JP6640613B2 - Display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device, and particularly to a technology that is effective when applied to a display device including a pressure detection type input device.

  There is a technology that detects a pressure applied from the outside to a display device and uses the detected value as input information.

  For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-66837 (Patent Document 1) describes a pressure detection mechanism that detects a pressure on a liquid crystal display element based on a change in capacitance caused by a liquid crystal display cell being pressed and deformed. .

JP 2000-66837 A

  When the pressure applied to the display device is detected, as in Patent Document 1, a part of the components of the display device elastically deforms according to the pressure, and it is necessary to electrically detect the elastic deformation.

  However, in order to meet the demand for a thinner display device, the thickness of the components of the display device has been reduced. For this reason, the degree of elastic deformation when pressure is applied to the display device is reduced, which causes a reduction in accuracy of pressure detection. Therefore, in order to detect the pressure applied from the outside to the display device and use the detected value as input information, a technique for improving the reliability of pressure detection is required.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for improving the reliability of a display device.

  A display device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a display function layer provided on the first surface side of the first substrate. A plurality of first wirings provided on the first surface side of the first substrate and supplied with a signal for forming an image, and separated from the first substrate on the second surface side of the first substrate And a first circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the plurality of first wirings and the first conductive film. Further, the display device calculates the pressure due to the contact of an external object based on the change in the capacitance value.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a display device according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state where no external pressure is applied to the pressure sensor. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state in which the pressure from the outside was applied to the pressure sensor. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a waveform of a detection signal when pressure is applied and when pressure is not applied. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the display device illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a peripheral structure of a liquid crystal layer included in the display device illustrated in FIG. 5 in an enlarged manner. FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a configuration example of an array substrate illustrated in FIG. 5. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an arrangement of a plurality of TFT elements provided on the array substrate shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration included in a pressure detection unit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timing at which a display operation and a pressure detection operation of the display device illustrated in FIG. 1 are performed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the pressure sensor of a modification with respect to FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the pressure sensor of a modification with respect to FIG. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a detection principle of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a detection principle of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor shown in FIG. 12. It is a figure which shows an example of the waveform of the detection signal in the case of the pressure sensor of a self-capacitance type when pressure is applied and when pressure is not applied. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a connection example between a signal line and a scanning line constituting a detection electrode of the pressure sensor illustrated in FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of connection between signal lines and scanning lines constituting a detection electrode of a pressure sensor, which is a modification example of FIG. 16, and a voltage detector. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection example between a signal line and a scanning line constituting a detection electrode of a pressure sensor which is another modification example of FIG. 16 and a voltage detector. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the display apparatus which is a modified example with respect to FIG. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a display device that is a modification example of FIG. 19. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a display device that is a modification example of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state in which a touch sensor and a finger are separated. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which the finger | toe touched the touch sensor. FIG. 22 is a sectional view illustrating an example of the display device illustrated in FIG. 21. 25 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a touch sensor included in the display device illustrated in FIG. 24. FIG. FIG. 22 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a display device that is a modification example of FIG. 21. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a display device which is another modification example of FIG. 21. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a display device including any of the pressure sensors illustrated in FIGS. 16 to 18. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a display device including any of the pressure sensors illustrated in FIGS. 16 to 18. FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timings at which a display operation and a pressure detection operation of the display device illustrated in FIGS. 30 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a display device which is a modification example of FIG. 29. FIG. FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timings at which a display operation and a pressure detection operation of the display device illustrated in FIG. 31 are performed. FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a display device that is a modification example of FIG. 28. 30 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a display device which is another modification example of FIG. 29. FIG. FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timings at which a display operation and a pressure detection operation of the display device illustrated in FIGS. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timings at which a display operation, a touch detection operation, and a pressure detection operation of the display device are performed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the disclosure is merely an example, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of appropriate changes while maintaining the gist of the invention, which are naturally included in the scope of the present invention. In addition, in order to make the description clearer, the width, thickness, shape, and the like of each part may be schematically illustrated as compared with actual embodiments, but this is merely an example, and the interpretation of the present invention is not limited thereto. It is not limited. In addition, in each drawing of this specification, the same elements as those described above regarding the already described drawings are denoted by the same or related reference numerals, and detailed description may be appropriately omitted.

  Further, the technology described in the following embodiments can be widely applied to a display device including a mechanism for supplying a signal to a plurality of display pixels in a display region provided with a display function layer from the periphery of the display region. Examples of the display device as described above include various display devices such as a liquid crystal display device and an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display device. In the following embodiments, a liquid crystal display device will be described as a typical example of a display device.

  Liquid crystal display devices are roughly classified into the following two types according to the direction of application of an electric field for changing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer serving as a display function layer. That is, the first category is a so-called vertical electric field mode in which an electric field is applied in the thickness direction (or out-of-plane direction) of the display device. The vertical electric field mode includes, for example, a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode and a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode. Further, as a second classification, there is a so-called lateral electric field mode in which an electric field is applied in a plane direction (or an in-plane direction) of the display device. The lateral electric field mode includes, for example, an IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode and an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode which is one of the IPS modes. The technology described below can be applied to both the vertical electric field mode and the horizontal electric field mode. However, in the embodiment described below, a display device in the horizontal electric field mode will be described as an example.

  In addition, the “input device” in the specification of the present application is a device that inputs information such as a command to a circuit included in the display device from outside the display device. The display device processes information input by the input device with an arithmetic processing circuit, a control circuit, or the like, and outputs a processing result. In the specification of the present application, two types of information input methods provided in the input device will be described.

  The first input method is an input method using a pressure sensor (Force Sensing). In the input method using a pressure sensor, information is inputted by detecting that a pressure is applied from the outside and the intensity of the pressure by the pressure sensor. In the following embodiments, as an example of a pressure sensor, a part of the pressure sensor is elastically deformed, the distance between the electrodes of the pressure sensor is changed, and the presence or absence of elastic deformation is determined by using the change in capacitance. A capacitance detection type pressure sensor to be detected will be described.

  The second input method is an input method using a touch sensor (Touch Sensing). In an input method using a touch sensor, information is input by detecting that an input tool such as a human finger or a touch pen has approached an input device and detecting the approach position. In a second embodiment described later, as an example of a touch sensor, the presence or absence of an input tool is detected by using the fact that the capacitance of the touch sensor changes when the input tool, which is a dielectric, is brought close to an electrode of the touch sensor. The touch sensor of the capacitance detection type will be described.

  Further, in the following embodiment, a so-called in-cell type display with an input device is used in which the components of the pressure sensor or a part of the components of the pressure sensor and the touch sensor are also used as the components of the display device. An example of the apparatus will be described. The display device described above is, in detail, a display device with a pressure sensor, or a display device with a pressure sensor and a touch sensor, but in the present specification, the “display device” is a display device without an input device. Other examples include a display device with a pressure sensor, and a display device with a pressure sensor and a touch sensor.

(Embodiment 1)
<Overall configuration of display device>
First, a basic configuration of the display device according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of the display device according to the first embodiment.

  The display device DP1 includes a main body unit 10 having a pressure detection function and a display function, a control unit 11, a gate driver 12, a source driver 13, a drive driver 14, and a detection circuit unit 40.

  The main body unit 10 includes a display unit 20 that is a display device that outputs images and videos, and a pressure detection unit 30 that is a pressure sensor. As described above, in the present embodiment, the display unit 20 is a display device using a liquid crystal layer as a display function layer. The pressure detection unit 30 is a pressure detection unit of a capacitance detection type. Therefore, the display device DP1 is a display device including an input device having a pressure detection function. The main body 10 is a display device in which the display unit 20 and the pressure detection unit 30 are integrated, and is a display device with a built-in pressure detection function, that is, an in-cell type display device with a pressure detection function.

  The display unit 20 performs display by sequentially scanning one horizontal line at a time in the display area in accordance with the scanning signal Vscan supplied from the gate driver 12. The pressure detector 30 operates based on the principle of pressure detection using a change in capacitance due to a change in the distance between the electric electrodes, as described later, and outputs a detection signal Vdet.

  The control unit 11 supplies control signals to the gate driver 12, the source driver 13, the drive driver 14, and the detection circuit unit 40 based on the video signal Vdisp supplied from the outside, and these operate in synchronization with each other. Circuit.

  The gate driver 12 has a function of sequentially selecting horizontal lines to be driven for display of the main unit 10 based on a control signal supplied from the control unit 11. The source driver 13 is a circuit that supplies a pixel signal Vpix to each of a plurality of sub-pixels included in the display unit 20 based on a control signal of the image signal Vsig supplied from the control unit 11. The display unit 20 forms a display image based on a horizontal line selection signal supplied from the gate driver 12 and a pixel signal Vpix supplied from the source driver 13.

  The drive driver 14 is a circuit that supplies a drive signal Vfs to a drive electrode COML (see FIGS. 6 and 7 described later) included in the main body 10 based on a control signal supplied from the control unit 11. .

  Further, the detection circuit unit 40 detects the presence or absence of pressure application to the pressure detection unit 30 based on the control signal supplied from the control unit 11 and the detection signal Vdet supplied from the pressure detection unit 30 of the main unit 10. Circuit. The detection circuit section 40 is a circuit that electrically determines whether or not pressure is applied to the pressure detection area of the pressure detection section 30 of the main body, and outputs the obtained information. For example, in the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the detection circuit unit 40 includes a detection signal amplification unit 42, an A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion unit 43, a signal processing unit 44, a coordinate extraction unit 45, and a detection control unit. 46.

  The detection signal amplifier 42 amplifies the detection signal Vdet supplied from the pressure detector 30. The detection signal amplifying unit 42 may include a low-pass analog filter that removes a high frequency component, that is, a noise component included in the detection signal Vdet, extracts a pressure component to be detected, and outputs the extracted pressure component.

<Principle of pressure detection using change in capacitance>
Next, the principle of pressure detection in the display device DP1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state where no external pressure is applied to the pressure sensor. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing a state where an external pressure is applied to the pressure sensor. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the waveform of the detection signal when the pressure is applied and when the pressure is not applied.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the capacitance-type pressure sensor has an electrode E1 and an electrode E2 which are spaced apart and opposed to each other. The capacitor C1 is formed between the electrode E1 and the electrode E2. One end of the capacitance element C1 is connected to an AC signal source S as a drive signal source, and the other end of the capacitance element C1 is connected to a voltage detector DET as a pressure detection circuit. The voltage detector DET includes, for example, an integration circuit included in the detection signal amplifier 42 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the voltage detector DET includes an integrator, and one input terminal of the integrator is connected to the electrode E2. The reference potential Vref is input to another input terminal of the integrator.

  When an AC rectangular wave Sg having a frequency of, for example, about several kHz to several hundred kHz is applied to one end of the capacitive element C1, for example, the electrode E1, from the AC signal source S, the other end of the capacitive element C1, for example, the electrode E2 side. A detection signal Vdet, which is an output waveform, is generated via the connected voltage detector DET. The AC rectangular wave Sg corresponds to, for example, the drive signal Vfs shown in FIG.

  In the state where no pressure is applied to the pressure sensor, as shown in FIG. 2, a current corresponding to the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 flows with charging and discharging of the capacitance element C1. The voltage detector DET converts a change in current according to the AC rectangular wave Sg into a change in voltage. This voltage variation is shown by a solid waveform V0 in FIG.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when pressure is applied to the pressure sensor by contact with an external object such as a finger, for example, a part of the pressure sensor is deformed, so that the electrodes E1 and E2 The separation distance D2 is smaller than the separation distance D1 shown in FIG. Thereby, the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 increases. Therefore, the current flowing through the capacitor C1 shown in FIG. 3 varies. The voltage detector DET converts a change in current according to the AC rectangular wave Sg into a change in voltage. This voltage fluctuation is shown by a broken line waveform V1 in FIG. In this case, the waveform V1 has a larger amplitude than the waveform V0 described above. Thus, the absolute value | ΔV | of the voltage difference between waveform V0 and waveform V1 changes according to the influence of the deformation of the pressure sensor.

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the pressure detection unit 30 performs pressure detection for each detection block corresponding to one or a plurality of drive electrodes according to the drive signal Vfs supplied from the drive driver 14. That is, the pressure detection unit 30 outputs the detection signal Vdet via the voltage detector DET shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 for each detection block corresponding to one or a plurality of drive electrodes COML, The output detection signal Vdet is supplied to the detection signal amplification unit 42 of the detection circuit unit 40.

  The A / D converter 43 is a circuit that samples each analog signal output from the detection signal amplifier 42 and converts it into a digital signal at a timing synchronized with the drive signal Vfs.

  The signal processing unit 44 includes a digital filter that reduces frequency components other than the frequency at which the drive signal Vfs is sampled, that is, noise components, included in the output signal of the A / D conversion unit 43. The signal processing unit 44 is a logic circuit that calculates the presence or absence of pressure application to the pressure detection unit 30 based on the output signal of the A / D conversion unit 43. The signal processing unit 44 performs a process of extracting only a difference voltage depending on whether or not pressure is applied. The voltage of this difference is the absolute value | ΔV | of the difference between the waveform V0 and the waveform V1 described above. The signal processing unit 44 may perform an operation for averaging the absolute value | ΔV | per one detection block, and obtain the average value of the absolute values | ΔV |. Thereby, the signal processing unit 44 can reduce the influence of noise. The signal processing unit 44 compares the voltage of the detected difference with a predetermined threshold voltage. If the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, it is determined that pressure is being applied. For example, it is determined that no pressure is applied. Thus, the pressure detection by the detection circuit unit 40 is performed.

  The coordinate extraction unit 45 is a logic circuit that, when the signal processing unit 44 detects the pressure application, calculates the coordinates of the position where the pressure application is detected, that is, the input position in the input device. The detection control unit 46 controls the A / D conversion unit 43, the signal processing unit 44, and the coordinate extraction unit 45 to operate in synchronization. The coordinate extracting unit 45 outputs the coordinates of the pressure sensor as an output signal Vout.

<Details of display unit>
Next, a configuration example of the display unit 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of the display device shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a peripheral structure of a liquid crystal layer included in the display device shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a configuration example of the array substrate shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a plurality of TFT elements provided on the array substrate shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the capacitance element C1 of the capacitance-type pressure sensor included in the display device DP1. Although FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views, hatching of some members is omitted for easy viewing of the constituent members. In FIG. 6, each of the pixel electrode 22, the drive electrode COML, the scanning line GCL, and the signal line SGL is hatched. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the Y direction shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the X direction shown in FIG. Although FIG. 7 is a plan view, the drive electrode COML is shown with a pattern in order to easily distinguish the drive electrode COML from the signal line SGL. In addition, in this section, when the unit frame FL1 is time-divided into a display operation period FLdp and a pressure detection operation period FLfs as shown in FIG. 10 described later, an operation of each unit in the display operation period FLdp will be mainly described. I do.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the main body 10 of the display device DP1 includes an array substrate 2, a counter substrate 3, a liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6), a polarizing plate 5, a polarizing plate 6, a light guide plate 7, , A conductor pattern 8. The array substrate 2 has an upper surface 2t as a main surface of the array substrate 2 and a lower surface 2b located on the opposite side of the upper surface 2t. The opposing substrate 3 has a lower surface 3b as a main surface of the opposing substrate 3 and an upper surface 3t located on the opposite side of the lower surface 3b. The array substrate 2 and the opposing substrate 3 are provided such that the upper surface 2t of the array substrate 2 and the lower surface 3b of the opposing substrate 3 face each other. The liquid crystal layer 4 as a display function layer of the display unit 20 (see FIG. 1) is provided between the array substrate 2 and the counter substrate 3. The periphery of the liquid crystal layer 4 is sealed between the array substrate 2 and the opposing substrate 3, and the liquid crystal layer 4 is sealed in a sealed space.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the array substrate 2 has a substrate 21. The substrate 21 has an upper surface 21t as one main surface and a lower surface located on the opposite side of the upper surface 21t. The lower surface of the substrate 21 is the same surface as the lower surface 2b of the array substrate 2 shown in FIG. The counter substrate 3 has a substrate 31. The substrate 31 has a lower surface 31b as one main surface and an upper surface located on the opposite side of the lower surface 31b. The upper surface of the substrate 31 is the same surface as the upper surface 3t of the counter substrate 3 shown in FIG.

  Note that as the substrate 21 and the substrate 31, various transparent substrates such as a glass substrate or a film made of a resin, for example, can be used. Further, in the present specification, “transparent” on a transparent substrate means that the transmittance for visible light is, for example, 80% or more.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the upper surface 2t of the array substrate includes a display region Ad and a peripheral region As that is a region located on the outer peripheral side of the array substrate 2 with respect to the display region Ad. In other words, the peripheral area As is an area located on the outer peripheral side of the array substrate 2 with respect to the display area Ad. In the specification of the present application, “in a plan view” means when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21 or the lower surface 31b (see FIG. 6) of the substrate 31 (see FIG. 6) which is the opposite substrate. Means

  As shown in FIG. 6, on the upper surface 2t side of the array substrate 2, a TFT layer 25 provided with a plurality of TFT elements Tr (see FIG. 8) in a matrix, a drive electrode COML, an insulating film 24, and Pixel electrodes 22 are sequentially stacked.

  The TFT layer 25 includes a plurality of TFT elements Tr (see FIG. 8) which are thin film transistors (TFTs) for driving a plurality of liquid crystal elements LC (see FIG. 8) included in the liquid crystal layer 4 which is a display function layer. They are provided in a matrix.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of scanning lines GCL, a plurality of signal lines SGL, and a plurality of TFT elements Tr are formed in a display area Ad of the substrate 21. Note that the scanning line GCL means a gate wiring connected to the gate electrode of the TFT element Tr, and the signal line SGL means a source wiring or a drain wiring connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the TFT element Tr. In the display device DP1, in a display operation period FLdp (see FIG. 10 described later) for forming an image, a scanning signal Vscan (see FIG. 1) is input to the scanning line GCL, and a video signal (for example, The pixel signal Vpix) shown in FIG. 1 is input. Therefore, each of the scanning line GCL and the signal line SGL is a wiring to which a signal for forming an image is supplied. FIG. 7 shows an example of an arrangement of a plurality of signal lines SGL provided on the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21.

  Although details will be described later, in the present embodiment, in a pressure detection operation period FLfs shown in FIG. 10 described later, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is used for the pressure detection unit 30 described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Used as the electrode E2.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the scanning line GCL extends in the X direction in the display area Ad, and a plurality of scanning lines GCL are arranged along the Y direction. The plurality of signal lines SGL extend in the Y direction in the display area Ad, and the plurality of signal lines SGL are arranged along the X direction. Therefore, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL intersects with the plurality of scanning lines GCL in plan view. As described above, in a plan view, the sub-pixel SPix is disposed at the intersection of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of signal lines SGL that intersect each other, and one pixel Pix is formed by the plurality of sub-pixels SPix of different colors. You. That is, the plurality of sub-pixels SPix provided on the substrate 21 (see FIG. 7) are arranged in the display area Ad in a plan view, and are arranged in a matrix in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

  In a plan view, a TFT element Tr is formed at an intersection where each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and each of the plurality of signal lines SGL intersect. Accordingly, in the display area Ad, a plurality of TFT elements Tr are formed on the substrate 21 (see FIG. 7), and the plurality of TFT elements Tr are arranged in a matrix in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Have been. That is, each of the plurality of sub-pixels SPix is provided with the TFT element Tr. Further, each of the plurality of sub-pixels SPix is provided with a liquid crystal element LC in addition to the TFT element Tr.

  The TFT element Tr includes, for example, a thin film transistor as an n-channel MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor). The gate electrode of the TFT element Tr is connected to the scanning line GCL. One of a source electrode and a drain electrode of the TFT element Tr is connected to the signal line SGL. The other of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the TFT element Tr is connected to one end of the liquid crystal element LC. The liquid crystal element LC has, for example, one end connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the TFT element Tr, and the other end connected to the drive electrode COML.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of sub-pixels SPix arranged along the X direction, that is, a plurality of sub-pixels SPix belonging to the same row of the liquid crystal display device are connected to each other by a scanning line GCL. The scanning line GCL is connected to a gate driver 12 (see FIG. 1), and a scanning signal Vscan (see FIG. 1) is supplied by the gate driver 12. The plurality of sub-pixels SPix arranged in the Y-axis direction, that is, the plurality of sub-pixels SPix belonging to the same column of the display unit 20 (see FIG. 1) are connected to each other by a signal line SGL. The signal line SGL is connected to the source driver 13 (see FIG. 1), and the source driver 13 supplies the pixel signal Vpix (see FIG. 1).

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a drive electrode COML is formed on the TFT layer 25. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the drive electrode COML is covered with an insulating film 24, and a plurality of pixel electrodes 22 are formed on the insulating film 24. In other words, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the drive electrode COML is formed between the substrate 21 and the pixel electrode 22. The drive electrodes COML are provided so as to overlap the plurality of pixel electrodes 22 in the thickness direction of the array substrate 2, that is, in the direction from one of the upper surface 2t and the lower surface 2b shown in FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the present embodiment, the array substrate 2 has a plurality of drive electrodes COML extending along the X direction. The drive electrode COML is a patterned conductive film (also referred to as a conductive film or a conductive pattern), for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (Indium Zinc Oxide; IZO), or tin oxide ( It is made of a transparent conductive material such as SnO). When a plurality of drive electrodes COML are provided as in the present embodiment, each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is formed between the substrate 21 and the pixel electrode 22 shown in FIG. Further, each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is provided so as to overlap the plurality of pixel electrodes 22 in the thickness direction of the array substrate 2.

  The drive electrode COML shown in FIG. 8 is connected to the drive driver 14 (see FIG. 1), and the drive driver 14 supplies the drive signal Vcom (see FIG. 1). That is, in the example shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of sub-pixels SPix belonging to the same column share one drive electrode COML. The plurality of drive electrodes COML extend in the Y direction in the display area Ad, and are arranged along the X direction. As described above, the plurality of signal lines SGL extend in the Y direction in the display area Ad and are arranged along the X direction, and therefore, the direction in which each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends. Is parallel to the direction in which each of the plurality of signal lines SGL extends.

  The plurality of pixel electrodes 22 illustrated in FIG. 6 are, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 8, the plurality of sub-pixels SPix arranged in a matrix in the X direction and the Y direction in the display area Ad in plan view. Each is formed respectively. Accordingly, although not shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of pixel electrodes 22 are arranged in a matrix in the X direction and the Y direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of drive electrodes COML are electrically connected to the routing wiring WRC provided in the peripheral area As around the display area Ad in plan view. As shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of drive electrodes COML are provided on the upper surface 21t side as one main surface of the substrate 21 inside the display area Ad in plan view. The routing wiring WRC is a wiring that electrically connects the drive electrode COML and the semiconductor chip 19 (see FIG. 5), and is formed on the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21 in the peripheral region As in plan view. An insulating film 24 (see FIG. 6) is formed on the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21 including the respective surfaces of the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the respective surfaces of the plurality of routing wirings WRC. In the display region Ad, a plurality of pixel electrodes 22 are formed on the insulating film 24. Therefore, the insulating film 24 electrically insulates the drive electrode COML from the pixel electrode 22.

  Note that the routing wiring WRC illustrated in FIG. 7 extends in the Y direction in plan view, and thus the routing wiring WRC arranged in the peripheral region As is illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 6 are not shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6, the arrangement of the drive electrodes COML and the pixel electrodes 22 is the arrangement in the FFS mode as the horizontal electric field mode. However, the arrangement of the drive electrode COML and the pixel electrode 22 may be an arrangement in the IPS mode as a lateral electric field mode in which the drive electrode COML and the pixel electrode 22 do not overlap in a plan view. Alternatively, the arrangement of the drive electrodes COML and the pixel electrodes 22 may be an arrangement in a TN mode or a VA mode as a vertical electric field mode.

  The direction in which each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends is not limited. For example, the direction in which each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends is parallel to the direction in which each of the plurality of scan lines GCL extends. It may be a direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a liquid crystal layer 4 is provided between the array substrate 2 and the counter substrate 3. The liquid crystal layer 4 modulates light passing therethrough according to the state of the electric field. For example, a liquid crystal layer corresponding to the above-described FFS mode or the lateral electric field mode such as the IPS mode is used. That is, a liquid crystal display device using a lateral electric field mode such as an FFS mode or an IPS mode is used as the liquid crystal display device. Alternatively, as described above, a liquid crystal display device in a vertical electric field mode such as a TN mode or a VA mode may be used. Note that an alignment film may be provided between the liquid crystal layer 4 and the array substrate 2 and between the liquid crystal layer 4 and the counter substrate 3 shown in FIG.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the counter substrate 3 includes a substrate 31 and a color filter layer 32. The substrate 31 has an upper surface and a lower surface 31b opposite to the upper surface. The color filter layer 32 is provided on the lower surface 31 b of the substrate 31.

  As the color filter layer 32, for example, color filters colored in three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are arranged in the X-axis direction. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of sub-pixels SPix respectively corresponding to the three color regions 32R, 32G and 32B of R, G and B are formed, and one set of color regions 32R, 32G and One pixel Pix is formed by a plurality of sub-pixels SPix corresponding to each of the pixels 32B. The pixels Pix are arranged in a matrix along the direction in which the scanning lines GCL extend (X-axis direction) and the direction in which the signal lines SGL extend (Y-axis direction). The area where the pixels Pix are arranged in a matrix is, for example, the above-described display area Ad. Note that a dummy area provided with dummy pixels may be provided around the display area Ad.

  The combination of colors of the color filter layer 32 may be a combination of a plurality of colors including colors other than R, G, and B. Further, the color filter layer 32 may not be provided. Alternatively, one pixel Pix may include a sub-pixel SPix in which the color filter layer 32 is not provided, that is, a white sub-pixel SPix. Further, a color filter may be provided on the array substrate 2 by a COA (Color filter On Array) technique.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the main body 10 has a semiconductor chip 19. The semiconductor chip 19 is a chip mounted on the substrate 21 as shown in FIG. 7, and includes various circuits necessary for a display operation, such as the control unit 11, the gate driver 12, and the source driver 13 shown in FIG. It is. Further, the semiconductor chip 19 may include the drive driver 14 therein. As shown in FIG. 7, the semiconductor chip 19 and each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML are electrically connected by the routing wiring WRC.

  When an image is formed by the display device DP1, the gate driver 12 shown in FIG. 1 applies the scanning signal Vscan to the gate electrode of the TFT element Tr of each sub-pixel SPix via the scanning line GCL shown in FIG. As a result, one row, that is, one horizontal line, of the sub-pixels SPix formed in a matrix on the display unit 20 is sequentially selected as a display drive target. The source driver 13 shown in FIG. 1 supplies the pixel signal Vpix to a plurality of sub-pixels SPix constituting one horizontal line sequentially selected by the gate driver 12 via the signal line SGL shown in FIGS. I do. Then, in the plurality of sub-pixels SPix forming one horizontal line, display according to the supplied pixel signal Vpix is performed.

  The drive driver 14 applies the drive signal Vcom, and drives the drive electrode COML for each drive block corresponding to one or a plurality of drive electrodes COML (see FIGS. 6 to 8). In the liquid crystal display device, the gate driver 12 drives the scanning lines GCL (see FIG. 8) so as to sequentially scan the scanning lines in a time-division manner, so that the sub-pixels SPix (see FIG. 8) are sequentially shifted by one horizontal line. Selected. In the display unit 20, the source driver 13 supplies the pixel signal Vpix (see FIG. 1) to the sub-pixels SPix belonging to one horizontal line, so that the display is performed one horizontal line at a time. When performing this display operation, the drive driver 14 applies the drive signal Vcom to a drive block including the drive electrodes COML corresponding to the one horizontal line.

  Then, a voltage is applied between each of the plurality of pixel electrodes 22 and each of the drive electrodes COML shown in FIG. 8, and an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal element LC provided in each of the plurality of sub-pixels SPix. , An image is displayed in the display area Ad. At this time, a capacitor Cap shown in FIG. 8 is formed between the drive electrode COML and the pixel electrode 22, and the capacitor Cap functions as a storage capacitor.

As described above, when the main body unit 10 includes the display unit 20 which is a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal element LC, the plurality of pixel electrodes 22, the driving electrodes COML, the plurality of scanning lines GCL, and the plurality of signal lines The SGL forms a display control unit that controls the display of an image. The display control unit is provided between the array substrate 2 and the opposing substrate 3. Incidentally, the main body portion 10 shown in Figure 1, instead of the liquid crystal display device as Viewing apparatus may include various display devices such as an organic EL display device.

  When a device such as an organic EL display device is used, the polarizing plate 5, the polarizing plate 6, or the light guide plate 7 shown in FIG. 5 may not be provided.

<Details of pressure detector>
Next, the configuration of the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration included in the pressure detection unit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of timing for performing the display operation and the pressure detection operation of the display device shown in FIG. In this section, when the unit frame FL1 is time-divided into the display operation period FLdp and the pressure detection operation period FLfs as shown in FIG. 10, the operation of each unit during the pressure detection operation period FLfs will be mainly described.

  The plurality of signal lines SGL (see FIGS. 6 and 7) included in the display device DP1 according to the present embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 include liquid crystal elements LC (see FIG. 8) included in a liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6) that is a display function layer. ) Operates as a wiring to which a signal for driving the pressure detector 30 is input, and also operates as a detection electrode of the pressure detection unit 30.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the pressure detection unit 30 is provided on the array substrate 2, and is provided with a plurality of signal lines SGL that operate as detection electrodes for pressure detection, and is provided separately from the array substrate 2. And a conductor pattern 8 operating as a drive electrode. In the example shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of conductor patterns 8 are provided separately from the array substrate 2.

  The conductor pattern 8 is a patterned conductive film (also referred to as a conductor film), and the plurality of conductor patterns 8 extend in a direction intersecting with a direction in which each of the plurality of signal lines SGL extends in a plan view. Exist. In other words, the plurality of conductor patterns 8 are arranged at intervals so as to intersect with the plurality of signal lines SGL in plan view. Each of the plurality of conductor patterns 8 faces the signal line SGL (see FIG. 6) in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 21t (see FIGS. 6 and 7) of the substrate 21 included in the array substrate 2. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the conductor pattern 8 is a conductive film in which a film made of a conductive material is patterned in a belt shape. However, in the present specification, it is referred to as a conductor pattern, a conductive film, or a conductor film regardless of whether or not it is patterned. For example, in the case of a configuration in which a film made of one conductive material is uniformly spread, as in a conductive pattern 8A shown in FIG. 11 described later, the conductive film may not be patterned. Even a conductive film that has not been subjected to the patterning process as described above is referred to as a conductive pattern, a conductive film, or a conductive film.

  In addition, the detection circuit unit 40 is formed on, for example, the semiconductor chip 19 illustrated in FIG. 5, and the plurality of signal lines SGL illustrated in FIG. 9 are respectively connected to the detection signal amplification units 42 (see FIG. 1) of the detection circuit unit 40. ing.

  The drive driver 14 that outputs the drive signal Vfs during the pressure detection operation period FLfs (see FIG. 10) is formed on the semiconductor chip 19 shown in FIG. 5, and the plurality of conductor patterns 8 shown in FIG. And is electrically connected to the drive driver 14 of the semiconductor chip 19.

  Further, a capacitance is generated at the intersection of each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and each of the plurality of conductor patterns 8 shown in FIG. 9 in plan view. That is, the capacitance element C1 shown in FIG. 2 is formed. Then, a detection signal corresponding to the capacitance between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and each of the plurality of conductor patterns 8 is generated, and the generated detection signal is transmitted through the wiring connected to the signal line SGL in FIG. Are transmitted to the detection circuit section 40 shown in FIG. Further, the detection circuit 40 performs processing on the detection signal, and outputs an output signal Vout as a command signal input from the outside. That is, a detection unit that detects an external command, that is, an input device, is formed by the electrode substrate such as the substrate 31 (see FIG. 6) on which the conductor pattern 8 is formed and the signal line SGL.

  As the material of the conductor pattern 8, a metal material containing a metal may be used, for example, a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide; ITO), indium zinc oxide (Indium Zinc Oxide; IZO), or tin oxide (SnO). Materials may be used. Further, the conductor pattern 8 may be a conductor film in which a conductor material is deposited on a base material such as a resin film, or a film in which the conductor material is deposited on a member such as the light guide plate 7. There may be. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the light guide plate 7 is provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2, but the conductor pattern 8 may be provided between the light guide plate 7 and the array substrate 2. good.

  In the pressure detection unit 30, when performing the pressure detection operation, one detection block corresponding to one or a plurality of conductor patterns 8 is sequentially selected along the scan direction SC1 by the drive driver 14 (see FIG. 1). In the selected detection block, the drive signal Vfs for measuring the capacitance between the signal line SGL and the conductor pattern 8 is input to the conductor pattern 8, and the input position is detected from the signal line SGL. The detection signal Vdet is output. As described above, the pressure detection section 30 performs the pressure detection for each detection block. That is, one detection block corresponds to the electrode E2 in the above-described principle of pressure detection, and the conductor pattern 8 corresponds to the electrode E1.

  Note that the range of the drive blocks during the display operation and the range of the detection blocks during the pressure detection operation may be common or different.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in a plan view, a plurality of signal lines SGL and a plurality of conductor patterns 8 intersecting with each other constitute a capacitance type pressure sensor arranged in a matrix. Therefore, by scanning the entire pressure detection surface of the pressure detection unit 30, it is possible to detect the location where external pressure is applied.

  By the way, as described above, in the pressure detection unit 30, the distance D2 between the electrode E1 and the electrode E2 is larger than the distance D1 shown in FIG. 2 by partially deforming the pressure sensor as shown in FIG. The change in the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 is detected as a voltage signal by utilizing the fact that the capacitance becomes smaller. For this reason, if the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 changes due to a factor other than the pressure applied from the outside, the accuracy of the pressure detection may be reduced. For this reason, it is preferable that the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 that changes due to the pressure applied from the outside is sufficiently large as compared with other noise components.

For example, if the difference between the separation distance D1 shown in FIG. 2 and the separation distance D2 shown in FIG. 3 is large due to the application of pressure from the outside, the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 increases, and the noise component The effect can be reduced.

  However, in order to respond to the demand for a thin display device, the thickness of the components of the display device has also been reduced. For example, the liquid crystal layer 4 shown in FIG. 6 can be considered as a soft member that is deformed when pressure is applied from the outside. However, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 is extremely thin as compared with the thicknesses of the substrates 21 and 31. For example, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 is about 0.1% to 10% as compared with the thickness of the substrate 21 or the substrate 31. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 is, for example, about 3 μm to 4 μm. Therefore, if only the liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6) is interposed between the electrode E1 and the electrode E2 shown in FIG. 3, the amount of deformation due to pressure is small, and a sufficient capacitance change cannot be obtained.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, one of the pair of electrodes constituting the pressure sensor is provided on the upper surface 2t side of the array substrate 2 shown in FIG. 5, and the other electrode is provided in the array as shown in FIG. It is provided on the lower surface 2 b side of the substrate 2 so as to be separated from the array substrate 2. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of signal lines SGL as detection electrodes of the pressure sensor are provided on the array substrate 2, and a conductor pattern 8 as a drive electrode of the pressure sensor is provided at a position distant from the array substrate 2. Have been.

  The space on the lower surface 2b (see FIG. 5) side of the array substrate 2 is easier to secure than the space between the array substrate 2 and the opposing substrate 3. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5, a polarizing plate 5, a light guide plate 7, and a hollow space 9 are provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. The hollow space 9 is an elastically deformable layer that locally elastically deforms according to the pressure when a pressure is externally applied to the display device DP1. In other words, the hollow space 9 is provided between the array substrate 2 and the conductor pattern 8 and is more easily elastically deformed than the array substrate 2, that is, an elastically deformable layer made of a material having lower elasticity than the array substrate 2.

  Further, the thickness of the hollow space 9, that is, the length in the direction perpendicular to the lower surface 2b of the array substrate 2 is larger than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 shown in FIG. The example shown in FIG. 5 shows an example in which the hollow spaces 9 are provided at two places between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. Not less than the thickness. As described above, when the hollow space 9 having a plurality of layers is provided, the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitive element C1 shown in FIG. 3 can be increased as the total thickness of the hollow space 9 increases. Detection sensitivity can be improved. In the case where some substance (for example, air) is disposed in the hollow space 9, the lower the dielectric constant of the substance to be disposed, the larger the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitance element C1 shown in FIG. , The detection sensitivity can be improved. That is, according to the present embodiment, since the change in the capacitance value that changes due to the pressure applied from the outside can be increased, the effect of the noise component can be reduced. Thereby, the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor can be improved.

  When a plurality of hollow spaces 9 are provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2 as described above, the “thickness of the hollow space” means the total thickness of the plurality of hollow spaces 9. I do. Although details will be described later, as a modified example of the present embodiment, a substance other than air (for example, an elastic body 9A shown in FIG. 19 described later) may be arranged in the hollow space 9. In this case, the “thickness of the hollow space” can be read as “the thickness of the elastically deformable layer” or “the thickness of the elastic body”.

  In addition, as schematically shown in FIG. 3, when an external force is applied to the pressure sensor by a finger, if the distance between the finger and the pressure sensor is short, the capacitance of the finger affects the value of the capacitive element C1. It becomes a noise source in detection. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor, it is preferable to reduce the noise effect on the capacitive element C1 due to a dielectric such as a finger that is a noise source.

  In general, when a command is input by pressing a part of the display device with a finger or the like, in many cases, the command is pressed from the display surface side facing the observer, that is, in the example shown in FIG. . In the present embodiment, the electrodes constituting the pressure sensor are provided on the array substrate 2 and the lower surface 2b side of the array substrate 2, that is, the substrate on the opposite side of the display surface. In this case, the distance from the finger can be increased as compared with the case where a part of the electrode constituting the pressure sensor is provided on the counter substrate 3 side (in other words, the substrate disposed on the display surface side). .

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a drive electrode COML that covers the plurality of signal lines SGL is provided closer to the display surface than the plurality of signal lines SGL. In other words, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the drive electrode COML is provided between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the liquid crystal layer 4 that is a display function layer. In a plan view, the drive electrode COML is provided so as to overlap the plurality of signal lines SGL. By providing a conductor pattern covering the plurality of signal lines SGL between the plurality of signal lines SGL functioning as detection electrodes of the pressure sensor and the display surface, the conductor pattern can be used as a shield layer.

  Specifically, when the finger is in contact with the display surface side of the display device illustrated in FIG. 6, depending on the distance between the finger and the plurality of signal lines SGL, the influence of the capacitance of the finger may affect the pressure sensor. is there. However, in the case of the display device DP1, the drive electrode COML, which is a conductor pattern covering the plurality of signal lines SGL, is provided between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the display surface. The effect of the capacitance can be reduced.

  In particular, when a fixed potential or a pulse potential is supplied to the drive electrode COML when performing the pressure detection operation, the drive electrode COML functions as a shield layer and greatly reduces the influence of the capacitance of the finger. Can be. As a result, the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor can be improved.

  When the drive electrode COML functions as a shield layer, the potential supplied to the drive electrode COML may be, for example, a ground potential or a potential different from the ground potential. Further, the potential supplied to the drive electrode COML may be a fixed potential or a pulse potential.

  When the potential supplied to the drive electrode COML during the display operation is different from the potential supplied to the drive electrode COML during the pressure detection, the unit frame FL1 is divided into the display operation period FLdp and the pressure detection operation period FLfs as shown in FIG. It is preferable to perform time division. In other words, the display operation period FLdp and the pressure detection operation period FLfs are preferably performed at different timings. In this case, different potentials can be supplied to the drive electrode COML (see FIG. 6) in the display operation period FLdp and the pressure detection operation period FLfs, so that a suitable potential is set according to the function of the drive electrode COML in each operation. Can supply. Further, if the unit frame FL1 is time-divided into the display operation period FLdp and the pressure detection operation period FLfs, when the plurality of signal lines SGL shown in FIG. 6 are used as the detection electrodes of the pressure sensor, the current flowing during the display operation is reduced. The influence can be suppressed. Thereby, the pressure detection accuracy of the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG. 1 can be improved.

  By the way, in the example shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of signal lines SGL as detection electrodes of the pressure sensor and a plurality of conductor patterns 8 as drive electrodes of the pressure sensor are arranged so as to intersect with each other in a plan view. The method has been described in which the drive signal Vfs is sequentially applied to one detection block corresponding to one or a plurality of conductor patterns 8 along the direction SC1. However, there are various modified examples of a method of detecting pressure using a change in the capacitance value of a capacitance element of a pressure sensor, that is, a capacitance type pressure sensor.

  For example, the pressure detection unit 30A illustrated in FIG. 11 differs from the pressure detection unit 30 illustrated in FIG. 9 in that a plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes of a pressure sensor in addition to a plurality of signal lines SGL. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a pressure sensor according to a modification example of FIG. 9. Note that, in FIG. 11, the signal lines SGL are shown with patterns to make it easier to distinguish between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL.

  The pressure detection unit 30A illustrated in FIG. 11 includes, as detection electrodes of the pressure sensor, a plurality of signal lines SGL extending in the Y direction and a plurality of scanning lines GCL extending in the X direction intersecting the Y direction. In a plan view, the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL cross each other. In the pressure detection operation using the pressure detection unit 30A, the detection signal Vdet is output from each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL. Specifically, the detection signal Vdet1 is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL, and the detection signal Vdet2 is output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL.

  In the case of the pressure detection unit 30A having the above configuration, the coordinate extraction unit 45 (see FIG. 1) of the detection circuit unit 40 combines the detection signal Vdet1 and the detection signal Vdet2 to calculate the coordinates of the plane position to which the pressure is applied. Can be. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of conductor patterns 8 and sequentially apply the drive signal Vfs, as in the pressure detector 30 shown in FIG. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 11, a conductor pattern 8A, which is one conductive film (also referred to as a conductor film), is provided at a position overlapping each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL in plan view. ing.

  In the pressure detection operation using the pressure detection unit 30A, the drive signal Vfs is applied to the conductor pattern 8A. Then, the detection signal Vdet is output collectively from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL. In other words, the detection signal Vdet1 from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the detection signal Vdet2 from the plurality of scanning lines GCL are output in parallel. In this case, the operation time can be reduced as compared with the pressure detection operation using the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG.

  In the pressure detection operation using the pressure detection unit 30A, the plurality of signal lines SGL or the plurality of scanning lines GCL may be divided into a plurality of detection blocks, and the detection signal Vdet may be output for each detection block. Pressure may be applied to a plurality of locations of the pressure sensor at the same time. At this time, it is preferable to output the detection signal Vdet for each detection block as described above from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy of the coordinates of the plurality of locations.

  Although not shown, the following pressure sensor may be used as a modified example of the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG. That is, a plurality of scanning lines GCL (see FIGS. 11 and 8) may be used instead of the plurality of signal lines SGL as the detection electrodes of the pressure sensor. In this case, the plurality of conductor patterns 8 shown in FIG. 9 are provided so as to cross each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL in a plan view. Accordingly, it is possible to detect a change in the capacitance value of the capacitance element formed between the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the conductor pattern 8, and detect the position where the pressure is applied.

  During the pressure detection operation period in which the plurality of signal lines SGL, the plurality of scanning lines GCL, or both the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as pressure detection electrodes, the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used. The plurality of scanning lines GCL may be separated from the source driver 13 and the gate driver 12 shown in FIG. In other words, during the pressure detection operation period, the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL may be electrically separated from the source driver 13 and the gate driver 12 shown in FIG. When a plurality of signal lines SGL and a plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes for pressure detection as in a pressure detection unit 30A illustrated in FIG. 11 and a pressure detection unit 30B described below, a plurality of signals are detected. There are various embodiments of the circuit connected to the line SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL. Various embodiments of a circuit connected to the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL will be described later.

  Further, as another modified example, both the plurality of signal lines and the plurality of scanning lines, or one of the plurality of signal lines and the plurality of scanning lines may be a self-capacitance type pressure sensor. For example, in the case of the pressure detection unit 30B illustrated in FIG. 12, the drive signal Vfs is applied to both the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL, or to any one of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL. Is supplied. Further, a fixed potential such as a ground potential GND is supplied to the conductor pattern 8A. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a pressure sensor according to a modification example of FIG. FIGS. 13 and 14 are explanatory views schematically showing the detection principle of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a waveform of a detection signal in the case of a self-capacitance type pressure sensor when pressure is applied and when pressure is not applied.

  Like the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG. 9 and the pressure detection unit 30A shown in FIG. 11, the drive signal Vfs is applied using the conductor pattern 8 or the conductor pattern 8A as a drive electrode, and the signal line SGL or the scan line GCL is used as a detection electrode. A method of detecting a pressure due to a change in the air gap between the drive electrode and the detection electrode, that is, a change in the distance between the electrodes by a capacitance method is called a mutual capacitance method.

  On the other hand, like the pressure detection unit 30B shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a fixed potential such as the ground potential GND is supplied to the conductor pattern 8A, and the drive signal Vfs supplied to the signal line SGL and the scanning line GCL is detected. A method of detecting a pressure due to a change in the air gap between the signal line SGL or the scanning line GCL and the conductor pattern 8A, that is, a change in the distance between the electrodes, is called a self-capacitance method.

  In the self-capacitance type pressure detection operation, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, between the electrode E2 and the power supply VDD for supplying the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 12), and between the electrode E2 and the voltage detector DET. Is provided with a switch SWC. In the pressure detection operation of the self-capacitance method, the power supply VDD and the electrode E2 or the voltage detector DET and the electrode E2 are alternately electrically connected via the switch SWC by switching the switch SWC. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, while the electrode E2 is electrically connected to the power supply VDD, electric charge is accumulated in the capacitor C2. Then, when the electrode E2 is disconnected from the power supply VDD and connected to the voltage detector DET, the charge stored in the capacitor C2 is discharged.

  Here, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the capacitance value of the capacitive element C2 differs between when the pressure is applied to the pressure detection unit 30B, which is a pressure sensor, and when no pressure is applied. . That is, the amount of charge stored in the capacitance element C2 differs between when the pressure is applied to the pressure detection unit 30B and when the pressure is not applied. As a result, the current flowing through the voltage detector DET becomes larger when the pressure is applied to the pressure detector 30B than when no pressure is applied.

  In the case of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor, the waveform of the detection signal Vdet shown in FIG. 15 is obtained by alternately switching the switches SWC shown in FIGS. In other words, in the case of the self-capacitance method, a potential corresponding to the AC rectangular wave Sg shown in FIG. 15 is applied to the electrode E2 by charging, and a detection signal Vdet based on the applied potential is output by discharging. That is, in a state where no pressure is applied to the pressure sensor, the electrode E2 and the voltage detector DET are connected via the switch SWC with the charging and discharging of the capacitance element C2 by the switching operation of the switch SWC shown in FIG. , A current flows according to the capacitance value of the capacitive element C2. The voltage detector DET converts a current fluctuation into a voltage fluctuation. This voltage variation is shown by a solid waveform V2 in FIG.

  On the other hand, in a state where pressure is applied to the pressure sensor, as shown in FIG. 14, a part of the pressure sensor is deformed, so that the separation distance D2 between the electrode E1 and the electrode E2 is smaller than the separation distance D1 shown in FIG. Is also smaller. Thereby, the capacitance value of the capacitance element C2 increases. Therefore, the current flowing through the capacitor C2 illustrated in FIG. 14 varies. The voltage detector DET converts a current fluctuation into a voltage fluctuation. This voltage fluctuation is shown by a broken line waveform V3 in FIG. In this case, the amplitude of the waveform V3 is larger than the amplitude of the waveform V2 described above. Accordingly, the absolute value | ΔV | of the voltage difference between waveform V2 and waveform V3 changes according to the influence of the deformation of the pressure sensor. Therefore, it is possible to detect a change in the capacitance value of the capacitive element C2 due to the presence or absence of an external pressure application as a change in the voltage.

  The use of the self-capacitance type pressure detector 30B as described above is preferable in the following points as compared with the mutual capacitance type. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, since the conductor pattern 8A only needs to be connected to a fixed potential such as the ground potential GND, the conductor pattern 8A and the semiconductor chip 19 need not be connected. In other words, the conductor pattern 8A may be electrically separated from the semiconductor chip 19. For example, in the case of connection to the ground potential GND, it may be connected to an arbitrary member such as a casing (not shown) among the components of the module in which the display device DP1 shown in FIG. 1 is incorporated. In other words, according to this modification, the wiring WFS shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 9, or FIG. 11 can be omitted. For this reason, the wiring layout can be simplified as compared with the mutual capacitance type pressure detection unit 30 or the pressure detection unit 30A shown in FIGS. 9 and 11.

  When the self-capacitance method is adopted, in order to specify the position coordinates on the XY plane in FIG. 12, a plurality of signal lines SGL extending along the X direction and Both of the plurality of scanning lines GCL extending along are used as detection electrodes. However, as a modification, any one of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL may be used. In this case, the coordinate position in any one of the X direction and the Y direction shown in FIG. 12 is not detected. However, information such as the strength of the applied pressure and the time during which the pressure is applied can be obtained.

  Also, during the pressure detection operation period in which the plurality of signal lines SGL, the plurality of scanning lines GCL, or both the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as the self-capacitance type pressure detection electrodes, a plurality of The signal line SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL may be connected to the drive driver 14 shown in FIG. In this case, the drive driver 14 can be used as the power supply VDD for charging the capacitive element C2 shown in FIGS. However, a drive circuit different from the drive driver 14 shown in FIG. 1 may be connected as the power supply VDD for charging the capacitive element C2 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 during the pressure detection operation period.

  Further, similarly to the above-described modification, in the pressure detection operation using the pressure detection unit 30B, the plurality of signal lines SGL or the plurality of scanning lines GCL are divided into a plurality of detection blocks, and the detection signal Vdet is output for each detection block. Can also be output. Pressure may be applied to a plurality of locations of the pressure sensor at the same time. At this time, it is preferable to output the detection signal Vdet for each detection block as described above from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy of the coordinates of the plurality of locations.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of shortening the pressure detection operation period FLfs shown in FIG. 10, it is preferable to output the detection signal Vdet from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL at once.

  Further, in the case of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor, the influence of the parasitic capacitance generated between the self-capacitance type pressure sensor and the conductor pattern provided around the detection electrode is greater than that of the mutual capacitance type pressure sensor. Therefore, the following configuration is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor.

  That is, the same signal waveform as the drive signal Vfs shown in FIG. 15 is applied to the conductor pattern around the detection target electrode E2 (see FIG. 12). Further, it is preferable that the timing of applying the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs is synchronized with the timing of applying the drive signal Vfs to the electrode E2 to be detected. Thereby, the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the detection electrode and the surrounding conductor pattern can be significantly reduced.

  Hereinafter, in this specification, a method of applying a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs to the conductor pattern around the detection electrode in synchronization with the timing at which the drive signal Vfs is applied to the detection electrode will be referred to as an active method. Called the shield system. Further, for example, the application of a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs to the first conductor pattern in synchronization with the timing at which the drive signal Vfs is applied to the detection electrode is performed on the first conductor pattern. To apply the active shield method.

  The parasitic capacitance formed between the conductor patterns increases as the plane area of the conductor pattern increases. In addition, the parasitic capacitance formed between the conductor patterns increases as the distance between the conductor patterns decreases. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to the drive electrode COML shown in FIG. In the pressure detection operation of the self-capacitance method, when the detection signal Vdet is output collectively from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL, all of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL are output. Operate as a detection electrode, the active shield method cannot be applied.

  However, as described as a modification, when any one of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL is used as a detection electrode, for a conductor pattern not used as a detection electrode, It is preferable to apply the active shield method.

  Further, as described as another modified example, a plurality of signal lines SGL or a plurality of scanning lines GCL may be divided into a plurality of detection blocks, and a detection signal Vdet may be output for each detection block. In this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to a conductor pattern (for example, the signal line SGL or the scanning line GCL) to which the detection signal Vdet is not output as the detection block.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the plurality of signal lines SGL are provided for each column of the sub-pixels SPix, that is, for each vertical line of the sub-pixels SPix along the Y direction shown in FIG. The plurality of scanning lines GCL are provided for each row of the sub-pixels SPix, that is, for each horizontal line of the sub-pixels SPix along the X direction shown in FIG. Therefore, when the voltage detector DET shown in FIG. 13 is connected to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL, many voltage detectors DET are required. In this case, the size of the component including the plurality of voltage detectors DET increases.

  For example, in the example of the present embodiment, a plurality of voltage detectors DET are formed on the semiconductor chip 19 shown in FIG. In this case, from the viewpoint of reducing the plane area of the semiconductor chip 19, it is preferable that the number of the voltage detectors DET is small. Then, the inventor of the present application examined a technique for reducing the number of voltage detectors DET used at the same timing, and found the following modified examples.

  FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of connection between signal lines and scanning lines constituting a detection electrode of the pressure sensor shown in FIG. 12 and a voltage detector. Although FIG. 16 shows an example of the connection of the pressure detection unit 30B shown in FIG. 12, it can be applied as an example of the connection of the pressure detection unit 30A shown in FIG.

  A plurality of signal lines SGL and a plurality of scanning lines GCL that constitute detection electrodes of the pressure detection unit 30B illustrated in FIG. 16 are electrically connected to the voltage detector DET as described below. That is, the plurality of signal lines SGL are electrically connected to a plurality of adjacent signal lines SGL to form a plurality of detection blocks DUa. The plurality of scanning lines GCL are electrically connected to a plurality of adjacent scanning lines GCL to form a plurality of detection blocks DUb. Further, during the pressure detection operation period, each of the plurality of detection blocks DUa and the plurality of detection blocks DUb is connected to the plurality of voltage detectors DET.

  In other words, a plurality of signal lines SGL constituting a detection electrode of the pressure detection unit 30B are connected in parallel with a plurality of signal lines SGL adjacent to each other and are connected to one voltage detector DET. In addition, a plurality of scanning lines GCL forming detection electrodes of the pressure detection unit 30B are configured such that a plurality of signal lines SGL adjacent to each other are connected in parallel, and are connected to one voltage detector DET.

  As described above, the plurality of signal lines SGL illustrated in FIG. 8 are provided for each column of the sub-pixels SPix. Further, the plurality of scanning lines GCL are provided for each row of the sub-pixels SPix. Since the size of the sub-pixel SPix affects the resolution of the display unit 20 (see FIG. 1), the planar size is very small from the viewpoint of improving the quality of the displayed image. On the other hand, when detecting the coordinate position of the pressure detection, the resolution may be lower than the resolution required for the display unit 20.

  Thus, in the example shown in FIG. 16, a plurality of signal lines SGL are connected in parallel and connected to one voltage detector DET. Further, a plurality of scanning lines GCL are connected in parallel and connected to one voltage detector DET. Thus, for example, even when the detection signal Vdet (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL collectively, the number of voltage detectors DET can be reduced. .

  In the example shown in FIG. 16, four signal lines SGL and four scanning lines GCL are respectively connected in parallel. However, the number of signal lines SGL or scanning lines GCL connected in parallel may be a number other than four depending on the required resolution. If the number of signal lines SGL or scanning lines GCL connected in parallel is reduced, the resolution of pressure detection coordinates is improved. On the other hand, if the number of signal lines SGL or scanning lines GCL connected in parallel increases, the resolution decreases, but the number of voltage detectors DET can be reduced.

  When only one of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL is used as a detection electrode as described in the pressure detection unit 30 shown in FIG. The number of vessels can be reduced. In this case, as described above, the detection accuracy can be improved by applying the detection waveform of the waveform V2 shown in FIG. 15 to the wiring not used as the detection electrode.

  Further, as a modification example of FIG. 16, a connection such as the pressure detection unit 30C shown in FIG. 17 may be employed. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection example between a signal line and a scanning line constituting a detection electrode of a pressure sensor which is a modification example of FIG. 16 and a voltage detector.

  The plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL forming the detection electrodes of the pressure detection unit 30C illustrated in FIG. 17 are electrically connected to the voltage detector DET as described below. That is, a part of the plurality of signal lines SGL adjacent to each other among the plurality of signal lines SGL is connected to the voltage detector DET, and the other part is electrically separated from the voltage detector DET. Further, a part of the plurality of scanning lines GCL adjacent to each other among the plurality of scanning lines GCL is connected to the voltage detector DET, and the other part is electrically separated from the voltage detector DET.

  In the case of a configuration in which some of the plurality of signal lines SGL or the plurality of scanning lines GCL are not connected to the voltage detector DET as in the pressure detection unit 30C, the voltage detector is similar to the pressure detection unit 30B shown in FIG. The number of DETs can be reduced. However, the capacitance value of the capacitance element C2 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 increases as the plane area of the detection electrode increases. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy by increasing the capacitance of the capacitive element C2, the pressure detector 30B shown in FIG. 16 is more preferable.

  In the case of the pressure detecting unit 30C shown in FIG. 17, when the signal line SGL or the scanning line GCL not connected to the voltage detector DET is connected to another circuit during the pressure detecting operation period, the above connection is made. It is preferable to apply the active shield method by applying the detection waveform of the waveform V2 shown in FIG. 15 to the signal line SGL or the scanning line GCL which is not provided. Thereby, formation of a parasitic capacitance with the signal line SGL or the scanning line GCL connected to the voltage detector DET can be suppressed. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 17, it is preferable that the unconnected signal line SGL or scanning line GCL be electrically separated from other circuits during the pressure detection operation. Parasitic capacitance is unlikely to be formed in a floating conductor pattern that is not connected to other circuits.

  Further, as another modification example of FIG. 16, a connection such as the pressure detection unit 30D shown in FIG. 18 may be employed. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of connection between signal lines and scanning lines constituting a detection electrode of a pressure sensor, which is another modification example of FIG. 16, and a voltage detector.

  The detection electrodes of the pressure detection unit 30D illustrated in FIG. 18 include a plurality of signal lines SGL and a plurality of scanning lines GCL. This is the same as the pressure detector 30B shown in FIG. However, in the case of the pressure detection unit 30D, the timing at which the detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the timing at which the detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL are determined. It is divided in time. In other words, in the pressure detection method using the pressure detection unit 30D, the detection operation period during which the detection signal Vdet1 is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL and the detection operation period during which the detection signal Vdet2 is output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL include: It is performed in a time sharing manner. In other words, the pressure detection unit 30D outputs the detection signal Vdet from one of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of scanning lines GCL, and then outputs the detection signal Vdet from the other.

  For example, in the example illustrated in FIG. 18, the plurality of signal lines SGL are divided into n detection units including a detection block DUa1, a detection block DUa2,..., A detection block DUan. The plurality of scanning lines GCL are divided into m detection units including a detection block DUb1, a detection block DUb2,..., A detection block DUbm. On the other hand, the detection circuit unit 40 includes s voltage detectors DET including voltage detectors DET1, voltage detectors DET2,..., Voltage detectors DETs.

  Here, during a period in which the detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL, the detection block DUa1 and the voltage detector DET1, the detection block DUa2 and the voltage detector DET2,. The signal line SGL is electrically connected to the plurality of voltage detectors DET. At this time, each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is electrically separated from the voltage detector DET. Thus, the detection signals Vdet1 output from the plurality of signal lines SGL are selectively detected.

  On the other hand, during a period in which the detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL, the plurality of scans are performed in the order of the detection block DUb1 and the voltage detector DET1, the detection block DUb2 and the voltage detector DET2,. The line GCL is electrically connected to the plurality of voltage detectors DET. At this time, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is electrically separated from the voltage detector DET. Thereby, the detection signals Vdet2 output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL are selectively detected.

  The connection is switched between a period in which the detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of signal lines SGL and a period in which the detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12) is output from the plurality of scanning lines GCL. Can be performed.

  In the case of the pressure sensor shown in FIG. 18, the number of the voltage detectors DET may be the larger one of the above n and m. Therefore, the number of voltage detectors DET can be significantly reduced as compared with the examples shown in FIGS.

  Further, when pressure detection is performed using the pressure detection unit 30D, as described above, there are wires that are not connected to the voltage detector DET during the pressure detection operation. Therefore, as described above, from the viewpoint of reducing the parasitic capacitance and improving the detection accuracy of pressure detection, the waveform V2 is supplied to a plurality of wirings electrically separated from the voltage detector DET during the pressure detection operation. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the active shield method.

  Further, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the example of the display device DP1 in which the hollow space 9 is provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2 has been described. However, as in the display device DP2 shown in FIG. 19, an elastic body 9A that is more easily elastically deformed than the array substrate 2 may be provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a display device that is a modification example of FIG.

  The display device DP2 shown in FIG. 19 has an elastic body 9A provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. The elastic body 9A is a member that is more easily elastically deformed than the array substrate 2 and the substrate 21 shown in FIG. In other words, it is a member having lower elasticity than the array substrate 2 and the substrate 21 shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 19, a plurality of elastic bodies 9A are provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. The thickness of the plurality of elastic bodies 9A, that is, the total length in the direction perpendicular to the lower surface 2b of the array substrate 2 is larger than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 shown in FIG.

  In the case where a plurality of layers of the elastic body 9A are provided as in the display device DP2, the larger the total thickness of the hollow space 9 is, the larger the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitive element C2 shown in FIGS. can do. That is, according to the present modification, the change in the capacitance value that changes due to the pressure applied from the outside can be increased, so that the influence of the noise component can be reduced. Thereby, the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor can be improved.

  Note that, as a modification example of FIG. 19, one elastic body 9A may be provided. In this case, by making the thickness of one elastic body 9A at least thicker than the liquid crystal layer 4 shown in FIG. 6, the amount of change in the capacitance value of the capacitive element C2 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 can be increased. Further, the thickness of one elastic body 9A is preferably equal to or greater than the thickness of the array substrate 2.

  When a plurality of elastic bodies 9A are provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2 as described above, "thickness of the elastic body" means the total thickness of the plurality of elastic bodies 9A. I do.

  In addition, FIG. 5 illustrates an example in which the hollow space 9 is provided as an elastic deformation layer that promotes local elastic deformation of the pressure sensor, and FIG. 19 illustrates an example in which the elastic body 9A is provided. However, the example shown in FIG. 5 and the example shown in FIG. 19 can be combined and applied. For example, although illustration is omitted, when gaps are provided at a plurality of places between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2, a hollow space 9 is provided in some of the gaps, and an elastic body is provided in the other of the gaps. 9A may be provided.

  FIG. 19 shows an example in which a self-capacitance type pressure sensor is used. Therefore, the wiring WFS shown in FIG. 5 is not provided in FIG. However, the elastic body 9A shown in FIG. 19 may be provided in the mutual capacitance type pressure sensor as shown in FIG. In the self-capacitance pressure sensor shown in FIG. 19, the hollow space 9 shown in FIG. 5 may be provided.

  5 and 19, the conductor pattern 8 is provided further below the light guide plate 7 provided on the lower surface 2b side of the array substrate 2 in order to increase the separation distance between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. I have. In other words, in the display devices DP1 and DP2, the polarizing plate 5 and the light guide plate 7 are provided between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2.

  However, if the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor can be sufficiently improved, other members do not have to be arranged between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2. For example, when an organic EL is used as the display function layer, an optical function film such as the polarizing plate 5 or the light guide plate 7 may not be provided.

  FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a display device that is a modification example of FIG. In FIG. 20, the conductor pattern 8 is provided with a pattern to make the position of the conductor pattern 8 easier to see. If the pressure sensor is stably deformed according to the pressure applied from the outside, the accuracy of detecting the pressure can be improved, and therefore, other than the polarizing plate 5 and the light guide plate 7 between the conductor pattern 8 and the array substrate 2 May be provided. For example, in the case of a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6) as the display function layer, a prism sheet PF1 (see FIG. 20) and a light diffusion sheet PF2 (see FIG. 20) are provided between the light guide plate 7 and the polarizing plate 5. See, for example, a plurality of optical functional films may be provided. Further, in the case where an optical function film such as a prism sheet PF1 or a light diffusion sheet PF2, which is an optical function film, is provided between the light guide plate 7 and the polarizing plate 5, as in the display device DP3 shown in FIG. The conductive pattern 8 may be deposited on one main surface of the optical function film. In this case, since the conductor pattern 8 is required to have optical transparency, it is preferably formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or tin oxide (SnO). .

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, the display device including the pressure sensor has been described as the input device. In this embodiment, a display device including a pressure sensor and a touch sensor as input devices will be described. FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a display device which is a modification example of FIG.

  Note that the display device according to the present embodiment is different from the above-described first embodiment in further including a touch sensor as an input device. However, the portion of the pressure sensor and the portion of the display unit are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated, and only the differences from the above-described first embodiment will be mainly described.

  The main body 10 included in the display device DP3 illustrated in FIG. 21 has a pressure detection function, a touch detection function, and a display function. That is, the main body unit 10 includes the display unit 20 that is a display device that outputs an image or a video, the pressure detection unit 30 that is a pressure sensor, and the touch detection unit 50 that is a touch sensor. Further, the display device DP3 includes a detection circuit unit 60 which is a circuit unit for touch detection in addition to the detection circuit unit 40 described as the circuit unit for pressure detection in the first embodiment, and Embodiment 1 is different from Embodiment 1.

  The main body unit 10 is a display device in which the display unit 20, the pressure detection unit 30, and the touch detection unit 50 are integrated, and has a built-in pressure detection function and a touch detection function, that is, an in-cell type touch detection function. And a display device with a pressure detection function.

  The touch detection unit 50 operates based on the principle of touch detection using a change in capacitance due to proximity of a dielectric such as a finger, which will be described later, and outputs a detection signal VTdet.

  The control unit 11 supplies control signals to the gate driver 12, the source driver 13, the drive driver 14, the detection circuit unit 40, and the detection circuit unit 60 based on the video signal Vdisp supplied from the outside. Are circuits that perform control so as to operate in synchronization with each other.

  The drive driver 14 is a circuit that supplies a drive signal Vcom to a drive electrode COML (see FIGS. 24 and 25 described later) included in the main body 10 based on a control signal supplied from the control unit 11. . In FIG. 21, for the sake of clarity, one drive signal Vts used for the touch detection unit 50, one drive signal Vcom used for the display unit 20, and one drive signal Vfs applied for the pressure sensor are used. Is shown.

  In addition, the detection circuit unit 60 determines whether or not a finger or an input jig approaches the touch detection unit 50 based on the control signal supplied from the control unit 11 and the detection signal VTdet supplied from the touch detection unit 50 of the main body unit 10. This is a circuit for detecting the presence / absence. The detection circuit section 60 is a circuit that electrically determines whether or not a finger or an input jig approaches the touch detection area of the touch detection section 50 of the main body section, and outputs obtained information. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 21, the detection circuit unit 60 includes a detection signal amplification unit 62, an A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion unit 63, a signal processing unit 64, a coordinate extraction unit 65, and a detection control unit. 66.

  Note that the functions provided in each part of the detection circuit unit 60 shown in FIG. 21 correspond to the functions provided in each part of the detection circuit unit 40 described in the first embodiment, and thus redundant description will be omitted.

<Principle of touch detection using change in capacitance>
Next, the principle of touch detection in the display device DP3 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a state where the finger is separated from the touch sensor. FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a finger is in contact with the touch sensor.

  Note that the pressure sensor described in the first embodiment and the touch sensor of the present embodiment are similar in that a change in the capacitance of the capacitance element is electrically detected, converted into a voltage signal, and output. It is. Therefore, in this section, description of portions common to the pressure sensor described in Embodiment 1 will be omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the capacitance type touch sensor has electrodes E3 and E4 which are arranged to face each other with a dielectric D interposed therebetween. The capacitor C3 is formed between the electrode E3 and the electrode E4. One end of the capacitive element C3 is connected to an AC signal source S that is a drive signal source, and the other end of the capacitive element C3 is connected to a voltage detector DET that is a touch detection circuit. The voltage detector DET includes, for example, an integration circuit included in the detection signal amplifier 62 shown in FIG. The structure of the voltage detector DET is the same as in the first embodiment.

  When an AC rectangular wave Sg having a frequency of, for example, about several kHz to several hundreds kHz is applied to one end of the capacitive element C3, for example, the electrode E3 from the AC signal source S, the other end of the capacitive element C3, for example, the electrode E4 side A detection signal VTdet, which is an output waveform, is generated via the connected voltage detector DET. The AC rectangular wave Sg corresponds to, for example, the drive signal Vfs shown in FIG.

  In a state where the finger is not in contact with or in proximity to the finger, that is, in a non-contact state, as shown in FIG. 22, a current corresponding to the capacitance value of the capacitive element C3 flows as the capacitive element C3 is charged and discharged.

  On the other hand, when the finger is in contact with or in proximity to the finger as shown in FIG. 23, that is, in the contact state, the capacitance of the capacitor E4 is affected by the capacitance C4 formed by the finger, and the capacitance of the capacitor C3 formed by the electrode E3 and the electrode E4. Becomes smaller. Therefore, the current flowing through the capacitor C3 illustrated in FIG. 23 varies.

  Then, the voltage detector DET converts the fluctuation of the current flowing through the capacitive element C3 into the fluctuation of the voltage and outputs it as the detection signal VTdet. The operation of the voltage detector DET is the same as in the first embodiment.

  After the above, each of the detection signal amplification unit 62, A / D conversion unit 63, signal processing unit 64, coordinate extraction unit 65, and detection control unit 66 included in the detection circuit unit 60 illustrated in FIG. The same operation as that of each unit included in the detection circuit unit 40 described in 1 is performed, and the touch panel coordinates are output as the output signal VTout.

<Example of configuration of display device including touch detection unit>
Next, a configuration example of a display device including a touch sensor will be described. FIG. 24 is a sectional view showing an example of the display device shown in FIG. FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a touch sensor included in the display device illustrated in FIG.

  In FIG. 24, the liquid crystal layer 4 and the TFT layer 25 provided between the array substrate 2 and the counter substrate 3 are locally shown between the TFT layer 25 and the color filter layer 32 in order to make it easier to see. It is shown enlarged. In FIG. 24, the pixel electrode 22, the drive electrode COML, the scanning line GCL, and the signal line SGL are hatched to facilitate identification of the electrode and the conductor pattern, and the detection electrode TDL of the touch sensor and the conductor pattern of the pressure sensor are provided. 8 is provided with a dot pattern. The pressure sensor shown in FIG. 24 is an example of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor described with reference to FIGS. Therefore, the wiring WFS shown in FIG. 5 is not connected to the conductor pattern 8 of the display device DP3 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 25 shows an embodiment in which the drive electrode COML is used as a drive electrode for a touch sensor as a configuration example of a mutual capacitance type touch sensor.

  As shown in FIG. 25, the touch detection unit 50 is provided on the upper surface 3t of the counter substrate 3, and is provided on the array substrate 2 with a plurality of detection electrodes TDL operating as detection electrodes for touch detection. And a plurality of drive electrodes COML that operate as the drive electrodes.

  The plurality of drive electrodes COML each extend in a direction intersecting the direction in which each of the plurality of detection electrodes TDL extends in plan view. In other words, the plurality of drive electrodes COML are arranged at intervals from each other so as to intersect with the plurality of detection electrodes TDL in plan view. Each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML faces the detection electrode TDL in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21 included in the array substrate 2 (see FIG. 24).

  The detection circuit section 60 is formed on, for example, the semiconductor chip 51 for touch detection shown in FIG. 24, and the plurality of detection electrodes TDL shown in FIG. 25 are formed by the detection signal amplification section 62 of the detection circuit section 60 (see FIG. 21). Connected to each other.

  In addition, the drive driver 14 that outputs the drive signal Vts in the touch detection operation is formed on the semiconductor chip 19 illustrated in FIG. 24, and the plurality of drive electrodes COML are electrically connected to the drive driver 14 of the semiconductor chip 19. . In addition, the semiconductor chip 51 for touch detection is electrically connected to the semiconductor chip 19 via the wiring WTS.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the detection signals VTdet output from the plurality of detection electrodes TDL illustrated in FIG. 25 are output to the detection circuit unit 60 for touch detection formed on the semiconductor chip 51. The semiconductor chip 51 is mounted on, for example, the upper surface 3t of the counter substrate 3, as shown in FIG.

  The operation of each part of the detection circuit unit 60 at the time of the touch detection operation is the same as that of the pressure detection operation described with reference to FIG.

  FIGS. 22 and 23 show the basic detection principle of the capacitive touch sensor, and there are various modifications. For example, in FIGS. 22 to 25, an example of a mutual capacitance type touch sensor has been described. However, as described with reference to FIGS. You may use it.

  24 and 25 illustrate the in-cell type touch sensor in which the drive electrode COML included in the display unit 20 (see FIG. 21) is used as a drive electrode for touch detection. However, an on-cell type touch sensor in which an electrode for touch detection is formed separately from an electrode or wiring for a display device may be used.

<Preferred embodiment of display device including pressure detection unit and touch detection unit>
As described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23, in the case of a touch sensor, the fact that a dielectric such as a finger or an input jig is brought close to the capacitive element C <b> 3 makes use of the fact that the current flowing through the capacitive element C <b> 3 fluctuates. , To detect the presence or absence of a touch. Therefore, the pressure sensor is different from the pressure sensor in that it is preferable that the distance between the electrode E3 and the electrode E4 does not change.

  In the case of a touch sensor, it is a premise of the detection operation that a dielectric such as a finger is brought close to or in contact with the dielectric. For this reason, in the case of a display device including both a touch sensor and a pressure sensor as in the present embodiment, it is particularly preferable to reduce the influence of noise on the pressure sensor due to the approach of a finger.

  As described in the first embodiment, the drive electrode COML is provided between the liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6) and the plurality of signal lines SGL. In a plan view, the drive electrode COML is provided so as to overlap the plurality of signal lines SGL. This reduces the influence of noise on the pressure sensor due to the finger approaching the display surface, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor.

  Further, by supplying a fixed potential or a pulse potential to the drive electrode COML during the pressure detection operation period FLfs (see FIG. 10), the shielding effect of the drive electrode COML is greatly improved, and the finger approaches the display surface side. This can further reduce the noise effect on the pressure sensor.

  Further, as described above, in the case of a capacitance type pressure sensor, the presence or absence of pressure application is determined based on a capacitance change according to a distance between electrodes forming a capacitance element. In this case, when the state of the detection environment of the pressure sensor, for example, the environment temperature, the presence or absence of vibration, or the presence or absence of a peripheral noise source changes, the waveform of the detection signal easily changes. In particular, in the case of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor described with reference to FIGS.

  Therefore, it is preferable to calibrate the waveform V0 (see FIG. 4) of the detection signal of the pressure sensor to reduce a detection error due to an environmental change factor. Thereby, the detection sensitivity of the pressure sensor can be improved.

  Here, in the case of a display device having a touch sensor and a pressure sensor as in this embodiment, a finger may touch the display device when performing calibration. As described above, by providing the drive electrode COML between the liquid crystal layer 4 (see FIG. 6) and the plurality of signal lines SGL, it is possible to reduce the influence of noise on the pressure sensor. However, it is difficult to completely eliminate the noise effect that occurs when a finger is in contact. For this reason, when performing calibration, it is preferable to preferentially use the calibration data when the effect of noise from the finger is small.

  Therefore, from the viewpoint of considering the influence of a finger when performing calibration, the output signal VTout output from the detection circuit unit 60 for the touch sensor is input to the detection circuit unit 40 for pressure detection as shown in FIG. Is preferred. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 21, the output signal VTout is input to the detection control unit 46 of the detection circuit unit 40.

  For example, when the information on the coordinate position of the finger at the time of performing the calibration is acquired, the detection control unit 46 can exclude the data of the detection signal around the coordinate position of the finger. Further, for example, if information on the presence or absence of a touch at the time of performing calibration is obtained, calibration can be performed again based on the information.

  As described above, in order to input the output signal VTout output from the detection circuit unit 60 for the touch sensor to the detection circuit unit 40 for pressure detection, the detection circuit unit 40 and the detection circuit unit 60 are electrically connected. There is a need to. In the example shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the semiconductor chip 51 on which the detection circuit unit 60 is formed and the semiconductor chip 19 on which the detection circuit unit 40 is formed are electrically connected via the wiring WTS. Thereby, the detection circuit unit 40 and the detection circuit unit 60 can be electrically connected.

  Further, from the viewpoint of speeding up the process of inputting the output signal VTout output from the detection circuit unit 60 for the touch sensor to the detection circuit unit 40 for pressure detection, the detection circuit unit 40 and the detection circuit unit 60 are the same. Preferably, it is formed on the device. FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a display device which is a modification example of FIG. FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a display device which is another modification example of FIG.

  In the case of the display device DP4 illustrated in FIG. 26, the detection circuit unit 40 and the detection circuit unit 60 are formed on the semiconductor chip 51. In other words, the display device DP4 illustrated in FIG. 26 includes the semiconductor chip 51 in which the detection circuit unit 40 that performs the pressure detection operation and the detection circuit unit 60 that performs the touch detection operation are formed. The semiconductor chip 51 is, for example, a device mounted on the upper surface 31t of the substrate 31 included in the counter substrate 3, similarly to the display device DP3 illustrated in FIG. As described above, if the detection circuit unit 40 and the detection circuit unit 60 are formed in the same device and are electrically connected to each other, the output signal VTout output from the detection circuit unit 60 for the touch sensor is converted into a pressure signal. It is possible to speed up the process of inputting to the detection circuit unit 40 for detection.

  The display device DP5 shown in FIG. 27 includes the detection circuit unit 70 that performs the above-described pressure detection operation and touch detection operation. As described above, the pressure sensor described in Embodiment 1 and the touch sensor described in this embodiment transmit the change in the capacitance value of the capacitor as a detection signal to the detection circuit portion, and the detection circuit portion detects the pressure change. This is common in that the presence or absence of application or the presence or absence of touch is determined and the result is output.

  Therefore, the electrical processing for the detection signal is the same, and the pressure detection operation and the touch detection operation can be sequentially performed using one detection circuit unit 70 as shown in FIG. The detection circuit unit 70 is a circuit that electrically determines whether or not pressure is applied to a pressure detection region of the pressure detection unit 30 of the main body unit, and outputs obtained information. The detection circuit unit 70 is also a circuit that electrically determines the presence or absence of a touch on the touch detection area of the touch detection unit 50 of the main unit and outputs the obtained information.

  For example, in the example shown in FIG. 27, the detection circuit unit 70 includes a detection signal amplification unit 72, an A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion unit 73, a signal processing unit 74, a coordinate extraction unit 75, and a detection control unit. 76. The detection signal amplifier 72 has the function of the detection signal amplifier 42 and the function of the detection signal amplifier 62 shown in FIG. The A / D converter 73 shown in FIG. 27 has the function of the A / D converter 43 and the function of the A / D converter 63 shown in FIG. The signal processing unit 74 illustrated in FIG. 27 has the function of the signal processing unit 44 and the function of the signal processing unit 64 illustrated in FIG. 27 has the function of the coordinate extracting unit 45 and the function of the coordinate extracting unit 65 shown in FIG. 27 has the function of the detection control unit 46 and the function of the detection control unit 66 shown in FIG.

  In the example shown in FIG. 27, the type of the detection signal input to the detection circuit unit 70 and the type of the control signal are switched using the switches SW1 and SW2. Thereby, the detection circuit unit 70 can sequentially switch between the pressure detection operation and the touch detection operation.

  As in the display device DP5, the number of circuits can be reduced by using the detection circuit unit 70 for both pressure detection and touch detection. As a result, the area of the semiconductor chip 51 on which the detection circuit section 70 is formed can be reduced.

  Further, in the case of the display device DP5, the output signal VTout can be transmitted to the detection control unit 76 by the wiring in the detection circuit unit 70. In other words, the pressure detection operation and the touch detection operation are controlled by the detection control unit 76, which is the same control circuit. This makes it possible to speed up the process of inputting the output signal VTout output from the touch sensor detection circuit unit 60 to the pressure detection detection circuit unit 40.

(Embodiment 3)
In the first embodiment, the embodiment of the self-capacitance type pressure sensor has been described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, a preferred embodiment of a peripheral circuit connected to a self-capacitance type pressure sensor will be described. FIGS. 28 and 29 are explanatory diagrams schematically showing a configuration example of a display device including any one of the pressure sensors shown in FIGS. 16 to 18. FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the timing at which the display operation and the pressure detection operation of the display device shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 are performed. 28 and 29, the number of the scanning lines GCL, the number of the signal lines SGL, and the number of the driving electrodes COML are shown in a small state for easy viewing. FIG. 28 shows the on / off state of a plurality of switches in the detection operation period FLfsx shown in FIG. 30, and FIG. 29 shows the on / off state of the plurality of switches in the detection operation period FLfsy shown in FIG.

  In the third embodiment, a plurality of types of display devices will be described, including a modified example described later. Each of the plurality of display devices described in Embodiment 3 is a display device including a pressure sensor using a self-capacitance method, among the display devices described in Embodiment 1. In the third embodiment, the configuration of the circuit connected to the self-capacitance type pressure sensor will be supplementarily described with respect to the contents already described in the first embodiment. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the description of the portions already described in the first embodiment will be omitted, and the description will be focused on the differences from the first embodiment. Further, the technology described in the third embodiment can be applied in combination with the technology described in the second embodiment.

  In the circuit configuration example of the display device illustrated in FIG. 8 described in the first embodiment, each of the plurality of scan lines GCL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends along the X direction, and the plurality of signal lines SGL It extends along a Y direction intersecting (for example, orthogonally) to the direction. In the display operation period FLdp (see FIG. 10), a structure in which the drive electrode COML to which a common potential is supplied to a plurality of pixels Pix (see FIG. 8) extends along the X direction is called a horizontal comb structure. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 28, the plurality of scanning lines GCL extend along the X direction, and the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML intersect (for example, orthogonally) the Y direction in the X direction. Extending. A structure in which the drive electrode COML extends along the Y direction as in the display device DP6 shown in FIG. 28 is called a vertical comb structure. In the third embodiment, first, a display device having a vertical comb structure will be described as an example, and then a case where the display device is applied to a horizontal comb structure will also be described.

  In the display device DP6 illustrated in FIGS. 28 and 29, similarly to the pressure detection unit 30B described with reference to FIG. 12, each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of signal lines SGL detects pressure by a self-capacitance method. It is used as an electrode E2 (see FIG. 12) which is a detection electrode. In other words, the configuration of the display device DP6 can be expressed as follows. That is, in a plan view along the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21, on the upper surface 21t side, there are a plurality of scanning lines GCL extending along the X direction and a plurality of signal lines SGL extending along the Y direction intersecting the X direction. Is provided. Each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is electrically connected to a detection circuit unit 40X that detects a pressure due to contact with an external object by a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12). It is connected. As shown in FIG. 30, in the detection operation period FLfsx for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12), a pulse potential is applied to the plurality of scanning lines GCL. A certain drive signal Vfs is supplied. Further, a detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12) based on the drive signal Vfs is output to the detection circuit unit 40X illustrated in FIG. 28 via the plurality of scanning lines GCL. Further, as shown in FIG. 29, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL detects a pressure due to a contact of an external object by a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the conductor pattern 8A. Is electrically connected to As shown in FIG. 30, in a detection operation period FLfsy for detecting a change in capacitance value between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the conductor pattern 8A, the drive signal Vfs which is a pulse potential with respect to the plurality of signal lines SGL is provided. Supplied. Further, a detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) based on the drive signal Vfs is output to the detection circuit unit 40Y (see FIG. 29) via a plurality of signal lines SGL.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the detection circuit unit 40X that detects an output signal from the detection electrode (that is, the scanning line GCL) extending along the X direction and the detection electrode that extends along the Y direction (that is, , And a detection circuit section 40Y for detecting an output signal from the signal line SGL) are provided independently of each other. However, the detection circuit unit 40X and the detection circuit unit 40Y may not be independent of each other. For example, the semiconductor chip 19S has one detection circuit unit 40, and each of the detection electrodes extending along the X direction and the detection electrodes extending along the Y direction sends a detection signal Vdet1 to the one detection circuit unit 40. And the detection signal Vdet2 may be output.

  In the examples shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the drive driver 14S is provided independently of the detection circuit unit 40. The drive driver 14S is a drive circuit for a detection operation that outputs the drive signal Vfs or the guard signal Vgd shown in FIG. 30 during the detection operation period FLfsx and the detection operation period FLfsy shown in FIG. Therefore, the drive driver 14S may form a part of the detection circuit unit 40.

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 30, the unit frame FL1 is time-divided into a plurality of display operation periods FLdp, a detection operation period FLfsx, and a detection operation period FLfsy, and the display operation period FLdp and the detection operation period (the detection operation period FLfsx or the detection operation period). The period FLfsy) is performed alternately. As shown in FIG. 30, during the display operation period FLdp, the drive driver 14 (see FIG. 28) supplies the drive signal Vcom to the drive electrode COML. In the example shown in FIG. 28, the display device DP6 includes a semiconductor chip 19D, which is a display control chip on which a circuit that mainly controls the operation of the display unit 20 (see FIG. 1) is formed, and a pressure detection unit 30 (see FIG. 1) is provided with a semiconductor chip 19S which is a detection operation control chip on which a circuit for controlling the operation is formed. The drive signal Vcom shown in FIG. 30 is supplied to the drive electrodes COML from the drive driver 14D formed on the semiconductor chip 19D among the drive drivers 14 shown in FIG. The drive driver 14D is a drive circuit for a display operation.

  In the display operation period FLdp shown in FIG. 30, the gate driver 12 (see FIG. 28) applies the scanning signal Vscan to the scanning line GCL. The scanning signal Vscan is a signal for controlling the on / off operation of the TFT element tr shown in FIG. 8, and has a waveform different from the driving signal Vfs. In the example shown in FIG. 30, the scanning signal Vscan is a rectangular wave having an absolute value of the potential larger than that of the driving signal Vfs. As shown in FIG. 30, when a scanning signal Vscan having a higher potential than the reference potential is input to the TFT element Tr, the TFT element Tr is turned on, and as shown by a broken line in FIG. When the potential scanning signal Vscan is input to the TFT element Tr, the TFT element Tr is turned off. In the example illustrated in FIG. 28, among the wiring paths connected to the scanning line GCL, a wiring path VGH that is a supply path of a relatively high potential is electrically connected to the scanning line GCL via the switch SWgH. . Further, among the wiring paths connected to the scanning line GCL, a wiring path VGL, which is a supply path of a relatively low potential, is electrically connected to the scanning line GCL via the switch SWgL. When the switch SWgH is turned on and the switch SWgL is turned off, a relatively high potential is supplied to the scanning line GCL. Thereby, the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) is turned on, for example. Conversely, when the switch SWgL is turned on and the switch SWgH is turned off, a relatively low potential is supplied to the scanning line GCL. Thereby, the TFT element Tr is turned off, for example. Then, by controlling the on / off operation of the switches SWgH and SWgL, the waveform illustrated in FIG. 30 is formed.

  As described in the first embodiment, the gate driver 12 controls the horizontal driving of the display unit 20 (see FIG. 1) based on the control signal supplied from the control unit 11 (see FIG. 1). It has a function of sequentially selecting lines, that is, a function of controlling the on / off operation of the TFT element Tr shown in FIG. If a malfunction occurs in the selection operation by the scanning signal Vscan, it causes display failure. The on / off control of the TFT element Tr used as a switch for the selection operation is performed at a relatively high voltage as compared with other switches. Therefore, the scanning signal Vscan supplied to the TFT element Tr that is turned on and off at a high voltage has a higher potential than other driving signals. For example, the drive signal Vfs for pressure detection shown in FIG. 30 operates at a potential of about 1.5 V ± 1 V (volt). On the other hand, the TFT element Tr is on / off controlled at a potential of about ± 4.0 V, for example, and the potential of the scanning signal Vscan when the TFT element Tr is turned off is about −6 V ± 1 V (volt).

  In the display operation period FLdp shown in FIG. 30, the source driver 13 (see FIG. 1) supplies the pixel signal Vpix to the signal line SGL with the pixel signal Vpix of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer serving as the display function layer. This is a video signal for generating an electric field for changing the orientation, and has a waveform different from that of the drive signal Vfs. However, since the pixel signal Vpix is not a signal for turning on and off the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8), the pixel signal Vpix is controlled at a potential whose absolute value is relatively small as compared with the scanning signal Vscan.

  Next, in a detection operation period FLfsx for detecting a change in capacitance between the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12), the driving driver 14S supplies the driving signal Vfs to the scanning lines GCL. I do. In the detection operation period FLfsx, as shown in FIG. 28, the switch SWgs1 connected to each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the scanning line GCL via the switch SWgs1. Further, the switches SWgH and SWgL connected between each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the gate driver 12 are turned off. In the example illustrated in FIG. 28, the drive driver 14S is electrically connected to the switch SWgs1 via the detection circuit unit 40X. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the scanning line GCL via the detection circuit unit 40X.

In the example shown in FIG. 30, the active shield method is applied to the signal line SGL and the drive electrode COML. That is, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the signal line SGL and the drive electrode COML with the guard signal Vgd, which is a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs. In the detection operation period FLfsx, as shown in FIG. 28, the switch SWss1 connected between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the drive driver 14S is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the signal line SGL via the switch SWss1. In the detection operation period FLfsx, the switch SWcs1 connected between the drive electrode COML and the drive driver 14S is turned on. In other words, during the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the drive electrode COML via the switch SWcs1. In the example shown in FIG. 28, the driving driver 14S is connected switches SWss1 and the switch SW cs1 and electrically via the detection circuit unit 40Y. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the signal line SGL and the drive electrode COML via the detection circuit unit 40Y. Although illustration is omitted, as a modification to FIG. 28, that is, the drive driver 14S may be electrically connected to the signal line SGL and the drive electrode COML without passing through the detection circuit unit 40Y. In this case, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the signal line SGL and the drive electrode COML without passing through the detection circuit unit 40Y.

  FIG. 28 illustrates an example in which the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 30) is applied to each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL at the same timing. However, as a modification, the drive signal Vfs may be sequentially applied to each detection block among the plurality of scanning lines GCL. In this case, a part of the switches SWgs1 connected to each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is turned on, and the other part is turned off. Further, in this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to an unselected scanning line GCL among the plurality of scanning lines GCL. When the active shield method is applied to an unselected scanning line GCL, the switch SWgs1 connected to the unselected scanning line GCL is turned off and connected to the unselected scanning line GCL. At least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL is on. This can reduce the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the scanning line GCL that operates as an electrode for pressure detection and the conductor pattern around the scanning line GCL in the detection operation period FLfsx.

  Further, in the example shown in FIG. 30, the detection operation period FLfsx for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12), the plurality of signal lines SGL and the conductor pattern 8A, The display operation period FLdp is between the detection operation period FLfsy for detecting a change in the capacitance value during the period. In the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 29) supplies the drive signal Vfs to the signal line SGL. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 29, the switch SWss1 connected to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 30) to the signal line SGL via the switch SWss1. In the example illustrated in FIG. 29, the drive driver 14S is electrically connected to the switch SWss1 via the detection circuit unit 40Y. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the signal line SGL via the detection circuit unit 40Y. The switch SWss2 connected between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the drive electrode COML is off. In the detection operation period FLfsy, each of the plurality of switches SWgs1 that connects each of the detection circuit unit 40X and each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is off.

  In the example shown in FIG. 30, the active shield method is applied to the scanning lines GCL and the driving electrodes COML. That is, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 29) supplies the scan line GCL and the drive electrode COML with the guard signal Vgd, which is a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 29, at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL connected between each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the drive driver 14S is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the scanning line GCL via at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL. “At least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL” has the following meaning. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 29, the switch SWgL is on and the switch SWgH is off. However, as a modification, both the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL may be turned on. Alternatively, the switch SWgH may be on and the switch SWgL may be off.

  In the detection operation period FLfsy, the switch SWcs1 connected between the drive electrode COML and the drive driver 14S is turned on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the drive electrode COML via the switch SWcs1.

  FIG. 29 illustrates an example in which the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 30) is applied to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL at the same timing. However, as a modification, the drive signal Vfs may be sequentially applied to each of the detection blocks in the plurality of signal lines SGL. In this case, part of the switch SWss1 connected to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is turned on, and the other part is turned off. In this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to the unselected signal lines SGL among the plurality of signal lines SGL. When the active shield method is applied to an unselected signal line SGL, the switch SWss2 connected to the unselected signal line SGL is turned on. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the signal line SGL operating as the electrode for pressure detection and the conductor pattern around the signal line SGL in the detection operation period FLfsy.

  As in the third embodiment, when each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of signal lines SGL is used as an electrode E2 (see FIG. 12) which is a detection electrode for detecting pressure by a self-capacitance method, Even in the case of the capacitance method, the coordinates of the plane position to which the pressure is applied can be determined.

<Preferred mode when supplying drive signal to scanning line>
By the way, as described above, the absolute value of the potential of the scanning signal Vscan shown in FIG. 30 is higher than the absolute values of the potentials of the other drive signals. For example, the drive signal Vfs for pressure detection shown in FIG. 30 and the detection circuit unit 40 shown in FIG. 28 operate at a potential of about 1.5 V ± 1 V (volt). On the other hand, the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) is turned on / off at a potential of, for example, about ± 4.0 V, and the potential of the scanning signal Vscan when the TFT element Tr is turned off is about −6 V ± 1 V (volt). is there.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 28, when a plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes for pressure detection, when the drive signal Vfs for pressure detection is supplied to the scanning lines GCL as it is, the TFT element Tr ( 8) may operate. For example, when a drive signal Vfs for detecting pressure of +1.5 V is supplied while a potential of −6 V (volt) is supplied to the TFT element Tr and the TFT element Tr is turned off, the TFT element Tr may be turned on. There is. In this case, in a pixel in which the TFT element Tr is turned on, an image is erroneously displayed based on the potential supplied to the signal line SGL in the on state.

  Therefore, when the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes for pressure detection, as illustrated in FIG. 28, each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the detection circuit unit 40 are electrically connected to each other via the capacitive element Cdc. Preferably they are connected. The capacitive element Cdc is connected in series via the capacitive element Cdc, and functions as an AC coupling element that couples two circuits that operate at mutually different AC voltages. In other words, when an AC signal having the first voltage passes through the capacitive element Cdc, it is offset to the second voltage.

  For example, in the example shown in FIG. 28, a drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 30) which is an AC signal is output from the drive driver 14S at a voltage of 1.5V ± 1V via the detection circuit unit 40X. When the drive signal Vfs passes through the capacitive element Cdc, the drive signal Vfs is offset to a voltage of -6V ± 1V. Therefore, a potential in the range of −6 V ± 1 V is supplied to each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL, so that the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) can be prevented from being turned on.

  When a voltage of about −6 V ± 1 V is output from the scanning line GCL as the detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12), when the detection signal Vdet2 passes through the capacitive element Cdc, the detection signal Vdet2 is offset to a voltage of 1.5V ± 1V. You. Therefore, a voltage of 1.5 V ± 1 V is input to the detection circuit unit 40, so that the detection circuit unit 40 can operate correctly.

  When the drive signal Vfs for pressure detection shown in FIG. 30 and the detection circuit unit 40 shown in FIG. 28 operate at a potential of about −6 V ± 1 V (volt), the capacitance shown in FIGS. Even without the element Cdc, it is possible to prevent the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) from being turned on. Therefore, as a modification of the example shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the capacitive element Cdc shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 may not be provided.

  However, in the above case, since the drive signal Vfs for pressure detection and the detection circuit unit 40 shown in FIG. 28 operate at a high voltage, power consumption increases. In other words, as in the examples shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, if each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the detection circuit unit 40 are electrically connected via the capacitor Cdc, the TFT element Tr ( This can prevent erroneous display due to erroneous operation of FIG. 8) and reduce power consumption of the pressure sensor.

  In the examples shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the drive driver 14S is connected to each of the switches SWgH and SWgL, and applies the guard signal Vgd (see FIG. 30) to the scanning line GCL via the switch SWgH or the switch SWgL. It can be supplied. Since the guard signal Vgd has the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 30), the scanning line GCL may malfunction depending on the potential of the guard signal Vgd. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the display device DP6 has a capacitive element Cdc connected in series between each of the switches SWgH and SWgL and the drive driver 14S.

  As described above, when the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes for pressure detection, as illustrated in FIG. 28, each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the detection circuit unit 40 are connected via the capacitive element Cdc. Preferably, they are electrically connected. However, the situation is different when the signal line SGL is used as a detection electrode for pressure detection. That is, as shown in FIG. 30, the signal line SGL is a wiring to which the pixel signal Vpix is supplied in the display operation period FLdp. The pixel signal Vpix is a signal having a waveform different from that of the drive signal Vfs. However, even if the driving signal Vfs or the guard signal Vgd is supplied to the signal line SGL in the detection operation period FLfsx or the detection operation period FLfsy, if the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) is on, It does not cause erroneous display. For this reason, in the examples shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the detection circuit unit 40 are connected without passing through the capacitive element Cdc.

<Modification of Third Embodiment>
Next, a modified example of the display device DP6 described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a display device which is a modification example of FIG. FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of timing at which the display operation and the pressure detection operation of the display device illustrated in FIG. 31 are performed. In FIG. 31, for the sake of clarity, a wiring path for supplying the guard signal Vgd (see FIG. 32) to the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML shown in FIG. 29 is omitted. ing. The configuration of the wiring path for supplying the guard signal Vgd (see FIG. 32) to the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML is the same as that in FIG. 29, and therefore, in this modified example, FIG. explain.

  In FIGS. 28 and 29, in the self-capacitance type pressure sensor, an embodiment in which each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of signal lines SGL is used as a detection electrode has been described as a configuration capable of determining the coordinates of the planar position. Alternatively, wires and electrodes other than the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of signal lines SGL may be used as detection electrodes of the pressure sensor. For example, the display device DP7 illustrated in FIG. 31 is illustrated in FIG. 28 in that each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML is used as an electrode E2 that is a detection electrode that detects pressure by a self-capacitance method. This is different from the display device DP6.

  The configuration of the display device DP7 can be expressed as follows. That is, in a plan view along the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21, on the upper surface 21t side, a plurality of scanning lines GCL extending in the X direction and a plurality of drive electrodes COML extending in the Y direction intersecting the X direction are provided. Is provided. Each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is electrically connected to a detection circuit unit 40Y that detects a pressure due to contact of an external object based on a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the conductor pattern 8A. As shown in FIG. 32, in the detection operation period FLfsy for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the conductor pattern 8A, the drive signal Vfs which is a pulse potential with respect to the plurality of drive electrodes COML is provided. Supplied. Further, a detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) based on the drive signal Vfs is output to the detection circuit unit 40Y shown in FIG. 31 via the plurality of drive electrodes COML.

  The display device DP7 (see FIG. 31) shown in FIG. 32 also includes a display operation period FLdp and a detection operation period FLfsx. However, the operation of each unit during the display operation period FLdp is the same as that of the display device DP6 (see FIG. 28) described with reference to FIGS. Further, since the display device DP7 uses the plurality of scanning lines GCL as detection electrodes, the operation of each unit in the detection operation period FLfsx is the same as that of the display device DP6 described with reference to FIGS. Therefore, duplicate description will be omitted.

  In the modification shown in FIG. 32, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 31) supplies the drive signal Vfs to the drive electrode COML. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 31, the switch SWcs2 connected to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 32) to the drive electrode COML via the switch SWcs2. In the example illustrated in FIG. 31, the drive driver 14S is electrically connected to the switch SWcs2 via the detection circuit unit 40Y. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the drive electrode COML via the detection circuit unit 40Y. Although not shown in FIG. 31, the switch SWss2 (see FIG. 29) connected between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL (see FIG. 29) and the drive electrode COML is off. In the detection operation period FLfsy, each of the plurality of switches SWgs1 that connects each of the detection circuit unit 40X and each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL is off.

  In the example shown in FIG. 32, the active shield method is applied to the scanning lines GCL and the driving electrodes COML. That is, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 31) supplies a guard signal Vgd, which is a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs, to the scanning line GCL and the signal line SGL. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 31, at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL connected between each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the drive driver 14S is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the scanning line GCL via at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL. In the detection operation period FLfsy, switches (for example, switches SWss1 and SWss2 shown in FIG. 29) connected between the signal line SGL (see FIG. 29) and the drive driver 14S are on.

  FIG. 31 shows an example in which the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 32) is applied to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML at the same timing. However, as a modification, the drive signal Vfs may be sequentially applied to each detection block among the plurality of drive electrodes COML. In this case, part of the switch SWcs2 connected to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is turned on, and the other part is turned off. In this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to the unselected driving electrodes COML among the plurality of driving electrodes COML. When the active shield method is applied to the unselected drive electrode COML, the switch SWcs2 connected to the unselected drive electrode COML is turned off and connected to the unselected drive electrode COML. The switch SWcs1 (see FIG. 29) is on. This can reduce the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the drive electrode COML operating as the pressure detection electrode and the conductor pattern around the drive electrode COML during the detection operation period FLfsy.

  In addition, as described above, when the plurality of scanning lines GCL are used as detection electrodes for pressure detection, as illustrated in FIG. 28, each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the detection circuit unit 40X are connected via the capacitive element Cdc. It is preferable that they are electrically connected. However, the situation is different when the drive electrode COML is used as a detection electrode for pressure detection. That is, as shown in FIG. 32, the drive electrode COML is a wiring to which the drive signal Vcom is supplied in the display operation period FLdp. The drive signal Vcom is a signal having a waveform different from the drive signal Vfs. However, even if the driving signal Vfs or the guard signal Vgd is supplied to the driving electrode COML in the detection operation period FLfsx or the detection operation period FLfsy, if the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) is turned on, It does not cause erroneous display. For this reason, in the example shown in FIG. 31, each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the detection circuit unit 40Y are connected without interposing the capacitive element Cdc.

  In addition, FIGS. 28 to 32 have exemplified the display device having the vertical comb structure in which each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends along the Y direction. However, as shown in FIG. 33, the above-described technique can be applied to a display device having a horizontal comb structure in which each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends along the X direction. FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a display device which is a modification example of FIG. FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a display device which is another modification example of FIG. FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the timing at which the display operation and the pressure detection operation of the display device shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 are performed.

  The display device DP8 shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 differs from the display device DP6 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 in that each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML extends along the Y direction. Further, the display device DP8 is different from the display device DP6 shown in FIG. 28 in that each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the plurality of drive electrodes COML is used as an electrode E2 which is a detection electrode for detecting pressure by a self-capacitance method. Different.

  The configuration of the display device DP8 can be expressed as follows. That is, in a plan view along the upper surface 21t of the substrate 21, on the upper surface 21t side, there are a plurality of drive electrodes COML extending along the X direction and a plurality of signal lines SGL extending along the Y direction intersecting the X direction. Is provided. Each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is electrically connected to a detection circuit unit 40X that detects a pressure due to contact with an external object based on a change in a capacitance value between the drive electrode COML and the conductor pattern 8A. As shown in FIG. 33, in the detection operation period FLfsx for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12), a pulse potential is applied to the plurality of drive electrodes COML. A certain drive signal Vfs is supplied. Further, a detection signal Vdet2 (see FIG. 12) based on the drive signal Vfs is output to the detection circuit unit 40X illustrated in FIG. 28 via the plurality of drive electrodes COML. Further, as shown in FIG. 34, each of the plurality of signal lines SGL detects a pressure due to a contact of an external object by a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the conductor pattern 8A. Is electrically connected to As shown in FIG. 30, in a detection operation period FLfsy for detecting a change in capacitance value between the plurality of signal lines SGL and the conductor pattern 8A (see FIG. 12), a pulse potential is applied to the plurality of signal lines SGL. A certain drive signal Vfs is supplied. In addition, a detection signal Vdet1 (see FIG. 12) based on the drive signal Vfs is output to the detection circuit unit 40Y illustrated in FIG. 34 via a plurality of signal lines SGL.

  The display device DP8 (see FIG. 33) shown in FIG. 35 also has a display operation period FLdp. However, the operation of each unit during the display operation period FLdp is the same as that of the display device DP6 described with reference to FIG. 30 (see FIG. 29). Therefore, duplicate description will be omitted.

  In the modification shown in FIG. 35, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 33) supplies the drive signal Vfs to the drive electrode COML. In the detection operation period FLfsx, as shown in FIG. 33, the switch SWcs2 connected to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is on. In other words, during the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 35) to the drive electrode COML via the switch SWcs2. In the example illustrated in FIG. 33, the drive driver 14S is electrically connected to the switch SWcs2 via the detection circuit unit 40X. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the drive electrode COML via the detection circuit unit 40X. The switch SWss1 connected between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL and the detection circuit unit 40Y is off.

  In the example shown in FIG. 35, the active shield method is applied to the scanning lines GCL and the driving electrodes COML. That is, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 33) supplies a guard signal Vgd, which is a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs, to the scanning line GCL and the signal line SGL. In the detection operation period FLfsx, as shown in FIG. 35, at least one of the switches SWgH and SWgL connected between each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the drive driver 14S is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the scanning line GCL via at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL. In the detection operation period FLfsx, the switch SWss2 (see FIG. 33) connected between the signal line SGL and the driver 14S is turned on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsx, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the signal line SGL via the switch SWss2.

  FIG. 33 shows an example in which the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 35) is applied to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML at the same timing. However, as a modification, the drive signal Vfs may be sequentially applied to each detection block among the plurality of drive electrodes COML. In this case, part of the switch SWcs2 connected to each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is turned on, and the other part is turned off. In this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to the unselected driving electrodes COML among the plurality of driving electrodes COML. When the active shield method is applied to the unselected drive electrode COML, the switch SWcs2 connected to the unselected drive electrode COML is turned off and connected to the unselected drive electrode COML. The switch SWcs1 is on. Thus, it is possible to reduce the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the drive electrode COML that operates as an electrode for pressure detection and the conductor pattern around the drive electrode COML in the detection operation period FLfsx.

  In the modification shown in FIG. 35, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 34) supplies the drive signal Vfs to the signal line SGL. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 34, the switch SWss1 connected to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 35) to the signal line SGL via the switch SWss1. In the example illustrated in FIG. 34, the drive driver 14S is electrically connected to the switch SWss1 via the detection circuit unit 40Y. That is, the drive driver 14S supplies the drive signal Vfs to the signal line SGL via the detection circuit unit 40Y. As shown in FIG. 34, the switch SWss2 (see FIG. 34) connected between each of the plurality of signal lines SGL (see FIG. 34) and the drive driver 14S is off. In addition, in the detection operation period FLfsy, each of the plurality of switches SWcs2 that connects each of the detection circuit unit 40X and each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML is off.

  In the example shown in FIG. 35, the active shield method is applied to the scanning lines GCL and the signal lines SGL. That is, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S (see FIG. 34) supplies a guard signal Vgd, which is a pulse potential having the same waveform as the drive signal Vfs, to the scanning line GCL and the drive electrode COML. In the detection operation period FLfsy, as shown in FIG. 34, at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL connected between each of the plurality of scanning lines GCL and the drive driver 14S is on. In other words, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the scanning line GCL via at least one of the switch SWgH and the switch SWgL. Further, in the detection operation period FLfsy, the switch SWcs1 (see FIG. 34) connected between the drive electrode COML and the drive driver 14S is on. In the detection operation period FLfsy, the drive driver 14S supplies the guard signal Vgd to the drive electrode COML via the switch SWcs1.

  FIG. 34 shows an example in which the drive signal Vfs (see FIG. 35) is applied to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL at the same timing. However, as a modification, the drive signal Vfs may be sequentially applied to each of the detection blocks in the plurality of signal lines SGL. In this case, part of the switch SWss1 connected to each of the plurality of signal lines SGL is turned on, and the other part is turned off. In this case, it is preferable to apply the active shield method to the unselected signal lines SGL among the plurality of signal lines SGL. When the active shield method is applied to an unselected signal line SGL, the switch SWss1 connected to the unselected signal line SGL is turned off and connected to the unselected signal line SGL. The switch SWss2 (see FIG. 34) is on. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the influence of the parasitic capacitance formed between the signal line SGL operating as the electrode for pressure detection and the conductor pattern around the signal line SGL in the detection operation period FLfsy.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 35, in this modification, the scanning line GCL is not used as a detection electrode for pressure detection, and the drive electrode COML is used as a detection electrode for pressure detection. The drive electrode COML is a wiring to which the drive signal Vcom is supplied during the display operation period FLdp. The drive signal Vcom is a signal having a waveform different from the drive signal Vfs. However, even if the drive signal Vfs or the guard signal Vgd is supplied to the drive electrode COML in the detection operation period FLfsx or the detection operation period FLfsx, if the TFT element Tr (see FIG. 8) is turned on, It does not cause erroneous display. For this reason, in the example shown in FIG. 33, each of the plurality of drive electrodes COML and the detection circuit unit 40 are connected without interposing the capacitive element Cdc.

  Although the third embodiment has been described as a modification of the first embodiment, as described in the second embodiment, the present invention can be applied to a display device including a pressure sensor and a touch sensor. In this case, as shown in FIG. 36, the unit frame FL1 includes a plurality of display operation periods FLdp, a touch detection operation period FLts for performing touch detection, a detection operation period FLfsx, and a detection operation period FLfsy. Is preferred. In the touch detection operation period FLts, the touch detection operation can be performed using the mutual capacitance type touch sensor, for example, as described in the second embodiment. Alternatively, as a modification, the touch detection operation may be performed using a self-capacitance touch sensor. Further, the mutual capacitance method and the self capacitance method may be used in combination.

In the example illustrated in FIG. 36, an example is shown in which the unit frame FL1 includes one touch detection operation period FLts. However, as a modification, the unit frame FL1 may include a plurality of touch detection operation periods FLts time-divided. In this case, the touch detection operation period FLts and the display operation period FLdp are performed alternately.

  As described above, the invention made by the inventor of the present application has been specifically described based on the embodiment and the typical modifications, but there are various modifications. For example, in the above embodiment, the display device using the liquid crystal layer as the display function layer is disclosed, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the above-described technique can be applied to a lead wiring portion of a so-called organic EL type display device using a light-emitting element made of an organic compound as a display function layer. Also, for example, the above-described various modifications can be applied in combination.

  Within the scope of the idea of the present invention, those skilled in the art can conceive various changes and modifications, and it is understood that these changes and modifications also belong to the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art may appropriately add, delete, or change the design of the above-described embodiments, or may add, omit, or change the conditions of the process. As long as it is provided, it is included in the scope of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to a display device and an electronic device in which the display device is incorporated.

2 Array substrate 2b Lower surface 2t Upper surface 8 Conductive pattern 40 Detection circuit unit

Claims (22)

A first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
A display function layer provided on the first surface side of the first substrate;
A plurality of first wirings provided on the first surface side of the first substrate and supplied with a signal for forming an image;
A first conductive film provided on the second surface side of the first substrate so as to be separated from the first substrate;
A first circuit for detecting a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of first wirings and the first conductive film;
A first layer provided between the first substrate and the first conductive film;
Has,
The thickness of the first layer is larger than the thickness of the display function layer,
In a first detection operation period for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of first wirings and the first conductive film, a first signal different from a signal for forming the image on the plurality of first wirings is provided. A pulse potential is supplied, and a detection signal based on the first pulse potential is output to the first circuit via the plurality of first wirings.
A ground potential is supplied to the first conductive film,
A display device that calculates a pressure due to contact of an external object based on a change in the capacitance value. The display device according to claim 1 ,
The display device, wherein the first layer is a hollow space or an elastic body having lower elasticity than the first substrate. The display device according to claim 1 or 2,
A display device, wherein a second conductive film overlapping with the plurality of first wirings is provided between the plurality of first wirings and the display function layer in plan view. The display device according to claim 3 , wherein
Wherein the first detection operation period in which the first circuit performs the detection operation of the capacitance value, the the second conductive film fixed potential or pulse potential is supplied, the display apparatus. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein:
The display device, wherein the first conductive film and the first circuit are electrically separated. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein:
A second conductive film is provided between the plurality of first wirings and the display function layer, the second conductive film overlapping the plurality of first wirings in a plan view,
The display device, wherein in the first detection operation period, a pulse potential having the same waveform as the first pulse potential supplied to the plurality of first wirings is supplied to the second conductive film. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein:
The plurality of first wirings include a plurality of first direction wirings extending along a first direction and a plurality of first direction wirings extending along a second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view along the first surface. And a second direction wiring,
The display device, wherein in plan view, the first conductive film is provided at a position overlapping each of the plurality of first direction wirings and the plurality of second direction wirings. The display device according to claim 7 , wherein:
The first circuit has a plurality of first detectors to which detection signals from the plurality of first wirings are transmitted,
The plurality of first direction wirings are electrically connected to a plurality of first direction wirings adjacent to each other to form a plurality of first detection blocks,
The plurality of second direction wirings are electrically connected to a plurality of adjacent second direction wirings to form a plurality of second detection blocks,
In the first detection operation period in which the first circuit performs the capacitance value detection operation, each of the plurality of first detection blocks and the plurality of second detection blocks is connected to the plurality of first detectors. Display device. The display device according to claim 7 , wherein:
The first circuit has a plurality of first detectors to which detection signals from the plurality of first wirings are transmitted,
The plurality of first detectors include a first direction detector that outputs detection signals from the plurality of first direction wirings, and a second direction detector that outputs detection signals from the plurality of second direction wirings. Including
In the first detection operation period in which the first circuit performs the capacitance value detection operation, a detection signal from the first direction wiring and a detection signal from the second direction wiring are output in parallel. apparatus. The display device according to claim 7 , wherein:
The first circuit has a plurality of first detectors to which detection signals from the plurality of first wirings are transmitted,
In the first detection operation period in which the first circuit performs the capacitance value detection operation,
A first direction detection operation period in which detection signals from the plurality of first direction wirings are output to the plurality of first detectors;
A second direction detection operation period in which the first direction detection operation period is time-divided and detection signals from the plurality of second direction wirings are output to the plurality of first detectors. Is a display device. The display device according to any one of claims 7 to 10 , wherein
A display device, wherein coordinates of a position where pressure is detected are calculated based on a detection signal from the first direction wiring and a detection signal from the second direction wiring. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein:
On the first surface side in a plan view along the first surface of the first substrate,
The plurality of first wirings extending along a first direction;
A plurality of second wirings extending along a second direction intersecting the first direction;
Is provided,
A second circuit that detects a pressure due to a contact of an external object based on a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of second wirings and the first conductive film,
In a second detection operation period for detecting a change in the capacitance value between the plurality of second wirings and the first conductive film, the first pulse potential is supplied to the plurality of second wirings, and The display device, wherein a detection signal based on the first pulse potential is output to the second circuit via the plurality of first wirings. The display device according to claim 12 , wherein
Each of the plurality of first wirings is a scanning line to which a scanning signal having a waveform different from the first pulse potential is supplied during a display period for displaying the image,
The display device, wherein each of the plurality of first wirings and the first circuit are electrically connected via a capacitor. The display device according to claim 13 , wherein:
Each of the plurality of second wirings is a signal line to which a video signal having a waveform different from the first pulse potential is supplied during a display period for displaying the image,
The display device, wherein each of the plurality of second wirings and the second circuit are connected without interposing the capacitor. The display device according to claim 13 , wherein:
Each of the plurality of second wirings is a second conductive film to which a drive signal having a waveform different from the first pulse potential is supplied during a display period for displaying the image,
The display device, wherein each of the plurality of second wirings and the second circuit are connected without interposing the capacitor. The display device according to claim 1 or 2,
A second substrate having a third surface facing the first surface of the first substrate, and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface;
A plurality of detection electrodes formed on the third surface or the fourth surface of the second substrate;
A second circuit for detecting a change in the capacitance value of the plurality of detection electrodes;
The display device further comprising: The display device according to claim 16 , wherein:
The display device, wherein a second conductive film that covers the plurality of first wirings is provided between the plurality of first wirings and the display function layer. The display device according to claim 17 , wherein
Wherein the first detection operation period in which the first circuit performs the detection operation of the capacitance value, the the second conductive film fixed potential or pulse potential is supplied, the display apparatus. The display device according to claim 16 , wherein:
The display device, wherein the first circuit and the second circuit are electrically connected. The display device according to claim 19 , wherein:
A display device further comprising a semiconductor chip on which the first circuit and the second circuit are formed. A first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
A display function layer provided on the first surface side of the first substrate;
A plurality of first wirings provided on the first surface side of the first substrate and supplied with a signal for forming an image;
A first conductive film provided on the second surface side of the first substrate so as to be separated from the first substrate;
A first circuit for detecting a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of first wirings and the first conductive film;
A first layer provided between the first substrate and the first conductive film;
Has,
The thickness of the first layer is larger than the thickness of the display function layer,
A second substrate having a third surface facing the first surface of the first substrate, and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface;
A plurality of detection electrodes formed on the third surface or the fourth surface of the second substrate;
A first detection operation period in which the first circuit detects a change in a capacitance value between the plurality of first wirings and the first conductive film;
A second detection operation period in which a change in the capacitance value of the plurality of detection electrodes is detected by the first circuit;
The display device further comprising: The display device according to claim 1,
The display device, wherein the first layer is a hollow space or an elastic body having lower elasticity than the first substrate.

Images