JP6583676B2 - Solid oxide fuel cell device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell device, and more particularly to a solid oxide fuel cell device that generates electric power by a reaction between a fuel gas obtained by reforming a raw material gas and air.

  A solid oxide fuel cell device (hereinafter also referred to as “SOFC”) uses an oxide ion conductive solid electrolyte as an electrolyte, has electrodes attached to both sides thereof, and supplies fuel gas to one side. The fuel cell operates at a relatively high temperature by supplying an oxidant gas (air, oxygen, etc.) to the other side.

  Conventionally, in a solid oxide fuel cell device, the temperature of an oxidizing gas (air) is raised by using the heat of exhaust gas generated by burning off-gas that has not been used for power generation. Supplying to a fuel cell is performed. As a configuration for performing heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the oxidizing gas, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust passage for exhausting exhaust gas from the storage chamber outside the storage chamber that stores the cell stack. An apparatus is disclosed which is formed and further has an air passage formed outside thereof for supplying an oxidizing gas into the housing chamber. According to such an apparatus, since the exhaust passage and the air passage are provided adjacent to each other, heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage and the power generation air passing through the air passage, There is no need to provide a separate heat exchanger.

JP 2012-221659 A

  Here, when heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage and the power generation air in the air passage, the high-temperature exhaust gas rises to the upper portion of the exhaust passage, so the low-temperature power generation air Is preferably supplied toward the ceiling surface and heat exchange is performed on the ceiling surface. Therefore, the applicants of the present application form the exhaust passage upward along the inner surface of the side wall of the module case and toward the center of the device along the top plate, and the air passage from the center of the top plate of the module case. A solid oxide fuel cell device is proposed which is formed so as to face outward along the plate and downward toward the side wall.

  Here, in order to manufacture the solid oxide fuel cell for general consumers (household use), it is necessary to reduce the size while ensuring the performance. In the case of downsizing the module case, it is preferable that the air passage is formed into a thin surface along the outer surface of the module case. Then, when the air passage is formed into a planar shape in this way, it is considered that the air supplied from the air supply port to the air passage is blown from the orthogonal direction to the top surface of the module case. It is done.

  However, even if air is blown from the direction orthogonal to the top surface of the module case in this way, the shape of the module case is not circular, so the distance from the air supply port to the heat exchange part is not constant, The air flowing into the heat exchange part will be uneven. In addition, when the air passage is formed into a planar shape, the pressure in the air passage becomes high, the power generation air does not reach the position far from the air supply port, and the air flowing into the heat exchanging portion becomes uneven. End up.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell configured so that air supplied from an air supply port spreads uniformly in an air passage. .

The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell device, which includes a plurality of fuel cells that generate power by a reaction between power generation air and fuel gas obtained by steam reforming, and a plurality of fuel cells. A module container, a combustion unit that is provided above the plurality of fuel cells in the module container and that generates exhaust gas by burning fuel gas that has not contributed to power generation of the plurality of fuel cells, and above the combustion unit A reformer that steam-reforms the raw material gas to generate fuel gas, and is formed along the inner wall of at least one surface of the module container, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas to the outside of the module container An exhaust gas passage for guiding exhaust gas generated in the combustion section, an air supply pipe for supplying power generation air from the outside of the module container through an air supply port, and an outer wall of at least one surface of the module container An air passage to which power generation air supplied from an air supply pipe is supplied. At least one surface of the module container has exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passage and power generation air in the air passage. The air supply pipe is provided so that the air supply port faces the outer wall, and air for power generation blown from the air supply port to the outer wall is An air distribution mechanism that distributes the air passage so as to spread over the entire passage , and the air distribution mechanism includes an outer surface, an opposite surface, and an air distribution member that includes an opposing surface facing the outer wall and a side surface connecting the opposing surface and the outer wall. It has an air distribution chamber that is surrounded by side surfaces and formed inside the air passage. The power generation air is supplied from the air supply port to the air distribution chamber, and a plurality of openings are formed on the side surfaces of the air distribution chamber. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention having the above configuration, since the power generation air is supplied toward the outer wall from the air supply port provided so as to face the outer wall, the supplied power generation air is uniformly diffused along the outer wall. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the air distribution mechanism is provided, the power generation air is distributed to the entire air passage and spreads uniformly regardless of the shape of the module container. Thereby, more efficient heat exchange becomes possible, and temperature unevenness is eliminated in the power generation air.

  According to the present invention configured as described above, when power generation air is supplied from the air supply port into the air distribution chamber, the air distribution chamber is in a high pressure state, and the power generation air is pushed out toward the air passage due to the pressure difference. Furthermore, since this air distribution chamber functions as a buffer, it is possible to supply power generation air more uniformly to the air passage. Further, according to the present invention, since the air distribution member having the opposing surface and the side surface is provided, the air distribution chamber and the plurality of air distribution chambers are provided in comparison with the case where the air distribution chamber is formed by providing the wall surface in the air passage. Variations in the size and shape of the openings can be prevented.

In the present invention, preferably, the opening area of the plurality of openings is larger as the opening is farther from the air supply port.
According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the power generation air can be evenly supplied to the air passage regardless of the size, shape, and position of the outer wall of the module container, the air distribution chamber, and the air supply port.

In the present invention, preferably, the exhaust gas passage is formed along the inner wall of the top surface of the module container, the air passage is formed along the outer wall of the top surface of the module container, and the plurality of openings are formed on the air distribution member. It is formed on the side of the outer wall.
If the power generation air blown on the top surface of the module container rises in the air distribution chamber, it may flow in the upper part of the air passage, which may reduce the heat exchange efficiency. On the other hand, according to the present invention having the above configuration, by forming the opening from the outer wall, the power generation air discharged from the air distribution chamber flows along the outer wall, improving the heat exchange efficiency. can do.

In the present invention, preferably, a heat transfer plate that divides the air passage into an upper space and a lower space is provided on the downstream side of the air distribution chamber in the air passage, and the plurality of openings are more than the heat transfer plate. It is formed below.
According to the present invention having the above configuration, since the opening of the air distribution member is located below the heat transfer plate that divides the air passage into the upper space and the lower space, the power generation air passing through the opening is transferred to the heat transfer plate. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by flowing along the outer wall on the lower side of.

In the present invention, preferably, the heat transfer plate includes a first passage hole through which power generation air passes from the upper space to the lower space, and a second passage hole through which power generation air passes from the lower space to the upper space. Are alternately arranged with respect to the flow direction of the power generation air, and the through hole located closest to the opening is the first passage hole.
In order to increase the heat exchange efficiency, it is desirable to lengthen the heat exchange time. On the other hand, according to the present invention having the above configuration, since the first passage holes and the second passage holes are alternately arranged, the air for power generation flows while meandering, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Can be improved. Furthermore, according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to prevent the air that has flowed out of the opening from immediately passing through the second passage hole and escaping upward, thereby further improving heat exchange efficiency.

In the present invention, preferably, the outlet of the air passage and the inlet of the exhaust gas passage are provided at one end and the other end facing each other in a top view of the air passage, and the air supply port and the discharge port are one side. It is provided in the vicinity of the center between one end and the other end.
According to the present invention, by providing the air distribution chamber, the air supply port and the discharge port can be arranged near the center of the container top surface. According to the present invention configured as described above, the air for power generation flows from the air supply port toward one and the other ends in the air passage, and flows from the one and other ends toward the discharge port in the exhaust gas passage. For this reason, a counter flow can be formed by the air passage and the exhaust gas passage, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the solid oxide fuel cell comprised so that the air supplied from the air supply port may spread uniformly in an air path is provided.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus (SOFC) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the fuel cell module of the solid oxide fuel cell apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2. It is a disassembled perspective view of a module case and an air passage cover. It is a perspective view which shows the upper part of the fuel cell module of the state which removed the air path cover. It is a vertical sectional view which expands and shows the opening vicinity of an air distribution member. It is a perspective view which shows the plate fin provided in the air path along the top plate of a module case. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing a fuel cell unit of a solid oxide fuel cell device by one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a fuel cell module of a solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention, similar to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, similar to FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing the vicinity of an opening of an air distribution member similar to FIG. 7. It is a horizontal sectional view in the height of the air passage of the fuel cell module of a solid oxide form fuel cell device. It is a horizontal sectional view in the height of the 1st exhaust passage of the fuel cell module of a solid oxide form fuel cell device. It is a perspective view which shows the upper part of the fuel cell module of the state which removed the air path cover in the solid oxide fuel cell apparatus of another embodiment of this invention.

  Next, a solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus (SOFC) according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a solid oxide fuel cell apparatus (SOFC) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel cell module 2 and an auxiliary unit 4.

  The fuel cell module 2 includes a housing 6, and a metal module case 8 is built in the housing 6 via a heat insulating material 7. In the power generation chamber 10, which is the lower part of the module case 8, which is a sealed space, a fuel cell that performs a power generation reaction with fuel gas and oxidant gas (hereinafter referred to as “power generation air” or “air” as appropriate). A cell assembly 12 is accommodated. The fuel cell assembly 12 includes a plurality of fuel cell units 16 (see FIG. 6) connected in series. In this example, the fuel cell assembly 12 has 128 fuel cell units 16.

  A combustion chamber 18 as a combustion section is formed above the power generation chamber 10 of the module case 8 of the fuel cell module 2. In this combustion chamber 18, the remainder that was not used for the power generation reaction (which did not contribute to power generation) The fuel gas and the remaining air are combusted to generate exhaust gas (in other words, combustion gas). Further, the module case 8 is covered with the heat insulating material 7 to suppress the heat inside the fuel cell module 2 from being diffused to the outside air. Further, a reformer 120 for reforming the fuel gas is disposed above the combustion chamber 18, and the reformer 120 is heated to a temperature at which a reforming reaction can be performed by the combustion heat of the residual gas. Yes.

  Further, an evaporator 140 is provided in the heat insulating material 7 above the module case 8 in the housing 6. The evaporator 140 performs heat exchange between the supplied water and the exhaust gas, thereby evaporating the water to generate water vapor, and a mixed gas (hereinafter referred to as “fuel gas”) of the water vapor and the raw fuel gas. Is supplied to the reformer 120 in the module case 8.

  Next, the auxiliary unit 4 stores pure water tank 26 that stores water condensed from moisture contained in the exhaust from the fuel cell module 2 and makes it pure water with a filter, and water supplied from the water storage tank. Is provided with a water flow rate adjusting unit 28 (such as a “water pump” driven by a motor). The auxiliary unit 4 includes a gas shutoff valve 32 that shuts off the fuel supplied from the fuel supply source 30 that is a reduction in the supply of raw material gas such as city gas, and a desulfurizer 36 that removes sulfur from the fuel gas. A fuel flow rate adjusting unit 38 (such as a “fuel pump” driven by a motor) for adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas, and a valve 39 for shutting off the fuel gas flowing out from the fuel flow rate adjusting unit 38 when the power is lost. Yes. Further, the auxiliary unit 4 includes an electromagnetic valve 42 that shuts off the air supplied from the air supply source 40, a reforming air flow rate adjusting unit 44 that adjusts the air flow rate, and a power generation air flow rate adjusting unit 45 (with a motor). Driven "air blower", etc., a first heater 46 for heating the reforming air supplied to the reformer 120, and a second heater 48 for heating the power generating air supplied to the power generation chamber. I have. The first heater 46 and the second heater 48 are provided in order to efficiently raise the temperature at startup, but may be omitted.

  In this embodiment, the partial oxidation reforming reaction (POX) and the steam reforming reaction (SR) are performed from the POX process in which only the partial oxidation reforming reaction (POX) occurs in the reformer 120 when the apparatus is started. The SR process in which only the steam reforming reaction is performed may be performed through the ATR process in which the mixed autothermal reforming reaction (ATR) occurs, or the POX process may be omitted and the ATR process may be changed to the SR process. You may comprise so that it may transfer, and it may comprise so that a POX process and an ATR process may be abbreviate | omitted and only an SR process may be performed. In the configuration in which only the SR step is performed, the reforming air flow rate adjustment unit 44 is unnecessary.

  Next, a hot water production apparatus 50 to which exhaust gas is supplied is connected to the fuel cell module 2. The hot water production apparatus 50 is supplied with tap water from the water supply source 24, and the tap water is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas and supplied to a hot water storage tank of an external hot water heater (not shown). The fuel cell module 2 is provided with a control box 52 for controlling the amount of fuel gas supplied and the like. Furthermore, the fuel cell module 2 is connected to an inverter 54 that is a power extraction unit (power conversion unit) for supplying the power generated by the fuel cell module to the outside.

  Next, the structure of the fuel cell module of the solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 is a side sectional view showing a fuel cell module of a solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the module case and the air passage cover, and FIG. 6 is a fuel cell module with the air passage cover removed. It is a perspective view which shows the upper part.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fuel cell module 2 includes a fuel cell assembly 12 and a reformer 120 provided inside a module case 8 covered with a heat insulating material 7, and the module case 8. And an evaporator 140 provided in the heat insulating material 7.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5, the module case 8 includes a substantially rectangular top plate 8a, bottom plate 8c, and a pair of opposing side plates 8b that connect the sides extending in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2). A cylindrical body and a closed side plate that closes two opposing openings at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body and connects the sides extending in the width direction of the top plate 8a and the bottom plate 8c (left and right direction in FIG. 3) 8d and 8e.

  The module case 8 has a top plate 8 a and side plates 8 b covered with an air passage cover 160. The air passage cover 160 includes a top plate 160a and a pair of opposing side plates 160b. An opening 167 for passing through the exhaust pipe 171 and an opening 160c for passing through the power generation air introduction pipe 74 are provided at a substantially central portion of the top plate 160a. The top plate 160a and the top plate 8a and the side plate 160b and the side plate 8b are separated by a predetermined distance. Thereby, between the outside of the module case 8 and the heat insulating material 7, specifically, between the top plate 8a and the side plate 8b of the module case 8, and between the top plate 160a and the side plate 160b of the air passage cover 160, Air passages 161a and 161b as oxidant gas supply passages are formed along the outer surfaces of the plate 160a and the side plates 160b (see FIG. 3).

  An air distribution member 180 is disposed in the air passage 161a. The air distribution member 180 is horizontally outward from a top plate 180A having a rectangular shape in plan view, a pair of side wall portions 180B extending downward from both edge portions of the top plate 180A, and a lower edge of the pair of side wall portions 180B. And a base portion 180 </ b> C extending in the direction. The top plate 180A has an exhaust pipe opening 180a at a position corresponding to the exhaust pipe 171 and an introduction opening 180b to which the power generation air introduction pipe 74 is connected at the center in the width direction.

  A plurality of openings 180c are formed at predetermined intervals in each side wall portion 180B. The opening areas of the openings 180c are different from each other. The closer to the introduction opening 180b connected to the air supply port of the power generation air introduction pipe 74, the smaller the opening area, and the farther from the introduction opening 180b, the larger the opening area. Yes. Moreover, as will be described in detail later, the plurality of openings 180c are formed at positions lower than the main body 200 (FIG. 7) of the plate fin 162.

  The air distribution member 180 is disposed such that the base portion 180 </ b> C contacts the top surface of the top plate 8 a of the module case 8 with the exhaust pipe 171 inserted through the exhaust pipe opening 180 a. The air distribution member 180 is arranged such that the pair of side wall portions 180B are positioned on the side of the pair of side plates 8b of the module case 8 and the opening 180c opens toward the side plate 8b of the module case 8. . Thereby, the top plate 8a of the module case 8, the top plate 180A of the air distribution member 180 facing the top plate 8a, and the pair of side wall portions 180B of the air distribution member 180 connecting the top plate 180A and the top plate 8a An air distribution chamber 182 surrounded by is defined. The air supply port of the power generation air introduction pipe 74 is connected to the introduction opening 180b formed in the top plate 180A of the air distribution member 180. The power generation air introduction pipe 74 extends from the second heater 48, and the end of the power generation air introduction pipe 74 extends in the vertical direction so that the air supply port faces the top plate 8a.

At the lower part of the side plate 8b of the module case 8, air outlets 8f that are a plurality of through holes are provided (see FIG. 5). The power generation air supplied from the power generation air introduction pipe 74 to the introduction opening 180 b is introduced into the air distribution chamber 182 surrounded by the top plate 8 a and the air distribution member 180. As will be described in detail later, the air distribution chamber 182 distributes the introduced power generation air to the air passage 161a through the plurality of openings 180c so as to spread over the entire air passage 161a. In other words, the air distribution chamber 182 functions as an air distribution mechanism that distributes the power generation air so as to spread over the entire air passage 161a.
Then, the power generation air is injected into the power generation chamber 10 from the blowout port 8f toward the fuel cell assembly 12 through the air passages 161a and 161b along the outer walls of the top plate 8a and the side plate 8b of the module case 8. (See FIGS. 3 and 4).

  In addition, the air passages 161a and 161b have heat exchange promoting members that promote heat exchange between the exhaust gas in the first and second exhaust passages 172a and 172b and the air in the air passages 161a and 161b. Plate fins 162 and 163 are provided (see FIG. 3). The plate fins 162 are provided in the horizontal direction so as to extend in the longitudinal direction and the width direction between the top plate 8 a of the module case 8 and the top plate 160 a of the air passage cover 160. That is, the plate fin 162 is provided in a portion corresponding to a later-described first exhaust passage 172a in the air passage 161a. Further, the plate fin 163 extends between the side plate 8b of the module case 8 and the side plate 160b of the air passage cover 160 and extends above the fuel cell unit 16 in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction. Is provided. That is, the plate fins 163 are provided in portions corresponding to a second exhaust passage 172b and an exhaust concentration portion 176, which will be described later, in the air passage 161b.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing the vicinity of the opening of the air distribution member. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing plate fins provided in an air passage along the top plate of the module case. The plate fin 163 provided in the air passage 161b along the side plate 8b of the module case 8 and the plate fins 175a and 175b provided in the first exhaust passage 172a and the second exhaust passage 172b are also provided in the air passage 161a. The configuration is the same as that of the plate fin 162.

  The plate fin 162 is manufactured by processing one metal plate. The plate fin 162 includes a plate-like main body 200, a first protrusion 204 that protrudes downward, and a second protrusion 202 that protrudes upward.

  Each of the first protrusions 204 includes a pair of inclined portions 204a extending obliquely downward and a connecting portion 204b connecting the lower ends of the pair of inclined portions 204a. And the 1st passage hole 204c is formed in the position which hits the upper part of the 1st protrusion part 204 of the main-body part 200. As shown in FIG. Since the first protrusion 204 is formed below the first passage hole 204c, the flow of air through the first passage hole 204c from the space below the plate fin 162 to the space above is prevented. The air flow through the first passage hole 204c is caused from the space above the plate fin 162 to the space below.

  Each of the second projecting portions 202 includes a pair of inclined portions 202a extending obliquely upward and a connecting portion 202b connecting the upper ends of the pair of inclined portions 202a. A second passage hole 202 c is formed at a position corresponding to the lower side of the second protrusion 202 of the main body 200. Since the second protrusion 202 is formed above the second passage hole 202c, the flow of air through the second passage hole 202c from the space above the plate fin 162 to the space below is obstructed, and the plate An air flow through the second passage hole 202c is caused from the space below the fin 162 to the space above.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the upstream end portion of the plate fin 162 is in contact with the side wall portion 180 </ b> B of the air distribution member 180. Further, the opening 180c of the air distribution member 180 is formed in a portion below the position where the plate fin 162 of the side wall portion 180B contacts. The plate fins 162 are arranged such that the first protrusions 204 and the second protrusions 202 are alternately arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the air passage 161a. Further, the passage hole located closest to the opening 180 c (the most upstream side) is a first passage hole 204 c corresponding to the first protrusion 204.

  The power generation air flowing through the air passages 161a and 161b is inside the module case 8 inside the plate fins 162 and 163 (specifically along the top plate 8a and the side plate 8b), particularly when passing through the plate fins 162 and 163. Heat exchange is performed with the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage). For this reason, the portions where the plate fins 162 and 163 are provided in the air passages 161a and 161b function as a heat exchanger (heat exchange section). The portion provided with the plate fins 162 constitutes a main heat exchanger portion, and the portion provided with the plate fins 163 constitutes a subordinate heat exchanger portion.

  Next, the evaporator 140 is fixed on the top plate 8a of the module case 8 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. Further, a portion 7a of the heat insulating material 7 is disposed between the evaporator 140 and the module case 8 so as to fill these gaps (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Specifically, the evaporator 140 includes a fuel supply pipe 63 that supplies water and raw fuel gas (which may include reforming air) to one side end side in the longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2). The exhaust gas exhaust pipe 82 (see FIG. 3) for exhaust gas exhaust is connected, and the upper end of the exhaust pipe 171 is connected to the other side end in the longitudinal direction. The exhaust pipe 171 extends downward through the opening 167 formed in the top plate 160 a of the air passage cover 160 and the exhaust pipe opening 180 a of the air distribution member 180, and is formed on the top plate 8 a of the module case 8. The exhaust port 111 is connected. The exhaust port 111 is an opening through which the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 18 in the module case 8 is discharged to the outside of the module case 8, and is substantially at the center of the top plate 8 a that is substantially rectangular in top view. Is formed.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the evaporator 140 has an evaporator case 141 that is substantially rectangular in top view. The evaporator case 141 is formed by joining two low-profile bottomed rectangular cylindrical upper case 142 and lower case 143 with an intermediate plate 144 sandwiched therebetween.

  Accordingly, the evaporator case 141 has a two-layer structure in the vertical direction, and an exhaust passage portion 140A through which the exhaust gas supplied from the exhaust pipe 171 passes is formed in the lower layer portion, and a fuel layer is formed in the upper layer portion. An evaporation unit 140B that evaporates water supplied from the supply pipe 63 to generate water vapor, and a mixing unit 140C that mixes the water vapor generated in the evaporation unit 140B and the raw fuel gas supplied from the fuel supply pipe 63 are provided. It has been.

  The evaporator 140B and the mixer 140C are formed in a space where the evaporator 140 is partitioned by a partition plate provided with a plurality of communication holes (slits). The evaporation unit 140B is filled with alumina balls (not shown).

  Similarly, the exhaust passage portion 140A is partitioned into three spaces from the upstream side to the downstream side of the exhaust gas by two partition plates having a plurality of communication holes. The second space is filled with a combustion catalyst (not shown). That is, the evaporator 140 of the present embodiment includes a combustion catalyst device.

  In such an evaporator 140, heat exchange is performed between the water in the evaporation section 140B and the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage section 140A, and the water in the evaporation section 140B is evaporated by the heat of the exhaust gas, Water vapor will be generated. Further, heat exchange is performed between the mixed gas in the mixing section 140C and the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage section 140A, and the temperature of the mixed gas is raised by the heat of the exhaust gas.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a mixed gas supply pipe 112 for supplying a mixed gas to the reformer 120 is connected to the mixing unit 140C. The mixed gas supply pipe 112 is disposed so as to pass through the inside of the exhaust pipe 171, one end is connected to an opening 144 a formed in the intermediate plate 144, and the other end is formed on the top surface of the reformer 120. Connected to the mixed gas supply port 120a. The mixed gas supply pipe 112 passes through the exhaust passage portion 140A and the exhaust pipe 171 and extends vertically downward into the module case 8, where it is bent approximately 90 ° and extends horizontally along the top plate 8a. , Bent downward by approximately 90 ° and connected to the reformer 120.

  Next, the reformer 120 is disposed so as to extend horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the module case 8 above the combustion chamber 18, and the exhaust gas guiding member 130 is disposed between the top plate 8 a of the module case 8. And fixed to the top plate 8a with a predetermined distance therebetween. The reformer 120 has a substantially rectangular outer shape in a top view, but is an annular structure in which a through hole 120b is formed in the center, and has a casing in which an upper case 121 and a lower case 122 are joined. ing. The through hole 120b is positioned so as to overlap the exhaust port 111 formed in the top plate 8a in a top view, and preferably, the exhaust port 111 is formed at the center position of the through hole 120b.

  On one end side in the longitudinal direction of the reformer 120 (closed side plate 8e side of the module case 8), the mixed gas supply pipe 112 is connected to the mixed gas supply port 120a provided in the upper case 121, and the other end side ( On the closed side plate 8 d side), the fuel gas supply pipe 64 is connected to the lower case 122, and the hydrogen desulfurizer hydrogen extraction pipe 65 extending to the desulfurizer 36 is connected to the upper case 121. Therefore, the reformer 120 receives the mixed gas (that is, raw fuel gas mixed with water vapor (may include reforming air)) from the mixed gas supply pipe 112, reforms the mixed gas therein, The reformed gas (that is, fuel gas) is discharged from the fuel gas supply pipe 64 and the hydrogen extraction pipe 65 for hydrodesulfurizer.

  The reformer 120 is divided into three spaces by the two partition plates 123a and 123b, so that the reformer 120 receives a mixed gas from the mixed gas supply pipe 112 in the reformer 120. And a reforming section 120B filled with a reforming catalyst (not shown) for reforming the mixed gas, and a gas discharge section 120C for discharging the gas that has passed through the reforming section 120B are formed. (See FIG. 2). The reforming unit 120B is a space sandwiched between the partition plates 123a and 123b, and the reforming catalyst is held in this space. The mixed gas and the reformed fuel gas are movable through a plurality of communication holes (slits) provided in the partition plates 123a and 123b. As the reforming catalyst, a catalyst obtained by imparting nickel to the alumina sphere surface or a catalyst obtained by imparting ruthenium to the alumina sphere surface is appropriately used.

  The mixed gas supplied from the evaporator 140 through the mixed gas supply pipe 112 is ejected to the mixed gas receiving unit 120A through the mixed gas supply port 120a. The mixed gas is expanded in the mixed gas receiving unit 120A, the jetting speed is reduced, and is supplied to the reforming unit 120B through the partition plate 123a.

In the reforming unit 120B, the mixed gas moving at a low speed is reformed into a fuel gas by the reforming catalyst, and the fuel gas passes through the partition plate 123b and is supplied to the gas discharge unit 120C.
In the gas discharge unit 120C, the fuel gas is discharged to the fuel gas supply pipe 64 and the hydrogen extraction pipe 65 for the hydrodesulfurizer.

  A fuel gas supply pipe 64 as a fuel gas supply passage extends downward in the module case 8 along the closed side plate 8d, is bent approximately 90 ° in the vicinity of the bottom plate 8c, and extends in the horizontal direction. It extends into the manifold 66 formed below the inner side, and further extends horizontally in the manifold 66 to the vicinity of the closed side plate 8e on the opposite side. A plurality of fuel supply holes 64 b are formed in the lower surface of the horizontal portion 64 a of the fuel gas supply pipe 64, and fuel gas is supplied into the manifold 66 from the fuel supply holes 64 b. A lower support plate 68 having a through hole for supporting the fuel cell unit 16 is attached above the manifold 66, and the fuel gas in the manifold 66 is supplied into the fuel cell unit 16. The An ignition device 83 for starting combustion of fuel gas and air is provided in the combustion chamber 18.

  The exhaust gas guiding member 130 is disposed between the reformer 120 and the top plate 8 a so as to extend in the horizontal direction along the longitudinal direction of the module case 8. The exhaust gas guiding member 130 includes a lower guiding plate 131 and an upper guiding plate 132 that are separated by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, and connecting plates 133 and 134 to which both ends of the longitudinal direction are attached (FIG. 2). FIG. 3). The upper guide plate 132 is bent at both ends in the width direction downward and is connected to the lower guide plate 131. The connecting plates 133 and 134 have upper ends connected to the top plate 8a and lower ends connected to the reformer 120, thereby fixing the exhaust gas guiding member 130 and the reformer 120 to the top plate 8a. ing.

  The lower guide plate 131 is formed with a convex step portion 131a in which the central portion in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3) protrudes downward. On the other hand, as with the lower guide plate 131, the upper guide plate 132 is formed with a recess 132a so that the central portion in the width direction becomes concave downward. The convex step portion 131a and the concave portion 132a extend in the longitudinal direction in parallel in the vertical direction. The mixed gas supply pipe 112 extends horizontally in the recess 132a in the module case 8 and then bends downward in the vicinity of the closed side plate 8e, penetrates the upper guide plate 132 and the lower guide plate 131, It is connected to the reformer 120.

  In the exhaust gas guiding member 130, a gas reservoir (gas heat insulating layer) 135, which is an internal space that functions as a heat insulating layer, is formed by the upper guide plate 132, the lower guide plate 131, and the connecting plates 133 and 134. The gas reservoir 135 is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber 18. That is, the upper guide plate 132, the lower guide plate 131, and the connecting plates 133 and 134 are connected so as to form a predetermined gap, and are not airtightly connected. While it is possible for exhaust gas to flow into the gas reservoir 135 from the combustion chamber 18 during operation, or to allow air to flow in from the outside when stopped, the movement of gas between the inside and outside of the gas reservoir 135 is generally performed. Is moderate.

  The upper guide plate 132 is disposed at a predetermined vertical distance from the top plate 8a. Between the upper surface of the upper guide plate 132 and the top plate 8a, the upper guide plate 132 is horizontally aligned along the longitudinal direction and the width direction. An extended first exhaust passage 172a is formed. The first exhaust passage 172a is juxtaposed with the air passage 161a with the top plate 8a of the module case 8 interposed therebetween, and the plate fins 162, 163 in the air passages 161a, 161b are connected to the first exhaust passage 172a. Similar plate fins 175a are arranged. The plate fins 175a are provided at substantially the same location as the plate fins 162 when viewed from above, and face each other in the vertical direction across the top plate 8a.

  The upper guide plate 132 is disposed at a predetermined horizontal distance from the side surface of the upper guide plate 132 and the side plate 8b, and is arranged in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction between the side surface of the upper guide plate 132 and the side plate 8b. An extended second exhaust passage 172b is formed. The second exhaust passage 172b communicates with the first exhaust passage 172a at the top. Also in the second exhaust passage 172b, plate fins 175b similar to the plate fins 162 and 163 in the air passages 161a and 161b are arranged. The lower end of the plate fin 175b extends to the height of the lower guide plate 131.

  Of the air passages 161a, 161b and the first and second exhaust passages 172a, 172b, in the portions where the plate fins 162, 163, 175a, 175b are provided, the power generation air flowing through the air passages 161a, 161b and the first and second Efficient heat exchange is performed with the exhaust gas flowing through the second exhaust passages 172a and 172b, and the power generation air is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas.

  The reformer 120 is disposed at a predetermined horizontal distance from the side plate 8b of the module case 8, and the exhaust gas passes between the reformer 120 and the side plate 8b from below to above. A third exhaust passage 173 is formed.

  Further, the lower guide plate 131 is disposed at a predetermined vertical distance from the top surface of the upper case 121 of the reformer 120, and between the lower guide plate 131 and the upper case 121 and the reformer. The 120 through-hole 120b forms a fourth exhaust passage 174 through which the exhaust gas that has passed through the through-hole 120b from the bottom to the top passes. The fourth exhaust passage 174 merges with the third exhaust passage 173 above the reformer 120 and in the vicinity of the side plate 8b to form an exhaust concentration portion 176 where exhaust gas concentrates.

  Next, the fuel cell unit 16 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a fuel cell unit of a solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the fuel cell unit 16 includes a fuel cell 84 and inner electrode terminals 86 that are caps respectively connected to both ends of the fuel cell 84.

  The fuel cell 84 is a tubular structure extending in the vertical direction, and includes a cylindrical inner electrode layer 90 that forms a fuel gas flow path 88 therein, a cylindrical outer electrode layer 92, an inner electrode layer 90, and an outer side. An electrolyte layer 94 is provided between the electrode layer 92 and the electrode layer 92. The inner electrode layer 90 is a fuel electrode through which fuel gas passes and becomes a (−) electrode, while the outer electrode layer 92 is an air electrode in contact with air and becomes a (+) electrode.

  Since the inner electrode terminal 86 attached to the upper end side and the lower end side of the fuel cell 84 has the same structure, the inner electrode terminal 86 attached to the upper end side will be specifically described here. The upper portion 90 a of the inner electrode layer 90 includes an outer peripheral surface 90 b and an upper end surface 90 c exposed to the electrolyte layer 94 and the outer electrode layer 92. The inner electrode terminal 86 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 90b of the inner electrode layer 90 through a conductive sealing material 96, and is further in direct contact with the upper end surface 90c of the inner electrode layer 90, thereby Electrically connected. At the center of the inner electrode terminal 86, a fuel gas channel capillary 98 that communicates with the fuel gas channel 88 of the inner electrode layer 90 is formed.

  The fuel gas passage narrow tube 98 is an elongated thin tube provided so as to extend in the axial direction of the fuel cell 84 from the center of the inner electrode terminal 86. Therefore, a predetermined pressure loss occurs in the flow of the fuel gas flowing from the manifold 66 (see FIG. 2) into the fuel gas passage 88 through the fuel gas passage narrow tube 98 of the lower inner electrode terminal 86. To do. Accordingly, the fuel gas flow passage narrow tube 98 of the lower inner electrode terminal 86 acts as an inflow side flow passage resistance portion, and the flow passage resistance is set to a predetermined value. Further, a predetermined pressure loss also occurs in the flow of the fuel gas flowing out from the fuel gas flow path 88 to the combustion chamber 18 (see FIG. 2) through the fuel gas flow path narrow tube 98 of the upper inner electrode terminal 86. Therefore, the fuel gas flow passage narrow tube 98 of the upper inner electrode terminal 86 acts as an outflow side flow passage resistance portion, and the flow passage resistance is set to a predetermined value.

  The inner electrode layer 90 includes, for example, a mixture of Ni and zirconia doped with at least one selected from rare earth elements such as Ca, Y, and Sc, and Ni and ceria doped with at least one selected from rare earth elements. The mixture is formed of at least one of Ni and a mixture of lanthanum garade doped with at least one selected from Sr, Mg, Co, Fe, and Cu.

  The electrolyte layer 94 includes, for example, zirconia doped with at least one selected from rare earth elements such as Y and Sc, ceria doped with at least one selected from rare earth elements, lanthanum gallate doped with at least one selected from Sr and Mg, Formed from at least one of the following.

  The outer electrode layer 92 includes, for example, lanthanum manganite doped with at least one selected from Sr and Ca, lanthanum ferrite doped with at least one selected from Sr, Co, Ni and Cu, Sr, Fe, Ni and Cu. It is formed from at least one of lanthanum cobaltite doped with at least one selected from the group consisting of silver and silver.

  In the fuel cell assembly 12, the inner electrode terminal 86 attached to the inner electrode layer 90 that is the fuel electrode of each fuel cell unit 16 has the outer electrode layer 92 that is the air electrode of the other fuel cell unit 16. By electrically connecting to the outer peripheral surface, all 128 fuel cell units 16 are connected in series.

  Next, a gas flow in the fuel cell module of the solid oxide fuel cell device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 is a side sectional view showing a fuel cell module of a solid oxide fuel cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention, similar to FIG. 2, and FIG. 11 is similar to FIG. It is sectional drawing along the -III line. FIG. 12 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing the vicinity of the opening of the air distribution member similar to FIG. FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view at the height of the air passage of the fuel cell module of the solid oxide fuel cell device, and FIG. 14 is a height of the first exhaust passage of the fuel cell module of the solid oxide fuel cell device. FIG. In the figure, solid line arrows indicate the flow of fuel gas, broken line arrows indicate the flow of power generation air, and alternate long and short dashed arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas.

  As shown in FIG. 10, water and raw fuel gas (fuel gas) are fed into an evaporation section 140 </ b> B provided in an upper layer of the evaporator 140 from a fuel supply pipe 63 connected to one end side in the longitudinal direction of the evaporator 140. Supplied. The water supplied to the evaporation section 140B is heated by the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage section 140A provided in the lower layer of the evaporator 140 to become water vapor. The water vapor and the raw fuel gas supplied from the fuel supply pipe 63 flow downstream in the evaporation unit 140B and are mixed in the mixing unit 140C. The mixed gas in the mixing section 140C is heated by the exhaust gas flowing through the lower exhaust passage section 140A.

  The mixed gas (fuel gas) formed in the mixing unit 140C is supplied to the reformer 120 in the module case 8 through the mixed gas supply pipe 112. Since the mixed gas supply pipe 112 passes through the exhaust passage portion 140A, the exhaust pipe 171, and the first exhaust passage 172a in this order, the mixed gas in the mixed gas supply pipe 112 is further increased by the exhaust gas flowing through these passages. Heated.

  The mixed gas flows into the mixed gas receiving part 120A in the reformer 120, and from here passes through the partition plate 123a and flows into the reforming part 120B. The mixed gas is reformed in the reforming unit 120B to become fuel gas. The fuel gas thus generated passes through the partition plate 123b and flows into the gas discharge part 120C.

  Further, the fuel gas branches from the gas discharge part 120C into the fuel gas supply pipe 64 and the hydrogen extraction pipe 65 for hydrodesulfurizer. The fuel gas that has flowed into the fuel gas supply pipe 64 is supplied into the manifold 66 from the fuel supply hole 64 b provided in the horizontal portion 64 a of the fuel gas supply pipe 64, and from the manifold 66 into each fuel cell unit 16. Supplied.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the power generation air is blown into the air distribution chamber 182 downward from the power generation air introduction pipe 74 toward the top plate 8 a of the module case 8. As shown in FIG. 13, the power generation air blown into the air distribution chamber 182 collides with the top plate 8 a of the module case 8 and spreads concentrically in the horizontal direction from the air supply port of the power generation air introduction pipe 74. Thus, the power generation air is blown into the air distribution chamber 182 so that the air distribution chamber 182 has a higher pressure than the air passage 161a. For this reason, the power generation air in the air distribution chamber 182 is introduced into the air passage 161 a through the opening 180 c of the air distribution member 180. At this time, the opening area of the opening 180c is smaller as it is closer to the air supply port of the power generation air introduction pipe 74, and the opening area is larger as it is farther from the air supply port. For this reason, substantially the same amount of power generation air is introduced from each opening 180c into the air passage 161a. The power generation air introduced into the air passage 161a flows toward the upper edges of the pair of side plates 8b of the module case 8 (that is, in the vertical direction in FIG. 13) and is introduced into the air passage 161b. Then, it flows downward along the side plate 8b of the module case 8 in the air passage 161b.

  When the power generation air passes through the plate fins 162 and 163 in the air passages 161 a and 161 b, the first and second exhaust passages 172 and 172 formed in the module case 8 below the plate fins 162 and 163. Efficient heat exchange is performed with the exhaust gas passing through 173, and the exhaust gas is heated.

  Thereafter, the power generation air is injected into the power generation chamber 10 from the plurality of air outlets 8 f provided at the lower portion of the side plate 8 b of the module case 8 toward the fuel cell assembly 12. In the present embodiment, since the exhaust passage is not formed in the side portion of the fuel cell assembly 12, heat exchange between the power generation air and the exhaust gas is suppressed in this portion. Therefore, in the side part of the fuel cell assembly 12, the temperature unevenness in the vertical direction is less likely to occur in the power generation air in the air passage 161b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the fuel gas not used for power generation in the power generation chamber 10 is combusted in the combustion chamber 18 to become exhaust gas (combustion gas), and rises in the module case 8. Specifically, the exhaust gas is branched into a third exhaust passage 173 and a fourth exhaust passage 174, and between the outer surface of the reformer 120 and the side plate 8 b of the module case 8, and the reformer 120. The through-hole 120b passes between the reformer 120 and the exhaust gas guiding member 130. At this time, the exhaust gas passing through the fourth exhaust passage 174 is bisected in the width direction by the convex step portion 131a disposed above the through hole 120b of the reformer 120, and remains in the lower portion of the exhaust gas guiding member 130. Without being guided toward the third exhaust passage 173, the exhaust concentration portion 176 joins the exhaust gas flowing through the third exhaust passage 173. Here, since the plate fins 175b are provided in the second exhaust passage 172, the exhaust gas that has passed through the third exhaust passage 173 and the fourth exhaust passage 174 stays in the exhaust concentration section 176 (see FIG. 11A). Part).

  Thereafter, the exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust concentration portion 176 into the second exhaust passage 172b. The exhaust gas that has passed through the second exhaust passage 172b is introduced into the first exhaust passage 172a from the vicinity of the upper edges of the pair of side plates 8b of the module case 8. As shown in FIG. 14, the exhaust gas introduced from the second exhaust passage 172b flows toward the center in the width direction (up and down direction in FIG. 14). The exhaust gas that has reached the center in the width direction flows toward the center in the longitudinal direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 14) and is introduced into the exhaust port 111.

  When the exhaust gas stays in the exhaust concentration portion 176, heat is generated between the power generation air and the exhaust gas via the plate fins 163 provided in the portion corresponding to the exhaust concentration portion 176 in the air passage 161b. Exchange is performed. Further, when the exhaust gas flows through the second exhaust passage 172b and the first exhaust passage 172a, the plate fins 175b and 175a provided in the second and first exhaust passages 172b and 172a, and the air passages 161a and 161b. Through the plate fins 162 and 163 provided at portions corresponding to the inner plate fins 175b and 175a, efficient heat exchange is performed between the power generation air and the exhaust gas. In this way, the temperature of the power generation air is raised by the heat of the exhaust gas.

  The exhaust gas flowing out from the exhaust port 111 passes through the exhaust pipe 171 provided outside the module case 8, flows into the exhaust passage part 140A of the evaporator 140, passes through the exhaust passage part 140A, and then evaporates. From the vessel 140 to the exhaust gas discharge pipe 82. As described above, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the mixed gas in the mixing section 140C of the evaporator 140 and the water in the evaporation section 140B when flowing through the exhaust passage section 140A of the evaporator 140.

  As described above, according to the solid oxide fuel cell device of the present embodiment, the top plate 8a is connected to the top plate 8a from the air supply port of the power generation air introduction pipe provided to face the top plate 8a of the module case 8. Air for power generation is supplied to Thereby, the supplied power generation air spreads uniformly along the top plate 8a. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the power generation air is distributed from the air distribution chamber 182 formed by the air distribution member 180 and supplied to the air passage 161a. For this reason, power generation air is evenly distributed throughout the air passage 161a, and more efficient heat exchange is possible.

  Further, according to this embodiment, the air distribution member 180 forms the air distribution chamber 182, and the plurality of openings 180 c are formed in the side wall portion 180 </ b> B of the air distribution chamber 182. Thus, when power generation air is supplied from the air supply port to the air distribution chamber 182, the air distribution chamber 182 enters a high pressure state and is pushed out from the opening 180c to the air passage 161a. Furthermore, since the air distribution chamber 182 functions as a buffer, power generation air can be supplied more uniformly to the air passage 161a.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the opening area of the plurality of openings 180c of the air distribution member 180 is larger as the opening is farther from the air supply port. Thereby, the air for power generation can be evenly supplied from each opening 180c to the air passage 161a regardless of the distance from the air supply port.
Moreover, according to this embodiment, the some opening 180c of the air distribution member 180 is formed in the top-plate 8a side of the side wall part 180B. Thereby, the power generation air discharged from the air distribution chamber 182 through the opening 180c flows along the top plate 8a, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the plurality of openings 180c of the air distribution member 180 are formed below the plate-like main body 200 of the plate fin 162 of the air passage 161a. Thereby, the power generation air that has passed through the opening 180c flows along the top plate 8a on the lower side of the plate fin 162, and the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, since the plate fins 162 in which the second passage holes 202c and the first passage holes 204c are alternately formed are arranged in the air passages 161a and 161b, the power generation air meanders. The heat exchange time can be lengthened. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the first passage hole 204c is disposed in the vicinity of the opening 180c of the air distribution member 180, the power generation air flowing out from the opening 180c is prevented from escaping upward, The heat exchange efficiency can be further improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the air supply port for the power generation air introduction pipe 74 and the exhaust port 111 for the exhaust gas are provided in the vicinity of the center of the apparatus, and the module case 8 is located downstream of the air passage 161a and upstream of the first exhaust passage 172a. Located on the side of the. Thereby, in the air passage 161a, the power generation air flows from the center toward the side, and in the first exhaust passage 172a, the exhaust gas flows from the side toward the center. Thus, a counter flow is formed by the air passage 161a and the first exhaust passage 172a, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where a rectangular air distribution member was used, this invention is not limited to this. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the upper part of the fuel cell module with the air passage cover removed in a solid oxide fuel cell device of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the part where the air distribution member 280 hits the central exhaust pipe 171 is wide, and the width is narrow in other parts. Even in such a configuration, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solid oxide fuel cell apparatus 2 Fuel cell module 4 Auxiliary machine unit 6 Housing 7 Heat insulating material 8 Module case 8a Top plate 8b Side plate 8c Bottom plate 8d Closed side plate 8e Closed side plate 8f Outlet 10 Power generation chamber 12 Fuel cell assembly 16 Fuel cell unit 18 Combustion chamber 24 Water supply source 26 Pure water tank 28 Water flow rate adjustment unit 30 Fuel supply source 32 Gas shutoff valve 36 Desulfurizer 38 Fuel flow rate adjustment unit 39 Valve 40 Air supply source 42 Solenoid valve 44 Reforming air Flow rate adjusting unit 45 Power generation air flow rate adjusting unit 46 First heater 48 Second heater 50 Hot water production device 52 Control box 54 Inverter 63 Fuel supply pipe 64 Fuel gas supply pipe 64a Horizontal portion 64b Fuel supply hole 65 Hydrogen extraction for hydrodesulfurizer Pipe 66 Manifold 68 Lower support plate 74 Power generation air introduction pipe 8 Exhaust gas discharge pipe 83 Ignition device 84 Fuel cell 86 Inner electrode terminal 88 Fuel gas channel 90 Inner electrode layer 92 Outer electrode layer 94 Electrolyte layer 96 Sealing material 98 Fuel gas channel narrow tube 111 Exhaust port 112 Mixed gas supply tube 120 Gasifier 120A Mixed gas receiving part 120B Reforming part 120C Gas discharge part 120a Mixed gas supply port 120b Through hole 121 Upper case 122 Lower case 123a Partition plate 123b Partition plate 130 Exhaust gas guide member 131 Lower guide plate 131a Convex step 132 Upper guide plate 132a Recess 133 Connection plate 134 Connection plate 135 Gas insulation layer (gas reservoir)
140 Evaporator 140A Exhaust passage part 140B Evaporation part 140C Mixing part 141 Evaporator case 142 Upper case 143 Lower case 144 Intermediate plate 144a Opening 160 Air passage cover 160a Top plate 160b Side plate 160c Opening 161a Air passage 161b Air passage 162 Plate fin 163 Plate fin 167 Opening 171 Exhaust pipe 172a First exhaust passage 172b Second exhaust passage 173 Third exhaust passage 174 Fourth exhaust passage 175a Plate fin 175b Plate fin 176 Exhaust concentration portion 180 Air distribution member 180A Top plate 180B Side wall portion 180C Base 180a Exhaust pipe opening 180b Inlet opening 180c Open 182 Air distribution chamber 200 Main body 202 Second protrusion 202a Inclined part 202b Connecting part 202c Second passage hole 204 First protrusion 2 04a Inclined portion 204b Connecting portion 204c First passage hole 280 Air distribution member

Claims (6)

A solid oxide fuel cell device comprising:
A plurality of fuel cells that generate electricity by a reaction between power generation air and fuel gas obtained by steam reforming;
A module container for housing the plurality of fuel cells;
A combustion section that is provided above the plurality of fuel cells in the module container and that generates exhaust gas by burning fuel gas that has not contributed to power generation of the plurality of fuel cells;
A reformer that is provided above the combustion section and that reforms the raw material gas with steam to produce the fuel gas;
An exhaust gas passage that is formed along an inner wall of at least one surface of the module container, and that guides the exhaust gas generated in the combustion section to an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas to the outside of the module container;
An air supply pipe for supplying the power generation air from the outside of the module container through an air supply port;
An air passage formed along an outer wall of at least one surface of the module container, and supplied with power generation air supplied from the air supply pipe,
On at least one surface of the module container, a heat exchange part is formed in which heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passage and the power generation air in the air passage,
The air supply pipe is provided so that the air supply port faces the outer wall,
Furthermore, an air distribution mechanism that distributes the air for power generation blown from the air supply port to the outer wall so as to spread over the entire air passage ,
The air distribution mechanism is surrounded by the outer wall, the opposed surface, and the side surface by an air distribution member including a facing surface that faces the outer wall and a side surface that connects the facing surface and the outer wall. An air distribution chamber formed inside the passage,
The power generation air is supplied from the air supply port to the air distribution chamber,
A solid oxide fuel cell device, wherein a plurality of openings are formed in a side surface of the air distribution chamber . Opening area of the plurality of openings are farther opening from the air supply port, a large, solid oxide fuel cell device according to claim 1. The exhaust gas passage is formed along the inner wall of the top surface of the module container,
The air passage is formed along the outer wall of the top surface of the module container,
The solid oxide fuel cell device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of openings are formed on the outer wall side of the side surface of the air distribution member. A heat transfer plate that divides the air passage into an upper space and a lower space is provided downstream of the air distribution chamber in the air passage.
The solid oxide fuel cell device according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of openings are formed below the heat transfer plate. In the heat transfer plate,
A first passage hole through which the power generation air passes from the upper space to the lower space;
Second passage holes for passing the power generation air from the lower space to the upper space are alternately arranged with respect to the flow direction of the power generation air,
5. The solid oxide fuel cell device according to claim 4 , wherein the power generation air flowing out of the opening first passes through the first passage hole. 6. The outlet of the air passage and the inlet of the exhaust gas passage are provided at one end and the other end facing each other in a top view of the air passage,
The solid oxide fuel cell device according to claim 3 , wherein the air supply port and the discharge port are provided in the vicinity of the center between the one end and the other end.

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