JP6737128B2 - Material testing machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a material testing machine including a control device provided with a built-in unit corresponding to a function and a personal computer connected to the control device.

A material testing machine that executes a material test to evaluate the strength and properties of a material is a displacement meter that measures the displacement corresponding to the elongation of the test piece, or a load cell that measures the test force applied to the test piece. It is equipped with a plurality of detectors that measure physical quantities. The displacement gauge is connected to the control device of the material testing machine via an amplifier for the displacement gauge. Similarly, the load cell is also connected to the control device of the material testing machine via an amplifier for the load cell. Then, the control device displays the data acquired from these sensor amplifiers on a display (see Patent Document 1). Further, in order to confirm whether or not a detector such as a displacement meter or a load cell is operating normally, an automatic failure diagnosis device has been proposed that automatically determines whether or not there is a failure in the detector or sensor amplifier ( See Patent Document 2).

JP, 2005-69868, A Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-75254

From each sensor amplifier, for example, a measurement result that can be represented by a test force (N: Newton) for a load cell and a displacement amount (mm: millimeter) for a displacement meter is output. Then, the output measurement result becomes the display value displayed on the display. Here, when the display value displayed on the display shows an abnormal value, there are a plurality of possible causes. For example, when the phenomenon that the test force value, which is the measurement result of the load cell, does not change and remains zero on the display of the display, the voltage that excites the load cell is abnormal, the circuit that processes the signal output from the load cell There are several possible causes, such as some abnormality and display failure.

In order to identify the cause that actually caused an abnormality in the display of the display from multiple possible cause candidates, conventionally, among the parts (units) grouped by function, the display abnormality of the display is A field engineer brings all the units that are considered to be related to the above to the place where the material testing machine is installed, replaces them one by one, and confirms whether the response to the reference signal is normal. Correspondence was taken to identify the unit. Further, each unit is provided with a plurality of circuit blocks, and it takes more time and effort to specify the circuit block causing the failure.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a material testing machine capable of easily confirming the state of equipment and the state of failure.

The invention according to claim 1 is a load mechanism for applying a test force to a test piece, and a plurality of detectors for monitoring a state of the load mechanism and/or for measuring a physical change of the test piece, In a material testing machine including a control device including a built-in unit having a signal input/output terminal, and a personal computer connected to the control device via a communication line, the control device includes a plurality of data storage devices. A digital circuit having a register and an internal bus connecting the plurality of registers, and reading data held by each of the plurality of registers in the digital circuit via the internal bus, the digital circuit being connected to the digital circuit. A main unit that is connected to each of the plurality of built-in units provided corresponding to each of the plurality of detectors and in which the processor is disposed, and the digital circuit includes the built-in unit. And the main unit, the processor outputs a communication command in response to an instruction from the personal computer, and the personal computer outputs the communication command from the processor to each of the plurality of registers. It is characterized by determining whether the content of the collected data is normal or abnormal.

The invention according to claim 2 is the material testing machine according to claim 1 , wherein the digital circuit of the main unit includes an external bus of the processor and the internal bus of the digital circuit of the main unit. A bus bridge for connection is provided, and in the digital circuit of the built-in unit, a communication unit that transmits and receives data to and from the main unit, and a command analysis unit that analyzes the communication command received by the communication unit, A bus bridge that connects the internal bus in the digital circuit of the built-in unit and the communication unit via the command analysis unit is provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the material testing machine according to the first aspect, the processor executes rewriting of data held by a specific register of the plurality of registers according to an instruction from the personal computer. ..

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the material testing machine according to the first aspect, the content of the data held in each of the plurality of registers of the digital circuit is normal or abnormal in the storage device of the personal computer. A table to be referred to when determining whether or not is stored.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the material testing machine according to the first aspect, the personal computer determines whether the data read from each of the plurality of registers and the contents of those data are normal or abnormal. Create a report file that describes the results.

According to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, an internal bus is set up in the digital circuit of the control device so that the processor can read the data held by all the registers in the digital circuit and the personal computer. Then, since it is determined whether the content is normal or abnormal, it is possible to easily confirm the state of the device and the status of the failure, and it is possible to specify the cause of the failure in more detail.

According to the invention described in claim 5 , it is possible to easily grasp the state of the apparatus by the report file.

It is a schematic diagram of a material testing machine according to the present invention. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sensor amplifier 41. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a main unit 40. FIG. It is a table which shows an example of the description content of a report file.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a material testing machine according to the present invention.

This material testing machine is a control device that transmits and receives signals between the testing machine body 1 and a plurality of detectors arranged on the testing machine body 1 and the test piece 10 in order to measure physical changes in the test piece 10. It consists of 2. The tester main body 1 is movable along a table 16, a pair of screw rods 11 and 12 erected rotatably on the table 16 in a state of facing the vertical direction, and these screw rods 11 and 12. A crosshead 13, a load mechanism 30 for moving the crosshead 13 to apply a load to the test piece 10, and a detector for converting a change in a physical quantity of the test piece 10 as an object to be measured into an electric signal. The load cell 14 and the displacement meter 15 are

The crosshead 13 is connected to the pair of screw rods 11 and 12 via a nut (ball nut) not shown. Worm reducers 32 and 33 in the load mechanism 30 are connected to the lower ends of the screw rods 11 and 12, respectively. The worm reducers 32 and 33 are connected to a servo motor 31 that is a drive source of the load mechanism 30, and the rotation of the servo motor 31 is transmitted to the pair of screw rods 11 and 12 via the worm reducers 32 and 33. It is configured to be transmitted. The operation of the servo motor 31 is controlled by the main unit 40 via the servo amplifier 44, and the rotation of the servo motor 31 is detected by the rotary encoder 34. When the pair of screw rods 11 and 12 rotate in synchronization with the rotation of the servomotor 31, the crosshead 13 moves up and down along the screw rods 11 and 12. The rotary encoder 34 is also a detector that monitors the position of the crosshead 13 by detecting the rotation of the servo motor 31.

The crosshead 13 is provided with an upper grip 21 for gripping the upper end of the test piece 10. On the other hand, the table 16 is provided with a lower grip 22 for gripping the lower end of the test piece 10. When performing a tensile test, the crosshead 13 is raised in a state where both ends of the test piece 10 are held by the upper grip 21 and the lower grip 22, so that the test force (tensile test) is applied to the test piece 10. Force).

The control device 2 includes a computer, a sequencer, and peripheral devices thereof, and includes an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) 91 described later and a memory in which an operation program and data necessary for controlling the device are temporarily stored. It has a main unit 40 that controls the entire apparatus. The main unit 40 is connected to a display device 48 for displaying the test force measured by the load cell 14 and the displacement amount measured by the displacement meter 15, and a personal computer (PC) 49 for data processing.

The main built-in unit provided in the control device 2 of this material testing machine is a test force sensor amplifier 41a that processes the signal of the load cell 14, a displacement sensor amplifier 41b that processes the signal of the displacement meter 15, and a rotary. The counter unit 43 receives the output of the encoder 34. As described above, in the controller 2, a plurality of measuring devices selected according to the type of material test, the material of the test piece 10, a sensor for monitoring the drive status of the servomotor 31, and the like are provided corresponding to a plurality of functions. A built-in unit is provided, and although not shown in FIG. 1, there are general-purpose input/output units, pulse counter units, etc. as other built-in units.

When the load mechanism 30 is operated, the test force acting on the test piece 10 whose both ends are gripped by the upper grip 21 and the lower grip 22 is detected by the load cell 14, and is applied to the main unit 40 via the sensor amplifier 41a. Is entered. The elongation generated in the test piece 10 is detected by the displacement meter 15 and input to the main unit 40 via the sensor amplifier 41b.

In the main unit 40, display control is executed by taking in the test force data and the displacement amount data from the load cell 14 and the displacement meter 15 and displaying them on the display 48 by the operation of the control program stored in the digital circuit or the memory. Further, the main unit 40 controls the rotational drive of the servo motor 31 in order to control the position of the crosshead 13 by utilizing the fluctuation of the test force and the displacement amount input as digital data.

The configuration of the built-in unit provided in the control device 2 of the material testing machine will be described by taking a sensor force sensor amplifier 41a connected to the load cell 14 as an example. Below, the sensor amplifier 41a for test force is described as the sensor amplifier 41. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the sensor amplifier 41.

The sensor amplifier 41 is provided with a signal input/output terminal for connecting a cable for transmitting a signal to and from the detector. The sensor amplifier 41 processes an analog circuit block on the output side that outputs an excitation voltage applied to the strain gauge of the load cell 14, an analog circuit block on the input side for processing a signal input from the load cell 14, and a digital signal. It consists of a digital circuit block. The analog circuit block on the input side from the load cell 14 includes an instrumentation amplifier 51 that amplifies the input analog signal, a low-pass filter 52, and an A/D converter 53 that converts the analog signal into a digital signal. The analog circuit block on the output side to the load cell 14 includes a D/A converter 54 that converts a digital signal output from the digital circuit into an analog signal, a low-pass filter 55, and a power amplifier 56. Note that the digital circuit is configured by an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) 60.

The signal input from the load cell 14 to the instrumentation amplifier 51 and passing through the analog circuit block on the input side is input to the FPGA 60 via the interface 61 for the A/D converter. The signal that excites the load cell 14 generates a waveform that is the source of the signal in the FPGA 60, and is output to the analog circuit block on the output side via the interface 66 for the D/A converter 54. Thereafter, the low-pass filter 55 removes high-frequency components, and the load cell 14 is excited by the signal (analog voltage) amplified by the power amplifier 56.

In the FPGA 60, a digital filter 62, an offset calculation unit 63, a gain calculation unit 64, and a non-linear correction unit 65 are provided as a functional configuration that forms a signal path that converts an input signal from the load cell 14 into a test force. .. In addition, an excitation signal generation unit 67 is provided in the FPGA 60 as a functional configuration that generates a waveform that is a source of a signal output to the load cell 14. These functional configurations are provided with registers that hold data to be used during signal processing.

The digital filter 62 removes unnecessary frequency components from the signal input to the FPGA 60, and the offset calculation unit 63 subtracts the offset amount corresponding to the zero point of the test force. Then, the gain calculation unit 64 multiplies the constant for adjusting the full scale, and the non-linear correction unit 65 performs non-linear correction. The test force obtained through a series of signal paths is output from the communication unit 68 to the main unit 40.

In this embodiment, the FPGA 60 is provided with a bus bridge 74 and a command analysis unit 73 for analyzing communication commands, and all registers in the FPGA 60, that is, the interface 61, the digital filter 62, the offset calculation unit 63, and the gain calculation unit. 64, the non-linear correction unit 65, the interface 66, and all the registers of the excitation signal generation unit 67 are mutually connected by an internal bus 69. Conventionally, the information transmitted from the communication unit 68 to the outside of the sensor amplifier 41 is only the test force value after the signal processing, but by providing the internal bus 69 in the FPGA 60 as in this embodiment, Through the bus bridge 74 and the communication unit 68, it is possible to read the numerical value held by each of the plurality of registers from the outside of the sensor amplifier 41.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main unit 40.

The main unit 40 includes an FPGA 80 as a digital circuit and an M as a processor.
A PU 91 and an Ethernet controller 92 (Ethernet is a registered trademark) for connecting to the personal computer 49 via a communication line are provided.

The FPGA 80 is provided with a plurality of built-in unit communication units 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d corresponding to each built-in unit as a functional configuration for performing communication with each built-in unit. In this way, by providing a plurality of built-in unit communication units 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d, a plurality of built-in units are connected to the main unit 40. Further, the FPGA 80 further has, as a functional configuration, a position control unit 82 that generates a position command for moving the crosshead 13 and sends the position command to the servo amplifier 44, a test force sensor amplifier 41a, and a displacement sensor amplifier 41a. A display control unit 83 that transmits the measurement result input from the sensor amplifier 41b to the main unit 40 to the display 48 is arranged.

The functional configurations within these FPGAs 80 each have a register. Then, each register is connected to the internal bus 89. By connecting the internal bus 89 of the FPGA 80 to the external bus of the MPU 91 via the MPU bus bridge 84, each functional configuration in the FPGA 80 can receive a communication command from the MPU 91 according to an instruction from the personal computer 49. Is. The personal computer 49 includes an arithmetic unit (CPU), a storage device, a display unit, and an input device, generates various operation commands, and sends the commands to the MPU 91.

When the instruction from the personal computer 49 has the content to acquire the numerical values held by all the registers in the digital circuits (FPGA 60 and FPGA 80), the MPU 91 transmits the corresponding communication command. The communication command transmitted from the MPU 91 to the sensor amplifier 41 via the built-in unit communication unit 81a of the FPGA 80 is analyzed by the command analysis unit 73 via the communication unit 68, and transmitted from each register in the FPGA 60 via the internal bus 69. The data is read and transmitted to the main unit 40.

As for the other built-in units such as the displacement sensor amplifier 41b, the counter unit 43, and the parallel input/output unit, similarly to the sensor amplifier 41 described with reference to FIG. 2, an internal bus is provided in the digital circuit arranged in each unit. The data is read from each register in response to a communication command from the main unit 40.

The content of the data read from each register is collected and accumulated in the personal computer 49. Further, it is determined whether the content of the read data is normal or abnormal. Then, the personal computer 49 creates a report file for the determination result together with the content of the data read from each register, saves the file in the storage device, and displays the report content on the display unit. As a result, the user and the field engineer can easily confirm the state of the device and the status of failure.

FIG. 4 is a table showing an example of the description contents of the report file. 4A shows information on the sensor amplifier 41a for test force, FIG. 4B shows information on the sensor amplifier 41b for displacement, and FIG. 4C shows information on the position control unit 82. There is.

Each item corresponds to each register in the digital circuit, and the current value is the numerical value currently held in each register. The maximum value and the minimum value indicate the upper limit and the lower limit of the range permitted in the processing by the digital circuit of each built-in unit. Whether the current value, which is the numerical value read from each register, is normal or abnormal can be determined by whether or not the current value falls between the minimum value and the maximum value. It should be noted that a reference table containing information on items, minimum values, and maximum values in the table shown in FIG. By comparing with the numerical value of the reference table, it is possible to judge whether the content of the data read from each register is normal or abnormal.

In the description example of the report file shown in FIG. 4, the determination result is described as “normal” if the current value is a numerical value that falls between the minimum value and the maximum value. Further, when the current value 3000 exceeds the maximum value +2000 as in the offset value of FIG. 4A, it is described as “abnormal (H)” and the current speed of FIG. As described above, when the current value −2000 is less than the minimum value −1500, it is described as “abnormal (L)”.

As described above, in the material testing machine, the internal buses 69 and 89 are stretched around the digital circuits of the built-in units such as the main unit 40 and the sensor amplifier 41, so that the instruction from the personal computer 49 is executed in the material testing machine. It is possible to read the information held in each register by a communication command from the MPU 91 according to. Then, the user and the field engineer can easily know where the defect occurs in the material testing machine by referring to the report file. Further, the internal buses 69 and 89 enable the personal computer 49 to access the respective registers via the MPU 91, so that the instructions of the personal computer 49 regarding the specific register determined to be abnormal in the report shown in FIG. It is also possible to rewrite the numerical value by. Further, by observing the change in the value of each register after rewriting the value of the specific register, it is possible to obtain more detailed information useful for specifying the cause of the failure.

Further, by saving the report file in the storage device of the personal computer 49 and sending this report file from the personal computer 49 to a remote personal computer via a communication line, it is easy to notify the service base of the state of the material testing machine. Become. At the service base, when a user requests maintenance, the field engineer in charge can examine the contents of the report file in advance and narrow down the cause of the problem, so bring many parts as before. There is no need to visit the installation site of the material testing machine, and the maintenance work becomes efficient. As a result of examining the contents of the report file, it is necessary to replace the internal unit of the control device 2, for example, by rewriting the numerical value of a specific register or eliminating the abnormality of the numerical value of a specific register by changing the control settings. If there is no property, the field engineer can solve the problem in an extremely short time by notifying the user of the location of the material testing machine and notifying the user of the countermeasure.

The collection of the numerical value of each register and the creation of the report file in the personal computer 49 may be automatically performed at a predetermined time interval, and the user may operate the input device of the personal computer 49 at an arbitrary date and time. May be. If the values of each register are collected and the report file is created automatically at predetermined time intervals, users and field engineers can refer to the report file over time and measure the material tester. It is possible to grasp the state changes of equipment and control equipment over a long time axis. Since the consumption state of each part of the device can be confirmed, it becomes possible to propose replacement or inspection of parts to the user from the service base before a failure occurs.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the built-in unit for capturing the state of the detector such as the load cell 14 has been mainly described, but the built-in unit of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, any built-in unit (for example, a general-purpose input/output unit) having an input/output terminal for a signal such as a control signal as well as the detection signal of the detector and including a digital circuit for performing some signal processing may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Testing machine main body 2 Control device 10 Test piece 11 Upper gripping tool 12 Lower gripping tool 13 Crosshead 14 Load cell 15 Displacement meter 16 Table 21 Upper gripping tool 22 Lower gripping tool 31 Servo motor 32 Worm reducer 33 Worm reducer 34 Rotary encoder 41 sensor amplifier 43 counter unit 44 servo amplifier 48 display 49 personal computer 51 instrumentation amplifier 52 low-pass filter 53 A/D converter 54 D/A converter 55 low-pass filter 56 power amplifier 60 FPGA
61 Interface 62 Digital Filter 63 Offset Calculation Unit 64 Gain Calculation Unit 65 Non-Linear Correction Unit 66 Interface 67 Excitation Signal Generation Unit 69 Internal Bus 73 Command Analysis Unit 74 Bus Bridge 80 FPGA
81 Built-in Unit Communication Section 82 Position Control Section 83 Display Control Section 84 MPU Bus Bridge 89 Internal Bus 91 MPU
92 Ethernet controller

Claims (5)

A built-in unit having a load mechanism for applying a test force to a test piece, a plurality of detectors for monitoring the state of the load mechanism and/or measuring a physical change of the test piece, and a signal input/output terminal In a material testing machine, comprising: a control device including; and a personal computer connected to the control device via a communication line,
The control device is
A digital circuit having a plurality of registers for storing data, and an internal bus connecting the plurality of registers,
A processor connected to the digital circuit for reading data held by each of the plurality of registers in the digital circuit via the internal bus;
A main unit connected to each of the plurality of built-in units provided corresponding to each of the plurality of detectors, in which the processor is arranged;
Equipped with
The digital circuit is provided in each of the built-in unit and the main unit,
The processor outputs a communication command according to an instruction from the personal computer,
The material testing machine, wherein the personal computer judges whether the content of the data collected from each of the plurality of registers is normal or abnormal by the communication command from the processor. In the material testing machine according to claim 1 ,
The digital circuit of the main unit is provided with a bus bridge that connects the external bus of the processor and the internal bus of the digital circuit of the main unit,
In the digital circuit of the built-in unit, a communication unit that transmits and receives data to and from the main unit, a command analysis unit that analyzes the communication command received by the communication unit, and a digital circuit of the built-in unit. A material testing machine provided with a bus bridge that connects the internal bus and the communication unit via the command analysis unit. In the material testing machine according to claim 1,
The material testing machine, wherein the processor executes rewriting of data held in a specific register of the plurality of registers according to an instruction from the personal computer. In the material testing machine according to claim 1,
A material testing machine in which a storage device of the personal computer stores a table to be referred to when it is determined whether the content of data held in each of the plurality of registers of the digital circuit is normal or abnormal. In the material testing machine according to claim 1,
The personal computer is a material testing machine that creates a report file that describes data read from each of the plurality of registers and a result of determining whether the content of the data is normal or abnormal.

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