JP6828340B2 - Slag granulator - Google Patents
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- JP6828340B2 JP6828340B2 JP2016185670A JP2016185670A JP6828340B2 JP 6828340 B2 JP6828340 B2 JP 6828340B2 JP 2016185670 A JP2016185670 A JP 2016185670A JP 2016185670 A JP2016185670 A JP 2016185670A JP 6828340 B2 JP6828340 B2 JP 6828340B2
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Description
本発明は、銅等の非鉄金属溶融製錬で用いる自熔炉製錬において発生する溶融スラグを加圧水によって水砕するスラグ水砕装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a slag granulator that grinds molten slag generated in flash smelting of a non-ferrous metal such as copper with pressurized water.
従来、この種のスラグ水砕装置としては、例えば特許文献１に開示されているスラグ水砕装置が知られている。このスラグ水砕装置は、例えば図３にその概略図を示すように銅製錬工程から排出され、溶融スラグ排出樋１１を経て供給される溶融スラグを、下方の水砕樋１２との間で水砕ノズルから加圧水を噴射して水砕する装置であって、溶融スラグ排出樋１１と水砕樋１２との間に配置した水砕ノズル１３と、該水砕ノズル１３の下方に配置した高圧ノズル１４を備え、かつ前記高圧ノズル１４は複数本のパイプ形ノズルを水砕樋１２の幅方向に間隔配置した構成となしている。又、前記図３に示すスラグ水砕装置の改良型として、図４に示すように、溶融スラグ排出樋１１と水砕樋１２との間に水砕ノズル１３−１を上下方向に複数段に配置した構成のスラグ水砕装置も提案されている。即ち、図３、図４に示す構成のスラグ水砕装置は、溶融スラグ排出樋１１から供給される溶融スラグ１５を、下方の水砕樋１２との間で水砕ノズル１３、１３−１及び高圧ノズル１４から噴射される加圧水により水砕して水砕スラグとし、水砕樋１２から回収する方式である。 Conventionally, as this type of slag granulator, for example, the slag granulator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In this slag granulator, for example, as shown in the schematic diagram in FIG. 3, the molten slag discharged from the copper smelting process and supplied through the molten slag discharge gutter 11 is brought into water with the lower granulation gutter 12. A device that injects pressurized water from a crushing nozzle to crush water, and is a crushing nozzle 13 arranged between the molten slag discharge gutter 11 and the crushing gutter 12, and a high-pressure nozzle arranged below the crushing nozzle 13. 14 is provided, and the high-pressure nozzle 14 has a configuration in which a plurality of pipe-shaped nozzles are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the water gutter 12. Further, as an improved version of the slag granulator shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 4, the granulation nozzles 13-1 are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction between the molten slag discharge gutter 11 and the granulation gutter 12. A slag granulator with an arranged configuration has also been proposed. That is, in the slag granulator having the configuration shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the molten slag 15 supplied from the molten slag discharge gutter 11 is brought into the water granulation nozzles 13, 13-1 and the lower granule 12 with the molten slag 15. This is a method in which water is crushed with pressurized water ejected from the high-pressure nozzle 14 to form crushed slag, which is then recovered from the crushing gutter 12.
しかしながら、前記した従来のスラグ水砕装置には、以下に記載する問題点がある。
即ち、自熔炉製錬において発生する溶融スラグは、水を直接吹き付けて急冷凝固することによって粒状化した水砕スラグとなるが、その際、冷却を必要とする温度が１２００〜１３００℃のスラグが大量に出てきた場合、又はスラグ排出樋の先端にスラグ表面が冷えて付着したものが水砕樋上に落下して、水砕水を内包すると、スラグの熱で内包された水が急激に膨張することで水蒸気爆発が発生する。このため、前記図３に示すスラグ水砕装置では、かかる対策として複数本のパイプ形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル１４によってスラグ排出樋の付着スラグを吹き飛ばすことによって水蒸気爆発を抑制する方法や、図４に示すように溶融スラグ排出樋１１と水砕樋１２との間に水砕ノズル１３−１を上下方向に複数段に配置するなどの方法をこうじている。
しかし、従来の方法では、複数本のパイプ形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル１４によりスラグ排出樋の付着スラグを吹き飛ばす方法を実施する前に比べて水蒸気爆発の回数は減少したものの、一定の間隔を置いて配置された複数本の高圧ノズル１４の間から高温のスラグが落下することによって、依然として水蒸気爆発が発生している状況である。又、水蒸気爆発を防ぐためには水砕樋１２の底面に付着したスラグの除去をその付着量に応じて行う必要があり、その除去作業に多大な労力と時間を要し、稼働率低下の原因にもなっている。
However, the above-mentioned conventional slag granulator has the following problems.
That is, the molten slag generated in the self-melting furnace smelting becomes granulated granulated slag by directly spraying water and quenching and solidifying. At that time, slag having a temperature of 1200 to 1300 ° C. that requires cooling is generated. When a large amount of water comes out, or when the surface of the slag is cooled and adheres to the tip of the slag discharge slag, it falls onto the smelting tub and contains smelted water, the water contained by the heat of the slag expands rapidly. By doing so, a steam explosion occurs. Therefore, in the slag granulator shown in FIG. 3, as a countermeasure, a method of suppressing steam explosion by blowing off the attached slag of the slag discharge gutter with a high-pressure nozzle 14 composed of a plurality of pipe-shaped nozzles, and FIG. As shown, a method such as arranging the granulation nozzles 13-1 in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction between the molten slag discharge gutter 11 and the granulation gutter 12 is performed.
However, in the conventional method, although the number of steam explosions is reduced as compared with before the method of blowing off the attached slag of the slag discharge gutter by the high pressure nozzle 14 composed of a plurality of pipe-shaped nozzles, the number of steam explosions is reduced, but at regular intervals. A steam explosion is still occurring due to the high-temperature slag falling from between the plurality of arranged high-pressure nozzles 14. Further, in order to prevent steam explosion, it is necessary to remove the slag adhering to the bottom surface of the water vapor gutter 12 according to the amount of the slag adhering, which requires a great deal of labor and time to remove the slag, which causes a decrease in the operating rate. It is also.
本発明は、上記した従来のスラグ水砕装置の課題を解消するためになされたもので、水砕装置の大幅な改造や新規設備、装置を付設するなどの手段をこうじることなく、水砕樋内へのスラグ落下を極めて簡易な手段で防止することができ、水砕時の水蒸気爆発を大幅に抑制することができる極めて安全性に富むスラグ水砕装置を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional slag water crusher, and the water crusher can be used without any means such as major modification of the water crusher or addition of new equipment or equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide an extremely safe slag granulator that can prevent the slag from falling inward by an extremely simple means and can significantly suppress a steam explosion during water granulation.
本発明に係るスラグ水砕装置は、溶融スラグ排出樋と、該溶融スラグ排出樋下方に配設された水砕樋と、前記溶融スラグ排出樋と水砕樋との間に配設された偏平形状の水砕ノズルを備え、前記偏平形状の水砕ノズルから加圧水を噴射して水砕する装置であって、前記偏平形状の水砕ノズルの下方に高圧ノズルを備えたスラグ水砕装置において、前記水砕樋を半円弧状の断面形状とし、さらに前記高圧ノズルを前記水砕樋の円弧状の底面に沿う偏平形状のボックス形ノズルとし、かつ前記ボックス形ノズルは先端部に高圧水噴出口が設けられ、後端部にはガイド部を介して高圧水供給配管が接続された構造となしていることを特徴とするものである。 The slag water crushing apparatus according to the present invention is a flattening device arranged between a molten slag discharge tub, a water crusher arranged below the molten slag discharge tub, and the molten slag discharge ridge and the water crusher. In a slag water granulator having a shape-shaped granulation nozzle and injecting pressurized water from the flat-shaped water granulation nozzle to granulate the water, and having a high-pressure nozzle below the flat-shaped water granulation nozzle. The water crusher has a semi-arc-shaped cross section, the high-pressure nozzle has a flat box-shaped nozzle along the arc-shaped bottom surface of the water crusher, and the box-shaped nozzle has a high-pressure water spout at the tip. Is provided, and a high-pressure water supply pipe is connected to the rear end portion via a guide portion.
本発明に係るスラグ水砕装置によれば、従来の複数本のパイプ形ノズルからなる高圧ノズルを水砕樋の幅方向に幅広で偏平形状のボックス形ノズルに変更するだけで、水砕樋内へのスラグ落下を防止することができるので、水砕時の水蒸気爆発のリスクを大幅に低減することができる上、水砕樋内の付着スラグの除去回数も大幅に減らすことができる。更に本発明装置は、既存のスラグ水砕装置や既設設備に容易に適用できるので、設備費も高くつくことはなく極めて安全性に富むスラグ水砕装置を低コストで提供することができる。 According to the slag granulator according to the present invention, the inside of the granulator can be simply changed from the conventional high-pressure nozzle composed of a plurality of pipe-shaped nozzles to a box-shaped nozzle having a wide and flat shape in the width direction of the granule. Since it is possible to prevent the slag from falling onto the water, the risk of steam explosion during water granulation can be significantly reduced, and the number of times of removal of adhering slag in the water granulation gutter can be significantly reduced. Further, since the apparatus of the present invention can be easily applied to existing slag granulators and existing equipment, it is possible to provide an extremely safe slag granulator at low cost without high equipment cost.
図１、図２に示す本発明のスラグ水砕装置の全体構成は、図３、図４に示す従来の装置と同様、銅製錬工程から排出され、溶融スラグ排出樋１１を経て供給される溶融スラグを、下方の水砕樋１２との間でノズルから加圧水を噴射して水砕する装置であって、溶融スラグ排出樋１１と水砕樋１２との間に配置した水砕ノズル１３と、該水砕ノズルの下方に配置した高圧ノズル１４を備えたものである。
本発明装置は前記高圧ノズル１４として、従来の複数本のパイプ形ノズルからなる高圧ノズルに替えて、偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４を従来と同様の位置に配置して用いる。この偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４は、図面に示すように水砕樋１２の幅方向に幅広の偏平形状を有するボックス形ノズルであり、先端部に高圧水噴出口４−１が設けられ、後端部にはガイド部４−３を介して高圧水供給配管４−２が接続されている。この偏平形状のボックス形ノズルは、水砕樋１２の底面に沿う円弧状の断面形状を有する高圧ノズル４とする。即ち、図１に示す半円弧状の断面形状を有する水砕樋１２の円弧状の底面に沿う形状のボックス形ノズルとする。その理由は、以下に示すとおりである。
即ち、高圧ノズル４を水砕樋１２の円弧状の形状に合わせる事で、高圧ノズル４から噴出している加圧水を水砕樋の側面及び底面に沿って流す事が可能となる。これにより、加圧水の力を減衰する事なく直接与えられ、万が一スラグが水砕樋１２に堆積した場合にも確実に加圧水で破砕するもしくは押し流す事が可能となり、スラグの堆積を防止できるためである。加えて、加圧水を水砕樋の側面及び底面に沿って流す事で水砕樋への加圧水の垂直方向での衝突を極力抑える事が可能となり、水砕樋の加圧水による摩耗を低減でき寿命延長に繋がるためである。
なお、偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４のサイズは、当該ノズルを設置するスラグ水砕装置の規模や水砕樋１２の大きさに合わせて設定することはいうまでもない。
The overall configuration of the slag milling apparatus of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the same as the conventional apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which is discharged from the copper smelting process and supplied through the molten slag discharge gutter 11. A device for injecting pressurized water from a nozzle between the lower gutter 12 and granulating the slag, and the granulation nozzle 13 arranged between the molten slag discharge gutter 11 and the gutter 12. It is provided with a high-pressure nozzle 14 arranged below the gutter nozzle.
As the high-pressure nozzle 14, the apparatus of the present invention uses a high-pressure nozzle 4 made of a flat box-shaped nozzle arranged at the same position as the conventional one, instead of the conventional high-pressure nozzle made of a plurality of pipe-shaped nozzles. As shown in the drawing, the high-pressure nozzle 4 composed of the flat-shaped box-shaped nozzle is a box-shaped nozzle having a wide flat shape in the width direction of the water crusher 12, and has a high-pressure water outlet 4-1 at the tip. A high-pressure water supply pipe 4-2 is connected to the rear end portion via a guide portion 4-3. The flat box-shaped nozzle is a high-pressure nozzle 4 having an arc-shaped cross-sectional shape along the bottom surface of the granulation gutter 12 . In other words, the box-shaped nozzle having a shape along the bottom surface of the circular arc of the water砕樋12 having a semicircular cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. The reason is as follows.
That, by combining a high-pressure nozzle 4 in an arc-like shape of water砕樋12, comprising a pressurized water being jetted from the high-pressure nozzle 4 is possible to flow along the side and bottom surfaces of the water砕樋. As a result, the force of the pressurized water is directly applied without being attenuated, and even if slag is deposited on the granulation gutter 12, it can be reliably crushed or washed away with the pressurized water, and the accumulation of slag can be prevented. .. In addition, by flowing pressurized water along the sides and bottom of the gutter, it is possible to minimize the vertical collision of the pressurized water with the gutter, reducing wear caused by the pressurized water in the gutter and extending its life. This is to connect to.
Needless to say, the size of the high-pressure nozzle 4 made of a flat-shaped box-shaped nozzle is set according to the scale of the slag water crushing device on which the nozzle is installed and the size of the water crushing gutter 12.
上記構成の本発明のスラグ水砕装置によれば、溶融スラグ排出樋１１を経て供給される溶融スラグは、水砕ノズル１３の下方に配置した本発明の偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４から噴射される加圧水（矢印で示す）により急冷凝固及び破砕されて水砕スラグとなるが、その際、溶融スラグが大量に出てきた場合や、スラグ排出樋の先端にスラグ表面が冷えて付着したものが落下した場合、その落下する溶融スラグやスラグ表面が冷えたスラグ塊は、水砕ノズル１３の下方に配置された偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４の表面上にその大半が落下し当該ノズル下方への落下が防止されることにより、水砕樋１２の底面への温度の高いスラグの居付きが大幅に防止される。又、偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル４と水砕樋１２の内壁面との間から落下したスラグが水砕樋１２内に溜まっても即座に押し流されるので水砕樋１２に居付くこともほとんど無くなる。これにより、水砕樋１２の底面への温度の高いスラグの居付き量が大幅に減少し、結果として水蒸気爆発のリスクの低減がはかられる。 According to the slag granulator of the present invention having the above configuration, the molten slag supplied through the molten slag discharge trough 11 is a high-pressure nozzle composed of a flat box-shaped nozzle of the present invention arranged below the granulation nozzle 13. It is rapidly cooled, solidified and crushed by the pressurized water (indicated by the arrow) ejected from No. 4 to form crushed slag. When the adhered material falls, most of the falling molten slag and the slag mass whose surface is cooled are on the surface of the high-pressure nozzle 4 composed of a flat box-shaped nozzle arranged below the granulation nozzle 13. By preventing the slag from falling below the nozzle, the presence of hot slag on the bottom surface of the water granulator 12 is greatly prevented. Further, even if the slag that has fallen from between the high-pressure nozzle 4 made of a flat box-shaped nozzle and the inner wall surface of the water gutter 12 accumulates in the water gutter 12, it is immediately washed away, so that the slag stays in the water gutter 12. It almost disappears. As a result, the amount of hot slag that lives on the bottom surface of the granulation gutter 12 is significantly reduced, and as a result, the risk of steam explosion can be reduced.
図１、図２に示す本発明のスラグ水砕装置と、図３及び図４に示す従来のスラグ水砕装置により、銅製錬工程から排出された溶融スラグの水砕を実施した際の水砕樋居付きスラグの除去回数を比較した結果を表１に示す。
表１の結果より、図３に示す従来例１のスラグ水砕装置の場合は、水砕樋への居付きスラグの除去回数は一ケ月３０回と、１日１回ペースでスラグ除去作業を行わなければ水蒸気爆発が発生するリスクが生じ、図４に示す従来例２のスラグ水砕装置の場合は、水砕樋への居付きスラグの除去回数は一ケ月２０回と、従来例１のスラグ水砕装置に比べ水蒸気爆発が発生するリスクを低減できたのに対し、本発明のスラグ水砕装置の場合は、水砕樋への居付きスラグ除去回数は一ケ月で４回まで大幅低減することができ、週１回ペースのスラグ除去作業でも水蒸気爆発の発生リスクが無くなることが明らかである。
When the molten slag discharged from the copper smelting process is hydrolyzed by the slag granulator of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the conventional slag granulator shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Table 1 shows the results of comparing the number of times the slag with a slag was removed.
From the results in Table 1, in the case of the slag granulator of the conventional example 1 shown in FIG. 3, the number of times of removing the slag in the water crusher is 30 times a month, and the slag removal work is performed once a day. If this is not done, there is a risk that a steam explosion will occur, and in the case of the slag granulator of Conventional Example 2 shown in FIG. 4, the number of times of removing the slag living in the water crusher is 20 times a month, which is the same as that of Conventional Example 1. Compared to the slag crusher, the risk of water vapor explosion could be reduced, while the slag crusher of the present invention drastically reduced the number of slag removals to the slag pit to 4 times in a month. It is clear that the risk of water explosion is eliminated even with weekly slag removal work.
４ 偏平形状のボックス形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル
４−１ 高圧水噴出口
４−２ 高圧水供給配管
４−３ ガイド部
１１ 溶融スラグ排出樋
１２ 水砕樋
１３、１３−１ 水砕ノズル
１４ 複数本のパイプ形ノズルからなる高圧ノズル
１５ 溶融スラグ
4 High-pressure nozzle consisting of flat box-shaped nozzles 4-1 High-pressure water outlet 4-2 High-pressure water supply pipe 4-3 Guide part 11 Molten slag discharge pipe 12 Hydrocle slag 13, 13-1 Fission nozzle 14 Multiple High-pressure nozzle consisting of pipe-shaped nozzle 15 molten slag
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