JP6595135B1 - Construction method and system using pulse laser - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a technique that does not generate waste due to use of a consumable medium by a surface treatment method using pulsed laser irradiation. A construction method for removing material deposits by irradiating a pulse laser, wherein the laser device has a dust collection suction port and a hose, and (a) the laser device irradiates the pulse laser. Step S1, (b) Step S2 of peeling the absorption layer with a pulse laser irradiated by a laser device, (c) Step S3 of generating plasma around the irradiation region by a pulse laser irradiated by the laser device, ( d) Step S4 of sucking the absorbent layer from which the dust collection suction port has been peeled off. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method and system using a pulse laser.

  In order to use structures that are difficult to move, such as bridges, steel structures, buildings, and machinery and equipment, over a long period of time, a paint film applied to the surface of the base material is used to prevent corrosion. It is necessary to periodically remove, remove, and repaint. Conventionally, as a method of removing the coating film, there is a method by blasting such as sand blasting in which sand is sprayed to remove the coating film. Moreover, there are a method using a coating film release agent and a method using a machine tool. In the blasting method, a large amount of secondary waste is generated. This secondary waste is a mixture of dust from coatings containing harmful substances such as lead, hexavalent chromium, and PCB, and abrasives such as silica sand and garnet. Is also big.

Moreover, since the abrasive is blown with compressed air, there is a risk that even the base material under the coating layer may be damaged. In addition, there is a problem that a large noise is generated when the abrasive material collides. Any of the methods using the coating film release agent and the machine tool has a problem that the processing area per time is low and it is not efficient. In addition, each of them also has a problem that chemical waste is generated and noise is high.
Patent Document 1 discloses a method of removing a coating film with a laser processing apparatus in order to increase work efficiency and avoid danger.

  The laser processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes a lens that irradiates the surface of a processing object with laser light, a lens support mechanism that supports the lens and can adjust the height from the processing object surface to the lens, and laser irradiation. Gas ejecting means for blowing gas onto the portion. Further, it is described that the gas suction port arranged in the box-shaped container exhausts the gas in the box-shaped container and discharges the removed matter scattered from the laser irradiation portion.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-309899

  According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, the coating film on the surface of the processing object can be removed by laser ablation without using chemicals. Further, the removed matter scattered from the surface of the object to be processed can be recovered and discharged using the gas suction means.

  However, the laser irradiation head described in Patent Document 1 is supported by a manipulator arm and moved to a desired position. Therefore, it is difficult to use for an environment where a sufficient work space cannot be secured or a structure having a complicated shape. It is also difficult for the operator to carry around while carrying it.

  In addition, the processing method using a CW oscillation type laser may polish not only the target filth but also the mother body itself, and it is also a problem to eliminate damage to the mother body, scraped mother dust, and iron powder. It was.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing waste associated with use of a consumable medium by surface treatment by pulse laser irradiation. The consumable medium refers to the above-described coating film remover, abrasive, and the like.

  Of the inventions disclosed in the present application, the outline of typical ones will be briefly described as follows.

  A construction method using a pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present invention is a construction method for removing material deposits by irradiating a pulse laser, and the laser device has a dust collecting suction port and a hose. (A) The laser device has a step of irradiating a pulse laser. (B) It has the process of peeling an absorption layer with the pulse laser irradiated with a laser apparatus. (C) A step of generating plasma around the irradiation region by a pulse laser irradiated by a laser device. (D) sucking the absorbent layer from which the dust collection suction port has been peeled off.

Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, effects obtained by typical ones will be briefly described as follows.
According to the representative embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce waste associated with the use of a consumable medium.

It is a flowchart which shows an example of the whole step of the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied is irradiated. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that a raw material reflects the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that an absorption layer is heated by irradiation of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that an absorption layer peels by irradiation of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that a plasma generate | occur | produces and evaporates by irradiation of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode of attracting | sucking the plasma which generate | occur | produces by the irradiation of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the mode of the vehicle mounting cold insulation housing system which implement | achieves the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a mode that the cooling spray to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied is sprayed. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the line shape of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the circular shape of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the wave shape of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the cross | intersection shape which the both ends of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied are open. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the cross | intersection shape where the both ends of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the pulse laser of embodiment of this invention is applied were closed. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the square shape of the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser to which the construction method by the laser of embodiment of this invention is applied.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
<Method of irradiating pulsed laser>
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of overall steps of a construction method using a pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the construction method using the pulse laser shown in FIG. 1, first, the irradiation target is irradiated with the pulse laser (step S1 in FIG. 1).

  A specific method for irradiating the pulse laser in step S1 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG.

  The laser system of the present invention includes a scanner head 201, a dust collection suction port 202, a transmission tube 203, a hose 204, and a laser machine unit. The scanner head 201 includes a lens 205, a handle portion 206, and a changeover switch 210. Corresponding to the size, shape, etc. of the irradiation object, the dust collection suction port can change the length of the tube or can be attached to and detached from the scanner head 201.

  The lens 205 is provided at the tip of the scanner head 201. The lens 205 has a specific focal length. The lens 205 is selected according to the distance to the irradiation target, the shape of the irradiation target, and the like.

  When the focal length of the lens 205 matches the distance from the lens 205 to the irradiation target, the heating effect by the laser light irradiation is maximized. In addition, when the focal length of the lens 205 and the distance from the lens 205 to the irradiation target do not match, the heating effect by laser light irradiation is reduced.

  The focal length of the lens 205 is set to a distance that is approximately 15 mm from the prescribed focal length from the lower surface of the lens 205 to the irradiation target. For example, when the specified focal distance from the lower surface of the lens 205 to the irradiation target is 300 mm, the distance is set to be in focus when the distance from the lower surface of the lens 205 to the irradiation target is changed from 285 mm to 315 mm. Further, there is a suction port corresponding to each lens 205, and the lens 205 is replaced with a suction port corresponding to the lens 205 as the lens 205 is replaced. Due to the above characteristics, at a distance where the laser is out of focus, even when a human hand or the like is irradiated, damage is hardly caused.

  The transmission tube 203 is connected to the laser machine unit and the scanner head 201. The transmission pipe 203 includes a fiber cable, a water cooling pipe, a switch electric wire, and a compressor air pipe. Although not particularly limited, the total length of the transmission tube 203 can be extended up to 50 m. The fiber cable uses a fiber cable for laser transmission, and the total length can be extended up to 50m.

  The water cooling pipe supplies cooling water for cooling the handle 206 of the scanner head 201. The cooling method is performed by a chiller. The chiller provided in the laser machine unit is filled with coolant and distilled water.

  The switch wire supplies power from the generator to the power supply for the scanner head. As the generator, for example, a model having an output of 25 KVA or more and 380 V is selected. In the case of the 200V specification, the output of the generator is converted to 380V using a booster.

  The compressor air tube supplies air for removing dust, dust, and the like attached to the lens 205 included in the scanner head 201 to the scanner head 201 through the transmission tube 203. From a blower fan provided in the laser unit, for example, it is connected to a compressor of 2 kW or more and blows 0.7 MPa of air.

  The hose 204 is connected to the dust collector and the scanner head 201. The diameter of the hose 204 is φ50 mm or φ70 mm. The total length of the hose 204 can be extended up to 50 m.

  The laser machine unit includes a laser oscillator, a power control unit, a chiller, a blower fan, and the like. The laser machine unit may be of a type from 50 W to 3000 W, for example, depending on the average output. Among these, for example, when comparing two types of 500 W and 1000 W, the photochemical characteristics of the two pulse lasers have no significant difference in the following matters. For example, the center emission wavelength is typically 1064 nm. The emission bandwidths are all from 5 nm as standard to 10 nm at maximum. Both pulse durations are typically 100 ns. The pulse frequency is any minimum from 5 kHz to maximum 40 kHz.

  On the other hand, the maximum length of the fiber cable included in both units and the peak power of the laser light are different. For example, the maximum length of the fiber cable of a unit with an average power of 500 W is 20 m. The maximum length of the fiber cable of a unit with an average power of 1000 W is 50 m. The peak power of the laser beam of the unit with an average power of 500 W is 666 KW. The peak power of a unit with an average power of 1000 W is 1.22 MW.

  The laser oscillator oscillates a laser by a pulse method. The laser oscillator oscillates the laser output in a pulse shape, so that the thermal influence of the laser light on the irradiation target can be reduced as compared with the continuous oscillation CW. Further, when a fine processing is required, for example, depending on the shape of the irradiation target, the laser oscillator can avoid an excessive thermal influence that the laser light has on the irradiation target. Thereby, the user can improve the efficiency of irradiation work.

  As the type of laser, a solid laser is used. Solids have a higher density than liquids and gases, so the laser output per unit volume can be increased. By using a solid-state laser, a large output can be obtained even if it is small.

  A neodymium YAG laser is used as the laser medium. YAG is an abbreviation for Yttrium Aluminum Garnet. YAG is a garnet structure crystal composed of a complex oxide of yttrium and aluminum (Y3Al5O12).

  The neodymium YAG laser is obtained by using a crystal in which several percent (for example, 1% to 5%, etc.) of neodymium (Nd) is added in the process of manufacturing a YAG crystal. The center frequency of the neodymium YAG laser is 1064 nm.

  The laser excitation source is a semiconductor laser diode. By using semiconductor laser diode excitation, the laser oscillator can increase the oscillation efficiency of the laser compared to lamp excitation. Further, since the thermal distortion of the laser medium can be reduced, the laser oscillator can stabilize the oscillation output of the laser. Furthermore, since the life of the light source of the semiconductor laser diode is longer than that of lamp excitation and the downtime due to the maintenance of the oscillator is small, the user can easily perform the maintenance of the laser oscillator.

  The irradiation target of the laser shown in FIG. 2 is the material 209 and the absorption layer 208 attached to the material surface. Examples of the material include non-ferrous metals such as copper, cast iron, and aluminum, concrete surfaces, gypsum, and wood. Since these materials have high reflectance of laser light, it is difficult to absorb the laser light on the substrate. However, for organic materials such as wood, when a laser beam with a certain output is continuously irradiated for a certain time or longer, the laser beam is absorbed by the substrate.

  On the other hand, mirror surfaces, carbon, fabric, plastic, rubber, etc. are not suitable for the material. Of these materials, the mirror surface has a very high reflectivity of the laser beam, and therefore is highly likely to damage the reflection destination of the light. In addition, since other materials have low reflectance of laser light, the laser light is easily absorbed by the substrate.

Absorbing layers adhering to the surface of the material include impurities, old painted surfaces, and oxide layers. Since these have a high absorption rate of laser light, they easily absorb laser light and are heated to evaporate or peel off from the material surface.
<Method for peeling the absorbent layer>

Next, a method for peeling the absorption layer by pulse laser irradiation will be described. In the construction method using the pulse laser shown in FIG. 1, the absorption layer can be peeled off by irradiation with the pulse laser (step S2 in FIG. 1).
As a specific method of irradiating the pulse laser in step S2, first, the irradiation target is directly irradiated with the pulse laser.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the material 301 of the irradiation target reflects laser light. Examples of the material include non-ferrous metals and concrete as described above. Since these materials have high reflectance of laser light, it is difficult to absorb the laser light on the substrate.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the absorption layer 401 of the irradiation target absorbs laser light. As described above, the absorption layer includes, for example, impurities. Since the absorption layer has a high absorption rate of the laser beam, the absorption layer easily absorbs the laser beam and is heated. On the other hand, as described above, the material surface reflects the laser and is not heated. Further, a part 403 of the laser 303 reflected by the material surface irradiates the heated absorption layer 402. Thereby, absorption of the laser beam with respect to an absorption layer is accelerated | stimulated, and the absorption efficiency of a laser beam increases.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the absorption layer 501 of the irradiation target is peeled off by continuing laser irradiation. The peeled absorption layer 502 is continuously heated by continuous laser irradiation. Thereafter, due to the difference in thermal expansion between the absorbent layer and the material surface, the adhesive surface of both forms a wrinkle, and the absorbent layer 502 is peeled off from the material surface.
<Method of generating plasma around the repair area>

Next, a method for generating plasma around the repair region will be described. In the construction method using the pulse laser shown in FIG. 1, plasma can be generated around the repair region by irradiating the above-described pulse laser (step S3 in FIG. 1).
As a specific method for generating plasma around the repair region in step S3, first, the irradiation target is directly irradiated with a pulse laser.

  As described above, the material 301 of the irradiation target reflects the laser light. Among the irradiation objects, the absorption layer 401 absorbs laser light and is peeled off by heating. At this time, some of the absorption layers 502 that have been heated and peeled further absorb the reflected light 303 from the material. As a result, thermal energy is continuously applied to the absorption layer that has been fixed, so that dissolution occurs first and then vaporizes. The electrons are then stripped from the neutral atoms of the gas, producing an electrically neutral mixture of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons. This ionized gas is plasma. As shown in FIG. 6, the generated plasma 602 instantaneously diverges around the irradiation region and then evaporates.

  Further, of the peeled absorption layer 502, the remaining absorption layer that did not evaporate as the plasma 602 is sucked into the dust collection suction port by a method described later (step S4 in FIG. 1).

As the plasma evaporates, the metal ions of the material react with oxygen or oxide, and a stable oxide film 603 is formed on the surface of the material where the plasma is evaporated. Thereby, the raw material surface which performed the irradiation process has a rust prevention effect.
<Method of sucking the peeled absorption layer>

Next, a method for sucking the peeled absorption layer will be described. In the construction method using the pulse laser shown in FIG. 1, the separated absorption layer can be sucked by sucking the dust collecting suction port (step S4 in FIG. 1).
As a specific method of sucking the peeled absorption layer in step S4, first, the irradiation target is directly irradiated with a pulse laser.

  As described above, the peeled absorption layer 502 and the plasma 602 whose part has changed are generated around the irradiation region. As shown in FIG. 7, the dust collection suction port 703 attached to the scanner head sucks the absorption layer 702 that has not changed to the plasma 602 out of the peeled absorption layer 502. Thereafter, the absorption layer 702 sucked into the dust collection suction port is sent to the dust collector 804 along the hose 704. Note that the dust collection suction port also sucks substances such as dust other than the absorption layer 702.

Further, the motor output of the dust collector 804 is, for example, 4.0 KW, and the maximum air volume is 10 m ³ / min. Further, the capacity of the dust collection tank is 50L, and the rated power supply can be 3 phase 200V-15.0A. The dust collection tank is a cyclone type, a two-stage cartridge filter type, and a HEPA filter specification. The HEPA filter specification is an air filter having a particle repair rate of 99.97% or more and a performance of an initial pressure loss of 245 Pa or less with respect to particles having a rated air volume and a particle size of 0.3 μm. Thereby, it can suppress that a harmful substance disperses.
<Vehicle refrigerated housing system>

  As shown in FIG. 8, an example of a vehicle-mounted cold insulation housing system that implements the pulse laser construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a scanner head 801, a dust collection suction port 802, a hose 803, and a dust collector 804. , A laser unit 805, a transmission tube 806, a power cable 807, a generator 808, a cooling air conditioner 809, and a vehicle 810.

  The transmission tube 806 connects the scanner head 801 and the laser machine unit 805. The hose 803 connects the dust collection suction port 802 and the dust collector 804. The power cable 807 connects the generator 808 with the laser machine unit 805 and the dust collector 804.

The cooling air conditioner 809 cools the system space in order to keep the air temperature in the housing system according to the present invention constant in a state close to room temperature. In addition, the cooling air conditioner removes indoor humidity and maintains a constant dry state. Thereby, the electronic device of a laser machine can be prevented from the bad influence by corrosion and oxidation. In addition, the user can perform laser work without being limited by the season or outside temperature.
Although the vehicle 810 is not particularly limited, the vehicle 810 may be a truck having a loading platform that can be accommodated by the system.

This makes it possible to perform manual and portable laser irradiation using a fiber cable transmission system. In addition, objects that are generally unsuitable for fixed large-sized lasers, such as heavy-weight materials that are generally impossible to transport or difficult to transport, target materials that are fixed outdoors, or complex shape materials, can be freely used. Surface treatment is possible. In addition, using a high-power laser that can be mounted on a vehicle or a small laser that can be carried by manpower, you can work anywhere.
<Method of spraying cooling spray on material>
Next, a construction method for controlling the rise in the heat of the mother due to the laser by simultaneously injecting a cooling spray onto the material will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 9, first, the scanner head 903 irradiates the material 906 and the absorption layer 905 with a pulsed laser 904. At this time, the cooling spray injector 901 directly injects the cooling spray 902 onto the material or the like. As a cooling medium contained in the cooling spray, carbon dioxide gas, LP gas, nitrogen gas, or helium gas can be used. Among these, for example, carbon dioxide gas can cool the periphery of the irradiation target to about minus 80 ° C. Thereby, the laser machine can suppress the heating of the material to be irradiated, and can reduce damage to the material.
<Pulse laser irradiation pattern>
Next, the irradiation pattern of the pulse laser shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 will be described below.

  When irradiating a pulse laser, an irradiation pattern can be selected. The power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change the shape of the laser beam to one of the following six types by changing the program of the irradiation pattern. This irradiation pattern includes a line shape (FIG. 10), a circular shape (FIG. 11), a wave shape (FIG. 12), a cross shape with both ends open (FIG. 13), a cross shape with both ends closed (FIG. 14), and a square shape. There are six types (FIG. 15). The irradiation pattern also includes a shape that fills the inside of a circular or quadrangular figure. By changing the irradiation pattern according to the size and shape of the irradiation target, the user can efficiently irradiate the laser.

  Note that the user can select or switch between six types of irradiation patterns by operating the changeover switch 210 provided in the scanner head 201. Accordingly, the user can easily select or switch the irradiation pattern at hand, and can efficiently irradiate the laser.

Moreover, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change the output power of the laser light between 10% and 100%. Thereby, the irradiation intensity | strength of a laser can be changed corresponding to the contamination degree, shape, etc. of irradiation object, and a user can irradiate a laser efficiently.
The power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can preset the selected irradiation pattern and output power of the laser beam by a computer.
Hereinafter, each of the five types of irradiation patterns will be described.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of the irradiation pattern of the line shape 1001. For example, the laser can irradiate a rectangular region having one side of the line width of the linear shape by linearly moving the irradiation portion of the linear shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the linear shape. Note that the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change whether the direction of the shape of the laser beam is a horizontal line or a vertical line by setting the program. Accordingly, the laser can select whether the direction of the linear shape is vertical or horizontal according to the size or shape of the irradiation target, and can be irradiated efficiently.

  Moreover, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change the line width of the line shape. Reference numeral 1002 indicates a narrow width. Reference numeral 1003 indicates a standard width. Reference numeral 1004 indicates a thick width. Thereby, an irradiation area | region can be changed corresponding to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object, and a user can irradiate a laser efficiently.

  FIG. 11 shows an example of a circular 1101 irradiation pattern. The laser can irradiate, for example, a rectangular shape having one side with a circular diameter and a semi-circle added to both ends by linearly moving a circular irradiation portion. Further, as indicated by a circular shape 1105, the laser light can be irradiated so as to fill the circular shape.

  Moreover, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change the circular diameter. Reference numeral 1102 indicates a thin diameter. Reference numeral 1103 indicates a standard diameter. Reference numeral 1104 indicates a thick diameter. Thereby, the user can change an irradiation area | region according to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object. Further, when it is appropriate to irradiate with a circular laser beam, for example, when the irradiation target is curved, the user can efficiently irradiate the laser.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the irradiation pattern of the waveform 1201. For example, the laser can irradiate a rectangular region having a waveform width as one side by linearly moving a waveform irradiation portion. Note that the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change whether the direction of the shape of the laser beam is a horizontal line or a vertical line by setting the program. As a result, the laser can select whether the direction of the wave shape is vertical or horizontal according to the size, shape, etc. of the irradiation target, and can be irradiated efficiently.

  Moreover, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change the waveform width. Reference numeral 1002 indicates a narrow width. Reference numeral 1003 indicates a standard width. Reference numeral 1004 indicates a thick width. Thereby, an irradiation area | region can be changed corresponding to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object, and a user can irradiate a laser efficiently.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of an irradiation pattern of an intersection shape 1301 with both ends open. Laser, for example, by moving the irradiated part linearly in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the central axis of the intersecting shape, the rectangle with the central axis width of the intersecting shape as one side and the triangle corresponding to the intersecting shape were reduced from both ends. A region (see FIG. 13) can be irradiated. The power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change whether the direction of the central axis of the cross shape of the laser light is horizontal or vertical depending on the program setting. Thereby, according to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object, it can select whether the direction of the cross shape which both ends opened is vertical or horizontal, and a user can irradiate a laser efficiently.

  In addition, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change the center axis width of the intersecting shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 1302 indicates a narrow width. Reference numeral 1303 indicates a standard width. Reference numeral 1304 indicates a thick width. Thereby, the user can change an irradiation area | region according to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object. In addition, when it is appropriate to irradiate with cross-shaped laser light with both ends open, for example, when the irradiation target has a cross-shaped with both ends open, the user can efficiently irradiate the laser.

  FIG. 14 shows an example of an irradiation pattern of a cross shape 1401 with both ends closed. Laser, for example, by moving the irradiated part linearly in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the central axis of the intersecting shape, the rectangle with the central axis width of the intersecting shape as one side and the triangle corresponding to the intersecting shape were reduced from both ends. A region (see FIG. 14) can be irradiated. The power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can change whether the direction of the central axis of the cross shape of the laser light is horizontal or vertical depending on the program setting. Thereby, according to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object, it can select whether the direction of the cross shape which both ends closed is made into length or width, and a user can irradiate a laser efficiently.

  In addition, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change the center axis width of the intersecting shape with both ends closed. Reference numeral 1402 indicates a narrow width. Reference numeral 1403 indicates a standard width. Reference numeral 1404 indicates a thick width. Thereby, an irradiation area | region can be changed corresponding to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object. In addition, when it is appropriate to irradiate with a laser beam having a cross shape with both ends closed, for example, when the irradiation target has a cross shape with both ends closed, the user can irradiate the laser efficiently.

  FIG. 15 shows an example of a rectangular 1501 irradiation pattern. For example, the laser can irradiate a rectangular region having one side of the quadrangle as one side by moving a quadrangular irradiation part linearly. Further, as indicated by a rectangular shape 1505, the laser light can be irradiated so as to fill the inside of the rectangular shape.

  In addition, the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit can freely set and change one side of the square shape. Reference numeral 1502 indicates a narrow width. Reference numeral 1503 indicates a standard width. Reference numeral 1504 indicates a thick width. Thereby, the user can change an irradiation area | region according to the magnitude | size, shape, etc. of irradiation object.

  The above-described six types of irradiation patterns and settings such as irradiation width and output power can be preset in the computer memory of the power control unit provided in the laser machine unit. Thereby, at the time of laser irradiation, the user can easily select a laser irradiation pattern or the like corresponding to the size or shape of the irradiation target, and the efficiency of irradiation work can be increased.

In addition, the user can remove only the target filth by limiting the influence on the mother body by working with a pulse laser that can adjust the output power and energy and can change the irradiation pattern and directionality. Furthermore, since it can respond flexibly to each target filth and material, the user can work on a wide range of target materials.
<Effects of the present embodiment>

  According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, it is possible to reduce waste associated with the use of consumable media. Moreover, the surface treatment by pulse laser irradiation can efficiently recover the peeled target filth, and reduce the burden on the human body and the environment to the installer and the surrounding area. The consumable medium refers to the above-described coating film release agent, abrasive, deposit removal method, concomitant consumable medium, water by high pressure cleaning, cleaning agent, and the like. Further, the dust after the target filth is removed is transferred from the dust collection suction port mounted on the scanner head to the dust collector, and the generation of substances that adversely affect the environment and the human body can be reduced.

  In addition, as examples of construction, pre-treatment for welding, pre-treatment for bonding parts, removal of oxides for contact, elimination of bacteria, and deposition of base treatment on deposits of metal or ceramic materials Pretreatment for molds, mold kelen, stone maintenance kelen, cleaning of food production line production machines, etc., rust or paint peeling, rotary roller cleaning, radioactive material laser attached to the material It is possible to perform peeling and dust collection.

Moreover, after irradiating a pulse laser and performing surface treatment, the construction which forms the anchor pattern by the blasting method for improving the adhesiveness of coating or coating can be performed.
As a result, the production and exposure of consumable abrasives and harmful substances can be reduced compared to conventional blasting methods alone.

  As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say.

  Further, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. For example, part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. . Moreover, you may add, delete, and replace another structure about a part of structure of each embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 201 Scanner head 202 Dust collection suction port 203 Transmission pipe 204 Hose 205 Lens 206 Scanner head handle part 207 Laser beam 208 Absorption layer 209 Material 210 Changeover switch 303 Reflection light 402 Absorption layer is heated 502 Absorption layer is peeled off Appearance 602 Appearance of plasma evaporation 702 Appearance of absorbing layer 801 Scanner head 901 Cooling spray injector 1001 Linear shape of laser light.

Claims (7)

It is a construction method that removes material deposits by irradiating a pulse laser,
The laser device has a scanner head provided with a lens at the tip, and a dust collection suction port attached to and detached from the scanner head,
(A) a laser device irradiating a pulse laser;
(B) a step of peeling the absorption layer with a pulse laser irradiated by a laser device;
(C) generating a plasma around the irradiation region by a pulse laser irradiated by a laser device;
(D) sucking the absorbent layer from which the dust collection suction port has been peeled off;
Including
The lens has a first distance that is a specific focal length, and is selected according to the distance to the irradiation target, the shape of the irradiation target, and the like.
The second distance from the lens to the irradiation object is such that when the distance from the lower surface of the lens to the lower surface of the dust collecting suction port is within a range of about 15 mm from the first distance, the focal point is Set to fit,
With the replacement of the lens, the dust collection suction port is selected such that the second distance from the lower surface of the lens to the lower surface of the dust collection suction port is within the range of about 15 mm of the first distance. ,
Construction method. In the construction method according to claim 1,
The laser device is a construction method that is a small laser that can be carried by a fiber cable transmission type and a large laser that can be mounted on a vehicle and moved. In the construction method according to claim 1,
The laser apparatus is a construction method in which the output power, irradiation pattern, and irradiation width of a laser are adjusted. In the construction method according to claim 1,
The construction method which controls the raise of the heat | fever of the raw material by a laser by spraying a cooling spray to a raw material with irradiation of the said pulse laser. In the construction method according to claim 1,
A construction method in which a laser device, a dust collector having the dust collection suction port, and a set of devices linked to the laser device and a generator for supplying power to the dust collector are combined into one system. A vehicle-mounted cold insulation housing system that removes material deposits by irradiating a pulsed laser,
A laser device that peels the adsorption layer of the material by irradiating a pulsed laser and generates plasma around the irradiation region, a dust collector having a dust collection suction port for sucking the peeled absorption layer, the laser device, and the possess a generator supplying power, to the dust collector,
The laser device has a scanner head provided with a lens at the tip, and a dust collecting suction port to be attached to and detached from the scanner head,
The lens has a first distance that is a specific focal length, and is selected according to the distance to the irradiation target, the shape of the irradiation target, and the like.
The second distance from the lens to the irradiation object is such that when the distance from the lower surface of the lens to the lower surface of the dust collecting suction port is within a range of about 15 mm from the first distance, the focal point is Set to fit,
With the replacement of the lens, the dust collection suction port is selected such that the second distance from the lower surface of the lens to the lower surface of the dust collection suction port is within the range of about 15 mm of the first distance. ,
In-vehicle cold housing system. In the construction method according to claim 1,
A construction method in which an anchor pattern is formed by blasting to improve the adhesion of paint and coating after irradiating a pulsed laser and performing surface treatment.