JP6755579B2 - A blade tilting mechanism and a wind energy utilization device equipped with the blade tilting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a blade tilting mechanism of a power generator that receives a flow of fluid by a blade provided on a hub of a rotating body to generate a rotational force, and a wind energy utilization device provided with the blade tilting mechanism. More specifically, power generation and power transmission that transmit the rotational force of a rotating body by fluid, and power generation by mounting a wind turbine device on a floating body that is landed on land or on the ocean or floated on the water surface. As a power source by providing a common blade, although there is a difference between wind (air) and water, and a wind energy utilization device used as a drive source for water supply, water circulation, water purification, other power and energy conversion devices. Regarding tidal current and sea current energy utilization.

There have been calls for global warming and various destructions of the global environment, but these problems have become more serious in recent years. These are also closely related to the problem of carbon dioxide emissions from the use of fossil energy resources. The fossil energy resources include the quantitative problem of the energy resource itself such as the exhaustion problem. While energy conservation and resource conservation are being called for in response to these problems, the early introduction and early commercialization of clean renewable energy that does not emit carbon dioxide has become a global issue.

In addition, electric energy is supplied by nuclear power generation, but problems related to the use of nuclear power include radiation that can occur due to aging nuclear reactors such as nuclear power plants, earthquakes, tsunamis, natural disasters, and man-made disasters. There is a nuclear accident. As is well known, radioactivity has a large adverse effect on the ecological environment, and when a radiation leak accident occurs, as can be seen from the examples of the Fukushima nuclear accident, the adverse effect on the living environment of local residents is extremely large. , There is a risk that the damage will be enormous.

In addition, with regard to wind energy utilization equipment on land in Japan, there are pollution problems such as low frequency noise problems due to the increase in scale of the equipment. Considering these problems, it is difficult to make a large-scale new location on land in Japan, which has a small land area. Therefore, there is an urgent need for significant improvement and promotion of conventional equipment in terms of safety, stability, efficiency, maintainability, etc., while considering the problems of noise pollution and environmental pollution.

71% of the earth's surface area is the sea, and Japan is a maritime nation surrounded by the sea on all sides. In addition, Japan is one of the largest countries in the world including the area of territorial waters and exclusive economic zone, so if you want to make effective use of the sea and install a landing type or floating type offshore wind energy utilization device on the ocean. For example, not only can pollution problems such as low-frequency noise be solved, but the scale can be increased, so it is possible to make full use of wind energy as an alternative energy to nuclear power generation.

In addition, the development of wind energy utilization equipment on remote islands will enable people to live on uninhabited islands that are currently uninhabitable, whether on land or offshore, such as the uninhabited islands of the Senkaku Islands and the Ogasawara Islands. In addition, in order to increase the possibility of turning those islands into fishing spots and tourist destinations, and to improve the livelihoods and convenience of the islanders by saving transportation costs such as oil and energy resources on remote islands and expanding tourism and fisheries. The use of the sea will be effective for improvement, wide-area activities of the people, and decentralization of urban-intensive population.

However, despite the fact that there are many marine energy resources such as wave energy, wind power, solar power, ocean currents, and tides in the ocean, these can be used inexpensively, safely, and efficiently, and can be effectively used as a stable energy source. Is in an undeveloped situation. For this reason, it is necessary socially and economically for the rapid development of technologies that utilize these energies and their effective use in human life. As the first step, the development of the most familiar offshore wind turbine and floating offshore wind turbine energy utilization device is urgently desired. At the same time, it is a bit different from the conventional ones in terms of reliability, durability, safety, simplification and simplification of maintenance work, etc., and improvement of economy and efficiency of equipment that safely absorbs wind energy. It is necessary to equip the bearing structure, rotation control, and blade tilting mechanism.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-166626

In Patent Document 1, the applicant of the present application proposed a wind energy utilization device as a device for generating power by using wind power, and among them, the rotating shaft, the hub, the blade tilting mechanism, the device, and the like in the wind power generation device. , It was necessary to simplify the mechanism and reduce the weight. Further, in a wind power generation device using such a wind turbine, the pitch mechanism and the blade rotation pitch device are complicated, so that there is room for improvement in terms of operation, maintenance, inspection, maintenance, durability, reliability, and the like. was there. In addition, there was room for improvement in reducing troubles in high places and work in high places. Furthermore, it was necessary to solve the problem of high cost.

In addition, conventional wind energy utilization devices cannot operate sufficiently and are not likely to be destroyed when they receive strong wind energy or wave energy and their wind pressure on land or in the ocean. There wasn't. In addition, when the wind energy utilization device is equipped with a power generation device, the rotation of the wind turbine is not restricted when the wind speed exceeds a certain level due to the curve-out area due to the rated output limitation of one generator, and the cut-in and cut-out areas. It was a problem to be solved because it was uneconomical.

In addition, in order to prevent the equipment from tilting or tipping over, heavy objects such as generators and other equipment of the speed increaser should be installed as low as possible at the base of the tower to lower the center of gravity of the entire equipment. , It was necessary to improve the stability of the device, simplify and simplify the mechanism, improve maintainability, and improve efficiency.

Especially for floating offshore wind energy utilization equipment, the mechanism has been simplified with the practical application and the scale of the equipment, and the equipment is manufactured, assembled, integrated, and maintained at a land factory such as a dock as much as possible. There is also the problem that on-site work at sea must be reduced as much as possible because leading to a reduction in costs in all aspects such as operating costs leads to a reduction in power generation costs. Especially inside and outside the nacelle at high places, it was necessary to reduce maintenance, inspection, and maintenance work by simplifying the mechanism.

In addition, when installing, transporting, or towing an offshore wind energy utilization device, it is possible to easily respond to the unexpected arrival of a low pressure system or the encounter of a gust, to protect the device safely, and to raise a high place above the device. It was necessary to avoid work as much as possible and to use a device that can handle work in low places.

In addition, it was necessary to unitize the blade tilting mechanism in the rotating body hub and rotating shaft, integrate them, and load the products that had been manufactured, assembled, inspected, adjusted, etc. in the nacelle to reduce on-site work. ..

In addition, in terms of improving the efficiency of water circulation, water supply, purification device power, and energy transmission in oceans, dams, lakes, etc., the generators of conventional wind power generators are installed at high places and are convenient. From this point of view, most of them are done by power conversion. However, from the viewpoint of energy saving and resource saving, in power sources such as water circulation, water supply, and purification, gears and hydraulic pumps are driven by the rotational force of the wind turbine of the present invention, and gears and hydraulic motors are connected to pipes and the like. Reduction of process loss by directly moving the pump and sending water using it, improving the efficiency of the entire device by simplifying the mechanism, and driving the pump directly without power conversion are excluded from the Electricity Business Law. Therefore, advantages such as deregulation are required.

In addition, when the wind speed exceeds a certain limit, the conventional device detects the sensor and activates the pitch mechanism to rotate the blade. Even in safety measures, the reliability of the sensor and pitch mechanism depends on the direction of the wind. There was also a problem.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems and problems of such a conventional technique, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blade tilting mechanism for suitably tilting a blade of a rotating body connected to a rotating shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simplified blade tilting mechanism and a wind energy utilization device equipped with the blade tilting mechanism by accommodating all the mechanisms in a rotating shaft.

Furthermore, it is equipped with a fluid rotation mechanism and a blade tilting mechanism to improve the safety, durability, operability and operating rate of the wind turbine, and to realize high efficiency and safe low drive source cost and low power generation cost. The purpose is to provide the device.
That is, it is equipped with a blade tilting mechanism that tilts the blade of the rotating body connected to the rotating shaft and the blade tilting mechanism to simplify the mechanism, improve the durability of the wind turbine, improve operability and operating rate, and achieve high efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind energy utilization device that can safely realize a low drive source cost and a low power generation cost.

The gist of the present invention for achieving such an object lies in the inventions of the following items.

[1] In the blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) of the power generator that receives the flow of fluid by the blade (6) provided on the hub (8) of the rotating body to generate a rotational force.
An arm (19) rotatably supported by a pin (18) on a hub (8) connected to the tip side of a rotating shaft (7) of a rotating body.
A slide boss (10i) reciprocally arranged inside the tip side of the rotating shaft (7), and
A connecting means (22) for connecting the slide boss (10i) and the arm (19),
A plurality of holding springs (10c) fixed inside the base end side of the rotating shaft (7) are provided.
The arm (19) is composed of a tip side arm (19a) on the tip side of the pin (18) and a base end side arm (19b) on the base end side of the pin, and the tip side arm (19a). The blade (6) is fixed to the base end side arm (19b), and the connecting means (22) is connected to the base end side arm (19b).
The slide boss (10i) has a shape that narrows from the base end portion (110) connected to the connecting means (22) toward the tip end portion (111).
The plurality of holding springs (10c) form a space surrounded by the plurality of holding springs (10c) from the fixed end fixed to the base end side of the rotating shaft (7) toward the free end.
When the flow velocity of the fluid increases, the blade (6) is tilted to the downstream side of the fluid, and the slide boss (10i) resists the urging force of the plurality of holding springs (10c) and the rotating shaft (7). ), And when the flow velocity of the fluid decreases, the slide boss (10i) moves to the rotating shaft due to the urging force of the plurality of holding springs (10c) and the centrifugal force acting on the blade (6). The blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2), characterized in that the blade (6) is returned to the tip side and the tilt of the blade (6) is restored.

[2] The connecting means (22) is an adjusting rod having one end pivotally supported by the tip of the base end side arm (19b) and the other end connected to the base end portion (110) of the slide boss (10i). Item 4. The blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to Item [1], which has (22a).

[3] The blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to item [1] or [2], wherein the plurality of holding springs (10c) are leaf springs or rod-shaped springs.

[4] The item [4], wherein the slide boss (10i) has a shape that gradually narrows from the base end portion (110) toward the tip end portion (111) or a shape that continuously narrows. The blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to any one of 1] to [3].

[5] A cylinder (10t) provided inside the slide boss (10i) from the center to the base end along the axis.
A shaft (10 l) extending the center of the rotating shaft (7) in the axial direction and having one end penetrating the center of the cylinder (10 t) in the axial direction.
A stopper (10k) fixed to the shaft (10l) and defining the cylinder (10t) into two cylinders (10ta, 10tb).
The two cylinders (10 ta, 10 tb) and a supply and discharge possible operating fluid supply and discharge means selectively create dynamic fluid into,
The slide boss (10i) was moved to allow the blade (6) to tilt by selectively supplying and discharging the working fluid into the two cylinders (10ta, 10tb) by the working fluid supply / discharge means. The blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to any one of the items [1] to [4].

[6] A wind energy utilization device including a wind turbine in which a blade (6) is provided in the blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to any one of the above items [1] to [5].

The present invention acts as follows.
According to the blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) according to the present invention, when the blade (6) provided on the hub (8) of the rotating body rotates by receiving the flow of fluid, the rotational force rotates the rotation shaft (7). Let me.

The blade (6) is rotatably supported by a pin (18) on a hub (8) connected to the tip side of a rotating shaft (7) of a rotating body, and the tip side arm (19a) of the arm (19) is rotatably supported. Since it is fixedly installed in, it tilts in conjunction with the rotation of the arm (19). The base end side arm (19b) located on the opposite side of the tip side arm (19a) with the pin (18) as a boundary is interlocked with the slide boss (10i) capable of reciprocating inside the tip side of the rotation shaft (7). It is connected by the connecting means (22) so as to do so. As a result, the blade (6) and the slide boss (10i) are interlocked with each other.

As the velocity of the fluid increases, the blade (6) is tilted downstream of the fluid by the pressure of the fluid. In conjunction with this, the slide boss (10i) moves toward the space defined by the plurality of holding springs (10c). The higher the velocity of the fluid, the greater the amount of movement of the slide boss (10i). That is, the blade (6) collapses and the inclination becomes small. As a result, it is possible to prevent the rotating body from rotating excessively and causing a problem. How much the blade (6) collapses depends on the magnitude of the flow velocity.

When the flow velocity of the fluid decreases, the slide boss (10i) returns to the tip side of the rotation shaft (7) due to the urging force of the plurality of holding springs (10c) and the centrifugal force acting on the blades (6). That is, the blade (6) stands up. As a result, the kinetic energy of the fluid can be efficiently converted into the rotational energy of the rotating body even when the flow velocity is small. How much the blade (6) stands up depends on the magnitude of the flow velocity.

The plurality of holding springs (10c) can obtain the same effect regardless of whether they are leaf springs or rod-shaped springs. Further, the slide boss (10i) is formed by a plurality of holding springs (10c) by forming a shape that gradually narrows from the base end portion (110) toward the tip end portion (111) or a shape that continuously narrows. Smooth advancement and retreat into the defined space.

A cylinder (10t) extending from the center to the base end along the axis inside the slide boss (10i) is defined into two cylinders (10ta, 10tb) by a stopper (10k), and the cylinders (10ta, 10tb) are defined. ) Is provided so as to extend the center of the rotating shaft (7) in the axial direction, and the shaft (10 l) penetrating the center of the axis is provided with two cylinders (10 ta, 10 ta, by means of supplying and discharging the working fluid. The working fluid can be selectively supplied and discharged into the 10tb). As a result, the slide boss (10i) can be reciprocated on the rotation shaft (7) to intentionally tilt the blade (6).

According to the wind energy utilization device provided with the wind turbine provided with the blade tilting mechanism (HP1, HP2) as described above, the wind power can be efficiently used and the maintenance can be excellent.

It is a vertical sectional view which shows the blade tilting mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an overall view which shows the outline of the wind power energy utilization apparatus provided with the blade tilting mechanism of FIG. It is a vertical cross-sectional view which shows the blade tilting mechanism of FIG. 2 and the peripheral part thereof. It is a ZZ arrow view in FIG. 3, and is a cross-sectional view of a hub. It is an enlarged view of YY arrow view of the blade tilting mechanism main body in FIGS. 1 and 3. It is an enlarged view which shows the main part in the blade tilting mechanism of FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the main part of the blade tilting mechanism which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the same enlarged view as the XX arrow view enlarged view of the blade tilting mechanism main body of FIG. 6 in the blade tilting mechanism which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the same enlarged view as the XX arrow view enlarged view of the blade tilting mechanism main body of FIG. 6 in the blade tilting mechanism which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the installation example of the wind power energy utilization apparatus provided with the blade tilting mechanism of this invention.

The blade tilting mechanism according to the present invention utilizes the urging force of a spring in the control unit of the power transmission system that transmits the rotational force of the rotating body 8 that rotates in response to the flow of fluid as power. This blade tilting mechanism can be installed in areas that require equipment reliability, durability, maintainability, economy, and efficiency, as well as on land and coastal areas, or on dams, lakes, and continental shelves, such as tidal currents, ocean currents, and wind power. It is installed in a device that effectively uses energy and the like. Hereinafter, it will be described as being carried out in a floating offshore wind energy utilization device used on the ocean.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a blade tilting mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an outline of a wind energy utilization device A including a blade tilting mechanism according to the present embodiment. It is an overall view. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the blade tilting mechanism and its peripheral portion in FIG.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the wind energy utilization device A provided with the blade tilting mechanism HP1 according to the present embodiment is a tower substantially vertically on the upper surface of the floating body 1 in the upper part of the floating body 1 on the sea surface SW in the ocean. 2 is erected. A rotating pedestal 3a in which the center line 2c of the tower 2 serves as the center line of rotation is provided in the upper part of the tower 2, and above the rotating pedestal 3a, a nacelle with the center line 2c of the tower 2 as the vertical axis center line is provided. The pedestal 5 of 4 is arranged. The pedestal 5 is provided with a rotary pedestal 3b facing the rotary pedestal 3a. As a result, the nacelle 4 can freely rotate with the center line 2c of the tower 2 as the center line of rotation.

By connecting a resistance plate weight or the like to the floating body 1, the tower 2 can always be kept vertical and can be prevented from shaking, vibrating, or tilting too much even in the event of a typhoon or the like. Further, at the time of maintenance or the like, the relative rotation of the rotary pedestal 3a and the rotary pedestal 3b facing each other and the relative rotation of the tower 2 and the nacelle 4 can be stopped. In addition, a direction control device for maneuvering a crane or the like, a lock device for safety, and the like are provided.

A wind turbine 9 is attached to the nacelle 4. The wind turbine 9 is provided with a plurality of blades 6 that receive the wind F and absorb the wind energy so as to extend radially from the hub 8 (rotating body) to form a rotor. The rotating shaft 7 provided at the center of the rotor is hollow and is arranged substantially horizontally. Each blade 6 can be tilted with respect to the rotation shaft 7 by the blade tilting mechanism HP1.

In FIG. 1, a flange 7a is fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft 7. The tip side of the rotating shaft 7 with respect to the flange 7a is pierced by the neck portion 8b of the hub. A neck flange 8c is provided at the end of the neck portion 8b. The neck flange 8c is connected to the flange 7a with a bolt. Further, the neck portion 8b is passed through a rotary bearing 23 mounted on a support device 24 arranged in the nacelle 4, and is vertically supported by a rotary support pin 23a supported by the rotary support pin bearing 23b. It is rotatably supported.

In FIG. 2, the output end of the rotating shaft 7 is connected to the hydraulic or equal fluid pump 12 via a gear box 11 mounted on the rotating pedestal 25a. Alternatively, depending on the design conditions, the gear box 11 may not be provided. In this hydraulic or equal fluid pump 12, the rotational power transmitted from the rotary shaft 7 is converted into hydraulic or equal fluid.

However, a gear box 11 and a hydraulic pump 12 are provided on the rotating pedestal 25a. A jack 25b is provided below the end of the movable pedestal 25a. By operating the jack 25b, the rotary shaft 7 rotates the rotary pedestal 25a, the gear box 11 and the hydraulic fluid pump 12 up and down with the rotary support pin 23a of the rotary bearing 23 as a fulcrum. , Can be rotated so as to cause a vertical angle change. The vertical angle change of the rotating shaft 7 is transmitted to the blade 6, and the blade 6 changes the angle (rotation) in the vertical direction.

It is preferable that the jack 25b catches the wind direction, wind speed, inclination of the device, etc. with a sensor and automatically adjusts all of them. However, since the jack 25b is a device used on the ocean, rusting due to salt, deterioration of function, and operator's Depending on the existence, absence, operation status, and actual results, the system may be simplified to some extent so that it can be adjusted and operated according to the situation.

One end of the universal pipe 31a is connected to the discharge port of the hydraulic or equal fluid pump 12, and the other end of the universal pipe 31a is connected to the accumulator 32. One end of the pipe 31b is connected to the accumulator 32, and the other end is connected to the fluid transmission mechanism 33. At this time, since the fluid passing through the universal tube 31a is an ultra-high pressure hydraulic pressure or a fluid pressure, a flexible hose is originally preferable, but the ultra-high pressure hose has a limit in production.

The fluid sent from the hydraulic fluid pump 12 is introduced into the cab 13 by a pipe 34 that descends substantially vertically in the tower 2 via the fluid transmission mechanism 33. The driver's cab 13 is provided in the tower base 2a, which is the base on which the tower 2 is erected. The driver's cab 13 is located above the floating body 1.

A pipe 34 is arranged in the cab 13. A hydraulic or equal fluid motor 14 is provided in the pipe 34. A generator 16 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 15a of the hydraulic or equal fluid motor 14 via a transmission 15b such as a clutch.

Therefore, when the rotor of the wind turbine 9 rotates in response to the wind, the rotation is transmitted to the rotating shaft 7, the hydraulic fluid pump 12 is operated, and the discharged fluid is provided substantially vertically in the tower 2. It flows from 33 to the pipe 34. The discharged fluid rotates the hydraulic fluid motor 14 in the cab 13 of the tower base 2a, and the rotation is transmitted from the rotating shaft 15a to the generator 16 via a transmission 15b such as a clutch. As a result, the generator 16 rotates to generate electricity. At the same time, the fluid discharged by the hydraulic fluid motor 14 is collected by the pipe 35, passes through the fluid transmission mechanism 33, passes through the pipe 36a, the tank 37, and the hose 36b, and is sucked into the hydraulic fluid pump 12.

FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line ZZ in FIG. 3 and is a cross-sectional view of the hub 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the wind turbine 9 of the wind energy utilization device A is illustrated as having three blades 6, but the number of the wind turbines 9 is not particularly limited. Assuming that the direction of rotation when the wind turbine 9 receives the wind is the α direction, the entire circumference of 360 degrees is divided into three equal parts, and the blades 6 are distributed at intervals of 120 degrees. Arms 19 and 19a of the blade 6 extend on each of the trisection lines.

Two ribs 20a and 20a extending in parallel from the center of the main body 8a of the substantially circular hub 8 are paired, and the arms 19 and 19a of the blade 6 are inserted between the pair of ribs 20a and 20a. The arms 19 and 19a are pivotally attached to the ribs 20a and 20a by pins 18. The main body 8a and the rib 20a of the hub 8 are firmly integrally formed by welding, casting, forging, melt molding, carbon fiber, glass fiber, plastic, etc., and are formed of a plate material, an aggregate, a profile, etc. It has a lightweight and strong structure.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the base end portion side of the blade 6 is fixed to the arm 19, and the arm 19 is pivotally supported by a pin 18 provided on the main body 8a of the hub 8. Has been done. The pin 18 is passed through the center of the pedestal boss 17 and pivotally supports the arm 19. The arm 19 is composed of a tip end side arm 19a on the tip end side and a base end side arm 19b on the base end side of the pin 18 with the pin 18 as a boundary.

The blade 6 is fixed to the tip of the tip side arm 19a. On the other hand, the connecting end 19c of the base end side arm 19b is rotatably connected to one end of the rod which is the connecting means 22 by the pin 21. A leaf spring 26 is arranged in the vicinity of the connection end 19c (on the right side of the paper in FIGS. 1 and 6). The connection end 19c comes into contact with the blade 6 when the standing angle increases. The leaf spring 26 urges the connection end 19c in a direction that hinders the movement of the blade 6 so that the standing angle becomes larger.

The tip of the rib 20a has an arc shape with the pin 18 as a fulcrum, and a cover 20b is provided on the outside thereof. The cover 20b has a shape such as a rolled sheet metal, a shutter-shaped one such as a garage, or a rubber plate-shaped one. It is provided with a guide rail and can be stored in the entanglement storage portions provided on both sides, and can be opened and closed, and the front and rear sliding can be performed. You can do it freely. In addition, the guide rails and creases are provided with a waterproof function that can block the inflow of rainwater and the like. Further, in the rotation of the hub, a check valve function is provided on the upper side to prevent the inflow of rainwater or the like during rotation and at the same time to discharge the water flowing in during rotation on the lower side.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft 7 is passed through the inside of the neck portion 8b of the hub 8. A casing 10a of the blade tilting mechanism HP1 is inserted inside the rotating shaft 7. A slide boss 10i is arranged inside the casing 10a. The slide boss 10i is provided so as to be reciprocating in the extending direction of the casing 10a. A sphere 22b is provided at the other end of the rod which is the connecting means 22 described above. The slide boss 10i is provided with a spherical inner surface 22c on the base end side. The inner surface 22c of the sphere is pressed by the sphere 22b described above. In the middle of the connecting means 22, a screw coupling 22d for adjusting the length of the rod and an adjusting rod 22a to which a screw or the like can be adjusted with a spanner or the like are provided. Further, for safety reasons, it is fixed with a screw loosening prevention bolt 22e or the like to prevent damage. The slide boss 10i will be described in detail later.

A spring retainer 10b is arranged inside the casing 10a of the blade tilting mechanism HP1. The spring retainer 10b is fixed to the casing 10a by a hexagon socket head cap screw 10 g or a countersunk screw screw. Further, a spring retainer 10d is arranged in the back thereof. A flange portion 10e is provided at the end of the spring retainer 10d, and the flange portion 10e is fixed to the casing 10a with a hexagon socket head cap screw 10 g or a countersunk screw screw or the like. As a result, the spring retainer 10d does not come out of the casing 10a. Further, the spacer 10z is arranged so as to receive the end of the spring retainer 10d. As a result, even if a larger load than expected is applied to the spring retainer 10d, the spring retainer 10d does not come out of the casing 10a.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken along the arrow YY in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6. As shown in FIG. 5, the spring retainer 10b is formed to be hollow and has an inner wall having a hexagonal cross section. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6, the inner diameter of the spring retainer 10b is continuously reduced from the opening 101a at the tip to the end 101b at the reduced diameter. The same inner diameter portion 101c having the same inner diameter extends from the reduced diameter end portion 101b. The end of the same inner diameter portion 101c is a diameter expansion start portion 101d at which the inner diameter begins to increase toward the end. The diameter is continuously expanded from the diameter expansion start site 101d to the end.

The spring retainer 10d has an outer shape having a hexagonal cross section, which is similar to the internal shape of the spring retainer 10b. The outer diameter of the spring retainer 10d continuously expands toward the end flange portion 10e. As a result, gaps at equal intervals are formed between the outer wall of the spring retainer 10d and the inner wall of the spring retainer 10b. That is, a gap is formed between each of the six outer walls of the spring retainer 10d and the six inner walls of the spring retainer 10b facing each other. A holding spring 10c is interposed in each of the six gaps. Each of the holding springs 10c has a portion near the end fixed to the spring retainer 10d by a bolt.

The tip of the spring retainer 10d reaches substantially the same position as the diameter expansion start portion 101d of the spring retainer 10b. The spring retainer 10d has an internal space formed from the tip to the vicinity of the flange portion 10e. The inner diameter of this internal space is the same over the entire length.

The six holding springs 10c are arranged so as to converge with each other from the fixed end to the free end, and the space surrounded by them is narrowed. Each holding spring 10c is bent toward the casing 10a at the bent portion 102a in front of the tip. The bent portion 102a is formed at a position where the holding spring 10c is expanded toward the casing 10a and comes into contact with the reduced diameter end portion 101b of the spring retainer 10b when it comes into contact with the same inner diameter portion 101c of the spring retainer 10b. .. At this time, the portion on the tip end side of the bent portion 102a is bent so as to come into contact with the opening 101a of the spring retaining portion 10b.

A flange 7b is provided on the output end side, which is the base end side of the rotating shaft 7 of the rotor that houses the casing 10a of the blade tilting mechanism HP1. A flange 10f provided at the end of an extension of the casing 10a overlaps the end surface of the flange 7b. Further, the blind flange 10h is overlapped with the end face of the flange 10f, and these three flanges 7b, 10f and 10h are integrally tightened and fixed by bolts or the like. Further, the blind flange 10h, which is the output end of the rotating shaft 7, is provided with a rotary transmission metal fitting 38 at the center thereof.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6, the slide boss 10i is arranged inside the casing 10a on the tip end side.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken along the arrow YY in FIG. 1 or FIG. In this figure, the outline of the slope portion of the slide boss 10i is approximately a regular hexagon. A plurality of leaf spring-shaped holding springs 10c are pressed against the slope 10j so as to correspond to the slope 10j of the slide boss 10i. However, the contour of the slope portion of the slide boss 10i is not limited to a regular hexagon, and may be a regular quadrangle, a regular octagon, a regular pentagon, or a regular hexagon, and there is no particular limitation depending on the design conditions.

The slide boss 10i is formed so as to taper as a whole from a base end portion having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the casing 10a toward the tip end portion. The outer diameter is continuously reduced from the base end portion, and a portion extending from the base end portion is formed while the outer diameter is slightly increased. Subsequently, a portion where the outer diameter suddenly decreases is formed. The outer diameter of this portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the portion where the outer diameter starts to decrease continuously from the base end portion. Beyond that, a portion extending while the outer diameter is slightly increased is formed, and then a portion where the outer diameter suddenly decreases is formed. The outer diameter of this portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the portion where the outer diameter begins to increase slightly. Further, such a portion where the outer diameter suddenly decreases and a portion where the outer diameter extends while increasing the outer diameter are formed in multiple stages.

The last portion of the multi-stage structure on the tip side where the outer diameter suddenly decreases is the slope 10j. From this slope 10j onward, a portion where the outer diameter gradually decreases extends to reach the tip.

In FIG. 1, the blade tilting mechanism HP1 is configured such that a slide boss 10i is inserted inside the casing 10a, and the slopes of the plurality of holding springs 10c facing each other hit the slope 10j of the slide boss 10i.

Further, a piston rod-shaped shaft 10l is arranged so as to penetrate the center of the slide boss 10i in the direction in which the axis extends. The shaft 10l is fixed by extending the center of the rotating shaft 7 in the direction in which the axis extends. Inside the slide boss 10i, a piston-shaped stopper 10k fixed to the shaft 10l is arranged. The shaft 10l penetrates the central portion of the flange portion 10e of the spring retainer 10d and is firmly fixed to the ring 10m with a hexagon nut 10n or the like. The shaft 10l is provided with a coil spring 10p and a disc spring 10q for pressing the slide boss 10i. The shaft 10l allows the slide boss 10i to reciprocate smoothly without shaking.

Here, for example, if a strong wind blows when the blade 6 in FIG. 2 is at an angle β, the blade 6 is pushed by the wind pressure and tries to fall in the leeward direction at an angle β'or an angle β'. The arms 19a and 19b rotate to press the inner surface 22c of the slide boss 10i via the sphere 22b of the connecting means 22. In the slide boss 10i, the slopes 10j of the slide boss 10i have a plurality of holding springs 10c. Since it tries to move in the space surrounded by the plurality of holding springs 10c while pushing and expanding, the operation is performed while maintaining the balance between the pressing force for pressing the slope 10j and the bending action of the plurality of holding springs 10c.

However, when the slide boss 10i pushes and expands the plurality of holding springs 10c facing each other with an excessive force due to the lift of the blade 6 and moves to the output side (left side in the drawing) of the rotating shaft 7, the plurality of holding springs The 10c and the coil spring 10p are compressed. However, when the wind calms down and the lift of the blade 6 weakens and the force of pushing the slide boss 10i weakens, it slides due to the restoring force of the plurality of holding springs 10c, the reaction force of the coil spring 10p, and the centrifugal force acting on the blade 6. The boss 10i is pushed back. If too much momentum is applied at this time, the disc spring 10q and the leaf spring 26 act to absorb and alleviate the impact.

Therefore, even if the blade 6 tries to fall backward due to the lift of the blade 6 when the standing angle becomes large, the force due to the lift exceeds the pressing force due to the bending action of the plurality of holding springs 10c facing the slopes 10j of the slide boss 10i. The slide boss 10i does not move in the axial direction. The pressing force of the holding spring 10c suppresses the blade 6 from tilting to the value set in the allowable strength limit range of the blade 6. Therefore, highly efficient power generation can be performed. When the pressure on the blade 6 by the fluid exceeds the allowable strength limit range set value of the blade 6, the bending action of the plurality of holding springs 10c facing each other occurs, and the slopes 10j of the slide boss 10i are surrounded by the facing plurality of holding springs 10c. The blade 6 tilts because it is press-fitted into the space and moves in the axial direction (leftward in the drawing). This prevents the blade 6 and other parts of the device from being destroyed.

When the strong wind subsides here, the lift action of the blade 6 weakens, and the movement of the slide boss 10i stops, the blade 6 rotates with the remaining wind power. The slide boss 10i tries to restore its original position due to the centrifugal force of the blade 6, but considering that the restoring force is weak, the restoring force of the coil spring 10p is utilized just in case. By repeating this process, the blades 6 can be restored in a short time and can operate efficiently.

On the other hand, inside the slide boss 10i, a cylinder 10t extending from the vicinity of the center portion toward the proximal end portion along the center line is provided. Of both ends of the cylinder 10t, screw plugs 10u are provided at the ends of the slide boss 10i on the base end side. The shaft 10l described above is passed through the inside of the screw stopper 10u, and the thin tubes 10v and 10w described later are passed through the inside thereof. Therefore, the cylinder 10t is closed by the screw plug 10u.

A piston-shaped stopper 10k is provided inside the vicinity of the other end of the cylinder 10t. The cylinder 10t is divided into two by a stopper 10k. Of the bisected cylinders 10t, the tip end side of the slide boss 10i is the tip end side cylinder 10ta, and the base end side is the base end side cylinder 10tb. Each of the shafts 10l on both sides is provided with pores 10x and 10y communicating with the cylinder 10t. A thin tube 10v is connected to the pores 10x formed in the tip side cylinder 10ta by welding or the like. Similarly, a thin tube 10w is connected to the pores 10y formed in the base end side cylinder 10tb by welding or the like. The thin tubes 10v and 10w are drawn out from the base end of the slide boss 10i to the outside of the shaft 10l and the slide boss 10i.

The thin tube 10v drawn out to the outside is connected to the pump 29. An automatic valve 27a is provided in the middle of the thin tube 10v. A branch pipe 28a is provided from the middle of the automatic valve 27a and the pump 29 toward the thin tube 10w, and an automatic valve 27b is provided in the middle of the branch pipe 28a.

Further, the thin tube 10w connected to the pores 10y goes out of the shaft 10l and the slide boss 10i and is connected to the tank 30. An automatic valve 27c is provided in the middle of the thin tube 10w, and a branch tube 28a is connected to the pore 10y side from the automatic valve 27c. A branch pipe 28b is connected between the pore 10x of the thin tube 10v and the automatic valve 27a from the middle of the automatic valve 27c of the thin tube 10w and the tank 30. An automatic valve 27d is provided on the way.

The tank 30 is provided with a working fluid supply pipe 28c for supplying a working fluid such as oil. The working fluid is selectively supplied to and discharged from the inside of each of the tip side cylinder 10ta and the base end side cylinder 10tb in order to change the pressure inside each of the tip side cylinder 10ta and the base end side cylinder 10tb. The slide boss 10i can be moved by supplying and discharging the working fluid so that the internal pressures of the front end side cylinder 10ta and the base end side cylinder 10tb are different from each other.

A valve 27f, a check valve 27g, and the like are provided in the middle of the working fluid supply pipe 28c. One end of the working fluid supply pipe 28c is connected to the tank 30. The other end is piped to the outside of the rotating shaft 7. When the rotation of the wind turbine is stopped, the working fluid supply pipe 28c and the valve 27f can be opened to supply the working fluid such as oil from the outside into the tank 30.

The tank 30 and the pump 29 are connected by a pipe 28d. A check valve 27e is provided in the middle of the pipe 28d. The pump 29 is provided with a power cable 28e, and can receive electric power from the outside of the rotating shaft 7. As a result, the pump 29 can be operated when the wind turbine operation is stopped. By providing a storage means such as a storage battery and a small-scale power source means such as an ultra-mini private generator inside the hub 8 and the rotating shaft 7 of the rotating body, the blade can be tilted even while the wind turbine is moving by radio control or the like. Can be done.

When transporting, towing, or installing the wind energy utilization device A, it may be safer to artificially or forcibly tilt the blade 6. As an operation method for that purpose, the automatic valves 27a and 27c are opened, the automatic valves 27b and 27d are closed, the pump 29 is operated, a working fluid such as oil is sent to the thin tube 10v, and the drawings of FIGS. 1 and 6 are drawn from the pores 10x. Pressurize the upper tip side cylinder 10ta. At the same time, the slide boss 10i is moved toward the output end of the rotating shaft 7 so that the base end side cylinder 10tb on the drawings of FIGS. 1 and 6 is decompressed by the pump 29 from the pores 10y connected to the thin tube 10w. Therefore, the blade 6 can be tilted from the tilt angle β to β ′, and further to β ″. At this time, a working fluid such as oil is sent from the pores 10x to the tip side cylinder 10ta and injected. The disc spring 10q arranged here is not shaped to block a working fluid such as oil.

During operation, the automatic valves 27a and 27b are closed and the automatic valves 27c and 27d are opened in order to avoid artificial and forced tilting of the blades and to operate according to the wind power condition. Needless to say, the valve 27f is closed to close the working fluid supply pipe 28c during operation.

FIG. 7 shows the blade tilting mechanism HP2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the shape of the slide boss 10r is different from the shape of the slide boss 10i in the blade tilting mechanism HP1 according to the first embodiment.
The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

The difference between the slide boss 10r in the blade tilting mechanism HP2 according to the present embodiment and the slide boss 10i in the blade tilting mechanism HP1 according to the first embodiment is that in the slide boss 10i, the base end portion of the slide boss 10i The slide boss 10r has a slope 10s in which the portion from the base end portion to the slope is continuously thinned, whereas the portion from the slope to the slope 10j is formed to be thinned in multiple steps.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a combination of a plurality of holding springs is a leaf spring. Also in the second embodiment, the leaf spring is used as shown in FIG.

The third embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is characterized in that rod-shaped springs are arranged in a hexagonal arrangement instead of leaf springs. Further, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, although it is still a rod-shaped spring, it is characterized in that it is arranged so as to have a circular arrangement.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an installation example of a wind energy utilization device provided with the blade tilting mechanism of the present invention. In this device, the floating body 1 is floated on the sea surface SW, and the floating body device is moored to the seabed SG with an anchor, a chain, or the like.

According to the blade tilting mechanism according to the present invention and the wind energy utilization device provided with the blade tilting mechanism, low-speed rotation and high-torque power by a wind turbine are efficiently and accurately transmitted to a fluid pump such as hydraulic pressure or a generator. be able to. In addition, power can be transmitted relatively easily and safely to a generator or pump located in a low place of the wind energy utilization device, and the center of gravity of the wind energy utilization device is lowered to prevent the device from tipping over as much as possible. Suppresses, enhances safety and stability, withstands large winds and waves from light winds to typhoons by dividing the generator, effectively utilizes the range of curveout due to strong winds, reduces the range of cutout operation, It is possible to improve maintainability, increase the operating rate, obtain high-efficiency and low-cost drive source cost, and low-cost power generation cost.
In addition, the mechanism inside the nacelle at high places can be simplified, and troubles, maintenance, inspections, and maintenance work at high places can be reduced.

In addition, by equipping the nacelle of the wind energy utilization device with a crane, it not only balances the weight of the wind energy utilization device, but also eliminates the need to dispatch large-scale external wreckers, heavy machinery, crane pontoons, etc., and uses wind energy. Equipment assembly, installation, maintenance, inspection, maintenance, etc. will be facilitated. Furthermore, by improving the risk of maintenance work in rough seas such as wind waves and swells, reducing and simplifying on-site construction, the operating rate is increased, and the total system is superior in terms of reliability, safety, stability, economy, etc. It is possible to significantly reduce manufacturing costs and power generation costs.

In addition, all functions can be stored in the hub and one pipe, and the integration and simplification has great merits in factory manufacturing, inspection, transportation, installation, etc., reducing troubles at heights and significantly. It leads to cost reduction.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention may be changed or added without departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in the invention.

The mechanism and device according to the present invention can be widely applied without being limited to a device that utilizes wind energy. It can also be widely used in fields that utilize ocean energy, such as ocean currents, tidal currents, tides, and river water power generation equipment.

A ... Wind energy utilization device HP1 ... Blade tilting mechanism HP2 ... Blade tilting mechanism F ... Wind SW ... Sea surface (water surface)
SG ... Undersea RD ... Rotor diameter RD'... Tilted rotor diameter RD "... Further tilted rotor diameter α ... Wind turbine rotation direction β, β', β" ... Blade tilting angle 1 ... Floating body 2 ... Tower 2a ... Tower base 2c ... Center line 3a, 3b ... Rotating pedestal 4 ... Nacelle 5 ... Pedestal 6, 6', 6 "... Blade 7 ... Rotating shaft 7a, 7b ... Flange 8 ... Hub (rotating body)
8a ... Hub body 8b ... Hub neck 8c ... Hub neck flange 8d ... Bellows plate 9 ... Windmill 10a ... Casing 10b ... Spring retainer 10c ... Holding spring 10d ... Spring retainer 10e ... Flange 10f ... Flange 10g ... Hexagon Hole bolt 10h ... Blind flange 10i ... Slide boss 10j ... Slide boss slope 10k ... Stopper 10l ... Shaft 10m ... Ring 10n ... Hexagon nut 10p ... Coil spring 10q ... Countersunk spring 10r ... Slide boss 10s ... Straight slope 10t ... Cylinder 10ta ... Tip side cylinder 10tb ... Base end side cylinder 10u ... Screw plug 10v ... Pipe 10w ... Pipe 10x ... Pore 10y ... Pore 10z ... Spacer 11 ... Gear box 12 ... Hydraulic or other fluid pump 13 ... Driver's cab 14 ... Fluid motor 15a ... Rotating shaft 15b ... Transmission 16 ... Generator 17 ... Pedestal boss 18 ... Pin 19 ... Arm 19a ... Tip side arm 19b ... Base end side arm 19c ... Connection end 20a ... Rib 20b ... Cover 21 ... Pin 22 ... Connecting means 22a ... Adjusting rod 22b ... Sphere 22c ... Sphere inner surface 22d ... Screw coupling 22e ... Stop bolt 23 ... Rotating bearing 23a ... Rotating support pin 23b of rotating bearing 23 ... Rotating support pin bearing 24 ... Support device 25a ... Rotating pedestal 25b ... Jack 26 ... Flange spring 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d ... Automatic valve 27f ... Valve 27e, 27g ... Check valve 28a, 28b, 28d ... Pipe 28c ... Working fluid supply pipe 28e ... Power cable 29 ... Pump 30 ... Tank 31a ... Universal tube (high pressure hose)
31b ... Piping 32 ... Accumulator 33 ... Fluid transmission mechanism 34 ... Piping 35 ... Piping 36a ... Piping 36b ... Hose 37 ... Tank 38 ... Rotational transmission hardware 39 ... Cover 40 ... Bearing 41 ... Weight 42 ... Ballast tank 43 ... Mooring chain 44 ... Anchor 45 ... Auxiliary floating body 101a ... Opening 101b ... Reduced diameter end portion 101c ... Same inner diameter portion 101d ... Diameter expansion start portion 102a ... Bending portion 110 ... Base end portion 111 ... Tip portion

Claims (6)

In the blade tilting mechanism of the power generator that receives the flow of fluid by the blade provided on the hub of the rotating body and uses it as a rotational force.
An arm rotatably supported by a pin on a hub connected to the tip side of the rotating shaft of the rotating body,
A slide boss that is reciprocally arranged inside the tip of the rotating shaft,
A connecting means for connecting the slide boss and the arm,
A plurality of holding springs fixed inside the base end side of the rotating shaft are provided.
The arm is composed of a tip side arm on the tip side of the pin and a base end side arm on the base end side of the pin, the blade is fixed to the tip end side arm, and the base end side arm is covered with the blade. The connecting means are connected,
The slide boss has a shape that narrows from the base end portion connected to the connecting means toward the tip end portion.
The plurality of holding springs form a space surrounded by the plurality of holding springs from a fixed end fixed to the base end side of the rotating shaft toward a free end.
When the flow velocity of the fluid increases, the blade is tilted to the downstream side of the fluid, and the slide boss moves toward the base end of the rotating shaft against the urging force of the plurality of holding springs, and the fluid When the flow velocity of the blade becomes small, the slide boss is returned to the tip end side of the rotation shaft by the urging force of the plurality of holding springs and the centrifugal force acting on the blade, and the inclination of the blade is restored. Tilt mechanism. The blade tilting according to claim 1, wherein one end of the connecting means is pivotally supported by the tip of the base end side arm, and the other end has an adjusting rod connected to the base end portion of the slide boss. mechanism. The blade tilting mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of holding springs are leaf springs or rod-shaped springs. The blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slide boss has a shape that gradually narrows from the base end portion toward the tip end portion or a shape that continuously narrows. Tilt mechanism. A cylinder provided inside the slide boss from the center to the base along the axis,
A shaft extending the center of the rotating shaft in the axial direction and having one end penetrating the center of the cylinder in the axial direction.
A stopper fixed to the shaft and defining the cylinder into two cylinders,
And a supply and discharge possible operating fluid supply and discharge means selectively create dynamic fluid into the two cylinder,
Claims 1 to 4, wherein the slide boss is moved to allow the blade to tilt by selectively supplying and discharging the working fluid into the two cylinders by the working fluid supply / discharge means. The blade tilting mechanism according to any one item. A wind energy utilization device including a wind turbine in which a blade is provided in the blade tilting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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