JP6677724B2 - Animal feed comprising two components and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an animal food and a method for producing the same , and more particularly, to an animal food comprising a plurality of elements including an outer element and an inner element that enhance digestibility and increase palatability, and a method for producing the same.

  Preferably, the animal food composition is a cat food composition.

Semi-moist animal food products are known in the prior art.

WO 2008/144234 discloses an extruded animal food product formed by extruding different elements. Extrusion for each individual element is required, and extrusion produces a different portion for each individual element.

EP 1 527 799 describes an animal food product having at least two phase-separated layers, wherein the lower base layer is formed from a solid foodstuff and the upper layer comprises a jelly formulation. The jelly preparation has embedded therein a solid meat piece obtained by joining the meat mixture. A composition of animal food consisting of an outer element completely surrounding the inner element has not been presented before.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,795,655 relates to an animal feed comprising two components, a base and a filling. The filling contains 30-40 weight percent water. Neither the base nor the filling contains potato flour and no grains.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,229,485 shows a dry-processed grain-based animal diet based on flour-containing and protein-containing materials coated with a coating made from liver and flour-containing materials. I have. Both the coating and the coated solid core are based on flour.

  Starting from said prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an animal feed with storage stability that increases digestibility and increases palatability.

This object is achieved by the technical features disclosed in the independent claims of the present invention.

The dependent claims advantageously develop the idea of the present invention.

Constituents of animal feed according to the present invention, two components, i.e., is composed of an outer element and inner element, an outer element and inner element completely surrounds the outer element comprises a potato flour, harder than the inner component . Further, said outer element has a potato flour content of at least 10% by weight.

The texture of the animal food according to the present invention can be determined, in particular, by using a “Kramer shear cell”. "Kramer shear cell" is a texture measurement method used for extruded food products, in which occlusal and mastication by several teeth are simulated respectively. Thus, the "Kramer shear cell" provides information on the occlusal properties, crunchability and mechanical strength of the formulation. During the measurement, 5 or 10 cutters / shear blades move at a constant speed through a given amount of sample material. At that time, the cutter / shear blade shears and extrudes the sample material. As a result, a cutting force required to cut the sample material is required. This cutting force is an indicator of the flexibility, toughness or mechanical strength of the sample material under investigation.

In another embodiment, the two-component animal feed according to the present invention is composed of two components, an outer component and an inner component, wherein the outer component preferably completely surrounds the inner component; Contains artificial grains and is harder than the inner element.

In the present invention, the pseudo-cereals include cereals, which are plant species not belonging to the Poaceae family. Pseudo-cereals include, for example, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat and the like.

In one preferred embodiment, the outer element of the animal food according to the invention preferably completely surrounds the inner element, the outer element consisting of tapioca starch.

In a further preferred embodiment, the outer element of the animal food according to the invention preferably completely surrounds the inner element, the outer element consisting of starch from vegetables and fruits.

In the present invention, vegetables and fruits include beans, peas, lentils, and tomatoes.

Preferably, the inner element also comprises potato flour. It is an advantage that the inner element also contains artificial grains.

More preferably, it is an advantage that the inner element also comprises tapioca starch.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the inner element also comprises starch from vegetables and fruits.

In one preferred embodiment, the animal food according to the invention is composed of two elements, an outer element and an inner element, the outer element completely surrounding the inner element. The outer element comprises potato flour and further comprises at least one component selected from fat, protein, or a combination thereof, and is harder than the inner element.

  In one advantageous embodiment, the animal food according to the invention is composed of two elements, an outer element and an inner element, the outer element completely surrounding the inner element. The outer element comprises potato flour and further comprises at least one ingredient selected from fat, protein, non-cereal carbohydrates, or a combination thereof, and is harder than the inner element.

More preferably, the outer element of the animal food according to the invention comprises 2 to 10% by weight of water, 8 to 15% by weight of fat, 15 to 25% by weight of carbohydrates (of which 25 to 25% by weight), based on the total weight of the outer element. -40% by weight of potato flour) and 30-45% by weight of protein. The inner element of the animal feed according to the invention comprises 2 to 5% by weight of water, 35 to 60% by weight of fat, 35 to 60% by weight of carbohydrates (of which 35 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the inner element). Potato flour), which is comprised of 0.1 to 10% by weight of protein.

In a combination of two elements, an outer element that is harder than the inner element and an inner element that is softer than the outer element, palatability compared to an animal food product consisting of only one element, since at least the outer element comprises potato flour. Increase.

  Potato flour has very good water binding properties. Surprisingly, the potato flour in the outer element and, in some cases, the inner element of the animal food according to the invention is less curable than, for example, corn starch or wheat starch, and therefore less than corn starch or wheat starch. An optimal starch gelatinization state with high viscosity is obtained. Therefore, the animal feed according to the present invention has a uniform structure and a fine pore density.

When heated with water, the starch particles swell to several times their original volume. This level of swelling varies depending on the type of starch. This swellability is also an indicator of the water binding capacity of starch.

For example, potato starch swells up to 1000 times its original volume. For example, tapioca starch swells up to 70 times its original volume.

Cereal starch is usually less swellable than potato starch and tapioca starch. Maize starch swells up to 24 times its original volume, and wheat starch swells up to 20 times its original volume.

The outer element is preferably harder than the inner element, more preferably a crisp texture, and its smooth structure preferably improves the mouthfeel of the animal consuming the bait according to the invention.

Furthermore, the acceptability of the potato flour-based animal food according to the present invention is higher than that of the cereal-based animal food.

In addition, animal feeds have good storage stability. Due to the unique water binding of the potato flour, the animal food according to the present invention is kept at a desired viscosity and aging hardly occurs.

Starch is a composition in which two components, amylose and amylopectin, are in different quantitative ratios. The structure of amylose is an unbranched chain of 100-1400 α-1,4-glycosidically linked D-glucose units having a molecular weight of 15,000-200,000 g / mol. Amylopectin is composed of α-1,4-glycosidically interconnected D-glucose monomers, wherein for each of about 15 to 30 D-glucose monomers, α-1,4 having about 15 to 25 D-glucose units. A 6-glycosidic side chain is added. Thereby, amylopectin becomes a dendritic structure. The molecular weight of amylopectin is 10-7,000,000 g / mol.

Amylose, a component of starch, is a major cause of starch aging. Potato starch contains 20% amylose and is thus, for example, less than two cereal starches, namely corn starch (27% amylose) and wheat starch (28% amylose). In contrast to amylose, amylopectin has little effect on starch aging.

Preferably, the outer element of the animal feed is free of cereal components.

More preferably, the inner element of the animal feed is free of cereal components.

In the present invention, the cereal component means a cereal component derived from Poaceae. In particular, "cereal component" means cereal protein.

Poaceae represents a plant group of grass species. All cereals such as wheat, rye, barley, oats, millet, corn, and rice are included in the Poaceae family.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the outer and / or inner components of the animal food according to the invention are free of cereal components such as cereal starch, shell parts and reproductive parts.

Preferably, the outer element of the animal feed is free of cereal components such as flour or corn.

More preferably, the outer and inner elements of the animal feed are free of cereal components such as flour.

Particularly preferably, the outer element and / or the inner element do not contain flour and / or corn

In one advantageous embodiment, at least the outer element is free of cereal components derived from Poaceae.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the outer and / or inner elements of the animal food according to the invention do not contain any cereal components derived from Poaceae.

It is an advantage that the outer and / or inner elements of the animal food according to the invention are free of cereal proteins.

  The advantage of using potato flour is that the animal feed according to the invention is gluten-free. Gluten is a general term for grain proteins. Cereal protein consists of two components, one of which is alcohol soluble. Gluten is found in cereal-based animal food products and, in the case of pets, is a representative factor in animal food allergies. The use of potato flour instead of cereals can prevent many animal food allergies. Since the animal feed according to the present invention has a unique composition and does not contain gluten, even a sensitive pet can be easily digested.

  Some species of cereal proteins such as wheat, spell, rye, barley or triticale are called gluten. Other cereal species such as corn, rice or millet are gluten-free.

Pseudocereals do not contain gluten.

  According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the animal bait is manufactured by co-extruding an inner element and an outer element.

Advantageously, co-extrusion of the inner and outer elements improves mouthfeel, thereby increasing the acceptability of the animal ingesting the food.

By using potato flour containing potato starch for the inner element, the uniform shape of the starch granules improves the mouthfeel of the two-element animal feed according to the invention.

The improved hydrolyzability of potato starch as compared to cereal-based products results in a more uniform and denser pore density and reduced fat transfer from the inner element to the outer element. As a result, both the organoleptic properties of the product and the acceptability of the animal consuming the food are advantageously improved.

Potato starch gelatinizes even at low temperatures of 56-66 ° C and is therefore better degraded than, for example, corn starch. Corn starch gelatinizes at a temperature of 75-80 ° C. Potato starch also gelatinizes at lower temperatures than wheat starch. Wheat starch gelatinizes at a temperature of 80-85 ° C.

For example, tapioca starch gelatinizes at 60-65 ° C, and thus gelatinizes at a lower temperature than, for example, corn starch and wheat starch.

Potato starch has a low content of α-amylase as a property of the gelatinizing agent and is therefore only slightly enzymatically degraded. This can be measured indirectly by simulation using an amylograph.

Among the organoleptic properties of the animal food according to the present invention, texture, appearance and taste are important.

Co-extrusion of the inner and outer elements facilitates the application of the product to the animal by the human hand. In one preferred embodiment, the inner element has a high fat content. By co-extruding the inner and outer elements, the inner element is completely surrounded by the outer element. As a result, leakage of fat and oily surface of the product due to leakage of fat can be prevented.

By co-extruding the inner and outer elements, the inner element is completely surrounded by the outer element. The air sealing effect by the outer element is realized, and as a result, the storage stability of the product is improved.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the inner element that is softer than the outer element is completely surrounded by the outer element that is harder than the inner element, so that leakage of the inner element that is softer than the outer element can be prevented. Therefore, simple packaging technology can be used.

Animal feed according to the invention can have a maximum dimension of 6 to 35 mm and a second maximum dimension of 5 to 25 mm.

Advantageously, the animal feed according to the invention has a weight per piece of 0.2 to 8 g, preferably 0.35 to 5 g.

Preferably, the outer component of the animal feed has a potato flour content of at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, and the inner component has a potato flour content of at least It is 40% by weight, preferably at least 45% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight.

Potato flour causes high satiety. The present invention can provide a food for an overweight pet. It is an advantage that the potato flour can reduce the intake by allowing the animal consuming the food to feel fuller more quickly.

More preferably, the content by weight of the outer element is at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, the content by weight of the inner element at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 20% by weight, More preferably, it is at least 25% by weight.

In another embodiment, the outer element of the animal feed has a pseudo-grain content of at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, and the inner element has a pseudo-grain content of Is at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 45% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight.

In one preferred embodiment, the outer element of the animal feed has a tapioca content of at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, and the inner element has a tapioca content of at least 50% by weight. , At least 40% by weight, preferably at least 45% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight.

In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total water content of the outer element of the animal feed is less than 18% by weight, preferably less than 15% by weight, more preferably less than 12% by weight, more preferably less than 12% by weight. is there.

Preferably, the outer element of the present invention further comprises at least one component selected from fat, protein or a combination thereof. Due to the unique water binding properties, excellent swelling and gelatinization properties of the potato flour contained in the outer element, the outer element has a fine and smooth structure. In this configuration, the outer element is more crisp than the inner element, and the inner element is creamier than the outer element.

The inner element of the animal feed of the present invention contains a mixture of lipids and solid components. With the solid components, the lipids form a matrix, but the inner element where the matrix is formed is softer than the outer element. It is an advantage that the inner element, which is softer than the outer element, is formed without the addition of water and thus has a minimal water content and a very low water activity. Thus, the inner element does not require strict sterilization measures or antimicrobial and / or antifungal treatment for stabilization.

The inner element that is softer than the outer element of the animal feed according to the present invention has a water activity Aw of advantageously less than 0.7, preferably less than 0.6, more preferably less than 0.5. is there.

Preferably, the inner element that is softer than the outer element has a water activity Aw of less than 0.4, preferably less than 0.3, more preferably less than 0.2.

The mixture of the lipid and the solid component contained in the inner element softer than the outer element of the animal feed of the present invention is a lipid containing a saturated or unsaturated, long or medium chain mono-, di- or tri-acylglycerol. Is an advantageous point.

Advantageously, the lipid content of the inner element which is softer than the outer element of the animal food according to the invention is greater than 35% by weight, more advantageously greater than 40% by weight, particularly preferably greater than 50% by weight. is there.

Thus, the inner element forms a creamy texture without the addition of water.

In one preferred embodiment, the inner element of the animal food of the present invention further comprises a component selected from fats, proteins and combinations thereof.

In another aspect of the present invention, the inner element of the animal feed softer than the outer element further comprises at least one additional component selected from nutritional or non-nutritive compounds, functional compounds, pharmaceutical compounds and mixtures thereof. Thus, the present invention can function as a supply system for various nutrients, non-nutritive substances, functional and / or pharmaceutical compounds. These additives are ingredients that improve the skin or fur properties of the animal ingesting the feed, said additives acting as anti-inflammatory effects, improving the smell of breath, enhancing the immune response, or parasitizing. Can fight insects and / or microorganisms. Representative of these functional ingredients are, for example, curcumin, rosemary oil, parsley seed oil, evening primrose oil.

In particular, the invention makes it possible to add heat, light and oxygen sensitive components to the inner element, since the inner element is completely surrounded by the outer element and the functional components are sufficiently protected from heat, light and oxygen. it can.

It is an advantage that the nutritional compound in the inner element of the animal feed can be selected from minerals, vitamins and mixtures thereof. Therefore, it is possible to supply important nutrients to the body, for example, to assist metabolism and improve the living conditions of animals that consume food.

Preferably, the non-nutritive compounds contained in the inner element of the animal feed were selected from plant compounds, plant extracts and mixtures thereof. The non-nutritive compound can preferably include cellulose fibers. Such compounds and extracts can, for example, serve an anti-inflammatory effect.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner element, which is softer than the outer element according to the invention, further comprises at least one additional component selected from antioxidant components, anti-inflammatory components, prebiotics and / or probiotics. Including. The antioxidant component reduces oxidative stress in animals that consume each diet, for example, cats. For example, prebiotics and probiotics, such as inulin or fructooligosaccharides, support the functioning of the intestinal flora, thereby increasing the digestibility of the animal food according to the invention and the living conditions of the animal consuming the food. And health is improved.

  In one preferred embodiment, the animal food according to the present invention is manufactured by co-extruding an inner element and an outer element.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an animal food according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of an animal food according to the present invention. "1" indicates an outer element that is harder than the inner element of the animal food, which surrounds an inner element "2" that is softer than the outer element of the animal food.

  The following three examples should not be taken as limiting the invention.

The animal feed according to the present invention comprises the components of Table 1.

The following examples visualize the increase in acceptability and palatability of animal feed according to the present invention.

The performance and preference of the potato flour-based animal feed according to the present invention was investigated by comparing cats (n = 20) of different age groups (age: 1-9) with equivalent grain-based products. did. Test methods for determining performance and preference are well known to those skilled in the art of animal nutrition.

In the animal food preference test, 85% of the cats preferred the animal food according to the present invention, wherein said animal food was based on potato flour in both the outer and inner elements, FIG. 1 and FIG. As shown, the outer element 1 forms a coating around the inner element 2. On the other hand, 15% of cats preferred cereal-based conventional animal foods more.

In the following examples, it was tested whether cats prefer the animal feed according to the invention without cereal components compared to the animal feed with cereal.

The performance and preference of the potato flour-based animal feed according to the present invention was investigated by comparing cats (n = 20) of different age groups (age: 1-9) with equivalent grain-based products. did. Test methods for determining performance and preference are well known to those skilled in the art of animal nutrition.

In a preference test, 60% of cats preferred the animal food according to the present invention, which animal food was based on potato flour, both outer and inner elements, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In addition, the outer element 1 forms a coating around the inner element 2. On the other hand, 40% of cats preferred the cereal-based conventional animal diet.

1. Outer element of animal food 2 Inner element of animal food

Claims (19)

An animal feed comprising two elements, an outer element and an inner element, wherein the outer element completely surrounds the inner element, wherein the outer element is selected from potato flour and further fat, protein or a combination thereof. The at least one component, and is harder than the inner element ,
An animal diet , wherein the outer element has a potato flour content of at least 10% by weight . The animal food according to claim 1, wherein the inner element comprises potato flour. The animal food according to claim 1, wherein the outer element does not include a cereal component. The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner element does not include a cereal component. The animal feed has a three-dimensional shape having a length and a width and thickness, wherein the length and width and thickness maximum dimension 9~35mm among, its subsequent size dimensions 7 The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the animal food has a length of 25 mm. The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the weight of each animal is 0.2 to 8 g. The potato flour content of the outer element is at least 30% by weight, potato flour content of the inner element, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least 40 wt% Animal feed. The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the content of the outer element is at least 40% by weight, and the content of the inner element is at least 10% by weight. . The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the outer element has a total water content of less than 18% by weight . Animal feed according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inner element contains a mixture of lipids and solid components. The veterinary animal according to claim 10 , wherein the mixture of lipids and solid components contains lipids containing saturated or unsaturated, long or medium chain mono-, di- or tri-acylglycerols. feed The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the water activity Aw of the inner element is less than 0.4 . Animal feed according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lipid content of the inner element is greater than 35% by weight . The animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the inner element further contains a component selected from fat, protein and a combination thereof. It said inner element, nutritional or non-nutritional compounds, functional compounds, characterized by further contain additional ingredients pharmaceutical compounds and selected mixtures thereof, according to any one of claims 1 to 14 Animal feed. Animal feed according to claim 15 , characterized in that the nutritional compound is selected from minerals, vitamins and mixtures thereof. Animal feed according to claim 15 , characterized in that the non-nutritive compound is selected from plant compounds, plant extracts and mixtures thereof. 18. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inner element further comprises an additional component selected from antioxidant components, anti-inflammatory components, prebiotics and / or probiotics. Animal feed as described. 19. The method for producing animal food according to any one of claims 1 to 18 , wherein the animal food is produced by co-extrusion of the inner element into the outer element. A method for producing animal food .