JP6713595B2 - Holding device - Google Patents
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- JP6713595B2 JP6713595B2 JP2016009181A JP2016009181A JP6713595B2 JP 6713595 B2 JP6713595 B2 JP 6713595B2 JP 2016009181 A JP2016009181 A JP 2016009181A JP 2016009181 A JP2016009181 A JP 2016009181A JP 6713595 B2 JP6713595 B2 JP 6713595B2
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Description
本発明は、磁力により被保持物を保持する保持装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a holding device that holds an object to be held by magnetic force.
超精密加工などの機械加工をする際には、ワーク（加工対象）の固定が非常に重要である。一般にワークの固定には安価なバイス（万力）が用いられることが多いが、ワークが鉄系あるいは他の磁性体製のものである場合には、磁力吸着によってワークを固定するマグネットチャックを利用することができる。マグネットチャックは、ワークを設置してスイッチを切り替えるだけで誰でも同じ吸着力で基準面に平行に取り付けることが可能であること、バイスでは変形してしまうおそれのある薄い板や小物を取り付けることが可能であることなどの利点を有する。ただし、一般に横滑り方向の力には弱いという欠点がある。 When performing machining such as ultra-precision machining, it is very important to fix the work (processing target). Generally, an inexpensive vise is used to fix the work, but if the work is made of iron or other magnetic material, use a magnetic chuck to fix the work by magnetic attraction. can do. The magnet chuck can be installed parallel to the reference surface with the same attractive force by simply installing a work and switching the switch, and it is possible to attach thin plates and small items that may be deformed with the vise. It has advantages such as being possible. However, it has a drawback that it is generally weak against the force in the sideslip direction.
マグネットチャックには、永久磁石型、電磁石型、それらを組み合わせた永電磁石型がある。特に永久磁石型は、横滑り方向にかかる力が少ない研削加工や放電加工などに使用するのが中心である。電磁石を利用したタイプでは、強い吸着力を実現できるため横滑り方向の力にも強く、また吸着状態と脱離状態を電気的に切り替えることができるため使い勝手も良く、横滑り方向に大きな力が加わる切削加工に対応することができる。しかしながら、電磁石型では当然ながら電源が必要であり、大電流による発熱を抑えるための冷却機構も必要であることから、電気的絶縁や防水処理に細心の注意を払わなければならず、導入コストおよびランニングコストが高くなる。大電流を流し続けなければワークを吸着できないため、環境負荷が大きいことも問題である。 The magnet chuck includes a permanent magnet type, an electromagnet type, and a permanent electromagnet type combining them. In particular, the permanent magnet type is mainly used for grinding or electric discharge machining, which has a small force applied in the sideslip direction. The type that uses an electromagnet is strong against the force in the sideslip direction because it can realize a strong adsorption force, and it is easy to use because it can electrically switch between the adsorption state and the desorption state, and cutting that applies a large force in the sideslip direction. Can be processed. However, since the electromagnet type naturally requires a power source and a cooling mechanism for suppressing heat generation due to a large current, it is necessary to pay close attention to electrical insulation and waterproofing, which leads to introduction cost and Running costs are high. There is also a problem that the environmental load is large because the work cannot be adsorbed unless a large current is continuously applied.
機械加工用のマグネットチャックは、通常、磁性体と非磁性体を交互にストライプ状に組み合わせた構造を有している。従来のマグネットチャックでは、この磁性体と非磁性体のストライプの周期が細かく、内部の磁石の大きさとは無関係であった。１９８０年代には既にマグネットチャックの技術が確立していたが、マグネットチャック製品、とりわけ永久磁石型マグネットチャックの開発は、磁性体と非磁性体の周期がより細かくなる方向で進められてきた。一方、特許文献１には、従来のマグネットチャックの構成において、ストライプの周期を内部の磁石のサイズおよび磁石の間隔と一致させることで、永久磁石型マグネットチャックにおいても強力な保持力とオフ時の切れの良さを両立できる保持装置が記載されている。 A magnetic chuck for machining usually has a structure in which magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances are alternately combined in a stripe shape. In the conventional magnet chuck, the period of the stripes of the magnetic material and the non-magnetic material is small, and is independent of the size of the magnet inside. Although the technology of the magnet chuck was already established in the 1980s, the development of the magnet chuck product, especially the permanent magnet type magnet chuck, has been progressing in the direction that the cycle of the magnetic material and the non-magnetic material becomes finer. On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, in the structure of the conventional magnet chuck, by making the cycle of the stripes coincide with the size of the magnets inside and the gap between the magnets, a strong holding force and a large holding force at the time of turning off even in the permanent magnet type magnet chuck. A holding device capable of achieving both good sharpness is described.
しかしながら、特許文献１の保持装置では、特許文献１にいうY方向の保持力がX方向の保持力に比べて弱い。本願発明は、電磁石に依存せずにオン状態で高い吸着力を発揮でき、且つオフ状態での磁力のキレがよく被保持物の取り外しが容易な、低コストで環境負荷も少なく様々な場面に応用できる被保持物の保持手段であって、多方面からの応力に対して従来品よりもさらに強い保持力を発揮できる手段を提供することを目的とする。 However, in the holding device of Patent Document 1, the holding force in the Y direction described in Patent Document 1 is weaker than the holding force in the X direction. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can exhibit a high attraction force in the ON state without depending on the electromagnet, and the magnetic force in the OFF state is sharp and the object to be held can be easily removed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for holding an object to be held that can be applied and can exhibit a stronger holding force than the conventional product against stress from various directions.
本願発明者らは、鋭意研究の結果、従来の永久磁石型マグネットチャックの構成において、磁性部材を非磁性部材で縦方向及び横方向に区切って複数の磁性部材区画を上部プレート中に設け、かつ、磁極部材の磁極面が常にSとNが隣り合う配列として、２軸方向への移動や回転移動などによる位置変換によって、磁極部材が非磁性部材部分の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して磁極部材のS極面及びN極面が同時に接続するオフ状態と、磁極部材が磁性部材区画の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して１つの磁極部材の磁極面が接続するオン状態に変換される構成とすることにより、多方面からの応力に対する保持力を大幅に向上できることを見出し、本願発明を完成した。 As a result of earnest research, the inventors of the present application, in the configuration of a conventional permanent magnet type magnet chuck, provide a plurality of magnetic member sections in the upper plate by dividing the magnetic member in the vertical and horizontal directions by a non-magnetic member, and , The magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole member is always arranged so that S and N are adjacent to each other, and the magnetic pole member is arranged below the non-magnetic member portion by position conversion by movement in two axial directions or rotational movement, and one magnetic member section is formed. In contrast to the OFF state in which the S pole surface and the N pole surface of the magnetic pole member are simultaneously connected, the magnetic pole member is arranged below the magnetic member section, and the magnetic pole surface of one magnetic pole member is connected to one magnetic member section. The present invention has been completed by discovering that the holding force against stress from various directions can be significantly improved by adopting a configuration in which the ON state is changed to ON.
すなわち、本発明は、少なくとも一部が磁性材料から成る被保持物を磁力により保持する保持装置であって、
第１の磁性体から成る磁性部材及び非磁性体から成る非磁性部材を、磁性部材が非磁性部材によって縦方向及び横方向に分断され、複数の磁性部材区画が縦横に複数列をなして形成され、かつ、非磁性部材が格子状になるように組み合わせて構成された上部プレートと、
第２の磁性体から成る下部プレートと、
磁石又は磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体から成る、複数個の磁極部材と、
前記複数個の磁極部材が固定され、上部プレートと下部プレートとの間に配置された磁極固定プレートと
を具備し、
磁極固定プレートにおいて、前記複数個の磁極部材は、磁極面を上下方向に向けた状態で、同一極の磁極面が互いに隣り合わないようにして互いに間隔をあけて縦横に複数列をなして配置され、
磁極固定プレートと上部プレートとが相対的に位置変換可能であり、当該位置変換により、磁極部材が非磁性部材の格子の交点の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して磁極部材のS極面及びN極面が同時に接続するオフ状態と、磁極部材が磁性部材区画の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して１つの磁極部材の磁極面が接続するオン状態とに変換可能であり、オン状態において磁極部材から発する磁力により被保持物が上部プレート上に保持される、保持装置を提供する。
また、本発明は、少なくとも一部が磁性材料から成る被保持物を磁力により保持する保持装置であって、
第１の磁性体から成る磁性部材及び非磁性体から成る非磁性部材を、磁性部材が非磁性部材によって縦方向及び横方向に分断され、複数の磁性部材区画が縦横に複数列をなして形成されるように組み合わせて構成された上部プレートと、
第２の磁性体から成る下部プレートと、
磁石又は磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体から成る、複数個の磁極部材と、
前記複数個の磁極部材が固定され、上部プレートと下部プレートとの間に配置された磁極固定プレートと
を具備し、
磁極固定プレートにおいて、前記複数個の磁極部材は、磁極面を上下方向に向けた状態で、同一極の磁極面が互いに隣り合わないようにして互いに間隔をあけて縦横に複数列をなして配置され、
磁極固定プレートと上部プレートは、少なくともいずれか一方のプレートの回転移動により相対的に位置変換可能であり、当該位置変換により、磁極部材が非磁性部材部分の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して磁極部材のS極面及びN極面が同時に接続するオフ状態と、磁極部材が磁性部材区画の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して１つの磁極部材の磁極面が接続するオン状態とに変換可能であり、オン状態において磁極部材から発する磁力により被保持物が上部プレート上に保持される、保持装置を提供する。
That is, the present invention is a holding device for holding an object to be held at least partially made of a magnetic material by magnetic force,
A magnetic member made of a first magnetic body and a non-magnetic member made of a non-magnetic body are formed by dividing the magnetic member in the vertical and horizontal directions by the non-magnetic member, and by forming a plurality of magnetic member sections in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions. And an upper plate configured by combining the non-magnetic members to form a lattice ,
A lower plate made of a second magnetic material,
A plurality of magnetic pole members composed of a magnet or a third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet;
A plurality of magnetic pole members are fixed, and a magnetic pole fixing plate disposed between the upper plate and the lower plate,
In the magnetic pole fixing plate, the plurality of magnetic pole members are arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the magnetic pole surfaces of the same pole are not adjacent to each other with the magnetic pole surfaces facing upward and downward. Is
The position of the magnetic pole fixing plate and the upper plate can be relatively changed, and by the position change, the magnetic pole member is arranged below the intersection of the lattice of the non-magnetic members , and the S of the magnetic pole member is divided with respect to one magnetic member section. It can be converted into an off state where the pole surface and the N pole surface are connected at the same time, and an on state where the magnetic pole member is arranged under the magnetic member section and the magnetic pole surface of one magnetic pole member is connected to one magnetic member section. The holding device holds the object to be held on the upper plate by the magnetic force generated from the magnetic pole member in the ON state.
Further, the present invention is a holding device for holding an object to be held at least partially made of a magnetic material by magnetic force,
A magnetic member made of a first magnetic body and a non-magnetic member made of a non-magnetic body are formed by dividing the magnetic member in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by the non-magnetic member, and forming a plurality of magnetic member sections in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions. An upper plate configured by combining as described above,
A lower plate made of a second magnetic material,
A plurality of magnetic pole members composed of a magnet or a third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet;
A magnetic pole fixing plate having the plurality of magnetic pole members fixed and arranged between an upper plate and a lower plate;
Equipped with,
In the magnetic pole fixing plate, the plurality of magnetic pole members are arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the magnetic pole surfaces of the same pole are not adjacent to each other with the magnetic pole surfaces facing upward and downward. Is
The position of the magnetic pole fixing plate and the upper plate can be relatively changed by rotational movement of at least one of the plates, and the magnetic pole member is arranged below the non-magnetic member portion by the position conversion, and one magnetic member section is formed. In contrast to the OFF state in which the S pole surface and the N pole surface of the magnetic pole member are simultaneously connected, the magnetic pole member is disposed below the magnetic member section, and the magnetic pole surface of one magnetic pole member is connected to one magnetic member section. There is provided a holding device which can be converted into an ON state in which the object to be held is held on the upper plate by a magnetic force generated from the magnetic pole member in the ON state.
本発明により、大電流に依存することなく強力な保持力とオフ時の切れの良さを両立できる、磁力による新規な保持手段が提供された。本発明の保持装置は、磁極部材として永久磁石のみを用いた場合でも、横滑り方向の力にも耐える高い吸着保持力を発揮できる。金属製ワークの固定のためのマグネットチャックとして使用する場合、従来の永久磁石型マグネットとは異なり、研削加工や放電加工だけでなく、横滑り方向に大きな力がかかる切削加工にも使用することができる。また、ワーク固定のためのマグネットチャックとしての用途を超えて、リフティングマグネットをはじめとする様々な用途に使用できる。小さい部品の固定保持以外にも、人や動物の支持、鉄骨の固定など、大きな物体の保持固定や移動運搬用にも使用可能である。保持装置全体のサイズは、使用目的や使用環境等に応じて自由に選択できる。本発明の保持装置は、永久磁石のみを使用した場合でも強い吸着力を発揮できるので、使用場所も制限がなく、液中、建物の壁の内部など、様々な場所で使用可能である。 According to the present invention, there is provided a novel holding means by magnetic force, which can achieve both a strong holding force and a good turning-off property without depending on a large current. The holding device of the present invention can exhibit a high attraction and holding force that can withstand the force in the sideslip direction even when only permanent magnets are used as the magnetic pole members. When used as a magnet chuck for fixing metal workpieces, unlike conventional permanent magnet type magnets, it can be used not only for grinding and electrical discharge machining, but also for cutting that requires a large force in the sideslip direction. .. Further, beyond the use as a magnet chuck for fixing a work, it can be used for various purposes such as a lifting magnet. In addition to fixing and holding small parts, it can also be used for holding and fixing large objects such as supporting people and animals, fixing steel frames, and for moving and carrying. The size of the entire holding device can be freely selected according to the purpose of use and the environment of use. Since the holding device of the present invention can exert a strong attractive force even when only a permanent magnet is used, the place of use is not limited, and the holding device can be used in various places such as in liquid or inside a wall of a building.
本発明の保持装置は、磁力を利用して被保持物を保持する器具であり、金属加工に従来より使用されているマグネットチャックの原理を利用したものである。以下、図面に基づいて本発明の保持装置の基本構成を説明する。 The holding device of the present invention is a device for holding an object to be held by using magnetic force, and utilizes the principle of a magnet chuck conventionally used for metal working. The basic configuration of the holding device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
なお、本明細書及び特許請求の範囲では、上下、縦横、水平という語が用いられているが、これは、上部プレートを水平にして被保持物を保持する保持面を上方に向けた状態で、格子の縦縞が奥から手前に向かうように維持した状態での方向を意味している。図１中には三次元の軸が記載されているが、これで表現すれば、上下方向とはZ方向であり、縦方向とはY方向であり、横方向とはX方向であり、XY平面が水平面である。ただし、本発明の保持装置は、保持面を上方に向けた状態のみならず、横向きでも縦向きでも下向きでも、あらゆる方向に向けた状態で使用可能である。各部材の配置を明瞭にする観点から、便宜的に、保持面を上方に向けた上記の状態で上下左右方向を説明しているだけであり、こうした説明によって本発明の保持装置の使用状態が限定されるものではない。 In addition, in the present specification and claims, the terms up, down, vertical and horizontal, and horizontal are used. This means that the upper plate is horizontal and the holding surface for holding an object is directed upward. , It means the direction in which the vertical stripes of the lattice are maintained from the back to the front. Although three-dimensional axes are shown in Fig. 1, if expressed in this way, the vertical direction is the Z direction, the vertical direction is the Y direction, the horizontal direction is the X direction, and XY The plane is the horizontal plane. However, the holding device of the present invention can be used not only in a state where the holding surface is directed upward, but also in a state in which the holding surface is oriented in any direction, such as in a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or a downward direction. From the viewpoint of clarifying the arrangement of each member, for convenience, only the above-mentioned state with the holding surface facing upward is described in the up, down, left, and right directions, and such an explanation indicates that the holding device of the present invention is in use. It is not limited.
また、本明細書及び特許請求の範囲では「プレート」という語を用いているが、本発明では、X・Y方向のサイズと比較してZ方向の厚みが大きく、プレートではなくむしろブロックと表現した方が適切な形状である場合もあり得る。本明細書及び特許請求の範囲では、本発明の器具の構成を立体的に把握しやすくする観点から、便宜上「プレート」という語を用いているだけであり、本発明の範囲は、Z方向の厚みがX・Y方向のサイズと比較して十分に小さいものに限定されるものではない。 Further, although the term "plate" is used in the present specification and claims, in the present invention, the thickness in the Z direction is larger than the size in the X and Y directions, and it is expressed as a block rather than a plate. In some cases, the shape may be more appropriate. In the present specification and claims, the term “plate” is simply used for convenience from the viewpoint of easily grasping the configuration of the device of the present invention in a three-dimensional manner. The thickness is not limited to the one sufficiently smaller than the size in the X and Y directions.
図１は、本発明の保持装置の構造を模式的に表した分解斜視図である。保持装置１０は、上部プレート１２、磁極固定プレート１４（ただし構造を一部省略して示す）及び下部プレート１６を具備する。磁極固定プレート１４には、複数個の磁極部材１８が、縦横に複数列をなして固定されている。上部プレートの上部表面が、被保持物を吸着保持する保持面１００である。なお、図１の模式図では保持装置１０は全体が矩形であるが、矩形に限定されるものではなく、矩形以外の多角形や円形（例えば図４−１）などのさまざまな形状とすることができる。 FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of the holding device of the present invention. The holding device 10 includes an upper plate 12, a magnetic pole fixing plate 14 (however, the structure is partially omitted), and a lower plate 16. A plurality of magnetic pole members 18 are fixed to the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 in a plurality of rows vertically and horizontally. The upper surface of the upper plate is a holding surface 100 that sucks and holds an object to be held. In addition, although the holding device 10 has a rectangular shape as a whole in the schematic view of FIG. 1, the holding device 10 is not limited to the rectangular shape, and may have various shapes such as a polygon other than the rectangular shape and a circular shape (for example, FIG. 4-1). You can
上部プレート１２は、第１の磁性体から成る磁性部材１２２と非磁性体から成る非磁性部材１２４を組み合わせて構成される。磁性部材１２２は、非磁性部材１２４によって縦方向（Y方向）及び横方向（X方向）に分断され、複数の磁性部材区画１２２ａが縦横に複数列をなすように形成される。図１に示した例では、非磁性部材１２４が格子状となるように組み合わされて構成されている。本明細書において、このような格子状の非磁性部材１２４を非磁性格子ということがある。非磁性格子の升目部分が磁性部材区画１２２ａとなっている。上部プレート１２において、磁性部材区画１２２ａは、格子の縦縞１２４ａ（縦方向に延在する非磁性部材部分）及び横縞１２４ｂ（横方向に延在する非磁性部材部分）に区切られて小矩形をなす。磁性部材区画１２２ａは、上部プレート１２の下に配置された磁極部材１８と磁気的に接続する部材であり、オン状態では磁極部材１８からの磁力が磁性部材区画１２２ａを経て被保持物を吸着保持する。 The upper plate 12 is configured by combining a magnetic member 122 made of a first magnetic body and a non-magnetic member 124 made of a non-magnetic body. The magnetic member 122 is divided in the vertical direction (Y direction) and the horizontal direction (X direction) by the non-magnetic member 124, and a plurality of magnetic member sections 122a are formed in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the non-magnetic members 124 are combined in a lattice shape. In this specification, such a lattice-shaped nonmagnetic member 124 may be referred to as a nonmagnetic lattice. The squares of the non-magnetic grid are magnetic member sections 122a. In the upper plate 12, the magnetic member sections 122a are divided into vertical stripes 124a (nonmagnetic member portions extending in the vertical direction) and horizontal stripes 124b (nonmagnetic member portions extending in the horizontal direction) of the lattice to form a small rectangle. .. The magnetic member section 122a is a member that is magnetically connected to the magnetic pole member 18 arranged under the upper plate 12, and in the ON state, the magnetic force from the magnetic pole member 18 attracts and holds the held object via the magnetic member section 122a. To do.
磁性部材区画１２２ａの形状は特に限定されない。図１〜図３に示すように、非磁性部材が格子形状の場合には、磁性部材区画１２２ａは長方形や正方形の矩形となるが、矩形の他に楕円形、長丸形、円形、三角形等、あるいはその組み合わせの形状を採用することも可能である。磁性部材が非磁性部材により縦横方向に分断されていればよいので、磁性部材区画１２２ａが矩形以外の形状の場合には、複数の磁性部材区画１２２ａの間を埋めるように非磁性部材１２４を配すればよい。また、上部プレート１２において、全ての磁性部材区画１２２ａを同一形状にしなくともよい。磁性部材区画１２２ａが矩形以外の形状である場合の非磁性部材１２４の形状は、変形格子形状と呼ぶことができる。本発明において、単に「格子」といった場合には、そのような変形格子形状も包含される。 The shape of the magnetic member section 122a is not particularly limited. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the non-magnetic member has a lattice shape, the magnetic member section 122a has a rectangular shape such as a rectangular shape or a square shape, but in addition to the rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, a circular shape, a triangular shape, or the like. Alternatively, it is also possible to adopt a shape of a combination thereof. Since it suffices that the magnetic member is divided in the vertical and horizontal directions by the non-magnetic member, when the magnetic member section 122a has a shape other than the rectangular shape, the non-magnetic member 124 is arranged so as to fill between the plurality of magnetic member sections 122a. do it. Further, in the upper plate 12, all the magnetic member sections 122a do not have to have the same shape. The shape of the non-magnetic member 124 when the magnetic member section 122a has a shape other than a rectangle can be referred to as a deformed lattice shape. In the present invention, when simply referring to “lattice”, such a deformed lattice shape is also included.
磁性部材区画１２２ａの個数ないしは列数も特に限定されず、縦横に複数列、すなわち２列以上であればよい。図４−１に示すように、非磁性部材１２４の中に磁性部材１２２を埋め込むようにして２列の磁性部材区画１２２ａを設けてもよい。このような態様でも、非磁性部材１２４の形状は略格子状ということができ、本発明における「格子」という語に包含される。 The number of magnetic member sections 122a or the number of rows is not particularly limited, and may be a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions, that is, two or more rows. As shown in FIG. 4A, two rows of magnetic member sections 122a may be provided so that the magnetic member 122 is embedded in the non-magnetic member 124. Even in such an aspect, the shape of the non-magnetic member 124 can be said to be a substantially lattice shape, and is included in the term "lattice" in the present invention.
本発明において、「非磁性体」は、全く磁力を通さない材料という意味ではなく、使用する磁性体との間で透磁率に非常に大きな差（例えば数百倍〜数千倍程度以上）がある材料であればよい。磁性体及び非磁性体は特に限定されず、この分野で公知の種々の材料を使用することができる。磁性体の具体例としては、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル及びガドリニウムの単体が挙げられるほか、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、ガドリニウム、クロム及びマンガン等のうちの1種以上を含む化合物、マルテンサイト系ステンレスなどの素材が挙げられる。また、非磁性体の具体例としては、銅、亜鉛、スズ、鉛、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、硫黄及びチタン等の単体あるいはこれらのうちの1種以上を含む化合物（例えば真鍮、青銅など）、オーステナイト系ステンレス等のような非磁性金属；プラスチック、ポリエチレン、ビニール等の石油加工品素材；ゴム、ガラス等の非金属・非石油加工品素材；天然繊維（綿など）、天然樹脂、木材及び木材加工品（紙など）のような植物由来素材；並びに空気等が挙げられる。非磁性体として空気を用いる場合、非磁性格子は空気ギャップとして設けられる。例えば、非磁性体の薄いプレート表面に適当な間隔で磁性体を固定したものを、非磁性格子が空気ギャップである上部プレートとして使用することができる。もっとも、上記した具体例は単なる例示であり、本発明で使用される磁性体及び非磁性体は上記具体例に限定されるものではない。 In the present invention, “non-magnetic material” does not mean a material that does not allow magnetic force to pass through, but a very large difference in magnetic permeability (for example, several hundred times to several thousand times or more) from the magnetic material used. Any material will do. The magnetic material and the non-magnetic material are not particularly limited, and various materials known in this field can be used. Specific examples of magnetic materials include iron, cobalt, nickel, and gadolinium simple substances, as well as compounds containing one or more of iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, chromium, manganese, and martensitic stainless steel. Materials are listed. Specific examples of non-magnetic materials include simple substances such as copper, zinc, tin, lead, aluminum, magnesium, sulfur, and titanium, or compounds containing at least one of them (for example, brass, bronze, etc.), austenitic alloys. Non-magnetic metal such as stainless steel; Petroleum processed material such as plastic, polyethylene, vinyl; Non-metal/non petroleum processed material such as rubber and glass; Natural fiber (cotton etc.), natural resin, wood and processed wood Examples include plant-derived materials such as paper (paper etc.); air and the like. When air is used as the non-magnetic material, the non-magnetic grid is provided as an air gap. For example, a non-magnetic thin plate surface on which magnetic materials are fixed at appropriate intervals can be used as an upper plate having a non-magnetic lattice as an air gap. However, the specific examples described above are merely examples, and the magnetic substance and the non-magnetic substance used in the present invention are not limited to the specific examples.
下部プレート１６は、第２の磁性体から成る。この下部プレート１６は、磁極部材の下方の磁極面と磁気的に接続しており、下方に向かう磁力線を磁極部材間で完結させる働きをする。第２の磁性体は、第１の磁性体と同一であってもよいし、異なっていてもよいが、製造コスト等の観点では同一素材であることが好ましい。 The lower plate 16 is made of a second magnetic body. The lower plate 16 is magnetically connected to the magnetic pole surface below the magnetic pole members and serves to complete the downward magnetic force lines between the magnetic pole members. The second magnetic body may be the same as or different from the first magnetic body, but is preferably the same material from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost and the like.
被保持物を吸着保持するための磁力を保持面１００上に提供する磁極面を有する磁極部材１８は、磁極固定プレート１４に固定され、上部プレート１２と下部プレート１６の間に配置される。磁極部材１８は、磁極面を上下方向（Z方向）に向けて、上下のプレートと磁気的に接続するように、好ましくは上部プレート及び下部プレートに物理的に接するように配置される。ただし、磁極固定プレート１４の下部面が磁性体から成る場合には、磁極面が下部プレート１６に物理的に接する必要はない。磁極部材１８は、縦横に複数列をなして配置され、隣り合う磁極部材１８が異なる磁極面を上方に向けた状態で互いに間隔をあけて配列される。縦、横いずれの方向でも、同一極の磁極面が互いに隣り合わないように、・・・−N極−S極−N極−S極−・・・となるように交互に配列される。図中では、磁極部材１８の磁極面のうち、S極面を１８ａ、N極面を１８ｂとして示す。 A magnetic pole member 18 having a magnetic pole surface that provides a magnetic force for attracting and holding an object to be held on the holding surface 100 is fixed to the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 and is arranged between the upper plate 12 and the lower plate 16. The magnetic pole member 18 is arranged so that the magnetic pole surface is oriented in the vertical direction (Z direction) so as to be magnetically connected to the upper and lower plates, and preferably physically contact the upper plate and the lower plate. However, when the lower surface of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 is made of a magnetic material, the magnetic pole surface does not have to physically contact the lower plate 16. The magnetic pole members 18 are arranged vertically and horizontally in a plurality of rows, and adjacent magnetic pole members 18 are arranged at intervals with the different magnetic pole faces facing upward. In either of the vertical and horizontal directions, the magnetic pole surfaces of the same pole are alternately arranged so as to be... -N pole-S pole-N pole-S pole-... In the figure, among the magnetic pole surfaces of the magnetic pole member 18, the S pole surface is shown as 18a and the N pole surface is shown as 18b.
磁極部材１８の形状は特に限定されない。矩形のものを最も好ましく用いることができるが、円形や楕円形、長丸形、菱形、又はこれら以外の種々の形状のものを使用することができる。磁極部材１８には、上部プレートの磁性部材区画１２２ａと同じ形状を採用することが好ましい。矩形以外の形状の場合、磁極部材間の間隙とは、磁極部材間の最も短い間隙をいい、例えば菱形の磁極部材を用いる場合には、菱形の頂点間の距離をいう。 The shape of the magnetic pole member 18 is not particularly limited. A rectangular shape can be most preferably used, but a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an oblong shape, a rhombic shape, or various shapes other than these can be used. The magnetic pole member 18 preferably has the same shape as the magnetic member section 122a of the upper plate. In the case of a shape other than the rectangular shape, the gap between the magnetic pole members means the shortest gap between the magnetic pole members, for example, when using a rhombic magnetic pole member, the distance between the apexes of the rhombus.
磁極固定プレート１４上では、磁極部材１８が縦方向及び横方向にそれぞれ一定の間隔をおいて配置される。磁極部材間の間隔は、図２〜図４−３に示すように、上部プレート１２における磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の間隔と略同一であることが好ましい。すなわち、磁極部材１８間の縦方向（Ｙ方向）の間隔が磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の縦方向（Ｙ方向）の間隔と略同一であり、かつ、磁極部材１８間の横方向（Ｘ方向）の間隔が磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の横方向（Ｘ方向）の間隔と略同一であることが好ましく、この場合、磁極部材のサイズは、磁性部材区画１２２ａのサイズと略同一となる。特に本発明においては、磁極部材１８間の縦方向の間隔及び横方向の間隔、並びに磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の縦方向の間隔及び横方向の間隔が全て略同一であることが好ましい。例えば、非磁性部材１２４が格子形状である場合には、磁極部材１８の横方向（X方向）の間隔が上部プレート１２の非磁性格子の縦縞１２４ａの幅（太さ）と略同一であり、縦方向（Y方向）の間隔が非磁性格子の横縞１２４ｂの幅（太さ）と略同一であることが好ましく、中でも、非磁性格子の縦縞１２４ａ及び横縞１２４ｂの幅（太さ）と磁極部材間の縦方向及び横方向の間隔とが全て略同一であることが特に好ましい。寸法を合せる際には、同一とすべき寸法の間で多少の誤差が生じても、保持装置の機能すなわちオン時の強い吸着力とオフ時の切れの良さを大きく損なわない限り問題はない。略同一とは、そのような多少の誤差が許容されることを意味しており、特に限定されないが、通常±１０％程度まで、例えば±５％程度までの誤差が許容される。 On the magnetic pole fixing plate 14, the magnetic pole members 18 are arranged at regular intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The spacing between the magnetic pole members is preferably substantially the same as the spacing between the magnetic member sections 122a in the upper plate 12, as shown in FIGS. That is, the vertical gap (Y direction) between the magnetic pole members 18 is substantially the same as the vertical gap (Y direction) between the magnetic member sections 122 a, and the horizontal gap (X direction) between the magnetic pole members 18 is the same. It is preferable that the gap is substantially the same as the gap between the magnetic member sections 122a in the lateral direction (X direction), and in this case, the size of the magnetic pole member is substantially the same as the size of the magnetic member sections 122a. In particular, in the present invention, it is preferable that the vertical spacing and the horizontal spacing between the magnetic pole members 18 and the vertical spacing and the horizontal spacing between the magnetic member sections 122a are all substantially the same. For example, when the non-magnetic member 124 has a lattice shape, the horizontal direction (X direction) spacing of the magnetic pole members 18 is substantially the same as the width (thickness) of the vertical stripes 124a of the non-magnetic lattice of the upper plate 12, It is preferable that the interval in the vertical direction (Y direction) is substantially the same as the width (thickness) of the horizontal stripes 124b of the non-magnetic lattice, and above all, the width (thickness) of the vertical stripes 124a and the horizontal stripes 124b of the non-magnetic lattice and the magnetic pole member. It is particularly preferred that the vertical and horizontal intervals between them are all substantially the same. When the dimensions are matched, even if some errors occur between the dimensions that should be the same, there is no problem as long as the function of the holding device, that is, the strong suction force at the time of turning on and the good cutting performance at the time of turning off are not significantly impaired. The term “substantially the same” means that such a slight error is allowed and is not particularly limited, but an error of up to about ±10%, for example, up to about ±5% is usually allowed.
磁極部材１８は、磁石、又は磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体から成る。磁石は、永久磁石、電磁石、永久磁石と電磁石を組み合わせた磁石のいずれであってもよく、被保持物の種類や使用場所等に応じて適宜選択できる。本発明の特徴は、永久磁石のみでも多方向からの応力に対する強い吸着保持力とオフ時の切れの良さを両立できる点にあるが、吸着保持力をさらに高めるために、電磁石又は永久磁石と電磁石を組み合わせた磁石を使用することは差し支えない。電磁石又は永久磁石と電磁石を組み合わせた磁石を採用すれば、被保持物が大きくて重量のある物体である場合にも十分に対応可能になる。永久磁石のみを採用すれば、吸着保持力を発揮するのに電気が不要なため、例えば水中でも保持装置を使用可能になる。 The magnetic pole member 18 is composed of a magnet or a third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet. The magnet may be any one of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, and a magnet that is a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of the object to be held and the place of use. A feature of the present invention is that even a permanent magnet alone can achieve both a strong attracting and holding force against stress from multiple directions and a good cut-off property at the time of turning off, but in order to further enhance the attracting and holding force, an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and an electromagnet It is safe to use a combination of magnets. If an electromagnet or a magnet that is a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet is adopted, it becomes possible to sufficiently cope with a large and heavy object to be held. If only permanent magnets are used, electricity is not required to exert the attraction and holding force, so that the holding device can be used even in water, for example.
上部プレートと磁極固定プレートの相対的な位置変換（言い換えると、磁性部材区画と磁極部材の相対的な位置変換）は、XY平面内（水平面内）での２軸方向へのプレート移動により行なわれてもよいし、プレートの中心部を軸とした水平面内での回転移動でもよい。以下、各態様について、模式図に基づき具体的に説明する。 The relative position conversion of the upper plate and the magnetic pole fixing plate (in other words, the relative position conversion of the magnetic member section and the magnetic pole member) is performed by the plate movement in the two axis directions within the XY plane (horizontal plane). Alternatively, it may be rotated or moved in a horizontal plane about the center of the plate. Hereinafter, each aspect will be specifically described based on schematic diagrams.
図２及び図３は、プレートの位置変換がXY平面内（水平面内）での２軸方向への移動により達成される態様の具体例を示す模式図である。磁極部材は磁石であり、磁性部材区画間の縦横方向の間隔と磁極部材間の縦横方向の間隔が全て同一である態様、すなわち、非磁性格子の縦縞１２４ａ及び横縞１２４ｂの幅（太さ）と磁極部材間の縦方向及び横方向の間隔とが全て同一である態様の一例を示した。磁極固定プレート１４は非磁性体から成り、磁極部材が埋め込まれて固定されている。非磁性体の条件は上記した通りである。もっとも、この態様に限定されず、上述したように磁極部材間の間隙は空気ギャップであってもよい。例えば、薄いプレート上に適当な間隔で空気ギャップを設けながら磁極部材を固定したものを磁極固定プレートとして使用することができる。薄いプレートは、磁極部材から下方に発生する磁力線が下部プレートを介して磁石間で完結することを妨害しない限り、いかなる材料で作製されたものでもよい。 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams showing a specific example of a mode in which the position conversion of the plate is achieved by moving in the biaxial directions in the XY plane (horizontal plane). The magnetic pole members are magnets, and the vertical and horizontal gaps between the magnetic member sections and the vertical and horizontal gaps between the magnetic pole members are all the same, that is, the widths (thicknesses) of the vertical stripes 124a and the horizontal stripes 124b of the non-magnetic lattice. An example of a mode in which the vertical and horizontal intervals between the magnetic pole members are all the same is shown. The magnetic pole fixing plate 14 is made of a non-magnetic material, and a magnetic pole member is embedded and fixed. The conditions for the non-magnetic material are as described above. However, it is not limited to this aspect, and the gap between the magnetic pole members may be an air gap as described above. For example, a thin plate on which magnetic pole members are fixed while providing air gaps at appropriate intervals can be used as the magnetic pole fixing plate. The thin plate may be made of any material as long as it does not prevent the magnetic field lines generated downward from the pole members from completing between the magnets via the lower plate.
オン状態では、図２に示すように、磁極部材１８が、磁性部材区画１２２ａの下部に位置する。磁極部材１８は、非磁性部材１２４の格子の縞を跨がず、１つの磁性部材区画１２２ａに対して１つの磁極部材（すなわち単一の極）が接続する。図２の態様では磁極部材の間隔と格子の幅（太さ）が全て同一であるため、磁極部材の間隙が格子模様と一致し、非磁性格子の真下に磁極部材の間隙が存在する配置となる。 In the ON state, as shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic pole member 18 is located below the magnetic member section 122a. The magnetic pole member 18 does not straddle the stripes of the lattice of the non-magnetic member 124, and one magnetic pole member (that is, a single pole) is connected to one magnetic member section 122a. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, since the gap between the magnetic pole members and the width (thickness) of the lattice are all the same, the gap between the magnetic pole members matches the lattice pattern, and the gap between the magnetic pole members exists directly under the non-magnetic lattice. Become.
オフ状態では、図３に示すように、磁極部材１８が格子の交点の下部に位置する。すなわち、磁極部材１８が、格子の縦縞及び横縞の両者の下部に位置する。さらに言い換えると、平面視で（Z軸方向から見て）磁極部材１８が非磁性格子によって４分割されるような配置となる。磁極部材がXY方向に対称な形状（例えば、矩形、円形、楕円形、長丸形、菱形など）である場合、磁極部材１８が非磁性格子によって均等に４分割される配置となることが好ましい。オフ状態では、１つの磁性部材区画１２２ａに対して、磁極部材のＳ極面１８ａ及びＮ極面１８ｂが同時に接続している。 In the off state, as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic pole member 18 is located below the intersection of the lattice. That is, the magnetic pole member 18 is located under both the vertical stripes and the horizontal stripes of the lattice. In other words, the magnetic pole member 18 is divided into four by the non-magnetic lattice in plan view (viewed from the Z-axis direction). When the magnetic pole member has a symmetrical shape in the XY directions (for example, a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, an oblong shape, a rhombus, etc.), it is preferable that the magnetic pole member 18 be equally divided into four by a non-magnetic lattice. .. In the off state, the S pole surface 18a and the N pole surface 18b of the magnetic pole member are simultaneously connected to one magnetic member section 122a.
磁極固定プレート１４と上部プレート１２とは、相対的に位置変換可能である。図２、３に示す態様では、上部プレート１２に対する磁極固定プレート１４の位置がXY平面内（水平面内）で２軸方向に変換可能な構成となっており、この２軸方向の位置変換によってオン・オフの切り替えが達成される。典型的には磁極固定プレート１４が可動な構成であるが、上部プレート１２が可動な構成としてもよく、あるいは磁極固定プレート１４と上部プレート１２の両者が可動な構成としてもよい。２軸方向への位置変換は、縦方向から横方向（または横方向から縦方向）への２段階の移動としてもよいし、斜め方向への１段階の移動としてもよい。 The positions of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 and the upper plate 12 can be relatively changed. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the position of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 with respect to the upper plate 12 can be converted into two axial directions in the XY plane (horizontal plane).・Off switching is achieved. Although the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 is typically movable, the upper plate 12 may be movable, or both the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 and the upper plate 12 may be movable. The position conversion in the biaxial direction may be a two-step movement from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction (or a horizontal direction to the vertical direction), or may be a one-step movement in the diagonal direction.
磁極固定プレート１４の位置変換は、保持装置１０の外部から該プレートの移動を制御する送り手段（図示せず）によって制御することができる。送り手段の操作部（図示せず）は、レンチで操作するナット、レバー、送りねじなど、保持装置の使用目的や使用環境等に合わせて適宜選択できる。遠隔部からの操作が求められる場合には、遠隔部のスイッチに接続した電気配線又はリモコン信号受信部を保持装置に設け、有線や無線等によって磁極固定プレート１４の移動を制御することもできる。操作部の動作を磁極固定プレート１４に伝達する機構そのものは、当業者であれば容易に設計できる。例えば、従来品の永久磁石型マグネットチャックでは、チャック本体側面にナットが設けられ、ここをレンチで回転させて内部の磁極固定プレート１４をスライドさせるが、本発明でも基本的には同様の機構を利用することができる。 The position change of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 can be controlled from the outside of the holding device 10 by feeding means (not shown) that controls the movement of the plate. The operating portion (not shown) of the feeding means can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use and environment of use of the holding device, such as a nut, lever, and feed screw operated by a wrench. When an operation from a remote unit is required, it is possible to provide the holding device with an electric wire connected to a switch of the remote unit or a remote control signal receiving unit to control the movement of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 by wire or wireless. The mechanism itself for transmitting the operation of the operation portion to the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 can be easily designed by those skilled in the art. For example, in a conventional permanent magnet type magnet chuck, a nut is provided on the side surface of the chuck body and the nut is rotated by a wrench to slide the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 therein. However, the present invention basically provides a similar mechanism. Can be used.
オン状態（図２）では、上部プレート１２の磁性部材区画１２２ａの真下に磁極部材１８が位置し、各磁性部材区画１２２ａに一極性の磁力が付与される。縦横（XY）方向に隣り合う磁極面は極が異なるため、保持面１００上では、S極とN極が縦横いずれの方向にも交互に並んだ状態になる。この状態で保持面１００上に少なくとも一部が磁性材料から成る被保持物（図示せず）が存在すると、X方向及びY方向に隣り合う磁極部材１８間で、縦方向及び横方向に延在する非磁性部材部分１２４ａ及び１２４ｂを跨ぎ被保持物の磁性材料部分を経由して磁力線が完結する。これにより、被保持物が保持面１００上に吸着保持される。このように本発明の保持装置では、保持面１００上に磁束ループが多数発現するため、X方向とY方向の磁束によって、オン状態での横すべり抵抗性が向上され、多方面からの応力に対する保持力が強く発揮されるようになる。 In the ON state (FIG. 2), the magnetic pole member 18 is located immediately below the magnetic member section 122a of the upper plate 12, and a unipolar magnetic force is applied to each magnetic member section 122a. Since the magnetic pole surfaces adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal (XY) directions have different poles, the S poles and the N poles are alternately arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions on the holding surface 100. In this state, if there is an object to be held (not shown), at least a part of which is made of a magnetic material, on the holding surface 100, it extends in the vertical and horizontal directions between the magnetic pole members 18 adjacent in the X and Y directions. The magnetic lines of force are completed through the non-magnetic member portions 124a and 124b, which pass through the magnetic material portion of the held object. As a result, the held object is suction-held on the holding surface 100. As described above, in the holding device of the present invention, since a large number of magnetic flux loops are developed on the holding surface 100, the side slip resistance in the ON state is improved by the magnetic flux in the X direction and the Y direction, and the holding against the stress from various directions is obtained. Power will be exerted strongly.
被保持物を取り外すときは、磁極固定プレート送り手段を操作し、非磁性格子に対する磁極部材１８の位置（磁性部材区画１２２ａに対する磁極部材１８の位置）を変換する。オフ状態では、磁極部材１８が非磁性格子１２４の交点の下部に配置される。すなわち、縦方向に延在する非磁性部材部分１２４ａに沿ってその下部に磁極部材１８が並び、かつ、横方向に延在する非磁性部材部分１２４ｂに沿ってその下部に磁極部材１８が並んだ状態であり、１つの磁性部材区画１２２ａに対して磁極部材１８のＳ極面１８ａ及びＮ極面１８ｂが同時に接続する。このような配置により、磁極部材１８からの磁力は、磁性部材区画１２２ａの内部でX方向とY方向に完結しやすくなり、磁力線が保持面１００上の磁性材料まで届きにくくなる。すなわち、保持装置内部で磁束が閉じ、保持面１００上の被保持物に作用する吸着力が消失する。これにより、大きく厚みのある永久磁石を使用した場合でも、オフ時の磁力の切れが向上し、オン時の強い保持力とオフ時の切れの良さを両立できるようになる。なお、端部に位置する磁性部材区画では、オフ状態においてもS極及びN極のいずれか一方にのみ接続した状態となり得るが（例えば図３では右上の升目部分）、保持面の中央領域において上述した配置となっていれば差し支えない。 When removing the object to be held, the magnetic pole fixing plate feeding means is operated to change the position of the magnetic pole member 18 with respect to the non-magnetic lattice (the position of the magnetic pole member 18 with respect to the magnetic member section 122a). In the off state, the magnetic pole member 18 is arranged below the intersection of the non-magnetic lattices 124. That is, the magnetic pole members 18 are arranged in the lower portion along the non-magnetic member portion 124a extending in the vertical direction, and the magnetic pole members 18 are arranged in the lower portion along the non-magnetic member portion 124b extending in the horizontal direction. This is the state, and the S pole surface 18a and the N pole surface 18b of the magnetic pole member 18 are simultaneously connected to one magnetic member section 122a. With such an arrangement, the magnetic force from the magnetic pole member 18 is likely to be completed in the X direction and the Y direction inside the magnetic member section 122a, and it becomes difficult for the magnetic force lines to reach the magnetic material on the holding surface 100. That is, the magnetic flux closes inside the holding device, and the attraction force acting on the held object on the holding surface 100 disappears. As a result, even when a large and thick permanent magnet is used, the breakage of the magnetic force at the time of off is improved, and it becomes possible to achieve both a strong holding force at the time of onset and good cutoff at the time of off. In the magnetic member section located at the end, even if it is in the OFF state, it may be in a state of being connected to only one of the S pole and the N pole (for example, the upper right square portion in FIG. 3), but in the central area of the holding surface. It does not matter if the above arrangement is adopted.
図４−１〜図４−３は、上部プレートと磁極固定プレートの相対的な位置変換が、少なくともいずれか一方のプレートの回転移動により行なわれる態様の具体例を示す模式図である。 4-1 to 4-3 are schematic diagrams showing specific examples of a mode in which the relative position conversion of the upper plate and the magnetic pole fixing plate is performed by the rotational movement of at least one of the plates.
図４−１の上段は上部プレート１２の平面図、下段は磁極固定プレート１４の平面図である。上部プレート１２において、磁性部材１２２は非磁性部材１２４によってY方向（縦方向）及びX方向（横方向）に分断され、磁性部材区画１２２ａの列が形成されている。磁極固定プレート１４には、磁性部材区画１２２ａと同じサイズの磁極部材１８が、磁性部材区画１２２ａと同じ間隔で整列配置されている。 The upper part of FIG. 4A is a plan view of the upper plate 12, and the lower part is a plan view of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14. In the upper plate 12, the magnetic member 122 is divided by the non-magnetic member 124 in the Y direction (longitudinal direction) and the X direction (horizontal direction) to form a row of magnetic member sections 122a. On the magnetic pole fixing plate 14, the magnetic pole members 18 having the same size as the magnetic member section 122a are aligned and arranged at the same intervals as the magnetic member section 122a.
オン状態（図４−２）では、図２のオン状態と同様に、上部プレート１２の磁性部材区画１２２ａの真下に磁極部材１８が配置され、磁性部材区画１２２ａに一極性の磁力が付与される。 In the ON state (FIG. 4-2), similarly to the ON state in FIG. 2, the magnetic pole member 18 is arranged immediately below the magnetic member section 122a of the upper plate 12, and a magnetic force of one polarity is applied to the magnetic member section 122a. ..
被保持物を取り外すときは、磁極固定プレート１４を回転移動させ、図４−３に示したオフ状態とする。図４−２の配置から、プレートの中心部を軸として磁極固定プレートを時計回りに９０度回転移動させることで、図４−３に示した配置となる。この図示した例において、磁極部材１８は、縦方向に延在する非磁性部材部分１２４ａの下部に位置し、１つの磁性部材区画１２２ａに対して磁極部材１８のＳ極面１８ａ及びＮ極面１８ｂが同時に接続する。このような配置により、磁極部材１８からの磁力が磁性部材区画１２２ａの内部で完結しやすくなり、保持装置内部で磁束が閉じ、保持面１００上の被保持物に作用する吸着力が消失する。 When removing the object to be held, the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 is rotationally moved to the off state shown in FIG. 4-3. From the arrangement shown in FIG. 4-2, the arrangement shown in FIG. 4-3 is obtained by rotating the magnetic pole fixing plate by 90 degrees clockwise about the center of the plate. In the illustrated example, the magnetic pole member 18 is located below the longitudinally extending non-magnetic member portion 124a, and the S pole surface 18a and the N pole surface 18b of the magnetic pole member 18 are arranged with respect to one magnetic member section 122a. Connect at the same time. With such an arrangement, the magnetic force from the magnetic pole member 18 is easily completed inside the magnetic member section 122a, the magnetic flux is closed inside the holding device, and the attraction force acting on the held object on the holding surface 100 disappears.
なお、このような回転式の保持装置においても、磁性部材区画１２２ａのサイズ設定や個数設定によっては、端部に位置する磁性部材区画がオフ状態においてもS極及びN極のいずれか一方にのみ接続した状態となり得るが、保持面の中央領域において上述した配置となっていれば差し支えない。 Even in such a rotary holding device, depending on the size setting and the number setting of the magnetic member sections 122a, even if the magnetic member sections located at the ends are in the OFF state, only one of the S pole and the N pole is provided. Although it can be in a connected state, it does not matter if the above-mentioned arrangement is made in the central region of the holding surface.
磁極固定プレート１４の回転移動機構としては、９０度回転の送りと戻しによってオン・オフの切り替えを行なう構成でもよいし、一方向のみに回転可能で９０度ごとにオン・オフが切り替わる構成でもよい。本態様においても、磁極固定プレート１４が回転移動する構成が典型的ではあるが、上部プレート１２が回転移動する構成としてもよく、あるいは磁極固定プレート１４と上部プレート１２の両者が回転移動する構成としてもよい。回転手段の操作部（図示せず）は、手で操作するハンドルやレバー、レンチで操作するナット、送りねじなど、保持装置の使用目的や使用環境等に合わせて適宜選択でき、遠隔部からの操作が可能な構成としてもよい。 The rotational movement mechanism of the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 may be configured to switch ON/OFF by feeding and returning 90° rotation, or may be configured to be rotatable only in one direction and switching ON/OFF every 90°. .. Also in this aspect, the configuration in which the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 is rotationally moved is typical, but the configuration may be such that the upper plate 12 is rotationally moved, or both the magnetic pole fixing plate 14 and the upper plate 12 are rotationally moved. Good. The operating part (not shown) of the rotating means can be selected as appropriate according to the purpose of use and environment of the holding device, such as a handle or lever operated by hand, a nut operated by a wrench, a feed screw, etc. It may be configured to be operable.
図５は、磁極部材１８として磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体を採用した場合の磁極固定プレートの具体例を示した平面図である。図５のように、複数の磁石２０を同一極が向かい合うように並べ、その間に磁性体を挿入すると、該磁性体は一極性の磁石として機能するようになり、N極とS極がX方向に交互に並んだ磁極部材１８の列となる。このような磁極部材列を利用したマグネットチャックは公知であり、本発明の保持装置においても利用できる。図５の例では、一極性の磁石として働く第３の磁性体の間隙が、第３の磁性体間に配置されている磁石２０によって規定されている。従って、本実施態様による保持装置では、第３の磁性体を挟み込んでいる磁石の厚み（X方向の幅）が、上部プレート１２の磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の横方向（Ｘ方向）の間隔と略同一であり、かつ、第３の磁性体のY方向の間隔が、上部プレート１２の磁性部材区画１２２ａ間の縦方向（Ｙ方向）の間隔と略同一であることが好ましい。 FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a specific example of the magnetic pole fixing plate when the third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet is used as the magnetic pole member 18. As shown in FIG. 5, when a plurality of magnets 20 are arranged so that the same poles face each other and a magnetic body is inserted between them, the magnetic body functions as a unipolar magnet, and the N pole and the S pole are in the X direction. The magnetic pole members 18 are arranged alternately. A magnet chuck using such an array of magnetic pole members is known and can be used in the holding device of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 5, the gap between the third magnetic bodies that functions as a unipolar magnet is defined by the magnets 20 arranged between the third magnetic bodies. Therefore, in the holding device according to the present embodiment, the thickness (width in the X direction) of the magnet sandwiching the third magnetic body is approximately equal to the lateral distance (X direction) between the magnetic member sections 122a of the upper plate 12. It is preferable that the distance between the third magnetic bodies in the Y direction is substantially the same as the distance between the magnetic member sections 122a of the upper plate 12 in the vertical direction (Y direction).
図５の実施態様においては、磁極部材１８は磁石２０ではなく第３の磁性体の方であり、磁石２０は本発明に言う磁極部材１８ではないが、磁極部材１８として使用される磁石について上述した条件が当てはまる。すなわち、この態様で用いられる磁石２０も、永久磁石、電磁石、永久磁石と電磁石を組み合わせた磁石のいずれであってもよい。また、第３の磁性体の条件は、第１及び第２の磁性体と同様であり、第１〜第３の磁性体は同一でも異なっていても良いが、製造コスト等の観点では第１〜第３の磁性体は同一素材であることが好ましい。 In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the magnetic pole member 18 is not the magnet 20 but the third magnetic body, and the magnet 20 is not the magnetic pole member 18 referred to in the present invention, but the magnet used as the magnetic pole member 18 is described above. The conditions you have applied apply. That is, the magnet 20 used in this mode may be any of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, and a magnet in which a permanent magnet and an electromagnet are combined. The conditions of the third magnetic body are the same as those of the first and second magnetic bodies, and the first to third magnetic bodies may be the same or different, but in terms of manufacturing cost, etc. ~ It is preferable that the third magnetic body is made of the same material.
被保持物は、少なくとも一部が磁性材料から成るものであれば、磁力により吸着保持できるため、特に限定されない。鉄製品など全体が磁性材料から成る物体の他、非磁性材料から成る物体であっても、部分的に磁性材料から成る部位があれば本発明の保持装置で保持可能である。 The object to be held is not particularly limited as long as at least a part thereof is made of a magnetic material, it can be attracted and held by magnetic force. In addition to an object made entirely of a magnetic material such as an iron product, an object made of a non-magnetic material can be held by the holding device of the present invention as long as it has a portion partially made of a magnetic material.
本発明の保持装置は、機械加工において金属製のワークを固定するためのマグネットチャックとして利用できる。磁極部材として永久磁石のみを用いた場合でも、横滑り方向の力にも耐える高い吸着保持力を発揮できるので、研削加工や放電加工だけでなく切削加工においても使用可能である。また、ワーク固定のためのマグネットチャックとしての用途を超えて、リフティングマグネットをはじめとする様々な用途に使用できる。小さい部品の固定保持以外にも、人や動物の支持、鉄骨の固定など、大きな物体の保持固定や移動運搬用にも使用可能である。保持装置全体のサイズは、使用目的や使用環境等に応じて自由に選択できる。永久磁石のみを使用した場合でも強い吸着力を発揮できるので、使用場所も制限がなく、液中でも使用可能である。また、たとえば建物の壁の内部に保持装置を設置し、壁に被保持物を保持固定するという用途も可能である。 The holding device of the present invention can be used as a magnet chuck for fixing a metal work during machining. Even when only a permanent magnet is used as the magnetic pole member, it can exhibit a high attraction and holding force that can withstand the force in the sideslip direction, so that it can be used not only in grinding and electric discharge machining but also in cutting. Further, beyond the use as a magnet chuck for fixing a work, it can be used for various purposes such as a lifting magnet. In addition to fixing and holding small parts, it can also be used for holding and fixing large objects such as supporting people and animals, fixing steel frames, and for moving and carrying. The size of the entire holding device can be freely selected according to the purpose of use and the environment of use. Even if only a permanent magnet is used, it can exert a strong attractive force, so there is no limitation in the place of use and it can be used in liquid. Further, for example, a holding device is installed inside a wall of a building, and an object to be held is held and fixed to the wall.
本発明の保持装置をマグネットチャックとして作成し、上部プレートがストライプ状である従来品のマグネットチャック（特許文献１）と吸着力の比較を行なった。 The holding device of the present invention was prepared as a magnet chuck, and the attraction force was compared with a conventional magnet chuck (Patent Document 1) in which the upper plate has a stripe shape.
本発明の実施品であるマグネットチャック試作品（M-New）では、磁極部材として永久磁石（480mT）を使用した。真鍮で形成したプレートに永久磁石をはめ込んで固定し、磁極固定プレートとした。上部プレートは、鉄と真鍮を格子状に組み合わせて作成し、下部プレートは鉄で作成した。永久磁石のサイズは11mm×16mmとし、上部プレートにおいて真鍮部分で区切られた四角形の鉄部分（磁性部材区画）のサイズは永久磁石のサイズと一致させた。上部プレートの格子状の真鍮部分の幅は3mmとした。 A permanent magnet (480 mT) was used as the magnetic pole member in the magnet chuck prototype (M-New), which is an implementation product of the present invention. A permanent magnet was fitted into and fixed to a plate made of brass to obtain a magnetic pole fixing plate. The upper plate was made by combining iron and brass in a grid pattern, and the lower plate was made of iron. The size of the permanent magnet was 11 mm x 16 mm, and the size of the square iron part (magnetic member section) separated by the brass part in the upper plate was made to match the size of the permanent magnet. The width of the lattice-shaped brass portion of the upper plate was 3 mm.
一方、従来品の永久磁石型マグネットチャックは、ストライプのピッチが異なる下記３種類のものを用いた。
MP11（従来品１）：Feピッチ11mm、CuZnピッチ2mm、磁石480mT
MP4（従来品２）：Feピッチ４mm、CuZnピッチ3mm、磁石480mT
MP2（従来品３）：Feピッチ2mm、CuZnピッチ1mm、磁石280mT
On the other hand, as the conventional permanent magnet type magnetic chuck, the following three types having different stripe pitches were used.
MP11 (Conventional product 1): Fe pitch 11 mm, CuZn pitch 2 mm, magnet 480 mT
MP4 (conventional product 2): Fe pitch 4 mm, CuZn pitch 3 mm, magnet 480 mT
MP2 (conventional product 3): Fe pitch 2 mm, CuZn pitch 1 mm, magnet 280 mT
図６は、本発明による試作品M-Newの外観写真である。また図６中の枠で囲んだ領域における磁束密度分布のベクトル図を図７に示す。磁束の動きは複雑な形状を示した。 FIG. 6 is a photograph of the appearance of the prototype M-New according to the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a vector diagram of the magnetic flux density distribution in the area surrounded by the frame in FIG. The movement of the magnetic flux showed a complicated shape.
図８、９は、図７中の(a)ライン及び(b)ライン上の磁束密度の３次元分布を２次元的に示したものである。図８（(a)ライン）では従来品１のMP11について同様に測定したグラフ（データ省略）と同様な傾向を示した。一方、図９（(b)ライン）では、Z方向磁束密度の最大値は図８とほぼ同様の値であるにも関わらず、Y方向磁束密度がZ方向磁束密度とほぼ同様の値を示していた。 8 and 9 show the three-dimensional distribution of the magnetic flux density on the lines (a) and (b) in FIG. 7 in a two-dimensional manner. In FIG. 8 (line (a)), the same tendency as the graph (data omitted) similarly measured for MP11 of Conventional product 1 was shown. On the other hand, in FIG. 9 (line (b)), although the maximum value of the Z direction magnetic flux density is almost the same as that of FIG. 8, the Y direction magnetic flux density shows almost the same value as the Z direction magnetic flux density. Was there.
本発明による試作品M-New及び従来品３種を用いて試験片の横すべり試験（すべり方向：X軸）を行なった。上部プレートの中央を横切るライン（bライン）上に試験片を取り付けて試験を行なった。試験片は、鉄製の材質S50Cの幅(W)10mm×奥行(D)50mm×厚さ(t)10mmの角棒状形状とし、厚さはt10mmの他にt5mm、t2mmの計３種類で検討した。結果を表１に示す。本発明による試作品M-Newの接線力は板厚10mmにおいて最も低い値を示したが、板厚2mmの場合、他のマグネットチャックのおよそ２倍の接線力を示した。 A lateral slip test (sliding direction: X axis) of the test piece was conducted using the prototype M-New according to the present invention and three conventional products. The test was performed by mounting a test piece on a line (b line) that crosses the center of the upper plate. The test piece was made of an iron material S50C and had a width (W) 10 mm × depth (D) 50 mm × thickness (t) 10 mm square bar shape. The thickness was t10 mm, t5 mm, and t2 mm, a total of three types were examined. .. The results are shown in Table 1. The tangential force of the prototype M-New according to the present invention showed the lowest value when the plate thickness was 10 mm, but when the plate thickness was 2 mm, the tangential force was about twice that of other magnet chucks.
１０ 保持装置
１００ 保持面
１２ 上部プレート
１２２ 磁性部材
１２２ａ 磁性部材区画
１２４ 非磁性部材
１４ 磁極固定プレート
１６ 下部プレート
１８ 磁極部材
１８ａ S極面
１８ｂ N極面
２０ 磁石
10 holding device 100 holding surface 12 upper plate 122 magnetic member 122a magnetic member section 124 non-magnetic member 14 magnetic pole fixing plate 16 lower plate 18 magnetic pole member 18a S pole surface 18b N pole surface 20 magnet
Claims (8)
第１の磁性体から成る磁性部材及び非磁性体から成る非磁性部材を、磁性部材が非磁性部材によって縦方向及び横方向に分断され、複数の磁性部材区画が縦横に複数列をなして形成され、かつ、非磁性部材が格子状になるように組み合わせて構成された上部プレートと、
第２の磁性体から成る下部プレートと、
磁石又は磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体から成る、複数個の磁極部材と、
前記複数個の磁極部材が固定され、上部プレートと下部プレートとの間に配置された磁極固定プレートと
を具備し、
磁極固定プレートにおいて、前記複数個の磁極部材は、磁極面を上下方向に向けた状態で、同一極の磁極面が互いに隣り合わないようにして互いに間隔をあけて縦横に複数列をなして配置され、
磁極固定プレートと上部プレートとが相対的に位置変換可能であり、当該位置変換により、磁極部材が非磁性部材の格子の交点の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して磁極部材のS極面及びN極面が同時に接続するオフ状態と、磁極部材が磁性部材区画の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して１つの磁極部材の磁極面が接続するオン状態とに変換可能であり、オン状態において磁極部材から発する磁力により被保持物が上部プレート上に保持される、保持装置。 A holding device for holding an object to be held at least partially made of a magnetic material by magnetic force,
A magnetic member made of a first magnetic body and a non-magnetic member made of a non-magnetic body are formed by dividing the magnetic member in the vertical and horizontal directions by the non-magnetic member, and by forming a plurality of magnetic member sections in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions. And an upper plate configured by combining the non-magnetic members to form a lattice ,
A lower plate made of a second magnetic material,
A plurality of magnetic pole members composed of a magnet or a third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet;
A plurality of magnetic pole members are fixed, and a magnetic pole fixing plate disposed between an upper plate and a lower plate,
In the magnetic pole fixing plate, the plurality of magnetic pole members are arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the magnetic pole surfaces of the same pole are not adjacent to each other while the magnetic pole surfaces are oriented in the vertical direction. Is
The position of the magnetic pole fixing plate and the upper plate can be relatively changed, and by this position conversion, the magnetic pole member is arranged below the intersection of the lattice of the non-magnetic member , and the S of the magnetic pole member is divided with respect to one magnetic member section. It can be converted into an off state where the pole surface and the N pole surface are connected at the same time, and an on state where the magnetic pole member is arranged under the magnetic member section and the magnetic pole surface of one magnetic pole member is connected to one magnetic member section. The holding device holds the object to be held on the upper plate by the magnetic force generated from the magnetic pole member in the ON state.
第１の磁性体から成る磁性部材及び非磁性体から成る非磁性部材を、磁性部材が非磁性部材によって縦方向及び横方向に分断され、複数の磁性部材区画が縦横に複数列をなして形成されるように組み合わせて構成された上部プレートと、 A magnetic member made of a first magnetic body and a non-magnetic member made of a non-magnetic body are formed by dividing the magnetic member in the vertical and horizontal directions by the non-magnetic member, and by forming a plurality of magnetic member sections in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions. An upper plate configured by combining as described above,
第２の磁性体から成る下部プレートと、 A lower plate made of a second magnetic material,
磁石又は磁石の同一極に挟み込まれた第３の磁性体から成る、複数個の磁極部材と、 A plurality of magnetic pole members composed of a magnet or a third magnetic body sandwiched between the same poles of the magnet;
前記複数個の磁極部材が固定され、上部プレートと下部プレートとの間に配置された磁極固定プレートと A magnetic pole fixing plate having the plurality of magnetic pole members fixed and arranged between an upper plate and a lower plate;
を具備し、Equipped with,
磁極固定プレートにおいて、前記複数個の磁極部材は、磁極面を上下方向に向けた状態で、同一極の磁極面が互いに隣り合わないようにして互いに間隔をあけて縦横に複数列をなして配置され、 In the magnetic pole fixing plate, the plurality of magnetic pole members are arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the magnetic pole surfaces of the same pole are not adjacent to each other while the magnetic pole surfaces are oriented in the vertical direction. Is
磁極固定プレートと上部プレートは、少なくともいずれか一方のプレートの回転移動により相対的に位置変換可能であり、当該位置変換により、磁極部材が非磁性部材部分の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して磁極部材のS極面及びN極面が同時に接続するオフ状態と、磁極部材が磁性部材区画の下部に配置され、１つの磁性部材区画に対して１つの磁極部材の磁極面が接続するオン状態とに変換可能であり、オン状態において磁極部材から発する磁力により被保持物が上部プレート上に保持される、保持装置。 The position of the magnetic pole fixing plate and the upper plate can be relatively changed by the rotational movement of at least one of the plates, and the magnetic pole member is arranged below the non-magnetic member portion by the position change, and one magnetic member section is formed. In contrast to the OFF state in which the S pole surface and the N pole surface of the magnetic pole member are simultaneously connected, the magnetic pole member is arranged below the magnetic member section, and the magnetic pole surface of one magnetic pole member is connected to one magnetic member section. A holding device capable of being converted into an ON state in which the object to be held is held on the upper plate by a magnetic force generated from the magnetic pole member in the ON state.
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| JP7084828B2 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-06-15 | 日本シイエムケイ株式会社 | Magnetic fixing jig and its manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB429199A (en) * | 1933-12-12 | 1935-05-27 | Neill James & Co Sheffield Ltd | Improvements in magnetic work holders |
| US2187240A (en) * | 1937-01-16 | 1940-01-16 | Karasick Samuel | Permanent magnet chuck and demagnetizer |
| FR1029480A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1953-06-03 | Advanced permanent magnet holder | |
| US2972485A (en) * | 1958-12-03 | 1961-02-21 | Gen Motors Corp | Magnetic chuck |
| US3665355A (en) * | 1969-11-19 | 1972-05-23 | Yamauchi Rubber Ind Co Ltd | Cover for protecting coatings of automobiles and the like |
| FR2137347B1 (en) * | 1971-05-13 | 1973-05-11 | Braillon P | |
| JPS6026898Y2 (en) * | 1980-09-04 | 1985-08-14 | 鐘通工業株式会社 | magnetic chuck |
| JPS6018272Y2 (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1985-06-03 | 株式会社井上ジャパックス研究所 | magnetic chuck |
| DE3271989D1 (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1986-08-21 | Inoue Japax Res | A magnetic retainer assembly |
| JPS58132009A (en) * | 1982-02-01 | 1983-08-06 | Chisso Corp | Production of polyethylene |
| FR2538288B1 (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1986-05-23 | Braillon Cie | MAGNETIC TRAY WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS |
| JPS6080833U (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-06-05 | フジ磁工株式会社 | Permanent magnetic chuck |
| GB2211355A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-06-28 | Holdings James Neill | Magnetic workholders |
| US5266914A (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1993-11-30 | The Herman Schmidt Company | Magnetic chuck assembly |
| JPH0966432A (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-11 | Toyo Jiki Kogyo Kk | Holder |
| JP3779586B2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2006-05-31 | カネテック株式会社 | Switchable permanent magnet chuck |
| JP4437676B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2010-03-24 | 津田駒工業株式会社 | Adsorption release device by residual magnetism of permanent electromagnetic magnet chuck and adsorption release method by residual magnetism of workpiece |
| JP5716232B2 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2015-05-13 | 株式会社サンアイ精機 | Holding device |
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| JP2017071043A (en) | 2017-04-13 |
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