JP6618112B2 - Pseudoresonator for electronic piano - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic piano, and more particularly to a pseudo-resonance device that reproduces a rich sound (loud effect) obtained by depressing a damper pedal of an acoustic piano.

In an acoustic piano (grand piano), as shown in FIG. 8, when a key 101 on a keyboard is pressed, a hammer 102 that moves in an interlocking manner with the key 101 strikes a string 103 to generate a sound. In addition, a damper 104 that can be contacted and separated by operating a damper pedal (not shown) is provided for each string (key), and the damper 104 comes into contact with the string 103 to stop the vibration of the string 103. . When the key 101 on the keyboard is depressed, the damper 104 is automatically separated from the string 103 so that a continuous sound can be produced.
When the damper pedal is depressed, all the dampers including the dampers corresponding to the keys that are not pressed are forcibly separated from the strings. As a result, the opened strings 103 can resonate with each other via a soundboard mounted on the piano, thereby producing a rich sound (loud effect).

  In the case of an acoustic piano, when the performer steps on the damper pedal, the amount of depression is adjusted to control the force with which the damper touches the strings, thereby producing an intermediate sound (a performance method called half-damper). You can also.

On the other hand, in an electronic piano having a structure in which only a sound corresponding to a key depression is generated and sustained, a loud effect in which a damper is released is simulated and reproduced by a sound persistence and reverberation device.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the piano sound generated in the piano sound generator 40 is maintained by operating the keyboard, and the reverberation device 5 simulates string resonance. That is, for the piano sound generated by the piano sound generator 40, the output of the reverberation device 5 is multiplied by the multiplication coefficient a = 1 when the damper pedal is depressed, and when the damper pedal is released, the multiplication coefficient a = 0 is multiplied. Then, it is added to the piano sound generated by the piano sound generator 40 to obtain the acoustic output of the piano. When the multiplication coefficient a is 0 <a <1, the damper pedal is in a half damper state.
The reverberation device 5 creates a reverberation signal that simulates string resonance by performing delay processing or the like on the waveform input as the piano sound.

  According to the above-described structure, sounds generated as sound outputs resonate with each other via a soundboard attached to the piano, but the connection between the sound output and the outside world is one-way acoustically. (There is no possibility that the reverberation device 5 takes in the sound output), so that there is a problem that sufficient resonance cannot be obtained and rich sound like an acoustic piano cannot be obtained.

  Further, in Patent Document 1, in a composite piano that can be played with an electronic sound source in addition to a normal piano performance, when a loudspeaker effect is obtained by opening a damper, a speaker provided near the soundboard is disclosed. Generates a musical sound according to the key press information, picks up a sound that resonates with the soundboard or other strings, etc. from a microphone provided near the soundboard, and picks the picked music sound corresponding to the key press information By creating a sound that is mixed with the sound, not only the musical sound corresponding to the key that was pressed, but also the sound that resonated with the soundboard or string etc. by the musical sound, the volume and tone are enriched. Has been described.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-92967

  However, according to the configuration described in Patent Document 1, when the musical sound collected by the microphone is mixed with the musical sound corresponding to the key depression information, the signal is simply added to each other. However, there is a problem that it is impossible to delicately control the volume and tone according to the sound.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and in an electronic piano, the rich reverberation (loud effect) obtained when the damper pedal of an acoustic piano is depressed is changed according to the depression amount of the damper pedal. An object is to provide a pseudo-resonance device in an electronic piano that can be reproduced.

In order to achieve the above object, the pseudo-resonance device according to claim 1 comprises:
An electronic piano (100) including a piano sound generator (40) that generates a piano sound by operating a keyboard (17), and a reverberation device (5) that simulates string resonance of the piano sound by depressing a damper pedal (14b) )
The electronic piano (100) is provided with a sound collection device (microphone 1) that collects sound transmitted from inside and outside,
Adding the sound collected by the sound collection device (microphone 1) to the piano sound and inputting it to the reverberation device (5);
The sound output from the reverberation device (5) is multiplied by a coefficient corresponding to the depression amount of the damper pedal (14b) to obtain a reverberation sound when the damper is opened,
Together comprise Could resonance speaker (9) The reverberation is characterized in that to sound from the main speakers (22) by adding the piano sound to the reverberation sound as the final output of the electronic piano.

Claim 2 is the pseudo-resonance device in the electronic piano according to claim 1 ,
The main speakers (22) are respectively installed on the board (60) with an interval between the left and right channels.
The resonance speakers (9) are respectively installed so as to expand sound in a direction facing each main speaker (22) at a position sandwiched between the main speakers (22) on the inner surface of the board (60),
The sound pickup device (microphone 1) is installed between the main speaker (22) and the resonance speaker (9), respectively.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to the pseudo-resonance device in the electronic piano according to the second aspect ,
The sound collection unit (1a) of the sound collection device (microphone 1) is provided on the upper surface of the sound collection device.

  According to the pseudo-resonance device of the present invention (Claim 1), the sound collection device (microphone 1) collects sound and vibration from the outside world, and the signal is fed back through the reverberation device (5). In an electronic piano, the rich sound (loud effect) obtained when the damper pedal (14b) of the acoustic piano is depressed is changed according to the depression amount of the damper pedal (14b), and the performance with the damper pedal (14b) is performed. The effect can be enhanced.

  According to the pseudo-resonance device of the second aspect, by providing the resonance speaker (9), a complicated resonance feeling can be reproduced.

  According to the pseudo-resonance device of claim 3, effective resonance can be reproduced by devising the installation positions of the main speaker (22), the resonance speaker (9), and the sound pickup device (microphone 1).

  According to the pseudo-resonance device of the fourth aspect, the sound collecting unit (1a) of the sound collecting device (microphone 1) is installed on the upper surface, so that sound can be collected efficiently from a wide range around.

It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of the electronic piano provided with the pseudo resonance apparatus of this invention. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the function of the pseudo resonance apparatus of this invention. It is a graph which shows the coefficient a (output amount with respect to the depression amount of a damper pedal) multiplied with the output of the reverberation apparatus of a pseudo resonance apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of the pseudo resonance apparatus of this invention. It is external appearance explanatory drawing of an electronic piano. It is a model figure for demonstrating the arrangement position of each speaker in an electronic piano. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the function of the conventional pseudo resonance apparatus. It is a mechanism figure for demonstrating the action mechanism in a grand piano.

Hereinafter, an electronic piano provided with a pseudo resonance apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the main hardware configuration of an electronic piano. A CPU 10, ROM 11, RAM 12, key scan circuit 13, piano sound generator (sound source) 40, pseudo-resonance device (for a system bus 30) A configuration for connecting a digital signal processing circuit) 50 is constructed on a computer.
The CPU 10 is provided with an operator group 14 composed of a plurality of operators to which physical inputs such as a rotation operation, a slide operation, and a stepping amount are performed, tone selection and sound setting (reverberation effect and sound effect setting). An operation panel 15 to be performed and a MIDI interface circuit 16 for performing MIDI data transfer control with an external device are connected.

Each of the controls includes a volume switch 14a for adjusting the volume of sound generation, a damper pedal 14b for giving a loud effect to the sound generation, and the like.
The volume switch 14a is converted into a voltage value (AD value) by analog / digital conversion of an operation amount (physical input) that is a rotation angle or a movement amount by a potentiometer by a rotary type or dial switch as an operation element, Volume control is performed by changing the AD value.
The damper pedal 14b performs analog / digital conversion of the pedal depression amount (operation amount) to a voltage value (AD value) by a potentiometer, and changes the loud effect on the sound by changing the AD value, thereby performing reverberation effect control. Is called.
The keyboard 17 is composed of a plurality of keys by which the performer instructs the pitch of a musical tone, and a key switch that opens and closes in conjunction with the keys. The keyboard 17 is connected to a key scan circuit 13 that scans the state of the key switch and outputs it as key data.

The CPU 10 controls the entire electronic piano according to a control program stored in the ROM 11. The control program includes a program for controlling each operator, such as a volume control program, so that a volume control device is constructed on the computer.
Further, the CPU 10 performs an assigner process for assigning a sound generation channel to a key depression of the keyboard 17 and an access process for the piano sound generator (sound source) 40.

  The ROM 11 stores various programs executed by or referred to by the CPU 10, various data, and the like. Programs and data stored in the ROM 11 are referred to by the CPU 10 via the system bus 30. That is, the CPU 10 is configured to read a control program (command) from the ROM 11 via the system bus 30 and interpret / execute it, and to read predetermined fixed data and use it for arithmetic processing.

  The RAM 12 is used as a working memory that temporarily stores various data necessary for the CPU 10 to execute a program. For example, the AD value obtained by A / D converting the operation amount (physical input) of each operator in the operator group 14, the operation processing data by the operation panel 15, the key data captured from the keyboard 17, and the like are stored in the RAM 12. Temporarily stored. Data stored in the RAM 12 is referred to by the CPU 10 via the system bus 30.

  The key scan circuit 13 scans the state of the key switch of the keyboard 17 and outputs it as key data indicating the on / off state of the key. The key data is sent to the CPU 10 via the system bus 30 and temporarily stored in the RAM 12.

  The piano sound generator 40 as a sound source is driven in accordance with musical tone data (waveform address created corresponding to a timbre number, frequency data created corresponding to a key number, etc.) sent from the CPU 10 by operating the keyboard 17. The digital musical tone signal is generated in a time division manner. The digital musical tone signal generated by the piano sound generator 40 is output to the pseudo resonance apparatus 50 that performs digital signal processing.

  The waveform memory 18 is composed of, for example, a ROM, and stores waveform data subjected to pulse code modulation (PCM). The waveform memory 18 stores a plurality of types of waveform data (specified by tone color numbers) corresponding to each tone color in order to realize a plurality of tone colors. The waveform data stored in the waveform memory 18 is read by the piano sound generator 40.

The quasi-resonant device 50 performs a predetermined calculation between the digital musical sound signal input from the piano sound generator 40 and the coefficient input from the CPU 10 and outputs the result. Detailed functions of the pseudo-resonance device 50 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG.
The pseudo-resonance device 50 collects sound transmitted from the inside and outside of the electronic piano by the microphone 1 as a sound collection device, amplifies the collected sound by the microphone amplifier 2, and converts it into an A / D converted signal. On the other hand, the first adder 4 for adding the piano sound from the piano sound generator 40, the reverberation device 5 for simulating the string resonance of the piano sound from the added sound, and the output of the reverberation device 5 are multiplied by the coefficient a. A multiplier 6 and a second adder 7 for adding the output of the multiplier 6 to the piano sound are provided.

A microphone (sound collecting device) 1 is installed inside an electronic piano. The reverberation device 5 creates a reverberation signal that simulates string resonance by performing a delay process or the like, which is a known technique, on a waveform input as a piano sound from the piano sound generator 40. The multiplier 6 multiplies the reverberation signal by a coefficient a corresponding to the depression amount of the damper pedal 14b, and outputs the result as a reverberation sound when the damper is released.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the coefficient a is such that the coefficient a (1 or less) increases according to the depression amount s of the damper pedal 14b, and a map composed of a curve with a gentle rise is used. Thus, the coefficient a used in the multiplier 6 can be made variable. The reason why the rise of the coefficient a is made gentle is to enable fine adjustment of the reverberation effect at the beginning of depression of the damper pedal 14b. The map shown in FIG. 3 is stored in advance in the ROM 11 by the CPU 10 via the system bus 30, and the coefficient a calculated according to the amount of depression of the damper pedal 14 b is output to the multiplier 6 of the pseudo-resonance device 50. The Further, a plurality of maps may be stored so that a desired reverberation effect mode can be selected.

  According to the configuration described above, reverberation is added to the sound of the outside by the reverberation device 5, and the coefficient a corresponding to the degree of depression of the damper pedal 14b is multiplied to become a reverberation sound when the damper is opened. Then, the piano sound is added to the reverberation sound by the second adder 7 and becomes the final output (musical sound signal) of the electronic piano.

The digital musical tone signal generated by the pseudo resonance apparatus 50 is supplied to the D / A converter 20.
The D / A converter 20 converts the supplied digital musical tone signal into an analog musical tone signal. The analog tone signal output from the D / A converter 20 is sent to the amplifier 21.

  The amplifier 21 amplifies the input analog musical sound signal with a predetermined amplification factor and outputs it. The analog tone signal that has been amplified by the amplifier 21 is supplied to the main speaker 22.

  The main speaker 22 converts an analog musical sound signal as an electric signal into an acoustic signal. That is, the physical of the pedal that imparts the damper pedal effect to the volume adjusted by the physical input (rotation amount, movement amount, etc.) by the operator performing volume control on the musical sound corresponding to the depression of each key on the keyboard 17. A sound effect corresponding to the target input (depression amount) is added to produce a sound.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the pseudo-resonance device 50, and the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
According to this example, a resonance speaker 9 that emits a reverberation sound at the time of releasing the damper is installed via the D / A converter 20 and the amplifier 8 with respect to the outputs of the reverberation device 5 and the multiplier 6. As a result, the reverberant sound of the electronic piano is generated by the resonance speaker 9 and picked up by the microphone 1 including the sound, thereby obtaining a richer sound by obtaining a more complicated feedback compared to FIG. be able to. That is, by applying such feedback, the peak and dip of the frequency characteristic-amplitude characteristic are exaggerated, and it is possible to simulate how many strings of an acoustic piano resonate.

Next, an arrangement example of the speakers constituting the pseudo resonance apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 4 on the electronic piano will be described.
FIG. 5 is an external view of the electronic piano. For example, each speaker of the pseudo-resonance device 50 is installed on a flat board (shelf plate) 60 installed in the left-right direction of the electronic piano 100. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the main speaker 22 that emits large sound and radiates to the outside is installed on the board 60 so that the sound diffusion direction is downward with an interval for each of the left and right channels. In order to obtain a sense of spreading of the left and right sounds, the main speaker 22 is installed as far away as possible.
In the interior of the electronic piano 100, a pair of resonance speakers is arranged at the center position between the two main speakers 22 and 22 on the inner side surface (inside the electronic piano) of the board 60 so that the sound diffusion direction is toward the main speakers 22 side. 9,9 are arranged. Then, cylindrical microphones 1 and 1 are installed near the middle between the main speakers 22 and 22 and the resonance speakers 9 and 9, respectively. The sound collection unit 1a of the microphone 1 is installed on the upper surface (opposite side of the board 60) and collects sound from the upper surface direction. However, since the directivity is good, sound from the lateral direction can also be collected. By installing the sound collection unit 1a of the microphone 1 on the upper surface, sound can be collected efficiently from a wide surrounding area.

  In this example, each speaker is installed on a board (shelf plate) 60 installed horizontally in the left-right direction of the electronic piano 100, but the front of the board installed in the vertical direction on the front of the electronic piano 100. The main speaker may be installed so that the direction side is the sound diffusion direction, or the main speaker may be installed so that the sound expansion direction is upward with respect to the board horizontally installed in the left-right direction of the electronic piano 100. . Moreover, the structure which combined the some board in which each speaker was installed may be sufficient.

The signals collected by the left and right microphones 1 and 1 are amplified by the microphone amplifiers 2 and 2, respectively, and then converted into PCM signals by the A / D converters 3 and 3, and the digital signal processing circuit is used as a main component. Is output to the pseudo-resonance device 50. As described with reference to FIG. 4, this signal is added to the piano sound and sent to the reverberation device 5 inside the pseudo-resonance device 50, and is multiplied by a coefficient a in accordance with the movement of the damper pedal 14b to become a reverberation signal. The analog signal is converted by the D / A converter 20 and then amplified by the amplifiers 8 and 8 and output to the left and right resonance speakers 9 and 9. The reverberation signal multiplied by the coefficient a and the piano signal are added, amplified by the amplifiers 21 and 21 , and output to the left and right main speakers 22 and 22, respectively.

  According to the above-described pseudo-resonance device 50, in order to obtain a phenomenon that resembles the complex resonance of an acoustic piano in principle, sound and vibration from the outside are collected by the sound collection unit 1a of the microphone (sound collection device) 1. However, when the signal is fed back via the reverberation device 5, it is possible to reproduce a complex resonance feeling that is difficult to obtain by simple digital signal processing. The performance expression can be enhanced by adjusting the reverberant sound according to the damper pedal.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Microphone (sound collecting device), 1a ... Sound collecting part, 2 ... Microphone amplifier, 3 ... A / D converter, 4 ... 1st adder, 5 ... Reverberation device, 6 ... Multiplier, 7 ... 2nd addition 8 ... Amplifier 9 ... Resonance speaker 10 ... CPU 11 ... ROM 12 ... RAM 14 ... Operator group 14a ... Volume switch 14b ... Damper pedal 15 ... Operation panel 17 ... Keyboard 20 ... D / A converter, 21 ... amplifier, 22 ... main speaker, 40 ... piano sound generator (sound source), 50 ... pseudo-resonance device, 60 ... board, 100 ... electronic piano.

Claims (3)

In an electronic piano provided with a piano sound generator that generates a piano sound by operating a keyboard, and a reverberation device that simulates string resonance of the piano sound by depressing a damper pedal,
A sound collecting device that collects sound transmitted from the inside and outside of the electronic piano is installed,
The sound collected by the sound collection device is added to the piano sound and input to the reverberation device,
The sound output from the reverberation device is multiplied by a coefficient corresponding to the amount of depression of the damper pedal to obtain a reverberation sound when the damper is opened,
Provided with a Could resonance speaker the reverberation, pseudo resonance device in an electronic piano, characterized in that to sound from adding the piano sound to the reverberation main speakers as the final output of the electronic piano. The main speaker is installed on the board with an interval for each left and right channel,
The resonance speakers are respectively installed so as to expand sound in a direction facing each main speaker at a position sandwiched between the main speakers on the inner surface of the board,
The sound collection device is installed between the main speaker and the resonance speaker, respectively.
The pseudo resonance apparatus in the electronic piano according to claim 1 . The pseudo-resonance device for an electronic piano according to claim 2 , wherein the sound collection unit of the sound collection device is installed on an upper surface of the sound collection device.