JP6638379B2 - Method of holding workpiece and method of manufacturing parts - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of holding a workpiece, which can protect a holding surface of the workpiece, and a method of manufacturing a component using the holding method.

  As a method of holding a processing jig and an optical component, a method of fixing a lens and a jig with an adhesive (for example, a liquid-type adhesive, a sheet-type adhesive, a water-soluble adhesive, an instant adhesive, and the like). Is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1, the protective layer between the adhesive and the component is in the form of a film, and the holding surface of the component and the mounting surface of the jig need to have substantially the same shape. There are restrictions on the shape of the jig.

  As a method for producing a photosensitive resin relief printing plate, it is known to protect a plate surface by attaching latex to the relief printing plate (for example, see Patent Document 2). Even when the lens is protected by this method, the same problem as in Patent Document 1 occurs when the lens is fixed to the jig.

JP 2002-187056 A Japanese Patent No. 5323428

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the background art described above, and it is easy to protect a holding surface of a workpiece, and it is possible to safely attach and detach the workpiece, and to provide a highly versatile workpiece. It is intended to provide a holding method.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a component using the above-described method for holding a workpiece.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for holding a workpiece according to the present invention includes a step of forming a protective film, which is a latex thin film, on a holding surface of the workpiece, and an aqueous glue thin film on an outer surface of the protective film. Forming the auxiliary film and fixing the workpiece with the solder between the auxiliary film and the mounting surface with the auxiliary film facing the mounting surface on the mounting surface of the supporting jig. And a step of melting the brazing and removing the workpiece from the mounting jig, and a step of peeling the protective film together with the auxiliary film from the workpiece . Here, the holding surface is a surface of the surface facing the mounting surface of the mounting jig, which is indirectly supported by the mounting jig via the brazing. The latex is an emulsion in which polymer fine particles are stably dispersed. The aqueous paste is a liquid paste which is flexible and solidifies when dried. A wax is a fat-like substance that melts at a relatively low temperature (for example, 100 ° C. or lower) and is solid at room temperature.

According to the method for holding a workpiece, the holding surface of the workpiece is easily protected and has high versatility. Specifically, at the time of attachment, processing, removal, and the like, it is possible to prevent the holding surface of the workpiece from being scratched or stained mainly by the protective film and the auxiliary film. Further, since the configuration between the workpiece and the mounting jig (that is, the protective film, the auxiliary film, and the brazing) are all formed of a solidifying fluid, even if a fine structure is provided on the holding surface, The workpiece can be held without affecting the microstructure. Further, since the workpiece is attached to the mounting jig via the brazing, it can be attached regardless of the shape of the holding surface of the workpiece or the mounting surface of the mounting jig.
Also, by melting the braze, removing the workpiece from the mounting jig, and peeling off the protective film together with the auxiliary film from the workpiece, the protective film and auxiliary film can be easily removed from the holding surface after processing of the workpiece is completed. Can be removed.

  According to a specific aspect of the present invention, in the method for holding a workpiece, a protective film and an auxiliary film are formed on the outer surface of the workpiece other than the holding surface. In this case, the peripheral surface, the opposite surface, the side surface, and the like of the holding surface can be protected.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, a workpiece has a flange portion, and includes a step of positioning the workpiece with respect to the mounting jig by the flange portion. In this case, positioning can be easily performed by using the flange portion.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, before the wax is mounted on the mounting surface, a supporting side protective film which is a latex thin film and a supporting side auxiliary film which is an aqueous glue thin film are formed on the mounting surface. In this case, the mounting surface can be protected. Further, after the processing of the workpiece is completed, the brazing can be easily removed from the mounting surface.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for manufacturing a component according to the present invention uses the above-described method for holding a workpiece.

  In the method of manufacturing a component, at least the holding surface of the workpiece is protected by the protective film and the auxiliary film, thereby preventing the component from being damaged or stained during the manufacturing process. That is, it is possible to perform high-precision processing on a target portion while preventing damage and deterioration of components.

(A) and (B) are figures explaining an example of a part obtained by a manufacturing method of parts of a 1st embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram explaining a workpiece and a mounting jig. (A)-(D) is a figure which illustrates specifically the holding method of a workpiece, and the manufacturing method of components. (A)-(D) is a figure which illustrates specifically the holding method of a workpiece, and the manufacturing method of components. It is a figure explaining the modification of the holding method of a workpiece. It is a figure explaining another modification of a holding method of a workpiece. (A) And (B) is a figure explaining the holding method of the workpiece of 2nd Embodiment. (A) And (B) is a figure explaining the holding method of the workpiece of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining a holding method of a processed article of a 4th embodiment. It is a figure explaining another modification of a holding method of a workpiece.

  Hereinafter, a method of holding a workpiece according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  The method for holding a workpiece according to the present embodiment is mainly used for direct processing of a workpiece (in other words, manufacture of parts). Direct processing refers to processing a material or other object attached to a machine tool with a jig or the like as it is to produce a product. Direct processing enables product production with a shorter delivery time and lower cost as compared with a molded product, and is particularly effective for producing a small number of products or producing prototypes.

  1A and 1B show an example of a part 20 obtained from a workpiece 10. The component 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a HUD combiner and is a vehicle-mounted optical component that projects information necessary for a driver driving a car. The illustrated component 20 has the lens unit 11. The lens portion 11 has mirror surfaces on both lens surfaces 11a and 11b by cutting or other machining. Such a component 20 has features such as a free-form surface shape, mirror surfaces on both sides, a large area, a small wall thickness, a large variety of products, and small-quantity production. Another example of the component 20 is a large mirror having a curved surface.

  The component 20 as described above needs to cope with free-form surface processing having a non-centrosymmetric surface as compared with a flanged lens having a spherical surface or an aspherical surface, and requires more man-hours. Further, since the thickness is small, it is necessary to hold firmly so that chattering (bending caused by processing load and vibration due to fluctuation of the processing resistance) does not occur due to processing resistance. In addition, since both surfaces are mirror surfaces, it is necessary to securely attach and remove the mirror surface so that scratches and dirt that are difficult to remove are less likely to occur. In addition, since the area is large, protection of the surface is important to prevent scratches and dirt.

  FIG. 2 shows a mounting jig 30 holding the workpiece 10 before or during processing. The mounting jig 30 has a mounting base 31 and a positioning base 32. The mounting table 31 of the mounting jig 30 holds or supports a holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10 described later. The mounting base 31 has a mounting surface 33 that supports the workpiece 10. The mounting surface 33 is similar to the shape of the holding surface 13. When the shape is approximated in this manner, work efficiency is good when the workpiece 10 is attached. Also, the amount of the wax 50 used for fixing the workpiece 10 is reduced, and the step of solidifying the wax 50 is facilitated. It is preferable that the size of the mounting surface 33 of the mounting base 31 be equal to or larger than the size of the holding surface 13. The positioning base 32 has positioning pins 32 a for positioning the workpiece 10. By positioning the workpiece 10 at the flange portion 12 of the workpiece 10 described later using the positioning pins 32a, the positioning is performed without depending on the free-form surface (lens surface or its unprocessed surface) of the workpiece 10. can do.

  The workpiece 10 attached to the mounting jig 30 is a product before finishing the component 20, for example, a resin molded product immediately after molding. The workpiece 10 may have a shape substantially similar to the shape of the component 20, or may be a plate-shaped or block-shaped member. In the illustrated example, the workpiece 10 has a lens portion 11 and a flange portion 12 as in the case of the component 20. The lens portion 11 has a pair of lens surfaces 11a and 11b or surfaces before finishing (hereinafter, referred to as lens surfaces 11a and 11b). Becomes The holding surface 13 is a surface facing the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30 that is indirectly supported by the mounting jig 30 via a braze. A coating film 40 (a thin film including a protective film 41 and an auxiliary film 42) is provided on the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10. The holding surface 13 is protected by the coating film 40 during processing or the like. In addition, the coating film 40 may be provided on the outer surface of the workpiece 10 other than the holding surface 13 (for example, the peripheral surface of the holding surface, the opposite surface, the side surface, and the like). The lens unit 11 is indirectly supported by the mounting jig 30 via the brazing 50. A wax is a fat-like substance that melts at a relatively low temperature (for example, 100 ° C. or lower) and is solid at room temperature. As the wax, for example, a synthetic wax, a petroleum wax, a vegetable wax, or the like is used. In the illustrated example, the brazing 50 is provided on the entire surface of the mounting surface 33. The thickness and area of the wax 50 are adjusted so that the workpiece 10 has a holding force such that the deformation amount at a location 10 mm away from the workpiece 10 under a load of 400 gf (about 3.92 N) is 2 μm or less. ing. The amount of deformation can be measured using a laser length measuring device or the like. The thickness t3 of the row 50 is 0.5 mm or more. The solder 50 may be attached to at least all of the optically effective surfaces of the workpiece 10 among the surfaces on which the protective film 41 is formed. However, if the above-described holding force can be maintained, the solder 50 has a thin portion or There may be portions that are not attached. In addition, although the wax 50 may be attached to a portion other than the optically effective surface such as the flange portion 12, the wax 50 may be mainly attached to and fixed to a portion other than the optically effective surface instead of the optically effective surface. It is difficult to stably hold the workpiece 10. The wax 50 may be formed by melting and solidifying a plate-like wax, or may be applied and attached. By fixing the workpiece 10 with the brazing 50, it can be held firmly. The coating film 40 prevents the workpiece 10 and the brazing 50 from directly contacting each other when the workpiece 10 is attached. Further, the coating film 40 can be easily peeled off from the workpiece 10, and can be safely removed from the wax 50. The flange portion 12 is provided in a pair outside the lens portion 11 and is directly supported by the mounting jig 30. The flange portion 12 is cut after the processing of the lens portion 11. In the case of the component 20 that may leave the flange portion 12, the flange portion 12 does not need to be cut.

  The coating film 40 is formed of a protective film 41 and an auxiliary film 42 in order from the holding surface 13. The protective film 41 is a latex thin film. Latex is an emulsion in which polymer fine particles are stably dispersed. The latex of the present embodiment is a non-rubber type, has an adhesive property even after drying, and is generally used as an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Latex is water-based, has a high flowability, and can penetrate fine structures. In addition, the latex has good adhesion to the coated surface (here, the holding surface 13) after drying, and has good releasability. As the latex, for example, an aqueous masking ink is used. The protective film 41 is formed by applying latex on the entire surface of the holding surface 13. Note that the protective film 41 may be formed on at least the entire optically effective surface of the holding surface 13. The thickness t1 of the protective film 41 is 0.1 mm or more. The protective film 41 protects the holding surface 13 while securing adhesion and peelability. The auxiliary film 42 is a water-based adhesive thin film. The aqueous paste is water-based and has high fluidity. When the aqueous paste is hardened, its surface becomes glossy. As the aqueous paste, for example, an aqueous resin adhesive (specifically, polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL)) is used. The auxiliary film 42 is formed by applying an aqueous paste on the entire outer surface of the protective film 41. The thickness t2 of the auxiliary film 42 is 0.2 mm or more. The auxiliary film 42 prevents the protective film 41 from being broken when the workpiece 10 is detached from the mounting jig 30.

  Hereinafter, a method of holding a workpiece and a method of manufacturing components will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3D and FIGS. 4A to 4D.

  First, a protective film 41 is formed on the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, latex is applied to the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10, that is, the surface facing the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30. The latex is preferably applied to the entire holding surface 13. The latex is applied by using a brush 61, a spray, or the like so as to prevent liquid pooling and extend the film thickness so as not to be extremely changed at various places. Thereafter, the latex is dried to form a latex thin film as the protective film 41. The thickness of the protective film 41 is increased by repeating coating and drying. Drying may be left at room temperature for several minutes.

  Next, the auxiliary film 42 is formed on the protective film 41. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3B, an aqueous paste is applied on the outer surface of the protective film 41 formed on the workpiece 10. The aqueous paste is preferably applied to the entire protective film 41. The aqueous glue is applied by using a brush 62 or a spray, etc., so as not to be pooled so that the film thickness is not extremely changed at various places. Thereafter, the aqueous paste is dried to form an aqueous paste thin film as the auxiliary film 42. The thickness of the auxiliary film 42 is increased by repeating application and drying. In addition, depending on the viscosity of the aqueous paste, a desired film thickness can be obtained by one application. Drying may be carried out at room temperature or with warm air (specifically, at a temperature of about 80 to 100 ° C., so that the warm air is not directly applied to the workpiece 10 until the tackiness is eliminated).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the brazing 50 is mounted on the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30. Specifically, the plate-shaped wax 50 is placed on the mounting surface 33 and is melted using, for example, a heater or the like built in the mounting jig 30, or the melted wax 50 is applied to the mounting surface 33. It is preferable that the solder 50 is attached so as to adhere to at least the entire optically effective surface of the workpiece 10 in the protective film 41, for example.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, the workpiece 10 is positioned with respect to the mounting jig 30. The workpiece 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a flange 12, and the positioning of the workpiece 10 with respect to the mounting jig 30 can be performed by the flange 12. Specifically, the workpiece 10 is positioned by the positioning pins 32a provided on the positioning base 32 of the mounting jig 30. Regarding the position of the workpiece 10 in the vertical direction, the distance and the like between the mounting surface 33 and the holding surface 13 are measured before the wax 50 is mounted on the mounting jig 30. By performing the correction, the provisional positioning can be roughly performed. A gap change due to a change in the position of the workpiece 10 can be adjusted by the row 50.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4A, the temperature of the mounting table 31 is raised to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the wax 50 (for example, about 40 ° C. in the present embodiment), and the wax 50 is turned into a viscous fluid. With the gap between the base 10 and the mounting table 31 filled with the wax 50, the wax 50 is cooled and solidified. That is, the workpiece 10 is fixed to the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30 with the auxiliary film 42 facing the mounting surface 33 and the solder 50 interposed between the auxiliary film 42 and the mounting surface 33. In this case, accurate vertical positioning is achieved. For heating the mounting base 31, for example, a heater incorporated in the mounting base 31, hot air, or a thermostat is used. The row 50 is provided on the entire surface of the coating film 40 (the protective film 41 and the auxiliary film 42) to secure the thickness t3 of 0.5 mm or more. The workability of attaching the workpiece 10 can be improved by forming the brazing 50 into a plate having an appropriate thickness.

  After the workpiece 10 is held on the mounting jig 30, the workpiece 10 is processed. More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the mounting jig 30 to which the workpiece 10 is mounted is fixed to the stage 71 of the processing apparatus 70, and the processing tool 72 is used for polishing or cutting. And so on. Since the workpiece 10 is stably and firmly fixed to the mounting jig 30 via the brazing 50, the workpiece 10 can withstand resistance during processing. Thereby, processing reproducibility can be realized, and a processed surface having a desired shape and surface roughness can be obtained.

  After the processing, as shown in FIG. 4C, the temperature of the mounting table 31 is raised to the melting point or higher to melt or remove the brazing 50, and the workpiece 10 is removed from the mounting jig 30. After the workpiece 10 is removed, the processed surface is measured, and if rework is necessary, the steps shown in FIGS. 3C, 3D, and 4A to 4C are performed again. You can also. Such measurement and correction processing of the processed surface may be repeatedly performed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4D, the protective film 41 is peeled off together with the auxiliary film 42 from the workpiece 10. The protective film 41 and the auxiliary film 42 can be simultaneously peeled off as the coating film 40. Since the protective film 41 is reinforced by the auxiliary film 42, the coating film 40 can be prevented from being broken during peeling. This can prevent the coating film 40 from remaining on the holding surface 13 or the like due to peeling failure. Note that the same applies to the case where the wax 50 remains on the surface of the auxiliary film 42.

  In addition, the flange part 12 is removed from the workpiece 10 after the processing is completed, if necessary. The removal of the flange portion 12 may be performed before or after the peeling of the coating film 40.

  In the above description, one surface of the workpiece 10 is processed, but the other surface can be processed similarly. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a surface (concave surface in the drawing) opposite to the surface (convex surface in the drawing) that was the holding surface 13 in FIG. 42 is formed. That is, the protective film 41 and the auxiliary film 42 are formed on the processed surface, and are held by the mounting jig 30 via the brazing 50. Thus, even if the workpiece 10 is processed on both sides, the holding surface 13 is protected, so that a component 20 free from scratches and dirt can be obtained.

  In addition, the shape of the workpiece 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and can be appropriately changed depending on the application. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the workpiece 10 may have a biconvex lens. Although not shown, a lens having a biconcave lens may be used. Further, a lens having a free-form surface, a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, or the like, or a device having a Fresnel lens may be used.

  According to the method for holding a workpiece described above, protection of the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10 is easy and versatility is high. Specifically, at the time of attachment, processing, removal, and the like, it is possible to prevent the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10 from being scratched or stained mainly by the coating film 40. In addition, since the configuration between the workpiece 10 and the mounting jig 30 (that is, the protective film 41, the auxiliary film 42, and the brazing 50) are all formed of a solidifying fluid, a fine structure is formed on the holding surface 13. Even if it is provided, the workpiece 10 can be held without affecting the microstructure. Further, since the workpiece 10 is attached to the mounting jig 30 via the brazing 50, the workpiece 10 can be attached regardless of the shape of the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10 or the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30. In addition, by manufacturing the component 20 using the above-described holding method, at least the holding surface 13 of the workpiece 10 is protected by the coating film 40 (the protection film 41 and the auxiliary film 42), and the component 20 is damaged during the manufacturing process. And dirt can be prevented.

  In addition, as in the conventional holding method, since the adhesive force of the adhesive or the tape is too strong, when the area of the holding surface of the workpiece is large, it is difficult to peel the adhesive or the like. This may cause scratches or breakage. Even when the adhesive can be peeled off, the adhesive that is difficult to remove remains on the surface after the peeling, and there is a concern that the quality may deteriorate. Also, if a chemical such as acetone is used to peel off the adhesive, the parts may be deteriorated. Further, if the wax is directly attached to the workpiece, if the component is made of resin, it is difficult to clean and the wax cannot be removed.

[Second embodiment]
Hereinafter, a method of holding a workpiece according to the second embodiment will be described. The method according to the second embodiment is a partial modification of the method according to the first embodiment, and items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in the present embodiment, the shape of the holding surface 13 and the shape of the mounting surface 33 are different. That is, the shape of the holding surface 13 can be independently prepared without depending on the shape of the mounting surface 33. In the illustrated example, the mounting surface 33 of the mounting base 31 is a flat surface. In this case, the positioning of the workpiece 10 is facilitated by preparing the brazing 50 that matches the shape of the space between the holding surface 13 and the mounting surface 33.

[Third embodiment]
Hereinafter, a method of holding a workpiece according to the third embodiment will be described. The method according to the third embodiment is a partial modification of the method according to the first embodiment, and items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In the case of a low-grade component 20 that does not require high-precision shape accuracy or appearance, positioning does not have to be performed at the time of attachment to the attachment jig 30. That is, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the mounting jig 30 may be provided only with the mounting base 31 without providing the positioning base 32. Also, for example, in the case of performing polishing after free-form surface processing, the workpiece 10 protected by the coating film 40 can be held using only the mounting base 31 shown in the drawing, and the workpiece 10 is May not be required.

  In this case, it is preferable to form the coating film 40 (the protection film 41 and the auxiliary film 42) on the outer surface of the workpiece 10 other than the holding surface 13. Thereby, the peripheral surface of the holding surface 13, the opposite surface, the side surface 11c, and the like can be protected. For example, by forming the coating film 40 on the side surface 11c or the like, it is possible to prevent the wax 50 from directly adhering.

[Fourth embodiment]
Hereinafter, a method of holding a workpiece according to the fourth embodiment will be described. The method according to the fourth embodiment is a partial modification of the method according to the first embodiment, and items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a coating film (support-side coating film 140) similar to the workpiece 10 is also formed on the mounting surface 33 of the mounting jig 30. In this case, before the wax 50 is attached to the attachment surface 33, the support-side protective film 141 and the support-side auxiliary film 142 are formed on the attachment surface 33. Thereby, the mounting surface 33 can be protected. Further, after the processing of the workpiece 10 is completed, the brazing 50 can be easily removed from the mounting surface 33.

  The method for holding a workpiece according to the present embodiment has been described above, but the method according to the present invention is not limited to the above. For example, in the above embodiment, the method of holding the workpiece is used when performing direct processing such as polishing or cutting, but may be used for holding the part 20 for measurement or the like.

  In the above embodiment, the workpiece 10 may be processed other than the lens surfaces 11a and 11b.

  In the above embodiment, the flange portion 12 is used for positioning, but a pin gauge or a high-precision ball may be used. In addition, by arranging a plurality of high-precision spheres on the mounting jig 30 and mounting a workpiece or a component on the spheres, it is also possible to correct the posture when setting a measurement reference or processing.

  In the above embodiment, a peeling margin may be provided in the coating film 40 in order to facilitate the peeling.

  Further, as described above, the size of the mounting surface 33 of the mounting base 31 may be equal to or larger than the size of the holding surface 13 as shown in FIG. 10, and the coating film 40 (the protective film 41 and the auxiliary film 42). The area of the solder 50 and the area of the solder 50 can be appropriately changed according to the holding force of the solder 50.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Workpiece, 11 ... Lens part, 11a, 11b ... Lens surface, 11c ... Side surface, 12 ... Flange part, 13 ... Holding surface, 20 ... Parts, 30 ... Mounting jig, 31 ... Mounting stand, 32 ... Positioning Base, 32a positioning pin, 33 mounting surface, 40 coating film, 41 protective film, 42 auxiliary film, 50 brazing, 61, 62 brush, 70 processing machine, 71 stage, 72 processing tool

Claims (5)

A step of forming a protective film that is a latex thin film on the holding surface of the workpiece,
Forming an auxiliary film that is an aqueous glue thin film on the outer surface of the protective film,
A step of fixing the workpiece with a wax with a wax interposed between the auxiliary film and the mounting surface with the auxiliary film facing the mounting surface on a mounting surface of a mounting jig for support; ,
Melting the wax and removing the workpiece from the mounting jig;
Removing the protective film together with the auxiliary film from the workpiece;
A method for holding a workpiece, comprising:   2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the protective film and the auxiliary film are formed on the outer surface of the workpiece other than the holding surface. The workpiece has a flange portion,
The method for holding a workpiece according to any one of claims 1 and 2 , further comprising a step of positioning the workpiece with respect to the mounting jig by the flange portion. Before attaching the wax to the mounting surface, any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that to form the supporting side auxiliary film which is a support side protective film and aqueous glue film is a latex film on the mounting surface A method for holding a workpiece according to claim 1. A method for manufacturing a component, comprising using the method for holding a workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

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