JP6579242B2 - Exposure apparatus and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an exposure apparatus for scanning and exposing an image surface and an image forming apparatus including the exposure apparatus.

  In the technique of modulating the frequency of the clock used for exposure control of the exposure apparatus by spread spectrum in order to reduce radiation noise, since the light emission time depends on the clock, the pixel frequency is high and low in each pixel. There is a problem that the exposure amount is different and the image is shaded. On the other hand, in the prior art, by changing the exposure time for exposing each pixel in response to fluctuations in the clock frequency (modulation waveform), the exposure amount for each pixel is made constant, and the density of the image is changed. Is corrected (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-90758 A

  However, the conventional technique has a problem that the control becomes complicated because the control (exposure time) of the light emitting element must be changed for each pixel based on the modulation waveform.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is that it provides an exposure apparatus and an image forming apparatus capable of realizing a constant exposure amount in each pixel by a simple method.

In order to solve the above-described problems, an exposure apparatus according to the present invention forms one scanning line by scanning and exposing an image surface in the main scanning direction, and the main scanning is performed by a plurality of scanning lines shifted in the sub-scanning direction. An exposure unit that forms a plurality of pixels arranged in a direction; an oscillation unit that generates a clock frequency-spread at a predetermined modulation period; and a drive unit that causes the exposure unit to emit light in a light emission time based on the clock. Prepare.
The phase of the modulation waveform corresponding to the modulation period is shifted in the plurality of scanning lines so that the difference from the reference value of the light emission time for each pixel is canceled out among the plurality of scanning lines.

  According to this configuration, compared with the conventional complicated control of changing the exposure time for each pixel based on the modulation waveform, the image can be displayed to the user by a simple method of shifting the phase of the modulation waveform in a plurality of scanning lines. The exposure amount between a plurality of pixels can be made constant to such an extent that the difference in light and shade cannot be recognized.

  In the above-described configuration, the modulation waveform may be a waveform whose frequency changes in a sine wave shape with respect to time.

  Here, for example, when the modulation waveform is a waveform whose frequency changes in a trapezoidal shape with respect to time, even if the phase of the modulation waveform is shifted by a certain amount in a plurality of scanning lines, the difference from the reference value of the light emission time is canceled out. There are cases where it is not possible. On the other hand, according to the configuration described above, the exposure amount of each pixel can be made constant by shifting the phase of the modulation waveform by a fixed amount between the scanning lines.

  In the above-described configuration, the driving unit can be configured to cause the exposure unit to emit light for a time corresponding to a predetermined number of clocks per pixel.

  In the above-described configuration, when the number of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels is N, the phase of the modulation waveform may be shifted by 2π / N in adjacent scanning lines.

  According to this, it is possible to suppress a sudden change in the difference in exposure amount in one pixel by shifting the minimum phase. That is, for example, when the number of scanning lines is 4, and the phase is shifted by π, the spot of the maximum exposure amount and the spot of the minimum exposure amount overlap each other in one pixel, and the difference in exposure amount May change rapidly. On the other hand, when the number of scanning lines is 4 and the phase is shifted by π / 2 as in the configuration described above, the maximum exposure amount spot and the minimum exposure amount in one pixel. Since the spots do not overlap adjacently, it is possible to suppress a rapid change in the exposure amount difference.

In the above configuration, the period for scanning one scanning line is T1, the modulation period is T2, the number of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels is N, the divisor of N / 2 is L, When the above integer is K,
T1 / T2 = K ± {1 / (2 × L)}
The period T1 and the modulation period T2 may be set so as to satisfy the above.

  According to this, when the relationship between the period T1 and the modulation period T2 is set so as to satisfy the above formula, the first scanning line is scanned and then the second and subsequent scanning lines are scanned. The amount of exposure between a plurality of pixels can be made constant without special control.

In the above-described configuration, when the time during which scanning exposure is performed is T3 in the period T1,
T1> T3
May be satisfied.

  Here, “time during which scanning exposure is performed” refers to the time during which the exposure portion is controlled to blink in order to form one scanning line.

  According to this, since a part of time (T1-T3) in the period T1 for scanning one scanning line is always a time during which scanning exposure is not performed, the exposed portion can be cooled at that time. .

  Further, in the above-described configuration, when the detection unit that detects the clock is provided, the drive unit can be configured to start forming the scanning line based on a detection result of the detection unit.

  According to this, since the scanning line formation start timing is determined based on the detection result of the detection unit, the exposure amount between the plurality of pixels can be made constant without depending on the relationship between the period T1 and the modulation period T2. it can.

  Further, in the above configuration, the detection unit outputs a signal based on the fact that the frequency of the clock has reached a predetermined value, and the driving unit responds to each scanning line after receiving the signal. The scanning line can be formed after waiting for a delay time.

  Further, in the above-described configuration, the exposure unit can include a plurality of light emitting units arranged in the main scanning direction.

  In addition to the above-described exposure apparatus, the image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes a photoconductor on which an electrostatic latent image is formed by the exposure apparatus.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a constant exposure amount in each pixel by a simple method.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an overall configuration of a color printer according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure (a) which looked at the LED unit from the bottom, the figure (b) which expands and shows a SLED chip, and the figure (c) which shows the relationship between a pixel, a scanning line, and an exposure spot. It is a figure which shows the structure and wiring of a LED control board. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a clock oscillated at a reference frequency, and FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a frequency spread clock. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a scanning period and a modulation period. It is a figure which shows the modulation waveform and exposure spot in each scanning line. It is a figure which shows the LED control board which concerns on the modification 1. It is a figure which shows the delay time in the modification 1. It is a figure which shows the modulation waveform and exposure spot of each scanning line in the modification 1. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a drive part. It is a figure which shows the calculation result which investigated the relationship between ratio T1 / T2 of a period, and the variation in light quantity.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
In the following description, the direction will be described with reference to a user when using a color printer as an example of an image forming apparatus. That is, in FIG. 1, the left side toward the paper surface is “front side”, the right side toward the paper surface is “rear side”, the rear side toward the paper surface is “left side”, and the front side toward the paper surface is “right side”. To do. In addition, the vertical direction toward the page is defined as the “vertical direction”.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the color printer 1 includes a paper feeding unit 20 that supplies paper P, an image forming unit 30 that forms an image on the fed paper P, and an image formed in a main body housing 10. A paper discharge unit 90 that discharges the printed paper P and a main substrate 100 that controls each unit when forming an image are provided.

  An upper cover 11 that opens and closes an opening provided in the main body housing 10 is provided on the upper portion of the main body housing 10 so as to be able to rotate up and down about a rotation shaft 12 provided on the rear side. . An upper surface of the upper cover 11 serves as a paper discharge tray 13 that accumulates the paper P discharged from the main body housing 10, and a plurality of holding members 14 that hold the LED units 40 are provided on the lower surface. In the upper cover 11, an LED control board 110 and a shield plate 120 facing the LED control board 110 are provided.

  The paper feeding unit 20 is provided in the lower part of the main body housing 10 and is detachably attached to the main body housing 10, and the paper P is conveyed from the paper feeding tray 21 to the image forming unit 30. A paper supply mechanism 22 is mainly provided. The paper supply mechanism 22 is provided on the front side of the paper supply tray 21 and mainly includes a paper supply roller 23, a separation roller 24, and a separation pad 25.

  In the paper feed unit 20 configured in this way, the paper P in the paper feed tray 21 is separated one by one and sent upward, and passes through between the paper dust removal roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 in the process. After the powder is removed, the direction is changed backward through the conveyance path 28 and supplied to the image forming unit 30.

  The image forming unit 30 mainly includes an exposure apparatus ED, four process cartridges 50, a transfer unit 70, and a fixing unit 80. The exposure apparatus ED includes the LED control board 110 and the four LED units 40 described above.

  The LED unit 40 is disposed above a photosensitive drum 53 as an example of a photoreceptor, and mainly includes an LED head 41 and a back plate 42, and the LED head 41 is disposed to face the photosensitive drum 53.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the LED head 41 has 20 SLED (Self-Scanning Light Emitting Device) chips 41A as an example of an exposure unit on the surface facing the photosensitive drum 53, and these SLEDs The chips 41A are staggered along the main scanning direction (left-right direction). Specifically, ten pairs of a pair of SLED chips 41A that are displaced in the front-rear direction and are adjacent to the left and right are arranged along the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the SLED chip 41A has 256 light emitting elements LD (LD1 to LD256) as an example of a light emitting unit. Each SLED chip 41A is sequentially controlled to blink from the first light emitting element LD1 to the 256th light emitting element LD256 at a predetermined exposure time T3, as shown in FIG. The surface (image surface) of the photosensitive drum 53 is scanned and exposed in the main scanning direction to form one scanning line SL (for example, the first scanning line SL1).

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of pixels PX (PX1 to PX256) arranged in the main scanning direction are formed by four scanning lines SL1 to SL4 shifted in the sub-scanning direction. Specifically, an exposure spot SP formed as an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 53 by one light emitting element LD is sequentially overlapped while shifting in the sub-scanning direction as the photosensitive drum 53 rotates, so that one pixel PX is formed.

  Each SLED chip 41 </ b> A exposes the surface of the photosensitive drum 53 by inputting a signal from the LED control board 110 and blinking each of the light emitting elements LD <b> 1 to LD <b> 256 based on image data to be formed. The configuration of the LED control board 110 will be described in detail later.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the back plate 42 is a member that supports the LED head 41, and is swingably attached to the upper cover 11 via the holding member 14. Thus, the LED unit 40 (LED head 41) moves from the exposure position facing the photosensitive drum 53 to the upper retracted position by rotating the upper cover 11 upward.

  The process cartridge 50 includes a drum unit 51 and a developing unit 61 that is detachably attached to the drum unit 51 and is arranged in the front-rear direction between the upper cover 11 and the paper feeding unit 20. The process cartridge 50 can be exchanged from the opening of the main body housing 10 after the upper cover 11 is rotated upward. Each process cartridge 50 has the same configuration except that the color of the toner (developer) stored in the toner storage chamber 66 of the developing unit 61 is different.

  The drum unit 51 mainly includes a drum case 52, a photosensitive drum 53 that is rotatably supported by the drum case 52, and a charger 54.

  The developing unit 61 includes a developing case 62, a developing roller 63 and a supply roller 64 that are rotatably supported by the developing case 62, and a blade assembly 65. The developing unit 61 includes a toner storage chamber 66 that stores toner. .

  The transfer unit 70 is provided between the paper feeding unit 20 and each process cartridge 50, and mainly includes a driving roller 71, a driven roller 72, a conveyance belt 73, a transfer roller 74, and a cleaning unit 75.

  The driving roller 71 and the driven roller 72 are arranged in parallel in a spaced manner in the front-rear direction, and a conveyance belt 73 formed of an endless belt is stretched between them. The outer surface of the conveyance belt 73 is in contact with each photosensitive drum 53. In addition, four transfer rollers 74 that sandwich the conveyor belt 73 between the photosensitive drums 53 are arranged inside the conveyor belt 73 so as to face the photosensitive drums 53. A transfer bias is applied to the transfer roller 74 by constant current control during transfer.

  The cleaning unit 75 is arranged below the conveyance belt 73, and is configured to remove the toner adhering to the conveyance belt 73 and drop the removed toner into the toner storage unit 76 arranged below the cleaning belt 75.

  The fixing unit 80 is disposed on the rear side of each process cartridge 50 and the transfer unit 70, and includes a heating roller 81 and a pressure roller 82 that is disposed to face the heating roller 81 and presses the heating roller 81.

  In the image forming unit 30 configured as described above, first, the surface of each photosensitive drum 53 is uniformly charged by the charger 54 and then exposed to the LED light emitted from each LED head 41. Thereby, an electrostatic latent image based on the image data is formed on each photosensitive drum 53.

  Further, the toner in the toner storage chamber 66 is supplied to the developing roller 63 by the rotation of the supply roller 64, and enters the space between the developing roller 63 and the blade assembly 65 by the rotation of the developing roller 63 and is thin with a certain thickness. It is carried on the developing roller 63 as a layer.

  The toner carried on the developing roller 63 is supplied to the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 53 when the developing roller 63 comes into contact with the photosensitive drum 53. As a result, the toner is selectively carried on the photosensitive drum 53 to visualize the electrostatic latent image, and a toner image is formed by reversal development.

  Then, the paper P supplied onto the conveyor belt 73 passes between each photosensitive drum 53 and each transfer roller 74 disposed inside the conveyor belt 73, whereby the toner formed on each photosensitive drum 53 is obtained. Images are sequentially transferred onto the paper P. When the paper P passes between the heating roller 81 and the pressure roller 82, the toner image transferred onto the paper P is thermally fixed.

  The paper discharge unit 90 mainly includes a paper discharge side transport path 91 formed so as to extend upward from the outlet of the fixing unit 80 and to be reversed to the front side, and a plurality of pairs of transport rollers 92 that transport the paper P. I have. The paper P on which the toner image has been transferred and heat-fixed is transported through a paper discharge-side transport path 91 by a transport roller 92, discharged outside the main body housing 10, and accumulated in the paper discharge tray 13.

  Next, the configuration of the LED control board 110 and the wiring structure in the vicinity thereof will be described in detail. First, the wiring structure will be briefly described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the main substrate 100 controls each part of the color printer 1 during image formation. Specifically, the rotational speed of the photosensitive drum 53 and the driving roller 71, the conveyance speed of the paper P in the paper feeding unit 20 and the fixing unit 80, the light emission timing of each light emitting element LD, and the like are directly or other control boards (for example, , Indirectly through the LED control board 110).

  The LED control board 110 outputs a signal to each SLED chip 41A of each LED head 41 based on the data of the image to be formed, and controls the light emission.

  Each LED head 41 and the LED control board 110 are electrically connected by a flat cable 130 having a plurality of signal lines. The LED control board 110 and the main board 100 are electrically connected by a flat cable 140 having a plurality of signal lines.

  In the present embodiment, the power of the LED control board 110 is supplied from a power supply board 150 provided in the main body casing 10 separately from the main board 100. A cable 151 drawn from the power supply board 150 is connected to the LED control board 110.

Next, the configuration of the LED control board 110 will be described in detail.
The LED control board 110 includes an oscillation unit 111 and a drive unit 112.

As shown in FIG. 4B, the oscillation unit 111 spreads a clock (pulse signal) having a constant period (for example, 100 MHz) with a predetermined modulation period T2 as shown in FIG. It is configured to generate a frequency spread clock. Specifically, the oscillation unit 111 is configured by an SSCG (Spread Spectrum Clock Generator). That means
The frequency of the frequency-spread clock changes ±±% (for example, 1%) with reference to the reference frequency fb (for example, 100 MHz).

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the clock frequency changes according to the change of the modulation waveform WP corresponding to the modulation period T2. Here, the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 5 represents the frequency of the clock. In the present embodiment, the modulation waveform WP is a waveform whose frequency changes in a sine wave shape with respect to time.

  The drive unit 112 is configured to cause the light emitting elements LD1 to LD256 of each LED head 41 to emit light in a time based on the frequency spread clock. Specifically, the drive unit 112 forms one exposure spot SP by causing one light emitting element LD to emit light for a time corresponding to a predetermined number of clocks (for example, 60 clocks). Specifically, for example, when the number of clocks assigned to one exposure spot SP is 80 clocks, the driving unit 112 emits light for a time corresponding to 60 clocks of them to form one exposure spot SP. is doing.

  In the case where one pixel PX is formed by four exposure spots SP, the driving unit 112 corresponds to a clock number (for example, 240 clocks) four times the predetermined clock number described above for one pixel PX. The light emitting element LD emits light for a time.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the phase of the modulation waveform WP corresponding to the modulation period T <b> 2 has a plurality of scanning lines SL <b> 1 to SL <b> 1 so that the exposure amount is substantially constant between the plurality of pixels PX <b> 1 to PX256. The modulation period T2 and the scanning period T1 are set so as to shift in SL4 (1st to 4th lines). Here, the scanning cycle T1 is a cycle for scanning one scanning line SL, and is set to a time longer than the exposure time T3 described above.

  The exposure time T3 is a time during which scanning exposure is actually executed (a time during which blinking control is actually performed from the first light emitting element LD1 to the 256th light emitting element LD256). Therefore, the empty time from the time when the blinking control for the 256th light emitting element LD256 is completed to the time when the next light emitting element LD1 starts blinking control is performed at all for the light emitting elements LD1 to LD256. There is no time (T1-T3).

Next, the relationship between the modulation period T2 and the scanning period T1 will be described in detail.
In the LED control board 110, when the number of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels PX is N, a divisor of N / 2 is L, and an integer of 1 or more is K, the following expression (1) is satisfied. Further, a modulation period T2 and a scanning period T1 are set.
T1 / T2 = K ± {1 / (2 × L)} (1)

  In the present embodiment, the number N of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels PX is 4, and the divisor of N / 2 is 2. As a condition satisfying the above equation (1) when K = 1, the scanning cycle T1 is set to 3/4 of the modulation cycle T2. By setting the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2 in this way, the phase of the modulation waveform WP is shifted by π / 2 in the adjacent scanning line SL.

  That is, the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the second line is shifted by π / 2 with respect to the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the first line, and the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the third line with respect to the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the second line. Is shifted by π / 2, and the modulation period T2 and the scanning period T1 are set so that the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the fourth line is shifted by π / 2 with respect to the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the third line.

  Next, the effect in this embodiment is demonstrated in detail with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6 to be referred to, for the sake of convenience, the magnitude of the exposure amount of each exposure spot SP is represented by the size of the spot, and the number of exposure spots SP is less than the actual number (256).

  As shown in FIG. 6, by setting the scanning period T1 to 3/4 of the modulation period T2, the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the first line and the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the third line are shifted by exactly π, and 2 Two waves interfere and cancel each other. Similarly, the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the second line and the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the fourth line are also shifted by exactly π, and the two waves interfere and cancel each other. In other words, the phase of the modulation waveform WP is in an equilibrium state with four scanning lines forming one pixel PX.

  Therefore, the total exposure amount of the four exposure spots SP that are overlapped in the sub-scanning direction to form one pixel PX can be made substantially constant among the plurality of pixels PX. Specifically, the exposure amount of the exposure spot SP is the smallest at the highest clock frequency (value on the vertical axis of the modulation waveform WP) and the largest at the lowest clock frequency. By canceling the modulation waveform WP in each of the scanning lines SL1 to SL4, the exposure amount (total exposure amount of the four exposure spots SP) in the plurality of pixels PX arranged in the main scanning direction can be made substantially constant.

  In other words, the light emission time of each light emitting element LD is the shortest when the clock frequency is the highest, and the longest when the clock frequency is the lowest. Therefore, as described above, the modulation waveform WP is applied to each of the scanning lines SL1 to SL4. By canceling out, the difference with respect to the reference value of the light emission time of the light emitting element LD for one pixel PX is canceled by a plurality of scanning lines, and the total light emission time for four times is made substantially constant among the plurality of pixels PX. Can do. Here, the reference value of the light emission time is a time corresponding to the reference frequency fb.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, as compared with the complicated control in which the exposure time is changed for each pixel based on the conventional modulation waveform, the phase of the modulation waveform WP is shifted in the plurality of scanning lines SL1 to SL4. By this method, the exposure amount between the plurality of pixels PX can be made substantially constant.

  Since the modulation waveform WP is a waveform whose frequency changes in a sine wave shape with respect to time, for example, compared with a case where the modulation waveform is a waveform whose frequency changes in a trapezoidal shape with respect to time, between the scanning lines SL1 to SL4. The light emission time of each pixel PX can be made substantially constant by shifting the phase of the modulation waveform WP by a certain amount (π / 2).

  By setting the relationship between the scanning cycle T1 and the modulation cycle T2 to satisfy the above formula (1), after scanning the first scanning line SL1, the second and subsequent scanning lines SL2 to SL4 are scanned. The exposure amount between the plurality of pixels PX can be made substantially constant without performing special control when scanning SL1,. That is, for example, as in the embodiment described later, the first scanning line SL1 is compared with a case where the phase of the modulation waveform WP is shifted without considering the relationship between the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2. There is no need to wait for a delay time after scanning, and the formation of the next scanning line SL2 can be started as it is.

  Since the scanning cycle T1 is set to a time longer than the exposure time T3, a part of the scanning cycle T1 (T1-T3) can always be set as a time during which scanning exposure is not performed, and the light emitting element LD at that time. Can be cooled.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can utilize with various forms so that it may illustrate below. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to members having substantially the same structure as in the above embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the embodiment, the phase of the modulation waveform WP is shifted by π / 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of pixels PX1 to PX256 (one column) arranged in the main scanning direction by four scanning lines SL1 to SL4. In the form in which the pixel column is formed, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained even if the phase of the modulation waveform WP is shifted by π. Specifically, even in this case, the modulation waveform WP can be canceled by the first line and the second line, and the modulation waveform WP can be canceled by the third line and the fourth line.

  However, by shifting the phase of the modulation waveform WP by π / 2, which is the minimum phase in the form of forming the plurality of pixels PX with four lines as in the above embodiment, each exposure spot in one pixel PX It can suppress that the difference of exposure amount changes rapidly. That is, for example, when the number of scanning lines is 4, and the phase is shifted by π, the spot of the maximum exposure amount and the spot of the minimum exposure amount overlap each other in one pixel, and the difference in exposure amount May change rapidly. On the other hand, when the number of scanning lines is 4 and the phase is shifted by π / 2 as in the above-described embodiment, the spot with the maximum exposure amount and the minimum exposure amount in one pixel. Since the spots do not overlap adjacently (see FIG. 6), it is possible to suppress a rapid change in the difference in exposure amount.

  In the above embodiment, the plurality of pixels PX1 to PX256 (one column of pixels) arranged in the main scanning direction are formed by the four scanning lines SL1 to SL4. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the even number of scanning lines is used. The present invention can be applied to any form as long as it forms one pixel column. That is, one or a plurality of sets of two scanning lines having a relationship in which the modulation waveform is canceled exists within a range in the sub-scanning direction of one pixel column, and one line of the first pixel column What is necessary is just to comprise so that the modulation | alteration waveform when starting the scan of the eye and the modulation waveform when starting the scan of the 1st line of the 2nd pixel column may become the same phase.

  In this case, the relationship between the number of scanning lines and the phase shift of the modulation waveform is, for example, that when the number of scanning lines forming one pixel column is N, the phase of the modulation waveform is changed between adjacent scanning lines. It can be shifted by 2π / N. According to this, in the form in which a plurality of pixels are formed with N lines, the phase is shifted by 2π / N, which is the minimum phase, so that the difference in the exposure amount of each exposure spot in one pixel can be suppressed from abruptly changing. Can do.

  In the embodiment, as an example of the control of the light emitting element LD by the driving unit 112, when the number of clocks allocated to one exposure spot SP is 80 clocks, the light is emitted only for the time corresponding to 60 clocks. Such control is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in consideration of variations in the light emission efficiency of each light emitting element, a predetermined light emission time (number of clocks) may be corrected in order to correct it. Specifically, when the number of clocks assigned to one exposure spot is 80 clocks, light may be emitted for a time corresponding to 60 clocks ± A clocks. Here, ± A clock is an exposure correction value that is predetermined for each light emitting element based on the light emission efficiency of each light emitting element.

  In the embodiment, the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2 are set to appropriate values in order to shift the phase of the modulation waveform WP in each of the scanning lines SL1 to SL4. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when the LED control board 110 includes a detection unit 113 that detects a clock transmitted from the oscillation unit 111, the drive unit 112 is configured based on the detection result of the detection unit 113. The phase of the modulation waveform WP in each scanning line SL may be shifted by starting the formation of the scanning line SL.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the detection unit 113 determines whether or not the clock frequency has reached a positive peak value fp (predetermined value), and when the frequency has reached the peak value fp. Is configured to output a peak signal indicating this to the drive unit 112. The driving unit 112 is configured to wait for the first delay time Tw1 and the second delay time Tw2 corresponding to each scanning line SL after receiving the peak signal, and start forming the scanning line SL.

  Here, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the number of scanning lines SL for forming a plurality of pixels PX1 to PX256 (one pixel column) is two.

  The first delay time Tw1 for determining the timing for starting the formation of the first scanning line SL1 is set to ¼ of the modulation period T2. Thus, the modulation waveform WP corresponding to the first line is a waveform in which the initial frequency is the reference frequency fb and the frequency starts to change from the reference frequency fb in the minus direction.

  The second delay time Tw2 for determining the formation start timing of the second scanning line SL2 is set to 7/4 of the modulation period T2. As a result, the modulation waveform WP corresponding to the second line is a waveform in which the initial frequency is the reference frequency fb and the frequency starts to change from the reference frequency fb in the plus direction. That is, the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the second line is shifted by π with respect to the modulation waveform WP of the first line. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the modulation waveform WP of the first line and the modulation waveform WP of the second line interfere with each other and cancel each other, so that a subpixel is formed to form one pixel PX. The total exposure amount (total light emission time) of the two exposure spots SP superimposed in the scanning direction can be made substantially constant between the plurality of pixels PX.

Specifically, the drive unit 112 performs control based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10, the driving unit 112 first determines whether or not the clock frequency has reached a peak value by determining whether or not a peak signal has been received from the detection unit 113 (S1).

  If it is determined in step S1 that the clock frequency is not a peak value (No), the drive unit 112 ends this control. If it is determined in step S1 that the clock frequency is the peak value (Yes), the driving unit 112 determines whether or not the first delay time Tw1 has elapsed since the peak signal was received (S2). . The determination of the elapse of the first delay time Tw1 may be made, for example, by starting the timer counting from the time when the peak signal is received.

  If it is determined in step S2 that the first delay time Tw1 has elapsed (Yes), the drive unit 112 scans the first line (S3). After step S3, the driving unit 112 determines whether or not the second delay time Tw2 has elapsed since the peak signal was received (S4). Note that the determination of the elapse of the second delay time Tw2 may be performed by, for example, starting the timer counting from the time when the peak signal is received, as described above.

  If it is determined in step S4 that the second delay time Tw2 has elapsed (Yes), the drive unit 112 scans the second line (S5). As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the second line is shifted by π with respect to the phase of the modulation waveform WP of the first line, so that the two exposure spots SP superimposed in the sub-scanning direction The total exposure amount (total light emission time) can be made substantially constant among the plurality of pixels PX.

  In addition, according to this embodiment, since the timing of starting the formation of each scanning line SL is determined based on the detection result of the detection unit 113, it does not depend on the relationship between the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2, and between the plurality of pixels PX. The exposure amount can be made substantially constant. In this embodiment, a positive peak value is exemplified as an example of the predetermined value. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the predetermined value may be a negative peak value, for example.

  In the embodiment, the SLED chip 41A is illustrated as an example of the exposure unit. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the exposure unit is, for example, a semiconductor laser provided in an exposure apparatus that scans laser light with a polygon mirror. There may be.

  In the above-described embodiment, the photosensitive drum 53 is illustrated as an example of the photosensitive member. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a belt-shaped photosensitive member.

  In the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to the color printer 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be applied to other image forming apparatuses such as monochrome printers, copiers, and multifunction machines. Good.

  The calculation conditions for the above-described embodiment will be described below. Specifically, a calculation result obtained by examining a variation in the amount of light per pixel when the ratio T1 / T2 of the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2 is appropriately changed is shown.

The calculation conditions are as follows.
1. Resolution in the main scanning direction: 600 dpi (dots per inch)
2. Sub-scanning direction resolution: 2400 dpi
3. Modulation waveform amplitude: 2% of the clock reference frequency
4). Period ratio T1 / T2: 1.0 to 3.0
5. Number of scanning lines for forming one pixel row: 4

  The calculation was performed under the conditions as described above, and the variation in the light amount at each cycle ratio T1 / T2 (difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the exposure amounts at the four exposure spots) was calculated. As a result, a graph as shown in FIG. 11 was obtained. Here, the horizontal axis in FIG. 11 is the cycle ratio T1 / T2, and the vertical axis is the amount of deviation of the exposure amount from the reference value.

  According to the graph of FIG. 11, it was confirmed that the variation in the amount of light was the largest when the ratio T1 / T2 of the period was an integer of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. In addition, it was confirmed that the variation in the amount of light was small in the vicinity where the cycle ratio T1 / T2 was 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.25, 2.5, 2.75. .

From this, it was confirmed that variation in the amount of light can be reduced by satisfying the following conditions.
When the number of scanning lines is N, the divisor of N / 2 is L, and the integer equal to or greater than 1 is K, the following equation (1) as in the above embodiment may be satisfied.
T1 / T2 = K ± {1 / (2 × L)} (1)

In other words, when N = 4, the divisor L of N / 2 is 1 and 2, so the equation (1) becomes the following two patterns of equations (2) and (3): T1 / T2 = K ± (1/2) (2)
T1 / T2 = K ± (1/4) (3)

  By substituting 2 for K in equation (2), 1.5 and 2.5 can be obtained as T1 / T2, and if 1, 2, or 3 is substituted for K in equation (3) , T1 / T2 can be 1.25, 1.75, 2.25, 2.75. Therefore, by determining the scanning period T1 and the modulation period T2 so as to satisfy Expression (1), it is possible to obtain the same numerical value as the calculation result described above.

41A SLED chip 111 Oscillator 112 Drive unit ED Exposure device PX Pixel SL Scan line T2 Modulation period WP Modulation waveform

Claims (9)

It has a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in the main scanning direction, forms one scanning line by scanning and exposing the image plane in the main scanning direction, and the exposure spot is formed by the plurality of scanning lines shifted in the sub scanning direction. An exposure unit that forms a plurality of pixels arranged in the main scanning direction by forming one pixel based on image data by superimposing on an image plane;
An oscillation unit that generates a frequency-spread clock with a predetermined modulation period with respect to a reference frequency, and a drive unit that causes the light-emitting element to emit light in a light emission time based on the frequency-spread clock,
For the one pixel, the phase of the modulation waveform corresponding to the modulation period is scanned by the plurality of scans so as to cancel out the difference between the total light emission time of the overlapped exposure spots and the total light emission time based on the reference frequency. and Shifts in line,
A period for scanning one scanning line is T1, the modulation period is T2, the number of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels is N, a divisor of N / 2 is L, and an integer greater than or equal to K is K. sometimes,
T1 / T2 = K ± {1 / (2 × L)}
And,
T1> T2
An exposure apparatus characterized by satisfying the relationship: It has a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in the main scanning direction, scans the image surface in the main scanning direction to form one scanning line, and the exposure spot is formed by four scanning lines shifted in the sub scanning direction. An exposure unit that forms a plurality of pixels arranged in the main scanning direction by forming one pixel based on image data by superimposing on an image plane;
An oscillation unit that generates a frequency-spread clock with a predetermined modulation period with respect to a reference frequency, and a drive unit that causes the light-emitting element to emit light in a light emission time based on the frequency-spread clock,
For the one pixel, the phase of the modulation waveform corresponding to the modulation period is scanned by the plurality of scans so as to cancel out the difference between the total light emission time of the overlapped exposure spots and the total light emission time based on the reference frequency. and Shifts in line,
When the period for scanning one scanning line is T1, and the modulation period is T2,
T1 / T2 = 3/4
An exposure apparatus characterized by satisfying the relationship: The modulation waveform, the exposure apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that frequency varies sinusoidally with respect to time. 4. The exposure apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the driving unit causes the light emitting element to emit light for a time corresponding to a predetermined number of clocks for the one pixel. The driving unit emits the light emitting element for a time corresponding to the number of clocks obtained by adding a predetermined reference clock number for each pixel and a clock number based on the exposure amount correction value of the light emitting element corresponding to the pixel. The exposure apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exposure apparatus includes: The number of scan lines forming a plurality of pixels is taken as N, the adjacent scanning lines, any of claims 1 to 5 in which the phase of the modulation waveform is characterized in that offset 2 [pi / N 2. The exposure apparatus according to item 1. Of the period T1, when the time for performing scanning exposure is T3,
T1> T3
The exposure apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the exposure apparatus satisfies the following conditions. The exposure apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the one pixel is formed by overlapping four exposure spots. A photoreceptor on which an electrostatic latent image is formed;
It has a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in the main scanning direction, forms one scanning line by scanning and exposing the image plane in the main scanning direction, and the exposure spot is formed by the plurality of scanning lines shifted in the sub scanning direction. An exposure unit that forms a plurality of pixels aligned in the main scanning direction by forming one pixel based on image data by superimposing on the photoconductor;
An oscillation unit that generates a frequency-spread clock with a predetermined modulation period with respect to a reference frequency, and a drive unit that causes the light-emitting element to emit light in a light emission time based on the frequency-spread clock,
For the one pixel, the phase of the modulation waveform corresponding to the modulation period is scanned by the plurality of scans so as to cancel out the difference between the total light emission time of the overlapped exposure spots and the total light emission time based on the reference frequency. and Shifts in line,
A period for scanning one scanning line is T1, the modulation period is T2, the number of scanning lines forming the plurality of pixels is N, a divisor of N / 2 is L, and an integer greater than or equal to K is K. sometimes,
T1 / T2 = K ± {1 / (2 × L)}
And,
T1> T2
An image forming apparatus satisfying the relationship:

Images