed type device is a switch gear will be described.
Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a switch gear in which a ventilation device is installed according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical section showing a main configuration when the switch gear shown in FIG. 1 is a feeder two-stage stacking board. A top view, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a main configuration when the switch gear shown in FIG. 1 is a bus connecting board, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view (cross section) of the ventilation device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. End view). In the figure, the ventilation device 1 in the closed type device of the first embodiment penetrates the top plate 21 of the housing 20 constituting the metal closed type switch gear 2 having an outer shape formed in a closed box shape in the vertical direction. Formed in a box shape with an open upper surface having an opening edge portion 21a formed, a bottom plate portion 31 arranged in the horizontal direction, and a side wall portion 32 formed so as to extend the periphery of the bottom plate portion 31 upward. A ventilation member is formed by connecting the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion 32 along the above-mentioned opening edge portion 21a to form a recess A in the top plate 21 and providing a plurality of ventilation holes 33 in the side wall portion 32 of the recess A. 3 and are configured to include.

The top plate 21 including the opening edge portion 21a and the ventilation member 3 may be integrally formed from one plate material by, for example, press molding, or may be configured as a separate member, and the ventilation member 3 may be formed as a separate member of the top plate 21. It may be attached to the opening edge portion 21a by an appropriate fixing means such as welding or screwing. Further, the recess A formed by the opening edge portion 21a and the ventilation member 3 is not limited to a quadrangle in a plan view, and is, for example, another polygon, a circular shape, or a combination of a polygon and a curve such as a circle. The shape does not matter. Further, the switch gear 2 is configured as a type installed indoors.

The ventilation device 1 is an internal space of the housing 20 that satisfies the restrictions such as the arrangement of the internal components of the switch gear 2, the required insulation distance, the terminal processing dimension of the cable, and the securing of the work space at the installation destination. It is placed in the space that is not affected, that is, in the dead space. For example, FIG. 2 shows the ventilation device 1 of the present invention installed on the top plate 21 in the ceiling portion of a switch gear composed of a general feeder two-stage stacking board. In the case of this switch gear, the required height dimension is determined by the arrangement of the two stacked circuit breakers 4 and internal components, the required terminal processing dimensions of the external cable 5, and the like, for example, the external cable 5 is required. If the dimensions are insufficient, it is necessary to raise the switch gear 2 by the amount of the insufficient dimensions in order to secure it.

At this time, instead of uniformly increasing the total height of the switch gear, it is possible to make the housing partially raised by the amount equivalent to the terminal processing dimension of the cable lead-out portion, but the housing is shared. Generally, the housing of the switch gear is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped because of its ease of use, ease of manufacture, and labor of separate delivery. Therefore, a dead space is formed from the upper part to the ceiling of the instrument transformer 6 arranged in the upper circuit of the circuit breaker 4.
Further, FIG. 3 shows a ventilation device 1 of the present invention installed on a top plate 21 of a switch gear made of a general bus connecting board. In the case of this switch gear, the required height dimension of the housing 20 is controlled by the arrangement of the internal components and the row board, which are two auxiliary carts 8 containing the circuit breaker 4 for connecting the bus and the transformer for the instrument. Although it is determined by the control line space B for passing the line, the high-voltage electric wire 9 wired from the auxiliary trolley 8 on the upper stage side is determined by the height of the circuit breaker 4, the auxiliary trolley 8, and the control line space B. The upper space excluding the required insulation distance dimension is the dead space.

In the ventilation device 1 of the first embodiment, as described above, the opening edge portion 21a as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is provided on the top plate 21 of the portion corresponding to the dead space in the ceiling portion of the switch gear 2. , A ventilation member 3 for forming a box-shaped recess A is provided toward the inside of the switch gear, but the bottom plate portion 31 forming the bottom surface of the recess A is not provided with a ventilation port, and four surfaces around the recess A are provided. A plurality of ventilation ports 33 are provided in each of the side wall portions 32 constituting the above. Since there is a possibility that dust and the like collected on the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 31 may enter the inside of the housing 20 from the ventilation port 33, the dimension C between the lower end of the lowermost ventilation port 33 and the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 31. (Shown in FIG. 4) is preferably 0 <C.

Further, the size (area) of the ventilation port 33 is not particularly limited. For example, a large number of small holes may be provided in a mesh pattern, or a small number of large holes having a smaller ventilation resistance than the small holes may be provided. If there is a possibility that foreign matter such as small animals such as mice or insects may enter from the ventilation port 33, a wire mesh or the like for preventing foreign matter from entering may be installed in the ventilation port 33. In addition, the number of ventilation ports 33 installed or the total area is a ventilation area that can be suppressed to an internal temperature rise that can keep all the components of the switch gear 2 below the permissible temperature even under the most severe conditions assumed in the design. Is set to be. The configuration of the air intake port on the bottom surface of the housing 20 and the lower part of the side wall portion, and whether or not a ventilation fan is installed are not particularly limited. Further, a plurality of ventilation devices 1 may be installed in one housing 20.

In the first embodiment configured as described above, the air whose temperature has risen in the housing 20 of the switch gear 2 is naturally convected, or when it has a ventilation fan, the ceiling portion in the housing 20 is forced to convection. Is discharged to the outside of the housing 20 from a plurality of ventilation ports 33 provided in the side wall portion 32 of the ventilation device 1 through the recesses A on the top plate 21. While dust floating in the outside air falls and accumulates on the top plate 21 of the switch gear 2, water droplets may fall even indoors, depending on the installation location and environmental conditions such as cleaning work. Therefore, the bottom plate portion 31 is not provided with a ventilation port. Therefore, the bottom plate portion 31 prevents the dust and water droplets from entering the inside of the housing 20, and protects the inside of the housing 20. The upper surface of the bottom plate portion 31 and the ventilation port 33 are regularly maintained.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the ventilation device 1 is above the opening edge portion 21a formed so as to penetrate the top plate 21 of the housing 20, the bottom plate portion 31, and the periphery of the bottom plate portion 31 thereof. It is formed in a box shape having a side wall portion 32 formed so as to extend in the direction, and the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion 32 is connected along the opening edge portion 21a to form a recess A in the top plate 21, and the recess is formed. Since the side wall portion 32 is formed by using the ventilation member 3 provided with the plurality of ventilation ports 33, it is possible to prevent the housing 20 of the switch gear 2 from being raised by the height of the ventilation device. It facilitates transportation and assembly at the time of installation, and can obtain inexpensive closed equipment. Further, since the installation location of the ventilation device 1 is a dead space portion under the top plate 21 of the housing 20 where no internal equipment is attached and which is not restricted by the insulation distance and the dimensions of the outside line terminal, the housing is provided. The internal space of the body 20 is effectively utilized.

Further, as compared with the case where the ventilation device is projected above the top plate 21, the labor and cost of separately sending the ventilation device for shipping and mounting work at the installation site are not required. In addition, the work time can be reduced because the switch gear and the ventilation device can be hung together without removing the switch gear and the ventilation device in the crane work such as in the factory or on-site installation. Furthermore, when forced convection is not required, foreign matter and water droplets in the vertical direction can be compared with switch gears that do not have a ventilation device such as a ventilation tube installed on the ceiling and simply have a ventilation port directly on the ceiling. It is not necessary to attach a filter to the ventilation port or install a simple roof, etc., and there is no need to replace the filter or the cost of the simple roof, and it is inexpensive. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the ventilation device 1 does not have a ventilation port protruding from the upper part as compared with the conventional ventilation device installed on the upper part of the top plate, so that it is difficult for foreign matter to enter in the lateral direction.

Embodiment 2.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the ventilation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the ventilation port 33 of the ventilation device 1 is formed by a louver-shaped cut-up 32a that suppresses the ingress of foreign matter that has been subjected to lance processing, louver processing, or the like. Since other configurations such as the ventilation area as the ventilation device 1 and the point of being arranged in the dead space of the ceiling portion are the same as those of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
In the second embodiment configured as described above, in addition to the same effect as that of the first embodiment, the lance-processed and louver-processed portions of the ventilation port 33 have a structure in which water droplets and foreign substances are less likely to enter. Since it becomes an obstacle to the foreign matter intrusion route, it is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing the occurrence of an obstacle in the internal constituent equipment of the switch gear and improving the reliability.

Embodiment 3.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the ventilation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a top view showing the ventilation device shown in FIG. In the figure, the area of the bottom plate portion 31 of the ventilation member 3 is formed to be larger than the opening area formed by the opening edge portion 21a of the top plate 21, and the side wall portions 32 on the four peripheral surfaces are all recessed upward. It has an isosceles trapezoidal shape that is inclined inward of A, and a ventilation port 33 is provided in the inclined side wall portion 32. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

In the third embodiment configured as described above, even when the opening area of the opening edge portion 21a of the top plate 21 and the depth of the recess A are the same as those of the first embodiment, the bottom plate portion 31 of the ventilation member 3 By making the area larger than the opening area of the opening edge portion 21a and forming the forming surface of the side wall portion 32 into an isosceles trapezoidal shape, the area of the side wall portion 32 is increased as shown in FIG. Many ventilation ports 33 can be provided. Therefore, the ventilation performance can be improved. Further, for example, even when the dimension of the dead space of the switch gear in the height direction is small, the height of the ventilation device 1 can be lowered, so that there is an effect that a necessary ventilation area can be secured. Further, as compared with the first embodiment, when the opening area of the opening edge portion 21a of the top plate 21 is the same, the route of foreign matter mixing becomes longer, so that the structure can be made so that dust and water droplets in the room are less likely to enter. The effect is also obtained.

Embodiment 4.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the bottom plate portion 31 of the ventilation member 3 is formed in an inclined structure so as to be recessed toward the central portion, and a recess 31a is provided in the central portion. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
In the fourth embodiment configured as described above, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, foreign matter accumulates in the recess 31a provided in the central portion of the bottom plate portion 31 to prevent the foreign matter from entering the ventilation port 33. The effect that it can be suppressed can be obtained.

Embodiment 5.
9A and 9B are views showing a main part of the ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 9A is a perspective view and FIG. 9B is a top view. In the figure, the quadrangular box-shaped recess A formed in the top plate 21 is partitioned in the circumferential direction by two partition plates 34 provided so as to connect the diagonal lines thereof. In this example, the recess A is divided into four compartments. It is divided into A1, A2, A3 and A4. The number of compartments and the shape of the partition plate 34 when the recess A is divided are not particularly limited. Further, for example, when the shape of the opening edge 21a is a triangle or a polygon of pentagon or more, it is appropriately selected from a line connecting each vertex and a center point, and when it is circular, it passes through the center, for example. The circles are evenly divided by lines that divide them into equal angles. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

In the fifth embodiment configured as described above, in addition to the action and effect of the first embodiment, for example, when a force acting in the direction of the compartment A2 acts on a foreign substance (not shown) existing in the compartment A1. Since the path is blocked by the partition plate 34, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter from entering the ventilation port 33 of the compartment A2.

In the present invention, a part or all of each embodiment can be freely combined, and each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted within the scope of the invention. The shape of the opening edge portion 21a of the top plate 21 may be a square, a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or a polygonal shape.

1 Ventilator, 2 Switch gear, 3 Ventilation member, 4 Circuit breaker, 5 External cable,
6 Instrument transformer, 7 Instrument transformer, 8 Auxiliary trolley, 9 High-voltage power line, 20 housing,
21 top plate, 21a opening edge, 31 bottom plate, 31a recess, 32 side wall,
32a cut up, 33 vents, 34 dividers, A recesses,
A1, A2, A3, A4 compartment, B control line space, C dimension.

Claims (7)

It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. wherein is connected to the upper end periphery of the side wall portion along the opening edge portion forming a recess in the top plate includes a ventilation member respectively provided with vent holes of several in the side wall of the recess, and
The ventilation member is a ventilation device for a closed type device, which is formed in a space from an upper portion to the top plate with an insulation distance separated from an internal component device arranged inside the housing. It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. A ventilation member is provided, wherein the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion is connected along the opening edge portion to form a recess in the top plate, and a plurality of ventilation ports are provided in the side wall portion of the recess.
The vent ventilation system closed chain EQUIPMENT you characterized in that it is formed by a raised louvered cut inhibit the ingress of foreign matter. It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. A ventilation member is provided, wherein the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion is connected along the opening edge portion to form a recess in the top plate, and a plurality of ventilation ports are provided in the side wall portion of the recess.
Wherein the area of the bottom plate portion, the ventilator closed chain EQUIPMENT you characterized by being larger than the opening area formed by the opening edge. It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. A ventilation member is provided, wherein the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion is connected along the opening edge portion to form a recess in the top plate, and a plurality of ventilation ports are provided in the side wall portion of the recess.
The central portion of the bottom plate portion, the ventilator closed chain EQUIPMENT you characterized by comprising Mase concave rather lower than the surrounding portion of the bottom plate portion. It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. A ventilation member is provided, wherein the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion is connected along the opening edge portion to form a recess in the top plate, and a plurality of ventilation ports are provided in the side wall portion of the recess.
Said recess said formed by the ventilation member and the opening edge portion of the top plate, ventilator closed chain EQUIPMENT you characterized in that it is divided into a plurality of compartments in the circumferential direction by a partition plate. It is formed by having an opening edge portion formed so as to penetrate the top plate of the housing forming the outer shell of the closed type device, and a side wall portion extending upward around the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate portion. A ventilation member is provided, wherein the periphery of the upper end portion of the side wall portion is connected along the opening edge portion to form a recess in the top plate, and a plurality of ventilation ports are provided in the side wall portion of the recess.
Wherein the shape of the opening edge portion of the top plate is square or rectangular or circular or be formed in a polygonal ventilator closed chain EQUIPMENT you characterized. The invention according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the ventilation member is arranged in a dead space under the top plate which is not restricted by the insulation distance dimension from the internal device or the external line terminal dimension. Ventilation system for closed equipment.

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