JP6777034B2 - Waterproof construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to, for example, a waterproof construction method for a small open channel for agriculture, a water tank buried in the ground, a concrete structure such as a box culvert, or a mortar structure.

In concrete structures or mortar structures, for applications such as small agricultural open channels, water tanks buried in the ground, box culverts, etc., water leakage prevention from the structure or the structure itself deteriorates due to the influence of moisture. Waterproofing is performed for the purpose of suppressing the occurrence. As the deterioration mechanism of concrete structures, there are generally salt damage deterioration, neutralization deterioration, frost damage deterioration, alkaline aggregate reaction, etc., and it is empirically found that deterioration is suppressed by reducing the influence of water in most of them. Is also known.

Patent Document 1 proposes a waterproof construction method using a solvent-free epoxy resin coating material. It is said that the work is more efficient than the past technology, the construction period is shortened, and the finished appearance is good, but it is necessary to mix the two types of coating liquid at the construction site, and the construction is done with a roller. Therefore, some skill was required, and it was difficult to say that it was simple.

Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a joint repair structure and a joint repair method for an open channel. According to this, a waterproof layer having a width larger than the width of the joint portion and made of a hard material is formed on the joint portion of the existing open channel. A repair agent layer having a width larger than the width of the waterproof layer is formed on the waterproof layer. By providing a waterproof layer under the repair agent layer, even if infiltration water such as groundwater occurs from the soil around the open channel to the joint, the pressure due to the infiltration water is reduced by the waterproof layer, and the repair agent layer Since the shape change of the water is prevented, the joint portion is not uneven, so that the water flow resistance of the open channel does not increase. Therefore, it is said that the water utilization function of the open channel will not be deteriorated. Waterproof mortar, PET, and polypropylene are exemplified as hard materials for forming the waterproof layer, and the use of an adhesive or an adhesive tape as the adhesive layer thereof has been proposed. However, it has not been discussed whether these adhesive layers retain their adhesive performance when infiltrated water occurs, and the waterproof layer made of a hard material causes damage such as cracks in the structure. It is also not discussed whether the waterproof performance will be maintained when it is used.

In Patent Document 3, deformable adhesion formed by securing a predetermined thickness according to the height difference of uneven portions generated on the surface of the irrigation structure, which is bonded to a thin film having flexibility and water shielding property. Leakage repair materials with layers have been proposed. As the adhesive layer, butyl rubber adhesive, epoxy resin adhesive, polyurethane resin adhesive, and modified asphalt adhesive are exemplified, and although they are shown to be waterproof to the construction surface, It has not been discussed whether the adhesive performance is maintained when infiltrated water occurs.

Patent Document 4 proposes a waterproofing method for concrete structures that can be reliably waterproofed even if cracks occur. A highly deformable adhesive layer containing silicone gel as the main component was placed on one side of a water-impermeable sheet base material containing silicone rubber as the main component, and by attaching it to the inner surface of the concrete structure, large cracks occurred. Even in this case, the adhesive layer follows the cracks so that the sheet base material can be reliably waterproofed without being damaged. However, although the water blocking treatment for cracks is shown here as well, it has not been discussed whether the adhesive performance of the adhesive layer is maintained when infiltrated water that does not depend on cracks occurs.

In Patent Document 5, in the method of repairing, reinforcing, and preventing deterioration of a concrete structure, instead of repeatedly painting a woven cloth, a knitted cloth, an adhesive, or a paint as a surface coating of the concrete structure to perform a secondary finish, An outer layer material as a protective layer having weather resistance, stain resistance, waterproofness, etc. and a sticking layer for facilitating adhesion to the concrete surface, or an inner layer material as an adhesive layer for adhering to the concrete surface. We are proposing a construction method that can reduce or shorten the repair and reinforcement work to prevent the concrete from peeling off by laminating in advance to form a laminate and then pasting the laminate on site. The laminated body is formed by sequentially laminating a protective layer made of polyvinyl fluoride, an adhesive layer for urethane-based lamination, a reinforcing layer made of polyester film, and a butyl rubber-based adhesive layer. Again, it is not discussed whether the adhesive performance is maintained when infiltrated water occurs.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-091169 JP-A-2009-013662 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-133203 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-156131 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-027718

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is laid, for example, in a small open water channel for agriculture, a water tank buried in the ground, a concrete structure such as a box calvert, a mortar structure, or a joint portion of the structure. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the sticking strength of the sticking surface due to the permeating moisture on the sticking surface of the waterproof sheet, and by maintaining stable sticking characteristics, not only the surface of the structure but also the surface of the structure It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof construction method capable of maintaining the waterproof function on the inner surface, suppressing deterioration due to moisture, and making the laid structure durable for long-term use.

The present invention provides the following waterproof construction method in order to achieve the above object.
[1]
A waterproof sheet provided on a concrete structure or a mortar structure with a base material layer obtained by curing a silicone rubber composition and an adhesive layer made of a cured product of the silicone gel composition laminated on one surface of the base material layer. It is a waterproof construction method to be attached,
A silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by a condensation reaction or addition reaction is applied and cured to form a film layer at or near the water-stopping part on the surface of a concrete structure or mortar structure.
A waterproof construction method characterized in that the adhesive layer side of the waterproof sheet is attached to the film layer.
[2]
When the concrete structure or mortar structure has joints or water leaks,
The film layer is formed so as to cover the joint or the leaked portion,
The waterproof construction method of [1], wherein the waterproof sheet is attached to the film layer by covering the joints or water leakage points.
[3]
When the concrete structure or mortar structure has joints or water leaks,
The film layer is formed on both sides of the joint or the leaked part,
The waterproof construction method of [1], wherein the waterproof sheet is attached to the film layer by covering the joints or water leakage points.
[4]
The waterproof construction method of [2] or [3] in which a sealant is filled in the gap between the joint or the leaked part.
[5]
The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the thickness of the film layer is 0.01 to 2 mm.
[6]
The silicone rubber composition that is cured at room temperature by the condensation reaction or addition reaction that forms the film layer contains the organopolysiloxane represented by the following average composition formula (III) [1] to [5]. One of the waterproof construction methods.
R ⁴ _d SiO _{(4-d) / 2} (III)
(In the formula, R ⁴ represents the same or different substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and d is a positive number in the range of 1.90 to 2.05.)
[7]
The above silicone gel composition
(A) Organopolysiloxane containing an alkenyl group bonded to at least two silicon atoms in one molecule.
(B) Main components are R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 unit (in the formula, R ² is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, but R ² contains an alkenyl group) and SiO ₂ unit. Resin copolymer,
(C) Organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms,
(D) The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [6], which contains an addition reaction catalyst and has a hardness after curing of 3 to 20 with a CSR-2 type hardness tester.
[8]
A plurality of waterproof sheets are installed side by side to cover the part including the part that prevents the ingress of moisture in a liquid-tight manner, and the waterproof sheets adjacent to each other are liquid-tightly overlapped and attached with the width of the overlapping part being 5 mm or more. The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [7].
[9]
The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the waterproof sheet is installed at the joint portion or the leaked portion of a small agricultural open channel.
[10]
The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the waterproof sheet is installed at the joint portion or the leaked portion of the fireproof water tank.
[11]
The waterproof construction method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the waterproof sheet is applied to the joint portion of the box culvert or the leaked portion.

For example, a small agricultural waterway, a fireproof water tank buried in the ground, a concrete structure such as a box calvert, a mortar structure, or a joint of a structure is waterproofed using a silicone rubber waterproof sheet. At this time, the surface of the structure is treated to form a film layer, and a waterproof sheet made of silicone rubber is attached on the film layer. The film layer suppresses the moisture that permeates from the structure to the surface to which the waterproof sheet is attached, and the adhesion strength of the attachment surface is suppressed from being lowered by the influence of the moisture, so that it can be suppressed for a long period of time. Stable sticking characteristics can be maintained, and the waterproof function not only on the surface side of the structure but also on the inner surface side can be maintained. In addition, deterioration of the structure due to the influence of moisture can be suppressed.

It is sectional drawing of the waterproof sheet used in the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention. (A) is an example of a two-layer structure in which a base material layer and an adhesive layer are laminated, and (B) is an example of a four-layer structure including a reinforcing layer in the base material layer. It is sectional drawing which shows typically an example of the process of the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the process of the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention schematically. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the film layer was formed in the region on both sides of the joint part of the small open channel for agriculture. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a waterproof sheet is attached on the film layer of FIG. 4 and the areas on both sides including the joint portion of a small agricultural open channel are covered with the waterproof sheet. It is a perspective view which shows the state which carried out the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention to a plurality of joints on a small agricultural waterway. It is a perspective view which shows the state which carried out the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention on the inner surface of the fire prevention water tank buried in the ground. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the fire protection water tank of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which carried out the waterproof construction method which concerns on this invention on the joint part of the inner surface of a box culvert. It is a figure which shows the test body for evaluation of the waterproof construction method of this invention. (A) is a perspective view of a test piece with a waterproof sheet attached, and (B) is a side view showing a state in which a sealing process is performed along the short side of the test piece.

In the waterproof construction method of the present invention, a silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by a condensation reaction or an addition reaction is applied and cured at or near a place where water should be stopped in a concrete structure or a mortar structure to form a film layer. The adhesive layer side of the waterproof sheet in which the adhesive layer obtained by curing the silicone gel composition is laminated on the base material layer obtained by curing the silicone rubber composition on the film layer is attached.

Hereinafter, the waterproof construction method of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a waterproof sheet used in the waterproof construction method of the present invention. The waterproof sheet 10 shown in FIG. 1 (A) has the most basic structure, and the silicone gel composition is cured on the base material layer 11 (rubber sheet 111) formed by curing the silicone rubber composition. The adhesive layer 12 is laminated. Reference numeral 13 is a protective film that protects the adhesive layer 12 until use, and is peeled off during use.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the base material layer 11 may include a reinforcing layer 112 made of reinforcing fibers. The reinforcing layer 112 may be provided on the surface of the base material layer 11 opposite to the surface on which the adhesive layer 12 is provided, but the two layers of rubber are provided so that the entire waterproof sheet 10 is not easily warped or distorted. It is preferably provided between the sheets 111. In this case, it is more preferable that the rubber sheets 111 and 111 each penetrate into the reinforcing layer 112 and are connected to each other in the reinforcing layer 112. The configuration of the base material layer 11 is not limited to the example shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the process of the waterproof construction method of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the reference numeral a is a concrete structure or a mortar structure (hereinafter, these may be simply referred to as “structures”), and the reference numeral a1 is a joint between the structures a and a.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the joint a1 has a gap, a known sealant (reference numeral b in the figure) is used from the viewpoint of suppressing the infiltration of groundwater or the like from the outside of the structure through the gap as much as possible. It is preferable to fill the gap with. Examples of commercially available sealants include M coat 56, sealant master 300, and S coat 57 (all manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.).

First, a silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by a condensation reaction or an addition reaction is applied so as to cover the joints a1 between the structures a and a, or on both sides of the joints a1, and the film layer 20 is formed by curing. (Fig. 2 (A), Fig. 3 (A)).
Next, the adhesive layer 12 of the waterproof sheet 10 is attached to the film layer 20, and the waterproof sheet 10 is pressed evenly so that the adhesive layer 12 and the film layer 20 are firmly adhered to each other (FIGS. 2B and 20). C)).
When the joint portion is filled with the sealant b, the waterproof sheet 10 is attached so as to cover the sealant b-filled portion and the film layers 20 and 20 formed on both sides thereof (FIGS. 3B and 3B). (C)). In this case, it is not particularly necessary to form a film layer on the sealant b, but it does not prevent the film layer from being formed.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the waterproof sheet 10 is attached so as to leave a margin with respect to the formation range of the film layer 20, but it is particularly limited as long as the waterproof sheet 10 can cover the joint or the leaked portion. It's not a thing. Therefore, a part or all of the peripheral edge of the waterproof sheet 10 may be attached so as to match the formation range of the film layer, or a part or all thereof may be attached so as to protrude from the formation range of the film layer. Good.

Hereinafter, the waterproof sheet 10 and the film layer 20 will be described in detail.

[Waterproof sheet]
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the structure of the waterproof sheet 10 used in the present invention is a laminate of a base material layer 11 made by curing a silicone rubber composition and an adhesive layer 12 made of a silicone gel composition. is there. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the base material layer 11 is formed with a reinforcing layer 112 made of reinforcing fibers, if necessary.

The thickness of the waterproof sheet 10 is preferably 0.7 to 6 mm. Among them, the thickness of the base material layer 11 is 0.2 to 3 mm, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mm. If the thickness of the base material layer 11 is less than 0.2 mm, it may be insufficient to utilize the elasticity of the sheet, and if it exceeds 3 mm, the weight increases, which affects the workability at the time of sticking. It may be disadvantageous in terms of cost. The thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. If the thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is less than 0.5 mm, the adhesive layer 12 cannot absorb the surface irregularities of the bonded portion, and if it exceeds 3 mm, the rubber strength of the bonded surface depends on the adhesive layer 12 and the rubber is destroyed. May cause.

The base material layer 11 is considered to be easy to handle at the time of sheet preparation and construction, and is also considered to have heat resistance, weather resistance, and cold resistance, and it is assumed that the usage environment can be from cold to extremely hot. Use silicone rubber.

The above-mentioned silicone rubber is obtained by curing a silicone rubber composition, and examples of the curing type include organic peroxide curing, addition reaction curing, ultraviolet curing, and electron beam curing. In the present invention, any curing type may be used, but from the viewpoint that molding can be performed in a short time by heating, from an addition (hydrosilylation) reaction curing type silicone rubber composition or an organic peroxide curing type silicone rubber composition. The obtained one is preferable.

The organic peroxide-curable silicone rubber composition preferably contains an organic peroxide as a curing agent in an organopolysiloxane having two or more alkenyl groups in one molecule (usually, 100 mass by mass of the above-mentioned organopolysiloxane). 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to the part) is used. Examples of organic peroxides include acyl-based organic peroxides typified by para-methylbenzoyl peroxide and ortho-methylbenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (Tasha). Examples thereof include alkyl-based organic peroxides typified by libutyl peroxy) hexane, percarbonate-based organic peroxides, and peroxyketal-based organic peroxides.

In the case of addition reaction curing, an organosiloxane polymer having at least two or more alkenyl groups in one molecule is reacted with a compound having at least two functional groups reacting with the alkenyl group in one molecule in the presence of a catalyst. Let me do it. The hydrosilylation reaction is a good example in this case. This addition reaction curable silicone rubber composition contains an alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane having two or more alkenyl groups typified by a vinyl group in one molecule, and an organosole having two or more SiH groups, preferably three or more SiH groups. Hydrogen polysiloxane (usually an amount in which the molar ratio of SiH group to alkenyl group is 0.5 to 4) and a platinum group metal-based addition reaction catalyst typified by platinum or a platinum compound (usually an alkenyl group-containing organopoly) A siloxane containing 1 to 1,000 ppm) as a platinum group metal is used.

Ultraviolet curing (= ultraviolet curing, UV curing) is a method in which a rubber compound containing a photopolymerization initiator is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm and cured in several seconds to several tens of seconds. The wavelength to be irradiated is typically 254 nm and 365 nm. The photopolymerization initiator may be a known one, and Irgacure184 (manufactured by BASF) is exemplified.

Electron beam curing (EB curing) is a method of artificially accelerating electrons and using the energy of the electron beam as a beam to cure the electrons. Curing is adjusted by accelerating voltage and penetration depth. An example of an electron beam irradiation device used for curing is Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.

As the above-mentioned silicone rubber composition, a commercially available product may be used. For example, as the organic peroxide-curable silicone rubber composition, KE-971-U, KE-675-U, etc. manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. may be used. As the addition reaction curing type silicone rubber composition, KE-551-U, KE-1990-60, KE-1300T and the like manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. are used.

The physical properties of the base material layer 11 after curing are not particularly limited, but may be any one that exhibits rubber properties in the cured state. As a guide, it is preferable that there is no extreme stickiness to the touch. As for the physical properties of rubber, in the measuring method based on JIS K 6249, the durometer type A hardness is 10 to 90, more preferably 30 to 80, further preferably 50 to 70, the tensile strength is 2 MPa or more, and the elongation is 50 to 800. %, The tear strength is preferably 2 kN / m or more. If it is out of the range of these physical properties, it is considered that the surface of the waterproof sheet is likely to be scratched or damaged.

When the base material layer 11 contains the reinforcing layer 112, examples of the reinforcing fibers that can be used for the reinforcing layer include glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, and silicon carbide fibers. It is preferably at least one of these. The standard of the fiber is not particularly limited, but the number of the constituent threads is 5 to 600 tex in both length and width, the density is 10 to 150 threads / 25 mm, the thickness is 0.02 to 0.6 mm, and the tension is 70 N / 25 mm or more. A plain weave, a satin weave, or the like is preferable. When one flat fiber is placed, it is preferable that the lower surface has an appearance that can be seen through. Transparency is not always necessary due to its characteristics, but considering the design of the waterproof sheet, it is preferable to have transparency.

In accordance with the provisions of JIS K 7105, transparency is defined as "transparent" in the present invention if the total light transmittance of the entire sheet is 50% or more. If the sheet as a whole is 50% or more, the color tone of the lower surface when the sheet is attached to the object can be sufficiently identified. More preferably, it is 60% or more. One of the advantages of being able to identify the color tone of the lower surface is that phenomena such as deterioration, discoloration / fading, and rusting of the object can be confirmed without removing the waterproof sheet. As a result, periodic inspections can be facilitated, and the time and effort required to replace the waterproof sheet can be significantly reduced, which is superior to the conventional waterproof sheet in terms of maintenance.

A cured product of the silicone gel composition is used for the adhesive layer 12. In this case, the silicone gel composition
(A) Organopolysiloxane containing an alkenyl group bonded to at least two silicon atoms in one molecule.
(B) Main components are R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 unit (in the formula, R ² is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, but R ² contains an alkenyl group) and SiO ₂ unit. Resin copolymer,
(C) Organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms,
(D) An addition reaction curing type silicone gel composition containing an addition reaction catalyst, preferably having a hardness of 3 to 20 on a CSR-2 type hardness tester after curing.

The component (A) of the addition reaction-curable silicone gel composition is an organopolysiloxane having at least two alkenyl groups in one molecule on average, and the organopolysiloxane of the component (A) has the following average composition. Equation (I)
R ¹ _a SiO _{(4-a) / 2} (I)
The one indicated by is used.

In the formula, R ¹ is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having the same or different carbon atoms of 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, and a is 1.5 to 2.8, preferably 1. It is a positive number in the range of 8 to 2.5, more preferably 1.95 to 2.05. Here, examples of the unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group bonded to the silicon atom represented by R ¹ include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group and a tert-butyl group. Alkyl group such as pentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, nonyl group and decyl group, aryl group such as phenyl group, trill group, xsilyl group and naphthyl group, benzyl group, phenylethyl group and phenylpropyl group. Aralkyl groups such as groups, vinyl groups, allyl groups, propenyl groups, isopropenyl groups, butenyl groups, hexenyl groups, cyclohexenyl groups, octenyl groups and other alkenyl groups, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups are fluorine. , Bromine, chlorine and other halogen atoms, those substituted with a cyano group and the like, for example, chloromethyl group, chloropropyl group, bromoethyl group, trifluoropropyl group, cyanoethyl group and the like, but 90 mol% of the total R ¹ The above is preferably a methyl group.

In this case, at least two of R ¹ need to be an alkenyl group (preferably having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms). The content of alkenyl group, the total organic groups (i.e., monovalent hydrocarbon radical unsubstituted or substituted above) in R ^1, 0.00001~0.05mol / g, more preferably from 0.00001 to 0 It is preferably 0.01 mol / g. This alkenyl group may be bonded to a silicon atom at the end of the molecular chain, a silicon atom in the middle of the molecular chain, or both, but at least to the silicon atom at both ends of the molecular chain. Those containing an attached alkenyl group are preferable. If the content of the alkenyl group is less than 0.00001 mol / g, sufficient rubber physical properties cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 0.05 mol / g, the hardness may become too high and the adhesive strength may decrease. is there.

The degree of polymerization is not particularly limited, but a liquid at room temperature is preferable. Usually, a polystyrene-equivalent average degree of polymerization by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of about 50 to 20,000, preferably 100 to 10,000, and more preferably about 100 to 2,000 is preferably used.
In addition, the structure of this organopolysiloxane basically consists of repeating diorganosiloxane units (R ¹ ₂ SiO _2/2 ) in the main chain, and triorganosyloxy groups (R ¹ ₃ SiO _{1 /} ) at both ends of the molecular chain. It has a linear structure sealed with ₂ ) or a hydroxydiorganosyloxy group ((HO) R ¹ ₂ SiO _1/2 ), but may have a partially branched structure, a cyclic structure, or the like.

The resinous copolymer of the component (B) (that is, the copolymer having a three-dimensional network structure) contains R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 unit and SiO ₂ unit as main components. Here, R ² is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 8, and the monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R ² is a methyl group. Alkyl group such as ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, phenyl group, trill group , Aryl group such as xylyl group, naphthyl group, aralkyl group such as benzyl group, phenylethyl group, phenylpropyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, propenyl group, isopropenyl group, butenyl group, hexenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, octenyl Alkenyl groups such as groups and those in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups are replaced with halogen atoms such as fluorine, bromine and chlorine, cyano groups and the like, for example, chloromethyl group, chloropropyl group, bromoethyl group and tri Fluoropropyl group, cyanoethyl group and the like can be mentioned.

The resinous copolymer of the component (B) may consist of only the above R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 unit and SiO ₂ unit, and if necessary, R ² ₂ SiO unit or R ² SiO ₃ The total amount of _{/ 2} units (R ² is as described above) may be included in the range of 50% or less, preferably 40% or less with respect to the total mass of the copolymer, but R ² ₃ SiO _1/2. The molar ratio [R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 / SiO ₂ ] of the unit to the SiO ₂ unit is 0.5 to 1.5, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 1.3. Even if the molar ratio is smaller than 0.5 or larger than 1.5, sufficient rubber hardness and strength cannot be obtained. Further, the resinous copolymer of the component (B) preferably has at least two alkenyl groups in one molecule, and the content of the alkenyl groups is 0.0001 mol / g or more, preferably 0.0001. It is in the range of ~ 0.003 mol / g, more preferably 0.0002 to 0.002 mol / g. If the content of the alkenyl group is less than 0.0001 mol / g, sufficient rubber physical properties cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 0.003 mol / g, the hardness may become too high and the adhesive strength may decrease. is there.
The resinous copolymer may be a liquid (for example, 10 mPa · s or more, preferably 50 mPa · s or more) having fluidity at room temperature (25 ° C.) or a solid state having no fluidity. .. In the solid state, it may be dissolved in an organic solvent such as toluene. This resinous copolymer can usually be produced by hydrolyzing a suitable chlorosilane or alkoxysilane by a method well known in the art.

When the total amount of the components (A) and (B) is 100 parts by mass, the amount of the components (A) and (B) is 20 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 93 parts by mass. In particular, the range of 30 to 93 parts by mass, and the component (B) is preferably 0 to 80 parts by mass, preferably 7 to 80 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 7 to 70 parts by mass. If the amount of the component (A) is too small, that is, if the component (B) is too large, the physical properties of the rubber are significantly deteriorated. From the viewpoint of adhesiveness and strength, it is preferable to use the component (B) in combination with the component (A).

The component (C) is an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having at least two, preferably three or more hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms in one molecule, and the SiH group in the molecule is the above (A). It crosslinks the alkenyl group bonded to the silicon atom in the component and the component (B) by a hydrosilylation addition reaction, and acts as a curing agent for curing the composition. The organohydrogenpolysiloxane of the component (C) has the following average composition formula (II).
R ³ _b H _c SiO _{(4-bc) / 2} (II)
(In the formula, R ³ is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, b is 0.7 to 2.1, c is 0.001 to 1.0, and b + c is a positive number satisfying 0.8 to 3.0.)
A molecule having at least 2 (usually 2 to 200), preferably 3 to 100, and more preferably 3 to 50 silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atoms in one molecule is preferably used. Here, examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group of R ³ include those similar to those exemplified in R ¹ , but those having no aliphatic unsaturated group are preferable. Further, b is preferably 0.8 to 2.0, c is preferably 0.01 to 1.0, and b + c is preferably 1.0 to 2.5, and the molecular structure of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane is. It may have a linear, cyclic, branched, or three-dimensional network structure. In this case, the number (or degree of polymerization) of silicon atoms in one molecule is 2 to 300, and particularly 4 to 150 silicon atoms that are liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.) are preferably used. The hydrogen atom bonded to the silicon atom may be located at the end of the molecular chain or in the middle of the molecular chain, or may be located at both, but the hydrogen atom is located at the end of the molecular chain where the reaction rate is high. Is preferable. That is, both-terminal trimethylsiloxy group-blocking methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, both-terminal trimethylsiloxy group-blocking dimethylsiloxane / methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer, both-terminal dimethylhydrogensiloxy group-blocking dimethylpolysiloxane, both-terminal dimethylhydroxyloxy group Blocked dimethylsiloxane / methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer, (CH ₃ ) ₂ HSiO _1/2 unit and SiO _4/2 unit, (CH ₃ ) ₂ HSiO _1/2 unit and SiO _{4/2 Examples} thereof include a copolymer composed of a unit and (C ₆ H ₅ ) SiO _3/2 unit.

The blending amount of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane of the component (C) is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, particularly 1.0 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the components (A) and (B). .. If the amount is too small or too large, sufficient rubber strength cannot be obtained. Further, the organohydrogenpolysiloxane of the component (C) is a hydrogen atom (SiH) bonded to a silicon atom in the component (C) with respect to an alkenyl group bonded to a silicon atom contained in the components (A) and (B). The amount of the group) is 0.5 to 1.1, more preferably 0.6 to 1.0 in terms of molar ratio. Moreover, assuming that the 100% addition-crosslinking reaction proceeds, the amount of organohydrogenpolysiloxane is preferably 0.005 to 0.01 mol / g.
Here, the molar ratio of the SiH group of the component (C) to the amount of the alkenyl group present in the system is shown as H / Vi, and the theoretical cross-linking amount is the amount of the (C) component added in the system. It is the amount of cross-linking when a hydrogen atom (SiH group) bonded to a silicon atom and an alkenyl group existing in the system react 100%. That is, when H / Vi is 1 or less, the amount of SiH groups is the theoretical cross-linking amount, and when H / Vi is 1 or more, the amount of alkenyl groups is the theoretical cross-linking amount. The amount of these functional groups may be an amount based on the calculation formula at the time of designing the composition, but it is more preferable to use the measured value. The amount of functional groups is actually measured by measuring the amount of hydrogen gas generated or unsaturated groups by a known analysis method, analyzing by NMR, or the like. The amount of functional groups in the system is represented by X mol / g when the amount of functional groups in the molecule is X mol / g and when the amount added is Y parts by mass, X × Y mol / g.

The component (D) may be a conventionally known one, and is usually a platinum group metal-based addition reaction catalyst typified by platinum or a platinum compound (usually, a total alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane of the components (A) and (B)). On the other hand, those containing 1 to 1,000 ppm) are used.

The adhesive layer 12 exhibits adhesiveness even in an uncured state, but it is preferable that the adhesive layer 12 has little change with time, assuming that it will be used for a long period of time. The change with time is less when the adhesive layer 12 is cured. The curing method is not particularly limited, but a type that has already been cured to form the adhesive layer 12 in the form of a sheet is preferable to a type that is cured at the work site.

The hardness of the adhesive layer 12 is smaller than the hardness of the base material layer 11, and a positive number with an Asker C hardness of less than 10 is preferable. If it exceeds 10, the adhesiveness may decrease. More preferably, it is an Asker CSR-2 type hardness tester suitable for measuring a hardness lower than the Asker C hardness, and is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 10 to 18.
Further, it is preferable that the adhesive strength is 5 N / 25 mm or more when the mortar test piece is adhered to the mortar test piece and the 180 ° peel test is performed at a peeling speed of 300 mm / min in accordance with JIS Z 0237. It is preferably in the range of 5 to 30 N / 25 mm. If the pressure is less than 5N / 25mm, when the adhesive layer 12 is attached to the required attachment portion, the adhesive strength to the attachment portion is low and there is a problem in attachment. If it exceeds 30N / 25mm, reworkability and reattachment occur. May interfere with sexuality.

In addition to the above-mentioned components, the composition forming the base material layer 11 and the adhesive layer 12 contains, if necessary, fumed silica, precipitated silica, quartz powder, diatomaceous earth, and calcium carbonate. Such fillers, conductive agents such as carbon black, conductive zinc white, and metal powder, and fillers such as heat resistant agents such as iron oxide and cerium oxide may be blended. Furthermore, hydrosilylation reaction control agents such as nitrogen-containing compounds, acetylene compounds, phosphorus compounds, nitrile compounds, carboxylates, tin compounds, mercury compounds and sulfur compounds, internal mold release agents such as dimethyl silicone oil, adhesive imparting agents, and thixo It is optional to add a sex-imparting agent or the like.

As an example of the method for forming the waterproof sheet 10, the elastomer layer (rubber sheet 111) is integrated with the reinforcing fiber to be the reinforcing layer 112 by dipping, coating, calender molding, screen printing, or the like to form a base material layer. Get 11. In this case, calendar molding is preferable because it can be preferably used.

Although the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 12 is laminated on the base material layer 11, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 12 may be formed after the composition forming the base material layer is cured to form the base material layer 11. The composition forming the material layer 11 may be calendar-molded on a film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and separated, and the composition forming the adhesive layer 12 may be laminated in an uncured state.
The composition forming the adhesive layer 12 is preferable because there is a method of obtaining a laminated sheet on the composition forming the base material layer 11 by dipping, coating, screen printing or the like, and coating molding can be preferably used. The curing conditions are preferably in the range of 80 to 250 ° C. for 10 seconds to 1 hour. Further, after-cure may be performed at 120 to 250 ° C. for about 1 to 100 hours for the purpose of removing low molecular weight components.

[Film layer]
The film layer 20 is formed by a condensation reaction or a condensation reaction from the viewpoint of considering workability during construction, heat resistance, weather resistance, and cold resistance, and assuming that the usage environment can change from cold to extremely hot. A silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by an addition reaction (hereinafter, may be referred to as a film layer composition) is used. The composition for the film layer preferably contains the following organopolysiloxane as a main component (base polymer).

As the organopolysiloxane which is the base polymer of the composition for the film layer, those represented by the following average composition formula (III) are preferable.
R ⁴ _d SiO _{(4-d) / 2} (III)

In the formula, R ⁴ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having the same or different substituted or unsubstituted carbon number 1-12, particularly 1-10, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, 2-. Alkyl group such as ethylbutyl group and octyl group, cycloalkyl group such as cyclohexyl group and cyclopentyl group, alkenyl group such as vinyl group, hexenyl group and allyl group, phenyl group, trill group, xsilyl group, naphthyl group, diphenyl group and the like An aralkyl group such as an aryl group, a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group, or a group in which a part or all of the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of these groups is replaced with a halogen atom, a cyano group or the like, for example, a chloromethyl group, Examples thereof include a trifluoropropyl group, a 2-cyanoethyl group and a 3-cyanopropyl group, and a methyl group, a vinyl group, a phenyl group and a trifluoropropyl group are preferable. Examples of R ⁴ include a hydroxyl group as a terminal group of a condensation reaction curable base polymer, an organooxy group, an organooxy-containing silylethyl group, an alkenyloxy group as a terminal group of a radiation curable base polymer, and a (meth) acryloxy group. Meta) Acryloxyalkyl groups, mercaptoalkyl groups, glycidoxyalkyl groups are included. d is preferably a positive number in the range of 1.90 to 2.05, more preferably 1.95 to 2.04.

Here, when the composition for the film layer is a condensation reaction curing type, the base polymer has both ends of the molecular chain sealed with hydroxyl groups, or has an organooxy group such as an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Contains triorganosilyl groups (eg, organooxydiorganosyloxy group, diorganooxyorganosyloxy group, triorganooxysiloxy group, organooxydiorganosilylethyl group, diorganooxyorganosilylethyl group, triorganooxysilylethyl) A linear diorganopolysiloxane whose main chain is basically a repeating diorganosiloxane unit, which is sealed with a base), is preferably used, but exhibits good rubber properties and is cured with excellent mechanical strength. In order to obtain a composition that gives a product, the viscosity at 25 ° C. is preferably 20 mPa · s or more, more preferably 50 to 1,000,000 mPa · s, and particularly preferably 100 to 500,000 mPa · s. Is. In the present invention, the viscosity can be measured with a rotational viscometer (hereinafter, the same applies).

As the cross-linking agent for this condensation reaction curing type silicone rubber composition, a silane or siloxane compound having two or more hydrolyzable groups in one molecule is preferable. In this case, examples of the hydrolyzable group include an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and a butoxy group, a ketooxime group such as a dimethyl ketooxime group and a methyl ethyl ketooxime group, an acyloxy group such as an acetoxy group and an isopropenyloxy group. Examples thereof include an alkenyloxy group such as an isobutenyloxy group, an amino group such as an N-butylamino group and an N, N-diethylamino group, and an amide group such as an N-methylacetamide group. The blending amount of this cross-linking agent is preferably 2 to 50 parts by mass, particularly 5 to 20 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the above-mentioned both terminal hydroxyl groups or organooxy group-blocking organopolysiloxane.

A curing catalyst is usually used for the condensation reaction curing type silicone rubber composition. Examples of the curing catalyst include alkyl tin ester compounds such as dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and dibutyltin dioctate, tetraisopropoxytitanium, tetran-butoxytitanium, tetrakis (2-ethylhexoxy) titanium, and dipropoxybis (acetylacetonato). ) Titanium ester such as titanium, titanium isopropoxyoctylene glycol or titanium chelate compound, zinc naphthenate, zinc stearate, zinc-2-ethyloctate, iron-2-ethylhexoate, cobalt-2-ethylhe Organic metal compounds such as xoate, manganese-2-ethylhexoate, cobalt naphthenate, alkoxyaluminum compound, amino such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-β (aminoethyl) γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane Amine compounds such as alkyl group-substituted alkoxysilanes, hexylamines and dodecylamine phosphates and salts thereof, quaternary ammonium salts such as benzyltriethylammonium acetate, lower fatty acid salts of alkali metals such as potassium acetate, sodium acetate and lithium oxalate. , Dialkyl hydroxylamines such as dimethyl hydroxylamine and diethyl hydroxylamine, guanidyl groups such as tetramethylguanidylpropyltrimethoxysilane, tetramethylguanidylpropylmethyldimethoxysilane and tetramethylguanidylpropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silanes. Examples thereof include silanes and siloxanes containing the above, but these are not limited to one of them, and may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds. The blending amount of these curing catalysts is preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, particularly 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organopolysiloxane.

When the composition for the film layer is an addition reaction curing type silicone rubber composition, the organopolysiloxane used as the base polymer has an alkenyl group, preferably a vinyl group, at the end of the molecular chain and / or in the molecular chain. The main chain is basically a diorganosiloxane unit having at least two, preferably 0.01 to 15 mol%, particularly 0.02 to 5 mol% of the total substituents (R ^{4 of the} average composition formula (III)). It is preferable that the diorganopolysiloxane is a linear diorganopolysiloxane in which both ends of the molecular chain are sealed with a triorganosyloxy group. The organopolysiloxane may be liquid or gum-like (raw rubber-like), and its viscosity at 25 ° C. is 100 to 20,000,000 mPa · s, particularly preferably 200 to 10,000,000 mPa · s.

As the cross-linking agent for the addition reaction curing type silicone rubber composition, at least two (usually 2 to 200) hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms in one molecule, preferably three or more (for example, for example). Organohydrogenpolysiloxane having (about 3 to 100) is used. The molecular structure of this organohydrogenpolysiloxane is not particularly limited, and may be any of a linear, cyclic, branched, three-dimensional network structure, etc., and the number of silicon atoms in the molecule (or degree of polymerization). ) Can be usually 2 to 250 pieces, preferably about 3 to 150 pieces. As the organohydrogenpolysiloxane, known ones can be used, and those represented by the following average composition formula (IV) can be used, but the viscosity at 25 ° C. is 500 mPa · s or less, particularly 1 to 300 mPa ·. The one with s is preferable.

^{_{H e R 5 f SiO (4}} -ef) / 2 (IV)
In the above formula, R ² is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group that does not independently contain an aliphatic unsaturated bond, and is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon that does not contain an aliphatic unsaturated bond of R ^2. Examples of the group include the same as those exemplified as R ⁴ of the general formula (III), and typical ones have 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and are preferable. Is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, a phenyl group, and a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group. e and f are numbers such that 0 <e <2, 0.8 ≦ f ≦ 2 and 0.8 <e + f ≦ 3, preferably 0.05 ≦ e ≦ 1, 1.5 ≦ f ≦ 2. It is a number such that 1.8 ≦ e + f ≦ 2.7.

Examples of such organohydrogenpolysiloxanes include 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyltetracyclosiloxane, 1,3,5,7, Siloxane oligomers such as 8-pentamethylpentacyclosiloxane, methylhydrogencyclopolysiloxane, methylhydrogensiloxane / dimethylsiloxane cyclic copolymer, tris (dimethylhydrogensiloxy) methylsilane, tris (dimethylhydrogensiloxy) phenylsilane; Trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane at both ends of the molecular chain, trimethylsiloxy group-blocked dimethylsiloxane / methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer at both ends of the molecular chain, silanol group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane at both ends of the molecular chain, both ends of the molecular chain Cyranol group-blocked dimethylsiloxane / methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer, molecular chain double-ended dimethylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane, molecular chain double-ended dimethylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, molecular chain double-ended dimethylhydro Genciloxy group-blocking dimethylsiloxane, methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer, etc .; consisting of R ₂ (H) SiO _1/2 unit and SiO _4/2 unit, optionally R ₃ SiO _1/2 unit, R ₂ SiO _{2 /} Silicone resin that can contain ₂ units, R (H) SiO _2/2 units, (H) SiO _3/2 units or RSiO _3/2 units (where R is the unsubstituted or substituted as exemplified as R ⁵ above in the formula. In addition to the same as the substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group), in these exemplified compounds, a part or all of the methyl group is substituted with another alkyl group such as an ethyl group or a propyl group or a phenyl group. And so on.

The amount to be used is preferably 0.3 to 10 mol, particularly 0.5 to 5 mol, of SiH groups per 1 mol of alkenyl groups of the organopolysiloxane of the base polymer.

It is preferable to further add a curing catalyst in a catalytic amount to this addition reaction curing type silicone rubber composition. This curing catalyst may be known as an addition reaction catalyst, and a Group VIII metal or a compound thereof, particularly a platinum compound, is preferably used. Examples of this platinum compound include chloroplatinic acid, a complex of platinum and an olefin, and the like. The amount of the catalyst added is preferably 0.1 to 2,000 ppm, particularly 1 to 500 ppm, as the group VIII metal with respect to the organopolysiloxane of the base polymer.

In the composition for a film layer of the present invention, if necessary, various fillers may be blended as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. The filler includes fine powder silica, silica aerogel, precipitated silica, diatomaceous earth, metal oxides such as iron oxide, zinc oxide and aluminum oxide, metal nitrides such as boron nitride and aluminum nitride, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and zinc carbonate. Examples thereof include metal carbonates such as, asbestos, glass wool, carbon black, fine powder mica, molten silica powder, and synthetic resin powders such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene. The blending amount of these fillers is arbitrary as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and it is preferable that these fillers are dried in advance to remove water before use.
The surface of these fillers may be untreated or may be treated with a silane coupling agent, an organopolysiloxane, a fatty acid, or the like.

Further, as an additive, a pigment, a dye, an antiaging agent, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, an antimony oxide, a flame retardant such as chlorinated paraffin and the like can be added to the composition for the film layer.

Further, polyether as a thixophilic improver, antifungal agent, antibacterial agent, aminosilanes such as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as an adhesion aid, 3-2- (aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane, γ- Epoxysilanes such as glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and β- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane can also be blended.

The composition for a film layer can be obtained by uniformly mixing each of the above components, a filler and various additives thereof in a dry atmosphere.
The condensation reaction curing type or addition reaction curing type silicone rubber composition (composition for film layer) thus obtained is cured to become a silicone rubber cured product. Here, as for the curing conditions of the coating layer composition, a conventional method according to the curing type is adopted.
For example, in the case of the condensation reaction curing type, curing conditions of 24 to 240 hours are usually adopted at room temperature, and in the case of the addition reaction curing type, curing is performed at a temperature of room temperature (25 ± 10 ° C.) to 200 ° C. (curing). The time depends on the temperature (a few minutes to a few hours).

The hardness of the film layer 20 is not particularly limited, but the durometer type A hardness is preferably 5 to 80, more preferably 10 to 70. If the hardness of the film layer 20 is too low or too high, it may be damaged by water pressure or the like.

As the silicone rubber composition used for forming the film layer 20, a known sealant material can be used. For example, as a condensation reaction curing type, M coat 56, sealant master 300, sealant master 300G, S coat As an addition reaction curing type such as 57 (both manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), KE-1300T, KE-1600 (both manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used. Since S coat 57 contains xylene, it is desirable to avoid using it in a sealed place such as a fireproof water tank in consideration of toxicity when volatilizing. When construction is carried out outdoors such as in an open channel for agriculture, xylene is volatilized in the atmosphere, but it is preferable to use a protective device such as a mask to prevent the operator from inhaling it during the work. For the same reason, it is desirable to avoid using primers and the like containing organic solvents. Further, when the surface is treated with a primer, the strength of the formed film is thin and weak, so that it does not exhibit sufficient waterproof performance against the penetration of groundwater.
Therefore, in the present invention, a sealant material such as M coat 56 or a sealant master 300 whose strength of the formed film layer can withstand the permeation of water is more preferable.

As the sealant material, a one-component room temperature condensation type is preferable from the viewpoint of workability. The gas produced as a by-product at this time is not particularly limited, and may be any of a deoxime type, a deacetone type, and a dealcohol type, but the deacetic acid type often dislikes odor and is preferably avoided.

The thickness of the film layer 20 is preferably 0.01 to 2 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 2 mm. If it is less than 0.01 mm, the strength of the formed film layer is not sufficient, and the durability against the penetration of moisture is insufficient. If it is thicker than 2 mm, the coating thickness will be uneven and the time required to form the film layer will be long, which will reduce workability and increase the amount of material used, resulting in high cost. become. For example, when the above M coat 56 is used to form a film layer having a thickness of 0.3 mm, the amount of the composition used is approximately 350 to 450 g / m ² .

The film layer 20 does not necessarily need to be transparent due to its characteristics, but it is preferable that the film layer 20 has transparency in consideration of the appearance and maintainability of the construction portion.

The waterproof construction method of the present invention will be described in more detail with specific examples.

[In the case of a small open channel for agriculture]
FIGS. 4 to 6 show an example in which the waterproof construction method of the present invention is applied to a joint portion of a small agricultural open channel.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a film layer is formed on both side regions of a joint portion of a small agricultural open channel, and FIG. 5 is a small agricultural open channel in which a waterproof sheet is attached on the film layer. It is a perspective view which shows the state which covered the area on both sides including the joint part of a water channel with a waterproof sheet. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the waterproof construction method according to the present invention is applied to a plurality of joints on a small agricultural waterway.
Reference numeral 30 in the figure is a small open channel for agriculture, and reference numerals 31, 32, and 33 are an open channel side surface, an open channel bottom surface, and an open channel joint, respectively. Further, reference numeral 331 indicates a sealant filled in the joint portion 33.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the film layer 20 is formed in the regions on both sides of the joint portion 33 of the small agricultural open channel 30, but before the film layer 20 is formed, the open channel side surface 31 is opened. It is preferable to remove moss, sand, grass, etc. at the construction site on the bottom surface 32 of the water channel with a metal brush. Although it depends on the degree of unevenness, if gravel or the like does not protrude on the surface and there is not much difference in elevation, the cleaning step is not always necessary. The guideline for the height difference at this time is approximately 1 mm or less. Next, the inside of the open channel joint 33 is also cleaned with a metal spatula or the like. In addition, use a brush to remove fine sand and dust from the entire construction site. If there is a gap in the joint 33 as shown in FIG. 4 (usually about 10 mm or more), fill the cleaned joint 33 with a sealant and use a spatula to prevent groundwater from entering from the outside of the open channel. Smooth (indicated by 331 in the figure). After that, as a silicone rubber composition for forming the film layer 20, M coat 56 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) or the like is thinly spread with a brush on the portion where the waterproof sheet is to be attached, and surface treatment is performed. In this case, the amount to be used may be 350 to 450 g / m ² as a guide. After the surface treatment, wait about 5 to 10 minutes until the moisture on the treated surface dries and the silicone rubber composition is cured. In this example, it is not particularly necessary to perform the above surface treatment on the sealant 331, but it does not prevent the surface treatment from being performed.

Next, the waterproof sheet 10 is cut in a strip shape in advance according to the place to be used, and the protective film 13 protecting the adhesive layer 12 is peeled off (see FIG. 1).
Both ends of the waterproof sheet 10 are held with the adhesive layer 12 facing downward, and the adhesive layer 12 is attached to the film layers 20 and 20 and the sealant 331 formed above from the center in the longitudinal direction.
The waterproof sheet 10 is attached from the vicinity of the center in the width direction of the water channel 30, and then the waterproof sheet 10 is sequentially pressed toward both sides in the width direction of the water channel and attached along the joint portion 33 (FIG. FIG. 5, see FIG. 6). After the waterproof sheet 10 has been attached to both ends thereof, the waterproof sheet 10 is further adhered by pressing the waterproof sheet 10 evenly with a hand or the like. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the waterproof sheet 10 is attached along the joint portions 33 at a plurality of locations of the small agricultural open channel 30.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, in order to prevent water from entering the joint portion 33 of the small agricultural open channel, the water is tightly attached so as to cover the boundary portion. Normally, the width of the joint portion 33 is often 50 mm or less, and if the width of the waterproof sheet is 100 to 200 mm, the joint portion can be covered. In the case of a small open channel, if the length of the waterproof sheet is 1,000 mm, it can be attached without a seam.

[For fireproof water tank]
FIGS. 7 and 8 show an example in which the waterproof construction method of the present invention is applied to the inner surface of a fireproof water tank buried underground.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a waterproof sheet is attached to the inner surface of the fireproof water tank buried in the ground to perform waterproof treatment, and FIG. 8 shows a part of the fireproof water tank of FIG. It is an enlarged sectional view. Reference numeral 40 in the figure is a fireproof water tank, and reference numerals 41 and 42 are an inner surface of the fireproof water tank and a water injection port of the fireproof water tank, respectively. Further, reference numerals 10 and 20 indicate a waterproof sheet and a film layer, respectively, as described above.

In the fireproof water tank, a silicone tarpaulin is used as an emergency measure when the water tank wall is cracked for some reason. However, since it is buried underground, the influence of water due to the infiltration of groundwater is expected. Therefore, it is preferable that the entire inner surface 41 of the fireproof water tank is surface-treated with the above-mentioned M coat 56 to form a film layer 20 before the waterproof sheet is attached to reduce the influence of seepage water. After that, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of waterproof sheets 10 are attached to carry out waterproof construction. The procedure for construction is the same as for the small agricultural open channel described above, after cleaning the construction part (inner surface 41 of the fireproof water tank), surface treatment of the construction surface (formation of a film layer), and attachment of a waterproof sheet. Perform sequentially.

When a plurality of waterproof sheets are used, as shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable that the adjacent waterproof sheets 10 and 10 are overlapped with a predetermined width, and the width of the overlapping portion is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 mm. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 20 mm. If it is smaller than 5 mm, peeling may occur during construction, the boundary portion cannot be completely covered, and the waterproof function may not be achieved. If it is 50 mm or more, the required amount of the waterproof sheet for covering the boundary portion increases, resulting in high cost.

In addition, in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the film layer 20 was formed on the entire inner surface 41 of the water tank, and the waterproof sheet 10 was attached on the film layer 20. However, if necessary, the film layer was formed on the inner surface of the water tank. It may be limited to joints or leak points. In this case, the waterproof sheet may be attached to the entire inner surface of the water tank as long as it can cover at least the joints or the leaked portion, or may be attached only to the formed portion of the film layer.

[For box culvert]
FIG. 9 shows an example in which the waterproof construction method of the present invention is applied to the joint portion of a concrete box culvert.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which a waterproof sheet is attached to the joint portion of the box culvert to perform waterproof treatment. Reference numeral 50 in the drawing is a box culvert, and reference numerals 51, 52 and 53 are a box culvert ceiling portion, a box culvert side surface and a box culvert joint portion, respectively. Further, reference numeral 10 indicates a waterproof sheet as described above.

The procedure for construction is the same as above, after cleaning the construction portion (that is, the box culvert ceiling portion 51, the box culvert side surface 52, and the box culvert joint portion 53), and then surface-treating the construction surface (formation of the film layer 20). , The waterproof sheet 10 is attached in sequence. In the case of box culverts, it is expected that not only groundwater but also rainwater will permeate more than the above-mentioned small agricultural open channels and fire protection tanks, so a water guide hose will be installed before construction. You may. An example of a water guiding hose is Kuraray Lip (manufactured by Kuraray Plastics Co., Ltd.).

In FIG. 9, the waterproof sheet 10 is attached to a wider range than the film layer formation range, but the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the film layer It may be attached so as to leave a margin with respect to the forming range.

If there is a step on the construction surface such as the boundary of the structure, it is assumed that excessive stress will be applied to the surface to which the waterproof sheet is attached. Therefore, measures should be taken to eliminate the step. Is preferable. As a means for eliminating the step, for example, a method of laying mortar on the step portion or using a backup material can be mentioned.

Further, although it is not always necessary to use a sealing material when the waterproof sheet is attached, a sealing material may be used at the boundary portion of the sheet or the overlapping portion between the sheet and the sheet in order to attach the waterproof sheet more firmly. The sealing material is not particularly limited, and any known silicone-based, polysulfide-based, polyurethane-based, or the like can be used, but the silicone sealing material is preferably used in terms of compatibility with the waterproof sheet material of the present invention. Used. Commercially available products may be used as such a sealant. For example, as the silicone sealant, Sealant Master 300, Sealant 70, Sealant 701 or the like manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used. Further, Polyma Ace HJ-14S and HJ-1588L manufactured by Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. can also be used as a sealing material.

In the waterproof construction method of the present invention, by using the adhesive waterproof sheet, the construction can be carried out without a primer, and the construction period can be significantly shortened.
In the past, the sealing material was directly applied or waterproofing was not performed specially, but it is installed when there is a difference in temperature due to the climate or when there is a lot of moisture such as rain and snow and dew condensation occurs. There was a problem that construction could not be done until the surface was dry. Since the waterproof construction method of the present invention can be carried out without a primer, even if moisture remains on the adhesive surface, the construction can be carried out by simply wiping it off with a waste cloth or the like, and the construction can be started immediately after the weather recovers. It has characteristics.

In the waterproof construction method of the present invention, since the waterproof sheet adheres to the construction surface to exert a waterproof function, it can be easily peeled off and the inside can be observed by simply removing the fixing seal portion at the end of the sheet. .. When the waterproof sheet and the film layer are transparent, the inside can be observed without peeling the waterproof sheet and the film layer from the construction surface.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. In the following example, parts indicate parts by mass and% indicates mass%.

[Making a tarpaulin]
(1) Preparation of Waterproof Sheet A C-19A / 1.0 part, C-19B / 2.5 part (C-19A / 1.0 part, C-19B / 2.5 part) as a curing agent in the mirrorable silicone rubber composition KE-675-U (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) In each case, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was added and mixed with two rolls, and then molded into a sheet with a thickness of 0.8 mm on a 100 μm grained PET film by calendar molding, and 140 in a continuous heating furnace. It was heat-cured at ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a base material layer A in a state of being laminated on a PET film.
On the other hand, 92.5 parts of dimethylpolysiloxane having an average polymerization degree of 1,000 with both ends sealed with a dimethylvinylsiloxy group, solid at room temperature (25 ° C.) (CH ₂ = CH) (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiO _{1 /} Resin polymer consisting of ₂ units, (CH ₃ ) ₃ SiO _1/2 units and SiO ₂ units [((CH ₂ = CH) (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiO _1/2 units + (CH ₃ ) ₃ SiO _{1 / 2} units) / SiO ₂ units (molar ratio) = 0.85, CH ₂ = CH-group content: 0.0008 mol / g] A 50% toluene solution containing 7.5 parts was placed in a stirring mixer and 30 was added. After partial mixing, toluene was completely distilled off (alkenyl group amount 0.008865 mol / g). In 100 parts of this silicone base, 6 resin copolymers (SiH group amount 0.0013 mol / g) having SiH groups mainly composed of (CH ₃ ) ₂ HSiO _1/2 units and SiO ₂ units as a cross-linking agent. .0 parts, 0.1 part of ethynylcyclohexanol as a reaction control agent was added, and stirring was continued for 15 minutes to obtain a siloxane-containing mixture. 0.2 part of a platinum catalyst (Pt concentration 1%) was mixed with this siloxane-containing mixture to obtain a silicone gel composition A for an adhesive layer.
The base material layer A is laminated and coated with the silicone gel composition so as to have a thickness of 1.0 mm using a comma coater, and heat-cured at 140 ° C. for 5 minutes in a heating furnace to form a two-layer waterproof sheet A. Got The average thickness of the obtained waterproof sheet A was 1.8 mm.

(2) Preparation of tarpaulin B IPC spec 1080 glass cloth (thickness 0.055 mm, manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.) with liquid silicone rubber composition KE-1950-60A / KE-1950-60B = 1/1 (either A mixed dispersion of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was applied to both sides of the glass cloth using a coater device, and heat-cured at 150 ° C. for 15 minutes in a vulcanizer to obtain a base material layer B having an average thickness of 0.5 mm. Obtained.
The base material layer B is laminated and coated with the silicone gel composition so as to have a thickness of 1.0 mm using a comma coater, and heat-cured at 140 ° C. for 5 minutes in a heating furnace to obtain a four-layer structure waterproof sheet B. Got The average thickness of the obtained waterproof sheet B was 1.5 mm.

[Example 1]
Condensation reaction curing type M coat 56 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is applied with a brush on the surface (surface area 741 cm ² ) of a hollow concrete block (class C) basic type for construction, and left overnight at room temperature. A film layer was formed. Then, the waterproof sheet A produced above was attached to the entire surface of the film layer formed on the concrete block from the adhesive layer side (see FIG. 10 (A). The reference numerals in the drawings are the same as above). The coating amount of the M coat 56 at this time was 30 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 0.3 mm from the specific gravity conversion. Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, sealing is performed with a sealant master 300 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) in an L shape along the short side direction of the surface to which the waterproof sheet is attached, and the test piece 1 and the test piece 1 are sealed. did. The remaining two sides (long sides) were not sealed.

[Example 2]
A test body 2 was obtained by attaching the waterproof sheet in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the waterproof sheet B was used instead of the waterproof sheet A.

[Example 3]
Specimen 3 by attaching the waterproof sheet A in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the condensation reaction curing type sealant master 300G was applied to the surface of the building cavity concrete block (class C) basic type 10 cm with a spatula. Got The amount of the sealant master 300G applied at this time was 38 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 0.4 mm from the specific gravity conversion.

[Comparative Example 1]
A waterproof sheet A was directly attached to the surface of a hollow concrete block for construction (class C) having a basic shape of 10 cm to obtain a comparative test piece 1.

[Comparative Example 2]
A comparative test piece 2 was obtained by attaching the waterproof sheet in the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 except that the waterproof sheet B was used instead of the waterproof sheet A.

[Comparative Example 3]
Silicone resin (Primer MT, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied by brushing on the surface of a hollow concrete block for construction (class C) with a basic shape of 10 cm. Other than that, the waterproof sheet A was attached in the same procedure as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative test body 3. The coating amount of the primer MT at this time was 23 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 0.14 mm from the specific gravity conversion.

[Comparative Example 4]
Acrylic / urethane-based primer (Primer R-3, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was applied by brushing on the surface of a hollow concrete block (class C) basic shape 10 cm for construction. Other than that, the waterproof sheet A was attached in the same procedure as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative test body 4. At this time, the coating amount of the primer R-3 was 33 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 0.13 mm from the specific gravity conversion.

[Comparative Example 5]
A urethane-based primer (UP-602, manufactured by Akashi Kako Co., Ltd.) was applied by brushing to the surface of a hollow concrete block (class C) basic shape 10 cm for construction. Other than that, the waterproof sheet A was attached in the same procedure as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative test body 5. The coating amount of UP-602 at this time was 28 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 0.14 mm from the specific gravity conversion.

[Comparative Example 6]
The main agent and curing agent of a two-component epoxy resin (Permicron Guard P, manufactured by Biochemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed at a ratio of 1: 1. A mixture of the above-mentioned permicron guard P was applied with a spatula on the surface of a hollow concrete block (class C) basic shape 10 cm for construction. A comparative test body 6 was obtained by attaching the waterproof sheet A in the same procedure as in Example 1 except for the above. At this time, the coating amount of the mixture of Permicron Guard P was 126 g, and the thickness of the film layer was calculated to be 1.0 mm from the specific gravity conversion.

Each of the test specimens prepared above was allowed to stand at room temperature for one week, and then all the test specimens were placed side by side in a running water channel and allowed to stand. At this time, the surface to which the waterproof sheet was attached was placed on top so that the entire test piece was immersed in water, and one of the sealed sides was set to be on the upstream side of the water flow. Each test piece was taken out of the running channel after 50 days and evaluated for the following items. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(Adhesiveness before flooding)
◯: Good adhesiveness △: Weak adhesiveness ×: Non-adhesive

(Peeling force)
The waterproof sheet attached to each test piece pulled up from the running water channel was cut with a cutter to a width of 25 mm in the length direction, and the sheet was peeled off from the end. At this time, the force at which the sheet was peeled off was measured as the peeling force using a spring scale. The measurement was carried out immediately after the test piece was withdrawn from the running water channel (within 2 hours) and 5 days after the withdrawal.
(Adhesiveness after flooding) Wetness of the adherend surface)
◯: No particular problem ×: The adherend surface was wet (state of adhesive peeling after flooding)
Judgment was performed immediately after the test piece was withdrawn from the running channel (within 2 hours) and 5 days later.
◯: Strong (peeling force is 2 kg or more, adhesive layer is coagulated and broken on the entire surface to be adhered)
Δ: Slightly weak (peeling force is less than 1 to 2 kg, adhesive layer is agglomerated and broken at a part of the adherend surface)
X: Weak (peeling force is less than 1 kg, adhesive layer peels off the interface on the entire surface to be adhered)
(Water blocking effect on adhesive surface)
A comprehensive judgment was made from the contents after the above inundation. Judgment was performed immediately after the test piece was withdrawn from the running channel (within 2 hours) and 5 days later.
○: Yes △: Since the peeling force is a little weak, there is a high possibility of flooding in the long term ×: None, there is a high possibility that the tarpaulin will peel off in the long term

In addition, when each of the above test pieces was prepared, the surface treatment workability at the time of forming the film layer and the work risk in the sealed state were evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(Surface treatment workability)
The actual workability was judged.
◯: No particular problem ×: Mixing work is required because it is a two-component solution, and it takes time to cure the surface (danger of work in a sealed state)
The danger due to the toxicity of the organic solvent was determined on the assumption that the work would be done in a sealed environment. This item is not relevant for working in the open.
○: No problem ×: Not suitable for work in a sealed state because it contains organic solvent

10 Tarpaulin 11 Base material layer 111 Rubber sheet 112 Reinforcement layer 12 Adhesive layer 13 Protective film 20 Film layer 30 Small agricultural open channel 31 Side of open channel 32 Bottom of open channel 33 Joint of open channel 331 Sealant 40 Fireproof water tank 41 Inner surface of fireproof water tank 42 Fireproof water tank water inlet 50 Box calvert 51 Box calvert ceiling 52 Box calvert side 53 Box calvert joint

Claims (10)

A waterproof sheet provided on a concrete structure or a mortar structure with a base material layer obtained by curing a silicone rubber composition and an adhesive layer made of a cured product of the silicone gel composition laminated on one surface of the base material layer. It is a waterproof construction method to be attached,
When the concrete structure or mortar structure has joints or water leaks,
A silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by a condensation reaction or addition reaction is applied and cured at or near a portion of the surface of a concrete structure or mortar structure that should be water-stopped, and a film is applied so as to cover the above joint or leaked portion. Form a layer,
A waterproof construction method characterized in that the adhesive layer side of the waterproof sheet is attached to the film layer by covering the joint or the leaked portion . A waterproof sheet provided on a concrete structure or a mortar structure with a base material layer obtained by curing a silicone rubber composition and an adhesive layer made of a cured product of the silicone gel composition laminated on one surface of the base material layer. It is a waterproof construction method to be attached,
When the concrete structure or mortar structure has joints or water leaks,
A silicone rubber composition that cures at room temperature by a condensation reaction or addition reaction is applied and cured at or near a portion of the surface of a concrete structure or mortar structure that should be water-stopped , and both sides of the joint or the leaked portion are sandwiched. A film layer is formed in the area ,
Waterproofing execution method overlying Symbol joint or leak portion, characterized in that adhering the adhesive layer side of the waterproof sheet to the coating layer. The waterproof construction method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a sealant is filled in the gap between the joint or the leaked portion. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the thickness of the film layer is 0.01 to 2 mm. Any of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the silicone rubber composition that is cured at room temperature by a condensation reaction or an addition reaction that forms the film layer contains an organopolysiloxane represented by the following average composition formula (III). The waterproof construction method described in item 1.
R ⁴ _d SiO _{(4-d) / 2} (III)
(In the formula, R ⁴ represents the same or different substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and d is a positive number in the range of 1.90 to 2.05.) The above silicone gel composition
(A) Organopolysiloxane containing an alkenyl group bonded to at least two silicon atoms in one molecule.
(B) Main components are R ² ₃ SiO _1/2 unit (in the formula, R ² is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, but R ² contains an alkenyl group) and SiO ₂ unit. Resin copolymer,
(C) Organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms,
(D) The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the addition reaction catalyst is contained and the hardness after curing is 3 to 20 with a CSR-2 type hardness tester. A plurality of waterproof sheets are installed side by side to cover the part including the part that prevents the ingress of moisture in a liquid-tight manner, and the waterproof sheets adjacent to each other are liquid-tightly overlapped and attached with the width of the overlapping part being 5 mm or more. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the waterproof sheet is installed at a joint portion or a leaked portion of a small agricultural open channel. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the waterproof sheet is installed at the joint portion or the leaked portion of the fireproof water tank. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the waterproof sheet is installed at the joint portion of the box culvert or the leaked portion.

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