JP6777876B2 - Vehicle seat - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle seat provided with at least a seat cushion and a seat back, and more particularly to a vehicle seat capable of transmitting vibration to an occupant seated on the seat cushion.

As a vehicle seat provided with a seat cushion and a seat back, a vehicle seat having a built-in vibrator in the seat back that gives vibration for massage to a occupant seated on the seat cushion is generally known (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

Here, in the vehicle seat described in Patent Document 1, upper and lower reinforcing frames are hung on the left and right with respect to the seat back frame constituting the skeleton of the seat back, and the frame body is attached to the upper and lower reinforcing frames by a clip or the like. It is attached and the vibrator is held in this frame via a spring member.

Jitsukaisho 61-196741

By the way, in the vehicle seat described in Patent Document 1, the frame body supports the occupant, but the vibrator (vibration unit) is held by the frame body via the spring member, so that the vibration of the vibrator is not generated. , There is a possibility that it will be absorbed by the spring member before it is transmitted to the frame body, and there is a concern that the vibration transmission effect on the occupant is low.
In addition, there is a problem that the number of parts increases by using a dedicated spring member for attaching the vibrator to the frame body.

Further, if the vibration unit interferes with the surrounding members, an abnormal noise may be generated or the occupant may feel a sense of discomfort. Therefore, it is desired to prevent the vibration unit from interfering with the surrounding members.

The present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and aims to provide a vehicle seat which has as possible out to efficiently transmit the desired vibrations to an occupant sitting on the seat cushion ..

The vehicle seat of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problems is a vehicle seat provided with at least a seat cushion and a seat back, and the vehicle seat is arranged in a frame constituting a skeleton and inside the frame. A pressure-receiving member that extends in the left-right direction and extends in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the left-right direction, a support wire that elastically supports the pressure-receiving member on the frame, the frame, and the frame. The pressure receiving member has a covering member that covers the pressure receiving member, the pressure receiving member has a first holding portion that engages with the support wire, and the pressure receiving member has a vibration unit that is aligned with the first holding portion in the orthogonal direction. There characterized in that that will be attached.

In the vehicle seat according to the present invention, a vibration unit is attached to a pressure receiving member to which a sufficient pressure from the occupant is applied, which is configured to receive a load from the occupant and sink the occupant into the vehicle seat. .. Therefore, when the vibration unit operates while the occupant seated on the seat cushion is supported by the pressure receiving member, the vibration generated by the vibration unit is directly transmitted to the entire pressure receiving member that receives the load from the occupant and is covered from the pressure receiving member. Ru is efficiently transferred to the occupant via the member.
The covering member of the present invention includes a cushion pad, a skin provided on the outside of the cushion pad, a back cover covering the back side of the seat, and the like.

Further, in the above-described configuration, the first holding portion may be formed on the surface of the pressure receiving member opposite to the occupant .

Further, in the above-described configuration, the pressure receiving member is a second holding portion that engages with the support wire, and has two second holding portions arranged on both sides in the left-right direction of the first holding portion. In the orthogonal direction, the first holding portion may be separated from the vibration unit by the second holding portion .

Further, in the above-described configuration, the pressure receiving member may have a bead, and the bead may be arranged on the same side as the vibration unit with respect to the first holding portion in the orthogonal direction .

Further, in the above-described configuration, the pressure receiving member may have an accommodating recess for accommodating the vibration unit, and the bottom portion of the accommodating recess may be located at a position farther from the occupant than the first holding portion. ..

Further, in the above-described configuration, a mounting bracket for mounting the vibration unit to the pressure receiving member and a cover plate covering the accommodating recess are provided, and the mounting bracket and the cover plate are co-tightened to the pressure receiving member. You may be.
Further, in the above-described configuration, the pressure receiving member has two holes on both sides of the first holding portion in the left-right direction, and the vibration unit is arranged at a position different from the two holes in the left-right direction. You may be.

In the present invention, when the vibration unit operates while the occupant seated on the seat cushion is supported by the pressure receiving member, the vibration generated by the vibration unit is directly transmitted to the entire pressure receiving member, and the vibration generated by the vibration unit is directly transmitted from the pressure receiving member to the entire pressure receiving member via the covering member. It is efficiently transmitted to the occupants. Therefore, according to the present invention, Ru can be efficiently transmitted to the desired vibration the vibration unit to generate the occupant seated on the seat cushion.

It is a perspective view of the vehicle seat which shows one Embodiment of the vehicle seat which concerns on this invention. It is a front side perspective view of the seat cushion frame and the seat back frame built in the vehicle seat shown in FIG. It is a rear view of the seat back frame shown in FIG. It is a front side perspective view of the pressure receiving member shown in FIG. It is a back side perspective view of the pressure receiving member shown in FIG. It is an exploded perspective view seen from the front side of the pressure receiving member and the 2nd cover member shown in FIG. It is an enlarged perspective view of the vibration unit shown in FIG. As a modification of the vehicle seat of one embodiment, it is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a vibration unit vertically attached to the back surface of a pressure receiving member and a first cover member when viewed from the left side. It is a partially enlarged perspective view which shows the vibration unit and the 1st cover member shown in FIG. 8 when viewed from the right side. As another modification of the vehicle seat of one embodiment, it is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a vibration unit and a first cover member laterally attached to the back surface of the pressure receiving member when viewed from the right side.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicle seat according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The vehicle seat of one embodiment is configured as a vehicle seat S arranged in the driver's seat of an automobile, for example, as shown in FIG. The vehicle seat S includes a seat cushion S1, a seat back S2, and a headrest S3 in which a cushion pad made of a cushion material such as urethane foam is covered with a skin such as synthetic leather or cloth. The cushion pad, the skin, and the back cover of the skin that covers the back surface of the vehicle seat S are examples of the covering members. In the following description, the front-rear and left-right directions are assumed to be a state in which the occupant is seated on the seat cushion S1 and are the directions viewed from the occupant.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seat cushion S1 incorporates a seat cushion frame F1 constituting the skeleton, and the seat back S2 incorporates a seat back frame F2 constituting the skeleton. Although not shown, the headrest S3 also has a built-in headrest frame constituting its skeleton.

The seat cushion frame F1 is press-molded into a substantially U shape with the rear portion open in a plan view, and has a plate-shaped front frame 11 at the front portion. The rear portions of the cushion side frames 12 and 12 extending rearward from the left and right portions of the front frame 11 are connected to the left and right via a rear connecting pipe 13. Then, four seat cushion springs 14 are stretched side by side between the rear connecting pipe 13 and the front frame 11. Such a seat cushion frame F1 is provided on the floor of the driver's seat with adjustable position in the front-rear direction via a slide rail SL.

On the other hand, the seat back frame F2 is welded with the upper pipe frame 21 formed by bending the pipe material into an inverted U shape with the lower part open in the front view and the left and right lower parts of the upper pipe frame 21. It has left and right backside frames 22 and 22 which are connected to each other, and a lower frame 23 which connects between the lower ends of the backside frames 22 and 22, and is framed by a vertically long rectangle. Then, the lower portion of the seat back frame F2 is rotatably connected to the rear ends of the left and right cushion side frames 12 and 12 of the seat cushion frame F1 via the reclining unit RU, whereby the seat back is rotatably connected. The frame F2 can be tilted back and forth.

On the horizontal portion of the upper part of the upper pipe frame 21 of the seat back frame F2, a pair of left and right support brackets 24 for mounting a pair of left and right headrest stays (reference numerals omitted) protruding from the lower part of the headrest S3 shown in FIG. 24 is fixed by welding. Further, a reinforcing member 25 is erected above the pressure receiving member 30 between the upper parts of the left and right vertical portions of the upper frame 21. The reinforcing member 25 is formed by bending the rod into a symmetrical shape substantially along the plane of the seat back frame F2.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, inside the frame-shaped seat back frame F2, a pressure receiving member 30 for elastically supporting the upper body of the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 so as to be able to move backward and move backward. Is placed. Then, in order to elastically support the pressure receiving member 30 in the front-rear direction, an upper support wire 26 is stretched between the lower portions of the left and right vertical portions of the upper frame 21, and between the left and right back side frames 22 and 22. The lower support wire 27 is stretched. The upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 are linear members obtained by bending a wire such as a piano wire having spring elasticity into a symmetrical shape substantially along the plane of the seat back frame F2. Here, it is desirable to provide the upper support wire 26 or the lower support wire 27 in a curved manner so as to be separated from the vibration unit 50 because the mounting workability of the upper support wire 26, the lower support wire 27, or the vibration unit 50 is improved.

The left and right ends of the upper support wire 26 are bent downward so as to be along the left and right vertical portions of the upper frame 21. The left and right ends of the upper support wire 26 are attached to the left and right vertical portions of the upper frame 21 while being held by the support tongue pieces 28 and 28 welded and fixed to the left and right vertical portions of the upper frame 21, respectively. It is connected and supported. The upper support wire 26 has an intermediate portion that supports the pressure receiving member 30 lower than both ends connected and supported by the left and right support tongue pieces 28, 28, and the support portions 26A, on both sides of the intermediate portion. The support portion 26B at the center of the 26A is bent in a chevron shape in the vertical direction so as to be at a higher position.

The left and right ends of the lower support wire 27 are connected to toggle support mechanisms (only the right side is shown in FIG. 2) 40 installed on the inner side surfaces of the left and right backside frames 22 and 22, respectively. The lower support wire 27 has an intermediate portion that supports the pressure receiving member 30 at a lower position than both ends connected to the toggle support mechanism 40, and supports the intermediate portion at the center of the support portions 27A and 27A on both sides. The portion 27B is bent in a chevron shape in the vertical direction so as to be in a low position.

The toggle support mechanism 40 is provided with a swing link member that can swing backward while resisting the tension of the tension coil spring and overcoming a thought point (a point where it is not determined in which direction the mechanism moves). The left and right ends of the lower support wire 27 are connected to the swing link member. Here, the tension of the tension coil spring of the toggle support mechanism 40 allows the swing link member to overcome the thought point and swing backward when a backward moving load of a predetermined value or more is applied to both ends of the lower support wire 27. The tension is set to an appropriate level.

Here, the pressure receiving member 30 is a resin plate member for elastically supporting the upper body of the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 so as to be elastically retractable, and has a shape as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example. That is, it is formed into a substantially pentagonal shape with the apex facing downward. On the rear surface (back surface) of the pressure receiving member 30, hook-shaped holding portions 30A and 30A that engage with the left and right support portions 26A and 26A of the upper support wire 26 shown in FIG. 3 from above, and the upper support wire 26 A hook-shaped holding portion 30B that engages with the central support portion 26B from below is integrally formed. Similarly, on the rear surface (back surface) of the pressure receiving member 30, hook-shaped holding portions 30C and 30C that engage with the left and right support portions 27A and 27A of the lower support wire 27 shown in FIG. 3 from above, and the lower support wire. A hook-shaped holding portion 30D that engages with the central support portion 27B of 27 from below is integrally formed.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the pressure receiving member 30 is integrally formed with a housing recess 30E for housing the vibration unit 50. The accommodating recess 30E opens to the front surface (front surface) of the pressure receiving member 30 and bulges to the rear surface (rear surface), and the shape of the front view is a horizontally long rectangle. A nut N as a mounting member for mounting the mounting bracket 54, which will be described later, is insert-molded and embedded in the four corners of the rectangular opening of the accommodating recess 30E of the pressure receiving member 30. The bottom portion of the accommodating recess 30E functions as a first cover member (interference suppressing member), and suppresses interference between the vibration unit 50 and the cushion pad covering the rear side of the seat back frame F2 and the vibration unit 50. ing.

The vibration unit 50 includes a drive motor (actuator) 51, a vibration weight 53 attached to the rotating shaft 52 of the drive motor 51, and a mounting bracket 54 attached to the drive motor 51. The vibrating weight 53 is formed by stacking a plurality of fan-shaped plates and integrating them into a front-view fan-shaped block, and by attaching the rotating shaft 52 at a position eccentric from the center of gravity, the rotating shaft 52 rotates. Along with this, vibration of a predetermined frequency is generated. The vibration generated by the vibration unit 50 can be set to an appropriate frequency that gives a massage effect, an awakening effect, or the like to the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 by changing the rotation speed of the drive motor 51. The controller that controls the operation of the vibration unit 50 can be installed, for example, in the driver's seat in front of the vehicle seat S.

The mounting bracket 54 has bolt insertion holes 54A that match at least three nuts N among the four nuts N of the pressure receiving member 30 shown in FIG. Here, in the present embodiment, a cover plate 55 attached to the front surface (front surface) of the pressure receiving member 30 together with the mounting bracket 54 is provided as a second cover member (interference suppressing member). The cover plate 55 is a rectangular plate member having a size that covers the accommodating recess 30E of the pressure receiving member 30, and bolt insertion holes 55A matching the four nuts N are formed at the four corners thereof. Such a cover plate 55 is placed on the front surface (front surface) of the pressure receiving member 30 by four bolts B screwed into the four nuts N of the pressure receiving member 30 through the bolt insertion hole 55A and the bolt insertion hole 54A of the mounting bracket 54. It is attached and covers the accommodating recess 30E. As a result, the vibration unit 50 is attached to the pressure receiving member 30 without using a spring member. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced.

Subsequently, the operation and effect of the vehicle seat S configured as one embodiment of the vehicle seat according to the present invention will be described. In a vehicle in which the vehicle seat S shown in FIG. 1 is arranged in the driver's seat, the pressing force acting on the seat back S2 from the upper body of the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 is within a predetermined range during normal driving or when the vehicle is stopped. Occasionally, the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are elastically deformed to the rear, so that the upper body of the occupant is appropriately sunk into the seat back S2 to maintain a stable driving posture. Will be done.

In the state where the upper body of the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 of the vehicle seat S is appropriately submerged in the seat back S2, for example, the operation of a controller (not shown) installed in the driver's seat in front of the vehicle seat S. As a result, when the vibration unit 50 operates, the vibration weight 53 rotates together with the rotation shaft 52 of the drive motor 51, causing the vibration unit 50 to vibrate. Then, the vibration of the vibration unit 50 is directly transmitted to the entire pressure receiving member 30 without directly passing through the spring member, and is efficiently transmitted from the pressure receiving member 30 to the upper body of the occupant and parts other than the upper body via the cushion pad. Will be done.

That is, according to the vehicle seat S of one embodiment, the desired vibration generated by the vibration unit 50 in order to give the occupant seated on the seat cushion S1 a massage effect, an awakening effect, or the like is transmitted from the seat back S2 to the occupant's upper body. Can be efficiently transmitted to. In this case, the vibration unit 50 is housed in the accommodating recess 30E protruding toward the rear surface (back surface) side of the pressure receiving member 30, and the vibration unit 50 is arranged behind the front surface which is the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving member 30. , It is possible to eliminate the discomfort that the vibration unit 50 comes into contact with the upper body of the occupant supported by the seat back S2.

Further, according to the vehicle seat S of one embodiment, the cover plate 55 is mounted (fixed) around the accommodating recess 30E of the pressure receiving member 30 together with the mounting bracket 54 of the vibration unit 50, so that the vibration unit 50 and the cushion pad The vibration unit 50 can be operated stably by suppressing interference with (not shown). Since the cover plate 55 covers the housing recess 30E in which the vibration unit 50 is housed, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the housing recess 30E. Further, the bottom portion of the accommodating recess 30E functions as a first cover member (interference suppressing member) to prevent the vibration unit 50 from interfering with the cushion pad covering the rear side of the seat back frame F2 and the vibration unit 50. To do.

Further, since the nut N, which is a mounting member for mounting the mounting bracket 54 of the vibration unit 50, is insert-molded around the opening of the accommodating recess 30E of the pressure receiving member 30, the mounting bracket 54 can be easily mounted. Moreover, the rigidity of the pressure receiving member 30 can be increased so that the vibration of the vibration unit 50 can be efficiently transmitted to the entire pressure receiving member 30.

Further, since the vibration unit 50 is arranged at a position where it does not overlap with the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27, that is, at a height position between the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27, the vibration unit 50 is assembled. Occasionally, the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 do not get in the way, and the workability of assembling the vibration unit 50 can be improved.

Further, the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 are provided so as to connect the left and right portions of the seat back frame F2, and the hook-shaped holding portion 30B engages with the central support portion 26B of the upper support wire 26 from below. And the hook-shaped holding portion 30D that engages with the central support portion 27B of the lower support wire 27 from below are arranged side by side above and below the vibration unit 50, and a large vibration of the pressure receiving member 30 is generated. Since the pressure receiving member 30 holds the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 in the portion, interference between the pressure receiving member 30 and the upper support wire 26 and the lower support wire 27 which are linear members when the vibration unit 50 vibrates. It is possible to suppress the generation of abnormal noise due to.

Although the vehicle seat S as one embodiment of the vehicle seat according to the present invention has been described above, the vehicle seat S of the present invention is not limited to the vehicle seat S of one embodiment and has a structure thereof. Can be changed as appropriate.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the pressure receiving member 30 may form a plurality of vertical beads 30F and horizontal beads 30G that bulge toward the rear surface (back surface) side. In this case, since the rigidity of the pressure receiving member 30 is increased by the presence of the plurality of vertical beads 30F and the horizontal beads 30G, the vibration generated by the vibration unit 50 can be transmitted to the entire pressure receiving member 30.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the vibration unit 50 can be installed on the rear surface (rear surface) side of the pressure receiving member 30 with the rotation axis oriented in the vertical direction. In this case, in order to suppress the interference between the vibration unit 50 and the cushion pad (not shown) and operate the vibration unit 50 stably, the motor cover portion 56A covering the drive motor 51 and the motor cover portion 56A are outside the motor cover portion 56A. It is preferable to provide a cover member (first cover member, interference suppressing member) 56 having a weight cover portion 56B that overhangs and covers the rotation region of the vibrating weight 53. At this time, the motor cover portion 56A and the weight cover portion 56B can be bent so as to project outward in a stepped shape. The cover member 56 is attached to the pressure receiving member 30 by tightening together with the attachment bracket 57 of the vibration unit 50.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the vibration unit 50 can be installed on the rear surface (rear surface) side of the pressure receiving member 30 with the rotation axis facing left and right sideways. Also in this case, in order to suppress the interference between the vibration unit 50 and the cushion pad (not shown) and operate the vibration unit 50 stably, the motor cover portion 58A covering the drive motor 51 and the outside of the motor cover portion 58A. It is preferable to provide a cover member (first cover member) 58 having a weight cover portion 58B that overhangs and covers the rotating region of the vibrating weight 53. The cover member 58 is attached to the pressure receiving member 30 by tightening together with the attachment bracket 59 of the vibration unit 50. Here, the vibration unit 50 partially enters the recess formed between the two lateral beads 30G arranged vertically, so that the space in the recess is effectively utilized and the vehicle seat S Can be made compact.

By providing the cover members 56 and 58 on the rear side of the vibration unit 50 as in these modified examples, the back cover (covering member) covering the rear side of the seat back frame F2 and the vibration unit 50 may interfere with each other. It is suppressed. Further, since the cover members 56 and 58 are composed of the motor cover portions 56A and 58A and the weight cover portions 56B and 58B, the cover members 56 and 58 are compact and suppress the interference with the back cover even if the eccentric weight vibrates. can do. Further, if the weight cover portions 56B and 58B project from the motor covers 56A and 58A, the rigidity of the cover members 56 and 58 can be increased.

In the above embodiment, both ends of the lower support wire 27 are supported by the toggle support mechanism 40, but only one end may be supported by the toggle support mechanism 40, or the toggle support mechanism 40 is used. Instead, both ends may be supported by the left and right side frames.

In the above-described embodiment, the vibration unit 50 is provided near the center of the pressure receiving member 30 in the vertical direction, but may be provided below the center. When the pressure receiving member 30 is provided below the seat back S2, normally, the lower part (around the waist) of the occupant's upper body is in contact with the seat back S2, so that the vibration of the vibration unit 50 is vibrated. It can be stably transmitted to the occupants.

The vehicle seat S of one embodiment is configured for a vehicle in which the driver's seat is arranged on the right side, but by reversing the structure in the left-right direction, the vehicle in which the driver's seat is arranged on the left side can be used. Applicable.

Further, the vehicle seat S of one embodiment can be configured as a bucket type vehicle seat in which the seat cushion S1, the seat back S2, and the headrest S3 are integrally formed.

Further, the vehicle seat of the present invention can also be configured as a seat for a ship or an aircraft.

F1 Seat cushion frame 11 Front frame 12 Cushion side frame 13 Rear connecting pipe F2 Seat back frame 21 Upper frame 22 Back side frame 23 Lower frame 24 Support bracket 25 Reinforcing member 26 Upper support wire 27 Lower support wire 28 Support tongue piece 30 Pressure receiving member 30A Engagement hook part 30B Engagement hook part 30C Engagement hook part 30D Engagement hook part 30E Accommodating recess 40 Toggle support mechanism B Bolt N nut RU Reclining unit S Vehicle seat S1 Seat cushion S2 Seat back S3 Headrest SL slide rail

Claims (7)

A vehicle seat with at least a seat cushion and a seat back,
The vehicle seat includes a frame constituting a skeleton, a pressure receiving member arranged inside the frame to support an occupant, and a pressure receiving member extending in the left-right direction and extending in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the left-right direction. The frame has a support wire that elastically supports the pressure receiving member, and a covering member that covers the frame and the pressure receiving member.
The pressure receiving member has a first holding portion that engages with the support wire.
A vibration unit arranged in the direction orthogonal to the first holding portion is attached to the pressure receiving member .
The vibrating unit has a drive motor and a vibrating weight attached to a rotating shaft of the drive motor.
The vehicle seat protrudes from the pressure receiving member in a predetermined direction orthogonal to the left-right direction and the orthogonal direction to cover the drive motor, and separates from the pressure receiving member in the predetermined direction from the motor cover portion. A vehicle seat characterized by having a weight cover portion that projects in a direction and covers a rotating region of the vibrating weight . A vehicle seat with at least a seat cushion and a seat back,
The vehicle seat includes a frame constituting a skeleton, a pressure receiving member arranged inside the frame to support an occupant, and a pressure receiving member extending in the left-right direction and extending in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the left-right direction. The frame has a support wire that elastically supports the pressure receiving member, and a covering member that covers the frame and the pressure receiving member.
The pressure receiving member has a first holding portion that engages with the support wire.
A vibration unit arranged in the direction orthogonal to the first holding portion is attached to the pressure receiving member .
The pressure receiving member has an accommodating recess for accommodating the vibration unit.
The vehicle seat includes a mounting bracket for mounting the vibration unit to the pressure receiving member, and a cover plate that covers the accommodating recess.
A vehicle seat characterized in that a part of the mounting bracket is arranged around the opening of the accommodating recess and is fastened together with the cover plate to the pressure receiving member . The motor cover portion has a first wall facing the drive motor in the predetermined direction.
The weight cover portion has a second wall facing the vibrating weight in the predetermined direction, and a third wall connected to the second wall and the first wall.
The vehicle seat according to claim 1, wherein the third wall is inclined with respect to the predetermined direction. The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first holding portion is formed on a surface of the pressure receiving member opposite to the occupant. The pressure receiving member is a second holding portion that engages with the support wire, and has two second holding portions arranged on both left and right sides of the first holding portion.
The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first holding portion is separated from the vibration unit by the second holding portion in the orthogonal direction. The pressure receiving member has a bead and has a bead.
The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the bead is arranged on the same side as the vibration unit with respect to the first holding portion in the orthogonal direction. .. The vehicle seat according to claim 6, wherein the pressure receiving member has a through hole arranged so as to cross the bead.

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