JP6820565B2 - 病原性細菌の定着を阻害するペプチド及びそれを含む定着阻害剤 - Google Patents
病原性細菌の定着を阻害するペプチド及びそれを含む定着阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6820565B2 JP6820565B2 JP2018514605A JP2018514605A JP6820565B2 JP 6820565 B2 JP6820565 B2 JP 6820565B2 JP 2018514605 A JP2018514605 A JP 2018514605A JP 2018514605 A JP2018514605 A JP 2018514605A JP 6820565 B2 JP6820565 B2 JP 6820565B2
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Description
ETEC等のIVb型線毛を産生する細菌は、定着因子を発現し、該定着因子が線毛の形成を担う。菌体上にIVb型線毛を形成する定着因子としては、CFA/III(CS8)が知られ、これと遺伝子構造や構成タンパク質が極めてよく似ている他の定着因子としてLongus(CS21)が知られている。なお、IV型線毛は、その主要構成サブユニットであるメジャーピリンのN末端配列と全体の大きさからIVa型もしくはIVb型に大別されるが、CFA/III(CS8)やLongus(CS21)は、IVb型に属する。
ETECが標的細胞に付着及び定着するメカニズムの概略は、図1を参照した上記説明の通りであるが、以下に、ETECが標的細胞に付着及び定着するメカニズムについてより詳細に説明する。
上述の通り、本実施形態に係るペプチドは、IVb型線毛の特にマイナーピリンと結合する第1ドメインと、多量体化が可能な第2ドメインと、それらを接続するリンカー配列とを含む。
これまでの報告からCFA agarで培養したCFA/III産生野生型ETEC31−10株(ETEC 1373株)だけでなく、大腸菌HB101株(Nippon Gene)にcofオペロンを含むプラスミドpTT240を導入した菌株(HB101cof)は、同様の培養条件で野生株同様のIVb型線毛形成能をもち、またCaco2細胞に付着することが報告されている(Honda, T. et al. Infect. Immun. 1989, 57, 3452-3457.;Taniguchi, T.et al. Infect. Immun. 2001, 69, 5864-5873.)。ここで、cofオペロンを含むプラスミドpTT240の作製は以下の手順で行った。まず、cof遺伝子クラスターの塩基配列解析をおこなった結果、cof遺伝子のプロモーター配列の上流に制限酵素KpnIの切断サイト、cof遺伝子クラスターの最後の遺伝子であるcofJ遺伝子の下流に制限酵素StuIの切断サイトが存在することが明らかとなったため、cof遺伝子クラスターを含むプラスミドpSH1134を制限酵素StuIで切断後、phosphorylated KpnI linker (Takara Shuzo)をライゲーションし、制限酵素KpnIで切断処理をした。得られた13.8kbのフラグメントを0.8%のアガロースゲルで電気泳動をおこない精製後、制限酵素KpnI処理をしたプラスミドpMW119(Nippon Gene)にライゲーションをおこなった。得られたプラスミドをpTT240とした。また、Caco2細胞は、ETECの小腸上皮細胞への定着のモデル細胞と考えられている(Darfeuille-Michaud, A. et al. Infect. Immun. 1990, 58, 893-902.)。そこで、HB101cofとCaco2細胞とを用いて、以下の通り、付着実験を行った。
上記実施例1において、HB101 cofがCaco2細胞に付着可能であることが確認できたため、次に、CofB欠損株及びCofJ欠損株を作製し、CofB及びCofJの機能について検討した。以下にその方法を説明する。
すなわち、HB101 cofと比較して、CofJ欠損株HB101-cof-ΔcofJは、0.018倍、CofB欠損株HB101-cof-ΔcofBは0.047倍しかCaco2細胞に付着しなかった。また、CofJ補完株HB101-cof-ΔcofJ+pcofJおよびCofB補完株HB101-cof-ΔcofB+pcofBはHB101 cofほどの定着能を有さなかったものの、各欠損株と比較して定着能の回復が見られた。従って、HB101cofによるCaco2細胞に対する付着には、CofBおよびCofJが関与すると認められる。
次に、分泌タンパク質であるCofJと、線毛構成サブユニットであるCofAおよびCofBとの相互作用について解析した。
次に、CofJとΔN28−CofBとの会合比について検討した。それらの会合比の決定には分析用超遠心機Optima XL-I(Beckman Coulter社製)を用いた。測定セルのウィンドウにはクォーツを選択し、センターピースにはセル長1.2cmのチャコールエポン製6穴センターピースを用いた。測定温度は20℃とし、溶媒は20mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 150mM NaClとした。ローター回転数は5000,8000,10000rpmに設定し、各回転数において設定回転数到達後2時間毎にセル中の濃度勾配をUV検出器にてモニターした。スキャン毎に観測される吸光度のrmsd値が0.01以下になった時点を沈降平衡とし、平衡到達を確認した後、297nmにて沈降平衡における濃度勾配を評価した。積算回数は4回とした。このようにして得られた濃度勾配と、それに基づき算出された見かけの分子量から、1分子のCofJと1分子の三量体ΔN28−CofBが会合していることが確認された。
次に、上記CofJ1−24ペプチドとCofBとからなる複合体の構造を決定するために、その複合体の結晶の作製を試みた。
次に、上記CofB三量体のそれぞれのH型レクチンドメインに結合可能な三量体ペプチドを作製するために、三量体化ドメインを有するGCN4を用い、これとCofJペプチドとがリンカーを介して結合したペプチドの作製を試みた。
実施例6で得られたCofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチドの線毛への結合の寄与を調べるため、CofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチドとΔN28−CofBの相互作用解析を等温滴定型熱量計Microcal iTC200(GE Healthcare社製)を用いて実施した。滴定シリンジに0.59mMのCofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液、測定セルに28.5μM(三量体換算)のΔN28−CofB溶液をそれぞれ充填し、CofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液をΔN28−CofB溶液に滴下した際に生じる熱量変化を直接観測することで両者の相互作用を評価した。CofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液の滴下により発熱変化が観測され、これは滴定の進行に伴い希釈熱と同等にまで収束した。得られたデータについて解析ソフトOriginを用いた解析を行った結果、CofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチドとΔN28−CofBとの結合が観測された。両者の解離定数Kd値は0.04μMであった。
CofJ1-24-GCN4阻害ペプチドがCofBとCofJの結合を阻害可能かどうか調べるために、Niカラムを用いたプルダウンアッセイによりin vitroの実験系で確かめた。実験には、チオレドキシンタグ(Trx)、Hisタグ(His)が付加したΔN28-CofB(Trx-His−ΔN28-CofB)、CofJ、CofJ1-24-GCN4、CofJ1-24ペプチド、CofJ1-24ペプチドのアミノ酸配列をランダム化したペプチド(CofJpepR)を使用した。なお、CofJpepRの配列は、NPSGFDKSGSSTTRTPAMSVIVDE(配列番号22)である。
実施例1および実施例2と同様の手法で定着実験をおこなった。その際、CofJ1-24-GCN4を0、10、100、1000μg/mL、HB101 cofを1.0×109cells/mLとなるように混合調製後、25℃で1時間静置したものを50μLずつ500μLの培地に加え、CofJ1-24-GCN4が0、1、10、100μg/mL、HB101 cofが1.0×108cells/mLとなるようにした。この結果を図13に示す。図13に示すように、Recovery rateは、0μg/mL CofJ1-24-GCN4が14.7%、1μg/mL CofJ1-24-GCN4が14.0%、10μg/mL CofJ1-24-GCN4が11.5%、100μg/mL CofJ1-24-GCN4が2.6%であった。
ここまで、CofJ1−24ペプチドがCofB/CofJ相互作用を阻害して、ETECの腸組織への付着を阻害することを示した。上述したようにCofJ1−24ペプチド/ΔN28−CofB複合体の結晶構造から、CofJ1−24ペプチドの一部、具体的には図7に示した通り、5番目のセリンから15番目のプロリンがそれら両者の相互作用に特に関与していると考えられる。そこで、次に、CofJ1−24ペプチドのうち、特に重要と考えられる部分を含む、CofJ1−24ペプチドの4番目から16番目までのアミノ酸配列からなるCofJ4−16ペプチド(配列番号23)であっても、CofJ1−24ペプチドと同等の効果を示すことができるか否かを検討した。
次に、実施例6で行ったのと同様に、CofJ4−16においても三量体ペプチドを作製するために、三量体化ドメインを有するGCN4、及びリンカーを用いて、CofJ4−16−GCN4ペプチドの作製を試みた。
実施例11で得られたCofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチドの線毛への結合の寄与を調べるため、CofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチドとΔN28−CofBの相互作用解析を等温滴定型熱量計Microcal iTC200(GE Healthcare社製)を用いて実施した。滴定シリンジに0.59mMのCofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液、測定セルに28.5μM(三量体換算)のΔN28−CofB溶液をそれぞれ充填し、CofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液をΔN28−CofB溶液に滴下した際に生じる熱量変化を直接観測することで両者の相互作用を評価した。CofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチド溶液の滴下により発熱変化が観測され、これは滴定の進行に伴い希釈熱と同等にまで収束した。得られたデータについて解析ソフトOriginを用いた解析を行った結果、CofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチドとΔN28−CofBとの結合が観測された。両者の解離定数Kd値は0.08μMであった。
CofJ4-16-GCN4阻害ペプチドがCofBとCofJの結合を阻害可能かどうか調べるために、Niカラムを用いたプルダウンアッセイによりin vitroの実験系で確かめた。実験には、チオレドキシンタグ(Trx)、Hisタグ(His)が付加したΔN28-CofB(Trx-His-ΔN28-CofB)、CofJ、CofJ4-16-GCN4を使用した。
CofJ4-16-GCN4を用いて実施例9と同様にETEC付着阻害活性評価を行った。CofJ4-16-GCN4を0、10、100、1000μg/mL、HB101cofを1.0×109 cells/mLとなるように混合調製後、25℃で1時間静置したものを50μLずつ500μLの培地に加え、CofJ4-16-GCN4が0、1、10、100μg/mL、HB101cofが1.0×108cells/mLとなるようにした。その結果、図15に示すように、Recovery rateは、0μg/mL CofJ4-16-GCN4が1.01%、1μg/mL CofJ4-16-GCN4が0.32%、10μg/mL CofJ4-16-GCN4が0.36%、100μg/mL CofJ4-16-GCN4が0.068%であった。
Claims (4)
- IVb型線毛のマイナーピリンに結合可能なアミノ酸配列を有する第1ドメインと、
前記第1ドメインにリンカー配列を介して接続され、多量体化が可能なアミノ酸配列を有する第2ドメインとを含み、
前記第1ドメインは、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を有し、
前記第2ドメインは、配列番号6のアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号7若しくは配列番号8のアミノ酸配列の4〜10回の繰り返し配列を有することを特徴とするペプチド。 - 前記第1ドメインは、配列番号23の配列を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のペプチド。
- 前記リンカー配列は、配列番号9であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のペプチド。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のペプチドを含む病原性細菌の消化器への定着阻害剤。
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