JP6796577B2 - Compressed air storage power generation device and compressed air storage power generation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a compressed air storage power generation device and a compressed air storage power generation method.

Power generation using renewable energy such as wind power generation and solar power generation depends on weather conditions, so the output may not be stable. Therefore, it is necessary to use an energy storage system in order to obtain the required power in a timely manner. As an example of such a system, for example, a compressed air energy storage (CAES) power generation device is known.

The CAES power generator uses renewable energy to drive a compressor to produce compressed air, stores the compressed air in a tank, etc., and uses the compressed air to drive a turbine generator to generate electricity when needed. It is a device to do. Further, in order to improve the operating efficiency of the CAES power generation device, a heat exchanger is used to exchange heat between the heat medium and air, and the heat of compression generated by the compressor is recovered in the heat medium before expansion by the expander. A-CAES (adiabatic compressed air energy storage) power generator is known to return the heat recovered to the air.

In order to further improve the operating efficiency of the A-CAES power generation device (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the CAES power generation device), it is effective to control the operating state according to the amount of compressed air stored. The CAES power generation device that controls the operating state according to the amount of compressed air stored in this way is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.

JP-A-2017-89443 JP-A-2016-220350

If the operation of the CAES power generation device is continued, the balance between the amount of compressed air and the amount of heat medium stored may be lost, and the compressed air or heat medium may be insufficient or surplus. In Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, there is no particular suggestion for this phenomenon. If the balance between the amount of compressed air stored and the amount of heat medium is lost, stable operation may not be possible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compressed air storage power generation device and a compressed air storage power generation method that can suitably maintain a good balance between a stored compressed air amount and a heat medium amount and enable stable operation.

The first aspect of the present invention is
An air line that takes in, compresses, accumulates, and discharges air,
A heat medium line that circulates a heat medium that exchanges heat with air,
A compressed air storage power generation device including a control device for controlling the flow rate of the heat medium in the heat medium line.
The air line
An electric motor driven by input power and
A compressor that sucks and compresses air by being driven by the electric motor,
A pressure accumulator that stores compressed air discharged from the compressor,
An air amount sensor for measuring the stored amount of the compressed air in the accumulator, and
An expander driven by compressed air supplied from the accumulator and
It is equipped with a generator that generates electricity by being driven by the expander.
The heat medium line is
A compression side heat exchanger that cools the compressed air and heats the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the compressor to the accumulator and the heat medium.
A high-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium heated by the compression side heat exchanger,
An expansion side heat exchanger that heats the compressed air and cools the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the pressure accumulator to the expander and the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit. When,
A low-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium cooled by the expansion side heat exchanger,
A compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger.
It is provided with an expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger.
The control device
A compression side heat medium flow rate control unit that controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor.
Compressed with an expansion side heat medium flow control unit that controls the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor. Provide an air storage power generation device.

According to this configuration, the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting section and the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting section are controlled based on the amount of air in the accumulator section, and the heat medium is stored in order to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line. The balance between the amount of compressed air and the amount of heat medium can be maintained. As a result, it is possible to avoid a state in which the amount of heat medium is excessive or insufficient with respect to the amount of compressed air stored. Specifically, when a small amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, the amount of compressed air supplied to the expansion side heat exchanger is also limited to a small amount, so that the amount of high-temperature heat medium required is small, while compressed air. When a large amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, the amount of compressed air supplied to the expansion side heat exchanger can also be large, so that the amount of high-temperature heat medium required is large. Further, when only a small amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, the compressor discharge temperature is not high, so that the required amount of low-temperature heat medium flow rate is small. On the other hand, when a large amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, when the compressor is operated, the discharge temperature of the compressor tends to rise, so that a large amount of low-temperature heat medium is required. As described above, since the required amounts of the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium fluctuate according to the amount of air in the accumulator, it is stabilized by securing an appropriate amount of heat medium according to the amount of air in the accumulator. It will be possible to drive for a longer time. If the operation of the compressed air storage power generation device is continued, ideally the balance between the stored compressed air amount and the heat medium amount will not be lost, but in reality, the balance between the stored compressed air amount and the heat medium amount will not be lost. Will collapse and stable operation will not be possible. By suppressing such imbalance as much as possible, stable operation becomes possible for a longer period of time.

The compressed air storage power generation device further includes a high-temperature heat medium amount sensor for measuring the amount of heat medium in the high-temperature heat storage unit.
The control device
A high-temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit that calculates the high-temperature heat medium filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the heat medium amount measured by the high-temperature heat medium amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the high-temperature heat storage unit.
Further provided with an air filling ratio calculation unit for calculating the air filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the air amount measured by the air amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the pressure accumulating unit.
The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air filling ratio and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.
The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit may also control the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air filling ratio and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.

According to this configuration, the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit and the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit are controlled based on the air filling ratio and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio to prevent excess or deficiency of the heat medium flow rate of the heat medium line. Since it is suppressed, the balance between the amount of compressed air stored and the amount of high-temperature heat medium can be maintained.

The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit may reduce the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.

According to this configuration, a required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the high-temperature heat storage unit. When the air filling ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to reduce the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger, the rate of decrease of the high temperature heat medium amount in the high temperature heat storage unit is reduced. Can be reduced.

The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit may increase the flow rate of the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.

According to this configuration, a required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the high-temperature heat storage unit. When the air filling ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to increase the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the compression side heat exchanger to the high temperature heat storage unit, the rate of increase of the high temperature heat medium amount in the high temperature heat storage unit is increased. Can be raised.

The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit may increase the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is smaller than a predetermined value or more than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent an excess amount of high-temperature heat medium from being stored in the high-temperature heat storage unit. When the air filling ratio is smaller than the predetermined amount of the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to increase the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger, the rate of decrease of the high temperature heat medium amount in the high temperature heat storage unit is increased. Can be raised. As a result, since the heat medium line has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

When the air filling ratio is smaller than a predetermined value or more than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, the compression side heat medium flow rate control unit may reduce the flow rate of the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent an excess amount of high-temperature heat medium from being stored in the high-temperature heat storage unit. When the air filling ratio is smaller than the predetermined amount of the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to reduce the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the compression side heat exchanger to the high temperature heat storage unit, the rate of increase of the high temperature heat medium amount in the high temperature heat storage unit is increased. Can be reduced. As a result, since the heat medium line has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

The compressed air storage power generation device further includes a low temperature heat medium amount sensor for measuring the heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit.
The control device
A low-temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit that calculates the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the heat medium amount measured by the low-temperature heat medium amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the low-temperature heat storage unit.
The air margin ratio calculation unit that calculates the air filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the air amount measured by the air amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the pressure accumulator, and calculates the air margin ratio obtained by subtracting the air filling ratio from 100%. And further prepared,
The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air margin ratio and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio.
The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit may also control the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air margin ratio and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio.

According to this configuration, the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit and the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit are controlled based on the air margin ratio and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio to prevent excess or deficiency of the heat medium flow rate of the heat medium line. Since it is suppressed, the balance between the stored compressed air amount and the low temperature heat medium amount can be maintained.

It said compression-side heat medium flow control unit may reduce the flow rate of the compressed-side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when a predetermined or more greater than the air surplus rate is the low temperature heating medium filling fraction.

According to this configuration, a required amount of low- temperature heat medium can be secured in the low- temperature heat storage unit. When the air margin ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the low-temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to reduce the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger, the rate of decrease of the low temperature heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit is reduced. Can be reduced.

The expansion-side heat medium flow control unit, the air surplus rate may be the and increase the flow rate of the expansion-side heat medium flow rate adjusting portion when the larger predetermined value or more than the low temperature thermal medium filling fraction.

According to this configuration, a required amount of low- temperature heat medium can be secured in the low- temperature heat storage unit. When the air margin ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the low-temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium flow adjustment unit to increase the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the expansion side heat exchanger to the low temperature heat storage unit, the rate of increase of the low temperature heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit is increased. Can be raised.

It said compression-side heat medium flow control unit may be, increase the flow rate of the compressed-side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when a predetermined or more smaller than the air surplus rate is the low temperature heating medium filling fraction.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the storage of an excess amount of the low temperature heat medium in the low temperature heat storage unit. When the air margin ratio is smaller than the predetermined amount of the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the low-temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit to increase the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger, the rate of decrease of the low temperature heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit is increased. Can be raised. As a result, since the heat medium line has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

The expansion-side heat medium flow control unit may reduce the flow rate of the expansion-side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when a predetermined or more smaller than the air surplus rate is the low temperature heating medium filling fraction.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the storage of excess amount of cold heat transfer medium to the low-temperature heat storage unit. When the air margin ratio is smaller than the predetermined amount of the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the low-temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium flow adjustment unit to reduce the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the expansion side heat exchanger to the low temperature heat storage unit, the rate of increase of the low temperature heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit Can be reduced. As a result, since the heat medium line has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

The compressed air storage power generation device is
A bypass pipe that directly fluidly connects the low-temperature heat storage unit and the high-temperature heat storage unit,
A bypass pump that allows the heat medium in the bypass pipe to flow,
Further provided with a bypass valve that allows or blocks the flow of heat medium in the bypass pipe.
The control device
When the air filling ratio is larger than the high temperature heat storage filling ratio by a predetermined value or more, the first bypass control that opens the bypass valve, drives the bypass pump, and supplies the heat medium from the low temperature heat storage unit to the high temperature heat storage unit. Further units may be provided.

According to this configuration, a required amount of heat medium can be secured in the high temperature heat storage unit. When the air filling ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the high temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the bypass valve and the bypass pump to supply the heat medium from the low temperature heat storage unit to the high temperature heat storage unit, the amount of heat medium in the high temperature heat storage unit can be increased.

The compressed air storage power generation device is
A bypass pipe that directly fluidly connects the low-temperature heat storage unit and the high-temperature heat storage unit,
A bypass pump that allows the heat medium in the bypass pipe to flow,
Further provided with a bypass valve that allows or blocks the flow of heat medium in the bypass pipe.
The control device
When the air margin ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the low temperature heat storage charge ratio, the bypass valve is opened, the bypass pump is driven, and the heat medium is supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the low temperature heat storage unit. Further units may be provided.

According to this configuration, a required amount of heat medium can be secured in the low temperature heat storage unit. When the air margin ratio is larger than the predetermined amount of the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, it means that the required amount of the low-temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the bypass valve and the bypass pump to supply the heat medium from the high temperature heat storage unit to the low temperature heat storage unit, the amount of heat medium in the low temperature heat storage unit can be increased.

A second aspect of the present invention is
An air line that takes in, compresses, accumulates, and discharges air,
A heat medium line that circulates a heat medium that exchanges heat with air,
It is a compressed air storage power generation method of a compressed air storage power generation device including.
The air line
An electric motor driven by input power and
A compressor that sucks and compresses air by being driven by the electric motor,
A pressure accumulator that stores compressed air discharged from the compressor,
An air amount sensor for measuring the stored amount of the compressed air in the accumulator, and
An expander driven by compressed air supplied from the accumulator and
It is equipped with a generator that generates electricity by being driven by the expander.
The heat medium line is
A compression side heat exchanger that cools the compressed air and heats the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the compressor to the accumulator and the heat medium.
A high-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium heated by the compression side heat exchanger,
An expansion side heat exchanger that heats the compressed air and cools the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the pressure accumulator to the expander and the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit. When,
A low-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium cooled by the expansion side heat exchanger,
A compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger.
It is provided with an expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger.
Based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor, the excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line is suppressed.
Provided is a compressed air storage power generation method that suppresses excess or deficiency of heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor.

According to this method, as described above, the balance between the stored compressed air amount and the heat medium amount can be suitably maintained, so that the compressed air storage power generation device can be operated stably.

According to the present invention, in the compressed air storage power generation device and the compressed air storage power generation method, the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting section and the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting section are controlled based on the amount of air in the accumulator section to control the heat medium line. Suppress excess or deficiency of heat medium. Therefore, the balance between the amount of stored compressed air and the amount of heat medium can be suitably maintained, and stable operation becomes possible.

Schematic configuration diagram of the compressed air storage power generation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Control block diagram of the control device of the first embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of the compressed air storage power generation device according to the second embodiment Control block diagram of the control device of the second embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of the compressed air storage power generation device according to the third embodiment Control block diagram of the control device of the third embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of the compressed air storage power generation device according to the fourth embodiment Control block diagram of the control device of the fourth embodiment

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a compressed air energy storage (CAES) power generation device 1. The CAES power generation device 1 is a device that produces compressed air using the electric power supplied from the power plant 2, generates power using the compressed air as needed, and outputs the electric power to a demand destination 3 such as a factory. is there. The power plant 2 may be based on renewable energy such as a wind power plant or a solar power plant, but may be a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant that does not utilize renewable energy, and is particularly limited. It's not something.

The CAES power generation device 1 includes an air line 10 shown by a broken line, a heat medium line 20 shown by a solid line, and a control device 30.

The air line 10 is provided with a compressor 11, a pressure accumulator tank (accumulation unit) 12, and an expander 13, which are fluidly connected by air pipes 10a to 10d, and air is introduced therein. Flowing.

The compressor 11 of the present embodiment is a screw type and includes a pair of male and female screw rotors. A motor (electric motor) 14 is mechanically connected to the screw rotor, and the motor 14 receives the electric power generated at the power plant 2 to rotate and drive the screw rotor. Hereinafter, the electric power supplied from the power plant 2 to the motor 14 is also referred to as an input electric power. This input power is measured by a sensor (not shown), and the input power value measured here is sent to the control device 30. Further, in the compressor 11, a pair of male and female screw rotors are rotationally driven and meshed with each other to compress air. The intake port 11a of the compressor 11 communicates with the outside air through the air pipe 10a, and the discharge port 11b is fluidly connected to the accumulator tank 12 through the air pipe 10b. A compression side heat exchanger 15, which will be described later, is interposed in the air pipe 10b. When driven by the motor 14, the compressor 11 takes in air from the intake port 11a through the air pipe 10a, compresses it internally, discharges the compressed air from the discharge port 11b, and compresses the compressed air into the accumulator tank 12 through the air pipe 10b. Pump air. Although the compressor 11 is a screw type in this embodiment, it may be a turbo type, a scroll type, a reciprocating type, or the like.

The accumulator tank 12 is, for example, a steel tank, and stores compressed air pumped from the compressor 11. That is, energy can be stored in the accumulator tank 12 as compressed air. A pressure sensor (air amount sensor) 12a is attached to the accumulator tank 12, and the pressure of the compressed air inside can be measured. The accumulator tank 12 is fluidly connected to the air supply port 13a of the expander 13 through the air pipe 10c, and the compressed air stored in the accumulator tank 12 is supplied to the expander 13 through the air pipe 10c. The air pipe 10c extending from the accumulator tank 12 to the expander 13 is provided with a valve 17 for allowing or blocking the flow of compressed air and an expansion side heat exchanger 16 described later. By opening and closing the valve 17, it is possible to change whether or not compressed air is supplied from the accumulator tank 12 to the expander 13.

The inflator 13 is a screw type and includes a pair of male and female screw rotors. A generator 18 is mechanically connected to the screw rotor, and the generator is driven by the expander 13 to generate electricity. The expander 13 supplied with compressed air from the air supply port 13a is operated by the compressed air to drive the generator 18. The generator 18 is electrically connected to a demand destination 3 such as an external factory, and the electric power generated by the generator 18 is supplied to the demand destination 3. Hereinafter, the electric power generated by the generator 18 is also referred to as generated electric power. This generated power is measured by a sensor (not shown), and the generated power value measured here is sent to the control device 30. Further, the air expanded by the expander 13 is exhausted from the exhaust port 13b to the outside through the air pipe 10d. The expander 13 is a screw type in the present embodiment, but may be a turbo type, a scroll type, a reciprocating type, or the like. Further, in the present embodiment, the compressor 11 and the expander 13 are provided separately, but since the compressor 11 and the expander 13 of the present embodiment are the same, the compressor 11 is used as one fluid machine. And the expander 13 can also be used. In this case, the motor 14 and the generator 18 can be used in combination as one motor generator in which the motor and the generator are reversible.

The heat medium line 20 is provided with a compression side heat exchanger 15, a high temperature heat medium tank (high temperature heat storage section) 21, an expansion side heat exchanger 16, and a low temperature heat medium tank (low temperature heat storage section) 22. These are fluidly circulated and connected by the heat medium pipes 20a and 20b, and the heat medium flows inside the heat medium pipes 20a and 20b. The type of heat medium is not particularly limited, and for example, mineral oil or glycol-based heat medium can be used.

In the compression side heat exchanger 15, heat is generated by the compressed air in the air pipe 10b extending from the compressor 11 to the accumulator tank 12 and the heat medium in the heat medium pipe 20a extending from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21. It is replaced, specifically, the compressed air is cooled and the heat medium is heated. That is, the compression side heat exchanger 15 recovers the compression heat generated by the compressor 11 in the heat medium. A compression side heat medium pump (compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit) 24 is provided in the heat medium pipe 20a extending from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21, and is heated by the compression side heat exchanger 15. The heat medium is sent to the high temperature heat medium tank 21 through the heat medium pipe 20a by the compression side heat medium pump 24. The compression side heat medium pump 24 can adjust the flow rate of the heat medium to be sent out by changing the rotation speed. Preferably, by setting an upper limit value at this rotation speed, the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the compression side heat medium pump 24 is kept within a predetermined range. By defining the upper limit of the heat medium flow rate in the compression side heat medium pump 24 in this way, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the compression side heat medium pump 24. In particular, it is effective to set an upper limit value for the number of revolutions in terms of preventing cavitation.

The high-temperature heat medium tank 21 is, for example, a steel tank, and stores the high-temperature heat medium heated by the compression side heat exchanger 15. Preferably, from the viewpoint of preventing the loss of heat energy, the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is surrounded by a heat insulating material that is insulated from the atmosphere. A high-temperature heat medium amount sensor 21a such as a liquid level gauge or a liquid level sensor is attached to the high-temperature heat medium tank 21, and the high-temperature heat medium amount inside can be measured. The heat medium stored in the high-temperature heat medium tank 21 is supplied to the expansion side heat exchanger 16 through the heat medium pipe 20b.

In the expansion side heat exchanger 16, heat is generated by the compressed air in the air pipe 10c extending from the accumulator tank 12 to the expander 13 and the heat medium in the heat medium pipe 20b extending from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22. It is replaced and, in particular, heated compressed air to cool the heat medium. That is, in the expansion side heat exchanger 16, the heat recovered from the compressed air by the compression side heat exchanger 15 is returned to the compressed air again. As a result, it is possible to prevent the compressed air from radiating heat in the accumulator tank 12, and it is possible to reduce energy loss. Further, the heat medium pipe 20b extending from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is provided with an expansion side heat medium pump (expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit) 23, and the expansion side heat exchanger 16 is provided. The cooled heat medium is sent to the low temperature heat medium tank 22 through the heat medium pipe 20b by the expansion side heat medium pump 23. The expansion side heat medium pump 23 can adjust the flow rate of the heat medium to be sent out by changing the rotation speed. Preferably, by setting an upper limit value for this rotation speed, the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the expansion side heat medium pump 23 is kept within a predetermined range. By defining the upper limit of the heat medium flow rate in the expansion side heat medium pump 23 in this way, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the expansion side heat medium pump 23. In particular, it is effective to set an upper limit value for the number of revolutions in terms of preventing cavitation.

The low-temperature heat medium tank 22 is, for example, a steel tank, and stores the low-temperature heat medium cooled by the expansion side heat exchanger 16.

The control device 30 is constructed by hardware including a storage device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a ROM (Read Only Memory), and software implemented therein. The control device 30 receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor 12a and the high temperature heat medium amount from the high temperature heat medium amount sensor 21a, and controls the rotation speeds of the compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 23, respectively. ..

FIG. 2 shows a control block diagram of the control device 30.

The control device 30 includes an air filling ratio calculation unit 31 and a high temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 32. The air filling ratio calculation unit 31 calculates the air filling ratio Pr, which is the ratio of the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor 12a to the allowable pressure P0 of the accumulator tank 12 (Pr = 100 × P / P0 [%]). The high-temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 32 calculates the high-temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr, which is the filling ratio of the high-temperature heat medium amount H measured by the high-temperature heat medium amount sensor 21a with respect to the allowable storage amount H0 of the high-temperature heat medium tank 21 (Hr. = 100 × H / H0 [%]).

Further, the control device includes a compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 and an expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34. The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 controls the compression side heat medium pump 24 based on the air filling ratio Pr and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr. The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34 also controls the expansion side heat medium pump 23 based on the air filling ratio Pr and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr. This control is performed so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in each part of the heat medium line 20, and specifically, it is performed as in the following three cases.

First, when the difference between the air filling ratio Pr and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr is within a predetermined range (D2 <Pr-Hr <D1), the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is filled with an appropriate amount of high temperature heat medium. Judge that it is, and perform normal operation.

In the above normal operation, the rotation speed R1 of the compression side heat medium pump 24 and the rotation speed R2 of the expansion side heat medium pump 23 are based on the input power W1 and the generated power W2 according to the following equations (1) and (2). And are in control. Note that this control according to the equations (1) and (2) shows an example when the normal operation is performed based on the input power W1 and the generated power W2, and the normal operation is limited to this control only. It's not something. This also applies to the control according to the following mathematical formulas.

Ｗ１ｍａｘ：最大入力電力
Ｗ２ｍａｘ：最大発電電力
Ｒ１ｍａｘ：圧縮側熱媒ポンプの最大回転数
Ｒ１ｍｉｎ：圧縮側熱媒ポンプの最小回転数
Ｒ２ｍａｘ：膨張側熱媒ポンプの最大回転数
Ｒ２ｍｉｎ：膨張側熱媒ポンプの最小回転数

W1max: Maximum input power W2max: Maximum power generation power R1max: Maximum rotation speed of compression side heat medium pump R1min: Minimum rotation speed of compression side heat medium pump R2max: Maximum rotation speed of expansion side heat medium pump R2min: Maximum rotation speed of expansion side heat medium pump Minimum number of revolutions

Secondly, the control when the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D1 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D1) will be described. When the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D1 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D1), it means that the high temperature heat medium is insufficient in the high temperature heat medium tank 21. At this time, the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34 reduces the rotation speed of the expansion side heat medium pump 23 and reduces the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium pump 23. Thereby, the amount of the high temperature heat medium flowing out from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 can be reduced. Further, the compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 increases the rotation speed of the compression side heat medium pump 24 and increases the flow rate of the compression side heat medium pump 24. Thereby, the amount of the high temperature heat medium flowing into the high temperature heat medium tank 21 can be increased. For example, such control can be expressed as the following equations (3) and (4), where K1 is a constant less than 1 and K2 is a constant greater than 1.

Thirdly, the control when the air filling ratio Pr is smaller than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D2 or more (Pr-Hr ≦ D2) will be described. When the air filling ratio Pr is smaller than the predetermined value D2 or more than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr (Pr−Hr ≦ D2), it means that the high temperature heat medium is surplus in the high temperature heat medium tank 21. At this time, the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34 increases the rotation speed of the expansion side heat medium pump 23 and increases the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium pump 23. Thereby, the amount of the high temperature heat medium flowing out from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 can be reduced. Further, the compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 reduces the rotation speed of the compression side heat medium pump 24 and reduces the flow rate of the compression side heat medium pump 24. Thereby, the amount of the high temperature heat medium flowing into the high temperature heat medium tank 21 can be reduced. For example, such control can be expressed as the following equations (5) and (6), where K3 is a constant greater than 1 and K4 is a constant less than 1.

According to the CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment, there are the following advantages.

(1) The amount of compressed air stored in order to control the compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 23 based on the pressure of the accumulator tank 12 and suppress the excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line 20. And the balance of heat medium amount can be maintained. As a result, it is possible to avoid a state in which the amount of heat medium is excessive or insufficient with respect to the amount of compressed air stored. Specifically, when the compressed air is stored in the accumulator tank 12 in a small amount, the compressed air supplied to the expansion side heat exchanger 16 is also limited to a small amount, so that the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is small. On the other hand, when a large amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator tank 12, the amount of compressed air supplied to the expansion side heat exchanger 16 can also be large, so that a large amount of high-temperature heat medium is required. Further, when only a small amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, the compressor discharge temperature is not high, so that the required amount of low-temperature heat medium flow rate is small. On the other hand, when a large amount of compressed air is stored in the accumulator, when the compressor is operated, the discharge temperature of the compressor tends to rise, so that a large amount of low-temperature heat medium is required. As described above, since the required amounts of the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium fluctuate according to the amount of air in the accumulator tank 12, the required amount of heat medium can be appropriately secured according to the amount of air in the accumulator tank 12. Stable operation is possible for a longer time.

(2) The compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 23 are controlled based on the air filling ratio Pr and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium flow rate of the heat medium line 20. Therefore, the balance between the amount of compressed air stored and the amount of high-temperature heat medium can be maintained.

(3) A required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the high-temperature heat medium tank 21. When the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D1 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D1), the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium pump 23 to reduce the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the expansion side heat exchanger 16, the high temperature heat in the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is reduced. The rate of decrease in the amount of medium can be reduced.

(4) A required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the high-temperature heat medium tank 21. When the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D1 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D1), the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium pump 24 to increase the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the compression side heat exchanger 15 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21, the high temperature heat in the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is increased. The rate of increase in the amount of medium can be increased.

(5) It is possible to prevent the excess amount of the high temperature heat medium from being stored in the high temperature heat medium tank 21. When the air filling ratio Pr is smaller than the predetermined value D2 or more than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr (Pr−Hr ≦ D2), the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium pump 23 to increase the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the expansion side heat exchanger 16, the high temperature heat in the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is increased. The rate of decrease in the amount of medium can be increased. Since the heat medium line 20 has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

(6) It is possible to prevent the excess amount of the high temperature heat medium from being stored in the high temperature heat medium tank 21. When the air filling ratio Pr is smaller than the predetermined value D2 or more than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr (Pr−Hr ≦ D2), the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium pump 24 to reduce the amount of the high temperature heat medium supplied from the compression side heat exchanger 15 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21, the high temperature heat in the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is reduced. The rate of increase in the amount of medium can be reduced. Since the heat medium line 20 has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

(Second Embodiment)
In the CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an auxiliary heat exchanger 27 is provided in the configuration of the sensor system and the heat medium pipe 20a between the low temperature heat medium tank 22 and the compression side heat medium pump 24. Is different from the first embodiment. Except for the configuration related to this, the configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the CAES power generation device 1 of the first embodiment. Further, in the first embodiment, the control is performed based on the high temperature heat medium amount, but in the present embodiment, the control is performed based on the low temperature heat medium amount. Therefore, the same parts as those shown in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, a low-temperature heat medium amount sensor 22a such as a liquid level gauge or a liquid level sensor is attached to the low-temperature heat medium tank 22, and the internal low-temperature heat medium amount can be measured. Further, when there is a possibility that the heat medium flows in the compression side heat exchanger 15 at a high temperature and interferes with the heat exchange, the temperature adjusting function can be added by providing the auxiliary heat exchanger 27. By exchanging heat with the cooling water in the auxiliary heat exchanger 27 in advance, the temperature of the heat medium on the inlet side of the compression side heat exchanger 15 can be adjusted to, for example, about room temperature. The auxiliary heat exchanger 27 can be provided as needed.

The control device 30 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 receives the pressure value from the pressure sensor 12a and the low temperature heat medium amount from the low temperature heat medium amount sensor 22a, and receives the compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 24. Each of the 23 rotation speeds is controlled.

The control device 30 includes an air margin ratio calculation unit 35 and a low temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 36. The air margin ratio calculation unit 35 calculates the air filling ratio Pr, which is the ratio of the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor 12a to the allowable pressure P0 of the accumulator tank 12 (Pr = 100 × P / P0 [%]), and further 100. The air margin ratio ΔPr obtained by subtracting the air filling ratio Pr from% is calculated (ΔPr = 100-Pr). More simply, the air margin ratio ΔPr is a ratio value indicating how much compressed air can be further stored in the accumulator tank 12 from the current state. Further, the low temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 36 calculates the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr, which is the filling ratio of the heat medium amount C measured by the low temperature heat medium amount sensor 22a with respect to the allowable storage amount C0 of the low temperature heat medium tank 22. (Cr = 100 × C / C0 [%]).

Further, the control device includes a compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 and an expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34, as in the first embodiment. The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 controls the compression side heat medium pump 24 based on the air margin ratio ΔPr and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr. The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 34 also controls the expansion side heat medium pump 23 based on the air margin ratio ΔPr and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr. This control is performed so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in each part of the heat medium line 20, and specifically, it is performed as in the following three cases.

First, when the difference between the air margin ratio ΔPr and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr is within a predetermined range (d2 <Pr-Cr <d1), the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is filled with an appropriate amount of low temperature heat medium. Judge that it is, and perform normal operation. The control of normal operation can be the same as that of the first embodiment.

Secondly, the control when the air margin ratio ΔPr is larger than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d1 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≧ d1) will be described. When the air surplus ratio? Pr is larger than the predetermined value d1 than the low temperature thermal medium filling rate Cr is (ΔPr-Cr ≧ d1), it is when the low temperature heat medium to the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is insufficient. At this time, the expansion-side heating-medium flow rate control unit 34 increases the rotational speed of the expander side refrigerant pump 23, increasing the flow rate of the expansion-side heat medium pump 23. Thereby, the amount of the low temperature heat medium flowing into the low temperature heat medium tank 22 can be increased. The compression-side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 reduces the rotational speed of the compression-side refrigerant pump 24, reducing the flow rate of the compressed-side refrigerant pump 24. Thereby, the amount of the low temperature heat medium flowing out from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 can be reduced. For example, such control can be expressed as the following equations (7) and (8), where k1 is a constant less than 1 and k2 is a constant greater than 1.

Thirdly, the control when the air margin ratio ΔPr is smaller than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d2 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≦ d2) will be described. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is smaller than the predetermined value d2 or more than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr (ΔPr−Cr ≦ d2), the low temperature heat medium is surplus in the low temperature heat medium tank 22. At this time, the expansion-side heat medium flow control unit 34 reduces the rotational speed of the expander side refrigerant pump 23, reducing the flow rate of the expansion-side heat medium pump 23. As a result, the amount of the low temperature heat medium flowing into the low temperature heat medium tank 22 can be reduced. The compression-side heat medium flow rate control unit 33 increases the rotational speed of the compression-side refrigerant pump 24, increasing the flow rate of the compressed-side refrigerant pump 24. Thereby, the amount of the low temperature heat medium flowing out from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 can be increased . For example, such control can be expressed as the following equations (9) and (10), where k3 is a constant greater than 1 and k4 is a constant less than 1.

According to the CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment, there are the following advantages.

(1) The compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 23 are controlled based on the air margin ratio ΔPr and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium flow rate of the heat medium line 20. Therefore, the balance between the amount of compressed air stored and the amount of low-temperature heat medium can be maintained.

(2) A required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the low-temperature heat medium tank 22. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is larger than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d1 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≧ d1), the required amount of the low temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium pump 24 to reduce the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the compression side heat exchanger 15, the low temperature heat in the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is reduced. The rate of decrease in the amount of medium can be reduced.

(3) A required amount of high-temperature heat medium can be secured in the low-temperature heat medium tank 22. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is larger than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d1 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≧ d1), the required amount of the low temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium pump 23 to increase the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the expansion side heat exchanger 16 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22, the low temperature heat in the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is increased. The rate of increase in the amount of medium can be increased.

(4) It is possible to prevent storing an excess amount of the low temperature heat medium in the low temperature heat medium tank 22. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is smaller than the predetermined value d2 or more than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr (ΔPr−Cr ≦ d2), the required amount of the low temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the compression side heat medium pump 24 to increase the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the compression side heat exchanger 15, the low temperature heat in the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is increased. The rate of decrease in the amount of medium can be increased. Since the heat medium line 20 has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

(5) It is possible to prevent the excess amount of heat medium from being stored in the low temperature heat medium tank 22. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is smaller than the predetermined value d2 or more than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr (ΔPr−Cr ≦ d2), the required amount of the low temperature heat medium is small. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the expansion side heat medium pump 23 to reduce the amount of the low temperature heat medium supplied from the expansion side heat exchanger 16 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22, the low temperature heat in the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is reduced. The rate of increase in the amount of medium can be reduced. Since the heat medium line 20 has a circulation structure, the heat medium can be supplied to the necessary places by suppressing the excess parts of the heat medium.

(Third Embodiment)
The CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the first embodiment in that a bypass structure is provided between the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22. Except for the configuration related to this, the configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the CAES power generation device 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those shown in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, a bypass pipe 25 for fluidly connecting the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is provided. The bypass pipe 25 cools the bypass valve 25a that allows or blocks the flow of the heat medium in the bypass pipe 25, the bypass pump 25b that flows the heat medium in the bypass pipe 25, and the heat medium in the bypass pipe 25. A cooler 25c is provided.

The control device 30 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6 opens the bypass valve 25a and opens the bypass pump 25b when the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D3 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D3). A first bypass control unit 37 that is driven and supplies heat medium from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21 is provided. Here, the predetermined value D3 is a numerical value larger than the predetermined value D1 of the first embodiment (D3> D1). The meaning of this control is that when the excess or deficiency of the heat medium of the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22 cannot be suppressed only by controlling the two pumps 23 and 24, the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium are By directly exchanging the heat medium with the tank 22, the excess or deficiency of the heat medium is surely suppressed.

According to the CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment, a required amount of heat medium can be secured in the high temperature heat medium tank 21. When the air filling ratio Pr is larger than the high temperature heat medium filling ratio Hr by a predetermined value D3 or more (Pr−Hr ≧ D3), the required amount of the high temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the bypass valve 25a and the bypass pump 25b to supply the heat medium from the low temperature heat medium tank 22 to the high temperature heat medium tank 21, the amount of heat medium in the high temperature heat medium tank 21 can be increased.

(Fourth Embodiment)
The CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is different from the second embodiment in that a bypass structure is provided between the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22. Except for the configuration related to this, the configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the CAES power generation device 1 of the second embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those shown in the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, a bypass pipe 26 for fluidly connecting the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is provided. The bypass pipe 26 heats the bypass valve 26a that allows or blocks the flow of the heat medium in the bypass pipe 26, the bypass pump 26b that allows the heat medium in the bypass pipe 26 to flow, and the heat medium in the bypass pipe 26. A heater 26c is provided.

The control device 30 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8 opens the bypass valve 26a and opens the bypass pump 26b when the air margin ratio ΔPr is larger than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d3 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≧ d3). A second bypass control unit 38 that is driven and supplies heat medium from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22 is provided. Here, the predetermined value d3 is a numerical value larger than the predetermined value d1 of the first embodiment (d3> d1). The meaning of this control is that when the excess or deficiency of the heat medium of the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium tank 22 cannot be suppressed only by controlling the two pumps 23 and 24, the high temperature heat medium tank 21 and the low temperature heat medium are By directly exchanging the heat medium with the tank 22, the excess or deficiency of the heat medium is surely suppressed.

According to the CAES power generation device 1 of the present embodiment, a required amount of heat medium can be secured in the low temperature heat medium tank 22. When the air margin ratio ΔPr is larger than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio Cr by a predetermined value d3 or more (ΔPr−Cr ≧ d3), it means that the required amount of the low temperature heat medium is large. Therefore, at this time, by controlling the bypass valve 26a and the bypass pump 26b to supply the heat medium from the high temperature heat medium tank 21 to the low temperature heat medium tank 22, the amount of heat medium in the low temperature heat medium tank 22 can be increased.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention and variations thereof have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, an embodiment of the present invention may be obtained by appropriately combining the contents of the individual embodiments.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the flow rate of the heat medium is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speeds of the compression side heat medium pump 24 and the expansion side heat medium pump 23, but a mechanism for adjusting the flow rate of the heat medium ( The compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit and the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit) are not limited to this. For example, a flow rate adjusting valve may be provided for a pump having a constant rotation speed, and the flow rate of the heat medium may be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the air filling ratio is calculated based on the pressure in the accumulator tank 12, but the calculation of the air filling ratio is not limited to the one based on the pressure. For example, flow rate sensors are installed upstream and downstream of the accumulator tank 12 in the air flow, and the air storage amount of the accumulator tank 12 is calculated from the difference between the amount of air flowing into the accumulator tank 12 and the amount of air flowing out, and based on this. The air filling ratio may be calculated.

1 Compressed air storage power generation device (CAES power generation device)
2 Power plant 3 Demand destination 10 Air line 10a-10d Air piping 11 Compressor 11a Intake port 11b Discharge port 12 Accumulation tank (accumulation part)
12a Pressure sensor (air volume sensor)
13 Expander 13a Air supply port 13b Exhaust port 14 Motor (motor)
15 Compression side heat exchanger 16 Expansion side heat exchanger 17 Valve 18 Generator 20 Heat medium line 20a to 20d Heat medium piping 21 High temperature heat medium tank (high temperature heat storage section)
21a High temperature heat medium amount sensor 22 Low temperature heat medium tank (low temperature heat storage unit)
22a Low temperature heat medium amount sensor 23 Expansion side heat medium pump (expansion side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit)
24 Compression side heat medium pump (compression side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit)
25 Bypass piping 25a Bypass valve 25b Bypass pump 25c Cooler 26 Bypass piping 26a Bypass valve 26b Bypass pump 26c Heater 27 Auxiliary heat exchanger 30 Control device 31 Air filling ratio calculation unit 32 High temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 33 Compression side heat medium flow rate Control unit 34 Expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit 35 Air margin ratio calculation unit 36 Low temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit 37 1st bypass control unit 38 2nd bypass control unit

Claims (14)

An air line that takes in, compresses, accumulates, and discharges air,
A heat medium line that circulates a heat medium that exchanges heat with air,
A compressed air storage power generation device including a control device for controlling the flow rate of the heat medium in the heat medium line.
The air line
An electric motor driven by input power and
A compressor that sucks and compresses air by being driven by the electric motor,
A pressure accumulator that stores compressed air discharged from the compressor,
An air amount sensor for measuring the stored amount of the compressed air in the accumulator, and
An expander driven by compressed air supplied from the accumulator and
It is equipped with a generator that generates electricity by being driven by the expander.
The heat medium line is
A compression side heat exchanger that cools the compressed air and heats the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the compressor to the accumulator and the heat medium.
A high-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium heated by the compression side heat exchanger,
An expansion side heat exchanger that heats the compressed air and cools the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the pressure accumulator to the expander and the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit. When,
A low-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium cooled by the expansion side heat exchanger,
A compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger.
It is provided with an expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger.
The control device
A compression side heat medium flow rate control unit that controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor.
Compressed with an expansion side heat medium flow control unit that controls the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit so as to suppress excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor. Air storage power generation device. A high-temperature heat-medium amount sensor for measuring the amount of heat-medium in the high-temperature heat storage unit is further provided.
The control device
A high-temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit that calculates the high-temperature heat medium filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the heat medium amount measured by the high-temperature heat medium amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the high-temperature heat storage unit.
Further provided with an air filling ratio calculation unit for calculating the air filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the air amount measured by the air amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the pressure accumulating unit.
The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air filling ratio and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio.
The compressed air storage power generation according to claim 1, wherein the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit also controls the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air filling ratio and the high temperature heat medium filling ratio. apparatus. The compressed air storage according to claim 2, wherein the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit reduces the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio. Power generator. The second or third aspect, wherein the compression side heat medium flow rate control unit increases the flow rate of the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio. Compressed air storage power generation equipment. Any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit increases the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is smaller than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio. The compressed air storage power generation device according to item 1. Any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the compressed side heat medium flow rate control unit reduces the flow rate of the compressed side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air filling ratio is smaller than a predetermined value by the high temperature heat medium filling ratio. The compressed air storage power generation device according to item 1. Further provided with a low temperature heat medium amount sensor for measuring the heat medium amount in the low temperature heat storage unit,
The control device
A low-temperature heat medium filling ratio calculation unit that calculates the low-temperature heat medium filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the heat medium amount measured by the low-temperature heat medium amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the low-temperature heat storage unit.
The air margin ratio calculation unit that calculates the air filling ratio, which is the filling ratio of the air amount measured by the air amount sensor with respect to the allowable storage amount of the pressure accumulator, and calculates the air margin ratio obtained by subtracting the air filling ratio from 100%. And further prepared,
The compression side heat medium flow rate control unit controls the compression side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air margin ratio and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio.
The compressed air storage power generation according to claim 1, wherein the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit also controls the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjustment unit based on the difference between the air margin ratio and the low temperature heat medium filling ratio. apparatus. The compressed air storage power generation according to claim 7, wherein the compressed air flow rate control unit reduces the flow rate of the compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air margin ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the low temperature heat medium filling ratio. apparatus. The expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit increases the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air margin ratio is larger than a predetermined value by a predetermined amount or more than the low temperature heat medium filling ratio, according to claim 7 or 8. Compressed air storage power generation equipment. Any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the compressed side heat medium flow rate control unit increases the flow rate of the compressed side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air margin ratio is smaller than a predetermined value by the low temperature heat medium filling ratio. The compressed air storage power generation device according to item 1. Any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the expansion side heat medium flow rate control unit reduces the flow rate of the expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit when the air margin ratio is smaller than a predetermined value by the low temperature heat medium filling ratio. The compressed air storage power generation device according to item 1. A bypass pipe that directly fluidly connects the low-temperature heat storage unit and the high-temperature heat storage unit,
A bypass pump that allows the heat medium in the bypass pipe to flow,
Further provided with a bypass valve that allows or blocks the flow of heat medium in the bypass pipe.
The control device
When the air filling ratio is larger than the high temperature heat storage filling ratio by a predetermined value or more, the first bypass control that opens the bypass valve, drives the bypass pump, and supplies the heat medium from the low temperature heat storage unit to the high temperature heat storage unit. The compressed air storage power generation device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a unit. A bypass pipe that directly fluidly connects the low-temperature heat storage unit and the high-temperature heat storage unit,
A bypass pump that allows the heat medium in the bypass pipe to flow,
Further provided with a bypass valve that allows or blocks the flow of heat medium in the bypass pipe.
The control device
When the air margin ratio is larger than a predetermined value by the low temperature heat storage charge ratio, the bypass valve is opened, the bypass pump is driven, and the second bypass control for supplying the heat medium from the high temperature heat storage unit to the low temperature heat storage unit is performed. The compressed air storage power generation device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, further comprising a unit. An air line that takes in, compresses, accumulates, and discharges air,
A heat medium line that circulates a heat medium that exchanges heat with air,
It is a compressed air storage power generation method of a compressed air storage power generation device including.
The air line
An electric motor driven by input power and
A compressor that sucks and compresses air by being driven by the electric motor,
A pressure accumulator that stores compressed air discharged from the compressor,
An air amount sensor for measuring the stored amount of the compressed air in the accumulator, and
An expander driven by compressed air supplied from the accumulator and
It is equipped with a generator that generates electricity by being driven by the expander.
The heat medium line is
A compression side heat exchanger that cools the compressed air and heats the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the compressor to the accumulator and the heat medium.
A high-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium heated by the compression side heat exchanger,
An expansion side heat exchanger that heats the compressed air and cools the heat medium by exchanging heat between the compressed air flowing from the pressure accumulator to the expander and the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit. When,
A low-temperature heat storage unit that stores the heat medium cooled by the expansion side heat exchanger,
A compression side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the low temperature heat storage unit to the compression side heat exchanger.
It is provided with an expansion side heat medium flow rate adjusting unit that controls the flow rate of the heat medium supplied from the high temperature heat storage unit to the expansion side heat exchanger.
Based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor, the excess or deficiency of the heat medium in the heat medium line is suppressed.
A compressed air storage power generation method that suppresses excess or deficiency of heat medium in the heat medium line based on the amount of air measured by the air amount sensor.

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