JP6767822B2 - Power line emergency shutoff device and power line emergency shutoff system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an emergency shutoff device provided in a power supply line to which power is supplied from a distributed power source.

In recent years, photovoltaic power generation systems using solar panels have become widespread. On the other hand, in a photovoltaic power generation system, when a fire breaks out, a firefighter may come into contact with a power line with a broken solar panel and receive an electric shock. In order to prevent such cases, the use of a power line emergency shutdown system (rapid shutdown system) is advancing. The power line emergency cutoff system shuts off the DC power line of a distributed power source such as a solar panel in an emergency. As a result, the power supply line of the distributed power source is reduced to no voltage in an emergency, and electric shock and re-ignition can be prevented.

Non-Patent Document 1 provides an outline of the configuration of a rapid shutdown system including an emergency shutoff device and an emergency shutoff button. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration having a switch provided with a switch for electrically connecting or opening the solar cell and the power conditioner, and a switching means for switching the switch from the outside of the junction box accommodating the switch. ing.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-5624

Proposals for products for smart grids, for rapid shutdown systems, [online], [Search on August 30, 2016], Internet <URL: https://www3.panasonic.biz/ac/j/control/relay/ enemane / application / ac / index.jsp # smg005 ＞

However, in the power line emergency shutoff system as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, when a fire breaks out, for example, the electric wire between the emergency shutoff button and the emergency shutoff device burns and breaks, and the emergency shutoff device is operated. Unforeseen circumstances such as becoming impossible are assumed.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a configuration as a power line emergency cutoff device capable of shutting off a power line more safely and more reliably.

When the power line emergency cutoff device according to the present invention receives a cutoff signal transmitted wirelessly, the power supply line is cut off by a cutoff mechanism. As a result, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line can be safely and reliably cut off remotely.

That is, in the aspect of the present invention, the emergency cutoff device provided in the power supply line to which power is supplied from the distributed power source includes a cutoff mechanism configured to be able to cut off the power supply line and the power supply line emergency cutoff device. A communication unit configured to be able to receive a cutoff signal wirelessly transmitted from the outside, and a control unit that controls the cutoff mechanism so as to cut off the power supply line when the communication unit receives the cutoff signal . The control unit includes a detecting means for detecting an event indicating a possibility of fire in the vicinity of the power line emergency shutoff device, and the control unit receives the shutoff signal when the communication unit receives the shutoff signal. When an elephant is detected, the shutoff mechanism is controlled so as to shut off the power supply line, while when the detection means does not detect the event, the shutoff mechanism is controlled so as not to shut off the power supply line.

According to this aspect, in the power line emergency cutoff device, when the communication unit receives a cutoff signal wirelessly transmitted from the outside of the device, the control unit controls the cutoff mechanism so as to cut off the power supply line. That is, the power supply line can be cut off by wirelessly transmitting a cutoff signal to the power supply line emergency cutoff device. Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line can be safely and reliably cut off remotely. Further, since the detection means detects an event indicating the possibility of a fire, the fire can be recognized earlier. Further, even if the cutoff signal is received, if the detecting means does not detect an event indicating the possibility of fire, the power supply line is not cut off, so that malfunction can be prevented.

Then, in the above aspect, the power supply unit that receives power from the power supply line and supplies power to the communication unit and the control unit may be provided.

This configuration facilitates the installation of the power line emergency shutoff device, simplifies the configuration, and reduces costs.

Further, in the above aspect, when the communication unit receives the cutoff signal, the control unit cuts off the power supply line when the cutoff signal includes an identifier that identifies the power supply line emergency cutoff device. While controlling the cutoff mechanism, when the identifier is not included, the cutoff mechanism may be controlled so as not to cut off the power supply line.

With this configuration, when the cutoff signal does not include an identifier that identifies the power line emergency cutoff device, the power supply line is not cut off, so that malfunction can be prevented.

Also, in the embodiment, the control unit, when said detection means detects the event, to the communication unit, a warning signal is transmitted to the outside of the power supply line emergency shutoff device may be.

According to this configuration, when an event indicating the possibility of fire is detected by the detection means, a warning signal is transmitted to the outside of the power line emergency shutoff device. For example, by receiving this warning signal by the operating device. , The fire can be recognized earlier.

Also, in the embodiment of the present invention, a power supply line emergency shutdown apparatus according to the embodiment, in the power supply line emergency shutdown system which includes an operating device for operating the power supply line emergency off device, the operating device, emergency shutdown operation When an emergency cutoff operation is performed on the operation switch, a cutoff signal transmission unit configured to wirelessly transmit the cutoff signal to the power supply line emergency cutoff device, and the cutoff signal. It is provided with a control unit that controls the cutoff signal transmission unit so as to transmit.

According to this configuration, by performing an emergency shutoff operation on the operation switch in the operating device, a shutoff signal is wirelessly transmitted to the power line emergency shutoff device to shut off the power supply line. Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line can be safely and reliably cut off remotely.

Further, in the aspect of the present invention, in the power supply line emergency shutoff system including the power supply line emergency cutoff device according to the above aspect and the operation device for operating the power supply line emergency cutoff device, the operation device is connected via the Internet. A communication unit configured to be able to receive a cutoff instruction signal to be transmitted, a cutoff signal transmission unit configured to be able to wirelessly transmit the cutoff signal to the power line emergency cutoff device, and the communication unit to be configured to receive the cutoff instruction signal. Is provided, the control unit controls the cutoff signal transmission unit so as to transmit the cutoff signal when the signal is received.

According to this configuration, by transmitting the cutoff instruction signal to the operating device via the Internet, the cutoff signal is wirelessly transmitted to the power line emergency cutoff device, and the power line can be cut off. Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line can be safely and reliably cut off remotely .

According to the present invention, the power line emergency shutoff device can safely and reliably shut off a power supply line to which power is supplied from a distributed power source in an emergency such as a fire.

Configuration diagram of the power line emergency shutoff system according to the first embodiment (A) to (c) are configuration examples of the blocking mechanism. Configuration diagram of the power line emergency shutoff system according to the second embodiment Flow chart showing an operation example of the power line emergency shutoff system of FIG. Configuration diagram of the power line emergency shutoff system according to the third embodiment

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power line emergency shutoff system according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, power is supplied to the power conditioner (PCS) 2 from the solar panel 1, which is an example of the distributed power source, via the power supply line 3. The solar panel 1 is installed, for example, on the roof of a house. The power conditioner 2 converts the DC power generated by the solar panel 1 into AC power having a commercial frequency and links it with the commercial power supply system.

The power supply line 3 is provided with a power supply line emergency cutoff device (hereinafter, simply referred to as an emergency cutoff device) 10. The emergency shutoff device 10 shuts off the power supply line 3 when the cutoff signal SS is received in an emergency. As a result, in an emergency such as a fire, it is possible to prevent an electric shock accident such as a firefighter or a re-fire. The emergency cutoff device 10 includes a cutoff mechanism 11 configured to cut off the power supply line 3, a communication unit 12 configured to be able to receive a cutoff signal SS wirelessly transmitted from the outside of the emergency cutoff device 10. It includes a control unit 13 that controls the operation of the cutoff mechanism 11. The control unit 13 includes, for example, a microcomputer or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and controls the cutoff mechanism 11 so as to cut off the power supply line 3 when the communication unit 12 receives the cutoff signal SS. As the communication means of the cutoff signal SS, for example, short-range wireless communication, infrared communication, or the like may be used. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing an electric shock accident, the emergency shutoff device 10 is preferably provided at a position close to the solar panel 1.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the blocking mechanism. FIG. 2A shows an example configured by using the mechanical relay 111. FIG. 2B shows an example in which a semiconductor switch 112 using a junction FET (Field Effect Transistor) and a level conversion circuit 113 are used. FIG. 2C shows an example configured by using the photo FET 114 and the drive circuit 115. In addition, in FIG. 1 and the like, the cutoff mechanism 11 is provided on both the P pole side and the N pole side of the power supply line 3, but it may be provided on either side.

Further, the emergency shutoff device 10 includes a power supply unit 14 that supplies power to the communication unit 12 and the control unit 13. Here, it is assumed that the power supply unit 14 receives electric power from the power supply line 3. As a result, it is not necessary to bother to arrange the power supply wiring from the commercial power source for the emergency shutoff device 10, so that the installation becomes easy, the configuration becomes simple, and the cost can be reduced. When the power is not output from the solar panel 1, there is no problem because it is not necessary to operate the emergency shutoff device 10 in the first place. Further, the emergency shutoff device 10 may be supplied with power from another power source such as a commercial power source or a battery.

The operation device 20 operates the emergency shutoff device 10, and is installed in a place away from the emergency shutoff device 10, for example, in the garden of a house where the solar panel 1 is installed. The operation device 20 performed an emergency cutoff operation on the operation switch 21 for performing an emergency cutoff operation, the cutoff signal transmission unit 22 configured to be able to transmit the cutoff signal SS to the emergency cutoff device, and the operation switch 21. At this time, a control unit 23 that controls the cutoff signal transmission unit 22 so as to transmit the cutoff signal SS is provided. The operation switch 21 is, for example, a push button switch, and is operated by a firefighter, a manager of the solar panel 1, or the like in an emergency such as a fire. The power supply unit 24 supplies power to the operation switch 21 and the like.

According to the present embodiment, in the emergency cutoff device 10, when the communication unit 12 receives the cutoff signal SS wirelessly transmitted from the outside of the device, the control unit 13 controls the cutoff mechanism 11 so as to cut off the power supply line 3. .. That is, the power supply line 3 can be cut off by wirelessly transmitting the cutoff signal SS to the emergency cutoff device 10. Further, by performing an emergency shutoff operation on the operation switch 21 of the operation device 20, the cutoff signal SS can be wirelessly transmitted to the emergency shutoff device 10 to shut off the power supply line 3. Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line 3 can be safely and surely shut off remotely.

It is preferable that the cutoff signal transmission unit 22 transmits the cutoff signal SS including an identifier that identifies the emergency cutoff device 10. As the identifier, for example, the serial number assigned to each individual of the emergency shutoff device 10 may be used. In this case, when the communication unit 12 receives the cutoff signal SS and the cutoff signal SS includes a serial number that identifies its own emergency cutoff device 10, the control unit 13 in the emergency cutoff device 10 switches the power supply line 3. While the cutoff mechanism 11 is controlled so as to cut off, when the cutoff signal SS does not include the serial number specifying its own emergency cutoff device 10, the cutoff mechanism 11 may be controlled so as not to cut off the power supply line 3. .. As a result, even if the same type of emergency shutoff system is installed in the vicinity, it is possible to prevent malfunction due to a shutoff signal directed to another emergency shutoff device.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the cutoff signal SS may be made capable of being transmitted from another operating device 30 such as a tablet. As a result, even if an unexpected situation occurs, for example, in the event of a fire, the installed operating device 20 cannot be easily approached, or the operating device 20 is damaged and cannot be operated, the administrator of the solar panel 1 or the like can use it. The power supply line 3 can be shut off by operating the operating device 30 owned by the user. Further, the cutoff signal SS may be transmitted from the operating device possessed by the firefighter. By having a plurality of operating devices of the emergency shutoff device 10, it is possible to avoid the risk that the power supply line 3 cannot be shut off in an emergency. Note that some of the plurality of operating devices may transmit the cutoff signal SS via a wired connection.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power line emergency cutoff system according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are assigned to the configurations common to those in FIG. 1, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.

Similar to the first embodiment, the emergency shutoff device 10A shuts off the power supply line 3 when the cutoff signal SS is received in an emergency. As a result, in an emergency such as a fire, it is possible to prevent an electric shock accident such as a firefighter or a re-fire. The emergency shutoff device 10A includes a temperature sensor 15 that detects an abnormally overheated state of the device. The communication unit 12A can receive the cutoff signal SS wirelessly transmitted from the outside of the emergency cutoff device 10A, and can transmit the warning signal SA to the outside of the emergency cutoff device 10A. The control unit 13A includes, for example, a microcomputer or a DSP, and when the communication unit 12A receives the cutoff signal SS, the control unit 13A controls the cutoff mechanism 11 so as to cut off the power supply line 3, and the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormal overheat state. When this happens, the communication unit is made to transmit a warning signal SA. As the communication means of the cutoff signal SS and the warning signal SA, for example, short-range wireless communication, infrared communication, or the like may be used.

The temperature sensor 15 is an example of a detection means for detecting an event indicating the possibility of a fire in the vicinity of the emergency shutoff device 10A. When an abnormal overheating state is detected by the temperature sensor 15, it is highly probable that a fire has occurred around the emergency shutoff device 10A. As such a detecting means, a temperature detecting means for detecting an event indicating the possibility of a fire by detecting a temperature rise due to a fire, such as a temperature sensor 15 using a thermocouple, a thermista, an optical fiber, or the like. In addition, a flame detection means that detects the light generated from the flame and detects an event indicating the possibility of a fire, and a smoke detection means that detects the smoke generated at the time of a fire and detects an event indicating the possibility of a fire. May be used. Specifically, an infrared sensor that detects a flame by detecting the infrared spectrum generated from the flame, a photoelectric sensor that detects smoke by receiving scattered light generated by the inflow of smoke, and a change in ionization current due to smoke. An ionization sensor or the like that detects smoke by detecting the above can be used.

The operating device 20A includes a warning signal receiving unit 25 capable of receiving the warning signal SA transmitted from the emergency shutoff device 10A, and an alarm device 26. The control unit 23A controls the cutoff signal transmission unit 22 so as to transmit the cutoff signal SS when an emergency cutoff operation is performed on the operation switch 21, and when the warning signal receiving unit 25 receives the warning signal SA. The alarm device 26 is operated to notify the surroundings that there is a possibility of a fire. Further, when the warning signal SA is received by another operation device 30 such as a tablet, it may be notified via a screen, voice or the like.

Further, when the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormal overheating state, the emergency shutoff device 10A itself may be configured to notify the surroundings that there is a possibility of a fire.

According to the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 15 detects the abnormally overheated state of the emergency shutoff device 10A, so that the administrator of the solar panel 1 and the like can recognize the occurrence of a fire earlier. Further, when the temperature sensor 15 detects the abnormal overheating state of the emergency shutoff device 10A, the warning signal SA is transmitted to the outside of the emergency shutoff device 10A. Therefore, by receiving the warning signal SA by the operating device 20A or the like, the warning signal SA is transmitted. The manager of the solar panel 1 and the like can recognize the occurrence of a fire earlier.

Further, the detection of an event indicating the possibility of a fire may be used in combination with the cutoff control by the cutoff signal SS. For example, when the control unit 13A of the emergency shutoff device 10A receives the cutoff signal SS, it may determine whether or not to shut off the power supply line 3 depending on whether or not the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormal overheated state. ..

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the control unit 13A. Here, it is assumed that the control unit 13A repeatedly executes the operation shown in FIG. First, when the cutoff signal SS is received (YES in S11), it is determined whether or not the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormal overheating state (S12). When the abnormal overheating state is detected (YES in S12), it is considered that there is a high possibility that a fire has occurred, so the power supply line 3 is shut off (S13). On the other hand, when the abnormal overheating state is not detected (NO in S12), the power supply line 3 is not shut off (S16) and the process returns to S11. When the cutoff signal SS is not received (NO in S11), it is determined whether or not the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormal overheating state (S14). Then, when the abnormal overheating state is detected (YES in S14), it is considered that there is a high possibility that a fire has occurred, so a warning signal SA is transmitted (S15) and the process returns to S11. On the other hand, when the abnormal overheating state is not detected (NO in S14), the process returns to S11.

By such an operation, even if the emergency shutoff device 10A receives the shutoff signal SS, if an event indicating the possibility of fire is not detected, the power supply line 3 is not shut off, so that a malfunction can be prevented.

<Modification example>
In the emergency shutoff device 10A according to the present embodiment, the control unit 13A may control the shutoff mechanism 11 to shut off the power supply line 3 when the temperature sensor 15 detects an abnormally overheated state. In this case, the emergency shutoff device 10A shown in FIG. 3 may be configured without the communication unit 12A. That is, in the present disclosure, as a power line emergency shutoff device, a shutoff mechanism configured to shut off the power supply line and a detection means for detecting an event indicating a possibility of fire in the vicinity of the power supply line emergency shutoff device. The present invention includes a configuration including a control unit that controls a shutoff mechanism so as to shut off the power supply line when the detection means detects an event indicating the possibility of a fire.

(Third Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power line emergency shutoff system according to a third embodiment. In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are assigned to the configurations common to those in FIG. 1, and detailed description thereof may be omitted. In FIG. 5, the emergency shutoff device 10 having the same configuration as that of FIG. 1 is provided, but the configuration of the emergency shutoff device is not limited to this, and for example, the emergency shutoff device 10A shown in FIG. 3 may be provided. It doesn't matter.

In the configuration of FIG. 5, the operation device 20B is configured to be able to communicate with the management server 40 via the Internet 41. The management server 40 is installed in, for example, a fire station, and when it receives a report of a fire, it transmits a cutoff instruction signal SI to the operation device 20B via the Internet 41. The communication unit 27 is configured to be able to receive the cutoff instruction signal SI transmitted via the Internet 41. The control unit 23B controls the cutoff signal transmission unit 22 so as to transmit the cutoff signal SS when an emergency cutoff operation is performed on the operation switch 21, and also when the communication unit 27 receives the cutoff instruction signal SI. , The cutoff signal transmission unit 22 is controlled so as to transmit the cutoff signal SS. The emergency shutoff device 10 that has received the cutoff signal SS shuts off the power supply line 3.

According to the present embodiment, by transmitting the cutoff instruction signal SI to the operating device 20B via the Internet 41, the cutoff signal SS is wirelessly transmitted to the emergency cutoff device 10 to cut off the power supply line 3. .. Therefore, in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the power supply line 3 can be safely and surely shut off remotely.

<Modification example>
The emergency shutoff device 10 may be configured to be operated via the Internet 41. For example, the communication unit 12 may be configured so that the cutoff signal SS can be received via the Internet. The emergency cutoff device 10 that has received the cutoff signal SS via the Internet cuts off the power supply line 3. Further, the operation device 20B may have a configuration in which the operation switch 21 is omitted.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the emergency shutoff devices 10 and 10A are provided in the power supply line to which power is supplied from the solar panel 1, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. The solar panel is an example of a distributed power source, and the emergency shutoff device according to the present disclosure may be provided in the power output line of another distributed power source such as a storage battery.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the risk of electric shock accidents in an emergency such as a fire in the power output line of the distributed power source, which is useful for improving the safety of the power supply system using the distributed power source.

1 Solar panel (distributed power supply)
3 Power supply line 10, 10A Power supply line emergency shutoff device 11 Shutoff mechanism 12 Communication unit 13, 13A Control unit 14 Power supply unit 15 Temperature sensor (detection means)
20, 20A, 20B Operation device 21 Operation switch 22 Blocking signal transmitter 23, 23A, 23B Control unit 27 Communication unit 41 Internet SS Blocking signal SA Warning signal SI Blocking instruction signal

Claims (6)

An emergency shutoff device installed in a power supply line where power is supplied from a distributed power source.
A shutoff mechanism configured to cut off the power supply line,
A communication unit configured to be able to receive a cutoff signal wirelessly transmitted from the outside of the power line emergency cutoff device, and
A control unit that controls the cutoff mechanism so that the power line is cut off when the communication unit receives the cutoff signal .
It is equipped with a detection means for detecting an event indicating the possibility of a fire around the power line emergency shutoff device.
The control unit controls the shutoff mechanism so as to shut off the power supply line when the detection means detects the event when the communication unit receives the shutoff signal, while the detection means A power line emergency shutoff device, characterized in that the shutoff mechanism is controlled so as not to shut off the power supply line when the event is not detected . In the power line emergency shutoff device according to claim 1.
A power line emergency cutoff device comprising a power supply unit that receives power from the power supply line and supplies power to the communication unit and the control unit. In the power line emergency shutoff device according to claim 1 or 2.
When the communication unit receives the cutoff signal, the control unit controls the cutoff mechanism so as to cut off the power supply line when the cutoff signal includes an identifier that identifies the power supply line emergency cutoff device. On the other hand, when the identifier is not included, the power line emergency cutoff device is characterized in that the cutoff mechanism is controlled so as not to cut off the power supply line. In the power line emergency shutoff device according to claim 1 .
The control unit is a power line emergency cutoff device, characterized in that, when the detection means detects the event, the communication unit transmits a warning signal to the outside of the power line emergency cutoff device. The power line emergency shutoff device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
It is provided with an operating device for operating the power line emergency shutoff device.
The operating device
An operation switch for performing emergency shutoff operation and
A cutoff signal transmission unit configured to wirelessly transmit the cutoff signal to the power line emergency cutoff device.
A power line emergency cutoff system including a control unit that controls the cutoff signal transmission unit so as to transmit the cutoff signal when an emergency cutoff operation is performed on the operation switch. The power line emergency shutoff device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
It is provided with an operating device for operating the power line emergency shutoff device.
The operating device
A communication unit configured to be able to receive cutoff instruction signals transmitted via the Internet,
A cutoff signal transmission unit configured to wirelessly transmit the cutoff signal to the power line emergency cutoff device.
A power supply line emergency cutoff system including a control unit that controls the cutoff signal transmission unit so as to transmit the cutoff signal when the communication unit receives the cutoff instruction signal.

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