JP6833221B1 - Derivation method for harmful elements in soil - Google Patents
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- JP6833221B1 JP6833221B1 JP2019178143A JP2019178143A JP6833221B1 JP 6833221 B1 JP6833221 B1 JP 6833221B1 JP 2019178143 A JP2019178143 A JP 2019178143A JP 2019178143 A JP2019178143 A JP 2019178143A JP 6833221 B1 JP6833221 B1 JP 6833221B1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012850 discrimination method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 102100039140 Acyloxyacyl hydrolase Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 101000889541 Homo sapiens Acyloxyacyl hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron (III) ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052626 biotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron (II) ion Substances [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】本発明は、土壌中の重金属などの有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来を含むかを判別する、土壌中有害元素由来判別法に関する。また、その由来判定に基づき、有害元素を含む土壌が自然由来汚染土か、人為由来汚染土かを区別する方法を提供する。【解決手段】上記課題を解決するため、土壌に含まれる有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来か判別する、土壌中有害元素由来判別法であって、同一の前記土壌における、酸化相中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比／還元相中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標として利用することを特徴とする土壌中有害元素由来判別法の構成とした。【選択図】図１PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To determine whether a harmful element such as a heavy metal in soil is naturally derived or anthropogenic, and relates to a method for determining harmful element origin in soil. Further, a method for distinguishing whether the soil containing a harmful element is a naturally-derived contaminated soil or an artificially-derived contaminated soil based on the origin determination is provided. SOLUTION: In order to solve the above problems, a method for determining whether a harmful element contained in a soil is naturally derived or anthropogenic is a method for determining the origin of a harmful element in soil, and the first in the oxidation phase in the same soil. It is characterized in that the EF value obtained by the concentration ratio of one element and the second element / the concentration ratio of the first element and the second element in the reducing phase is used as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil. The method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil was used. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1
Description
本発明は、土壌中の重金属などの有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来を含むかを判別する、土壌中有害元素由来判別法に関する。また、その由来判定に基づき、有害元素を含む土壌が自然由来汚染土か、人為由来汚染土かを区別する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which determines whether harmful elements such as heavy metals in soil are naturally or artificially derived. Further, the present invention relates to a method for distinguishing between naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil based on the determination of its origin.
自然地層には、重金属などの有害元素が多かれ少なかれ必ず含まれる。トンネル掘削や、地下開発の大規模工事等に伴って、自然由来の有害元素を含有した土壌（自然由来汚染土）が大量に発生する。 Natural formations always contain more or less harmful elements such as heavy metals. A large amount of soil containing harmful elements of natural origin (contaminated soil of natural origin) is generated due to tunnel excavation and large-scale construction of underground development.
自然由来汚染土の大量発生問題に対応することを目的として、日本国においては、平成２９年５月に土壌汚染対策法（土対法）が改正され、自然由来汚染土の有効活用を推進することが制度化された（平成３１年４月１日施行）。それによって、自然由来汚染土と、人為由来の有害元素を含有した土壌（人為由来汚染土）を区別して取り扱うことが今まで以上に重要になってくる。 In Japan, the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law (Soil Contamination Law) was revised in May 2017 with the aim of responding to the problem of mass outbreak of naturally-derived contaminated soil, and promotes the effective use of naturally-derived contaminated soil. Was institutionalized (enforced on April 1, 2019). As a result, it is more important than ever to distinguish between naturally-derived contaminated soil and soil containing anthropogenic harmful elements (artificially-derived contaminated soil).
土壌中の有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来かの判別があいまいなため、自然由来汚染土も人為由来汚染土と同様に、汚染土壌浄化施設での処理や管理型処分場への搬出という過剰な処理が行われている。また、人為由来汚染土を自然由来汚染土と誤って判定し利用されてしまう危険性もある。このように誤った土壌の区別がなされることによって、汚染土壌によるリスクの適切な回避や、適切な自然由来汚染土の利用や処理が行われない可能性が残されることは大きな問題である。 Since it is unclear whether the harmful elements in the soil are of natural origin or artificial origin, the excess of naturally-derived contaminated soil is treated at the contaminated soil purification facility and carried out to the controlled disposal site in the same way as the artificially-derived contaminated soil. Processing is being carried out. In addition, there is a risk that artificially-derived contaminated soil will be mistakenly judged as naturally-derived contaminated soil and used. It is a big problem that such incorrect soil distinction leaves the possibility that the risk of contaminated soil is not properly avoided and that the proper use and treatment of naturally occurring contaminated soil is not performed.
他方、非特許文献１に示すように「土壌中重金属の自然または人為由来の判別に関する基礎的検討」が成されている。しかしながら、非特許文献１の報告では、各元素の（１Ｎ ＨＣｌ抽出による量）／（加熱・加圧 濃硝酸分解による量）の値をプロットし、折れ線グラフの形を得て、その形から逸脱した元素が人為由来ではないかと疑われる程度の示唆であり、どのくらい逸脱すると人為由来なのかは曖昧である。 On the other hand, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, "basic study on discrimination of natural or artificial origin of heavy metals in soil" has been made. However, in the report of Non-Patent Document 1, the value of (amount by 1N HCl extraction) / (amount by heating / pressurized concentrated nitric acid decomposition) of each element is plotted to obtain the shape of a line graph and deviate from that shape. It is a suggestion to the extent that it is suspected that the element is artificially derived, and it is ambiguous how much it deviates from artificial origin.
実際、非特許文献１の最終頁「まとめ」の欄には、「・Ｎｉ，Ｃｕ，ＺｎおよびＡｓでは判別能力の多少の向上が見込まれたが，ＣｄとＰｂについては，濃硝酸・加圧加熱分解法を用いても判別のための能力向上は期待できなかった． 今後，さらに検討を進め，ＣｄとＰｂについて，より確度の高い判別方法を開発したい．」との記載があり、確立していないことが明示されている。他も研究も含め、いままでのところ、土壌中の有害元素の由来判別のための定まった方法は知られていない。 In fact, in the column of "Summary" on the last page of Non-Patent Document 1, "・ Ni, Cu, Zn and As are expected to improve the discrimination ability to some extent, but for Cd and Pb, concentrated nitric acid and pressurization are expected. Even if the thermal decomposition method was used, it was not possible to expect an improvement in the ability for discrimination. In the future, we would like to further study and develop a more accurate discrimination method for Cd and Pb. ” It is clearly stated that it is not. So far, including other studies, no fixed method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil is known.
自然由来汚染土と人為由来汚染土を区別できれば、自然由来の重金属などの有害元素が含まれる工事残土の有効活用が可能となり、自然由来汚染土の処理施設への搬入、処理によるコストを大幅に削減することができるようになる。 If it is possible to distinguish between naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil, it will be possible to effectively utilize construction surplus soil that contains harmful elements such as naturally-derived heavy metals, and the cost of bringing in and treating naturally-derived contaminated soil to treatment facilities will increase significantly. It will be possible to reduce it.
本発明は、土壌中の重金属などの有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来を含むかを判別する、土壌中有害元素由来判別法に関する。また、その由来判定に基づき、有害元素を含む土壌が自然由来汚染土か、人為由来汚染土かを区別する方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention relates to a method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which determines whether harmful elements such as heavy metals in soil are naturally or artificially derived. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for distinguishing whether the soil containing harmful elements is naturally-derived contaminated soil or artificially-derived contaminated soil based on the origin determination.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、
（１）
土壌に含まれる有害元素が、自然由来か人為由来か判別する、土壌中有害元素由来判別法であって、
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標として利用することを特徴とする土壌中有害元素由来判別法。
（２）
前記第一元素が有害元素で、前記第二元素が基準元素であることを特徴とする（１）に記載の土壌中有害元素由来判別法。
（３）
前記土壌が、工事残土であることを特徴とする（１）又は（２）に記載の土壌中有害元素由来判別法。
（４）
前記土壌が、農業用土であることを特徴とする（１）又は（２）に記載の土壌中有害元素由来判別法。
（５）
土壌に含まれる有害元素が、自然由来か判定する自然由来有害元素判別法であって、
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標とし、
前記第一元素及び前記第二元素によって定まる値以下を自然由来有害元素と判定することを特徴とする自然由来有害元素判別法。
（６）
（５）に記載の自然由来有害元素判別法によって、自然由来有害元素を含むと判定された土壌は、自然由来汚染土とすることを特徴とする自然由来汚染土の区別方法。
（７）
土壌に含まれる有害元素が、人為由来か判定する人為由来有害元素判別法であって、
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標とし、
前記第一元素及び前記第二元素によって定まる値以上を人為由来有害元素と判定することを特徴とする人為由来有害元素判別法。
（８）
（７）に記載の人為由来有害元素判別法によって、人為由来有害元素を含むと判定された土壌は、人為由来汚染土とすることを特徴とする人為由来汚染土の区別方法。
の構成とした。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
( 1 )
It is a method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which determines whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are of natural or artificial origin.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined .
A method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which comprises using the EF value determined by A'/ B'as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
( 2 )
The method for determining the origin of a harmful element in soil according to (1 ), wherein the first element is a harmful element and the second element is a reference element.
( 3 )
The method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil according to (1) or (2) , wherein the soil is construction surplus soil.
( 4 )
The method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil according to (1) or (2) , wherein the soil is agricultural soil.
( 5 )
This is a method for determining whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are of natural origin.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined.
The EF value obtained by A'/ B'is used as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
A method for discriminating naturally-derived harmful elements, which comprises determining a value equal to or less than the value determined by the first element and the second element as a naturally-derived harmful element.
( 6 )
A method for distinguishing naturally-derived contaminated soil, wherein the soil determined to contain naturally-derived harmful elements by the naturally-derived harmful element discrimination method described in (5) is regarded as naturally-derived contaminated soil.
( 7 )
It is an artificially-derived harmful element discrimination method that determines whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are artificially-derived.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined.
The EF value obtained by A'/ B'is used as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
A method for discriminating anthropogenic harmful elements, which comprises determining a value equal to or greater than the value determined by the first element and the second element as an anthropogenic harmful element.
( 8 )
A method for distinguishing anthropogenic contaminated soil, characterized in that the soil determined to contain anthropogenic harmful elements by the anthropogenic harmful element discrimination method described in (7) is anthropogenic contaminated soil.
It was configured as.
本発明は、上記構成であるので、土壌中の重金属などの有害元素の由来を判別することができる。従って、有害元素を含有した土壌が、自然由来汚染土か人為由来汚染土かも区別することができる。そして、閾値を境に、明瞭に両汚染土を誤判定することなく区別することができる。よって、本発明は、自然由来汚染土の有効活用に直接利用できる。 Since the present invention has the above structure, the origin of harmful elements such as heavy metals in soil can be determined. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish whether the soil containing harmful elements is naturally-derived contaminated soil or artificially-derived contaminated soil. Then, with the threshold value as a boundary, both contaminated soils can be clearly distinguished without being erroneously determined. Therefore, the present invention can be directly used for effective utilization of naturally-derived contaminated soil.
さらに本発明は、その原理が同じであることから、農用地土壌汚染防止法における特定有害元素（カドミウム、銅およびヒ素）の汚染由来の特定（自然由来か、人為由来か）にもそのまま利用できる。 Furthermore, since the principle is the same, the present invention can be used as it is for specifying the pollution origin (natural origin or artificial origin) of specific harmful elements (cadmium, copper and arsenic) in the Agricultural Land Soil Contamination Prevention Law.
図１（１）の１）に示すように、有害元素●（Ｘ）は、人為由来でなくとも、土壌表面付近の酸化相（風化相）及び土壌深層部の還元相（未風化相）、いずれにも一定量、同程度存在する。他方、図１（１）の２）に示すように、人為由来汚染土においては、有害元素●（Ｘ）の汚染は、酸化相に留まり、還元相における有害元素の存在量は、自然由来汚染土と同程度である。 As shown in 1) of FIG. 1 (1), the harmful element ● (X) is an oxidized phase (weathered phase) near the soil surface and a reduced phase (unweathered phase) in the deep part of the soil, even if they are not artificially derived. There is a certain amount and the same amount in each case. On the other hand, as shown in 2) of FIG. 1 (1), in the artificially-derived contaminated soil, the contamination of the harmful element ● (X) remains in the oxidizing phase, and the abundance of the harmful element in the reducing phase is naturally-derived contamination. It is about the same as soil.
人為由来汚染土の還元相において自然由来汚染土と同程度に有害元素が存在すること、汚染があっても、有害元素は土壌表面への吸着、酸化相までの侵入に留まること、このような有害元素の挙動が、本発明において、有害元素の由来の判定を可能にする根幹である。 Hazardous elements are present in the reducing phase of artificially-derived contaminated soil to the same extent as naturally-derived contaminated soil, and even if there is contamination, the harmful elements stay on the soil surface and invade to the oxidation phase. The behavior of harmful elements is the basis of the present invention to enable determination of the origin of harmful elements.
基準元素〇は、有害元素に関係なく、自然由来汚染土、人為由来汚染土に共通して、同程度存在する。基準元素の選定基準は、「土壌の風化・変質によっても溶解度の変化が起こりにくい元素」、簡単にいうと「酸化しても溶出しない元素」である。
「酸化しても溶出しない元素」でない元素（Ａ）を基準元素とした場合、風化（酸化）すると土壌から溶出するので、酸化相中に残存する元素（Ａ）は少なくなる。土壌中の酸化相中の基準元素（Ａ）が少なくなったものを還元抽出すると、EF値が相対的に高くなる。そうすると、その土壌は人為由来と誤判別されてしまう。
The reference element 〇 is present to the same extent in both naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil, regardless of harmful elements. The criteria for selecting reference elements are "elements whose solubility is unlikely to change due to weathering or alteration of soil", or simply "elements that do not elute even when oxidized".
When an element (A) that is not an "element that does not elute even if oxidized" is used as a reference element, it is eluted from the soil when it is weathered (oxidized), so that the element (A) remaining in the oxidation phase is reduced. When the reference element (A) in the oxidation phase in the soil is reduced and extracted, the EF value becomes relatively high. Then, the soil will be misidentified as being artificially derived.
図１（２）に示すように、本発明では、同一試料における、酸化相と、還元相から有害元素、基準元素を含む元素を抽出する、「同一試料を対象とした反復還元抽出方法」で、風化相における有害元素を還元相と比較することを特徴としている。そのため、異なる土壌からの抽出、比較を採用した場合におけるサンプル間誤差を考慮する必要がなく、高精度で有害元素の由来を判定することができる。 As shown in FIG. 1 (2), in the present invention, in the "repeated reduction extraction method for the same sample", which extracts elements including harmful elements and reference elements from the oxidation phase and the reduction phase in the same sample. , It is characterized by comparing harmful elements in the weathered phase with the reducing phase. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the error between samples when extraction and comparison from different soils are adopted, and the origin of harmful elements can be determined with high accuracy.
図１（３）に示すように、有害元素由来判定には、酸化相と還元相から抽出した有害元素の濃度を比較する。具体的には、本件出願で新たに提案するＥＦ（Ｅｎｒｉｃｈｍｅｎｔ Ｆａｃｔｏｒ）値を用いる。 As shown in FIG. 1 (3), the concentrations of harmful elements extracted from the oxidizing phase and the reducing phase are compared in order to determine the origin of harmful elements. Specifically, the EF (Enrichment Factor) value newly proposed in this application is used.
ＥＦ値は、図１の（３）の式１の通り、土壌の還元相中の有害元素の濃度に対する、土壌の酸化相中の有害元素の濃度の比率である。
ＥＦ＝土壌の酸化相中の有害元素の濃度／土壌の還元相中の有害元素の濃度・・・・式１
濃度は、重量比、モル比、いずれを採用しても、同じ結果となる。
The EF value is the ratio of the concentration of harmful elements in the oxidizing phase of soil to the concentration of harmful elements in the reducing phase of soil, as shown in Equation 1 of FIG. 1 (3).
EF = Concentration of harmful elements in the oxidation phase of soil / Concentration of harmful elements in the reduction phase of soil ... Equation 1
The same result can be obtained regardless of whether the concentration is a weight ratio or a molar ratio.
具体的には、例えば、実測で求めることができない式１の変形である以下の式２で測定することができる。
ＥＦ＝（土壌の酸化相中の有害元素の濃度／土壌の酸化相中の基準元素の濃度）
／（土壌の還元相中の有害元素の濃度／土壌の還元相中の基準元素の濃度）・・式２
（ただし土壌中の基準元素の濃度は、酸化相中でも還元相中でも一様であることが条件）
Specifically, for example, it can be measured by the following formula 2 which is a modification of the formula 1 which cannot be obtained by actual measurement.
EF = (concentration of harmful elements in soil oxidation phase / concentration of reference element in soil oxidation phase)
/ (Concentration of harmful elements in the reducing phase of soil / Concentration of reference element in the reducing phase of soil) ... Equation 2
(However, the concentration of the reference element in the soil must be uniform in both the oxidizing phase and the reducing phase)
より、具体的には、
ＥＦ
＝｛土壌中の酸化相中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比（第一元素濃度／第二元素濃度）｝
／｛土壌中の還元相中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比（第一元素濃度／第二元素濃度）｝
・・・式３
によって、求めることができる。なお、土壌中における濃度の単位は、元素ｍｇ／全土壌ｋｇである。
More specifically
EF
= {Concentration ratio of first element and second element in the oxidation phase in soil (first element concentration / second element concentration)}
/ {Concentration ratio of first element and second element in the reducing phase in soil (first element concentration / second element concentration)}
... Equation 3
Can be obtained by. The unit of concentration in soil is element mg / total soil kg.
実際の測定では、式４によって求めることができる。
ＥＦ＝｛土壌の酸化相から抽出された濾液中の有害元素の濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）
／土壌の酸化相から抽出された濾液中の基準元素の濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）｝
／｛土壌の還元相から抽出された濾液中の有害元素の濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）
／土壌の酸化相から抽出された濾液中の基準元素の濃度（ｍｇ／Ｌ）｝
・・・式４
（ただし土壌中の基準元素の濃度は、酸化相中でも還元相中でも一様であることが条件）
In the actual measurement, it can be obtained by Equation 4.
EF = {Concentration of harmful elements in filtrate extracted from soil oxidation phase (mg / L)
/ Concentration of reference element in filtrate extracted from soil oxidation phase (mg / L)}
/ {Concentration of harmful elements in the filtrate extracted from the reducing phase of soil (mg / L)
/ Concentration of reference element in filtrate extracted from soil oxidation phase (mg / L)}
... Equation 4
(However, the concentration of the reference element in the soil must be uniform in both the oxidizing phase and the reducing phase)
そして、式２において、
（土壌の酸化相中の有害元素の濃度／土壌の酸化相中の基準元素の濃度）＝Ａ
（土壌の還元相中の有害元素の濃度／土壌の還元相中の基準元素の濃度）＝Ｂ
とすると、
すなわち、ＥＦ値を求めるいずれの式でも、Ａは分子で、Ｂは分母であり、
ＥＦ＝Ａ／Ｂとなり、
Ａ≒Ｂ すなわち ＥＦ≒１であれば、抽出された有害元素は自然由来のみで、それを含む土壌は、自然由来汚染土と判定できる。
他方、式１において、 Ａ＞＞Ｂ すなわち ＥＦ＞＞１であれば（１よりだいぶ大きければ）、抽出された有害元素は人為由来を含むもので、それを含む土壌は、人為由来汚染土と判定できる。
Then, in Equation 2,
(Concentration of harmful elements in soil oxidation phase / concentration of reference element in soil oxidation phase) = A
(Concentration of harmful elements in the reducing phase of soil / Concentration of reference element in the reducing phase of soil) = B
Then
That is, in any of the formulas for obtaining the EF value, A is the numerator and B is the denominator.
EF = A / B,
If A≈B, that is, EF≈1, the extracted harmful elements are only naturally derived, and the soil containing them can be determined to be naturally contaminated soil.
On the other hand, in Equation 1, if A >> B, that is, EF >> 1 (much larger than 1), the extracted harmful element contains anthropogenic soil, and the soil containing it is anthropogenic contaminated soil. Can be judged.
図２に示すように、土壌中の有害元素の由来判別は、本発明で提唱する「反復還元抽出法」によって実現する。ここでは、沖積層や海成堆積物、特に沿岸部の堆積層、酸化の進行していない陸成堆積物由来の土壌粒子を対象としている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the origin determination of harmful elements in soil is realized by the "repeated reduction extraction method" proposed in the present invention. Here, we are targeting alluvial and marine sediments, especially coastal sediments and soil particles derived from unoxidized terrestrial sediments.
図２（１）に示すように、自然由来の有害元素のみを含む土壌団粒においては、いずれの箇所（風化相、未風化相）でも、有害元素●及び基準元素〇の存在比率はそれぞれ一定である。
その土壌を還元し元素を抽出する。そうすると酸化土壌粒子（風化相）から有害元素●、基準元素〇、Ｆｅ２＋などが抽出される。
なお、この還元抽出における反応過程では、不溶性の鉄（ＩＩＩ）イオンを可溶性の鉄（ＩＩ）イオンに還元させるＡＯＡＨ溶媒を用いている。これにより酸化鉄および水酸化鉄が溶解し、それらに吸着あるいは結合している元素が同時に遊離する。
つづいて、当該試料土壌を酸化した後、再度還元して元素を抽出する。そうすると当初の還元性鉱物からの有害元素●と、基準元素〇が抽出される。
それぞれの還元化で抽出された有害元素●の存在量（Ｘ）と、基準元素〇の存在量（Ｍ）の比率（ＥＦ値）を比較すると、採取した状態での酸化相中の有害元素●と基準元素〇の存在比率（Ｘ／Ｍ）ｏｘと、採取した状態での還元相中の有害元素●と基準元素〇の存在比率（Ｘ／Ｍ）ｒｅｄを比較すると、同程度（≒１）のＥＦ値である。
このような場合には、抽出された有害元素は自然由来のもののみで、それを含む土壌は自然由来汚染土と判定できる。
As shown in Fig. 2 (1), in soil aggregates containing only naturally occurring harmful elements, the abundance ratios of harmful elements ● and reference element 〇 are constant at any location (weathered phase, unweathered phase). Is.
The soil is reduced to extract the elements. Then, harmful elements ●, reference elements 〇, Fe 2+, etc. are extracted from the oxidized soil particles (weathered phase).
In the reaction process in this reduction extraction, an AOAH solvent that reduces insoluble iron (III) ions to soluble iron (II) ions is used. As a result, iron oxide and iron hydroxide are dissolved, and the elements adsorbed or bonded to them are simultaneously released.
Subsequently, after the sample soil is oxidized, it is reduced again to extract the element. Then, the harmful element ● and the reference element 〇 from the original reducing mineral are extracted.
Comparing the ratio (EF value) of the abundance (X) of the harmful element ● extracted by each reduction and the abundance (M) of the reference element 〇, the harmful element ● in the oxidation phase in the collected state Comparing the abundance ratio (X / M) ox of the reference element 〇 with the harmful element ● in the reduction phase in the collected state and the abundance ratio (X / M) red of the reference element 〇, they are about the same (≈1). EF value of.
In such a case, the extracted harmful elements are only naturally derived, and the soil containing them can be determined to be naturally contaminated soil.
他方、図２（２）に示すように、人為由来の有害元素を含む土壌団粒においては、有害元素●は土壌団粒表面／界面（酸化相）に局在する。他方、基準元素〇は、風化相、未風化相において、一定である。
その土壌を還元し元素を抽出する。そうすると酸化土壌粒子（風化相）から有害元素●、基準元素〇、Ｆｅ２＋などが抽出される。
つづいて、当該試料土壌を酸化し後、再度還元して元素を抽出する。そうすると当初の還元性鉱物からの有害元素●と、基準元素〇が抽出される。
それぞれの還元化で抽出された有害元素●の濃度（Ｘ）と、基準元素〇の濃度（Ｍ）の比率（ＥＦ値）を比較すると、採取した状態での酸化相中の有害元素●と基準元素〇の濃度比率（Ｘ／Ｍ）ｏｘと、採取した状態での還元相中の有害元素●と基準元素〇の濃度比率（Ｘ／Ｍ）ｒｅｄを比較すると、酸化相のＥＦ値が、還元相のＥＦ値より、極めて大きな値となる。
このような場合には、抽出された有害元素は人為由来のものを含み、それを含む土壌は人為由来汚染土と判定できる。
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (2), in the soil aggregate containing an artificially derived harmful element, the harmful element ● is localized on the surface / interface (oxidation phase) of the soil aggregate. On the other hand, the reference element 〇 is constant in the weathered phase and the unweathered phase.
The soil is reduced to extract the elements. Then, harmful elements ●, reference elements 〇, Fe 2+, etc. are extracted from the oxidized soil particles (weathered phase).
Subsequently, the sample soil is oxidized and then reduced again to extract the element. Then, the harmful element ● and the reference element 〇 from the original reducing mineral are extracted.
Comparing the ratio (EF value) of the concentration (X) of the harmful element ● extracted by each reduction and the concentration (M) of the reference element 〇, the harmful element ● in the oxidation phase in the collected state and the reference Comparing the concentration ratio (X / M) ox of element 〇 with the concentration ratio (X / M) redo of harmful element ● and reference element 〇 in the reduction phase in the collected state, the EF value of the oxidation phase is reduced. The value is extremely larger than the EF value of the phase.
In such a case, the extracted harmful element contains anthropogenic soil, and the soil containing the extracted harmful element can be determined to be anthropogenic contaminated soil.
図３は、本発明である土壌中有害元素由来判別法の元素抽出方法のフロー、試薬の詳細説明図である。 FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the flow and the reagent of the element extraction method of the method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil according to the present invention.
土壌から各種元素を還元抽出する試薬としてはＡＯＡＨ（シュウ酸緩衝液）が、土壌の還元相を酸化する試薬としてはＨ２Ｏ２が例示できる。 AOAH (oxalate buffer) can be exemplified as a reagent for reducing and extracting various elements from soil, and H 2 O 2 can be exemplified as a reagent for oxidizing the reducing phase of soil.
ＡＯＡＨ（シュウ酸緩衝液）５００ｍｌは、図２に示すように、
シュウ酸アンモニウム １４．２１ｇ
シュウ酸 ９．０ ｇ
アスコルビン酸 ８．８１ｇ
１Ｍ 塩酸 ５ ｍＬ
蒸留水 ４９５ ｍＬ
のように調整できる。
500 ml of AOAH (oxalic acid buffer) was added as shown in FIG.
Ammonium oxalate 14.21 g
Oxalic acid 9.0 g
Ascorbic acid 8.81g
1M hydrochloric acid 5 mL
Distilled water 495 mL
It can be adjusted like this.
ＡＯＡＨ還元抽出（１回目）は、１００ｍＬ容のバイアル瓶に、土壌（ここでは粒径２５０μｍ以下）０．８ｇあるいは２．０ｇを入れ、ＡＯＡＨ４０ｍＬを加え、１１５℃、１時間加熱する。冷却後、懸濁液を５０ｍＬ遠沈管に移し、３０００ｒｐｍ、１０分管遠心分離処理を施し、濾過する。そして、濾液をＩＣＰ（誘導結合プラズマ）発光分光分析装置で多元素同時濃度測定する。その結果に基づき、試料土壌の酸化相中の有害元素、基準元素の濃度比率を求め、ＥＦ値を算出する。土壌粒径は、２ｍｍ以下でも正確に判定できた。土壌重量は、いずれであっても差はない。また、もちろん、他の重量を採用してもよい。 For AOAH reduction extraction (first time), 0.8 g or 2.0 g of soil (here, particle size 250 μm or less) is placed in a 100 mL vial, 40 mL of AOAH is added, and the mixture is heated at 115 ° C. for 1 hour. After cooling, the suspension is transferred to a 50 mL centrifuge tube, subjected to 3000 rpm, 10-minute tube centrifugation, and filtered. Then, the filtrate is measured for simultaneous multi-element concentration with an ICP (inductively coupled plasma) emission spectrophotometer. Based on the result, the concentration ratio of harmful elements and reference elements in the oxidation phase of the sample soil is obtained, and the EF value is calculated. The soil particle size could be accurately determined even if it was 2 mm or less. There is no difference in soil weight. Moreover, of course, other weights may be adopted.
次に、濾過残渣土壌を酸化させる。全体を酸化することで、当初の還元相から元素が抽出できる。具体的には、１回目のＡＯＡＨ還元抽出残渣土壌を水ですすいだ後、その残渣に、２ｍＬの１０％（ｖ／ｖ）Ｈ２Ｏ２を加え、４０℃で乾燥させる。 Next, the filtered residue soil is oxidized. Elements can be extracted from the initial reducing phase by oxidizing the whole. Specifically, after rinsing the soil of the first AOAH reduction extraction residue with water, 2 mL of 10% (v / v) H 2 O 2 is added to the residue and dried at 40 ° C.
その後、濾過残渣土壌の酸化物に対して、ＡＯＡＨ還元抽出（２回目）を行う。そのスケール、工程は、第１回目と同じである。その後、同様に、ＩＣＰ（誘導結合プラズマ）発光分光分析装置で多元素同時濃度測定する。その結果に基づき、試料土壌の還元相中の有害元素、基準元素の濃度比率（モル比）を求め、ＥＦ値を算出する。 Then, AOAH reduction extraction (second time) is performed on the oxide of the filtered residue soil. The scale and process are the same as the first time. Then, similarly, the simultaneous concentration of multiple elements is measured by an ICP (inductively coupled plasma) emission spectroscopic analyzer. Based on the result, the concentration ratio (molar ratio) of harmful elements and reference elements in the reducing phase of the sample soil is obtained, and the EF value is calculated.
次に、実施例に基づいて本発明を具体的に説明する。なお、本発明は下記実施例に限定されるものではない。 Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on Examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.
図４は、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：鉛（Ｐｂ）としたときの分析結果である。土壌試料（●に対応する横軸に配置された記号（採取地は重要でないので説明を省略する））は、あらかじめ、破線より下の試料が人為汚染由来土で、破線より上の試料が自然由来汚染土であることが知られていた。異なる組成（海成、パイライト、陸成を含む）の土壌試料で試験している。分析手法は、図３の通りである。土壌試料、分析方法は、以下の実施例についても同じである。 FIG. 4 shows the analysis results when the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: lead (Pb). For soil samples (symbols placed on the horizontal axis corresponding to ● (the collection site is not important, explanation is omitted)), the samples below the broken line are soils derived from human contamination, and the samples above the broken line are natural. It was known to be contaminated soil. Tested on soil samples of different compositions (including marine, pyrite and terrestrial). The analysis method is as shown in FIG. The soil sample and analysis method are the same for the following examples.
分析の結果、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：鉛（Ｐｂ）の場合の、判定指標であるＥＦ値（縦軸）は、「３」とすることができる。ＥＦ値＝３を境に、自然由来汚染土と、人為由来汚染土を誤判定なく区別できる。 As a result of the analysis, in the case of the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: lead (Pb), the EF value (vertical axis) which is a determination index can be set to "3". With an EF value of 3 as a boundary, naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil can be distinguished without misjudgment.
図５は、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：チタン（Ｔｉ）としたときの分析結果である。 FIG. 5 shows the analysis results when the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: titanium (Ti).
分析の結果、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：チタン（Ｔｉ）の場合の、判定指標であるＥＦ値（縦軸）は、「２」とすることができる。ＥＦ値＝２を境に、自然由来汚染土と、人為由来汚染土を誤判定なく区別できる。 As a result of the analysis, in the case of the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: titanium (Ti), the EF value (vertical axis) which is a determination index can be set to "2". With an EF value of 2 as a boundary, naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil can be distinguished without misjudgment.
図６は、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：バリウム（Ｂａ）としたときの分析結果である。 FIG. 6 shows the analysis results when the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: barium (Ba).
分析の結果、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：バリウム（Ｂａ）の場合の、判定指標であるＥＦ値（縦軸）は、「１．８」とすることができる。ＥＦ値＝１．８を境に、自然由来汚染土と、人為由来汚染土を概ね区別することできる。ボーダに位置するものがあることから安全性をとって、例えばＥＦ値１．５より上を人為由来汚染土扱いとすれば、自然由来汚染土の一部だけが人為由来汚染土として扱われるにとどまるため、現状よりはるかに処理コストの低減、自然由来汚染土の有効利用は促進され、意義ある。 As a result of the analysis, in the case of the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: barium (Ba), the EF value (vertical axis) which is a determination index can be set to "1.8". With an EF value of 1.8 as a boundary, naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil can be roughly distinguished. For safety reasons, for example, if the EF value above 1.5 is treated as anthropogenic contaminated soil, only a part of the naturally derived contaminated soil will be treated as anthropogenic contaminated soil. Since it stays, the treatment cost is much lower than the current situation, and the effective use of naturally-derived contaminated soil is promoted, which is significant.
図７は、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：ストロンチウム（Ｓｒ）としたときの分析結果である。 FIG. 7 shows the analysis results when the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: strontium (Sr).
分析の結果、第一元素：ヒ素（Ａｓ）、第二元素：ストロンチウム（Ｓｒ）の場合の、判定指標であるＥＦ値（縦軸）は、「４」とすることができる。ＥＦ値＝４を境に、自然由来汚染土と、人為由来汚染土を誤判定なく区別できる。 As a result of the analysis, in the case of the first element: arsenic (As) and the second element: strontium (Sr), the EF value (vertical axis) which is a determination index can be set to "4". With an EF value of 4 as a boundary, naturally-derived contaminated soil and artificially-derived contaminated soil can be distinguished without misjudgment.
図８は、非海成土壌にも適用できるメカニズムの説明図である。（１）は海成土壌（パイライトなどを含有）における自然由来の有機元素のみを含む自然汚染土からの本発明の元素抽出法の概念図である。（２）は非海成土壌（輝石、黒雲母などを含有）における自然由来の有機元素のみを含む自然汚染土からの本発明の元素抽出法の概念図である。（３）は（１）、（２）の図に用いた記号の説明図である。●有害元素（由来判定対象）＜Ｍ＞、〇基準元素＜Ｍ＞などである＜ＥＦ値計算式における表記＞。（４）化学風化の説明図である。 FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanism applicable to non-marine soil. (1) is a conceptual diagram of the element extraction method of the present invention from naturally contaminated soil containing only naturally derived organic elements in marine soil (containing pyrolite and the like). (2) is a conceptual diagram of the element extraction method of the present invention from naturally contaminated soil containing only naturally derived organic elements in non-marine soil (containing bright stones, biotite, etc.). (3) is an explanatory diagram of the symbols used in the figures (1) and (2). ● Hazardous elements (targets for determination of origin) <M>, 〇 Reference elements <M>, etc. <Notation in EF value calculation formula>. (4) It is explanatory drawing of chemical weathering.
図８から非海成自然由来汚染土では、パイライト以外の鉱物に有害元素が含まれていることが考えられる。そのような場合でもパイライトと同様、未風化の段階では有害元素も基準元素も元々還元鉱物に取り込まれていると考えられる。
海成自然由来汚染土が一部風化すると酸化鉱物になるが、元々それは還元鉱物だったので、この酸化鉱物中の有害元素（Ｘ）および基準元素（Ｍ）の比は、未風化の還元鉱物中のそれらの比と理論上同じであると考えられる。
したがって、非海成自然汚染土のようにパイライトが土壌中に存在しなくても、海成自然由来汚染土と同様に酸化相でも還元相でも両者の比（Ｘ／Ｍ）は一定であることがわかる。
From FIG. 8, it is considered that the non-marine naturally-derived contaminated soil contains harmful elements in minerals other than pyrite. Even in such a case, as with pyrite, it is considered that both harmful elements and reference elements are originally incorporated into the reduced minerals at the unweathered stage.
When part of the marine naturally-derived contaminated soil is weathered, it becomes an oxidized mineral, but since it was originally a reduced mineral, the ratio of the harmful element (X) and the reference element (M) in this oxidized mineral is the unweathered reduced mineral. It is considered to be theoretically the same as those ratios in.
Therefore, even if pyrolite does not exist in the soil as in non-marine naturally contaminated soil, the ratio (X / M) of both is constant in both the oxidizing phase and the reducing phase, as in the case of marine naturally contaminated soil. I understand.
Claims (8)
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標として利用することを特徴とする土壌中有害元素由来判別法。 It is a method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which determines whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are of natural or artificial origin.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined .
A method for determining the origin of harmful elements in soil, which comprises using the EF value determined by A'/ B'as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標とし、
前記第一元素及び前記第二元素によって定まる値以下を自然由来有害元素と判定することを特徴とする自然由来有害元素判別法。 This is a method for determining whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are of natural origin.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined.
The EF value obtained by A'/ B'is used as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
A method for discriminating naturally-derived harmful elements, which comprises determining a value equal to or less than the value determined by the first element and the second element as a naturally-derived harmful element.
前記土壌を、
還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第一濾液を採取し、
濾過残渣を酸化したうえで、再び還元液に反応させたうえで濾過した第二濾液を採取し、
前記第一濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ａ’を求め、
前記第二濾液中の第一元素と第二元素の濃度比Ｂ’を求め、
Ａ’／Ｂ’で求められるＥＦ値を前記土壌に含まれる有害元素の由来判別の指標とし、
前記第一元素及び前記第二元素によって定まる値以上を人為由来有害元素と判定することを特徴とする人為由来有害元素判別法。 It is an artificially-derived harmful element discrimination method that determines whether the harmful elements contained in the soil are artificially-derived.
The soil
After reacting with the reducing solution, the filtered first filtrate was collected and collected.
After oxidizing the filtration residue, it was reacted with the reducing solution again, and then the filtered second filtrate was collected.
The concentration ratio A'of the first element and the second element in the first filtrate was determined.
The concentration ratio B'of the first element and the second element in the second filtrate was determined.
The EF value obtained by A'/ B'is used as an index for determining the origin of harmful elements contained in the soil.
A method for discriminating anthropogenic harmful elements, which comprises determining a value equal to or greater than the value determined by the first element and the second element as an anthropogenic harmful element.
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