JP6722663B2 - マクロファージおよび他のマンノース結合c型レクチン受容体高発現細胞を標的化するための化合物および組成物、ならびにそれらを使用して治療するおよび診断する方法 - Google Patents
マクロファージおよび他のマンノース結合c型レクチン受容体高発現細胞を標的化するための化合物および組成物、ならびにそれらを使用して治療するおよび診断する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003354 tissue distribution assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000009174 transverse myelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PXSOHRWMIRDKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triaziquone Chemical compound O=C1C(N2CC2)=C(N2CC2)C(=O)C=C1N1CC1 PXSOHRWMIRDKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004560 triaziquone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LZAJKCZTKKKZNT-PMNGPLLRSA-N trichothecene Chemical compound C12([C@@]3(CC[C@H]2OC2C=C(CCC23C)C)C)CO1 LZAJKCZTKKKZNT-PMNGPLLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930013292 trichothecene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N uracil arabinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940045145 uridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003048 vinblastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JXLYSJRDGCGARV-XQKSVPLYSA-N vincaleukoblastine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 JXLYSJRDGCGARV-XQKSVPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-XQKSVPLYSA-N vincristine Chemical compound C([N@]1C[C@@H](C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C=3C(=CC4=C([C@]56[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]7(CC)C=CCN([C@H]67)CC5)(O)C(=O)OC)N4C=O)C=3)OC)C[C@@](C1)(O)CC)CC1=C2NC2=CC=CC=C12 OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-XQKSVPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004528 vincristine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vincristine Natural products C1C(CC)(O)CC(CC2(C(=O)OC)C=3C(=CC4=C(C56C(C(C(OC(C)=O)C7(CC)C=CCN(C67)CC5)(O)C(=O)OC)N4C=O)C=3)OC)CN1CCC1=C2NC2=CC=CC=C12 OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N vindesine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(N)=O)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1N=C1[C]2C=CC=C1 UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004355 vindesine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002555 zidovudine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本出願は、2014年7月17日に出願された同時係属中の米国特許出願第62/025,991号、2014年7月21日に出願された米国特許出願第62/027,193号、2014年7月21日に出願された米国特許出願第62/027,220号、2014年7月22日に出願された米国特許出願第62/027,773号、2015年1月21日に出願された米国特許出願シリアル番号第62/106,194号、2015年6月30日に出願された米国特許出願第62/187,064号、および2015年6月30日に出願された米国特許出願第62/187,132号の優先権を主張するものであり、これらの内容全体は、参照によりここに組み込まれる。
本特許または出願ファイルは、カラーで作成された少なくとも1つの図面を含有する。カラー図面を伴う本特許または特許出願公開の写しは、要求および必要な料金の支払いの際に、事務局により提供される。
ここで使用される場合、有機化合物を含む化合物についての命名は、一般名、命名のための、IUPAC、IUBMBまたはCAS推奨を使用して付与され得る。1以上の立体化学的特徴が存在する場合、立体化学についてのカーン・インゴルド・プレローグ順位則を用いて、立体化学優先順位、E/Z仕様等を指定することができる。当業者は、名称が付与されていれば、命名規則を使用する化合物構造の体系的換算(systemic reduction)によって、またはCHEMDRAW(商標)(Perkin Elmer Corporation、U.S.A.)等の市販のソフトウェアによってのいずれかで、化合物の構造を容易に確認することができる。
本発明は、コンジュゲートされたマンノース結合Cレクチン型受容体標的化部分(例えば、マンノース)を有するポリマー性(例えば、炭水化物)骨格を含む担体構築物を用いて、1以上の活性な薬学的成分を送達する。そのような構築物の例は、マンノシルアミノデキストラン(MAD)を含み、これは、骨格のグルコース残基とコンジュゲートしたマンノース分子を有し、骨格のグルコース残基とコンジュゲートした活性な薬学的成分を有する、デキストラン骨格を含む。チルマノセプトは、MADの具体例である。DTPAがコンジュゲートしていないチルマノセプトであるチルマノセプト誘導体は、MADのさらなる例である。
いくつかの態様において、1以上のマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分および1以上の治療剤(または薬物)および/または検出標識は、リンカーを介してデキストランベース部分と結合している。リンカーは、骨格部分の約50%から約100%、または約70%から約90%で結合していてもよい。リンカーは、同じであっても異なっていてもよい。いくつかの態様において、リンカーは、アミノ末端リンカーである。いくつかの態様において、リンカーは、−O(CH2)3S(CH2)2NH−を含んでいてもよい。いくつかの態様において、リンカーは、炭素、酸素、硫黄、窒素およびリンから選択される1から20個のメンバー原子の鎖であってもよい。リンカーは、直鎖であっても分枝であってもよい。リンカーは、ハロ基、ペルフルオロアルキル基、ペルフルオロアルコキシ基、C1〜4アルキル等のアルキル基、C1〜4アルケニル等のアルケニル基、C1〜4アルキニル等のアルキニル基、ヒドロキシ基、オキソ基、メルカプト基、アルキルチオ基、アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、アジドアルキル基、アリールまたはヘテロアリール基、アリールオキシまたはヘテロアリールオキシ基、アラルキルまたはヘテロアラルキル基、アラルコキシまたはヘテロアラルコキシ基、HO−(C=O)−基、ヘテロサイクリック(heterocylic)基、シクロアルキル基、アミノ基、アルキル−およびジアルキルアミノ基、カルバモイル基、アルキルカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルアミノカルボニル基、ジアルキルアミノカルボニル基、アリールカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、−NH−NH2;=N−H;=N−アルキル;−SH;−S−アルキル;−NH−C(O)−;−NH−C(=N)−等を含むがこれらに限定されない、1以上の置換基で、置換されていてもよい。他の好適なリンカーは、当業者に公知であろう。
−NH−(CH2)r−NH−(ここで、rは、2〜5である)、
−O−(CH2)r−NH−(ここで、rは、2〜5である)、
−NH−CH2−C(O)−、
−O−CH2−CH2−O−CH2−CH2−O−、
−NH−NH−C(O)−CH2−、
−NH−C(CH3)2C(O)−、
−S−(CH2)r−C(O)−(ここで、rは、1〜5である)、
−S−(CH2)r−NH−(ここで、rは、2〜5である)、
−S−(CH2)r−O−(ここで、rは、1〜5である)、
−S−(CH2)−CH(NH2)−C(O)−、
−S−(CH2)−CH(COOH)−NH−、
−O−CH2−CH(OH)−CH2−S−CH(CO2H)−NH−、
−O−CH2−CH(OH)−CH2−S−CH(NH2)−C(O)−、
−O−CH2−CH(OH)−CH2−S−CH2−CH2−NH−、
−S−CH2−C(O)−NH−CH2−CH2−NH−、および
−NH−O−C(O)−CH2−CH2−O−P(O2H)−
を含む。
各Xは、独立して、H、L1 −AまたはL2−Rであり、
各L1およびL2は、独立して、リンカーであり、
各Aは、独立して、治療剤または検出標識またはHを含み、
各Rは、独立して、マンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分またはHを含み、
nは、ゼロより大きい整数であり、
ここで、少なくとも1つのRはマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分を含み、少なくとも1つのAは治療剤を含む]
である。
本発明の化合物は、文献において公知である、実験の項で例示されている、または当業者に明らかである、他の標準的な操作に加えて、開示されているスキームに示されている通りの反応を用いることによって、調製することができる。下記の例は、本発明がより完全に理解されるように提供されるものであり、例証的なものにすぎず、限定として解釈されるべきではない。明確にするために、ここで開示されている定義下で複数の置換基が可能な場合、より少ない置換基を有する例を示すことができる。
あるいは、本発明による化合物は、スキーム2に従って合成されてもよい。チルマノセプトの遊離第一級アミン基を、過剰のラクトンと、無水条件下で反応させることができる。未反応のラクトンを減圧下で除去して、改変チルマノセプト6を取得することができる。対応するヒドラジン誘導体7は、シアノ水素化ホウ素ナトリウムまたはトリアセトキシ水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを還元剤として使用する還元的アミノ化反応によって、調製することができる。
オキソ含有治療剤の、チルマノセプト誘導体4または7とのコンジュゲーションは、スキーム3に示されている通りであってよい。チルマノセプト誘導体4または7は、無水酸性条件または水性酸性条件下でのヒドラゾン結合の形成によって、ドキソルビシンとコンジュゲートさせることができる。コンジュゲートしていない治療剤を除去して(例えば、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィーまたは透析によって)、純粋なコンジュゲートチルマノセプトを取得することができる。
アミン含有治療剤を、スキーム4に従って、チルマノセプト等のデキストラン含有化合物とコンジュゲートさせてもよい。第一級アミンとラクトンとの間の塩基性反応を、スキーム4に示す。
当業者であれば、本発明の化合物を合成するための他の手法を認識するであろう。
一側面において、本発明は、開示されている化合物と、開示されている方法の生成物とを含む、医薬組成物に関する。すなわち、有効量の少なくとも1つの開示されている化合物、開示されている方法の少なくとも1つの生成物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくは多形体と、薬学的に許容される担体とを含む、医薬組成物が提供され得る。一側面において、本発明は、薬学的に許容される担体と、有効量の、少なくとも1つの開示されている化合物;または薬学的に許容されるその塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくは多形体とを含む、医薬組成物に関する。
診断方法は、開示されている化合物を使用する、疾患または状態のインビボ検出について開示されている。
開示されている化合物は、光学イメージングに有用である、検出可能な標識を含むことができる。若干数のアプローチを光学イメージングに使用することができる。種々の方法は、造影剤の供給源として、蛍光、バイオルミネッセンス、吸収または反射に依存している。フルオロフォアは、特異的な波長のエネルギーを吸収し、異なる(しかし同じく特異的な)波長でエネルギーを再放出する、化合物または部分である。ある特定の態様において、検出可能な標識は、近赤外(NIR)フルオロフォアである。好適なNIRフルオロフォアは、VivoTag−S(登録商標)680および750、Kodak X−SIGHT DyesおよびConjugates、DyLight 750および800 Fluors、Cy 5.5および7 Fluors、Alexa Fluor 680および750 Dyes、ならびにIRDye 680および800CW Fluorsを含むがこれらに限定されない。ある特定の態様において、光安定性および明るい発光を持つ量子ドットを、光学イメージングで使用することもできる。
開示されている化合物は、核医学イメージングに有用な検出可能な標識(例えば、放射性核種)を含むことができる。核医学イメージングは、体内における放射性同位体の使用および検出を伴う。核医学イメージング技術は、シンチグラフィー、単光子放出コンピュータ断層撮影(SPECT)および陽電子放出断層撮影(PET)を含む。これらの技術において、放射性同位体からの放射線を、ガンマカメラによって捕捉して、二次元画像(シンチグラフィー)または三次元画像(SPECTおよびPET)を形成することができる。
開示されている化合物は、磁気共鳴イメージングを介して検出することができる。MRIは、非常に高い空間分解能を有するという利点を有し、形態学イメージングおよび機能的イメージングが非常に得意である。MRIは、概して、10-3mol/Lから10-5mol/L前後の感受性を有する。MR感受性を増大させるための改善は、磁界強度、光学的ポンピングまたは動的核分極を増大させることによる過分極を含む。感受性を増大させる化学交換に基づく多様なシグナル増幅スキームもある。
いくつかの態様において、キレート剤を、開示されている化合物に結合するかまたは組み込んでもよく、放射性核種等の治療または診断剤をキレート化するために使用してもよい。例示的なキレート剤は、DTPA(Mx−DTPA等)、DOTA、TETA、NETAまたはNOTAを含むがこれらに限定されない。
転移し、したがって、体の別の器官または組織に広がったもの等のがん細胞を、インビボイメージングデバイスを使用して検出するために、開示されている化合物を分子イメージングと組み合わせて使用することができる。したがって、開示されている化合物を含有する医薬組成物を対象に投与すること、および、次いで、イメージングデバイスを使用して、開示されている化合物の生体内分布を検出することを伴う、対象においてがん細胞を検出するための非侵襲的方法が提供される。いくつかの態様において、医薬組成物は、実質に注射される。他の態様において、医薬組成物は、循環中に注射される。
開示されている方法は、イメージング、測定、検出、比較、分析、アッセイ、スクリーニング等に基づく、対象、疾患、状態、状況等の、決定、同定、指示、相関関係、診断、予後等(集合的に「同定」と称することができるもの)を含む。例えば、開示されているイメージング方法は、がん細胞、転移がん細胞、腫瘍境界を越えたがん細胞等を有する、患者、器官、組織等の同定を可能にする。そのような同定は、多くの理由で有用である。例えば、特に、そのような同定は、行われる特定の同定に基づき、またはそれらに関係して、具体的な行動をとらせる。例えば、特定の対象における特定の疾患または状態の診断(および他の対象におけるその疾患または状態の診断の欠如)は、診断に基づき、治療、行動、挙動等から利益を得るであろう対象を同定するという非常に有用な効果を有する。例えば、同定された対象における特定の疾患または状態の治療は、そのような同定を行わない(または同定に関係のない)すべての対象の治療とは著しく異なる。治療を必要としているまたは治療により利益を得ることができる対象は治療を受けるであろうし、治療を必要としていないまたは治療により利益を得ないであろう対象は治療を受けないであろう。
開示されている化合物を使用して、疾患または障害を治療するまたは予防する方法が提供される。開示されている化合物は、マンノース結合C型レクチン受容体高発現細胞を標的化するために使用することができる。開示されている化合物は、細胞内病原体(結核菌(M tuberculosis)、野兎病菌(F. tularensis)、腸チフス菌(S. typhi))の治療のためのマクロファージの標的化に使用することができる。開示されている化合物を使用して、例えば、がんを治療するために使用される腫瘍関連マクロファージを標的化することができる。
開示されている化合物は、任意の好適な方法によって投与することができる。開示されている化合物は、開示されている化合物が標的組織(例えば、ここにがん細胞が位置づけられていてもよい)に到達するように、実質中または循環中に非経口的に投与することができる。開示されている化合物は、腫瘍塊中に直接的にまたはそれに隣接して投与することができる。開示されている化合物は、静脈内に投与することができる。さらに他の態様において、開示されている化合物は、腹腔内に、筋肉内に、皮下に、洞内または経皮的に投与することができる。
例1
ヒトマクロファージとのチルマノセプト−Cy3結合
リンパ球またはマクロファージからなる、ある分量のPBMCを、5日間培養して、血中単球をマクロファージ(ヒト単球由来のマクロファージまたは「MDM」)に分化させ、次いで、非標識(コールド)チルマノセプトを用いてまたは用いずに前処置した。次に、細胞を、種々の濃度(1.25、2.5、5.0、10および20μg/mL)のCy3標識チルマノセプト(Cy3−チルマノセプト)とともにインキュベートした。PBMC細胞集団とのチルマノセプト結合を、マクロファージおよびリンパ球について別個にゲーティングすることによるフローサイトメトリーによって分析した。得られたデータは、チルマノセプトが、図1Aに示されている通り、用量依存様式でマクロファージ集団と特異的に結合していることを示していた。図1Aは、PBMCの蛍光活性化細胞分類(「FACS」)分析を、マクロファージおよびリンパ球に焦点を合わせて示している。コールドチルマノセプト(100倍過剰)で前処置したマクロファージについて、Cy3−チルマノセプトの結合は、図1Bに示されている通り、最高濃度であってもほぼ解除されていた(非標識チルマノセプトの存在下でのマクロファージとのチルマノセプト−Cy3結合の阻害を示すFACS分析**P<0.005)。
ヒトマクロファージにおけるチルマノセプトのCD206マンノース受容体との共局在化
MDM単層を、Cy3−チルマノセプトとともに10分間にわたってインキュベートし、パラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、抗MR一次抗体とともにインキュベートし、Alexa Fluor 488コンジュゲート二次抗体で染色した。次いで、単層を共焦点顕微鏡によって分析した。図2は、CD206MRの発現を示す代表的な共焦点画像(倍率:160倍)(図2A)、マクロファージによるチルマノセプト結合(図2B)、および共焦点と位相コントラスト画像の両方におけるMRとチルマノセプトとの間の共局在化(図2Cおよび2D)を例証するものである。示されている結果は、3つの独立した実験の代表である。
チルマノセプトの、結核に感染させたマクロファージとの結合。
関節リウマチを持つ対象の滑液におけるチルマノセプトの局在化。
Cy3−チルマノセプトを使用する、マウスの軟骨の抗体誘発性関節炎におけるマクロファージのイメージング
関節炎を、マウスにおいて、5モノクローナル抗体抗軟骨カクテルの注射、続いて、3日後の大腸菌(E. coli)リポ多糖の注射によって、誘発させた。マウスは、7〜11日で、足、手関節、足根、肘および膝において、関節炎の証拠となる、様々な程度の関節の腫脹および発赤を発病した。7または8日目にマウスをインビボでイメージングし、9または11日目にマウスを安楽死させた。安楽死後、四肢を切断し、皮膚を除去し、試料を再イメージングし(落射蛍光イメージング)、放射線写真を撮り(Faxitron MX20)、次いで、脱灰し、包埋し、H&Eで染色した。
コンジュゲートしたチルマノセプト−リンカーの合成
DOXの、改変チルマノセプトとのコンジュゲーション
イソニアジドの、改変チルマノセプトとのコンジュゲーション
イソニアジド単独と比較したチルマノセプト−イソニアジドの、ヒトマクロファージにおける結核菌(M.tb)に対する抗菌活性
12日齢のヒト単球由来のマクロファージ(MDM)を、ルシフェラーゼ発現結核菌(M. tuberculosis)H37Rv株(M.tb−Lux)に、1:2のMOIで2時間にわたって感染させて、MDMによる細菌取り込みを可能にした。細胞外細菌を洗い流した後、感染した単層を、異なる濃度のINHまたはTil−INH(2.0μΜから0.0156μΜ、薬物等価)とともに、低血清含有培地中、最大72時間にわたってインキュベートした。異なる時点(24、48および72時間)において、単層を溶解し、細胞内生菌の数に対応するRLUにおけるルミネッセンスについて読み取った。
カポジ肉腫病変細胞はCD206を発現させる
カポジ肉腫(KS)は、少なくとも下記の理由で、デキストラン−CD206標的化担体技術を評価するための有用なモデル腫瘍系となり得る:
・ KS腫瘍細胞および腫瘍関連マクロファージ(TAM)は、CD206を発現させる;
・ KSは、皮膚、節および内臓部位に関係し、デキストラン−CD206標的化担体の使用は、全身腫瘍組織量の評価を初めて可能にするであろう;
・ KS皮膚腫瘍は、組織アクセシビリティおよび治療応答の迅速な評価をインビトロおよびインビボで可能にする;
・ KSは、12〜30%の抗レトロウイルス療法(ART)耐性を持つ最も一般的なHIV関連腫瘍であり;HIV陰性KSは稀なART耐性である;
・ ドキシル(リポソーマルドキソルビシン)は、KSに対して約50%しか臨床的に有効でない。作用機序は公知でなく;リポソームは、KS細胞および周囲の細胞(マクロファージ)によって薬物を破壊することができるリソソームに貪食される;ならびに
・ Cy3およびドキソルビシンをコンジュゲートしたチルマノセプト構築物は、a)定量的全身腫瘍組織量評価;ならびにb)取り込みの定量的組織評価ならびにc)インビトロおよびインビボでの療法に対する腫瘍応答の評価を可能にする。
カポジ肉腫細胞はCD206を発現させる
CD206/HHV8 IF染色およびアフリカKS組織の共焦点画像は、アフリカで処理された、KSを持つアフリカ人患者由来である、組織におけるHHV8潜伏抗原およびCD206の共発現を示した。CD68+組織マクロファージは、アフリカKS組織においてCD206抗原とも関連していた。画像の例については、図10を参照されたい。
カポジ肉腫細胞およびチルマノセプト
新たなKS生検組織培養からの免疫蛍光染色および共焦点顕微鏡は、(1)CD206+マクロファージと共局在化したチルマノセプト取り込み;(2)HHV8+KS腫瘍細胞によるチルマノセプト取り込み;および(3)CD68+組織マクロファージに関連するチルマノセプト取り込みを示した。図11を参照されたい。
カポジ肉腫細胞
チルマノセプトとコンジュゲートしたドキソルビシン(チルマノセプト−dox)は、実質的に例7で記述されている通りに調製した。
チルマノセプト−Cy3−Doxは、CD206結合マクロファージの約85%を死滅させ、約24時間後にCD206結合マクロファージの約15%を死滅させたチルマノセプト−Cy3とは対照的である(図16を参照)。図18は、KS細胞へのチルマノセプト−Cy3およびチルマノセプト−Cy3−Doxの取り込みを示す。
CD209はリンパ節組織微小環境においてチルマノセプトの結合に寄与する
免疫化学手順:
スライドガラス上のホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋(FFPE)リンパ節組織切片は、オハイオ州立大学外科部門によるフェーズ3臨床試験の準備を介して提供された[ClinicalTrials.gov登録番号NCT00911326]。組織切片を最初にキシレンで脱パラフィンし、続いて、段階的アルコール(100%、95%)で再水和させた。熱誘発エピトープ賦活化手順は、組織スライドを、クエン酸緩衝液(pH6.0)中、95℃で10分間にわたって加熱することによって行った(31)。各組織切片をPBS緩衝液で再水和させ、室温で3時間にわたってブロックし(PBS中5%脱脂粉乳+0.01%アジ化ナトリウム)、次いで、特異的一次抗体とともに、メーカー推奨の希釈液を使用し、加湿チャンバー内、4℃で終夜インキュベートした。PBSで広範囲にわたる洗浄の後、切片を、AF488をコンジュゲートした抗マウスおよびAF549をコンジュゲートした抗ウサギ二次抗体(二重染色法)により1時間にわたって室温で対比染色した。切片を再度広範囲にわたって洗浄し、核DNA染色DAPIにより10分間にわたって室温で染色した。室温で洗浄し乾燥させた後、スライドをFlow View 1000レーザー走査型共焦点顕微鏡(Olympus)によって調査した。共焦点画像の無作為に選択された群のMFIを、ピクセル強度測定(NIH Image J program)を使用して定量化した。
[1]
1以上のCD206標的化部分を有するデキストラン骨格と、それに結合している1以上の治療剤とを含む、化合物。
[2]
前記化合物が、式(II)の化合物:
各Xは、独立して、H、L 1 −AまたはL 2 −Rであり、
各L 1 およびL 2 は、独立して、リンカーであり、
各Aは、独立して、治療剤または検出標識またはHを含み、
各Rは、独立して、CD206標的化部分またはHを含み、
nは、ゼロより大きい整数であり、
少なくとも1つのRはCD206標的化部分を含み、少なくとも1つのAは治療剤を含む]
である、[1]に記載の化合物。
[3]
1以上のマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分を有するデキストラン骨格と、それに結合している1以上の治療剤とを含む、化合物。
[4]
前記化合物が、式(II)の化合物:
各Xは、独立して、H、L 1 −AまたはL 2 −Rであり、
各L 1 およびL 2 は、独立して、リンカーであり、
各Aは、独立して、治療剤または検出標識またはHを含み、
各Rは、独立して、マンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分またはHを含み、
nは、ゼロより大きい整数であり、
少なくとも1つのRはマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分を含み、少なくとも1つのAは治療剤を含む]
である、[3]に記載の化合物。
[5]
少なくとも1つのRが、マンノース、フコースおよびn−アセチルグルコサミンからなる群から選択される、[1]から[4]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[6]
少なくとも1つのAが、化学治療剤、抗生物質、免疫学的アジュバント、ステロイド、ヌクレオチド、抗原、ペプチド、タンパク質、マイクロRNA、siRNAおよび抗ウイルス薬からなる群から選択される、[1]から[5]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[7]
少なくとも1つのAが、ドキソルビシンからなる群から選択される、[1]から[6]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[8]
少なくとも1つのAが、金属である、[1]から[7]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[9]
少なくとも1つのAが、ガドリニウム、ガリウム、銀および銀抗生物質からなる群から選択される、[1]から[8]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[10]
少なくとも1つのL 1 が、O、SおよびNからなる群から選択される最大3個のヘテロ原子によって任意に中断されていてもよいC 2〜12 炭化水素鎖である、[1]から[9]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[11]
少なくとも1つのL 1 が、−(CH 2 ) p S(CH 2 ) q NH−を含み、pおよびqは0から5の整数である、[1]から[10]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[12]
少なくとも1つのL 2 が、O、SおよびNからなる群から選択される最大3個のヘテロ原子によって任意に中断されていてもよいC 2〜12 炭化水素鎖である、[1]から[11]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[13]
少なくとも1つのL 2 が、−(CH 2 ) p S(CH 2 ) q NH−を含み、pおよびqは独立して0から5の整数である、[1]から[12]の何れか一項に記載の化合物。
[14]
疾患を診断するおよび治療する方法であって、必要とする対象に、有効量の[1]から[13]の何れか一項に記載の化合物を投与すること、および前記対象の所定の位置において前記検出標識を検出することを含み、前記疾患が、AIDS、HIV感染およびリーシュマニア症から選択される、方法。
[15]
疾患を治療する方法であって、必要とする対象に、有効量の[1]から[13]の何れか一項に記載の化合物を投与することを含み、前記疾患が、AIDS、HIV感染およびリーシュマニア症から選択される、方法。
[16]
疾患を治療する方法であって、必要とする対象に、有効量の[1]から[13]の何れか一項に記載の化合物を投与することを含み、前記疾患が、自己免疫疾患、炎症性疾患またはがんである、方法。
[17]
腫瘍関連マクロファージを標的化する方法であって、必要とする対象に、有効量の[1]から[13]の何れか一項に記載の化合物を投与することを含む、方法。
[18]
前記化合物が、少なくとも1つの治療剤および少なくとも1つの検出標識を含有する、[14]から[17]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[19]
リンカーが、前記1以上のCD206標的化部分、1以上のマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分、1以上の治療剤および/または前記1以上の検出標識を結合させるために使用される、[14]から[18]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[20]
少なくとも1つのL 1 が、分解可能なリンカーを含む、[14]から[19]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[21]
少なくとも1つのL 1 が、加水分解性リンカーを含む、[14]から[20]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[22]
少なくとも1つのL 1 が、酸感受性リンカーを含む、[14]から[21]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[23]
前記疾患が、関節リウマチである、[16]および[18]から[22]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[24]
前記疾患が、がんである、[16]および[18]から[22]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[25]
前記がんが、肉腫、リンパ腫、白血病、癌腫、芽細胞腫、黒色腫または胚細胞腫瘍である、[24]に記載の方法。
[26]
前記がんが、カポジ肉腫である、[25]に記載の方法。
[27]
少なくとも1つのAが検出標識であり、前記検出標識がフルオロフォアである、[14]から[26]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
[28]
少なくとも1つのL 1 −Aが、キレート剤を含む、[14]から[27]の何れか一項に記載の方法。
本発明を詳細にその特定の態様を参照して記述してきたが、本発明の趣旨および範囲を逸脱することなく、種々の変更および修正が為され得ることが、当業者には明らかであろう。
Claims (17)
- カポジ肉腫を治療する方法における使用のための医薬組成物であって、
前記方法は、必要とする対象に有効量の前記医薬組成物を投与することを含み、
前記医薬組成物が、式(II)の化合物:
各Xは、独立して、H、L1 −AまたはL2−Rであり、
各L1およびL2は、独立して、リンカーであり、
各Aは、独立して、治療剤または検出標識またはHを含み、
各Rは、独立して、CD206標的化部分またはHを含み、
nは、ゼロより大きい整数であり、
少なくとも1つのRはCD206標的化部分を含み、少なくとも1つのAは治療剤を含む]
を含む、
医薬組成物。 - カポジ肉腫を治療する方法における使用のための医薬組成物であって、
前記方法は、必要とする対象に有効量の前記医薬組成物を投与することを含み、
前記医薬組成物が、式(II)の化合物:
各Xは、独立して、H、L1 −AまたはL2−Rであり、
各L1およびL2は、独立して、リンカーであり、
各Aは、独立して、治療剤または検出標識またはHを含み、
各Rは、独立して、マンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分またはHを含み、
nは、ゼロより大きい整数であり、
少なくとも1つのRはマンノース結合C型レクチン受容体標的化部分を含み、少なくとも1つのAは治療剤を含む]
を含む、
医薬組成物。 - 少なくとも1つのRが、マンノース、フコースおよびn−アセチルグルコサミンからなる群から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのAが、化学治療剤、抗生物質、免疫学的アジュバント、ステロイド、ヌクレオチド、抗原、ペプチド、タンパク質、マイクロRNA、siRNAおよび抗ウイルス薬からなる群から選択される、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのAが、ドキソルビシンからなる群から選択される、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのAが、金属である、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのAが、ガドリニウム、ガリウム、銀および銀抗生物質からなる群から選択される、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1が、O、SおよびNからなる群から選択される最大3個のヘテロ原子によって任意に中断されていてもよいC2〜12炭化水素鎖である、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1が、−(CH2)pS(CH2)qNH−を含み、pおよびqは0から5の整数である、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL2が、O、SおよびNからなる群から選択される最大3個のヘテロ原子によって任意に中断されていてもよいC2〜12炭化水素鎖である、請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL2が、−(CH2)pS(CH2)qNH−を含み、pおよびqは独立して0から5の整数である、請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記方法は、カポジ肉腫を診断することをさらに含み、少なくとも1つのAが検出標識であり、前記方法は前記対象の所定の位置において前記検出標識を検出することを含む、請求項1から11の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1が、分解可能なリンカーを含む、請求項1から12の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1が、加水分解性リンカーを含む、請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1が、酸感受性リンカーを含む、請求項1から14の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのAが検出標識であり、前記検出標識がフルオロフォアである、請求項1から15の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのL1−Aが、キレート剤を含む、請求項1から16の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
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