JP6696505B2 - Reactor - Google Patents

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JP6696505B2
JP6696505B2 JP2017523660A JP2017523660A JP6696505B2 JP 6696505 B2 JP6696505 B2 JP 6696505B2 JP 2017523660 A JP2017523660 A JP 2017523660A JP 2017523660 A JP2017523660 A JP 2017523660A JP 6696505 B2 JP6696505 B2 JP 6696505B2
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main
reaction
temperature control
raw material
channel
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JPWO2016199791A1 (en
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明久 矢野
明久 矢野
辰哉 岡
辰哉 岡
鎌田　博之
博之 鎌田
茂樹 坂倉
茂樹 坂倉
信之 本間
信之 本間
佑介 武内
佑介 武内
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IHI Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • B01J12/007—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates
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    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
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    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
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    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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Description

本開示は、原料流体（反応流体）と熱媒体との間の熱交換によって、原料流体を反応させて、生成物（反応生成物）を生成するリアクタに関する。   The present disclosure relates to a reactor that reacts a raw material fluid (reaction fluid) and a heat medium by heat exchange to generate a product (reaction product).

例えば、水素製造プロセスに用いられるリアクタは、リアクタコアを具備している。リアクタコアは、メタンガスとスチームを含む原料流体を流通させる反応流路と、燃焼ガス等の熱媒体を流通させる温調流路（加熱流路）とを備えている。前述の構成において、リアクタコアに原料流体及び熱媒体を供給することにより、原料流体が反応流路内を流通し、熱媒体が温調流路内を流通する。すると、原料流体と熱媒体との間で熱交換が行われ、原料流体を反応（吸熱反応）させて、水素と一酸化炭素を含む生成物を生成することができる（非特許文献１参照）。上記リアクタに関しては、特許文献１に開示されている。   For example, a reactor used in a hydrogen production process has a reactor core. The reactor core includes a reaction flow passage through which a raw material fluid containing methane gas and steam flows, and a temperature control flow passage (heating flow passage) through which a heat medium such as combustion gas flows. In the above configuration, by supplying the raw material fluid and the heat medium to the reactor core, the raw material fluid circulates in the reaction channel and the heat medium circulates in the temperature control channel. Then, heat exchange is performed between the raw material fluid and the heat medium, and the raw material fluid is reacted (endothermic reaction) to generate a product containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide (see Non-Patent Document 1). .. The reactor is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

特表２００６−５０５３８７号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-505387

「石油精製プロセス」石油学会編、株式会社講談社、第３１４〜３１８頁、１９９８年５月２０日発行"Petroleum Refining Process" edited by Japan Petroleum Institute, Kodansha Co., Ltd., pages 314-318, published May 20, 1998.

ところで、生成物の温度が非常に高く、例えば、生成物の温度がメタルダスティングの温度域（４００〜７００℃程度）である滞留時間を短くする等の理由により、リアクタの外側において生成物Ｐを急冷する必要がある。そのために、リアクタの外側に配置されたクエンチングドラム（熱回収ボイラ）内の水（冷媒）と生成物との間の熱交換によって、原料流体の一部になるスチームを副次的に生成しつつ、生成物の熱を回収している。一方、クエンチングドラムによる生成物の熱回収量、換言すれば、リアクタの外側における生成物の熱回収量が増えると、リアクタ側に供給される熱媒体の熱エネルギー（投入エネルギー）が増大し、又スチームが余剰に生成されることになり、プラント全体のエネルギー効率が低下するという問題がある。   By the way, the temperature of the product P is very high, and for example, the product P is formed outside the reactor for the reason of shortening the residence time when the temperature of the product is in the temperature range of metal dusting (about 400 to 700 ° C.). Need to be quenched. Therefore, by heat exchange between the water (refrigerant) and the product in the quenching drum (heat recovery boiler) arranged outside the reactor, steam that is a part of the raw material fluid is secondarily generated. Meanwhile, the heat of the product is recovered. On the other hand, when the heat recovery amount of the product by the quenching drum, in other words, the heat recovery amount of the product outside the reactor increases, the heat energy (input energy) of the heat medium supplied to the reactor side increases, In addition, steam is excessively generated, and there is a problem that the energy efficiency of the entire plant is reduced.

なお、水素製造プロセスに用いられるリアクタだけではなく、その他のリアクタにおいても、前述と同様の問題が生じるものである。   The same problem as described above occurs not only in the reactor used for the hydrogen production process but also in other reactors.

そこで、本開示は、プラント全体のエネルギー効率を高めるのに有利なリアクタを提供することを目的とする。   Then, this indication aims at providing a reactor advantageous in raising the energy efficiency of the whole plant.

本開示の一態様に係るリアクタは、原料流体（反応流体）と熱媒体との間の熱交換によって、原料流体を反応させて、生成物（反応生成物）を生成するリアクタであって、原料流体を流通させるメイン反応流路と、メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体を流通させるメイン温調流路（加熱流路）とを有するメインリアクタコアと、出口側がメイン反応流路の入口側に連通しかつ原料流体を流通させるプレ反応流路と、入口側がメイン反応流路の出口側に連通しかつプレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体としての生成物を流通させるプレ温調流路（予熱流路）とを有するプレリアクタコアとを具備する。   A reactor according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a reactor that reacts a raw material fluid by heat exchange between a raw material fluid (reaction fluid) and a heat medium to generate a product (reaction product). A main reactor core having a main reaction channel for circulating a fluid and a main temperature control channel (heating channel) for circulating a heat medium along a flow direction of a raw material fluid in the main reaction channel, and an outlet side is a main A pre-reaction channel that communicates with the inlet side of the reaction channel and allows the raw material fluid to flow, and a heat medium that has an inlet side that communicates with the outlet side of the main reaction channel and that flows along the flow direction of the source fluid in the pre-reaction channel. And a pre-reactor core having a pre-temperature control flow path (preheating flow path) through which the product as described above flows.

なお、「入口側」とは、原料流体、生成物、又は熱媒体の流れ方向の入口側のことをいい、「出口側」とは、原料流体、生成物、又は熱媒体の流れ方向の出口側のことをいう。 Note that the "inlet side", the raw material fluid, product, or refers to a heat medium in the flow direction of the inlet side, the "outlet side", the raw material fluid, product, or of the heat medium in the flow direction outlet Refers to the side.

本開示の構成によると、プレリアクタコアに原料流体を供給することにより、原料流体がプレ反応流路内を経由してメイン反応流路内を流通する。また、メインリアクタコアに熱媒体を供給することにより、熱媒体がメイン温調流路内をメイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って（例えば、逆方向又は同方向に向かって）流通する。すると、原料流体と熱媒体との間で熱交換が行われ、原料流体を反応温度まで上げて反応させ、生成物を生成することができる。   According to the configuration of the present disclosure, by supplying the raw material fluid to the pre-reactor core, the raw material fluid circulates in the main reaction flow passage via the pre-reaction flow passage. Further, by supplying the heat medium to the main reactor core, the heat medium flows in the main temperature control passage along the flow direction of the raw material fluid in the main reaction passage (for example, in the opposite direction or the same direction). Circulate. Then, heat exchange is performed between the raw material fluid and the heat medium, and the raw material fluid can be heated to the reaction temperature and reacted to produce a product.

一方、前述のように、プレリアクタコアに供給された原料流体が、プレ反応流路内を流通する。また、メイン反応流路から導出された生成物が、プレ温調流路内をプレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って（例えば、逆方向又は同方向に向かって）流通する。すると、熱媒体としての生成物と原料流体との間で熱交換が行われ、プレリアクタコア内において原料流体を予熱しかつ生成物を冷却することができる。   On the other hand, as described above, the raw material fluid supplied to the pre-reactor core flows in the pre-reaction channel. In addition, the product derived from the main reaction channel flows in the pre-temperature control channel along the flow direction of the raw material fluid in the pre-reaction channel (for example, in the opposite direction or the same direction). Then, heat exchange is performed between the product as the heat medium and the raw material fluid, and the raw material fluid can be preheated and the product can be cooled in the pre-reactor core.

要するに、プレリアクタコア内において生成物を冷却できるため、リアクタによって生成物の熱を自己回収することができ、生成物の温度を低下させて、リアクタの外側における生成物の熱回収量が増えることを抑制することができる。   In short, since the product can be cooled in the pre-reactor core, the heat of the product can be self-recovered by the reactor, which lowers the temperature of the product and increases the heat recovery amount of the product outside the reactor. Can be suppressed.

本開示によれば、リアクタに供給される熱媒体の熱エネルギー（投入エネルギー）を低減し、又リアクタの外側においてスチームを余剰に生成することを回避して、プラント全体のエネルギー効率を高めることができる。   According to the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce the thermal energy (input energy) of the heat medium supplied to the reactor and to avoid excessive generation of steam outside the reactor to improve the energy efficiency of the entire plant. it can.

図１は、本開示の一実施形態に係るリアクタの模式的な正面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 図２は、図１におけるII-II線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 図３は、図１におけるIII-III線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 図４は、図１におけるIV-IV線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 図５は、図１におけるV-V線に沿った拡大断面図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 図６は、図５における矢視部VIの拡大図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the arrow VI in FIG. 図７は、図１におけるVII-VII線に沿った拡大断面図である。FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. 図８は、図７における矢視部VIIIの拡大図である。FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the arrow VIII in FIG. 7. 図９Ａは、一実施形態に係るリアクタのブロック図である。FIG. 9A is a block diagram of a reactor according to one embodiment. 図９Ｂは、他の実施形態に係るリアクタのブロック図である。FIG. 9B is a block diagram of a reactor according to another embodiment. 図１０Ａは、一実施形態に係るリアクタのブロック図である。FIG. 10A is a block diagram of a reactor according to an embodiment. 図１０Ｂは、他の実施形態に係るリアクタのブロック図である。FIG. 10B is a block diagram of a reactor according to another embodiment.

本開示の実施形態及び他の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present disclosure and other embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１に示すように、本実施形態に係るリアクタ１は、原料流体Ｍ（図２参照）と熱媒体ＨＣ（図３参照）との間の熱交換によって、原料流体Ｍを反応させて、生成物Ｐ（図２参照）を生成するものである。リアクタ１の具体的な構成を説明する前に、原料流体Ｍの反応について簡単に説明する。   As shown in FIG. 1, in the reactor 1 according to the present embodiment, the raw material fluid M is reacted and generated by heat exchange between the raw material fluid M (see FIG. 2) and the heat medium HC (see FIG. 3). The object P (see FIG. 2) is generated. Before describing the specific configuration of the reactor 1, the reaction of the raw material fluid M will be briefly described.

原料流体Ｍの反応の種類としては、原料流体Ｍの加熱による吸熱反応と、原料流体Ｍの冷却による発熱反応とがある。前者の反応（吸熱反応）の例としては、例えば、後記の化学式(1)に示すメタンのスチーム改質反応、後記の化学式(2)に示すメタンのドライリフォーミング反応等が挙げられる。   The types of reaction of the raw material fluid M include an endothermic reaction by heating the raw material fluid M and an exothermic reaction by cooling the raw material fluid M. Examples of the former reaction (endothermic reaction) include, for example, a steam reforming reaction of methane represented by the following chemical formula (1), a dry reforming reaction of methane represented by the following chemical formula (2), and the like.

ＣＨ４ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ → ３Ｈ２ ＋ ＣＯ ・・・化学式(1)
ＣＨ４ ＋ ＣＯ２ → ２Ｈ２ ＋ ２ＣＯ ・・・化学式(2)
後者の反応（発熱反応）の例としては、例えば、後記の化学式(3)に示すシフト反応、後記の化学式(4)に示すメタネーション反応、後記の化学式(5)に示すフィッシャー-トロプシュ（Fischer tropsch）合成反応等が挙げられる。CH 4 + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO ... Chemical formula (1)
CH 4 + CO 2 → 2H 2 + 2CO ... Chemical formula (2)
Examples of the latter reaction (exothermic reaction) include, for example, a shift reaction represented by the following chemical formula (3), a methanation reaction represented by the following chemical formula (4), and a Fischer-Tropsch (Fischer) represented by the following chemical formula (5). tropsch) synthetic reaction and the like.

ＣＯ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ → ＣＯ２ ＋ Ｈ２ ・・・化学式(3)
ＣＯ ＋ ３Ｈ２ → ＣＨ４ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ ・・・化学式(4)
（２ｎ＋１）Ｈ２ ＋ ｎＣＯ → ＣｎＨ２ｎ＋２ ＋ ｎＨ２Ｏ ・・・化学式(5)
なお、原料流体Ｍの反応は、メタンのスチーム改質反応等に限定されるものでなく、アセチル化反応、付加反応、アルキル化反応、脱アルキル化反応、水素脱アルキル化反応、還元性アルキル化反応、アミン化反応、芳香族化反応、アリール化反応、自熱式改質反応、カルボニル化反応、脱カルボニル化反応、還元性カルボニル化反応、カルボキシル化反応、還元性カルボキシル化反応、還元性カップリング反応、縮合反応、分解(クラッキング)反応、水素分解反応、環化反応、シクロオリゴマー化反応、脱ハロゲン化反応、二量体化反応、エポキシ化反応、エステル化反応、交換反応、ハロゲン化反応、水素ハロゲン化反応、同族体形成反応、水和反応、脱水反応、水素化反応、脱水素化反応、水素カルボキシル化反応、水素ホルミル化反応、水添分解反応、水素金属化反応、ヒドロシリル化反応、加水分解反応、水素化処理反応、異性体化反応、メチル化反応、脱メチル化反応、置換反応、ニトロ化反応、酸化反応、部分酸化反応、重合反応、還元反応、逆水性ガスシフト反応、スルホン化反応、短鎖重合反応、エステル交換反応、及び三量体化反応であっても構わない。CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 ... Chemical formula (3)
CO + 3H 2 → CH 4 + H 2 O ... Chemical formula (4)
(2n + 1) H 2 + nCO → C n H 2n + 2 + nH 2 O ... Chemical formula (5)
The reaction of the raw material fluid M is not limited to the steam reforming reaction of methane and the like, but may be acetylation reaction, addition reaction, alkylation reaction, dealkylation reaction, hydrogen dealkylation reaction, reductive alkylation. Reaction, amination reaction, aromatization reaction, arylation reaction, autothermal reforming reaction, carbonylation reaction, decarbonylation reaction, reductive carbonylation reaction, carboxylation reaction, reductive carboxylation reaction, reducing cup Ring reaction, condensation reaction, decomposition (cracking) reaction, hydrogenolysis reaction, cyclization reaction, cyclo-oligomerization reaction, dehalogenation reaction, dimerization reaction, epoxidation reaction, esterification reaction, exchange reaction, halogenation reaction , Hydrogen halogenation reaction, homolog formation reaction, hydration reaction, dehydration reaction, hydrogenation reaction, dehydrogenation reaction, hydrogen carboxylation reaction, hydrogen formylation reaction, hydrogenolysis reaction, hydrogen metallation reaction, hydrosilylation reaction , Hydrolysis reaction, hydrotreatment reaction, isomerization reaction, methylation reaction, demethylation reaction, substitution reaction, nitration reaction, oxidation reaction, partial oxidation reaction, polymerization reaction, reduction reaction, reverse water gas shift reaction, sulfone It may be a polymerization reaction, a short chain polymerization reaction, a transesterification reaction, or a trimerization reaction.

熱媒体ＨＣとしては、燃焼ガス等の高温ガス、水、油、冷媒等が用いられており、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類及び反応条件に応じて適切なものが選択される。具体的には、例えば、原料流体Ｍの反応がメタンのスチーム改質反応である場合には、燃焼ガス等の高温ガスが熱媒体ＨＣとして用いられる。原料流体Ｍの反応がメタンのドライリフォーミング反応である場合には、例えば、高温ガス等が熱媒体ＨＣとして用いられる。原料流体Ｍの反応がシフト反応である場合には、例えば、油、水（水蒸気を含む）、溶融塩等が熱媒体ＨＣとして選択され、原料流体Ｍの反応がメタネーション反応である場合には、例えば、油、水（水蒸気を含む）、溶融塩等が熱媒体ＨＣとして用いられる。原料流体Ｍの反応がフィッシャー−トロプシュ合成反応である場合には、例えば、水（水蒸気を含む）等が熱媒体ＨＣとして用いられる。   As the heat medium HC, a high temperature gas such as a combustion gas, water, oil, a refrigerant or the like is used, and an appropriate one is selected according to the type of reaction and reaction conditions of the raw material fluid M. Specifically, for example, when the reaction of the raw material fluid M is a steam reforming reaction of methane, a high temperature gas such as a combustion gas is used as the heat medium HC. When the reaction of the raw material fluid M is a dry reforming reaction of methane, for example, a high temperature gas or the like is used as the heat medium HC. When the reaction of the raw material fluid M is a shift reaction, for example, oil, water (including steam), molten salt or the like is selected as the heat medium HC, and when the reaction of the raw material fluid M is a methanation reaction. For example, oil, water (including steam), molten salt and the like are used as the heat medium HC. When the reaction of the raw material fluid M is the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, for example, water (including steam) or the like is used as the heat medium HC.

以下、リアクタ１の具体的な構成について説明する。また、図２においては、メイン触媒部材及びプレ触媒部材の図示を省略してある。図３においては、メインフィン及びプレフィンの図示を省略してある。図５においては、一部のメイン触媒部材及び一部のメインフィンのみを模式的に図示してある。図７においては、一部のプレ触媒部材及び一部のプレフィンのみを模式的に図示してある。図９Ａ及び図９Ｂには、原料流体の反応が吸熱反応である場合における運転中の温度状態が一例として示されている。図１０Ａ及び図１０Ｂには、原料流体の反応が発熱反応である場合における運転中の温度状態が一例として示されている。   Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the reactor 1 will be described. Further, in FIG. 2, the main catalyst member and the pre-catalyst member are not shown. In FIG. 3, the main fins and the pre-fins are not shown. In FIG. 5, only some of the main catalyst members and some of the main fins are schematically illustrated. In FIG. 7, only some pre-catalyst members and some pre-fins are schematically illustrated. 9A and 9B show, as an example, a temperature state during operation when the reaction of the raw material fluid is an endothermic reaction. 10A and 10B show, as an example, the temperature state during operation when the reaction of the raw material fluid is an exothermic reaction.

図１及び図５に示すように、リアクタ１は、原料流体Ｍを反応させて生成物Ｐを生成するメインリアクタコア３を具備している。メインリアクタコア３は、複数の支柱５を介して適宜箇所に設置されている。また、メインリアクタコア３は、原料流体Ｍの反応場を形成する（原料流体Ｍを反応させる）ための矩形板状の複数（多数）のメイン反応構造体（メイン反応部材）７と、矩形板状の複数（多数）のメイン温調構造体（メイン温調部材）９とを含む。メイン反応構造体７とメイン温調構造体９とは、上下方向（リアクタ１の高さ方向（Ｚ方向））に沿って交互に積層される。そして、各メイン反応構造体７及び各メイン温調構造体９の具体的な構成は、次のようになる。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the reactor 1 includes a main reactor core 3 that reacts the raw material fluid M to generate a product P. The main reactor core 3 is installed at an appropriate place via a plurality of columns 5. Further, the main reactor core 3 includes a plurality of (a plurality of) rectangular plate-shaped main reaction structures (main reaction members) 7 for forming a reaction field of the raw material fluid M (reacting the raw material fluid M), and a rectangular plate. A plurality of (a number of) main temperature control structures (main temperature control members) 9. The main reaction structure 7 and the main temperature control structure 9 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction (the height direction of the reactor 1 (Z direction)). The specific configurations of the main reaction structures 7 and the main temperature control structures 9 are as follows.

図２から図５に示すように、メイン反応構造体７は、ステンレス鋼等の鉄系の合金、又はインコネル６２５，インコネル６１７、Ｈａｙｎｅｓ ａｌｌｏｙ ２３０等のニッケル合金（耐熱合金の一例）により構成されている。また、メイン反応構造体７の片面（上面）には、左方向に向かって原料流体Ｍを流通させる複数のメイン反応流路１１が前後方向（リアクタ１の奥行方向（Ｘ方向））に等間隔に形成されている。各メイン反応流路１１は、左右方向（リアクタ１の幅方向（Ｙ方向））へ延びており、本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各メイン反応流路１１の流路長さ（左右方向の長さ）は、数１０ｃｍ程度に設定されている。各メイン反応流路１１の右端側は、原料流体Ｍの流れ方向の入口側（導入側）に相当する。各メイン反応流路１１の左端側は、原料流体Ｍ又は生成物Ｐの流れ方向の出口側（導出側）に相当し、かつ原料流体Ｍを導出するように開口されている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the main reaction structure 7 is made of an iron-based alloy such as stainless steel, or a nickel alloy (an example of a heat-resistant alloy) such as Inconel 625, Inconel 617, and Haynes alloy 230. There is. In addition, on one surface (upper surface) of the main reaction structure 7, a plurality of main reaction flow paths 11 that allow the raw material fluid M to flow leftward are equally spaced in the front-rear direction (depth direction of the reactor 1 (X direction)). Is formed in. Each main reaction channel 11 extends in the left-right direction (width direction (Y direction) of the reactor 1), and in the present embodiment, as an example, the channel length of each main reaction channel 11 (left-right direction) The length in the direction) is set to about several tens of cm. The right end side of each main reaction channel 11 corresponds to the inlet side (introduction side) in the flow direction of the raw material fluid M. The left end side of each main reaction channel 11 corresponds to the outlet side (outlet side) of the raw material fluid M or the product P in the flow direction, and is opened so as to lead out the raw material fluid M.

ここで、各メイン反応流路１１の断面形状は、矩形である。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各メイン反応流路１１の幅寸法は、２〜６０ｍｍに設定されており、各メイン反応流路１１の高さ寸法は、１〜１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、４〜８ｍｍに設定されている。   Here, the cross-sectional shape of each main reaction channel 11 is rectangular. In the present embodiment, as an example, the width dimension of each main reaction channel 11 is set to 2 to 60 mm, and the height dimension of each main reaction channel 11 is 1 to 10 mm, preferably, It is set to 4 to 8 mm.

メイン反応構造体７の正面（前面）の右端側には、原料流体Ｍを導入するための原料導入口１３が設けられている。また、メイン反応構造体７の片面の右端側には、原料導入口１３と複数のメイン反応流路１１の右端側（入口側）を連絡するメイン反応連絡流路１５が形成されている。メイン反応連絡流路１５は、前後方向へ延びている。   A raw material introduction port 13 for introducing the raw material fluid M is provided on the right end side of the front surface (front surface) of the main reaction structure 7. Further, on one side of the main reaction structure 7 on the right end side, a main reaction communication channel 15 is formed which connects the raw material introduction port 13 and the right end sides (inlet sides) of the plurality of main reaction channels 11. The main reaction communication channel 15 extends in the front-rear direction.

なお、メインリアクタコア３は、模式的に図示したものである。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、メイン反応構造体７の個数は、数１０個であり、各メイン反応構造体７におけるメイン反応流路１１の本数は、数１０本である。また、メイン反応連絡流路１５の個数は、メイン反応流路１１の個数に応じた個数に変更しても構わない。更に、リアクタ１の運転中におけるメイン反応流路１１内の最大圧力は、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類及び反応条件に応じて、０．０〜２０．０ＭＰａＧの範囲内の所定の圧力に設定されている。   In addition, the main reactor core 3 is schematically illustrated. In the present embodiment, as an example, the number of main reaction structures 7 is several tens, and the number of main reaction channels 11 in each main reaction structure 7 is several tens. Further, the number of main reaction communication channels 15 may be changed to a number according to the number of main reaction channels 11. Furthermore, the maximum pressure in the main reaction channel 11 during the operation of the reactor 1 is set to a predetermined pressure within the range of 0.0 to 20.0 MPaG according to the type of reaction of the raw material fluid M and the reaction conditions. ing.

メイン温調構造体９は、メイン反応構造体７と同じ材料により構成されている。また、メイン温調構造体９の片面には、メイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向に沿って（当該流れ方向と逆方向（対向流方向）である右方向に向かって）熱媒体ＨＣを流通させる複数のメイン温調流路（加熱流路）１７が前後方向に等間隔に形成されている。なお、メイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向に対する上記方向は、厳密な方向を意味するだけでなく、本実施形態の効果を奏することを条件として、ある程度の傾きを許容するものである。各メイン温調流路１７は、左右方向へ延びており、本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各メイン温調流路１７の流路長さ（左右方向の長さ）は、数１０ｃｍ程度に設定されている。各メイン温調流路１７の左端側は、熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向の入口側（導入側）に相当する。メイン温調流路１７の右端側は、熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向の出口側（導出側）に相当し、かつ熱媒体ＨＣを導出するように開口されている。   The main temperature control structure 9 is made of the same material as the main reaction structure 7. In addition, heat is applied to one surface of the main temperature control structure 9 along the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the main reaction channel 11 (to the right, which is the opposite direction (counterflow direction) to the flow direction). A plurality of main temperature control passages (heating passages) 17 for circulating the medium HC are formed at equal intervals in the front-rear direction. The above-mentioned direction with respect to the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the main reaction channel 11 not only means a strict direction but also allows a certain degree of inclination on condition that the effect of the present embodiment is exhibited. is there. Each main temperature control flow path 17 extends in the left-right direction, and in the present embodiment, as an example, the flow path length (horizontal direction length) of each main temperature control flow path 17 is several tens cm. It is set to a degree. The left end side of each main temperature control passage 17 corresponds to the inlet side (introduction side) in the flow direction of the heat medium HC. The right end side of the main temperature control passage 17 corresponds to the outlet side (outlet side) in the flow direction of the heat medium HC and is opened so as to lead out the heat medium HC.

ここで、各メイン温調流路１７の断面形状は、矩形である。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各メイン温調流路１７の幅寸法は、２〜６０ｍｍに設定されており、各メイン温調流路１７の高さ寸法は、１〜１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、４〜８ｍｍに設定されている。また、各メイン温調流路１７は、対応するメイン反応流路１１に上下に対向してある。   Here, the cross-sectional shape of each main temperature control flow path 17 is a rectangle. In the present embodiment, as an example, the width dimension of each main temperature control channel 17 is set to 2 to 60 mm, and the height dimension of each main temperature control channel 17 is 1 to 10 mm, preferably Is set to 4 to 8 mm. Further, each main temperature control flow path 17 is vertically opposed to the corresponding main reaction flow path 11.

メイン温調構造体９の正面（前面）の左端側には、熱媒体ＨＣを導入するための熱媒導入口１９が設けられている。また、メイン温調構造体９の片面の左端側には、熱媒導入口１９と複数のメイン温調流路１７の左端側（入口側）を連絡するメイン温調連絡流路２１が形成されており、このメイン温調連絡流路２１は、前後方向へ延びている。   A heat medium introduction port 19 for introducing the heat medium HC is provided on the left end side of the front surface (front surface) of the main temperature control structure 9. In addition, a main temperature control communication channel 21 that connects the heat medium inlet 19 and the left ends (inlet side) of the plurality of main temperature control channels 17 is formed on the left end side of one surface of the main temperature control structure 9. The main temperature control communication channel 21 extends in the front-rear direction.

なお、前述のように、メインリアクタコア３は、模式的に図示したものである。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、メイン温調構造体９の個数は、数１０個であり、各メイン温調構造体９におけるメイン温調流路１７の本数は、数１０本である。また、メイン温調連絡流路２１の個数は、メイン温調流路１７の個数に応じた個数に変更しても構わない。更に、リアクタ１の運転中におけるメイン温調流路１７内の最大圧力は、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類及び反応条件に応じて、０．０〜２０．０ＭＰａＧの範囲内の所定の圧力に設定されている。   In addition, as described above, the main reactor core 3 is schematically illustrated. In the present embodiment, as an example, the number of main temperature control structures 9 is several tens, and the number of main temperature control channels 17 in each main temperature control structure 9 is several tens. .. Further, the number of main temperature control communication channels 21 may be changed to a number according to the number of main temperature control channels 17. Further, the maximum pressure in the main temperature control passage 17 during the operation of the reactor 1 is set to a predetermined pressure within the range of 0.0 to 20.0 MPaG according to the type of reaction of the raw material fluid M and the reaction conditions. Has been done.

図５に示すように、最下部のメイン温調構造体９は、最下部のメイン温調構造体９以外の各メイン温調構造体９よりも厚肉になっている。最下部のメイン温調構造体９以外の各メイン温調構造体９は、メイン反応構造体７と同じ形状になっている。また、最上部のメイン温調構造体９には、複数のメイン温調流路１７を覆う矩形板状のメイン蓋構造体（メイン蓋部材）２３が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 5, the lowermost main temperature control structure 9 is thicker than the main temperature control structures 9 other than the lowermost main temperature control structure 9. Each of the main temperature control structures 9 other than the lowermost main temperature control structure 9 has the same shape as the main reaction structure 7. The uppermost main temperature control structure 9 is provided with a rectangular plate-shaped main cover structure (main cover member) 23 that covers the plurality of main temperature control channels 17.

図５及び図６に示すように、各メイン反応流路１１内には、原料流体Ｍの反応を促進する触媒を担持したメイン触媒部材２５が着脱可能に設けられている。また、各メイン触媒部材２５は、ステンレス鋼等により構成され、かつ左右方向へ延びており、各メイン触媒部材２５の断面は、一例として、波形状を呈している。ここで、触媒は、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類に応じて適宜に選択されるものである。例えば、原料流体Ｍの反応がメタンのスチーム改質反応である場合には、Ｎｉ（ニッケル）、Ｐｔ（白金）、Ｒｕ（ルテニウム）、Ｒｈ（ロジウム）、Ｐｄ（パラジウム）、Ｃｏ（コバルト）、レニウム（Ｒｅ）、イリジウム（Ｉｒ）の群から選択される１種又は複数種の金属が触媒として用いられる。なお、各メイン反応流路１１内にメイン触媒部材２５が着脱可能に設けられる代わりに、各メイン反応流路１１内に触媒が塗布（担持の一例）されるようにしても構わない。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a main catalyst member 25 carrying a catalyst for promoting the reaction of the raw material fluid M is detachably provided in each main reaction channel 11. Each main catalyst member 25 is made of stainless steel or the like and extends in the left-right direction, and the cross section of each main catalyst member 25 has, for example, a wavy shape. Here, the catalyst is appropriately selected according to the type of reaction of the raw material fluid M. For example, when the reaction of the raw material fluid M is a steam reforming reaction of methane, Ni (nickel), Pt (platinum), Ru (ruthenium), Rh (rhodium), Pd (palladium), Co (cobalt), One or more metals selected from the group of rhenium (Re) and iridium (Ir) are used as a catalyst. Instead of detachably mounting the main catalyst member 25 in each main reaction channel 11, a catalyst may be applied (an example of carrying) in each main reaction channel 11.

各メイン温調流路１７内には、一対のメインフィン（メインバッフル）２７が着脱可能に設けられており、一対のメインフィン２７は、上下に重ね合わされている。また、各メインフィン２７は、ステンレス鋼等により構成され、かつ左右方向へ延びており、各メインフィン２７の断面は、一例として、波形状を呈している。   A pair of main fins (main baffles) 27 are detachably provided in each main temperature control passage 17, and the pair of main fins 27 are vertically stacked. Each main fin 27 is made of stainless steel or the like and extends in the left-right direction, and the cross section of each main fin 27 has, for example, a wavy shape.

図１及び図７に示すように、メインリアクタコア３の左側（リアクタ１の幅方向の一方側）には、原料流体Ｍの一部を先立って反応させるプレリアクタコア２９が複数の支柱３１を介して設置されている。プレリアクタコア２９は、メインリアクタコア３に分離可能に一体化（接続）されている。なお、プレリアクタコア２９がメインリアクタコア３に一体化される代わりに、メインリアクタコア３に対して離隔させても構わない。この場合、プレリアクタコア２９とメインリアクタコア３とを分離する際、プレ反応流路３７の出口側とメイン反応流路１１の入口側とを接続する連絡部材を具備することで、プレリアクタ流路３７からメイン反応流路１１に原料流体を供給する。また、メイン反応流路１１の出口側とプレ温調流路４３の入口側を接続する連絡部材を具備することで、メイン反応流路１１からプレ温調流路４３に原料流体を供給する。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, on the left side of the main reactor core 3 (one side in the width direction of the reactor 1), a pre-reactor core 29 for reacting a part of the raw material fluid M in advance has a plurality of columns 31. Is installed through. The pre-reactor core 29 is separably integrated (connected) with the main reactor core 3. The pre-reactor core 29 may be separated from the main reactor core 3 instead of being integrated with the main reactor core 3. In this case, when the pre-reactor core 29 and the main reactor core 3 are separated, a connecting member that connects the outlet side of the pre-reaction channel 37 and the inlet side of the main reaction channel 11 is provided, so that the pre-reactor flow The raw material fluid is supplied to the main reaction channel 11 from the channel 37. Further, by providing a connecting member that connects the outlet side of the main reaction flow channel 11 and the inlet side of the pre-temperature control flow channel 43, the raw material fluid is supplied from the main reaction flow channel 11 to the pre-temperature control flow channel 43.

プレリアクタコア２９は、原料流体Ｍの反応場を形成するための矩形板状の複数（多数）のプレ反応構造体３３と、矩形板状の複数（多数）のプレ温調構造体３５とが上下方向に沿って交互に積層してなるものである。そして、各プレ反応構造体３３及び各プレ温調構造体３５の具体的な構成は、次のようになる。   The pre-reactor core 29 includes a plurality (a large number) of rectangular plate-shaped pre-reaction structures 33 for forming a reaction field of the raw material fluid M and a plurality (a large number) of rectangular plate-shaped pre-temperature control structures 35. It is formed by alternately stacking along the vertical direction. Then, the specific configuration of each pre-reaction structure 33 and each pre-temperature control structure 35 is as follows.

図２から図４、及び図７に示すように、プレ反応構造体３３は、メイン反応構造体７と同じ材料により構成されている。また、プレ反応構造体３３の片面（上面）には、右方向に向かって原料流体Ｍを流通させる複数のプレ反応流路３７が前後方向に等間隔に形成されている。各プレ反応流路３７は、左右方向（リアクタ１の幅方向）へ延びており、本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各プレ反応流路３７の流路長さ（左右方向の長さ）は、数１０ｃｍ程度に設定されている。各プレ反応流路３７の左端側は、原料流体Ｍの流れ方向の入口側（導入側）に相当し、かつ原料流体Ｍを導入するように開口されている。各プレ反応流路３７の右端側は、原料流体Ｍの流れ方向の出口側（導出側）に相当する。   As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 7, the pre-reaction structure 33 is made of the same material as the main reaction structure 7. Further, on one surface (upper surface) of the pre-reaction structure 33, a plurality of pre-reaction flow channels 37 that allow the raw material fluid M to flow rightward are formed at equal intervals in the front-rear direction. Each pre-reaction channel 37 extends in the left-right direction (width direction of the reactor 1), and in the present embodiment, as an example, the length of each pre-reaction channel 37 (length in the left-right direction). ) Is set to about several tens of cm. The left end side of each pre-reaction channel 37 corresponds to the inlet side (introduction side) of the raw material fluid M in the flow direction and is opened so as to introduce the raw material fluid M. The right end side of each pre-reaction channel 37 corresponds to the outlet side (outlet side) in the flow direction of the raw material fluid M.

ここで、各プレ反応流路３７の断面形状は、矩形である。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各プレ反応流路３７の幅寸法は、２〜６０ｍｍに設定され、各プレ反応流路３７の高さ寸法は、１〜１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、４〜８ｍｍに設定されている。   Here, the cross-sectional shape of each pre-reaction channel 37 is rectangular. In the present embodiment, as an example, the width dimension of each pre-reaction channel 37 is set to 2 to 60 mm, and the height dimension of each pre-reaction channel 37 is 1 to 10 mm, preferably 4 to. It is set to 8 mm.

プレ反応構造体３３の正面（前面）の右端側には、原料流体Ｍ（生成物Ｐを一部含む）を導出するための原料導出口３９が設けられている。また、プレ反応構造体３３の片面の右端側には、複数のプレ反応流路３７の右端側（出口側）と原料導出口３９を連絡するプレ反応連絡流路４１が形成されており、このプレ反応連絡流路４１は、前後方向へ延びている。   On the right end side of the front surface (front surface) of the pre-reaction structure 33, a raw material outlet 39 for leading out the raw material fluid M (including part of the product P) is provided. Further, on one side of the pre-reaction structure 33 on the right end side, a pre-reaction connection flow channel 41 that connects the right end side (outlet side) of the plurality of pre-reaction flow channels 37 and the raw material outlet 39 is formed. The pre-reaction communication channel 41 extends in the front-rear direction.

なお、プレリアクタコア２９は、模式的に図示したものである。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、プレ反応構造体３３の個数は、数１０個であり、各プレ反応構造体３３におけるプレ反応流路３７の本数は、数１０本である。また、プレ反応連絡流路４１の個数は、プレ反応流路３７の個数に応じた個数に変更しても構わない。更に、リアクタ１の運転中におけるプレ反応流路３７内の最大圧力は、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類及び反応条件に応じて、０．０〜２０．０ＭＰａＧの範囲内の所定の圧力に設定されている。   The pre-reactor core 29 is schematically shown. In the present embodiment, as an example, the number of pre-reaction structures 33 is several tens, and the number of pre-reaction channels 37 in each pre-reaction structure 33 is several tens. Further, the number of the pre-reaction communication channels 41 may be changed to the number corresponding to the number of the pre-reaction channels 37. Further, the maximum pressure in the pre-reaction flow path 37 during the operation of the reactor 1 is set to a predetermined pressure within the range of 0.0 to 20.0 MPaG according to the type of reaction of the raw material fluid M and the reaction conditions. ing.

プレ温調構造体３５は、メイン反応構造体７と同じ材料により構成されている。また、プレ温調構造体３５の片面（上面）には、プレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向の逆方向（対向流方向）である左方向に向かって熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐを流通させる複数のプレ温調流路４３が前後方向に等間隔に形成されている。各プレ温調流路４３は、左右方向へ延びており、本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各プレ温調流路４３の流路長さ（左右方向の長さ）は、数１０ｃｍ程度に設定されている。各プレ温調流路４３の右端側は、熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向の入口側（導入側）に相当し、かつ熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐを導出するように開口されている。各プレ温調流路４３の左端側は、熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向の出口側（導出側）に相当する。更に、各プレ温調流路４３の入口側（右端側）は、対応するメイン反応流路１１の出口側（左端側）に直結（直接的に連通）している。なお、プレリアクタコア２９をメインリアクタコア３に対して離隔させた場合には、各プレ温調流路４３の入口側が対応するメイン反応流路１１の出口側に連絡部材（図示省略）等を介して連通することになる。   The pre-temperature control structure 35 is made of the same material as the main reaction structure 7. Further, on one surface (upper surface) of the pre-temperature control structure 35, the heat medium HC is generated as a heat medium HC toward the left direction which is the opposite direction (counterflow direction) to the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the pre-reaction flow channel 37. A plurality of pre-temperature control channels 43 through which the product P flows is formed at equal intervals in the front-rear direction. Each pre-temperature control channel 43 extends in the left-right direction, and in the present embodiment, as an example, the channel length (horizontal direction length) of each pre-temperature control channel 43 is several tens cm. It is set to a degree. The right end side of each pre-temperature control channel 43 corresponds to the inlet side (introduction side) in the flow direction of the heat medium HC and is opened so as to lead out the product P as the heat medium HC. The left end side of each pre-temperature control channel 43 corresponds to the outlet side (outlet side) in the flow direction of the heat medium HC. Further, the inlet side (right end side) of each pre-temperature control flow channel 43 is directly connected (directly connected) to the corresponding outlet side (left end side) of the main reaction flow channel 11. When the pre-reactor core 29 is separated from the main reactor core 3, a connecting member (not shown) or the like is provided at the outlet side of the main reaction channel 11 to which the inlet side of each pre-temperature control channel 43 corresponds. It will be communicated through.

ここで、各プレ温調流路４３の断面形状は、矩形である。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、各プレ温調流路４３の幅寸法は、２〜６０ｍｍに設定されており、各プレ温調流路の高さ寸法は、１〜１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、４〜８ｍｍに設定されている。また、各プレ温調流路４３は、対応するプレ反応流路３７に上下に対向してある。   Here, the cross-sectional shape of each pre-temperature control channel 43 is rectangular. In the present embodiment, as an example, the width dimension of each pre-temperature control channel 43 is set to 2 to 60 mm, and the height dimension of each pre-temperature control channel is 1 to 10 mm, preferably It is set to 4 to 8 mm. Further, each pre-temperature control flow channel 43 vertically faces the corresponding pre-reaction flow channel 37.

プレ温調構造体３５の正面（前面）の左端側には、生成物Ｐを導出するための生成物導出口４５が設けられている。また、プレ温調構造体３５の片面の左端側には、複数のプレ温調流路４３の左端側（入口側）と生成物導出口４５を連絡するプレ温調連絡流路４７とが形成されている。プレ温調連絡流路４７は、前後方向へ延びている。   On the left end side of the front surface (front surface) of the pre-temperature control structure 35, a product lead-out port 45 for leading out the product P is provided. In addition, on one side of the pre-temperature control structure 35 on the left end side, a pre-temperature control communication channel 47 that connects the left end side (inlet side) of the plurality of pre-temperature control channels 43 and the product outlet 45 is formed. Has been done. The pre-temperature control communication channel 47 extends in the front-rear direction.

なお、前述のように、プレリアクタコア２９は、模式的に図示したものである。本実施形態にあっては、一例として、プレ温調構造体３５の個数は、数１０個であり、各プレ温調構造体３５におけるプレ温調流路４３の本数は、数１０本である。また、プレ温調連絡流路４７の個数は、プレ温調流路４３の個数に応じた個数に変更しても構わない。更に、リアクタ１の運転中におけるプレ温調流路４３内の最大圧力は、原料流体Ｍの反応の種類及び反応条件に応じて、０．０〜２０．０ＭＰａＧの範囲内の所定の圧力に設定されている。   Note that, as described above, the pre-reactor core 29 is schematically illustrated. In the present embodiment, as an example, the number of pre-temperature control structures 35 is several tens, and the number of pre-temperature control channels 43 in each pre-temperature control structure 35 is several tens. .. Further, the number of pre-temperature control communication channels 47 may be changed to a number corresponding to the number of pre-temperature control channels 43. Further, the maximum pressure in the pre-temperature control passage 43 during the operation of the reactor 1 is set to a predetermined pressure within the range of 0.0 to 20.0 MPaG according to the type of reaction of the raw material fluid M and the reaction conditions. Has been done.

図７に示すように、最下部のプレ温調構造体３５は、最下部のプレ温調構造体３５以外の各プレ温調構造体３５よりも厚肉になっている。最下部のプレ温調構造体３５以外の各プレ温調構造体３５は、プレ反応構造体３３と同じ形状になっている。また、最上部のプレ温調構造体３５には、複数のプレ温調流路４３を覆う矩形板状のプレ蓋構造体（プレ蓋部材）４９が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 7, the lowermost pre-temperature control structure 35 is thicker than each pre-temperature control structure 35 other than the lowermost pre-temperature control structure 35. Each of the pre-temperature control structures 35 other than the lowermost pre-temperature control structure 35 has the same shape as the pre-reaction structure 33. The uppermost pre-temperature control structure 35 is provided with a rectangular plate-shaped pre-cover structure (pre-cover member) 49 that covers the plurality of pre-temperature control channels 43.

図７及び図８に示すように、各プレ反応流路３７内には、原料流体Ｍの反応を促進する触媒を担持したプレ触媒部材５１が着脱可能に設けられている。また、各プレ触媒部材５１は、メイン触媒部材２５と同じ材料により構成され、かつ左右方向へ延びている。各プレ触媒部材５１の断面は、一例として、波形状を呈している。なお、各プレ反応流路３７内にプレ触媒部材５１が着脱可能に設けられる代わりに、各プレ反応流路３７内に触媒が塗布されるようにしても構わない。   As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a pre-catalyst member 51 carrying a catalyst that promotes the reaction of the raw material fluid M is detachably provided in each pre-reaction channel 37. Each pre-catalyst member 51 is made of the same material as the main catalyst member 25 and extends in the left-right direction. The cross section of each pre-catalyst member 51 has, for example, a wavy shape. Note that the catalyst may be applied in each pre-reaction flow channel 37 instead of the pre-catalyst member 51 being detachably provided in each pre-reaction flow channel 37.

各プレ温調流路４３内には、一対のプレフィン（プレフィンバッフル）５３が着脱可能に設けられている。一対のプレフィン５３は、上下に重ね合わされている。また、各プレフィン５３は、メインフィン２７と同じ材料により構成され、かつ左右方向へ延びている。各プレフィン５３の断面は、一例として、波形状を呈している。   A pair of pre-fins (pre-fin baffles) 53 is detachably provided in each pre-temperature control passage 43. The pair of pre-fins 53 are vertically stacked. Each pre-fin 53 is made of the same material as the main fin 27 and extends in the left-right direction. The cross-section of each pre-fin 53 has, for example, a wavy shape.

図１及び図２に示すように、プレリアクタコア２９の左側には、各プレ反応流路３７内に原料流体Ｍを導入するためのドーム状の第１原料導入チャンバ（中空状の原料導入部材の一例）５５が着脱可能に設けられている。第１原料導入チャンバ５５の内部は、各プレ反応流路３７に連通している。また、第１原料導入チャンバ５５の中央部には、第１原料供給ポート５７が設けられている。第１原料供給ポート５７は、原料流体Ｍを供給する原料供給源（図示省略）に接続されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the left side of the pre-reactor core 29, there is a dome-shaped first raw material introducing chamber (a hollow raw material introducing member) for introducing the raw material fluid M into each pre-reaction channel 37. An example) 55 is detachably provided. The inside of the first raw material introduction chamber 55 communicates with each pre-reaction flow channel 37. A first raw material supply port 57 is provided at the center of the first raw material introducing chamber 55. The first raw material supply port 57 is connected to a raw material supply source (not shown) that supplies the raw material fluid M.

プレリアクタコア２９の正面（前面）の右端側には、各原料導出口３９から導出した原料流体Ｍを集合して排出するための箱形の原料排出チャンバ（中空状の生成物排出部材の一例）５９が設けられている。また、原料排出チャンバ５９は、上下方向へ延びており、原料排出チャンバ５９の内部は、各原料導出口３９に連通している。更に、原料排出チャンバ５９の中央部には、原料排出ポート６１が設けられている。   On the right end side of the front surface (front surface) of the pre-reactor core 29, a box-shaped raw material discharge chamber (an example of a hollow product discharge member for collecting and discharging the raw material fluid M led out from each raw material outlet 39) ) 59 is provided. The raw material discharge chamber 59 extends in the vertical direction, and the inside of the raw material discharge chamber 59 communicates with each raw material outlet 39. Further, a raw material discharge port 61 is provided at the center of the raw material discharge chamber 59.

メインリアクタコア３の右側には、各メイン反応流路１１内に原料流体Ｍを導入するための箱形のメイン原料導入チャンバ（中空状の原料導入部材の一例）６３が設けられている。また、第２原料導入チャンバ６３は、上下方向へ延びており、第２原料導入チャンバ６３の内部は、各原料導入口１３に連通している。更に、第２原料導入チャンバ６３の中央部には、第２原料供給ポート６５が設けられている。そして、原料排出ポート６１と第２原料供給ポート６５の間には、各プレ反応流路３７の出口側と各メイン反応流路１１の入口側を原料排出チャンバ５９及び第２原料導入チャンバ６３を介して連絡（連通）する連絡部材６７が配設されている。   On the right side of the main reactor core 3, a box-shaped main raw material introducing chamber (an example of a hollow raw material introducing member) 63 for introducing the raw material fluid M into each main reaction channel 11 is provided. The second raw material introducing chamber 63 extends in the vertical direction, and the inside of the second raw material introducing chamber 63 communicates with each raw material introducing port 13. Further, a second raw material supply port 65 is provided at the center of the second raw material introducing chamber 63. Between the raw material discharge port 61 and the second raw material supply port 65, the raw material discharge chamber 59 and the second raw material introduction chamber 63 are provided at the outlet side of each pre-reaction channel 37 and the inlet side of each main reaction channel 11. A communication member 67 that communicates (communicates) with each other is provided.

プレリアクタコア２９の正面の右端側には、各生成物導出口４５から導出した生成物Ｐを集合して排出するための箱形の生成物排出チャンバ（中空状の生成物排出部材の一例）６９が設けられている。また、生成物排出チャンバ６９は、上下方向へ延びており、生成物排出チャンバ６９の内部は、各生成物導出口４５に連通している。更に、生成物排出チャンバ６９の中央部には、生成物排出ポート７１が設けられている。生成物排出ポート７１は、生成物Ｐに対して後処理等を行う別の処理器（図示省略）に接続されている。   A box-shaped product discharge chamber (an example of a hollow product discharge member) for collecting and discharging the products P led out from the product outlets 45 on the right end side of the front surface of the pre-reactor core 29. 69 is provided. The product discharge chamber 69 extends in the vertical direction, and the inside of the product discharge chamber 69 communicates with each product outlet port 45. Further, a product discharge port 71 is provided at the center of the product discharge chamber 69. The product discharge port 71 is connected to another processing device (not shown) that performs post-processing and the like on the product P.

図１及び図３に示すように、メインリアクタコア３の背面（後面）の左端側には、各熱媒導入口１９に熱媒体を導入するための箱形の熱媒導入チャンバ（中空状の熱媒導入部材の一例）７３が設けられている。また、熱媒導入チャンバ７３は、上下方向へ延びており、この熱媒導入チャンバ７３の内部は、各メイン温調流路１７に連通している。そして、熱媒導入チャンバ７３の上部には、熱媒供給ポート７５が設けられている。熱媒供給ポート７５は、熱媒体ＨＣを供給する熱媒供給源７７に供給配管７９を介して接続されている。更に、供給配管７９の途中には、熱媒調整バルブ等の熱媒調整器８１が配設されている。熱媒調整器８１は、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側の温度（生成物Ｐの温度）が目標温度になるように、各メイン温調流路１７に供給される熱媒体ＨＣの流量又は温度を調節するものである。なお、生成物Ｐが一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）を含まない場合には、熱媒調整器８１を省略しても構わない。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, on the left end side of the back surface (rear surface) of the main reactor core 3, a box-shaped heat medium introducing chamber (a hollow space) for introducing the heat medium into each heat medium introducing port 19 is provided. An example of a heat medium introducing member) 73 is provided. The heat medium introducing chamber 73 extends in the vertical direction, and the inside of the heat medium introducing chamber 73 communicates with each of the main temperature control passages 17. A heat medium supply port 75 is provided above the heat medium introducing chamber 73. The heat medium supply port 75 is connected to a heat medium supply source 77 that supplies the heat medium HC via a supply pipe 79. Further, a heat medium adjuster 81 such as a heat medium adjusting valve is arranged in the middle of the supply pipe 79. The heat medium adjuster 81 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium HC supplied to each main temperature control passage 17 so that the temperature on the outlet side of each main reaction passage 11 (the temperature of the product P) becomes the target temperature. It regulates the temperature. When the product P does not contain carbon monoxide (CO), the heat medium adjuster 81 may be omitted.

メインリアクタコア３の右側には、各メイン温調流路１７から導出した熱媒体ＨＣを集合して排出するためのドーム状の熱媒排出チャンバ（中空状の熱媒排出部材の一例）８３が着脱可能に設けられている。熱媒排出チャンバ８３の内部は、各メイン温調流路１７に連通している。また、熱媒排出チャンバ８３の中央部には、熱媒排出ポート８５が設けられている。熱媒排出ポート８５は、熱媒体ＨＣを回収する熱媒回収器（図示省略）に接続されている。   On the right side of the main reactor core 3, there is a dome-shaped heat medium discharge chamber (an example of a hollow heat medium discharge member) 83 for collecting and discharging the heat medium HC led out from each main temperature control passage 17. It is detachably installed. The inside of the heat medium discharge chamber 83 communicates with each main temperature control passage 17. A heat medium discharge port 85 is provided at the center of the heat medium discharge chamber 83. The heat medium discharge port 85 is connected to a heat medium collector (not shown) that collects the heat medium HC.

続いて、熱交換ステップと予熱交換ステップとを有する本実施形態に係る生成物生成方法を含めて、本実施形態の作用について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、リアクタ１による原料流体Ｍの反応を吸熱反応とする。   Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described, including the product production method according to the present embodiment including the heat exchange step and the preheat exchange step. For convenience of explanation, the reaction of the raw material fluid M by the reactor 1 is referred to as an endothermic reaction.

熱交換ステップ（メイン反応ステップ）
原料供給源から第１原料供給ポート５７を経由して第１原料導入チャンバ５５内（プレリアクタコア２９側）に原料流体Ｍを供給することにより、原料流体Ｍが各プレ反応流路３７内に導入される。各プレ反応流路３７内に導入された原料流体Ｍは、各プレ反応流路３７内を紙面右方向に向かって流通し、各原料導出口３９から原料排出チャンバ５９内へ導出する。続いて、原料排出チャンバ５９内へ導出された原料流体Ｍは、原料排出ポート６１、連絡部材６７、及び第２原料供給ポート６５を経由して、第２原料導入チャンバ６３内に供給される。Heat exchange step (main reaction step)
By supplying the raw material fluid M from the raw material supply source into the first raw material introduction chamber 55 (on the side of the pre-reactor core 29) via the first raw material supply port 57, the raw material fluid M is introduced into each pre-reaction flow channel 37. be introduced. The raw material fluid M introduced into each pre-reaction flow path 37 flows through each pre-reaction flow path 37 toward the right side of the drawing, and is discharged from each raw material discharge port 39 into the raw material discharge chamber 59. Subsequently, the raw material fluid M drawn into the raw material discharge chamber 59 is supplied into the second raw material introduction chamber 63 via the raw material discharge port 61, the connecting member 67, and the second raw material supply port 65.

第２原料導入チャンバ６３内に供給された原料流体Ｍは、各原料導入口１３から各メイン反応流路１１に導入され、各メイン反応流路１１内を紙面左方向に向かって流通する。換言すれば、第１原料導入チャンバ５５内に供給された原料流体Ｍは、各プレ反応流路３７内及び連絡部材６７等を経由して、各メイン反応流路１１内に導入され、各メイン反応流路１１内を紙面左方向に向かって流通する。また、熱媒供給源７７（リアクタ１の外部）から熱媒導入チャンバ７３内（メインリアクタコア３側）に熱媒体ＨＣを供給することにより、熱媒体ＨＣが各熱媒導入口１９から各メイン温調流路１７に導入され、各メイン温調流路１７内を紙面右方向に向かって流通する。すると、各メイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍと対応するメイン温調流路１７内の熱媒体ＨＣとの間で熱交換が行われ、原料流体Ｍを加熱することができる。これにより、各メイン触媒部材２５に担持された触媒の反応促進作用も相まって、原料流体Ｍを反応温度まで上げて反応（吸熱反応）させ、生成物Ｐを生成して、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側から導出することができる。なお、熱交換に寄与した熱媒体ＨＣは、各メイン温調流路１７の出口側から熱媒排出チャンバ８３内へ導出され、熱媒排出ポート８５からリアクタ１の外側の熱媒回収器へ排出される。   The raw material fluid M supplied into the second raw material introduction chamber 63 is introduced into each main reaction passage 11 from each raw material introduction port 13 and flows in each main reaction passage 11 toward the left side of the drawing. In other words, the raw material fluid M supplied into the first raw material introduction chamber 55 is introduced into each main reaction passage 11 via each pre-reaction passage 37, the connecting member 67, etc. It circulates in the reaction channel 11 toward the left side of the drawing. Further, by supplying the heat medium HC from the heat medium supply source 77 (outside the reactor 1) into the heat medium introducing chamber 73 (on the side of the main reactor core 3), the heat medium HC is supplied from each heat medium introducing port 19 to each main medium. It is introduced into the temperature control channels 17 and circulates in the respective main temperature control channels 17 toward the right side of the drawing. Then, heat exchange is performed between the raw material fluid M in each main reaction channel 11 and the corresponding heat medium HC in the main temperature control channel 17, and the raw material fluid M can be heated. As a result, the reaction promoting action of the catalyst carried by each main catalyst member 25 is also combined, and the raw material fluid M is raised to the reaction temperature and reacted (endothermic reaction) to generate the product P, and each main reaction flow passage 11 Can be derived from the exit side of. The heat medium HC that has contributed to the heat exchange is introduced into the heat medium discharge chamber 83 from the outlet side of each main temperature control passage 17, and is discharged from the heat medium discharge port 85 to the heat medium collector outside the reactor 1. To be done.

予熱交換ステップ（プレ反応ステップ）
一方、前述のように、第１原料導入チャンバ５５内に供給された原料流体Ｍは、各プレ反応流路３７内に導入され、各プレ反応流路３７内を紙面右方向に向かって流通する。また、各メイン反応流路１１から導出された生成物Ｐは、各プレ温調流路４３に導入され、各プレ温調流路４３内を紙面左方向に向かって流通する。すると、各プレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍと対応するプレ温調流路４３内の熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐとの間で熱交換が行われ、プレリアクタコア２９内において原料流体Ｍを予熱しかつ生成物Ｐを冷却することができる。これにより、各プレ触媒部材５１に担持された触媒の反応促進作用も相まって、原料流体Ｍの一部を先立って反応させると共に、生成物Ｐの温度を低下させることができる。Preheat exchange step (pre-reaction step)
On the other hand, as described above, the raw material fluid M supplied into the first raw material introduction chamber 55 is introduced into each pre-reaction flow channel 37 and flows in each pre-reaction flow channel 37 toward the right side of the drawing. .. In addition, the product P derived from each main reaction flow channel 11 is introduced into each pre-temperature control flow channel 43 and circulates in each pre-temperature control flow channel 43 toward the left side of the drawing. Then, heat exchange is performed between the raw material fluid M in each pre-reaction flow channel 37 and the corresponding product P as the heat medium HC in the pre-temperature control flow channel 43, and the raw material fluid in the pre-reactor core 29. It is possible to preheat M and cool the product P. As a result, the reaction promoting action of the catalyst carried by each pre-catalyst member 51 is also combined, so that a part of the raw material fluid M can be reacted in advance and the temperature of the product P can be lowered.

なお、熱交換に寄与した熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐは、各生成物導出口４５から生成物排出チャンバ６９内へ導出され、生成物排出ポート７１からリアクタ１の外側の別の処理器へ排出される。   The product P as the heat medium HC that has contributed to the heat exchange is led out from each product outlet 45 into the product discharge chamber 69, and from the product discharge port 71 to another processor outside the reactor 1. Is discharged.

ここで、リアクタ１の運転中の温度状態（原料流体Ｍ、生成物Ｐ、及び熱媒体ＨＣの温度状態）は、一例として、図９Ａに示すようになる。即ち、プレリアクタコア２９内において、原料流体Ｍが熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐとの熱交換によって３５０℃から６００℃まで昇温される。続いて、メインリアクタコア３内において、原料流体Ｍが熱媒体ＨＣとの熱交換によって反応（吸熱反応）して、８５０℃の生成物Ｐが生成される。なお、プレリアクタコア２９内における熱負荷（消費熱量）は、リアクタ１全体の熱負荷の３割に相当し、メインリアクタコア３内における熱負荷は、リアクタ１全体の熱負荷の７割に相当する。   Here, the temperature state during the operation of the reactor 1 (temperature states of the raw material fluid M, the product P, and the heat medium HC) is as shown in FIG. 9A as an example. That is, in the pre-reactor core 29, the raw material fluid M is heated from 350 ° C. to 600 ° C. by heat exchange with the product P as the heat medium HC. Then, in the main reactor core 3, the raw material fluid M reacts with the heat medium HC by heat exchange (endothermic reaction), and a product P at 850 ° C. is produced. The heat load (heat consumption amount) in the pre-reactor core 29 corresponds to 30% of the heat load of the entire reactor 1, and the heat load in the main reactor core 3 corresponds to 70% of the heat load of the entire reactor 1. To do.

また、各メイン反応流路１１及び各メイン温調流路１７の流路断面の少なくとも一辺は数ｍｍ程度になっており、各メイン反応流路１１及び各メイン温調流路１７の単位体積当たりの比表面積が大きくなっている。また、各一対のメインフィン２７によって各メイン温調流路１７内における熱媒体ＨＣの流れに乱流を発生させ、かつ各メイン温調流路１７内における伝熱面積を増やすことができる。これにより、各メイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍと対応するメイン温調流路１７内の熱媒体ＨＣとの間の熱交換性能（伝熱効率）を高めることができる。   Further, at least one side of the cross section of each of the main reaction flow channels 11 and each of the main temperature control flow channels 17 is about several mm, and each main reaction flow channel 11 and each of the main temperature control flow channels 17 has a unit volume. Has a large specific surface area. In addition, each pair of main fins 27 can generate a turbulent flow in the flow of the heat medium HC in each main temperature control passage 17, and increase the heat transfer area in each main temperature control passage 17. As a result, the heat exchange performance (heat transfer efficiency) between the raw material fluid M in each main reaction channel 11 and the corresponding heat medium HC in the main temperature control channel 17 can be improved.

同様に、各プレ反応流路３７及び各プレ温調流路４３の流路断面の少なくとも一辺は数ｍｍ程度になっており、各プレ反応流路３７及び各プレ温調流路４３の単位体積当たりの比表面積が大きくなっている。また、各一対のプレフィン５３によって各プレ温調流路４３内における熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐの流れに乱流を発生させ、かつ各プレ温調流路４３内における伝熱面積を増やすことができる。これにより、各プレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍと対応するプレ温調流路４３内の生成物Ｐとの間の熱交換性能を高めることができる。   Similarly, at least one side of the cross section of each pre-reaction flow path 37 and each pre-temperature control flow path 43 is about several mm, and each pre-reaction flow path 37 and each pre-temperature control flow path 43 has a unit volume. The specific surface area per hit is increasing. In addition, each pair of pre-fins 53 causes a turbulent flow in the flow of the product P as the heat medium HC in each pre-temperature control channel 43, and increases the heat transfer area in each pre-temperature control channel 43. You can Thereby, the heat exchange performance between the raw material fluid M in each pre-reaction channel 37 and the corresponding product P in the pre-temperature control channel 43 can be enhanced.

要するに、プレリアクタコア２９内において生成物Ｐを冷却できるため、リアクタ１によって生成物Ｐの熱を自己回収することができ、生成物Ｐの温度を低下させて、リアクタ１の外側における生成物Ｐの熱回収量が増えることを十分に抑制することができる。特に、各プレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍと対応するプレ温調流路４３内の生成物Ｐとの間の熱交換性能を高めることができるため、リアクタ１によって生成物Ｐの熱を短時間で自己回収することができる。   In short, since the product P can be cooled in the pre-reactor core 29, the heat of the product P can be self-recovered by the reactor 1, and the temperature of the product P can be lowered, so that the product P outside the reactor 1 can be reduced. It is possible to sufficiently suppress an increase in the amount of heat recovery of. In particular, the heat exchange performance between the raw material fluid M in each pre-reaction flow path 37 and the corresponding product P in the corresponding pre-temperature control flow path 43 can be enhanced, so that the heat of the product P is removed by the reactor 1. It can be self-collected in a short time.

前述の作用の他に、リアクタ１の運転中に、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側の温度を監視しながら、熱媒調整器８１によって各メイン温調流路１７に供給される熱媒体ＨＣの流量又は温度を調節する。これにより、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側の温度（生成物Ｐの温度）を目標温度（設定温度）にすることができる。   In addition to the operations described above, the heat medium HC supplied to each main temperature control passage 17 by the heat medium regulator 81 while monitoring the temperature of the outlet side of each main reaction passage 11 during the operation of the reactor 1. Adjust the flow rate or temperature of. As a result, the temperature on the outlet side of each main reaction channel 11 (the temperature of the product P) can be set to the target temperature (set temperature).

また、メインリアクタコア３がプレリアクタコア２９に分離可能になっているため、メイン触媒部材２５に担持した触媒が劣化等した場合に、メインリアクタコア３の左側からメイン触媒部材２５の交換を容易に行うことができる。また、プレフィン５３が損傷等した場合に、プレリアクタコア２９の右側からプレフィン５３の交換を容易に行うことができる。また、熱媒排出チャンバ８３がメインリアクタコア３の右側に対して着脱可能であるため、メインフィン２７が損傷等した場合に、メインリアクタコア３の右側からメインフィン２７の交換を容易に行うことができる。更に、第１原料導入チャンバ５５がプレリアクタコア２９の左側に対して着脱可能であるため、プレ触媒部材５１に担持した触媒が劣化等した場合に、プレリアクタコア２９の左側からプレ触媒部材５１の交換を容易に行うことができる。   Further, since the main reactor core 3 is separable into the pre-reactor core 29, it is easy to replace the main catalyst member 25 from the left side of the main reactor core 3 when the catalyst carried on the main catalyst member 25 deteriorates. Can be done. Further, when the pre-fin 53 is damaged, the pre-fin 53 can be easily replaced from the right side of the pre-reactor core 29. Further, since the heat medium discharge chamber 83 can be attached to and detached from the right side of the main reactor core 3, the main fin 27 can be easily replaced from the right side of the main reactor core 3 when the main fin 27 is damaged. You can Furthermore, since the first raw material introduction chamber 55 is attachable to and detachable from the left side of the pre-reactor core 29, when the catalyst carried on the pre-catalyst member 51 is deteriorated, the pre-catalyst member 51 is moved from the left side of the pre-reactor core 29. Can be easily replaced.

従って、本実施形態によれば、リアクタ１によって生成物Ｐの熱を短時間で自己回収し、リアクタ１の外側における生成物Ｐの熱回収量が増えることを十分に抑制できる。従って、メインリアクタコア３側、換言すれば、リアクタ１側に供給される熱媒体ＨＣの熱エネルギー（投入エネルギー）を低減し、又リアクタ１の外側においてスチームを余剰に生成することを回避して、プラント全体のエネルギー効率を高めることができる。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the heat of the product P is self-recovered by the reactor 1 in a short time, and the heat recovery amount of the product P outside the reactor 1 can be sufficiently suppressed from increasing. Therefore, the thermal energy (input energy) of the heat medium HC supplied to the main reactor core 3 side, in other words, the reactor 1 side is reduced, and excessive steam generation outside the reactor 1 is avoided. The energy efficiency of the entire plant can be increased.

また、各プレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍと対応するプレ温調流路４３内の熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐとの間の熱交換性能等を高めることができるため、原料流体Ｍの反応速度及び生成物Ｐの収率を向上させることができる。   Further, since the heat exchange performance between the raw material fluid M in each pre-reaction flow channel 37 and the corresponding product P as the heat medium HC in the corresponding pre-temperature control flow channel 43 can be enhanced, the raw material fluid M The reaction rate and the yield of the product P can be improved.

また、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側の温度を目標温度にすることができるため、生成物ＰがＣＯ（一酸化炭素）を含む場合であっても、生成物Ｐによる前記別の処理器等の関連設備（図示省略）のメタルダスティングを十分に防止することができる。   Further, since the temperature on the outlet side of each main reaction channel 11 can be set to the target temperature, even if the product P contains CO (carbon monoxide), the another processing device using the product P is different. It is possible to sufficiently prevent metal dusting of related equipment (not shown) such as.

また、メインリアクタコア３の左側からメイン触媒部材２５の交換及びプレリアクタコア２９の右側からプレフィン５３の交換等を容易に行うことができるため、リアクタ１のメンテナンス性を向上させることができる。   Further, since the main catalyst member 25 can be easily replaced from the left side of the main reactor core 3 and the pre-fins 53 can be easily replaced from the right side of the pre-reactor core 29, the maintainability of the reactor 1 can be improved.

なお、原料流体Ｍの反応が発熱反応である場合には、リアクタ１の運転中の温度状態は、一例として、図１０Ａに示すようになる。   When the reaction of the raw material fluid M is an exothermic reaction, the temperature state during operation of the reactor 1 is as shown in FIG. 10A as an example.

（他の実施形態）
図９Ｂに示すように、他の実施形態に係るリアクタ１Ａの構成のうち、前述の実施形態に係るリアクタ１（図１及び図９Ａ等参照）の構成と異なる点について簡単に説明する。(Other embodiments)
As shown in FIG. 9B, among the configurations of the reactor 1A according to another embodiment, differences from the configuration of the reactor 1 according to the above-described embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 9A, etc.) will be briefly described.

各プレ温調流路４３の入口側が対応するメイン反応流路１１の出口側に直結する代わりに、各プレ反応流路３７の出口側（右端側）は、対応するメイン反応流路１１の入口側（左端側）に直結してある。また、図１及び図９Ａ等に示す例では、リアクタ１が各プレ反応流路３７の出口側と各メイン反応流路１１の入口側を連絡する連絡部材６７を具備している。これに代わり、図９Ｂに示す例では、リアクタ１は、各メイン反応流路１１の出口側と各プレ温調流路４３の入口側とを連絡する連絡部材８７を具備している。更に、リアクタ１Ａの運転中に、各メイン反応流路１１から導出された生成物Ｐが、連絡部材８７を経由して各プレ温調流路４３内に導入されるようになっている。   Instead of the inlet side of each pre-temperature control channel 43 being directly connected to the outlet side of the corresponding main reaction channel 11, the outlet side (right end side) of each pre-reaction channel 37 is the inlet of the corresponding main reaction channel 11. It is directly connected to the side (left end side). Further, in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 9A, etc., the reactor 1 includes a connecting member 67 that connects the outlet side of each pre-reaction channel 37 and the inlet side of each main reaction channel 11. Instead of this, in the example shown in FIG. 9B, the reactor 1 includes a connecting member 87 that connects the outlet side of each main reaction channel 11 and the inlet side of each pre-temperature control channel 43. Further, during the operation of the reactor 1A, the product P led out from each main reaction flow passage 11 is introduced into each pre-temperature control flow passage 43 via the connecting member 87.

なお、図９Ｂには、原料流体Ｍの反応が吸熱反応である場合におけるリアクタ１Ａの運転中の温度状態が一例として示されている。また、原料流体Ｍの反応が発熱反応である場合には、リアクタ１Ａの運転中の温度状態は、一例として、図１０Ｂに示すようになる。
Note that FIG. 9B shows, as an example, the temperature state during operation of the reactor 1A when the reaction of the raw material fluid M is an endothermic reaction. When the reaction of the raw material fluid M is an exothermic reaction, the temperature state during operation of the reactor 1A is as shown in FIG. 10B as an example.

そして、他の実施形態においても、前述の実施形態と同様の作用及び効果を奏する。   And also in other embodiment, there exists an effect | action and effect similar to the above-mentioned embodiment.

なお、本開示は、前述の実施形態の説明に限るものでなく、例えば、次のように種々の態様で実施可能である。即ち、プレリアクタコア２９の個数を１つから複数に変更しても構わない。メイン温調流路１７内の熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向をメイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向と逆方向でなく、同方向に変更しても構わない。プレ温調流路４３内の熱媒体ＨＣとしての生成物Ｐの流れ方向をプレ反応流路３７内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向と逆方向でなく、同方向に変更しても構わない。以下にメイン温調流路１７内の熱媒体ＨＣの流れ方向をメイン反応流路１１内の原料流体Ｍの流れ方向とする場合を例示する。   It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the description of the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various aspects as follows, for example. That is, the number of pre-reactor cores 29 may be changed from one to a plurality. The flow direction of the heat medium HC in the main temperature control flow passage 17 may be changed to the same direction as the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the main reaction flow passage 11 instead of the opposite direction. The flow direction of the product P as the heat medium HC in the pre-temperature control channel 43 may be changed to the same direction as the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the pre-reaction channel 37, instead of the opposite direction. The case where the flow direction of the heat medium HC in the main temperature control flow path 17 is the flow direction of the raw material fluid M in the main reaction flow path 11 will be exemplified below.

例えば、メイン温調流路１７に生成物の生成反応が発熱反応である原料流体Ｍを供給する。一方、メイン反応流路１１に生成物の生成反応が吸熱反応である原料流体ＨＣを供給する。この場合、メイン温調流路１７を原料流体Ｍが進むに従って発熱反応が発生し、反応熱が生じる。この反応熱をメイン反応流路１１で生じさせる吸熱反応の熱源に用いることができる。これにより、熱の有効利用が可能である。   For example, the raw material fluid M in which the production reaction of the product is an exothermic reaction is supplied to the main temperature control passage 17. On the other hand, the raw material fluid HC whose end product reaction is an endothermic reaction is supplied to the main reaction channel 11. In this case, an exothermic reaction occurs as the raw material fluid M advances in the main temperature control passage 17, and reaction heat is generated. This reaction heat can be used as a heat source for an endothermic reaction generated in the main reaction flow passage 11. This enables effective use of heat.

また、例えば、メイン反応流路１１内で一定温度で原料流体Ｍを反応させる場合であって、触媒が失活しないように入口温度に保つよう、メイン温調流路１７に原料流体ＨＣとして冷媒を流通させる。これにより、触媒が失活しないように除熱をしながら流路内で反応させ続けることが可能である。   Further, for example, in the case of reacting the raw material fluid M at a constant temperature in the main reaction flow channel 11, a refrigerant is used as the raw material fluid HC in the main temperature control flow channel 17 so as to maintain the inlet temperature so as not to deactivate the catalyst. Distribute. As a result, it is possible to continue the reaction in the channel while removing heat so that the catalyst is not deactivated.

このように、本開示は、ここでは記載していない様々な実施の形態などを含むことは勿論である。したがって、本開示の技術的範囲は、上述の説明から妥当な特許請求の範囲に係る発明特定事項によってのみ定められる。

As described above, it goes without saying that the present disclosure includes various embodiments and the like not described here. Therefore, the technical scope of the present disclosure is defined only by the matters specifying the invention according to the scope of claims reasonable from the above description.

Claims (12)

原料流体と熱媒体との間の熱交換によって、原料流体を反応させて、生成物を生成するリアクタであって、
原料流体を流通させるメイン反応流路と、前記メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体を流通させるメイン温調流路とを有するメインリアクタコアと、
出口側が前記メイン反応流路の入口側に連通しかつ原料流体を流通させるプレ反応流路と、入口側が前記メイン反応流路の出口側に連通しかつ前記プレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体としての生成物を流通させるプレ温調流路とを有するプレリアクタコアと、
を具備し、
前記メインリアクタコアは、
前記メイン反応流路が形成されたメイン反応構造体と、
前記メイン反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記メイン温調流路が形成されたメイン温調構造体と、を備え、
前記プレリアクタコアは、
前記プレ反応流路が形成されたプレ反応構造体と、
前記プレ反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記プレ温調流路が形成されたプレ温調構造体と、を備え、
前記プレ温調流路の入口側は、前記メイン反応流路の出口側に直結している、リアクタ。 A reactor that reacts a raw material fluid by heat exchange between a raw material fluid and a heat medium to produce a product,
A main reactor core having a main reaction channel for circulating the raw material fluid, and a main temperature control channel for circulating the heat medium along the flow direction of the raw material fluid in the main reaction channel,
A pre-reaction channel having an outlet side communicating with the inlet side of the main reaction channel and allowing a raw material fluid to flow, and a flow of the source fluid communicating with the outlet side of the main reaction channel having an inlet side and in the pre-reaction channel A pre-reactor core having a pre-temperature control channel for circulating a product as a heat medium along the direction,
Equipped with,
The main reactor core is
A main reaction structure in which the main reaction channel is formed,
A main temperature control structure that is alternately laminated with the main reaction structure and in which the main temperature control flow path is formed,
The pre-reactor core is
A pre-reaction structure in which the pre-reaction channel is formed,
And a pre-temperature control structure in which the pre-temperature control channel is formed, which is alternately laminated with the pre-reaction structure .
A reactor in which an inlet side of the pre-temperature control channel is directly connected to an outlet side of the main reaction channel . 前記プレ反応流路の出口側と前記メイン反応流路の入口側とを接続する連絡部材を具備する、請求項１に記載のリアクタ。   The reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting member that connects an outlet side of the pre-reaction channel and an inlet side of the main reaction channel. 原料流体と熱媒体との間の熱交換によって、原料流体を反応させて、生成物を生成するリアクタであって、A reactor that reacts a raw material fluid by heat exchange between a raw material fluid and a heat medium to produce a product,
原料流体を流通させるメイン反応流路と、前記メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体を流通させるメイン温調流路とを有するメインリアクタコアと、A main reactor core having a main reaction channel for circulating the raw material fluid, and a main temperature control channel for circulating the heat medium along the flow direction of the raw material fluid in the main reaction channel,
出口側が前記メイン反応流路の入口側に連通しかつ原料流体を流通させるプレ反応流路と、入口側が前記メイン反応流路の出口側に連通しかつ前記プレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体としての生成物を流通させるプレ温調流路とを有するプレリアクタコアと、  A pre-reaction channel having an outlet side communicating with the inlet side of the main reaction channel and allowing a raw material fluid to flow, and a flow of the source fluid communicating with the outlet side of the main reaction channel having an inlet side and in the pre-reaction channel A pre-reactor core having a pre-temperature control channel for circulating a product as a heat medium along the direction,
を具備し、Equipped with,
前記メインリアクタコアは、The main reactor core is
前記メイン反応流路が形成されたメイン反応構造体と、A main reaction structure in which the main reaction channel is formed,
前記メイン反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記メイン温調流路が形成されたメイン温調構造体と、を備え、A main temperature control structure that is alternately laminated with the main reaction structure and in which the main temperature control flow path is formed,
前記プレリアクタコアは、The pre-reactor core is
前記プレ反応流路が形成されたプレ反応構造体と、A pre-reaction structure in which the pre-reaction channel is formed,
前記プレ反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記プレ温調流路が形成されたプレ温調構造体と、を備え、And a pre-temperature control structure in which the pre-temperature control channel is formed, which is alternately laminated with the pre-reaction structure.
前記プレ反応流路の出口側は、前記メイン反応流路の入口側に直結している、リアクタ。A reactor in which the outlet side of the pre-reaction channel is directly connected to the inlet side of the main reaction channel. 前記メイン反応流路の出口側と前記プレ温調流路の入口側とを接続する連絡部材を具備する、請求項３に記載のリアクタ。 The reactor according to claim 3 , further comprising a connecting member that connects an outlet side of the main reaction channel and an inlet side of the pre-temperature control channel. 前記メイン反応流路内及び前記プレ反応流路内に、原料流体の反応を促進する触媒がそれぞれ担持されている、請求項１から請求項４のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 The reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a catalyst that promotes a reaction of a raw material fluid is carried in each of the main reaction channel and the pre-reaction channel. 前記メイン反応流路内に、前記触媒を担持したメイン触媒部材が着脱可能に設けられ、
前記プレ反応流路内に、前記触媒を担持したプレ触媒部材が着脱可能に設けられている、請求項５に記載のリアクタ。 In the main reaction channel, a main catalyst member carrying the catalyst is detachably provided,
The reactor according to claim 5 , wherein a pre-catalyst member carrying the catalyst is detachably provided in the pre-reaction channel. 前記メイン温調流路内に、メインフィンが着脱可能に設けられ、
前記プレ温調流路内に、プレフィンが着脱可能に設けられている、請求項１から請求項６のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 A main fin is detachably provided in the main temperature control passage,
The reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein pre-fins are detachably provided in the pre-temperature control passage. 前記メイン温調流路に供給される熱媒体の流量又は温度を調節する熱媒調整器を具備する、請求項１から請求項７のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 The reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising a heat medium adjuster that adjusts a flow rate or a temperature of a heat medium supplied to the main temperature control passage. 前記プレリアクタコアは、前記メインリアクタコアに分離可能に一体化されている、請求項１から請求項８のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 The pre-reactor core, the are detachably integrated in the main reactor core, reactor as claimed in any one of claims 8. 前記メイン温調流路は、前記メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向と逆方向又は同方向に向かって熱媒体を流通させる、請求項１から請求項９のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 10. The main temperature control flow path allows a heat medium to flow in a direction opposite to or the same as a flow direction of a raw material fluid in the main reaction flow path, according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The described reactor. 前記プレ温調流路は、前記プレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向と逆方向又は同方向に向かって熱媒体としての生成物を流通させる、請求項１から請求項１０のうちのいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。 11. The pre-temperature control channel allows a product as a heat medium to flow in a direction opposite to or in the same direction as the flow direction of the raw material fluid in the pre-reaction channel, any one of claims 1 to 10. Or the reactor according to item 1. 前記プレリアクタコアは、原料流体が熱媒体として生成物との熱交換によって昇温される際、前記プレ温調流路において原料流体の一部を先立って反応させる、請求項１から請求項１１のうちいずれか１項に記載のリアクタ。
The pre-reactor core, when the raw material fluid is heated by heat exchange with the product as a heat medium, said in the pre-temperature control flow passage is reacted prior to a portion of the feedstock fluid, claims 1 to 11 The reactor according to any one of the items.
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