JP6599687B2 - Fly ash dust suppression method - Google Patents

Fly ash dust suppression method Download PDF

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JP6599687B2
JP6599687B2 JP2015162545A JP2015162545A JP6599687B2 JP 6599687 B2 JP6599687 B2 JP 6599687B2 JP 2015162545 A JP2015162545 A JP 2015162545A JP 2015162545 A JP2015162545 A JP 2015162545A JP 6599687 B2 JP6599687 B2 JP 6599687B2
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fly ash
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limestone
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裕介 桐野
大亮 黒川
宙 平尾
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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Description

本発明は、フライアッシュの発塵を抑制する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for suppressing fly ash dust generation.

石炭中に灰分は10〜20質量%含まれており、この灰分は石炭が燃焼した後に、フライアッシュ、シンダーアッシュ、ボトムアッシュ、およびクリンカアッシュ等の形態で回収されている。このうちフライアッシュは、比重が2.3程度と比較的軽く乾燥した微粉であるため、発塵し易く取り扱いが難しい。
この発塵を抑制する上でフライアッシュへの散水は有効であるが、水とフライアッシュ中のカルシウム分が反応して水酸化カルシウムが生成し、この水酸化カルシウムが刺激剤となってフライアッシュはポゾラン反応が進行して固化する。そして、固化したフライアッシュは、輸送や貯蔵等の作業において取り扱いが著しく困難になるほか、フライアッシュのポゾラン反応性が減少するため、セメント用混和材としての有用性が低下する。
Ash contains 10 to 20% by mass in coal, and this ash is recovered in the form of fly ash, cinder ash, bottom ash, clinker ash and the like after the coal burns. Of these, fly ash is a fine powder that is relatively light and dry with a specific gravity of about 2.3, so it tends to generate dust and is difficult to handle.
Water spraying to fly ash is effective in suppressing this dusting, but the calcium content in water and fly ash reacts to produce calcium hydroxide, and this calcium hydroxide acts as a stimulant to fly ash. Solidifies as the pozzolanic reaction proceeds. The solidified fly ash becomes extremely difficult to handle in operations such as transportation and storage, and the pozzolanic reactivity of fly ash is reduced, so that its usefulness as a cement admixture is reduced.

そこで、粉体の発塵や、フライアッシュのポゾラン反応および固化を抑制する方法として、ポリアルキレングリコール、糖類、およびアルコール類等の有機系添加剤を含む水を、フライアッシュに散布等する方法が知られている。例えば、特許文献1には、低炭素数の飽和アルキレンオキシド鎖を有するポリアルキレングリコールを噴霧する粉体・粉粒体の製造方法が提案され、特許文献2には、多糖類を1〜20質量%、残部が水、または水とアルコールからなるフライアッシュ発塵硬化抑制剤が提案され、また、特許文献3には、水が70〜95質量%と残部が1価の低級アルコールからなるフライアッシュ硬化抑制剤が提案されている。
しかし、これらの方法を実施する場合、前記添加剤を貯蔵するための設備が必要となるほか、前記添加剤は比較的高価であり、発塵抑制のための処理コストは高くなる。また、前記添加剤はセメントの凝結を過度に遅延させ、コンクリート中の空気量を過度に増加させるなどの悪影響を及ぼす場合がある。これにより、前記添加剤を含むフライアッシュは発塵を抑制できても、セメント用混和材として使用できないなどの問題があった。
Therefore, as a method of suppressing powder dust generation and pozzolanic reaction and solidification of fly ash, there is a method of spraying water containing organic additives such as polyalkylene glycol, sugars, and alcohols to fly ash. Are known. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for producing a powder / granules by spraying a polyalkylene glycol having a saturated alkylene oxide chain having a low carbon number, and Patent Document 2 discloses 1 to 20 mass of polysaccharide. %, A fly ash dusting and hardening inhibitor composed of water or water and alcohol is proposed, and Patent Document 3 discloses fly ash composed of 70 to 95% by weight of water and the remainder composed of monovalent lower alcohol. Curing inhibitors have been proposed.
However, when these methods are carried out, equipment for storing the additive is required, and the additive is relatively expensive, and the processing cost for suppressing dust generation is high. In addition, the additive may adversely affect the setting of the cement excessively and excessively increase the amount of air in the concrete. As a result, the fly ash containing the additive has a problem that it can not be used as an admixture for cement even though dust generation can be suppressed.

特開平05−177124号公報JP 05-177124 A 特開平10−147601号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-147601 特開平10−148322号公報JP-A-10-148322

したがって、本発明は、フライアッシュの発塵を抑制するためのコストが低く、発塵を抑制したフライアッシュはセメント用混和材として使用できる、フライアッシュの発塵抑制方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fly ash dust suppression method that is low in cost for suppressing fly ash dust generation and that can be used as an admixture for cement. To do.

そこで、本発明者は、前記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、単にフライアッシュと石灰石微粉末を混合するという簡易な操作により、フライアッシュの発塵を抑制でき、また、発塵を抑制したフライアッシュはセメント用混和材として使用できることを見い出し、本発明を完成させた。すなわち、本発明は、以下の構成を有するフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法である。   Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor can suppress the generation of fly ash by a simple operation of simply mixing fly ash and fine limestone powder. It was found that the fly ash thus obtained can be used as an admixture for cement, thus completing the present invention. That is, the present invention is a fly ash dust suppression method having the following configuration.

[1]フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末のみを混合することを特徴とする、フライアッシュの発塵抑制方法であって、
前記フライアッシュのブレーン比表面積が2000〜4000cm /gであり、
前記石灰石微粉末のブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm /gであって、
前記ブレーン比表面積が2000〜4000cm/gのフライアッシュおよび前記ブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm/gの石灰石微粉末の合計100質量%として、ブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm /gの石灰石微粉末の混合割合が25〜50質量%である、フライアッシュの発塵抑制方法。
[2]前記フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合が、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合物を出荷するまでの工程において行われる、前記[1]に記載のフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法。
[1] A fly ash dust suppression method characterized by mixing only fly ash and fine limestone powder,
The fly ash has a brain specific surface area of 2000 to 4000 cm 2 / g,
The limestone fine powder has a Blaine specific surface area of 6000 to 8000 cm 2 / g,
100% by mass of the total of the powder limestone fine fly ash and the Blaine specific surface area of 6000~8000cm 2 / g of the Blaine specific surface area of 2000~4000cm 2 / g, the Blaine specific surface area of 6000~8000cm 2 / g Limestone The fly ash dust suppression method, wherein the mixing ratio of the fine powder is 25 to 50% by mass.
[2] The fly ash dust suppression method according to [1], wherein the mixing of the fly ash and the limestone fine powder is performed in a process until the mixture of the fly ash and the limestone fine powder is shipped.

本発明のフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法はコストが低く、また、該方法により発塵を抑制したフライアッシュは、セメントやコンクリートの物性に悪影響を与えないため、セメント用混和材として使用できる。   The fly ash dust suppression method of the present invention is low in cost, and fly ash in which dust generation is suppressed by the method can be used as an admixture for cement because it does not adversely affect the properties of cement and concrete.

本願の実施例において、フライアッシュの発塵性の評価に用いた発塵試験装置を示す図である(テフロン処理防塵固化材協会発行の「テフロン処理防塵固化材技術資料」付録1に掲載の図−1(a)を転載した。)。ただし、「テフロン」は登録商標である。In the Example of this application, it is a figure which shows the dust generation test apparatus used for evaluation of the dusting property of fly ash (The figure published in Appendix 1 of "Teflon processing dustproof solidification material technical data" published by Teflon treatment dustproof solidification material association) -1 (a) was reprinted). However, “Teflon” is a registered trademark. 石灰石微粉末の混合割合と落下発塵量の関係を示す図である。ただし、図中の破線は、発塵抑制において、石灰石微粉末による単なる希釈効果を示す基準線である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the mixing rate of limestone fine powder, and the amount of falling dust. However, the broken line in the figure is a reference line indicating a simple dilution effect by fine limestone powder in suppressing dust generation.

本発明は、前記のとおり、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末を混合するフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法である。以下、本発明について、フライアッシュ、石灰石微粉末、およびフライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合とに分けて詳細に説明する。   As described above, the present invention is a method for suppressing fly ash dusting by mixing fly ash and fine limestone powder. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by dividing it into fly ash, fine limestone powder, and mixing of fly ash and fine limestone powder.

1.フライアッシュ
本発明で用いるフライアッシュは、JIS A 6201「コンクリート用フライアッシュ」に規定するフライアッシュI種、II種、III種、およびIV種から選ばれる1種以上であり、ポゾラン反応性等の性能の点から、これらの中でも好ましくはフライアッシュI種およびII種である。また、フライアッシュのブレーン比表面積は、好ましくは2000〜6000cm/gである。ブレーン比表面積が該範囲内にあれば、本発明の方法において、フライアッシュの発塵を抑制する効果が高い。なお、前記ブレーン比表面積は、より好ましくは2000〜5000cm/g、さらに好ましくは2000〜4000cm/gである。
1. Fly ash The fly ash used in the present invention is at least one selected from fly ash type I, type II, type III, and type IV as defined in JIS A 6201 “Fly Ash for Concrete”. Among these, fly ash type I and type II are preferable from the viewpoint of performance. Moreover, the brain specific surface area of fly ash is preferably 2000 to 6000 cm 2 / g. If the Blaine specific surface area is within this range, the method of the present invention has a high effect of suppressing fly ash dust generation. The Blaine specific surface area is more preferably 2000 to 5000 cm 2 / g, and still more preferably 2000 to 4000 cm 2 / g.

2.石灰石微粉末
本発明で用いる石灰石微粉末は、JIS A 5008「舗装用石灰石粉」に規定する石灰石粉であり、そのブレーン比表面積は、好ましくは3500cm/g以上である。ブレーン比表面積が該値以上であれば、フライアッシュの発塵を抑制する効果が高い。なお、石灰石微粉末のブレーン比表面積は、より好ましくは5000〜12000cm/g、さらに好ましくは6000〜8000cm/gである。
2. Limestone fine powder The limestone fine powder used in the present invention is limestone powder as defined in JIS A 5008 “Pavement Limestone Powder”, and its brane specific surface area is preferably 3500 cm 2 / g or more. If the Blaine specific surface area is equal to or greater than this value, the effect of suppressing fly ash dust generation is high. In addition, the brane specific surface area of the limestone fine powder is more preferably 5000 to 12000 cm 2 / g, and still more preferably 6000 to 8000 cm 2 / g.

3.フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合
前記フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合は、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合物を出荷するまでの工程において行われる。ここで、前記出荷するまでの工程には、例えば、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の貯蔵工程、およびフライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の輸送工程が含まれる。また、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合方法は、フライアッシュに対し石灰石微粉末を添加して混合する方法と、石灰石微粉末に対しフライアッシュを添加して混合する方法のいずれも含む。
前記混合手段は、容器回転型、固定容器型、および流体運動型の各型式の一般的な粉体混合装置が使用できる。なお、セメント工場等で混合する場合、ベルトコンベアなどの輸送装置に、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末を混載するだけで、コンベアの乗り継ぎや、サイロ等の保管設備、およびトラック、船舶等の運送設備への投入工程において、粉体が混合されることにより、前記混合装置を用いた混合と、同程度の混合効果が生じる。
また、石灰石微粉末の混合割合は、フライアッシュおよび石灰石微粉末の合計100質量%に対し、好ましくは25〜50質量%、より好ましくは30〜50質量%、さらに好ましくは35〜50質量%である。後掲の図2に示すように、前記混合割合が25質量%未満では、石灰石微粉末の混合によるフライアッシュの発塵抑制効果は小さく、また、前記混合割合が50質量%を超える範囲では、石灰石微粉末の混合割合を増やしても、フライアッシュの発塵抑制効果の向上の程度は小さい。
3. Mixing of fly ash and fine limestone powder The mixing of the fly ash and fine limestone powder is performed in a process until the mixture of fly ash and fine limestone powder is shipped. Here, the process until the shipment includes, for example, a storage process of fly ash and limestone fine powder and a transport process of fly ash and limestone fine powder. Moreover, the mixing method of a fly ash and limestone fine powder includes both the method of adding and mixing limestone fine powder with respect to fly ash, and the method of adding and mixing fly ash with respect to limestone fine powder.
As the mixing means, general powder mixing devices of a container rotating type, a fixed container type, and a fluid motion type can be used. When mixing in cement factories, etc., simply transport fly ash and fine limestone powder to a transport device such as a belt conveyor to transfer equipment for conveyors, storage equipment such as silos, and transportation equipment such as trucks and ships. In the charging step, the mixing of the powder produces the same mixing effect as the mixing using the mixing device.
Moreover, the mixing ratio of the limestone fine powder is preferably 25 to 50% by mass, more preferably 30 to 50% by mass, and further preferably 35 to 50% by mass with respect to the total 100% by mass of fly ash and limestone fine powder. is there. As shown in FIG. 2 below, when the mixing ratio is less than 25% by mass, the effect of suppressing fly ash dust generation by mixing fine limestone powder is small, and in the range where the mixing ratio exceeds 50% by mass, Even if the mixing ratio of the limestone fine powder is increased, the degree of improvement of fly ash dust generation suppression effect is small.

以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されない。
1.使用した試料
(1)フライアッシュ(略号:FA)
使用したフライアッシュは、ブレーン比表面積が3660cm/gで、JIS A 6201「コンクリート用フライアッシュ」に規定するフライアッシュII種に相当する。該フライアッシュの化学組成、鉱物組成、および粉体特性を、それぞれ表1〜3に示す。
(2)石灰石微粉末(略号:CC)
使用した石灰石微粉末は、ブレーン比表面積が6170cm/gで、JIS A 5008「舗装用石灰石粉」に規定する石灰石粉に相当する。該石灰石微粉末の化学組成、鉱物組成、および粉体特性を、それぞれ表1〜3に示す。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
1. Sample used (1) Fly ash (abbreviation: FA)
The fly ash used has a brain specific surface area of 3660 cm 2 / g and corresponds to the fly ash type II specified in JIS A 6201 “Fly Ash for Concrete”. The chemical composition, mineral composition, and powder characteristics of the fly ash are shown in Tables 1 to 3, respectively.
(2) Limestone fine powder (abbreviation: CC)
The fine limestone powder used has a specific surface area of 6170 cm 2 / g and corresponds to the limestone powder defined in JIS A 5008 “Pavement Limestone Powder”. The chemical composition, mineral composition, and powder characteristics of the fine limestone powder are shown in Tables 1 to 3, respectively.

2.発塵の測定
2.1 混合試料の調製
フライアッシュ(FA)と石灰石微粉末(CC)を、質量比がFA/CC=100/0、90/10、80/20、70/30、60/40、50/50、25/75、および0/100で、全量が200gになるように、それぞれ秤量してビニール袋に入れた。次に、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末が、目視で均質になるまで約1分間混合して混合試料を調製した。
2. 2. Measurement of Dust Generation 2.1 Preparation of Mixed Samples Fly ash (FA) and fine limestone powder (CC) are mass ratios of FA / CC = 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60 / 40, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 were weighed so that the total amount would be 200 g, and put in a plastic bag. Next, a mixed sample was prepared by mixing fly ash and fine limestone powder for about 1 minute until visually homogenized.

2.2 測定方法
発塵の測定は、テフロン処理防塵固化材協会のテフロン処理防塵固化材の発塵試験方法(テフロン処理防塵固化材協会発行の「テフロン処理防塵固化材技術資料」付録−1)に準拠して行った。すなわち、
(1)図1に示す内径7.5cm、高さ10cmの円筒状の試料落下装置に、前記混合試料200gを入れ、ガラス板で蓋をした後、当該ガラス板が底面になるように反転させた。
(2)図1に示す内径39cm、高さ59cmの測定槽の頂部投入口(直径7.5cm)に前記試料落下装置を設置した後、ガラス板を引き抜いて前記混合試料を自然落下させ、底面から45cmの高さにある測定槽内の浮遊粉塵量(相対濃度CPM[Count Per Minute])を、散乱光式デジタル粉塵計(柴田科学社製 P−5L)を用いて測定した。
(3)混合試料の落下直後から1分間、前記測定槽内の浮遊粉塵量を1試料あたり5回連続して測定し、混合試料が落下する前の測定値(ダークカウント)を差し引いた値の幾何平均値(下記(1)式を用いて算出した値)を、当該混合試料の「落下発塵量」と定義した。
Logx = 1/5×Σlog(xi-d) ・・・(1)
ただし、(1)式中、xは落下発塵量、xiは測定回数がi回目の浮遊粉塵量の測定値、iは1〜5、dはダークカウントを表す。
落下発塵量の測定結果を表4と図2に示す。
ちなみに、テフロン処理防塵固化材協会発行の「テフロン処理防塵固化材技術資料」によれば、前記浮遊粉塵量と発塵の状態の関係は表5のとおりである。
2.2 Measurement Method Dust generation is measured using the Teflon-treated dust-proofing solidified material association's Teflon-treated dust-proofing solidified material dusting test method (“Teflon-treated dust-proofing solidified material technical data” Appendix-1). Made in accordance with That is,
(1) 200 g of the mixed sample is put into a cylindrical sample dropping device having an inner diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 10 cm shown in FIG. 1, and the glass plate is covered with a glass plate, and then inverted so that the glass plate becomes the bottom surface. It was.
(2) After the sample dropping device is installed at the top inlet (diameter 7.5 cm) of the measuring tank having an inner diameter of 39 cm and a height of 59 cm shown in FIG. 1, the glass plate is pulled out and the mixed sample is allowed to fall naturally. The amount of suspended dust (relative concentration CPM [Count Per Minute]) in the measuring tank at a height of 45 cm to 45 cm was measured using a scattered light digital dust meter (P-5L, manufactured by Shibata Kagaku Co., Ltd.).
(3) The amount of suspended dust in the measurement tank is continuously measured 5 times per sample for 1 minute immediately after dropping the mixed sample, and the value obtained by subtracting the measured value (dark count) before the mixed sample falls The geometric mean value (value calculated using the following formula (1)) was defined as the “falling dust generation amount” of the mixed sample.
Logx = 1/5 × Σlog (x i -d) (1)
However, in (1), x is falling dust amount, x i is the measured value of the number of measurements i-th airborne dust amount, i is 1 to 5, d represents a dark count.
The measurement results of the amount of falling dust are shown in Table 4 and FIG.
Incidentally, according to “Teflon-treated dust-proofing solidifying material technical data” published by the Teflon-treated dustproof-solidifying material association, the relationship between the amount of suspended dust and the state of dust generation is as shown in Table 5.

2.3 フライアッシュの発塵の抑制について
図2や表4に示すように、フライアッシュの発塵量は、石灰石微粉末の混合割合が25質量%以上では、石灰石微粉末による単なる希釈効果を示す基準線よりも少なくなり、該混合割合が40質量%付近で殆どほこりを感じない程度になった。
2.3 Suppression of fly ash dust generation As shown in Fig. 2 and Table 4, the amount of dust generated by fly ash has a simple dilution effect with fine limestone powder when the mixing ratio of fine limestone powder is 25 mass% or more. The amount was less than the indicated reference line, and the mixing ratio was such that almost no dust was felt around 40% by mass.

2.4 フライアッシュの物性について
石灰石微粉末の混合割合が30質量%である前記混合試料を、普通ポルトランドセメント100質量に対し30質量部添加して混合し、混合セメントAを作製した。また、比較のため、前記フライアッシュ(石灰石微粉末を含有しない。)を、普通ポルトランドセメント100質量に対し30質量部添加して混合し、混合セメントBを作製した。
次に、JIS R 5201「セメントの物理試験方法」に準拠して、前記混合セメントAおよび混合セメントBの凝結時間と、該セメントを用いて作製したモルタルの圧縮強さを測定したところ、表6に示すとおり、混合セメントAおよび混合セメントBの前記物性に差はなかった。
2.4 Physical Properties of Fly Ash 30 parts by mass of the mixed sample in which the mixing ratio of the limestone fine powder was 30% by mass was added to and mixed with 100 parts by mass of ordinary Portland cement to prepare mixed cement A. For comparison, 30 parts by mass of the fly ash (containing no limestone fine powder) was added to and mixed with 100 parts by mass of ordinary Portland cement to prepare a mixed cement B.
Next, according to JIS R 5201 “Cement physical test method”, the setting time of the mixed cement A and the mixed cement B and the compressive strength of the mortar produced using the cement were measured. As shown in Fig. 5, there was no difference in the physical properties of the mixed cement A and the mixed cement B.

したがって、本発明のフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法は、高価な有機系添加剤を使用しなくてもフライアッシュの発塵を大幅に抑制できるため、発塵抑制に係るコストが低い。また、本発明の方法により発塵を抑制したフライアッシュは、有機系添加剤に代えてセメント用混和材として一般的な石灰石微粉末のみが混合されているため、セメント用混和材として使用できる。   Therefore, the fly ash dust suppression method of the present invention can significantly suppress the fly ash dust generation without using an expensive organic additive, so the cost for dust suppression is low. In addition, the fly ash in which dust generation is suppressed by the method of the present invention can be used as an admixture for cement because only limestone fine powder common as an admixture for cement is mixed instead of the organic additive.

Claims (2)

フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末のみを混合することを特徴とする、フライアッシュの発塵抑制方法であって、
前記フライアッシュのブレーン比表面積が2000〜4000cm /gであり、
前記石灰石微粉末のブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm /gであって、
前記ブレーン比表面積が2000〜4000cm/gのフライアッシュおよび前記ブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm/gの石灰石微粉末の合計100質量%として、ブレーン比表面積が6000〜8000cm /gの石灰石微粉末の混合割合が25〜50質量%である、フライアッシュの発塵抑制方法。
A method for suppressing dust generation of fly ash, characterized by mixing only fly ash and fine limestone powder,
The fly ash has a brain specific surface area of 2000 to 4000 cm 2 / g,
The limestone fine powder has a Blaine specific surface area of 6000 to 8000 cm 2 / g,
100% by mass of the total of the powder limestone fine fly ash and the Blaine specific surface area of 6000~8000cm 2 / g of the Blaine specific surface area of 2000~4000cm 2 / g, the Blaine specific surface area of 6000~8000cm 2 / g Limestone The fly ash dust suppression method, wherein the mixing ratio of the fine powder is 25 to 50% by mass.
前記フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合が、フライアッシュと石灰石微粉末の混合物を出荷するまでの工程において行われる、請求項1に記載のフライアッシュの発塵抑制方法。
The method for suppressing dust generation of fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the mixing of the fly ash and the fine limestone powder is performed in a process until the mixture of the fly ash and the fine limestone powder is shipped.
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