JP6639838B2 - Wheel fastening state determination device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for determining a fastening state of a fastening portion between a hub and a wheel used in a power transmission system of an automobile and various industrial machines, and more specifically, to determine a wheel fastening state at the time of wheel assembly or vehicle inspection. The present invention relates to a wheel fastening state determination device serving as a maintenance device or the like.

When assembling wheels to a hub in an automobile, especially a large commercial vehicle, it is important to apply an appropriate axial force between the hub and the wheel, but it is difficult to measure the axial force. Is generally used to control the tightening torque of the wheel nut. Some torque wrenches can store actual tightening torque data via wireless communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark).
As a maintenance means to check the tightening state of the wheel after assembly, it is common to check the sound of the nut hitting, a diagnostic tool that incorporates an accelerometer into the hammering equipment and detects changes in the resonance frequency due to nut loosening and bolt damage Also exists.

As a similar prior art for monitoring a wheel state, a method of detecting a tire acting force for vehicle control has been proposed as follows.
For example, as a device for detecting the acting force of a tire, an elastic member having a columnar portion and a plate-like portion is arranged between a wheel support portion (hub) and a wheel, and information on stress, strain, etc. generated at each portion is used to determine a tire contact surface. There is proposed a device for calculating and detecting the acting force according to (1). Note that this proposal example is characterized by providing a stress concentration portion for increasing distortion in a plate-shaped portion, but does not describe a specific plan.

Japanese Patent No. 4860680 Japanese Patent No. 5455357 Japanese Patent No. 5083314

In the case of tightening torque control, the generated axial force varies depending on the tightening speed and the surface friction coefficient of the bolt / nut.
With the conventional checking method based on hammering sound, complete nut looseness can be detected, but the detection accuracy by the inspector varies, and it cannot be determined whether the tightening torque is an appropriate value.
Heavy commercial vehicles have a large number of bolts (8 holes, 10 holes), and there is a possibility that forgetting to tighten with the normal tightening torque may occur.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to accurately determine the fastening quality of a wheel fastening portion at the time of mounting a wheel or inspecting a vehicle, and to make it possible to accurately detect distortion of a component permanently installed on a wheel for determination of a fastening state. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wheel fastening state determination device that is compact and can reduce the influence on a vehicle.

The wheel fastening state determination device according to the present invention is a spacer-type sensor unit 3 which is detachably mounted on a wheel fastening portion 2a for fastening the wheel 2 to an axle and detects a state amount that changes according to the fastening state of the wheel fastening portion 2a. And an information processing device 4 connected so as to be able to receive a signal from the sensor unit 3,
The sensor unit 3 is provided around the entire circumference of the wheel 2 and is interposed between the head of each hub bolt 7 for attaching the wheel 2 to the hub 6 and the wheel nut 8. A spacer type having a ring-shaped spacer member 12 for generating deformation which is subjected to a tightening force caused by the above, and strain sensors 13 provided at a plurality of circumferential positions on the spacer member 12 to detect distortion of the spacer member 12. It is in,
The spacer-like member 12 has a shape in which neither a dent nor a missing portion exists in a region within the outermost diameter of the wheel nut 8, and the spacer-like member 12 is located at a phase portion between the bolt holes 11. A portion where the strain sensor 13 is mounted, and a phase portion between the bolt holes 11 is a thin portion;
From the previous SL information processing apparatus 4, the the strain sensor 13 strain information detected by the sensor unit 3, the information of the tightening torque of the information processing apparatus 4 the input to the wheel nuts 8, defined Having a tightening state determining means 5 for determining a tightening state of the wheel tightening portion 2a in accordance with a set rule.
It is characterized by the following.

According to this configuration, the tightening state determination unit 5 provided in the information processing device 4 determines the distortion information detected by the distortion sensor 13 of the sensor unit 3 and the tightening torque of the wheel nut 8 based on the information. The fastening state of the wheel fastening portion 2a is determined. Therefore, when assembling the wheel 2, the fastening quality of the wheel fastening portion 2a can be accurately determined. Further, by obtaining the correlation or the like between the information on the strain by the strain sensor 13 at the time of assembling the wheel 2 and the information on the tightening torque of the wheel nut 8, at the time of vehicle inspection, the tightening torque of the wheel nut 8 is reduced. The fastening quality of the wheel fastening portion 2a can be accurately determined from the strain information of the strain sensor 13 without using information.
The sensor unit 3 is provided at a phase portion between the ring-shaped spacer member 12 for generating deformation and a bolt hole 11 in the spacer member 12 and detects a distortion of the spacer member 12. 13, the structure is simple and compact, and the influence on the vehicle such as the rigidity of the support of the wheel 2 can be reduced while accurate distortion detection is possible.

Before SL spacer member 12 has a shape either of indentations and lack part is the outermost diameter of the region is not present in the wheel nut 8. In other words, the spacer-like member 12 has a shape capable of contacting the hub and the wheel within the outermost diameter of the wheel nut 8 or in the flange portion of the wheel nut 8.
By adopting this shape, a strong connection can be achieved without impairing the axial force applied to the members related to the fastening of the wheel by tightening the wheel nut 8. When the wheel nut 8 has a washer part integrally, the outermost diameter is the outermost diameter including the washer part.

Before SL spacer member 12, the phase region between the bolt holes 11, a shape having a portion of mounting the strain sensor 13.
By mounting the strain sensor 13 in the phase portion between the bolt holes 11, it is possible to detect the distortion of the spacer-like member 12 caused by the loosening of a part of the wheel nut 8 with high sensitivity.

Before SL spacer member 12, the phase region between the bolt hole 11 is a thin portion.
By providing the thin portion in this manner, it is possible to use the mounted sensors and the like as mounting portions of the sensors and the terminals so that the mounted sensors and the like do not protrude from the entire thickness of the spacer member 12. Therefore, the spacer-like member 12 can be sandwiched between the members without any trouble. Further, by providing the thin portion, strain can be concentrated, the sensitivity of strain detection can be improved, and the accuracy of abnormality determination of the fastening state can be improved.

In this case, the spacer-like member 12 may have a thinnest portion serving as a strain concentration portion at a part of the thinned phase portion between the bolt holes 11.
By providing the thinnest portion in this manner, the strain of the spacer-like member 12 is further concentrated, and the sensitivity of the strain detection can be improved, and the accuracy of the abnormality determination of the fastening state can be further improved.

In the present invention, the distortion sensor 13 is attached to the spacer-like member 12 and is distorted by deformation of the spacer-like member 12, and a sensor element 13a attached to the diaphragm 13b and detecting the distortion of the diaphragm 13b. And may be composed of
Even if the diaphragm 13b is provided as described above, instead of providing the thin portion in the spacer member 12 itself, the distortion of the spacer member 12 can be detected with high sensitivity.

In the present invention, the sensor unit 3 may include a temperature sensor 14 in addition to the strain sensor 13.
Since the detected value of the strain of the strain sensor 13 changes depending on the temperature, it is preferable to detect the temperature with the temperature sensor 14 and perform the temperature correction in order to improve the accuracy of the abnormality determination of the fastening state. Further, the temperature sensor 14 can detect abnormal heat generation due to brake dragging or the like.

In the present invention, the information processing device 4 has a function of receiving the strain and temperature information transmitted from the sensor unit 3 and the tightening torque measuring unit 20 that measures the tightening torque. A data reception / input unit 22 having a function of receiving information on the applied torque may be provided.
In the case of this configuration, since the measured value of the tightening torque is transmitted directly from the tightening torque measuring means 20 to the information processing apparatus 4, the measured value of the tightening torque is read from the tightening torque measuring means 20 and the information processing apparatus is read. Unlike the case of re-entering by manual input or the like, no input error occurs and the labor of the input operation can be saved.

In the present invention, the sensor unit 3 has a terminal 16 connected to the information processing device 4 by wiring, and transmits a detection signal of the distortion sensor 13 by the wiring, and transmits the signal from the information processing device 4 to the distortion sensor. 13 may be supplied.
As described above, when the sensor unit 3 is configured to perform power supply / measurement by connecting to the information processing device 4 without having a power supply and a communication device, the sensor unit 3 is a tool dedicated to maintenance, but is low-cost, lightweight, and compact. The effect of is obtained.

In the present invention, the tightening state determination means 5 calculates a correlation between the strain detected by the strain sensor 13 and tightening torque information from a tightening device (torque wrench or the like), and determines the obtained correlation as the tightening torque. It may be used to determine the state.
By analyzing the correlation, it is possible to detect a failure to tighten the nut, an abnormality in the bolt, an abnormality in the assembling condition (abnormal surface property of the nut tightening surface, etc.), and the like. In addition, by obtaining the correlation between the distortion by the distortion sensor 13 and the tightening torque of the wheel nut 8 at the time of assembling the wheel, the information of the tightening torque of the wheel nut 8 is not used at the time of vehicle inspection. From the information on the distortion of the distortion sensor 13, the fastening quality of the wheel fastening portion 2a can be accurately determined.

A wheel fastening state determination device according to the present invention includes a spacer-type sensor unit that is detachably mounted on a wheel fastening unit that fastens a wheel to an axle and detects a state amount that changes according to a fastening state of the wheel fastening unit. An information processing device connected so as to be able to receive a signal from a unit, wherein the sensor unit is provided over the entire periphery of the wheel and is provided between a head of each hub bolt for attaching the wheel to the hub and a wheel nut. And a ring-shaped spacer member for generating deformation which receives the tightening force of each of the hub bolts and the wheel nut, and is provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the spacer member to detect distortion of the spacer member. a spacer type having a strain sensor, the spacer member is the outermost of the wheel nut In the area inside, neither the dent nor the missing part is present, and the spacer-like member has a part for mounting the strain sensor at a phase part between the bolt holes, and has a part between the bolt holes. phase region is a thin portion of the front SL information processing apparatus, wherein the strain information detected by the strain sensor, information of the tightening torque of each wheel nut inputted to the information processing apparatus of the sensor unit From the above, since there is a fastening state determining means for determining the fastening state of the wheel fastening portion according to a predetermined rule, it is possible to accurately determine the fastening quality of the wheel fastening portion at the time of wheel installation or vehicle inspection, and the fastening state The parts permanently installed on the wheel for the determination of the above can be compact and have less influence on the vehicle while enabling accurate distortion detection.

It is an explanatory view showing the outline of the wheel fastening state judging device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a cutaway perspective view which shows the attachment part of the sensor unit of the wheel in the wheel nut looseness detection apparatus. (A)-(C) is a partial perspective view which shows each example of the mounting form of the same sensor unit to a wheel. It is a front view of the sensor unit. 4A to 4C are partial perspective views respectively showing various forms of a thin portion in the sensor unit from the front side and the back side. (A)-(D) is sectional drawing which shows each other modification of the distortion sensor in the same sensor unit. It is a block diagram of a conceptual configuration of the wheel fastening state determination device. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement at the time of wheel assembly of the wheel fastening state determination apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement at the time of vehicle inspection of the said wheel fastening state determination apparatus.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall image of a system in which the wheel fastening state determination device is employed in a large commercial vehicle. In this wheel fastening state determination device, a spacer type sensor unit 3 is mounted on the wheel portion of each wheel 2A of the vehicle 1, and information on distortion detected by the sensor unit 3 and a fastening device 19 such as a torque wrench are provided. From the information on the tightening torque measured by the tightening torque measuring means 20, the fastening state determining means 5 provided in the information processing device 4 such as a portable terminal determines the fastening state such as when the wheel nut is fastened.

In this example, a torque wrench having a tightening torque measuring means 20 is used as the tightening device 19. The tightening torque measuring means 20 has a short-range wireless communication means 20a such as Bluetooth (registered trademark).
As the information processing device 4, a mobile phone having an information processing function and a communication function such as a so-called smartphone, a mobile terminal such as a tablet type, a notebook type or another personal computer, or the like is used. The fastening state determination unit 5 is configured by installing an application program in the information processing apparatus 4 including an OS (operation software), thereby configuring the hardware of the information processing apparatus 4, an OS, and the application program.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example in which the sensor unit 3 is mounted on a rear axle double wheel portion when the vehicle 1 is a large commercial vehicle, cut along a plane passing through a rotation axis thereof. In this wheel 2A, the two wheels 2 and 2 are overlapped on one surface of a flange 6a of the hub 6 so as to be opposite to each other, and the brake drum 9 is overlapped on the other surface of the flange 6a. The wheels 2 and 2 and the brake drum 9 are sandwiched and fixed between the head 7a of the hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8. The hub bolts 7 are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the hub 6, and are inserted through bolt holes provided in the flange 6 a, the wheels 2 and 2, and the brake drum 9. The hub 6 is installed on the outer periphery of an axle (not shown). However, even if the hub 6 is a part of a hub bearing (ie, a wheel bearing), the hub 6 is provided separately from the hub bearing. It may be. A tire 10 is provided on the outer periphery of each of the wheels 2 and 2, and the wheel 2 and the tire 10 constitute a wheel 2A.

  The sensor unit 3 is a circular ring-shaped and plate-shaped part concentric with the wheel 2. In this example, the sensor unit 3 is located between the two wheels 2 and 2, and the head 7 a of the hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8 are connected to each other. The hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8 are interposed therebetween and fastened by the hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8. The sensor unit 3 has bolt holes 11 (FIG. 4) at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction, and the hub bolt 7 is inserted into these bolt holes 11.

FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of a tightening portion of the sensor unit 3 by the wheel nut 8 in FIG.
The sensor unit 3 may be disposed between the wheel 2 and the wheel nut 8 as shown in FIG. It may be arranged between the flange 6 a of the hub 6 and the wheel 2.

The sensor unit 3 is provided between the flange 6a of the hub 6 and the brake drum 9 and between the brake drum 9 and the head 7a of the hub bolt 7 as long as between the head 7a of the hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8. The hub bolt 7 may be disposed between the head 7a of the hub bolt 7 and the flange 6a of the hub 6, for example, between the head bolt 7 and the hub 6 because the hub bolt 7 is generally press-fitted into the bolt hole of the flange 6a of the hub 6 and fixed. It is more preferable to arrange on the wheel nut 8 side than the flange 6a of No. 6.
Further, in each example of FIG. 3, the spacer-type sensor unit 3 is disposed on the rear wheel double wheel portion. However, the wheel to which the wheel nut looseness detection device is applied may be a front wheel single tire specification. .

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the sensor unit 3. The sensor unit 3 includes a ring-shaped and plate-shaped spacer member 12 and a strain sensor 13 attached to the spacer member 12. The strain sensor 13 is, for example, a foil strain gauge, a linear strain gauge, a semiconductor strain gauge, or the like. A temperature sensor 14 is attached to the spacer-shaped member 12 in addition to the strain sensor 13 as a state detection sensor 21 for detecting the state of the wheel 2. The state detection sensor 21 is a generic term for each of the sensors. The spacer-like member 12 is provided with a terminal 16 for data transmission and power supply. By connecting the terminal 16 to the information processing device 4 by wiring (not shown), communication and power supply of measurement data are performed. Is

  The spacer-like member 12 is a member for causing deformation due to a difference in tightening force between the hub bolt 7 and the wheel nut 8 at each part, and has the bolt holes 11 through which the hub bolts 7 are inserted as described above. I have. The material of the spacer member 12 may be formed of a metal material having high strength and high rigidity such as an iron alloy, or may be formed of a metal material having relatively high elasticity such as an aluminum alloy. .

  The spacer-like member 12 has a shape in which neither a dent nor a missing portion exists in a region within the outermost diameter of the wheel nut 8, and this region is a thick portion 12a as described later. By adopting this shape, the connection can be firmly performed without impairing the axial force applied to the members related to the fastening of the wheel 2 by the tightening of the wheel nut 8. When the wheel nut 8 integrally has a washer portion (not shown), the outermost diameter is the outermost diameter including the washer portion.

  In the spacer member 12, a phase portion where the bolt hole 11 exists, that is, a portion around the bolt hole 11 is a thick portion 12a, and a phase portion between the bolt holes 11 is a thin portion 12b. The thin portion 12b may have a shape in which both surfaces of the spacer-shaped member 12 are recessed from the thick portion 12a, or a shape in which only one surface of the spacer-shaped member 12 is recessed than the thick portion 12a. The phase portion between the bolt holes 11 formed as the thin portions 12b is a portion on which sensors such as the strain sensor 13 and the temperature sensor 14 and the terminals 16 and the like are mounted. In the example of FIG. 4, the inner peripheral portion on one side of the spacer-like member 12 is a thin portion continuous over the entire periphery and is used for wiring.

The spacer-like member 12 further has a thinnest portion 12c serving as a strain concentration portion, as shown in, for example, FIG. 5A to FIG. May be.
In the example of FIG. 5A, the thin portion 12 b is a portion in which both surfaces of the spacer member 12 are recessed with respect to the thick portion 12 a, and the front surface of the spacer member 12 is a phase portion between the bolt holes 11. An intermediate ridge 12d, which is flush with the thick portion 12a, is provided in the center so as to extend in the radial direction, so that the thin portion 12b is divided into two portions arranged in the circumferential direction. A groove portion extending in the radial direction is formed at each of the divided portions, and the groove bottom portion is the thinnest portion 12c.

In the examples of FIGS. 5B and 5C, the intermediate ridge 12d of FIG. 5A does not exist, and the thin portion 12b has a shape following the entire phase portion between the bolt holes 11. However, in the example of FIG. 5B, a groove extending in the radial direction is formed at the center of the thin portion 12b in the circumferential direction, and the groove bottom portion is the thinnest portion 12c. In the example of FIG. 5C, the thinnest portion 12c is formed by the groove as in the example of FIG. 5B, but the thinnest portion 12c is biased in the circumferential direction between the bolt holes 11.
In this example, the strain sensor 13 (FIG. 4) is attached to the back side of the thinnest portion 12c, that is, the surface opposite to the groove forming the thinnest portion 12c. It may be attached to the bottom. The strain sensor 13 detects a strain concentrated on the thinnest portion 12c. In each of FIGS. 5A to 5C, the illustrated phase portion is inverted, and therefore, the position of the thinnest portion 12c is inverted between the front and rear views. It is appearing.

As shown in each example in FIGS. 6A to 6D, the spacer member 12 may be provided with a diaphragm type strain sensor 13 for detecting strain. The diaphragm type strain sensor 13 includes a diaphragm 13b and a sensor element 13a that detects a strain of the diaphragm 13b. The diaphragm 13b has a flat plate shape in the examples of FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B), but has a thin portion 13ba in the examples of FIGS. 6 (C) and 6 (D) and detects the distortion of the thin portion 13ba. To
The sensor element 13a is provided at the thin portion 13aa. Thereby, the sensitivity and accuracy of detection of the diaphragm type strain sensor 13 are further improved.

  Further, in each of the above examples, the spacer-like member 12 is constituted by one sheet. However, a plurality of spacer-like member constituent members (not shown) may be combined into one spacer-like member. In the case of this configuration, the thinnest portion 12c may not necessarily be provided in the spacer-like member 12.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the wheel fastening state determination device. The sensor unit 3 is provided for each wheel 2A, and is provided with a strain sensor 13 and a temperature sensor 14 and the like as the state detection sensor 21, and a terminal for connecting the state detection sensor 21 and the information processing device 4 by wiring. 16 is provided. In the figure, reference numerals “A to Z” shown in the blocks of the wheel 2A and the sensor unit 3 are codes for identifying the individual wheel 2A and the sensor unit 3, and are provided on the wheel 2A and the wheel 2A. The same reference numerals “A to Z” are given to the sensor units 3. In the case of a double wheel, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A, one sensor unit 3 is provided for the two wheels 2 constituting the double wheel.

  One information processing device 4 such as a portable terminal having the fastening state determination means 5 is provided for a plurality of sensor units 3, for example, one for all sensor units 3 included in one vehicle. The information processing device 4 can be used for other vehicles by synchronizing with the sensor unit.

  The information processing device 4 includes a data reception / input unit 22, an information processing unit 23, and a display device 24, and the information processing unit 23 is provided with the fastening state determination unit 5. The display device 24 is a unit that displays an image on a screen of a liquid crystal display device or the like, and displays a result or the like determined by the fastening state determination unit 5 on the screen.

  The data receiving / input unit 22 is a general term for means for transmitting and receiving data to and from the outside of the information processing apparatus 4, and includes a wiring communication unit including terminals and interfaces for performing wired communication. And a wireless communication unit for performing wireless communication, and an input unit (neither is shown) for receiving an input from an input operation device or a portable recording medium by manual input. Data communication between the sensor unit 3 and the data receiving / input unit 22 is performed by the wiring communication unit, and power is also supplied from the information processing device 4 to each sensor unit 3 by the wiring. Communication between the wireless communication unit 20a of the tightening torque measuring unit 20 and the data receiving / input unit 22 is performed by the wireless communication unit. The wireless communication unit performs wireless communication in accordance with a short-range wireless communication standard (for example, Bluetooth (registered trademark)). The input operation device includes, for example, a touch panel, a keyboard, and the like provided on a screen of the display device 24.

The fastening state determining means 5 is means for determining an abnormality in the fastening state of the wheel nut 8 according to a predetermined criterion from the detection data of the strain sensor 13 and the measurement value of the tightening torque measuring means 20. An abnormality in the fastening state of the wheel nut 8 is determined for each unit 3.
The fastening state determination unit 5 includes a data storage unit 5a, a signal analysis unit 5b, and a state determination unit 5c, and detects the state of the state detection sensor 21 such as the strain sensor 13 transmitted from the sensor unit 3 in the data storage unit 5a. Stores signals and other defined information. The signal analysis unit 5b analyzes a signal serving as preprocessing necessary for determining an abnormality in the fastening state. The state determination unit 5c determines an abnormality in the fastening state of the wheel nut 8 using the information analyzed by the signal analysis unit 5b.

  The fastening state determination means 5 performs a function of correcting a distortion temperature drift using the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 and a function of performing brake dragging based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 in addition to the determination of an abnormality in the fastening state of the wheel nut 8. For example, a function of detecting abnormal heat generation of the wheel 2 due to the above may be provided. The fastening state determination unit 5 has a function of displaying each detection result on the display device 24.

According to the wheel fastening state determination device having the above configuration, the spacer type sensor unit 3 is installed on the wheel fastening portion 2a (between the flange 6a of the hub 6 and the wheel 2, or between the wheel 2 and the wheel nut 8, etc.). Using the measurement data of the state detection sensor 21 such as the strain sensor 13 installed in the sensor unit 3, an abnormal connection such as looseness of the wheel nut 8 or breakage of the hub bolt 7 is detected.
The state detection sensor 21 mounted on the sensor unit 3 includes a distortion sensor 13 for detecting distortion, a temperature sensor 14 for detecting temperature (for correcting temperature drift of distortion and detecting abnormal heat generation of wheels), and the like.

  FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are flowcharts showing the method of use and operation of the wheel fastening state determination device at the time of wheel assembly and vehicle inspection, respectively. In each figure, the processes performed by the data storage unit 5a, the signal analysis unit 5b, and the state determination unit 5c of the information processing device 4 are distinguished by adding different halftone dots.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when assembling the wheel, on the worker / wheel side, the sensor unit 3 is installed on the wheel 2 (step R1), and the wheel nut 8 is tightened (step R2). At this time, the tightening torque is managed using the tightening torque measuring means 20 attached to the tightening device 19 such as a torque wrench.

  In the sensor unit 3, the change in strain in each part is measured by the built-in strain sensor 13 (step R3). Note that the sensor unit 3 and the information processing device 4 are connected by the wiring before measurement. The measurement data from the sensor unit 3 is transmitted to the information processing device 4 such as a portable terminal (step R4).

  In the information processing device 4 such as a portable terminal, first, the sensor unit 3 is installed in the data receiving / input unit 22 and the type and location of the vehicle whose state is to be determined (for example, discrimination between front and rear wheels, left and right wheels, And the like for discriminating the above) are input by the input operation device or the like (R5). In FIG. 8, although not shown, the input vehicle type and part data are transmitted to the sensor unit 3 by the information processing device 4 and stored in a storage medium (not shown) provided in the sensor unit 3. You may make it memorize | store as ID information.

Thereafter, the measurement data of the strain and temperature due sensor unit 3, the measurement data of the tightening torque of each wheel nut 8 by tightening torque measuring unit 2 0 of the clamping device 19 such as a torque wrench, data reception / input The data is received by the unit 22 (step R6). When the torque measuring means 20 of the tightening device 19 does not have a communication function, the data receiving / input unit 22 is provided from an input terminal (not shown) or an input operation device (not shown) of the information processing device 4. May be entered. At this stage, the received or input measurement data is stored in the data storage unit 5a of the information processing device 4 in association with the vehicle type and part information, or stored in a primary storage storage unit for calculation. .

  When the reception and the input of the data are completed, in response to the input of the calculation start command, the signal analysis unit 5b of the information processing device 4 calculates the distortion of each part using the data measured by the sensor unit 3 (step). R7). Further, a correlation between the tightening torque and the value of the distortion is calculated.

After this calculation, the state determination unit 5c performs an abnormality determination process that determines a tightened state using the determined rule (step R8). Specifically, in the abnormality determination process, whether or not there is an abnormality from the measurement data, for example, a threshold value determined appropriately or a threshold value determined by comparison with past data, a distortion measurement value exceeding those threshold values Then, it is determined whether or not there is a measured value of distortion having a tendency different from that of other parts in the entire circumference of the wheel 2A. The determination result is displayed on the display device 24 in accordance with the presence or absence of an abnormality, for example, "abnormal" when there is no abnormality (step R9), and "abnormal" when there is an abnormality (step R10). The determination result of the abnormality presence or absence, kept in the data storage unit 5a together with the measurement data (step R11).

  As shown in FIG. 9, at the time of wheel inspection, the sensor unit 3 measures a change in strain of each part by the built-in strain sensor 13 (step S1). When the vehicle is running, the sensor unit 3 is not connected to the information processing device 4 and is connected at the time of vehicle inspection. The data measured by the sensor unit 3 is transmitted to the information processing device 4 such as a mobile terminal (Step S2).

In the information processing device 4, measurement data such as distortion and temperature is received from the sensor unit 3 (step S3), and distortion of each part is calculated by the signal analysis unit 5b from the measurement data (step S4). Further, sensor-side ID information such as a vehicle type and a part is received from the sensor unit 3 (step S5), and based on the sensor-side ID information, past measurement data stored in the data storage unit 5a of the information processing device 4 is obtained. out reading (step S6).

  As described above, the distortion of each part is calculated, and the past measurement data is read, and the abnormality determination processing (step S7) is performed by the state determination unit 5c. In this abnormality determination process, whether there is an abnormality from the measurement data, for example, whether a threshold value determined appropriately or a threshold value determined by comparison with past data, whether there is a measured value of distortion exceeding those threshold values Alternatively, it is determined whether or not there is a measured value of distortion having a tendency different from that of other parts in the entire circumference of the wheel 2A. The determination result is displayed on the display device 24 in accordance with the presence or absence of an abnormality, for example, "abnormal" when there is no abnormality (step S8), and "abnormal" when there is an abnormality (step S9). The determination result of the presence or absence of the abnormality is stored in the data storage unit 5a together with the measurement data (step S10).

The wheel fastening state determination device of this embodiment has the following features when the main points are regrouped.
The spacer type sensor unit 3 is installed at the wheel fastening portion 2a (between the hub 6 and the wheel 2, between the wheel 2 and the wheel 2 (double tire) or between the wheel 2 and the wheel nut 8, etc.), and performs information processing of a portable terminal or the like. It is connected to the device 4 to supply power and measure the state.
Using the measurement data of the strain sensor 13 installed in the sensor unit 3, the fastening state of each phase of the wheel due to the fastening of the wheel nut 8 is detected. (Preventing forgetting or overtightening)
-The sensor unit 3 is of a permanent type, and it is possible to detect the looseness of the wheel nut 8 in each phase by comparing with the past measurement data of the strain sensor 13 at the time of inspection.
-By reading the tightening torque information of each wheel nut 8 by the tightening tool 19 such as a torque wrench and analyzing the correlation with the distortion of the sensor unit 3, forgetting to tighten, abnormal bolt, abnormal mounting condition ( It is possible to detect abnormal surface properties of the wheel nut tightening surface.
The mounted sensor is a sensor that detects distortion, temperature (correction of temperature drift of distortion), and the like.

Therefore, the following advantages can be obtained.
・ Improved maintainability and fastening quality (prevents forgetting to tighten the wheel nut 8 when tightening)
-Quantitative evaluation of looseness of wheel nut 8 during inspection-Judgment of abnormal phase-Since there is no power supply and communication equipment, constant monitoring is not possible and it is a dedicated tool for maintenance, but it is low cost, lightweight and compact. Benefits are obtained.
The sensor unit 3 is easily attached to and detached from the vehicle, and has little effect on vehicle weight, axle width, and support rigidity.

  Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to a case where the present invention is applied to a vehicle such as an automobile, the present invention can be applied to fastening portions of various wheels in industrial machines other than vehicles.

  Although the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described based on the embodiments, the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

1: vehicle 2: Wheel 2A: wheel 2a: wheel fastening part 3: sensor unit 4: Information Processing equipment
4: the mobile terminal 5: fastening state determining means 5a: Data storage section 5b: signal analyzing unit 5c: state determining unit 6: Hub 6a: flange 7: Hub bolts 7a: Habuboru preparative head 8: wheel nut 9: brake drum 11 : Bolt hole 12: Spacer-like member 12a: Thick part 12b: Thin part 12c: Thinnest part 13: Strain sensor 13a: Sensor element 13b: Diaphragm 14: Temperature sensor 16: Terminal 19: Tightening tool 20: Tightening torque Measuring unit 20a: Wireless communication unit 22: Data receiving / input unit 23: Information processing unit

Claims (7)

A spacer-type sensor unit that is detachably installed at a wheel fastening portion that fastens the wheel to the axle and detects a state amount that changes according to a fastening state of the wheel fastening portion; and is connected to be able to receive a signal from the sensor unit. Information processing device,
The sensor unit is interposed between a head of each hub bolt for mounting the wheel to the hub and a wheel nut, and is provided around the entire circumference of the wheel and receives a tightening force by the hub bolt and the wheel nut. A ring-shaped spacer-like member, and a spacer type having a strain sensor that is provided at a plurality of circumferential positions in the spacer-like member and detects distortion of the spacer-like member ,
The spacer-shaped member has a shape in which neither a dent nor a missing portion exists in a region within the outermost diameter of the wheel nut, and the spacer-shaped member includes a strain sensor in a phase portion between the bolt holes. And a phase portion between the bolt holes is a thin portion,
Before SL information processing apparatus, wherein the strain information detected by the strain sensor of the sensor unit, the information of the tightening torque of each wheel nut inputted to the information processing apparatus, according to a defined rule Having a tightening state determining means for determining a tightening state of the wheel fastening portion,
A wheel fastening state determination device characterized by the above-mentioned. In the wheel fastening state determination device according to claim 1 , the spacer-like member has a thinnest portion serving as a strain concentration portion in a part of the thinned portion of the phase portion between the bolt holes. Device for determining the wheel engagement state. 2. The wheel fastening state judging device according to claim 1 , wherein the strain sensor detects a diaphragm attached to the spacer-shaped member and deformed by deformation of the spacer-shaped member, and a strain attached to the diaphragm to detect the distortion of the diaphragm. A wheel fastening state determination device including a sensor element. In the wheel engaged state determination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sensor unit includes a wheel engaged state determination apparatus having a temperature sensor in addition to the strain sensor. In the wheel engaged state determination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information processing apparatus has a function of receiving the distortion information transmitted from the sensor unit, and the torque the tightening A wheel fastening state determination device including a data reception / input unit having a function of receiving the information on the fastening torque transmitted from a fastening torque measuring unit to be measured. In the wheel engaged state determination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sensor unit includes a terminal connected with the information processing apparatus and the wiring, the detection of the strain sensor by the wire A wheel fastening state determination device that transmits a signal and supplies power from the information processing device to the strain sensor. Correlation of the wheel engaged state determination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the state determining means said clamping is with the distortion detected strain and the tightening torque information input sensors And a wheel fastening state determination device that uses the obtained correlation to determine the fastening state.

Images