JP6674848B2 - Reaming drilling method and reaming drilling device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reaming excavation method and a reaming excavation device in a raise boring method, and for example, relates to a technique for preventing a support member supporting a reaming bit from receiving an excessive load during a reaming excavation and being damaged. .

  The raise boring method, which is representative of the pilot reaming excavation method, is unmanned and can be remotely operated, has high safety, and is capable of high-speed processing compared to other excavation methods. It has been adopted in excavation work to form various shafts and shafts, such as a shaft for tunnels and headraces or a ventilation shaft for tunnels.

  The raise boring method is, for example, as follows. First, after the drill unit is installed on the ground surface, a small-diameter pilot hole is drilled by moving a drill rod having a pilot bit attached to the tip thereof while rotating the drill unit from the drill unit toward the lower tunnel. Subsequently, after a large-diameter reaming bit is attached to the tip of the drill rod in place of the pilot bit in the lower tunnel, the pilot hole is expanded by rotating and rotating the reaming bit to form a reaming pit.

  The raise boring method is described, for example, in Patent Document 1. The rock property around the pilot hole is evaluated based on excavation data acquired at the time of excavation of the pilot hole, and reaming is performed based on the rock property. A technique for setting excavation conditions is disclosed.

JP-A-10-2179

  By the way, in the excavation work using the raise boring method, once the excavation work is started, it may be difficult to repair or replace the excavator. Therefore, during excavation, local load, eccentric load or excessive torsional load, etc. are prevented from acting on the reaming bit, rod, joint, etc., thereby preventing damage and destruction of the excavator and ensuring stable excavation performance. It is required to demonstrate

  However, there are various cracks (fissures), cavities, crush zones, etc. (hereinafter referred to as cracks) with different formation times and origins in the rocks where excavation work is performed. During the reaming excavation, for example, a problem may occur in which the rod breaks due to the bending moment repeatedly applied to the rod supporting the reaming bit due to an eccentric load applied to the reaming bit, and the reaming bit falls. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and an object of the present invention is to prevent a support member supporting a reaming bit from being damaged and broken by an excessive load during excavation of a reaming pit. The purpose is to provide a technology that can be prevented.

  In order to solve the above problem, a reaming excavation method according to the present invention according to claim 1 is a reaming excavation method in which after the pilot hole is excavated, the pilot hole is expanded with a reaming bit. Based on the relationship between the strain value measured by the strain measuring means installed in the member and a predetermined strain management value, controlling the excavation conditions of the reaming bit so that the support member is not damaged. Features.

  Further, in the present invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, when the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is larger than the management value, the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is The thrust, the torque or both of the excavation conditions are controlled so as to be equal to or less than the management value.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, a first determining step of determining whether a strain value measured by the strain measuring means is larger than the control value. And, in the first determining step, when the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is larger than the management value, reducing the thrust for the reaming bit.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the invention, when the strain value measured by the strain measuring means in the first determination step is smaller than the management value, the reaming bit is set. A second determination step of determining whether a torque value of the reaming bit is within a predetermined range, and, in the second determination step, when the torque value of the reaming bit is within the predetermined range, Maintaining the thrust for the reaming bit in the second determining step, if the torque value of the reaming bit is smaller than the predetermined range, increasing the thrust for the reaming bit; and , When the torque value of the reaming bit is larger than the predetermined range, And having the steps of: lowering the thrust against Ngubitto.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, after reducing the thrust for the reaming bit, the thrust of the reaming bit is smaller than a predetermined lower limit management value. A third determining step of determining whether the torque value of the reaming bit is larger than a predetermined upper limit management value; and a thrust of the reaming bit is determined in advance in the third determining step. If the torque value of the reaming bit is larger than a predetermined upper limit management value, the rotation speed of the reaming bit is set to a predetermined rotation speed management value. Lowering than the above.

  Also, the reaming excavator of the present invention according to claim 6, a reaming bit for excavating the ground between the ground surface and a tunnel below, a drive main body installed on the ground surface and driving the reaming bit, The drive body and the reaming bit are connected, a support member that supports the reaming bit, a strain measurement unit that is installed in the support member and measures a strain of the support member, and is installed on the ground surface side, Based on the relationship between the strain value obtained by the strain measurement means and a predetermined control value, a judgment means for judging whether or not an excessive load acts on the support member to cause damage, and the judgment means A warning means connected to the support member for notifying that an excessive load is acting on the support member based on an instruction from the determination means.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the sixth aspect, the determination unit determines that the support member is damaged when a strain value obtained by the strain measurement unit is larger than the management value. It is characterized in that it is determined to occur, and the warning means is instructed to notify it.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to prevent that the support member which supports a reaming bit during excavation of a reaming pit is damaged.

It is a schematic structure figure of an example of a reaming machine concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of an example of a drill unit of the reaming machine of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a side view of an example of a reaming bit of the reaming machine of FIG. 1. It is a top view of the upper surface (digging surface) of the reaming bit of FIG. (A) is a side view of a reaming bit and a support member showing an example of an arrangement position of a strain gauge, and (b) is an enlarged perspective view of the support member showing an example of an installation position of the strain gauge. It is a lineblock diagram of an example of an electrical connection relation of a strain gauge. It is a lineblock diagram of an example of a strain measurement system. It is a flow figure of an example of the reaming excavation method concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10A is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step as viewed from the side, and FIG. 10B is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step following FIG. FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation process viewed from the side following FIG. 9B, and FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation process viewed from the side following FIG. FIG. 10B is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step, viewed from the side, following FIG. 10B, and FIG. 11B is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step, viewed from the side, following FIG. FIG. 11B is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step, viewed from the side, following FIG. 11B, and FIG. 12B is an explanatory view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation step, viewed from the side, following FIG. It is a flowchart of the excavation method of the reaming pit of FIG. 12 (a), (b).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings for describing the embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals in principle, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

  First, a configuration example of a reaming machine according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a reaming machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view of an example of a drill unit of the reaming machine of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an example of a reaming bit of the reaming machine of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the upper surface (digging surface) of the reaming bit of FIG.

  The reaming machine 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a reaming excavator used for excavating a reaming pit H that connects a lower horizontal tunnel LH formed on the ground G and the ground surface S, and includes a drill unit (drive body). 2), a reaming bit 3 and a support member 4. Here, for the sake of simplicity, a shaft is exemplified as the shaft H, but the shaft is not limited to this, and the shaft H can be applied to excavation of an inclined shaft. The arrow A1 in FIG. 1 indicates the direction of excavation by the reaming bit 3.

  The drill unit 2 of the reaming machine 1 is a drive main body that drives the reaming bit 3 in the vertical direction (axial direction) and the rotation direction. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of thrust cylinders 2b, 2b are installed on a base 2a of the drill unit 2. A drill head 2d is mechanically connected to each piston rod 2c, 2c of the pair of thrust cylinders 2b, 2b via a guide rod (not shown). When the rods 2c, 2c move up and down, the drill head 2d moves up and down. A hydraulic motor 2e is provided above the drill head 2d. A drill rod 4r constituting the support member 4 is connected to the hydraulic motor 2e via a spindle 2f so as to be rotatable in forward and reverse directions about an axis.

  The reaming bit 3 of the reaming machine 1 is a digging member for digging the ground G, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of portions (bottom segments 3a, The base head 3b, the plurality of side segments 3c, the plurality of support members 3d, etc.) are connected in such a manner that they can be disassembled. Although not particularly limited, the diameter R (see FIG. 4) of the reaming bit 3 is, for example, 4750 mm, and the total weight is, for example, 35 tons.

  A base head 3b is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the bottom segment 3a of the reaming bit 3. For example, a plurality of tip insert type roller cutters 3e are rotatably installed on the upper surface (the surface facing the ground G, the excavation surface) of the base head 3b. Further, a main stem 4m constituting the support member 4 is fixed at the center position of the upper surface of the base head 3b in a state of protruding upward from the upper surface of the base head 3b. Although not particularly limited, the diameter of the main stem 4m is, for example, 360 mm, the protruding length of the main stem 4m is, for example, 2800 mm, and the diameter of the external thread portion 4mn of the main stem 4m is, for example, 300 mm.

  A plurality of side segments 3c are provided on the side surface of the bottom segment 3a in a detachable state. As shown in FIG. 4, each side segment 3c is installed so as to protrude outward from the outer periphery of the base head 3b, and is reinforced by a support member 3d installed between adjacent side segments 3c. ing. A plurality of roller cutters 3e are rotatably mounted on the upper surface (the surface facing the ground G, the excavation surface) of each side segment 3c. Further, a reinforcing plate 3f is provided on the side of the tip of the side segment 3c. By providing the reinforcing plate 3f, the contact resistance between the roller cutter 3e and the pit wall can be reduced.

  The support member 4 of the reaming machine 1 is a member that connects the drill unit 2 and the reaming bit 3 and supports the reaming bit 3 in a rotatable state, and as shown in FIG. In order, it includes a plurality of drill rods 4r, a plurality of stabilizers 4s, and a main stem 4m.

  The drill rod 4r is formed of, for example, a cylindrical special steel material. The drill rods 4r are mechanically connected in series with each other in a state in which a part of the upper end of the lower drill rod 4r is fitted into a recess on the lower end surface of the upper drill rod 4r. Although not particularly limited, the diameter of the drill rod 4r is, for example, 350 mm, the length is, for example, 1500 mm, and the weight is, for example, 635 kg.

  The stabilizer 4s is, for example, a member that improves the straightness of the hole at the time of excavation (suppresses or prevents bending of the hole) and promotes the circulation of muddy water, and is formed of, for example, a cylindrical special steel material. As the stabilizer 4s, for example, a spiral stabilizer is used. That is, the outer periphery of the stabilizer 4s is carved with a minimum groove extending at a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction and extending slightly inclined toward the longitudinal direction of the stabilizer 4s. Instead of the spiral stabilizer, a straight stabilizer (that is, a stabilizer having a plurality of protrusions extending linearly in the longitudinal direction of the stabilizer 4s at predetermined intervals along the outer circumference of the stabilizer 4s) may be used.

  The respective stabilizers 4s are mechanically connected in series with each other in a state in which a part of the upper end of the lower stabilizer 4s is fitted into a concave portion of the lower end surface of the upper stabilizer 4s. The connection configuration between the stabilizer 4s and the drill rod 4r and the connection configuration between the stabilizer 4s and the main stem 4ms are the same as the connection configuration between the drill rods 4r. Although not particularly limited, the number of the stabilizers 4s is, for example, 10, and the diameter is larger than the drill rod 4r, for example, 400 mm, the length is, for example, 1500 mm, and the weight is more than the drill rod 4r. heavy.

  By the way, if the reaming bit 3 vibrates left and right during the excavation of the reaming pit and behaves in an unstable manner, the strain of the support member 4 (drill rod 4r, stabilizer 4s, main stem 4m) close to the reaming bit 3 also increases. fluctuate. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the behavior of the reaming bit 3 is monitored based on the distortion and reflected in the operation management of the reaming machine 1 during excavation.

  Hereinafter, a configuration relating to monitoring of the strain and operation management of the reaming machine 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5A is a side view of the reaming bit and the support member showing an example of the arrangement position of the strain gauge, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of the support member showing an example of the installation position of the strain gauge. FIG. 6 is a perspective view, FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an example of an electrical connection relationship of a strain gauge, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an example of a strain measurement system.

  In the reaming machine 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, for example, on the hollow inner wall surface of the external thread portion 4mn of the main stem 4m connected to the reaming bit 3, as shown in FIG. Thus, a plurality of strain gauges SG are provided. Each of the strain gauges SG is a sensor that detects a strain generated in the main stem 4m during excavation of the reaming pit (that is, detects a change in electric resistance due to deformation of the strain gauge SG as a strain amount). The left and right sides are symmetrically arranged at positions separated from the upper surface of the male screw portion 4mn in the axial direction by a length D1 (100 mm) and shifted by 90 degrees along the inner circumference of the male screw portion 4mn. In addition, the arrangement number and arrangement position of the strain gauges SG are not limited to those described above, and can be variously changed. For example, the arrangement number of the strain gauges SG may be one, or may be five or more. .

  As shown in FIG. 6, each strain gauge SG is electrically connected to a measuring device 10 housed in a housing box (not shown) of the reaming bit 3 through a measuring cable LA. That is, the detection signal (electric signal) detected by the strain gauge SG is transmitted to the measuring device 10 installed on the reaming bit 3 through the measuring cable LA as indicated by an arrow A2.

  The measuring device 10 is a device that amplifies a weak detection signal (electric signal) detected by the strain gauge SG with an amplifier and then transmits the signal to the ground surface by a communication protocol, and electrically connects to an electric circuit on the ground surface through a transmission cable LB. It is connected. That is, the measuring device 10 is electrically connected to the information processing circuit 11 (see FIG. 7) on the ground through a signal transmission cable in the transmission cable LB. The measuring device 10 is electrically connected to a power circuit 12 (see FIG. 7) on the ground through a power supply cable in the transmission cable LB. Note that an arrow A3 in FIG. 6 indicates a transmission direction of a detection signal (electric signal), and an arrow A4 indicates a power supply direction.

  As shown in FIG. 7, such a measuring device 10 includes, for example, an amplifier circuit 10a (amplifier), an input device 10b, an AC / DC power supply circuit 10c, and an acceleration sensor AM. The detection signal (electric signal) detected by the strain gauge SG is transmitted to the amplifier circuit 10a through the measurement cable LA, amplified here, and input to the input device 10b. The acceleration sensor AM is a sensor that measures the vibration of the reaming bit 3 when excavating the reaming pit, and is installed on the bottom side of the reaming bit 3. A detection signal (electric signal) detected by the acceleration sensor AM is input to the input device 10b.

  The input device 10b is a device that transmits an input detection signal to a ground information processing circuit (judgment means) 11 according to a communication protocol, and an output terminal of the input device 10b is a signal transmission cable in the transmission cable LB and a ground surface. Are electrically connected to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) interface circuit 11PA of the information processing circuit 11 on the surface of the earth via the slip ring SR in order.

  An output terminal of the PLC interface circuit 11PA is electrically connected to an input terminal of the PLC circuit 11CA. An output terminal of the PLC circuit 11CA is electrically connected to an input terminal of a personal computer for measurement (hereinafter, simply referred to as a personal computer for measurement) 11PC. The distortion detection signal transmitted to the PLC interface circuit 11PA is transmitted to the PLC circuit 11CA, where the signal is subjected to arithmetic processing, and then transmitted to the personal computer for measurement 11PC. Thereby, it is possible to measure the distortion generated in the main stem 4m of the reaming bit 3 in real time (for example, at a sampling frequency of 50 Hz). The measurement data of the strain is recorded in a memory 11M electrically connected to the personal computer for measurement 11PC, and is displayed as a numerical value, a graph, or an image on a display 11D electrically connected to the personal computer for measurement 11PC. .

  Then, the information processing circuit 11 determines that the support member 4 is damaged during the excavation of the reaming pit H, based on the relationship between the strain value obtained by the strain gauge SG and the standard control value of the predetermined strain. (I.e., when the strain value obtained by the strain gauge SG is larger than the standard control value of the strain), a warning such as the alarm 11S and the display 11D is provided so as to inform the worker on the ground. Instructions are given to the means. Therefore, the worker who has checked the warning and warning images controls the thrust and / or the torque, which are the digging conditions for the reaming bit 3, by operating the reaming machine 1 so that the strain value is equal to or less than the standard management value. . Thus, it is possible to prevent the support member 4 that supports the reaming bit 3 from being damaged during excavation of the reaming pit H. In particular, in the present embodiment, the strain gauge SG is disposed on the support member 4 which is easily damaged, and the excavation conditions of the reaming bit 3 are controlled based on information obtained from the strain gauge SG. Thus, more accurate control can be performed to prevent the damage of the device. Therefore, stable excavation performance can be exhibited in the reaming machine 1. The standard management value of the distortion is recorded in the memory 11M of the information processing circuit 11 in advance.

  The drill unit 2 is provided with various sensors (not shown). The various sensors include, for example, a sensor that detects the thrust pressure (push-in pressure and pull-out pressure) of the thrust cylinder 2b (see FIG. 2), a sensor that detects the displacement of the drill head 2d (see FIG. 2), and the drill rod 4r. Of the hydraulic motor 2e (see FIG. 2) (a forward rotation and a reverse rotation). The detection signals (electric signals) detected by these various sensors are transmitted to the PLC circuit 11CB via the PLC interface circuit 11PB of the information processing circuit 11, and after being subjected to arithmetic processing, are transmitted to the common measurement personal computer 11PC. Is done. This makes it possible to measure in real time various types of excavation data such as the rotation speed, rotation speed, torque, thrust, excavation depth, excavation speed, bit load, and the like of the reaming bit 3. These excavation data are also recorded in the memory 11M through the measurement personal computer 11PC, and are also displayed as numerical values, graphs, images, or the like on the display 11D.

  On the other hand, the ground power supply circuit 12 is a circuit that supplies a power supply voltage of, for example, 100 V AC, and measures the underground reaming bit 3 via the slip ring SR and the power supply cable in the transmission cable LB in order. It is electrically connected to the AC / DC power supply circuit 10c of the device 10. The AC / DC power supply circuit 10c is a power supply circuit that converts AC power supplied from the ground surface into DC power (for example, 24 V) and supplies the DC power (for example, 24 V) to the amplifier circuit 10a, the input device 10b, and the acceleration sensor AM.

  Note that the slip ring SR is a rotating electrode for forming a transmission path that enables transmission of electric power and electric signals between the rotating body and the stationary body. In addition, the transmission cable LB for signal transmission and power supply includes connection points of the support member 4 (connection points of the drill rods 4r, connection points of the drill rod 4r and the stabilizer 4s, connection points of the stabilizers 4s, and stabilizers 4s). And the main stem 4m).

  Next, an example of the reaming excavation method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the side view of the reaming machine during the reaming excavation process of FIGS. 9 to 12 along the flowchart of FIG. In the actual excavation work, for example, an inclined shaft with an inclination angle of 75 ° was excavated for mining of limestone. However, FIGS. 9 to 12 exemplify a shaft to simplify the description. In addition, as an excavation method, a raise boring method representing a reaming excavation method was adopted because unmanned operation, remote operation is possible, and safety is high, and high-speed processing is possible as compared with other excavation methods. In addition, since the excavation distance is a long distance of, for example, 470 m, the reaming machine 1 has, for example, many results, and has a performance of a maximum torque of 538 kN-m and a maximum thrust of 5350 kN. Industrial).

  First, at a position several meters away from the excavation position, a boring survey was performed in parallel with the drill (step 100 in FIG. 8), and then a protective material was injected into the wellhead to improve the ground surface (step 101 in FIG. 8). . Subsequently, a pit was excavated on the ground surface S (step 102 in FIG. 8), and pit concrete was placed (step 103 in FIG. 8). Then, as shown in FIG. 2 is installed (step 104 in FIG. 8).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, the drill rod 4r having the pilot bit 15 attached to its tip is moved from the drill unit 2 on the ground surface S toward the lower horizontal tunnel LH (in the direction of arrow A5) while rotating. This excavates the pilot hole 16a (step 105 in FIG. 8). The diameter of the drill rod 4r and the pilot hole 16a is, for example, 350 mm.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), when the pilot bit 15 reaches the lower horizontal tunnel LH, the rotation of the drill rod 4r is stopped, the pilot bit 15 is removed, and instead, as shown in FIG. 10 (b). In the lower horizontal shaft LH, an enlarged bit 17 having a diameter larger than that of the pilot bit 15 is attached to the tip of the stabilizer 4s. Thereafter, the drill rod 4r is rotated and pulled up toward the ground surface S to form an enlarged hole 16b having a larger diameter than the pilot hole 16a (step 106 in FIG. 8). The diameter of the enlarged diameter bit 17 and the enlarged diameter hole 16b is, for example, 400 mm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11A, after forming the enlarged diameter hole 16b, a stabilizer 4s having a larger diameter is connected to the tip of the drill rod 4r, and inserted into the lower horizontal tunnel LH (step in FIG. 8). 107). The stabilizer 4s has a larger diameter than the stabilizer 4s used at the time of forming the pilot hole 16a from the viewpoint of preventing the support member 4 from being damaged during excavation of the reaming pit. , 400 mm. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11B, the reaming bit 3 is assembled in the lower horizontal tunnel LH and connected to the tip of the stabilizer 4s (step 108 in FIG. 8).

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. By rotating and pulling the reaming bit 3 toward the ground surface S as shown by the arrow A1, as shown in FIG. 12B, a reaming pit H having a larger diameter than the enlarged diameter hole 16b is formed (FIG. 8). Step 109). The diameter of the reaming bit 3 and the reaming pit H is, for example, 4750 mm.

  Thereafter, the drill unit 2 is disassembled and carried out (step 110 in FIG. 8), and a portal crane (not shown) or the like is assembled on the ground surface S (step 111 in FIG. 8). 3 is taken out from the reaming pit H (step 112 in FIG. 8), and the reaming bit 3 is disassembled and carried out (step 113 in FIG. 8).

  Next, an example of the operation control of the reaming bit during the excavation of the reaming pit shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B will be described with reference to the flowchart of the excavation method of the reaming pit shown in FIG.

  First, excavation of the reaming pit H is started (step 109a in FIG. 13). At the start of excavation, the excavation conditions such as the rotational speed, rotational speed, torque, thrust, excavation depth, excavation speed, and bit load of the reaming bit 3 are set to respective standard management values. The standard management values of the various excavation conditions are recorded in the memory 11M of the information processing circuit 11 (see FIG. 7) in advance.

  Subsequently, in step 109b, it is determined whether excavation of the reaming pit H has been completed. In the case of termination, the reaming bit 3 is disassembled and carried out (step 113 in FIG. 13). On the other hand, if the processing has not been completed, the process proceeds to step 109c.

  In step 109c, it is determined whether or not the strain values transmitted from the plurality of strain gauges SG installed on the main stem 4m of the reaming bit 3 during the excavation of the reaming pit H are larger than a standard management value of strain. .

  If at least one of the plurality of strain gauges SG is larger than the control value, there is a possibility that the support member 4 of the reaming bit 3 (particularly, the external thread 4mn of the main stem 4m) may be damaged. Is notified to a worker on the ground by the alarm 11S and the display 11D. Therefore, the operator lowers the thrust for the reaming bit 3 by operating the reaming machine 1 (step 109d in FIG. 13). Thus, it is possible to prevent the support member 4 that supports the reaming bit 3 from being damaged during excavation of the reaming pit H. In particular, in the present embodiment, the strain gauge SG is disposed on the support member 4 which is easily damaged, and the excavation conditions of the reaming bit 3 are controlled based on information obtained from the strain gauge SG. Thus, more accurate control can be performed to prevent the damage of the device. Therefore, stable excavation performance can be exhibited in the reaming machine 1. Although not particularly limited, the standard control value of the strain is, for example, 100 μ.

  On the other hand, in step 109c, if the strain value detected by any of the plurality of strain gauges SG is equal to or smaller than the standard control value, the support member 4 of the reaming bit 3 (especially the male screw portion 4mn of the main stem 4m) is currently used. ), It is determined that no damage occurs, so the process proceeds to step 109e.

  In step 109e, based on the information on the torque detected by the sensor of the drill unit 2, the torque value of the reaming bit 3 during excavation of the reaming pit H is, for example, smaller than 100 kN · m or 100 to 200 kN · m. Or greater than 200 kN · m.

  Here, when the torque value is smaller than 100 kN · m, it is determined that the excavation cannot be performed sufficiently because the torque is too small, and this is notified to the worker on the ground by the alarm 11S and the display 11D. Therefore, the operator raises the thrust for the reaming bit 3 by operating the reaming machine 1 (step 109f in FIG. 13).

  When the torque value is 100 to 200 kN · m, there is no particular problem, so that the thrust for the reaming bit 3 is maintained (step 109g in FIG. 13). In this case, it may or may not be displayed that there is no problem on the display 11D or the like.

  Further, if the torque value is larger than 200 kN · m, the hydraulic motor 2e (see FIG. 2) may be damaged due to too large torque, and this may be notified to a worker on the ground by the alarm 11S and the display 11D. Inform. Therefore, the operator lowers the thrust for the reaming bit 3 by operating the reaming machine 1 (step 109d in FIG. 13). Thereby, the failure of the hydraulic motor 2e can be prevented.

  Subsequently, in step 109h, it is determined whether or not the thrust value detected by the sensor of the drill unit 2 is smaller than 1000 kN and the torque value detected by the sensor of the drill unit 2 is larger than 200 kN · m.

  Here, after step 109f, since the thrust is increased so that the torque does not exceed 200, the process returns to step 109a for excavation of the reaming pit. Also, even after step 109g, the thrust is maintained and the torque is controlled so as not to exceed 200 kN · m, so that the process returns to step 109a for excavating the reaming pit H. In these cases, the display 11D or the like may or may not indicate that there is no problem.

  On the other hand, even after step 109d, if the thrust value is smaller than 1000 kN and the torque value is not larger than 200 kN · m in step 109h, the process returns to step 109a for excavating the reaming pit H. Similarly to the above, in that case, it may or may not be displayed on the display 11D or the like that there is no problem.

  However, after step 109d, if the condition shown in step 109h is met, the torque may be too large and the hydraulic motor 2e (see FIG. 2) may fail. Inform by Therefore, the operator lowers the rotation speed of the reaming bit 3 by operating the reaming machine 1 (step 109i). Thereby, the failure of the hydraulic motor 2e can be prevented.

  Thereafter, in step 109j, it is determined whether or not the rotation speed of the reaming bit 3 detected by the sensor of the drill unit 2 is smaller than 1.5 rpm. Here, when the rotation speed of the reaming bit 3 is 1.5 rpm or more, the process returns to the step 109a of excavating the reaming pit. Similarly to the above, in that case, it may or may not be displayed on the display 11D or the like that there is no problem.

  On the other hand, in step 109j, when the rotation speed of the reaming bit 3 is smaller than 1.5 rpm, the rotation speed is too slow, and this is notified to the worker on the ground by the alarm 11S and the display 11D. In this case, the operator interrupts the excavation work of the reaming pit H by operating the reaming machine 1 (step 109k in FIG. 13).

  As described above, the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiments. However, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are illustrative in all points, and are limited to the disclosed technology. Not something. That is, the technical scope of the present invention is not to be interpreted restrictively based on the description in the above embodiment, but should be interpreted according to the description of the claims. And any modifications that do not depart from the gist of the claims and the technology equivalent to the technology described in the claims.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the excavation condition (thrust, torque or both) of the reaming bit is manually controlled when the strain value obtained through the strain gauge is larger than the control value, However, the present invention is not limited to this. When the strain value obtained through the strain gauge is larger than the control value, the information processing circuit 11 can automatically control the digging condition of the reaming bit. Also, when the torque of the reaming bit 3 is too large or too small, the excavation condition of the reaming bit 3 can be automatically controlled by the information processing circuit 11 so as to avoid them.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the reaming excavation technique is applied to the excavation work in the inclined shaft for mining limestone has been described.However, the invention is not limited thereto, and various applications are possible. It can be applied to excavation work to form various vertical shafts and inclined shafts, such as ventilation shafts for tunnels and tunnels.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reaming machine 2 Drill unit 2a Base 2b Thrust cylinder 2c Piston rod 2d Drill head 2e Hydraulic motor 2f Spindle 3 Reaming bit 3a Bottom segment 3b Base head 3c Side segment 3d Support member 3e Roller cutter 3f Reinforcement plate 4 Support member 4r Drill rod 4s Stabilizer 4m Main stem 4mn Male screw part 10 Measuring equipment 10a Amplifier circuit 10b Input device 10c AC / DC power supply circuit 11 Information processing circuit 11PA, 11PB PLC interface circuit 11CA, 11CB PLC circuit 11PC Measurement personal computer 12 Power supply circuit 15 Pilot bit 16a Pilot Hole 16b Enlarged hole H Reaming pit G Ground S Ground LH Lower horizontal tunnel SG Strain gauge LA Measurement cable LB Transmission cable AM acceleration sensor C connector

Claims (7)

  In the reaming excavation method of expanding the diameter of the pilot hole by using a reaming bit after excavating the pilot hole, a strain value measured by a strain measurement unit installed in a support member that supports the reaming bit and a strain determined in advance. The excavation condition of the reaming bit is controlled so that the support member is not damaged based on a relationship with the management value of the reaming bit.   When the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is larger than the control value, the thrust as the excavation condition, torque or both, so that the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is equal to or less than the control value. The reaming excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the excavation is controlled. A first determination step of determining whether the strain value measured by the strain measurement unit is larger than the management value,
In the first determining step, when the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is larger than the management value, a step of lowering the thrust for the reaming bit,
The reaming excavation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: A second determining step of determining whether a torque value for the reaming bit is within a predetermined range if the strain value measured by the strain measuring means is smaller than the management value in the first determining step; ,
In the second determining step, when the torque value of the reaming bit is within the predetermined range, maintaining a thrust for the reaming bit;
In the second determination step, when the torque value of the reaming bit is smaller than the predetermined range, increasing the thrust for the reaming bit;
In the second determination step, when the torque value of the reaming bit is larger than the predetermined range, reducing the thrust for the reaming bit;
4. The reaming excavation method according to claim 3, comprising: After reducing the thrust for the reaming bit, determine whether the thrust of the reaming bit is smaller than a predetermined lower limit management value, and whether the reaming bit torque value is larger than a predetermined upper limit management value. A third determination step of determining whether
In the third determining step, when the thrust of the reaming bit is smaller than a predetermined lower limit management value and the torque value of the reaming bit is larger than a predetermined upper limit management value, A step of lowering the rotation speed of the reaming bit from a predetermined rotation speed management value,
The reaming excavation method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: A reaming bit that excavates the ground between the surface and the tunnel below,
A drive main body that is installed on the ground surface and drives the reaming bit;
A support member that connects the driving body and the reaming bit and supports the reaming bit;
Strain measuring means installed in the support member to measure the strain of the support member,
It is installed on the ground surface side, and based on a relationship between a strain value obtained by the strain measuring means and a predetermined management value, it is determined whether or not an excessive load acts on the support member to cause damage. Judgment means;
Warning means connected to the determination means, for notifying that an excessive load is acting on the support member based on an instruction of the determination means,
A reaming drilling rig comprising:   The determining means determines that the support member is damaged when the strain value obtained by the strain measuring means is larger than the control value, and instructs the warning means to notify the damage. A reaming rig according to claim 6.

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