JP6715125B2 - Heat exchanger, fusion reactor and neutral particle injection heating device - Google Patents

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a heat exchanger, a nuclear fusion reactor, and a structure for mounting a heat transfer promotion tube in a neutral particle injection heating device.

For removing heat from high heat load equipment used as cooling tubes for heat exchangers used in refrigerators, air conditioners and general cooling equipment, or as heat receiving equipment for heat receiving equipment of fusion reactors and peripheral equipment and heat exchangers As the cooling pipe, a heat transfer promotion pipe having a heat receiving plate of a predetermined shape formed on its surface is used.

Conventionally, the heat transfer promotion tubes 1 constituting these heat exchangers 10 are attached to the inner surface or outer surface of the heat receiving plate 2 or both inner and outer surfaces thereof with the metallurgical joint 3 in order to improve heat removal performance as shown in FIG. The
A slit 6 is formed on the surface to absorb thermal deformation.

Since a high heat load is applied to the heat receiving plate 2, thermal expansion and contraction are repeatedly performed, so that a defect 5 due to metal fatigue occurs in the heat receiving plate 2. The heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2 are metallurgically bonded by a metallurgical bonding portion 3. For this reason, when the defect 5 progresses, it may reach the heat transfer promotion pipe 1 via the metallurgical joint portion 3 and cause cracking, which may lead to leakage of substances inside the pipe such as cooling water.

The metallurgical joint 3 has good heat conduction, but at the same time, it transmits the defect 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 to the heat transfer promotion tube 1. The larger the joint area between the heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2, the more the heat removal is promoted, but on the contrary, the possibility that the defect 3 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 will propagate to the heat transfer promotion tube 1 increases. It will be.

JP-A-5-141890 JP, 2011-140037, A

The heat transfer promotion tube, which is a cooling tube for heat removal in the heat exchanger, is attached by metallurgical bonding to the inner surface or outer surface or both inner and outer surfaces of the heat receiving plate in order to enhance heat removal performance.
As a result of repeated thermal expansion and contraction of the heat receiving plate, defects such as cracks may occur in the heat receiving plate due to metal fatigue, and the defects may propagate to the heat transfer promoting pipe through the metallurgical joint.

This defect may cause the substance inside the heat transfer promotion tube to leak to the outside,
As the number of times of use and operation increased, the soundness and reliability of the heat transfer promotion tube and the heat receiving plate might deteriorate.

The heat exchanger according to the present embodiment is a heat exchanger in which heat transfer promotion tubes are installed on the inner surface, outer surface, or both inner and outer surfaces of a heat receiving plate with a slit structure via metallurgical joints, wherein the heat transfer promotion tube and the heat receiving plate are provided. Between the heat receiving plate and the heat transfer promoting pipe, a non-bonding region is formed by inserting an intermediate material different from that of the heat transfer promoting pipe, and the slit insertion position of the heat receiving plate with the slit structure is matched with the non-bonding region. It is characterized by

Further, the fusion reactor according to the present embodiment comprises a vacuum container, a diverter arranged in the vacuum container, and a heat receiving plate with a slit structure which is a target portion of plasma provided in the diverter, A heat transfer promotion tube is arranged in the vicinity of the target part, the heat transfer promotion tube is joined to the heat receiving plate with the slit structure via a metallurgical joining part, and a heat exchanger comprising the heat transfer promoting tube and the heat receiving plate is provided. It is characterized by being the above heat exchanger.

Furthermore, the neutral particle injection heating apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an ion source for extracting ions, a beam dump for collecting ions that have escaped neutralization, and an ion source exhaust system installed in the ion source. A beam dump exhaust system installed in the beam dump, wherein the beam dump is provided with a heat transfer promoting tube, and the heat exchanger including the heat transfer promoting tube and the beam dump is the heat exchanger. It is characterized by

In the embodiment of the present invention, by improving the shape and attachment method at the joint between the heat transfer promotion tube and the heat receiving plate, the minute heat generated at the joint while ensuring the heat removal performance of the heat receiving plate and the heat transfer promoting tube. It is possible to prevent the progress of various defects and defects due to defective bonding.

It is a heat exchanger which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a principal part sectional perspective view, (b) is an AA arrow sectional view of (a). The principal part sectional drawing of the heat exchanger which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the heat exchanger which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the heat exchanger which shows 4th Embodiment of this invention. The principal part sectional drawing of the heat exchanger which shows 5th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the heat exchanger which shows the other Example of 5th Embodiment of this invention. The principal part sectional perspective view of the heat exchanger which shows 6th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the nuclear fusion reactor as a heat exchanger which shows 7th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a diverter of the nuclear fusion reactor shown in FIG. 8. Explanatory drawing which shows the neutral particle injection heating device as a heat exchanger concerning other embodiment of this invention. The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the prior art example of a heat exchanger.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same components as those in FIG. 11 are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

(First embodiment)
The first embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 is a heat exchanger showing a first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional perspective view of a main part, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of (a).

In FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 20 includes a heat receiving plate 2 in which a slit 6 is inserted in a mounting normal direction to the heat transfer promoting tube 1 and a heat transfer promoting tube 1 attached thereto by a metallurgical joint 3. It is configured. A non-bonding region 4 is formed between the heat receiving plate 2 and the heat transfer promotion tube 1, for example, in the metallurgical bonding portion 3.

In such a structure, as shown in FIG. 1B, when a defect 5 is generated from the slit portion 6 of the heat receiving plate 2 due to metal fatigue, the defect 5 is propagated thereafter, but in the non-bonding region 4. Defect 5 stops growing.

Therefore, by providing the non-bonding region 4 in the metallurgical bonding portion 3, since the expected location of the defect 3 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 and the edge of the heat transfer promotion tube 1 are cut, the defect generated in the heat receiving plate 2 5 can be prevented from progressing to the heat transfer promotion tube 1.

(Second embodiment)
The second embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. Note that FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of a heat exchanger showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the heat transfer promotion tube 1 constituting the heat exchanger 21 is provided with a groove 7 having a depth not exceeding the pipe wall thickness in the circumferential direction. The groove 7 formed in the heat transfer promotion tube 1 becomes the non-bonding region 4 with the heat receiving plate 2.

In such a configuration, when a defect 5 is generated from the slit portion 6 of the heat receiving plate 2 due to metal fatigue, the defect 5 progresses thereafter, but the defect 5 progresses due to the groove 7 which is the non-bonding region 4. Stop.

Therefore, by providing the groove 7 which is the non-bonding region 4 in the metallurgical bonding portion 3, the assumed propagation point of the defect 3 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 and the edge of the heat transfer promotion tube 1 are cut off, so that the heat receiving plate 2 Defect 5
Can be prevented from progressing to the heat transfer promotion tube 1.

Although FIG. 2 shows an example in which the groove 7 is provided on the heat transfer promotion tube 1 side, it may be provided on the heat receiving plate 2 side.

(Third Embodiment)
The third embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. It should be noted that FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of a heat exchanger showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, the heat receiving plate 2 constituting the heat exchanger 22 is divided into a plurality of divided heat receiving plate blocks 12
Then, the mounting intervals between the heat receiving plate blocks 12 are set to the same gaps 11 as the conventional slits 6, and the entire contact surface with the heat transfer promotion tube 1 is used as the metallurgical joint 3. The attachment intervals are not necessarily equal intervals.

Since the mounting interval between the adjacent heat receiving plate blocks 12 is the non-bonding region 4,
The metallurgical joint 3 between the heat receiving plate 2 and the heat transfer promoting tube 1 does not exist at the destination of the defect 5. Further, when metallurgically joining the heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2, it is possible to work without considering the non-bonding region 4, and each heat receiving plate block 12 of the heat receiving plate 2 promotes heat transfer over the entire surface. It can be joined to the tube 1.

Therefore, by providing the non-bonding region 4, the heat transfer promoting tube of the defect 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 is cut off because the expected transfer position of the defect 3 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 and the edge of the heat transfer promoting tube 1 are cut. It is possible to prevent progress to 1. Further, the non-bonding region 4 can be provided with simple workability.

(Fourth Embodiment)
The fourth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. Note that FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the essential parts of a heat exchanger showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 4, the heat exchanger 23 has a heat receiving plate 2 having a slit 6 and a heat transfer promoting tube 1, and an intermediate member 8 different from the heat receiving plate 2 and the heat transfer promoting tube 1 on the joint surface between them. The non-bonding region 4 is formed by inserting. In the portion where the intermediate member 8 is not inserted, the heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2 are joined by the metallurgical joining portion 3.

With such a configuration, the non-bonding region 4 can be provided as the intermediate member 8 without changing the shapes of the heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2 by the intermediate member 8. Due to the non-bonding region 4, the assumed location of the defect 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 and the edge of the heat transfer promotion pipe 1 are cut, so that the defect 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 progresses to the heat transfer promotion pipe 1. Can be prevented.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of machining when manufacturing the heat transfer promotion tube 1 and the heat receiving plate 2 while ensuring the non-bonding region 4.

(Fifth Embodiment)
The fifth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an essential part of a heat exchanger showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the same parts as those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the configuration will be omitted.

In FIG. 5, the heat exchanger 25 is configured such that the position of the slit 6 of the heat receiving plate 2 described in FIG. 2 and the position of the non-bonding region 4 formed of the groove 7 of the heat transfer promotion tube 1 are matched. ..

With such a configuration, it is assumed that the defect 5 is generated from the slit portion 6 and the development of the defect 5 is very near the slit portion 6. The non-bonding region 4 exists only around the slit portion 6 which is assumed to be the location where the defect 5 has progressed.

Therefore, since the expected portion of the defect portion 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 2 and the edge of the heat transfer promotion pipe 1 are cut off, it is possible to prevent the defect 5 generated in the heat receiving plate 1 from developing into the heat transfer promotion pipe 1. it can. Moreover, the heat removal performance of the heat receiving plate 2 and the heat transfer promotion tube 1 can be secured by minimizing the non-bonding region 4.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, as described above in the non-bonding regions 4 and 8 shown in the first and fourth embodiments,
The same action and effect can be obtained by making the positions of the slits 6 of the heat receiving plate 2 and the positions of the non-bonding regions 4 and 8 coincide with each other.

(Sixth Embodiment)
The sixth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of essential parts of a heat exchanger showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the configuration will be omitted.

In FIG. 7, when the heat exchanger 26 is attached to the heat receiving plate 2 joined to the heat transfer tube 1, the heat receiving plate 2 is provided at one position on the surface opposite to the surface where the slits of the heat receiving plate are formed. Alternatively, it has a mounting/fixing portion 9 that is coaxially attached to another device at only two points.

With such a structure, the heat receiving plate 2 is not completely fixed and the repeated thermal expansion and contraction can be freely performed by using only one mounting and fixing portion 9 for attaching the heat receiving plate 2 to other devices. You can

Therefore, thermal stress is relieved, and resistance to metal fatigue due to repeated operation can be improved. Then, the effect of the slit 6 provided for relaxing the thermal stress can be further utilized, and the risk of occurrence of defects at the groove bottom edge portion of the slit portion 6 can be reduced.

(Seventh embodiment)
Further, in the above embodiment, a general cooling device is illustrated as the heat exchanger 10 to which the heat transfer promotion pipe 1 is applied, but the heat exchanger 10 is not limited to this and can be applied to various devices. .. For example, the heat transfer promotion tube 1 of the present invention can be applied to the nuclear fusion equipment and the like shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the fusion reactor 30, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the target portion of the diverter. In the nuclear fusion reactor 30 shown in FIG. 8, the vacuum vessel 31 has a torus shape, and the plasma 32 is confined in the vacuum vessel 31 to cause a fusion reaction. Vacuum container 31
Various in-core devices are arranged inside, and in particular, a diverter 33 is arranged to discharge He and the like generated after the nuclear fusion reaction to the outside of the container 31. High energy He or the like is guided to the diverter 33 by a magnetic field, hits the target 34, and is converted into thermal energy. The heat load of the target 34 as the heat exchange target is as high as 20 MW/m ^2, for example, and the forced cooling system is usually adopted. The target 34 is provided with a cooling pipe 35, and the heat transfer promoting pipe 1 of the present invention can be applied as the cooling pipe 35. That is, heat exchange is performed between the target 34 and the medium flowing in the heat transfer promotion tube 1.

Further, as another embodiment, the heat transfer promotion tube 1 can be applied to a neutral particle incident heating device 40 as shown in FIG. 10, for example. The neutral particle injection heating device 40 is attached to the nuclear fusion device as a plasma additional heating device, and has an ion source 41 for extracting ions, a beam dump 42 for recovering ions that have escaped neutralization, and an ion source 41. An ion source exhaust system 43 installed and a beam dump exhaust system 44 installed in the beam dump 42 are provided.

In this neutral particle injection heating device 40, the high-energy hydrogen ions and the like remaining without being neutralized in the neutralization cell have their trajectories bent by the magnetic field of the deflection electromagnet, and are dumped to the beam dump 42. The heat load is as high as 10 to 20 MW/m ^2, for example, and it is cooled by the forced cooling method as well.

Some of the beam dumps 42 as heat exchange objects have cooling pipes arranged in order, and the heat transfer promotion pipe 1 of the present invention can be applied to these cooling pipes.

Further, the beam dump as the heat exchange target can be applied to a beam dump used for absorbing unnecessary multiply-charged ions of the ion source used in the heavy particle irradiation apparatus.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, changes, and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope of the invention and the scope of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the scope of equivalents thereof.

1... Heat transfer promotion tube
2... Heat receiving plate
3, 13... Metallurgical joint
4... Non-bonding area 5... Defects 6, 11... Slit
7... Groove
8... Intermediate material
9... Mounting and fixing part
10, 20, 21, 22, 22, 23, 25, 26... Heat exchanger 12... Heat receiving plate block 30... Fusion reactor 31... Vacuum container 32... Plasma 33... Diverter 34... Target 35... Cooling tube 40... Neutral particle injection Heating device 41... Ion source 42... Beam dump 43... Ion source exhaust system 44... Beam dump exhaust system

Claims (6)

In the heat exchanger in which the heat transfer promotion tubes are installed on the inner surface of the heat receiving plate with the slit structure, the outer surface or both the inner and outer surfaces via metallurgical joints,
Between the heat transfer promoting pipe and the heat receiving plate, a non-bonding region is formed by inserting an intermediate material different from the heat receiving plate and the heat transfer promoting pipe ,
A heat exchanger characterized in that the slit insertion position of the heat receiving plate with the slit structure and the non-bonding region are made to coincide with each other. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the non-bonding region is provided by forming a groove in the heat transfer promotion pipe having a depth that does not exceed the wall thickness of the pipe. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the non-bonding region is provided by being formed on the heat receiving plate. The heat receiving plate with the slit structure has a fixing portion for attaching to another device only at one location or at two locations on the same axis on the surface opposite to the surface where the slit is formed. Item 5. The heat exchanger according to any one of items 3. A vacuum container,
A diverter disposed in the vacuum container,
A heat receiving plate with a slit structure which is a target portion of plasma provided in the diverter,
Equipped with
A heat transfer promotion tube is arranged near the target portion,
The heat transfer promotion tube is joined to the heat receiving plate with the slit structure via a metallurgical joint,
A nuclear fusion reactor characterized in that the heat exchanger comprising the heat transfer promotion tube and a heat receiving plate is the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4. An ion source that extracts ions,
A beam dump that collects ions that escaped neutralization,
An ion source exhaust system installed in the ion source,
A beam dump exhaust system installed in the beam dump,
The beam dump is provided with a heat transfer promotion tube,
A neutral particle injection heating device, wherein the heat exchanger comprising the heat transfer promotion tube and the beam dump is the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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