JP6734818B2 - SOx regulation compliant ship and fuel oil mixing method - Google Patents

SOx regulation compliant ship and fuel oil mixing method Download PDF

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JP6734818B2
JP6734818B2 JP2017130344A JP2017130344A JP6734818B2 JP 6734818 B2 JP6734818 B2 JP 6734818B2 JP 2017130344 A JP2017130344 A JP 2017130344A JP 2017130344 A JP2017130344 A JP 2017130344A JP 6734818 B2 JP6734818 B2 JP 6734818B2
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寛晃 吉光
寛晃 吉光
洋一 大谷
洋一 大谷
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Shin Kurushima Dockyard Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ＳＯｘ規制対応船、特に、２０２０年より含有硫黄（Ｓ）分を０．５％以下の燃料油使用が義務づけられるＳＯｘ規制を満足するＳＯｘ規制対応船及びその燃料油混合方法に関する（以下、時として、含有硫黄成分を「Ｓ○○％」、「Ｓ成分」と示す。）。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an SOx regulation-compliant ship, and more particularly to an SOx regulation-compliant vessel that satisfies the SOx regulation that requires the use of fuel oil with a sulfur (S) content of 0.5% or less from 2020, and a fuel oil mixing method thereof. Hereinafter, the contained sulfur components are sometimes referred to as "S○○%" and "S components").

２０２０年以降は一般海域においては、含有硫黄（Ｓ）成分０．５％以下の燃料油使用が義務つけられている外、北海、バルト海、北米沿岸、米国カリブ海の４海域（ＥＣＡ海域：Emission Control Area（排出規制海域））では、２０１５年以降は、含有Ｓ成分０．１％以下の燃料油の使用が強化される予定である(以下、これらを「ＳＯｘ規制」と称する。）。 After 2020, in the general sea area, the use of fuel oil containing 0.5% or less of sulfur (S) component is obligatory, and the four sea areas of the North Sea, the Baltic Sea, the North American coast, and the US Caribbean Sea (ECA sea area: In the Emission Control Area, use of fuel oil containing 0.1% or less of S component will be strengthened from 2015 onward (hereinafter, these are referred to as “SOx regulation”).

このようなＳＯｘ規制の対策としては一般的に次の３種類の方法が考えられる。(a)低硫黄燃料（ＭＧＯ：Ｍａｒｉｎｅ Ｇａｓ Ｏｉｌ、ＵＬＳＦＯ：Ｕｌｔｏｒａ Ｌｏｗ Ｓｕｌｐｈｕｒ Ｆｕｅｌ Ｏｉ１等)の使用、(b)無硫黄燃料（ＬＮＧ）の使用、(c)排ガス後処理の実施（ＳＯｘスクラバーの設置) 。 Generally, the following three types of methods can be considered as measures against such SOx regulations. (a) Use of low-sulfur fuel (MGO: Marine Gas Oil, ULSFO: Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oi1, etc.), (b) Use of sulfur-free fuel (LNG), (c) Implementation of exhaust gas post-treatment (installation of SOx scrubber) ).

しかしながら、上記の３種類の方策については、それぞれ以下の問題があげられる。
(a)低硫黄燃料（ＭＧＯ、ＵＬＳＦＯ等)の使用については、現時点での低硫黄燃料のコスト及び生産量が不透明である。
(b)無硫黄燃料（ＬＮＧ）の使用については、ＬＮＧ供給インフラが貧弱であり、かつ、その設置コストが高い。
(c)排ガス後処理の実施（ＳＯｘスクラバーの設置)については、設置コストが高い、将来的に現行Ｃ重油が生産され続けるのか不透明である。
上記(a)の対策が初期コストを抑えるという観点においては最も効果的とは考えられるが、低硫黄燃料の供給体制等が不透明である（２０１５年５月現在では、ＵＬＳＦＯについては、最小納入数量の制約や納入可能な港が限定され、採用されるかどうか不透明である。）。そのため、常に低硫黄燃料を確保出来るかという問題がある。 However, each of the above three types of measures has the following problems.
(a) Regarding the use of low-sulfur fuels (MGO, ULSFO, etc.), the cost and production volume of low-sulfur fuels at present are unclear.
(b) Regarding the use of sulfur-free fuel (LNG), the LNG supply infrastructure is poor and the installation cost is high.
(c) Regarding the implementation of exhaust gas post-treatment (installation of SOx scrubber), it is unclear whether the current C heavy oil will continue to be produced in the future due to the high installation cost.
The measures in (a) above are considered to be the most effective from the viewpoint of suppressing the initial cost, but the supply system of low sulfur fuel is unclear (as of May 2015, the minimum delivery quantity for ULSFO is It is unclear whether or not it will be adopted due to restrictions on the above and restrictions on the ports that can be delivered. Therefore, there is a problem that low-sulfur fuel can always be secured.

そこで、現時点で安定供給が不透明である低硫黄燃料の受け取り側の自由度を広げるために従来のＣ重油（Ｓ３．５％以下）に低硫黄燃料をブレンドするための設備を船内に設け、船内でＳ０．１％以下、ないしは、Ｓ０．５％以下の燃料をつくり船内各機関へ供給することで、燃料受け取りの柔軟性を持たせることが考えられる。なお、ここに低硫黄燃料とは、含有硫黄成分０．１％以下ないしは０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料をいい、このうち、０．１％以下のＭＧＯ（Ｍａｒｉｎｅ Ｇａｓ Ｏｉｌ）やＭＤＯ（Ｍａｒｉｎｅ Ｄｉｅｓｅｌ Ｏｉｌ)、ＵＬＳＦＯ（Ｕｌｔｒａ Ｌｏｗ Ｓｕｌｐｈｕｒ Ｆｕｅｌ Ｏｉ１）等は、現時点では少量ながら生産されているため比較的入手し易いが、０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油に関しては、２０２０年以降の運用となるため、現時点においては各石油会社が０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油を生産しておらず、２０２０年以降に生産が行われるのかどうか不明な状況委にあることに加え、０．１％以下低硫黄燃料にについても、これまで、ＥＣＡ海域内での使用に対応した供給量であったものが、ＥＣＡ海域外でも使用されるとすると今後の需要に対して供給量が追いつくかどうかの懸念もある。 Therefore, in order to increase the degree of freedom on the receiving side of low-sulfur fuel, for which stable supply is uncertain at the present time, a facility for blending low-sulfur fuel with conventional C heavy oil (S3.5% or less) is installed onboard, It is conceivable that the fuel can be flexibly received by producing a fuel of S0.1% or less or S0.5% or less and supplying it to each engine onboard. The low-sulfur fuel means a low-sulfur fuel having a sulfur content of 0.1% or less or 0.5% or less, of which 0.1% or less of MGO (Marine Gas Oil) and MDO (Marine). Diesel Oil), ULSFO (Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oi1), etc. are relatively easy to obtain because they are currently produced in a small amount, but for low sulfur fuel oil of 0.5% or less, operation after 2020 and Therefore, each oil company is not producing low-sulfur fuel oil of 0.5% or less at this time, and it is unclear whether production will be started after 2020. For low-sulfur fuels of less than %, if the supply amount that was used up to now within the ECA area is used outside the ECA area, will the supply amount catch up with future demand? There are also concerns.

そして、この種の船内で二種類の燃料油を混合させる船舶の例としては、例えば、特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報に開示のものが知られている。
特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報の開示は、発明の名称「船舶の燃料供給装置」に係り、「機関室内に燃料油セットリングタンク等を追加することなく、複数の油種をディーゼル機関に供給することの出来る船舶の燃料供給装置を提供する」ことを目的とする発明解決課題において（同公報明細書段落番号００１３参照）、「燃料油貯蔵タンクと、燃料油セットリングタンクと、前記燃料油貯蔵タンクと前記燃料油セットリングタンクを連絡する移送管と、前記燃料油セットリングタンクから移送された燃料油を一時貯留して機関に供給する燃料油サービスタンクとを備える船舶の燃料供給装置において、前記燃料油セットリングタンク内の燃料油を排出して前記燃料油貯蔵タンクに帰還させる帰還手段を備える」とする構成により（同公報明細書特許請求の範囲の請求項１の記載等参照）、「燃料油セットリングタンク内の燃料油を燃料油貯蔵タンクに帰還させて、別の油種と入れ替えるので、複数の油種を切り替えて機関に供給する燃料供給装置を１組の燃料油セットリングタンクと燃料油サービスタンクの組み合わせで実現できるので、機関室の容積を小さくすることができる。そのため、船舶の船倉容積を損なうことがない」という効果を奏するものである（同公報明細書段落番号００２３参照）。 Then, as an example of a ship in which two types of fuel oil are mixed in this type of ship, for example, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-331670 is known.
The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-331670 relates to the title of the invention "fuel supply device for ships", "supplying a plurality of oil types to a diesel engine without adding a fuel oil settling tank or the like in the engine room" In a problem to be solved by the invention for the purpose of “providing a fuel supply device for a ship capable of doing so” (see paragraph No. 0013 of the specification of the publication), “fuel oil storage tank, fuel oil settling tank, and fuel oil storage” In a fuel supply device for a ship, which comprises a transfer pipe connecting the tank and the fuel oil settling tank, and a fuel oil service tank which temporarily stores the fuel oil transferred from the fuel oil settling tank and supplies the fuel oil to an engine, And a return means for discharging the fuel oil in the fuel oil settling tank and returning the fuel oil to the fuel oil storage tank" (refer to the description of claim 1 in the specification of the patent publication). "The fuel oil in the fuel oil settling tank is returned to the fuel oil storage tank and replaced with another oil type. Since it can be realized by combining the tank and the fuel oil service tank, it is possible to reduce the volume of the engine room. Therefore, the volume of the cargo hold of the ship is not impaired." 0023).

図４は、当該特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報に開示発明の実施例として示される舶用ディーゼル機関プラントの構成図である。図４において、符号１０１は、ディーゼル機関、１０３は、燃料油セットリングタンク、１０４は、燃料油サービスタンク、１０５は、ディーゼル油タンク、１０６は、切換弁、１０７は、推進器、１０８は、移送管、１０８ａ、１０８ｂは、枝管、１０９は、送油ポンプ、１１０は、加熱器、１１１は、油清浄機、１１２は、高硫黄燃料油タンク、１１３は、低硫黄燃料油タンク、１１４は、高硫黄燃料油選択弁、１１５は、低硫黄燃料油選択弁、１１６は、燃料移送弁、１１７は、排出管、１１８は、排出弁、１１９は、帰還管、１１９ａ、１１９ｂは、枝管、１２０は、帰還弁、１２１は、高硫黄燃料油帰還弁、１２２は、低硫黄燃料油帰還弁である（なお、符号は、先行技術であることを明らかにするために、本願出願人において、３桁に変更して説明した。）。 FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a marine diesel engine plant shown as an embodiment of the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-331670. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 101 is a diesel engine, 103 is a fuel oil setting tank, 104 is a fuel oil service tank, 105 is a diesel oil tank, 106 is a switching valve, 107 is a propeller, and 108 is Transfer pipes 108a and 108b are branch pipes, 109 is an oil feed pump, 110 is a heater, 111 is an oil cleaner, 112 is a high sulfur fuel oil tank, 113 is a low sulfur fuel oil tank, 114 Is a high sulfur fuel oil selection valve, 115 is a low sulfur fuel oil selection valve, 116 is a fuel transfer valve, 117 is a discharge pipe, 118 is a discharge valve, 119 is a return pipe, 119a and 119b are branches. Pipe, 120 is a return valve, 121 is a high-sulfur fuel oil return valve, and 122 is a low-sulfur fuel oil return valve (note that the reference numerals indicate prior art, the applicant of the present application) In the above, the explanation was made by changing to 3 digits.).

しかしながら、当該特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報に開示のものは、低硫黄燃料油と高硫黄燃料油の二種類の燃料油を使用するものではあるが、単に燃料油セットリングタンクから燃料油を燃料油貯蔵タンクに帰還させるだけのものであり、硫黄成分調整を行うものではない。 However, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-331670 uses two types of fuel oil, low-sulfur fuel oil and high-sulfur fuel oil, but the fuel oil is simply fed from the fuel oil settling tank. It only returns to the oil storage tank and does not adjust the sulfur content.

また、二種類の異なる燃料油タンクを備える船舶としては、現行でも運航されるＳ３．５％以下の燃料油を貯蔵する通常の燃料タンクの外にＳ０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料を貯蔵する低硫黄燃料タンクを備える船舶の例がある。現行運航の当該船舶においては、前記通常燃料タンク（Ｓ３．５％以下のＣ重油タンク）に予めＳ０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵し、適宜に規制海域で使用燃料を切り替えて使用することが考えられる。 Further, as a ship equipped with two different types of fuel oil tanks, a low sulfur fuel of S0.1% or less is stored in addition to an ordinary fuel tank which is currently operated and stores fuel oil of S3.5% or less. There are examples of vessels equipped with low sulfur fuel tanks. In the ship currently operated, low sulfur fuel oil of S0.5% or less is stored in advance in the normal fuel tank (C heavy oil tank of S3.5% or less), and the fuel used is appropriately switched and used in the regulated sea area. It is possible to do it.

図５（ａ）は、現在でも使用される通常の燃料油（Ｓ３．５％以下のＣ重油燃料油）タンクの外に低硫黄燃料油（Ｓ０．１％以下の燃料油）タンクを備える船舶の例を示す概略図であり、図５（ｂ）は、規制が強化された場合に、当該通常燃料油タンクにＳ０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵するタンクを設ける外、０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵する例を示す概念図である。 FIG. 5(a) is a ship equipped with a low-sulfur fuel oil (S0.1% or less fuel oil) tank in addition to a normal fuel oil (S3.5% or less C heavy fuel oil) tank that is still used today. 5(b) is a schematic view showing an example of No. 0, in which the normal fuel oil tank is provided with a tank for storing low-sulfur fuel oil of S0.5% or less when the regulation is strengthened. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the example which stores low sulfur fuel oil of 1% or less.

図５（ａ）（ｂ）において、符号１０１は、ディーゼル機関（エンジン）、１０８は、移送管、１０８ａ、１０８ｂは、枝管、１０９は、送油ポンプ、１０９は、送油ポンプ、１１２は、高硫黄燃料油タンク、１１３は、低硫黄燃料油タンク、１１４は、高硫黄燃料油選択弁、１１５は、低硫黄燃料油選択弁、１２５は、排ガス管である（符号は、図４の例に倣った。）。すなわち、図５（ａ）（ｂ）に示す例は、従来から備える通常のＣ重油燃料油タンク１１２に低硫黄のＳ０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵しておき、強化されるＳＯｘ規制に応急的に対応しようというものである。 5A and 5B, reference numeral 101 is a diesel engine (engine), 108 is a transfer pipe, 108a and 108b are branch pipes, 109 is an oil feed pump, 109 is an oil feed pump, and 112 is , A high-sulfur fuel oil tank, 113, a low-sulfur fuel oil tank, 114, a high-sulfur fuel oil selection valve, 115, a low-sulfur fuel oil selection valve, and 125, an exhaust gas pipe (reference numeral in FIG. 4). I followed the example.). That is, in the example shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), SOx to be reinforced by storing low-sulfur fuel oil having a low sulfur content of 0.5% or less in a conventional C heavy fuel oil tank 112 provided conventionally The aim is to respond to regulations in an urgent manner.

しかしながら、上記のような単に通常燃料タンク１１２に０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油の使用を前提とするとしても、問題は、前述するように、ここでの使用に適合する０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油が、充分にかつ安定的に供給できる態勢にあるかどうかが不明であることである。 However, even assuming the use of less than 0.5% low-sulfur fuel oil in the normal fuel tank 112, as described above, the problem is that, as mentioned above, 0.5% is suitable for use here. It is unclear whether the following low-sulfur fuel oils are in a position to supply them sufficiently and stably.

特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報JP, 2007-331670, A

そこで、本発明は、従来から使用されるＣ重油(Ｓ３．５％以下)と、同様に従来から使用され安定的供給が可能な０．１％以下低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵する二種類の燃料タンクを備え、これらの二種類の燃料油を混合(ブレンド）する設備を船内に設け、船内において、前記ＳＯｘ規制に適合し、安定供給が不透明である低硫黄燃料の受け取り側の自由度を広げることができる０．５％以下低硫黄燃料油への調整を可能とするＳＯｘ規制対応船を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides two types of fuels, one for storing C heavy oil (S3.5% or less) which has been conventionally used and the other for which low sulfur fuel oil of 0.1% or less, which is also conventionally used and can be stably supplied, is stored. The tank is equipped with equipment for mixing (blending) these two types of fuel oil, and the degree of freedom on the receiving side of low-sulfur fuel that meets the SOx regulations and whose stable supply is unclear is provided onboard. it is an object of the invention to provide a SOx regulations ship to allow adjustment to less than 0.5% low-sulfur fuel oil is Ru can.

上記課題を解決するために、本願請求項１に係る発明は、ＳＯｘ規制対応船において、通常燃料油を貯蔵する通常燃料油タンクと、当該通常燃料油タンクとは独立に設けられる入手時の生産コスト、流通コストで決定される安定供給可能な硫黄分０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯造する低硫黄燃料油タンクと、これらの両タンクからの燃料油を所定の比率で混合する燃料混合弁と、（１）排ガス管に設けられたＳＯ2／Ｃｏ2センサーと、（２）混合された燃料油が流れる移送管に設けられた液中硫黄分センサーと、（３）通常燃料油タンク及び低硫黄燃料油タンクにそれぞれ接続される枝管に設けられる２つの液中硫黄分センサーとを有し、上記（２）及び／又は（３）又はこれらと（１）との組み合わせから求められ、これらの選択に対応した、排ガス中のＳＯｘ値、混合燃料の含有硫黄成分の測定値、高硫黄燃料油及び低硫黄燃料油の各燃料油の含有硫黄成分の測定値の少なくとも１つと、船舶が航行する海図情報と連動し、特定海域を航行する場合の混合燃料油の硫黄分比率が０．１％以下に調整する演算器と、からなることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a SOx regulation-compliant ship, in which an ordinary fuel oil tank for storing ordinary fuel oil and a production at the time of acquisition provided independently of the ordinary fuel oil tank are provided. A low-sulfur fuel oil tank that stores low-sulfur fuel oil with a sulfur content of 0.1% or less that can be stably supplied, determined by cost and distribution cost , and fuel oil from both tanks are mixed at a predetermined ratio. A fuel mixing valve; (1) an SO 2 /Co 2 sensor provided in the exhaust gas pipe; (2) a sulfur-in-liquid sensor provided in a transfer pipe through which mixed fuel oil flows; and (3) normal fuel It has two in-liquid sulfur content sensors provided in the branch pipes respectively connected to the oil tank and the low-sulfur fuel oil tank, and from the above (2) and/or (3) or a combination of these and (1) At least one of the SOx value in the exhaust gas, the measured value of the sulfur component contained in the mixed fuel, the measured value of the sulfur component contained in each of the high-sulfur fuel oil and the low-sulfur fuel oil, which is obtained and corresponds to these selections. And a calculator that adjusts the sulfur content ratio of the mixed fuel oil to 0.1% or less when operating in a specific sea area, in conjunction with the chart information that the ship is sailing.

安定供給が不明確であり、又は限定される懸念がある０．５％以下の船舶低硫黄燃料油について、従来どおりの安定供給が可能なＣ重油（通常燃料油）と、同様に、従来から安定的に供給される０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料油を船内でブレンドし(混合して）、硫黄分調整を可能とするので、２０２０年ＳＯｘ規制に適合する燃料油とすることができ、２０２０年ＳＯｘ規制強化の場合にも、受け入れ燃料について燃料選択の幅が広がることとなる。
また、ＳＯｘ規制における一般海域のみならず異なる規制値をとる排出規制海域（ＥＣＡ）においても、瞬時に対応できる船舶とすることができ、今後予想される規制の強化や規制海域の変化に容易に対応できる船舶とすることができる。
さらに、調整された燃料油は、主機関のみならず各種使用機関にも供給することができるので、この面でもＳＯｘ規制に適合することとなり、この面においても経済性にも適合する船舶とすることとなる。 For ship low-sulfur fuel oil of 0.5% or less, where stable supply is unclear or may be limited, similar to conventional heavy fuel oil (normal fuel oil) that enables stable supply as before, A stable supply of low-sulfur fuel oil of 0.1% or less can be blended (mixed) onboard to adjust the sulfur content, so fuel oil that meets the 2020 SOx regulations can be obtained. In the case of 2020 SOx regulation tightening, the range of fuel selection for the received fuel will be expanded.
Further, it is possible to instantly respond to not only SOx regulations in general sea areas but also emission control areas (ECA) that have different regulation values, and it is possible to easily strengthen future regulations and changes in regulation areas. It can be a ship that can handle.
Furthermore, the adjusted fuel oil can be supplied not only to the main engine but also to various types of engines used, so that this aspect also complies with the SOx regulation, and the vessel is also economically compatible with this aspect. It will be.

図１は、本発明の実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１の燃料油混合の概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of fuel oil mixing of an SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、本実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２０の概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the SOx regulation-compliant ship 20 according to the second embodiment. 図３は、本実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２５の概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the SOx regulation-compliant ship 25 according to the third embodiment. 図４は、当該特開２００７-３３１６７０号公報に開示発明の実施例として示される舶用ディーゼル機関プラントの構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a marine diesel engine plant shown as an embodiment of the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-331670. 図５（ａ）は、現在でも使用される通常の燃料油（Ｓ３．５％以下のＣ重油燃料油）タンクの外に低硫黄燃料油（Ｓ０．１％以下の燃料油）タンクを備える船舶の例を示す概略図であり、図５（ｂ）は、規制が強化された場合に、当該通常燃料油タンクにＳ０．５％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵するタンクを設ける外、０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯蔵する例を示す概念図である。FIG. 5(a) is a ship equipped with a low-sulfur fuel oil (S0.1% or less fuel oil) tank in addition to a normal fuel oil (S3.5% or less C heavy fuel oil) tank that is still used today. 5(b) is a schematic view showing an example of No. 0, in which the normal fuel oil tank is provided with a tank for storing low-sulfur fuel oil of S0.5% or less when the regulation is strengthened. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the example which stores low sulfur fuel oil of 1% or less.

本発明に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船を実施するための一実施例を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。 An embodiment for carrying out a SOx regulated ship according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船の一実施例である実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１の燃料油混合の概略図である。
図１において、符号１は、本実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船、２は、高硫黄燃料油が貯蔵される通常燃料油タンク、３は、低硫黄燃料油タンク、４は、高硫黄燃料油選択弁、５は、低硫黄燃料油選択弁、６は、 燃料混合弁、７は、演算器、８は、燃料を移送する移送管、８ａ、８ｂは、枝管、９は、送油ポンプ、１０は、主機関(エンジン）、１１は、排ガス管、１２は、ＳＯ2／ＣＯ2センサー、１３ａ、１３ｂは、通信ケーブルである。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of fuel oil mixing of an SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to a first embodiment which is an example of an SOx regulation-compliant ship according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a SOx regulation-compliant vessel according to the first embodiment, 2 is a normal fuel oil tank for storing high-sulfur fuel oil, 3 is a low-sulfur fuel oil tank, and 4 is a high-sulfur fuel. Oil selection valve, 5 is a low-sulfur fuel oil selection valve, 6 is a fuel mixing valve, 7 is a calculator, 8 is a transfer pipe for transferring fuel, 8a and 8b are branch pipes, and 9 is oil transfer The pump 10 is a main engine, 11 is an exhaust gas pipe, 12 is an SO 2 /CO 2 sensor, and 13 a and 13 b are communication cables.

図１から明らかなように、本実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１は、通常の燃料油（Ｓ３．５％以下Ｃ重油）を貯蔵する前記通常燃料油タンク２と、Ｓ０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料を貯蔵する前記低硫黄燃料タンク３を備える。
そして、各燃料タンク２、３は、それぞれの上記選択弁４、５を介して双方のタンク２、３からの燃料を適宜の割合で混合する前記燃料混合弁６に接続され、所定の硫黄分に調整された混合燃料油が前記移送管８及び送油ポンプ９を介して前記主機関(エンジン）１０に供給される。 As is clear from FIG. 1, the SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to the first embodiment includes the normal fuel oil tank 2 for storing normal fuel oil (S3.5% or less and C heavy oil) and S0.1% or less. The low sulfur fuel tank 3 for storing the low sulfur fuel is provided.
Then, each fuel tank 2, 3 is connected to the fuel mixing valve 6 for mixing the fuels from both tanks 2, 3 at a proper ratio via the respective selection valves 4, 5, and a predetermined sulfur content is obtained. The mixed fuel oil adjusted to 1 is supplied to the main engine (engine) 10 via the transfer pipe 8 and the oil feed pump 9.

混合された燃料油は、当該主機関１０で燃焼し、その排ガスは、前記排ガス管１１から船外に排出される。前記排ガス管１１には、前記ＳＯ2／Ｃｏ2センサー１２が設けられ、常時、ＳＯｘ値、ＣＯ2値を測定する。測定されたＳＯｘ値は、前記通信ケーブル１３ａを介して前記演算器７に送られ、当該演算器７では、送られたＳＯｘ値に基づき、ＳＯｘ規制に適合する高硫黄燃料油と低硫黄燃料油の混合比を演算し、その演算結果に基づいて、前記燃料混合弁６の開度が決定される。つまり、前記ＳＯ2／Ｃｏ2センサー１２の検出結果に基づき、前記演算器７で、予め設定されたその海域のＳＯｘ規制に適合する硫黄成分の混合燃料とすることができる。 The mixed fuel oil is combusted in the main engine 10, and the exhaust gas thereof is discharged from the exhaust gas pipe 11 to the outside of the ship. The exhaust gas pipe 11 is provided with the SO 2 /Co 2 sensor 12 and constantly measures the SOx value and the CO 2 value. The measured SOx value is sent to the computing unit 7 via the communication cable 13a, and the computing unit 7 is based on the sent SOx value and is based on the sent SOx value. Is calculated, and the opening degree of the fuel mixing valve 6 is determined based on the calculation result. That is, based on the detection result of the SO 2 /Co 2 sensor 12, the arithmetic unit 7 can make a mixed fuel of a sulfur component that meets the preset SOx regulation of the sea area.

このとき、例えば、当該船舶が航行する海図情報と連動するようにして、一般海域を航行する場合には、前記混合燃料油の硫黄分比率が０．５％以下に、また、特定海域を航行する場合には、前記混合燃料油の硫黄分比率が０．１％以下に調整する（ちなみに、０．１％以下低硫黄燃料油とするときは、混合調整はなく、１００％０．１％以下低硫黄燃料油だけとなる。）。
なお、本実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１に使用される前記ＳＯ2／Ｃｏ2センサー１２としては、例えば、富士電機社製ＳＯ2／ＣＯ2センサー(製品名「煙道排ガス濃度測定ＮＯｘ、ＳＯｘ、ＣＯ、ＣＯ2、Ｏ2ガス分析装置（形式：ＺＳＪ）等が使用され、また、前記演算器７としては、市販のパーソナルコンピュータ等で代用しても良い。 At this time, for example, in the case of navigating in the general sea area in association with the nautical chart information in which the ship is navigating, the sulfur content ratio of the mixed fuel oil is 0.5% or less, and in the specific sea area. In that case, the sulfur content ratio of the mixed fuel oil is adjusted to 0.1% or less (by the way, when the low sulfur fuel oil is 0.1% or less, there is no mixing adjustment and 100% 0.1% Below is only low-sulfur fuel oil).
The SO 2 /Co 2 sensor 12 used in the SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to the first embodiment is, for example, a SO 2 /CO 2 sensor manufactured by Fuji Electric Co. (product name “flue gas exhaust gas concentration measurement NOx , SOx, CO, CO 2 , O 2 gas analyzer (type: ZSJ), etc. are used, and the computing unit 7 may be replaced by a commercially available personal computer or the like.

このような構成からなる本実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１においては、 前記通常燃料油タンク２の外に前記低硫黄燃料用タンク３を独立して設け、それらのタンク２，３からの燃料をブレンドする（混合する）ための前記燃料混合弁６を設ける。さらに、前記エンジン１０の排ガス管１１に装備した前記ＳＯ2センサー／ＣＯ2センサー１２により、エンジン１０等の排ガス中ＳＯ2濃度、ＣＯ2濃度を測定し、前記エンジン１０に供給する混合燃料油中の硫黄成分を予め記憶するＳＯ2濃度と燃料油含有硫黄成分との関係から演算し、混合する燃料の割合を前記演算器７にて決定し、前記燃料混合弁６の開度を制御することにより、船内で使用するエンジン１０等に供給する混合燃料油中の硫黄分０．５％以下、ないしは、適宜、０．１％以下とするものである。 In the SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to the first embodiment having such a configuration, the low sulfur fuel tank 3 is independently provided outside the normal fuel oil tank 2, The fuel mixing valve 6 for blending (mixing) fuels is provided. Further, the SO 2 sensor/CO 2 sensor 12 mounted on the exhaust gas pipe 11 of the engine 10 measures the SO 2 concentration and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas of the engine 10, etc. Is calculated from the relationship between the SO 2 concentration stored in advance and the sulfur component containing fuel oil, the ratio of the mixed fuel is determined by the calculator 7, and the opening degree of the fuel mixing valve 6 is controlled. Therefore, the sulfur content in the mixed fuel oil supplied to the engine 10 or the like used in the ship is 0.5% or less, or appropriately 0.1% or less.

本実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１は、使用する二種の燃料油としては、安定的に容易に入手し易い硫黄分３．５％の、例えば、Ｃ重油（高硫黄成分燃料油）と、同様に安定的に入手し易い硫黄分０．１％以下の低硫黄成分燃料油（例えば、上述したＬＳＭＧＯ あるいは、ＵＬＳＦＯ）の使用を前提とする。安定的な入手可能かどうかは、入手時のコストと生産量等に左右される性質でもあるが、それらの生産量、流通量等のコストを考慮して決定される。 The SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to the first embodiment has, as the two types of fuel oils to be used, for example, C heavy oil (high-sulfur component fuel oil) having a sulfur content of 3.5%, which is easily and stably available. Similarly, it is premised on the use of a low-sulfur component fuel oil having a sulfur content of 0.1% or less (for example, LSMGO or ULSFO described above ) that is easily and stably available. Stable availability depends on the cost at the time of acquisition and the amount of production, but is determined in consideration of costs such as production and distribution.

このような前提において、前記排ガス管１１に設ける前記ＳＯ2／ＣＯ2センサー１２と、その検出結果に基づいて混合燃料油の含有硫黄成分を演算し、さらに、両燃料油の混合比率を決定して、その決定結果に基づいて、前記燃料混合弁６の開度を決定し、高硫黄成分燃料油と低硫黄成分燃料油について、予め定める比率に基づいて両燃料を混合すれば良いのであるから、構造上の大きな変更を伴うことなく、いわば応急的にＳＯｘ規制に対応できることとなる。 Under such a premise, the SO 2 /CO 2 sensor 12 provided in the exhaust gas pipe 11 and the sulfur component contained in the mixed fuel oil are calculated based on the detection result, and the mixing ratio of both fuel oils is determined. Then, the opening degree of the fuel mixing valve 6 is determined based on the determination result, and both the high-sulfur component fuel oil and the low-sulfur component fuel oil may be mixed based on a predetermined ratio. Thus, it will be possible to respond to SOx regulations in an urgent manner without major structural changes.

したがって、船内装備に大きな変更を伴うことなく、上記の装置を付加するだけで、船舶が一般海域ＳＯｘ規制のみならずより厳しい規制値の排出規制海域（ＥＣＡ）を航行する場合にも瞬時に、かつ、自動的にその海域のＳＯｘ規制に対応でき、また、今後一層厳しく又は細かく規制されることになるかも知れないＳＯｘ規制に柔軟、かつ、応急的に対応できることとなる。 Therefore, even if the ship sails not only in the general sea area SOx regulation but also in the emission control area (ECA) having a stricter regulation value, it is possible to instantly add the above-mentioned device without making a large change in the equipment onboard. Moreover, it is possible to automatically comply with the SOx regulation of the sea area, and to flexibly and urgently respond to the SOx regulation which may be regulated more strictly or finely in the future.

次に、本発明に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船の実施例２について図面に基づいて説明する。
図２は、本実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２０の概略図である。図２において、符号２０は、実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船、２１は、前記移送管８に設けられ、同移送管８内を流れる前記混合燃料の硫黄（Ｓ）成分を測定する液中センサーであり、２３ａは、その測定結果を送る通信ケーブルである。 Next, a second embodiment of an SOx-compliant ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the SOx regulation-compliant ship 20 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 is a SOx regulation-compliant ship according to the second embodiment, and 21 is a liquid provided in the transfer pipe 8 for measuring the sulfur (S) component of the mixed fuel flowing in the transfer pipe 8. The sensor 23a is a communication cable for sending the measurement result.

上述してきた実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船１が、前記排ガス管１１に設けられ、当該排ガス管１１内を流れる排ガス中のＳＯｘ値を測定し、その測定結果に基づいて、前記燃料混合弁６の開度を調整して、混合燃料の硫黄成分を０．１％以下、ないしは、０．５％以下等に調整するのに対し、本実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２０においては、混合された燃料油が流れる前記移送管８に設けたセンサー２１により、混合燃料中の硫黄成分を測定し、その測定結果に基づいて、前記燃料混合弁６の開度を調整して、混合燃料の硫黄成分を０．１％以下、ないしは、０．５％以下等に適宜の硫黄成分の混合燃料油に調整する。この種の液中硫黄成分センサー２１としては、例えば、東亜ディーケーケー社製「高感度プロセス硫黄計（型番ＨＳＣＡー２０００）」等が使用できる。 The SOx regulation-compliant ship 1 according to the first embodiment described above is provided in the exhaust gas pipe 11, measures the SOx value in the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas pipe 11, and based on the measurement result, the fuel mixing valve The sulfur component of the mixed fuel is adjusted to 0.1% or less, or 0.5% or less by adjusting the opening degree of No. 6 while the SOx regulation-compliant ship 20 according to the second embodiment The sensor 21 provided in the transfer pipe 8 through which the mixed fuel oil flows measures the sulfur component in the mixed fuel, and based on the measurement result, the opening degree of the fuel mixing valve 6 is adjusted to adjust the mixed fuel. The sulfur component is adjusted to 0.1% or less, or 0.5% or less to prepare a mixed fuel oil having an appropriate sulfur component. As the in-liquid sulfur component sensor 21 of this type, for example, a “high-sensitivity process sulfur meter (model number HSCA-2000)” manufactured by Toa DKK Co., Ltd. can be used.

次に、本発明に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船の実施例３について図面に基づいて説明する。
図３は、本実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２５の概略図である。図３において、符号２５は、実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船、２６ａ、２６ｂは、前記高硫黄燃料油タンク２及び前記低硫黄燃料油タンク３にそれぞれ接続される前記枝管８ａ、８ｂに設けられ、これらの枝管８ａ、８ｂ内を流れる高硫黄燃料油及び低硫黄燃料油の硫黄（Ｓ）成分を測定するセンサー２６ａ、２６ｂであり、２７ａ、２７ｂは、それらの測定結果を送る通信ケーブルである。 Next, a third embodiment of the SOx regulation-compliant ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the SOx regulation-compliant ship 25 according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 25 is an SOx regulation-compliant ship according to the third embodiment, and 26a and 26b are branch pipes 8a and 8b connected to the high-sulfur fuel oil tank 2 and the low-sulfur fuel oil tank 3, respectively. Sensors 26a and 26b that are provided and measure the sulfur (S) components of the high-sulfur fuel oil and the low-sulfur fuel oil that flow in the branch pipes 8a and 8b, and 27a and 27b are the communication that sends the measurement results. It is a cable.

本実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２５おいては、実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船２０の前記移送管８に設けるセンサー２１の代わりに、前記高硫黄燃料油が貯蔵される通常燃料油タンク２及び前記低硫黄燃料油タンク３にそれぞれ接続される前記枝管８ａ、８ｂに、当該枝管８ａ、８ｂ内を流れる各燃料油の含有硫黄成分を測定する２つの前記センサー２６ａ、２６ｂを設け、これらの各センサー２６ａ、２６ｂによって、各枝管８ａ、８ｂを流れる高硫黄燃料油及び低硫黄燃料油の各燃料油の含有硫黄成分を測定し、前記演算器７において、その測定結果に基づく所望とする混合燃料油の含有硫黄成分を決定し、その決定結果に基づいて、前記燃料混合弁６の開度調整せんとするものであり、最終的に所望とする混合燃料の硫黄成分を０．１％以下、ないしは、０．５％以下等に適宜の硫黄成分の混合燃料油となるように調整するものである。なお、液中硫黄成分センサー２６ａ。２６ｂとしては、実施例２で用いた東亜ディーケーケー社製「高感度プロセス硫黄計（型番ＨＳＣＡー２０００）」等が使用される。 In the SOx regulation-compliant ship 25 according to the third embodiment, the normal fuel oil in which the high-sulfur fuel oil is stored instead of the sensor 21 provided in the transfer pipe 8 of the SOx regulation-compliant ship 20 according to the second embodiment. In the branch pipes 8a and 8b connected to the tank 2 and the low-sulfur fuel oil tank 3, respectively, two sensors 26a and 26b for measuring the sulfur content of each fuel oil flowing in the branch pipes 8a and 8b are provided. The sensors 26a and 26b are provided to measure the sulfur components contained in the high-sulfur fuel oil and the low-sulfur fuel oil that flow through the respective branch pipes 8a and 8b. Based on the determination result, the desired sulfur content of the mixed fuel oil is determined, and based on the determination result, the opening degree of the fuel mixing valve 6 is adjusted. It is adjusted to 0.1% or less, or 0.5% or less so that a mixed fuel oil of an appropriate sulfur component is obtained. The liquid sulfur sensor 26a. The high-sensitivity process sulfur meter (model number HSCA-2000) manufactured by Toa DKK Co., Ltd. used in Example 2 is used as 26b.

なお、これら実施例１ないし実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船が必ず単独で装備されなければならないものではなく、実施例１ないし実施例３の適宜の組み合わせ、つまり、実施例１と実施例２、実施例２と実施例３、実施例１と実施例３、ないしは実施例１ないし実施例３のすべてを装備するＳＯｘ規制対応船であっても良いことは言うまでもない。。 It should be noted that the SOx regulation-compliant ships according to the first to third embodiments are not necessarily required to be individually equipped, and an appropriate combination of the first to third embodiments, that is, the first and second embodiments. Needless to say, the SOx-regulated vessel equipped with all of the second and third embodiments, the first and third embodiments, or the first to third embodiments may be used. ..

すなわち、前記低硫黄燃料用タンク３及び(従来の)C重油タンク２を独立して設け、それらをブレンドするための混合弁６も設ける。そして、エンジン排ガス管１１やエンジン１０に燃料を供給する移送管８や、各タンク２、３に接続される枝管８ａ、８ｂに装備される硫黄成分を測定するＳＯ2センサー１２、２１、２６ａ、２６ｂにより、エンジン１０に供給する混合する燃料油の割合を制御し、含有硫黄成分を０．５％以下、ないしは、０．１％以下とする燃料油を船内の各使用エンジンへ供給することができるようにしたものである。このような組み合わせとすることにより、測定精度が向上し、ＳＯｘ規制に正確に適合することとなる。 That is, the low sulfur fuel tank 3 and the (conventional) C heavy oil tank 2 are independently provided, and the mixing valve 6 for blending them is also provided. Then, SO 2 sensors 12, 21, 26a for measuring sulfur components provided in the engine exhaust gas pipe 11 and the transfer pipe 8 for supplying fuel to the engine 10 and the branch pipes 8a, 8b connected to the respective tanks 2, 3. , 26b to control the ratio of the mixed fuel oil to be supplied to the engine 10, and to supply the fuel oil containing the sulfur component of 0.5% or less, or 0.1% or less to each engine used onboard. It was made possible. With such a combination, the measurement accuracy is improved and the SOx regulation is accurately met.

本発明は、ＳＯｘ規制対応船、特に、２０２０年より含有硫黄（Ｓ）分を０．５％以下の燃料油使用が義務づけられるＳＯｘ規制を満足する船舶に応急的に利用される。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is urgently used for ships complying with SOx regulations, particularly ships satisfying SOx regulations that require the use of fuel oil containing sulfur (S) of 0.5% or less from 2020.

１ 実施例１に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船
２ 高硫黄燃料油を貯蔵する通常燃料油タンク
３ 低硫黄燃料油タンク
４ 高硫黄燃料油選択弁
５ 低硫黄燃料油選択弁
６ 燃料混合弁
７ 演算器
８ 燃料移送管
８ａ,８ｂ 枝管
９ 送油ポンプ
１０ エンジン(主機関）
１１ 排ガス管
１２ ＳＯ2／ＣＯ2センサー
１３ａ、１３ｂ 通信ケーブル
２０ 実施例２に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船
２１ 燃料油硫黄成分測定センサー
２５ 実施例３に係るＳＯｘ規制対応船
２６ａ、２６ｂ 燃料油硫黄成分測定センサー
２７ａ、２７ｂ 通信ケーブル
１０１ ディーゼル機関
１０３ 燃料油セットリングタンク
１０４ 燃料油サービスタンク
１０５ ディーゼル油タンク
１０６ 切換弁
１０７ 推進器
１０８ 移送管
１０８ａ、１０８ｂ 枝管
１０９ 送油ポンプ
１１０ 加熱器
１１１ 油清浄機
１１２ 高硫黄燃料油タンク
１１３ 低硫黄燃料油タンク
１１４ 高硫黄燃料油選択弁
１１５ 低硫黄燃料油選択弁
１１６ 燃料移送弁
１１７ 排出管
１１８ 排出弁
１１９ 帰還管
１１９ａ、１１９ｂ 枝管
１２０ 帰還弁
１２１ 高硫黄燃料油帰還弁
１２２ 低硫黄燃料油帰還弁
１２５ 排ガス管
1 SOx regulation compliant ship according to Example 1 2 Normal fuel oil tank for storing high-sulfur fuel oil 3 Low-sulfur fuel oil tank 4 High-sulfur fuel oil selection valve 5 Low-sulfur fuel oil selection valve 6 Fuel mixing valve 7 Computing unit 8 Fuel transfer pipe 8a, 8b Branch pipe 9 Oil transfer pump 10 Engine (main engine)
11 Exhaust Gas Pipe 12 SO 2 /CO 2 Sensors 13a, 13b Communication Cable 20 SOx Regulation Compliant Ship According to Example 2 21 Fuel Oil Sulfur Component Measurement Sensor 25 25 SOx Regulation Compliant Ship According to Example 3 26a, 26b Fuel Oil Sulfur Component Measurement Sensors 27a, 27b Communication cable 101 Diesel engine 103 Fuel oil set ring tank 104 Fuel oil service tank 105 Diesel oil tank 106 Switching valve 107 Propulsor 108 Transfer pipes 108a, 108b Branch pipe 109 Oil feed pump 110 Heater 111 Oil purifier 112 High sulfur fuel oil tank 113 Low sulfur fuel oil tank 114 High sulfur fuel oil selection valve 115 Low sulfur fuel oil selection valve 116 Fuel transfer valve 117 Discharge pipe 118 Discharge valve 119 Return pipe 119a, 119b Branch pipe 120 Return valve 121 High sulfur fuel Oil return valve 122 Low sulfur fuel oil return valve 125 Exhaust gas pipe

Claims (1)

通常燃料油を貯蔵する通常燃料油タンクと、
当該通常燃料油タンクとは独立に設けられる入手時の生産コスト、流通コストで決定される安定供給可能な硫黄分０．１％以下の低硫黄燃料油を貯造する低硫黄燃料油タンクと、
これらの両タンクからの燃料油を所定の比率で混合する燃料混合弁と、
（１）排ガス管に設けられたＳＯ2／Ｃｏ2センサーと、（２）混合された燃料油が流れる移送管に設けられた液中硫黄分センサーと、（３）通常燃料油タンク及び低硫黄燃料油タンクにそれぞれ接続される枝管に設けられる２つの液中硫黄分センサーとを有し、上記（２）及び／又は（３）又はこれらと（１）との組み合わせから求められ、これらの選択に対応した、排ガス中のＳＯｘ値、混合燃料の含有硫黄成分の測定値、高硫黄燃料油及び低硫黄燃料油の各燃料油の含有硫黄成分の測定値の少なくとも１つと、船舶が航行する海図情報と連動し、特定海域を航行する場合の混合燃料油の硫黄分比率が０．１％以下に調整する演算器と、からなることを特徴とするＳＯｘ規制対応船。 A normal fuel oil tank for storing normal fuel oil,
A low-sulfur fuel oil tank, which is provided independently of the normal fuel oil tank, stores low-sulfur fuel oil having a sulfur content of 0.1% or less, which can be stably supplied, determined by the production cost at the time of acquisition and distribution cost ,
A fuel mixing valve that mixes fuel oil from both of these tanks at a predetermined ratio,
(1) SO 2 /Co 2 sensor provided in the exhaust gas pipe, (2) liquid sulfur sensor provided in a transfer pipe through which mixed fuel oil flows, (3) normal fuel oil tank and low sulfur It has two liquid sulfur content sensors provided in the branch pipes respectively connected to the fuel oil tank, and is obtained from the above (2) and/or (3) or a combination of these and (1), and these At least one of the SOx value in the exhaust gas, the measurement value of the sulfur content in the mixed fuel, the measurement value of the sulfur content in each fuel oil of high-sulfur fuel oil and low-sulfur fuel oil , and the ship sailing , corresponding to the selection A SOx regulation-compliant ship, comprising: a calculator that adjusts the sulfur content ratio of the mixed fuel oil to 0.1% or less when navigating in a specific sea area in conjunction with the chart information.
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