JP6573522B2 - Member joining method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for joining members.

  In order to reduce the weight and improve safety of automobiles, a high strength steel sheet called high tension steel is used. Although these high-tension steels are effective for weight reduction and safety improvement, they are still heavy compared to low specific gravity materials such as aluminum. Further, high tension steel has problems such as a decrease in formability due to its high strength, an increase in forming load, and a decrease in dimensional accuracy. In order to solve these problems, in recent years, multi-materials have been used in which extruded products, cast products, and press-formed products using aluminum having a lighter specific gravity than steel plates are used together with steel parts.

  The problem with this multi-materialization is the joining of steel plate parts and aluminum parts. In welding technology represented by spot welding, a brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) is generated at the interface between the steel plate and the aluminum plate, so electromagnetic forming joining, screw fastening represented by bolts and nuts, friction stir welding ( Fusing techniques such as FSW (friction stir welding), rivets, self-piercing rivets (SPR), mechanical clinching, and adhesion have been put into practical use.

  A method for joining members of such different materials is disclosed in Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, a tubular first member is inserted into a second member having a hole, a tube expansion device is inserted into the tube of the first member, the first member is expanded, and the first member and the second member are assembled. It is joined. The tube expansion device includes a mold (tube expansion indenter) divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction and a mandrel (tube expansion tool). Each mold moves outward in the radial direction of the first member by pushing in the mandrel, and the first member is expanded.

Japanese Patent No. 4844356

  In the joining method of Patent Document 1, in order to secure a sufficient joining force, it is necessary to create a shape of the tube expansion device, and at the same time, a high accuracy with respect to the mandrel pushing amount is required. In addition, the first member and the pipe expansion device are both metal members, and when these metal members are in contact, the first member is cracked or locally deformed, and the hole of the second member is also deformed. There is.

  The present invention suppresses cracking and local deformation during the tube expansion molding of the first member and deformation of the hole of the second member, and a member joining method capable of reducing the shape accuracy of the tube expansion indenter and the push-in amount accuracy of the tube expansion tool. It is an issue to provide.

  A first aspect of the present invention includes a tubular first member, a second member provided with a hole, a tube expansion indenter that expands the first member, an elastic layer made of an elastic material, and the tube expansion indenter. A tube expansion tool to be expanded outward, the tube expansion indenter is disposed inside the first member, the elastic layer is disposed between the first member and the tube expansion indenter, and the second member The first member is inserted into the hole, and the tube expansion tool is pushed into the tube expansion indenter, thereby pushing the tube expansion indenter outward and expanding the first member and the elastic layer to expand the first member. A member joining method for joining a member and the second member is provided.

  According to this method, by disposing the elastic layer between the first member and the tube expansion indenter, the elastic layer acts as a cushioning material, and cracks and local deformation during the tube expansion molding of the first member and the second member. The deformation of the hole portion can be suppressed. Therefore, the shape accuracy of the tube expansion indenter and the push-in amount accuracy of the tube expansion tool can be relaxed.

  The elastic layer may at least partially cover the tube expansion indenter.

  Since the elastic layer at least partially covers the tube expansion indenter, it is not necessary to cover the entire tube expansion indenter. In particular, even if the first member has a complicated shape, the elastic layer can be reliably disposed in the contact portion, and direct contact between the first member and the tube expansion indenter can be reliably prevented.

  The elastic layer may be tubular.

  Since the elastic layer is tubular, when the tube expansion tool is pulled out, the tube expansion indenter is tightened radially inward by the tightening force of the elastic layer. Therefore, the expanded indenter that has expanded radially outward at the time of joining contracts radially inward and is released from contact with the inner surface of the first member. Therefore, the tube expansion indenter can be pulled out without being caught on the first member.

  The elastic layer may partially differ in thickness.

  By thickening the elastic layer in the portion where the contact pressure between the first member and the tube expansion indenter is high, the buffering effect is further increased, and the cracking and local deformation of the first member and the deformation of the hole of the second member are ensured. Can be prevented. Moreover, the deformation amount of the first member can be adjusted by changing the shape of the elastic layer without changing the shape of the tube expansion indenter, and the bonding strength can be adjusted.

  The elastic layer may be partially different in material.

  By softening the material of the elastic layer of the portion where the contact pressure between the first member and the tube expansion indenter is high, the buffering effect is further improved, and the cracking and local deformation of the first member and the deformation of the hole of the second member are prevented. It can be surely prevented. Moreover, the deformation amount of the first member can be adjusted by changing the material of the elastic layer without changing the shape of the tube expansion indenter, and the bonding strength can be adjusted.

  The second aspect of the present invention includes a tubular first member, a second member provided with a hole, a tube expansion indenter made of an elastic material that expands the first member, and the tube expansion indenter outward. A tube expansion tool to be expanded, the first member is inserted into the hole of the second member, the tube expansion indenter is disposed inside the first member, and the tube expansion tool is pushed into the tube expansion indenter. Thus, a member joining method is provided in which the tube indenter is pushed out and expanded to expand the first member to join the first member and the second member.

  When the tube expansion indenter is made of an elastic material, even if the tube expansion indenter and the first member are in contact with each other, the first member and the second member can be joined without causing cracks or local deformation in the first member. Further, since an elastic layer as a cushioning material is not necessary, the configuration can be simplified by omitting the elastic layer.

  A third aspect of the present invention is a method of joining a tubular first member and a second member provided with a hole, a tube expanding indenter for expanding the first member, and the first member. An elastic layer disposed between the tube expansion indenter and a tapered tube expansion device for expanding the tube expansion indenter outward, wherein the first member is inserted through the hole of the second member; And in the state where the tube expansion indenter is arranged inside the first member, the tube expansion indenter is pushed out and expanded by pushing the tube expansion tool into the tube expansion indenter, and the first member and the elastic layer A member joining apparatus for joining the first member and the second member by expanding the outer side of the member.

  According to the present invention, by disposing the elastic layer between the first member and the tube expansion indenter, the elastic layer acts as a buffer material, and the first member is cracked or locally deformed during tube expansion molding and the second member. The deformation of the hole portion can be suppressed. Therefore, the shape accuracy of the tube expansion indenter and the push-in amount accuracy of the tube expansion tool can be relaxed.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view before joining which shows the joining method of the member which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view after joining which shows the joining method of the member which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 1B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1A. 1B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The 1st member of Drawing 2A, and a transverse cross section showing the 1st modification of a tube expansion indenter. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first modification of the first member and the tube expansion indenter of FIG. 2B. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second modification of the first member and the tube expansion indenter of FIG. 2A. The transverse cross section which shows the 2nd modification of the 1st member of Drawing 2B, and a tube expansion indenter. The 1st member of Drawing 2A and a transverse cross section showing the 3rd modification of a tube expansion indenter. The transverse cross section which shows the 3rd modification of the 1st member and expanded tube indenter of Drawing 2B. The 1st member of Drawing 2A, and a transverse cross section showing the 4th modification of a tube expansion indenter. The cross section which shows the 4th modification of the 1st member of FIG. 2B, and a pipe expansion indenter. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the 2nd member of FIG. 1A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the 2nd member of FIG. 1B. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 1st modification of the rubber | gum of FIG. 1A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd modification of the rubber | gum of FIG. 1A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 3rd modification of the rubber | gum of FIG. 1A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 3rd modification of the rubber | gum of FIG. 1B. The longitudinal cross-sectional view before joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view after joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view before joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view after joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 13A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the joining apparatus of FIG. 13A. The longitudinal cross-sectional view before joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view after joining of the joining apparatus of the member which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each embodiment described below, the material of the first member 10 and the second member 20 is not particularly limited, and the present invention can be applied to any material.

(First embodiment)
A joining method for joining the first member 10 and the second member 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 2B. In the present embodiment, the first member 10 and the second member 20 are joined using a tube expansion indenter 31, a mandrel (tube expansion tool) 32, and an elastic member (elastic layer) 33 as the bonding device 30.

  The first member 10 is a tube having a circular cross section. The second member 20 has a flat plate shape provided with a circular hole 21. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the first member 10 and the shape of the hole 21 of the second member 20 are similar. Since the outer shape of the first member 10 and the shape of the hole 21 of the second member 20 are similar to each other, the first member 100 can be uniformly enlarged and deformed and joined to the first member 10 and the second member 20. On the other hand, local load can be prevented from occurring. Further, the hole 21 of the second member 20 is formed slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first member 10, and the first member 10 can be inserted into the hole 21. The first member 10 is joined to the second member 20 while being inserted through the hole 21 of the second member 20. In addition, the shape of the 2nd member 20 is not limited to flat form, A tubular shape etc. may be sufficient and it is not specifically limited.

  The mandrel 32 has a quadrangular section and a tapered tip end portion 32a and a columnar base end portion 32b. The base end portion 32b of the mandrel 32 is connected to a drive source (not shown), is moved by this drive source, is pushed into the tube expansion indenter 31, and is expanded by pushing the tube expansion indenter 31 radially outward as will be described later (FIG. 1B arrow). The material of the mandrel 32 of the present embodiment is made of a metal such as tool steel, but is not particularly limited as long as it has a strength capable of being expanded by extruding the tube expansion indenter 31.

  The tube expansion indenter 31 is disposed and used inside the first member 10. The tube expansion indenter 31 has an insertion hole 31a having a square cross section for inserting the mandrel 32 in the center. The insertion hole 31 a penetrates the tube expansion indenter 31 and is formed corresponding to the tapered shape of the tip portion 32 a of the mandrel 32. That is, the insertion hole 31a is formed so that the cross-sectional shape gradually decreases from one end to the other end of the tube expansion indenter 31 into which the mandrel 32 is inserted. Two convex portions 31b that are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction are provided at the central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the tube expansion indenter 31 over the entire circumference. The two convex portions 31b cause the first member 10 to locally bulge outward at the time of joining.

  The tube expansion indenter 31 has a circular cross-sectional outer shape, and is divided into four in the circumferential direction around the insertion hole 31a. That is, the tube expansion indenter 31 is configured by combining four tube expansion indenter elements 31c. Therefore, when the mandrel 32 is pushed into the push-in hole 31a, the individual tube expansion indenter elements 31c are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and pushed out radially outward. Although the material of the pipe expansion indenter 31 of this embodiment is metal, such as tool steel, if it has the intensity | strength which can pipe-form the 1st member 10, it will not specifically limit. Further, the number of divisions of the tube expansion indenter 31 is not limited to four divisions, and may be any division number.

  Two ring-shaped jigs 34 are arranged at both ends of the tube expansion indenter 31 so that the four tube expansion indenter elements 31c are not disassembled. The two jigs 34 are each provided with four screw holes 34a which are through holes. The number of screw holes 34a corresponds to the number of tube expansion indenter elements 31c. Each tube expansion indenter element 31c and the jig 34 are fixed by being screwed by the screw 34b through the screw hole 34a. In the present embodiment, the screw hole 34a is formed as a long hole, and the screw 34b can move radially outward in the screw hole 34a. Therefore, as will be described later, each of the expanded tube indenter elements 31c is pushed by the mandrel 32. Can be expanded by extruding radially outward.

  The elastic member 33 is made of an elastic material such as rubber, and is adhered to the outer peripheral surface of each individual expanded tube indenter element 31c so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of each expanded tube indenter element 31c. Therefore, in this embodiment, four elastic members 33 are used corresponding to the number of individual tube expansion indenter elements 31c. These elastic members 33 are arranged between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 at the time of joining, and have a buffering effect against the contact between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31. The material of the elastic member 33 is preferably, for example, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, CNR rubber (chloroprene rubber + nitrile rubber), or silicon rubber. The hardness of the elastic member 33 is preferably 30 or more on Shore A.

  Moreover, although the elastic member 33 is stuck so that the outer peripheral surface of each pipe expansion indenter element 31c may be coat | covered, you may stick so that it may coat | cover partially. For example, you may coat | cover only the convex part 31b vicinity of the pipe expansion indenter 31 with a high contact pressure.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the joining apparatus 30 of this embodiment is demonstrated. The tubular first member 10 is placed on the support base 35 in a state of being inserted through the hole 21 of the hat-shaped second member 20. Inside the first member 10, a jig 34 and a tube expansion indenter 31 screwed are arranged. A mandrel 32 is pressed into the tube expansion indenter 31. The mandrel 32 is provided with a bolt hole 32c into which the guide bolt 36 is inserted. The guide bolt 36 is fixed to the support base 35 through the bolt hole 32 c, and the moving direction of the mandrel 32 is limited to a direction perpendicular to the support base 35 along the guide bolt 36. The mandrel 32 is attached to a press machine 37 as a drive source, receives an external force from the press machine 37 toward the support base 35 (see the arrow in the figure), and moves toward the support base 35 along the guide bolt 36. The tube expander indenter 31 is pushed outward in the radial direction.

  The joining process will be described in order with reference to FIGS. 1A to 3.

  First, the tube expansion indenter 31 is disposed inside the first member 10, the elastic member 33 is disposed between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, and the first member 10 is inserted into the hole 21 of the second member 20. To do. However, the order in these joining processes is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the tube expansion indenter 31 and the elastic member 33 are disposed at the same time because the tube expansion indenter 31 is disposed inside the first member 10 with the elastic member 33 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the tube expansion indenter 31. . FIG. 1A shows a state in which these procedures are completed.

  Next, by pushing the mandrel 32 into the push-in hole 31a of the tube expansion indenter 31 by a press machine 37 (see FIG. 3), the individual tube expansion indenter elements 31c are pushed out and expanded, and the first member 10 and the elastic member 33 are expanded. And the first member 10 and the second member 20 are joined. Specifically, the portion of the first member 10 bulged by plastic deformation outward in the radial direction is pressed and joined to the hole 21 of the second member 20. FIG. 1B shows a state when bonded in this manner.

  After joining, the mandrel 32 is withdrawn from the tube expansion indenter 31, the radially outward force against the tube expansion indenter 31 is removed, the tube expansion indenter 31 is contracted, and the contact with the first member 10 is released. Thereafter, the tube expansion indenter 31 is pulled out from the first member 10, and the joining process is completed.

  In this way, by disposing the elastic member 33 between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, the elastic member 33 acts as a buffer material, and cracks and local deformations during the tube expansion molding of the first member 10 and The deformation of the hole 21 of the second member 20 can be suppressed. Therefore, the shape accuracy of the tube expansion indenter 31 and the pressing amount accuracy of the mandrel 32 can be relaxed.

  A modification of the shape of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 9B.

  4A and 4B, as a first modification of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, the first member 10 has a circular shape and the tube expansion indenter 31 has a substantially rectangular shape. As described above, the present invention is applicable even if the shapes of the first member 10 and the second member 20 are not similar.

  Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, as a second modification of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, the first member 10 has a substantially rectangular shape, and the tube expansion indenter 31 also has a generally rectangular shape. Thus, even if the shape of the 1st member 10 and the 2nd member 20 has similar shapes other than a circle, the effect as the above-mentioned similar shape is acquired.

  6A and 6B, as a third modification of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, the first member 10 has a partition wall 11 having a substantially quadrangular shape and divided into two, and the tube expansion indenter 31 is also schematically illustrated. It is a rectangle. By having the partition wall 11, the strength of the first member 10 is improved. As described above, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the first member 10 has a complicated shape having the partition wall 11 therein. In this case, the mandrel 32 needs to be changed in shape, such as by cutting out a portion corresponding to the partition wall 11. In particular, when the first member 10 has a complicated shape as described above, the elastic member 33 only needs to at least partially cover the tube expansion indenter 31, and it is not necessary to cover the entire tube expansion indenter 31. For example, by arranging the elastic member 33 at the contact portion, direct contact between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 can be reliably prevented.

  7A and 7B, as a fourth modification of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31, the first member 10 has a partition wall 11 having a substantially rectangular shape and divided into four parts, and the tube expansion indenter 31 is also schematically illustrated. It is a rectangle. Thus, the shape of the partition wall 11 is not particularly limited, and the number of divisions inside the first member 10 is not particularly limited.

  It should be noted that the present invention can be applied to any shapes other than the shapes of the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 shown in FIGS. 4A to 9B, and the present invention is limited to the shapes shown in the drawings. There is no.

  With reference to FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, the modification of the 2nd member 20 is demonstrated.

  The edge of the hole 21 of the second member 20 may be burring processed. By burring the edge of the hole 21 of the second member 20, the strength of the hole 21 of the second member 20 can be improved and deformation of the second member 20 can be prevented. Furthermore, the joining area of the 1st member 10 and the 2nd member 20 increases by burring process, and joining strength can be improved.

  A modification of the elastic member 33 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 10B.

  With reference to FIG. 9A, as a first modification of the elastic member 33, the thickness of the elastic member 33 may be partially changed. In this modification, the elastic member 33 in the portion to be attached to the convex portion 31b of the tube expansion indenter 31 having a high contact pressure is thickened. By thickening the elastic member 33 in the portion where the contact pressure between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 is high, the buffering effect is further enhanced, and the cracking and local deformation of the first member 10 and the hole of the second member 20 are increased. 21 can be reliably prevented from being deformed. In addition, the deformation strength of the first member 10 can be adjusted by changing the shape of the elastic member 33 without changing the shape of the tube expansion indenter 31, and the bonding strength can be adjusted.

  With reference to FIG. 9B, as a second modification of the elastic member 33, the material of the elastic member 33 may be partially changed. In the present modification, the material of the elastic member 33 at the portion attached to the convex portion 31b of the tube expansion indenter 31 is made softer. By softening the material of the elastic member 33 in the portion where the contact pressure between the first member 10 and the tube expansion indenter 31 is high, the buffering effect is further enhanced, and the cracking and local deformation of the first member 10 and the second member 20 The deformation of the hole 21 can be reliably prevented. Further, without changing the shape of the tube expansion indenter 31, the deformation amount of the first member 10 can be adjusted by changing the material of the elastic member 33, and the bonding strength can be adjusted.

  Referring to FIGS. 10A and 10B, the elastic member 33 may be tubular. In this case, the elastic member 33 may not be attached to the tube expansion indenter 31 and is disposed between the tube expansion indenter 31 and the first member 10. The elastic member 33 may be adhered to the inner surface of the first member 10, for example. Since the elastic member 33 is tubular, when the mandrel 32 is pulled out, the tube expansion indenter 31 is tightened radially inward by the tightening force of the elastic member 33. Therefore, the tube expansion indenter 31 that has been expanded radially outward at the time of joining contracts radially inward and is released from contact with the inner surface of the first member 10. Therefore, the tube expansion indenter 31 can be pulled out without being caught on the first member 10.

  As described above, the shapes of the first member 10, the second member 20, the tube expansion indenter 31, and the elastic member 33 can be variously changed. The possibility of these deformations is not limited to the present embodiment, and the following implementations are possible. The same applies to the form.

(Second Embodiment)
The joining device 30 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B is different from the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A and 1B in that two mandrels 32 are pushed in from both sides of the expanded indenter 31. In the present embodiment, portions similar to those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, since the two mandrels 32 are pushed into the push-in holes 31a from both sides of the tube expansion indenter 31, the push-in holes 31a of the tube expansion indenters 31 correspond to the tapered shapes of the tip portions 32a of the two mandrel 32 from both ends. The cross-sectional shape is gradually reduced toward the center. Thus, by using the two mandrels 32, the tube expansion indenter 31 can be pushed out radially outward from both sides, and the joining accuracy can be improved.

(Third embodiment)
12A and 12B is different from the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A and 1B in that the joining device 30 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B uses a cam mechanism 40. In the present embodiment, portions similar to those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the first member 10 and the second member 20 are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the pressing force in the vertical direction is converted into the horizontal direction by the cam mechanism 40 to move the presser 41a in the horizontal direction. Thus, the mandrel 32 is pushed out and pushed into the expanded tube indenter 31.

  The cam mechanism 40 includes a cam driver 42 and a cam slider 43.

  The cam driver 42 is movable in the vertical direction, and has an inclined surface 42 a for transmitting a force to the cam slider 43 at a lower portion thereof. When a downward force is applied to the cam driver 42, the force is transmitted from the cam driver 42 to the cam slider 43 via the inclined surface 42a, the cam driver 42 moves in the vertical direction (downward in the figure), and the cam slider 43 It moves along the guide shaft 44 in the horizontal direction (left direction in the figure). For the cam driver 42, for example, a press machine or the like often used for press working or the like may be used.

  The cam slider 43 has an inclined surface 43a for transmitting a force from the cam driver 42 at an upper portion thereof. The cam slider 43 is movable in the horizontal direction along the guide shaft 44. A pusher 41 a for pressing the mandrel 32 is attached to the cam slider 43. Further, on the outer side in the horizontal direction of the cam mechanism 40 (right side in the figure), a standing wall portion 45 that stops the movement of the cam mechanism 40 in the outer side in the horizontal direction is fixedly disposed. One end of the guide shaft 44 is fixed outside the standing wall 45 in the horizontal direction, passes through the standing wall 45, the cam slider 43, the pusher 41 a, and the mandrel 32, and the other end is fixed to the jig 34. The standing wall 45 and the cam slider 43 are elastically connected by a coil spring 46, and the cam slider 43 is urged toward the standing wall 45.

  At the time of joining, a downward force is applied to the cam driver 42, the cam driver 42 is moved downward, and the force is transmitted from the cam driver 42 to the cam slider 43 via the inclined surfaces 42a and 43a, and the vertical direction ( (Down) force is converted into horizontal (left) force. Then, the cam slider 43 is moved in the direction of the guide shaft 44, the mandrel 32 is pressed by the pusher 41 a, and the mandrel 32 is pushed into the tube expansion indenter 31 and joined. After the joining is completed, the cam slider 43 is automatically restored to the original position by the biasing force of the coil spring 46 when the force from the cam driver 42 is removed.

  Since the pusher 41a is moved in the horizontal direction (in the direction of the guide shaft 44) and the mandrel 32 is pushed into and joined to the tube expansion indenter 31, the first member 10 can be disposed horizontally. Therefore, even the long first member 10 can be expanded. Here, the horizontal direction in which the guide shaft 44 extends includes an inclination direction in addition to a strict horizontal direction.

(Fourth embodiment)
13A and 13B, the joining apparatus 30 of the fourth embodiment applies rotational torque to the guide shaft 44 via the handle 50 to move the pusher 41a, and pushes the mandrel 32 by the pusher 41a to expand the mandrel 32. 11 is different from the second embodiment of FIGS. Parts similar to those in the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Here, illustration of the 1st member 10 and the 2nd member 20 is abbreviate | omitted for description.

  In this embodiment, the handle 50 is attached to the guide shaft 44, and screw grooves 51a and 51b are formed. A rotation torque can be applied to the guide shaft 44 by rotating the handle 50. The screw grooves 51a and 51b are not the same shape, but are formed in different shapes with respect to the pressers 41a and 41b so that the pressers 41a and 41b are moved close to each other. One pusher 41a is penetrated by the guide shaft 44, and rotational torque is transmitted from the guide shaft 44 through the thread groove 51a. Further, the pusher 41a is stopped from rotating by inserting two support rods 52 therein. The support bar 52 is fixed to a substantially U-shaped fixed base 53, and the guide shaft 44 is rotatably supported by the fixed base 53. Therefore, one pusher 41a moves in the horizontal direction (rightward in FIG. 13A) along the screw groove 51a of the guide shaft 44 without rotating by the support rod 52, and pushes out the mandrel 32.

  As shown in FIG. 13B, the two mandrels 32 pass through the key groove 31d of the tube expansion indenter 31 so that the right mandrel 32 does not rotate relative to the left mandrel 32 in FIG. 13A as the guide shaft 44 rotates. It is connected. Specifically, the mandrel 32 has a key crest 32d on the side surface, and each tube expansion indenter element 31c has a key groove 31d corresponding to the key crest 32d. In a state where the key crest 32d and the key groove 31d are engaged, even if the guide shaft 44 rotates, the rotation of the two mandrels 32 and the tube expansion indenter 31 is relatively limited. Therefore, the other pusher 41b moves in the horizontal direction (leftward in FIG. 13A) along the screw groove 51b of the guide shaft 44 without rotating to push out the mandrel 32. Further, by engaging the key ridge 32 d and the key groove 31 d, the individual tube expansion indenter elements 31 c can be moved simultaneously along the tapered tip portion 32 a of the mandrel 32. Furthermore, the space can be reduced by using the key groove 31d or the like. The same effect can be obtained by using the ring-shaped jig 34 (see FIG. 1A) shown in the first embodiment instead of the keyway 31d and the like.

  Therefore, the mandrels 32 on both sides are pushed out by the one pusher 41a and the other pusher 41b and pushed into the tube expansion indenter 31 from both sides. In this manner, the mandrel 32 may be pushed into the tube expansion indenter 31 by the rotational torque applied to the guide shaft 44.

  A modification of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this modification, two support rods 52 are extended, penetrate one pusher 41 a and the mandrel 32, and are inserted into the other pusher 41 b and the mandrel 32. Thus, the rotation of the pushers 41a and 41b on both sides is restricted. However, it is necessary to provide the expanded indenter 31 with an insertion hole 54 for inserting the support rod 52. In the case of this modification, since the rotation of the mandrels 32 on both sides can be restricted by the support rod 52, it is not necessary to provide the key groove 31d and the key mountain 32d shown in FIG. 13B.

(Fifth embodiment)
15A and 15B, the joining device 30 of the fifth embodiment is the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A and 1B in that the tube expansion indenter 31 is formed of an elastic material and the elastic member 33 is omitted. Is different. In the present embodiment, portions similar to those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the tube expansion indenter 31 is formed of an elastic material such as rubber, and the elastic member 33 that is present in the first to fourth embodiments is omitted. The hardness of the elastic material of the tube expansion indenter 31 only needs to be such that the first member 10 can be subjected to tube expansion molding. Since the tube expansion indenter 31 is made of an elastic material, even if the tube expansion indenter 31 and the first member 10 are in contact with each other, the first member 10 and the second member 20 are not cracked or locally deformed. Can be joined. Moreover, since the elastic member 33 (refer FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B) as a shock absorbing material becomes unnecessary, the structure can be simplified by omitting the elastic member 33.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st member 11 Partition wall 20 2nd member 21 Hole part 30 Joining device 31 Tube expansion indenter 31a Push-in hole 31b Projection part 31c Tube expansion indenter element 31d Key groove 32 Mandrel (tube expansion tool)
32a Tip portion 32b Base end portion 32c Bolt hole 32d Key crest 33 Elastic member (elastic layer)
34 Jig 34a Screw hole 34b Screw 35 Support base 36 Guide bolt 37 Press machine 40 Cam mechanism 41a, 41b Pusher 42 Cam driver 42a Inclined surface 43 Cam slider 43a Inclined surface 44 Guide shaft 45 Standing wall portion 46 Coil spring 50 Handle 51a, 51b Thread groove 52 Support rod 53 Fixing base 54 Insertion hole

Claims (7)

A tubular first member, a second member provided with a hole, a tube expansion indenter that expands the first member, an elastic layer made of an elastic material, and a tube expander that expands the tube expansion indenter outward are prepared. And
Arranging the expanded tube indenter inside the first member;
The elastic layer extending in the same direction as the first member is disposed between the first member and the tube expansion indenter,
Inserting the first member into the hole of the second member;
A member that pushes the tube expansion tool into the tube expansion indenter to push the tube expansion indenter outward and expands the first member and the elastic layer to bond the first member and the second member. Joining method.   The member bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the elastic layer at least partially covers the tube indenter.   The method for joining members according to claim 1, wherein the elastic layer is tubular.   The method for joining members according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the elastic layer partially differs in thickness.   The member bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the elastic layer is partially different in material. Preparing a tubular first member, a second member provided with a hole, a tube expansion indenter made of an elastic material that expands the first member, and a tube expander that expands the tube expansion indenter outward,
Inserting the first member into the hole of the second member;
Arranging the expanded tube indenter inside the first member;
A member joining method in which the tube expansion tool is pushed out into the tube expansion indenter, the tube expansion indenter is pushed out and expanded to expand the first member, and the first member and the second member are bonded together. A method of joining a tubular first member and a second member provided with a hole,
A tube expansion indenter for expanding the first member;
An elastic layer disposed between the first member and the tube expansion indenter and extending in the same direction as the first member ;
A tapered tube expansion tool for expanding the tube expansion indenter outward,
The tube expansion tool is pushed into the tube expansion indenter in a state where the first member is inserted through the hole of the second member and the tube expansion indenter is disposed inside the first member. A member joining apparatus that pushes and expands the tube indenter outward to expand the first member and the elastic layer to join the first member and the second member.

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