JP6564279B2 - Standard and leveling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scale for performing leveling.

  Normally, in leveling for measuring the height difference, an operator collimates a gauge installed at a measurement target point with a level, and reads a numerical value drawn on the gauge visually. At this time, it is necessary that the scale is directly facing the level and the scale is perpendicular to the collimation line of the level.

  Conventionally, when reading the value of the standard, the operator on the side of the standard swings the standard in the front-rear direction so that it passes through a position perpendicular to the collimation line of the level and collimates from the level Is the smallest value that can be read as the collimation height. When the scale is tilted in the front-rear direction with respect to the collimation line, a value larger than the actual collimation height is read, so by measuring the smallest value as the collimation height, Reading mistakes can be prevented.

  However, there is no standard for judging whether or not the standard has passed through a position perpendicular to the line of sight, and when the standard is shaken in the front-rear direction, the standard may not pass through a position perpendicular to the line of sight. is there. In this case, since the smallest value of the scale is a value different from the actual collimation height, the scale is misread and the precise collimation height cannot be obtained.

JP2013-250068A

  The present invention provides a scale that reliably passes a position perpendicular to the line of sight and prevents erroneous reading of the scale.

  The present invention is a scale that is collimated by a spirit level, and is provided with an inclination direction determination member whose display changes in correspondence with the inclination of the spirit level with respect to the collimation line on the surface facing the spirit level. It is related to.

  According to the present invention, the tilt direction determining member is a vertical lenticular, and when the vertical lenticular is tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized, On the other hand, the present invention relates to a measure that is configured such that the second vertical pattern is visually recognized when tilted rearward from a vertical position.

  According to the present invention, the tilt direction determining member is a vertical lenticular, and the vertical lenticular is configured to change a color displayed when tilted back and forth with respect to a position perpendicular to the line of sight. It is related to.

  Further, the present invention relates to a measuring scale further provided on a surface where the inclination direction determining member does not face the level.

  According to the present invention, the vertical lenticular further relates to a measure that is configured to further include a third vertical pattern that is visually recognized when the vertical lenticular is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the line of sight.

  According to the present invention, the tilt direction determining member is a horizontal lenticular, and the horizontal lenticular rotates in a clockwise direction with respect to a vertical axis from a plane orthogonal to the line of sight. And a scale that is configured so that the second horizontal pattern is visually recognized when it is rotated counterclockwise from the plane with respect to the vertical axis.

  According to the present invention, the tilt direction determining member is a vertical lenticular and a horizontal lenticular. When the vertical lenticular is tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized, The second vertical pattern is configured to be visually recognized when tilted backward from a position perpendicular to the quasi-line, and the horizontal lenticular rotates clockwise from the plane perpendicular to the sight line with respect to the vertical axis. The first horizontal pattern is visually recognized when rotated to the right, and the second horizontal pattern is visually recognized when rotated counterclockwise from the plane with respect to the vertical axis. The vertical lenticular and the horizontal lenticular are alternately provided in a height direction on a face facing each other.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the tilt direction determining member is a vertical horizontal lenticular, and when the vertical horizontal lenticular is tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized, When the second vertical pattern is visually recognized when tilted backward from a position perpendicular to the quasi-line, and rotated clockwise with respect to the vertical axis from a plane orthogonal to the sight line The first horizontal pattern is visually recognized, and the scale is configured so that the second horizontal pattern is visually recognized when the first horizontal pattern is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the vertical axis from the plane.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a tilt direction determining member that is collimated by a spirit level and whose display changes in correspondence with the tilt of the spirit level with respect to the collimation line on the surface facing the spirit level. Therefore, it is possible to easily determine whether or not the measure is passing through a position perpendicular to the collimation line, and misreading of the scale of the measure is prevented, and an accurate collimation height is detected. It exhibits the excellent effect of being able to.

It is the schematic explaining the leveling which concerns on a 1st Example. It is a principal part enlarged view of the measuring stick which concerns on a 1st Example. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the inclination with respect to the collimation line of the lenticular which concerns on 1st Example, (B) (C) is explanatory drawing which shows the vertical pattern visually recognized in each position of (A). . It is the schematic explaining the leveling which concerns on a 2nd Example. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the inclination with respect to the collimation line of the lenticular which concerns on 3rd Example, (B)-(D) is explanatory drawing which shows the vertical pattern visually recognized in each position of (A). is there. It is the schematic explaining the inclination of the scale with respect to the collimation line which concerns on a 4th Example. (A) is a principal part enlarged view of the staff which concerns on a 5th Example, (B) is a principal part enlarged view of the staff which shows the modification of (A).

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3A to 3C.

  In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a level, 2 indicates a tripod for supporting the level 1, and 3 indicates a scale standing on the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an inclination direction determining member, for example, a vertical lenticular 4 is provided on the surface of the staff 3 facing the level 1 in the entire height direction. The lenticular has the property that the pattern (pattern) or color changes depending on the viewing angle. In this embodiment, the vertical lenticular 4 has different patterns (patterns) when viewed from above with respect to a direction perpendicular to the collimation line 5 of the level 1 and when viewed from below. Is a lenticular created to change color. In the following description, the case where the pattern changes will be described.

  FIG. 3A shows the inclination of the vertical lenticular 4 with respect to the line of sight 5, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are enlarged views of the vertical lenticular 4 visible from the level 1 at that time. The figure is shown.

  When the vertical lenticular 4 is viewed from above, that is, when the staff 3 is inclined forward (in the direction approaching the level 1), an operator collimates the staff 3 from the level 1 In FIG. 3, the first vertical pattern 6 (see FIG. 3B), which is a diagonally downward slanting line pattern, is visually recognized.

  When the vertical lenticular 4 is viewed from below, that is, when the staff 3 is inclined backward (in a direction away from the level 1), the level 3 is collimated with the staff 3. The operator can visually recognize the second vertical pattern 7 (see FIG. 3C), which is a diagonally downward slanting pattern.

  The first vertical pattern 6 and the second vertical pattern 7 may be distinguished by color, for example, the first vertical pattern 6 is black and the second vertical pattern 7 is red. The first vertical pattern 6 and the second vertical pattern 7 may be patterns other than the hatched patterns shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, such as patterns or patterns that can be easily distinguished. Set as appropriate.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 1, the leveling using the said staff 3 of a present Example is demonstrated.

  First, the level 1 is installed at a predetermined point, the staff 3 is set up at a target point, and the surface on which the scale 3 is provided is opposed to the level 1.

  In this state, one worker collimates the horizontal direction toward the staff 3 with the level 1, and the other worker places the staff 3 in a predetermined angular width, for example, a width of about 10 ° to 20 °. Oscillate in the front-rear direction.

  One operator confirms that the vertical lenticular 4 changes from the first vertical pattern 6 to the second vertical pattern 7 or from the second vertical pattern 7 to the first vertical pattern 6.

  At this time, if the vertical lenticular 4 does not change with the first vertical pattern 6 or does not change with the second vertical pattern 7, one worker is visually recognized by the other worker. An instruction is given to tilt forward or tilt backward according to the pattern being used.

  When one worker confirms that the pattern of the vertical lenticular 4 changes, the operator reads the scale of the staff 3 with the smallest numerical value as the collimated height.

  Similarly, for the other target points, the level of the scale 3 with the minimum numerical value is read by the level 1 as the collimated height. The level difference between the two target points is obtained by obtaining the difference between the two collimated heights read, and the leveling is completed.

  In this embodiment, the vertical lenticular 4 is provided over the entire length in the height direction of the staff 3, and when tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight 5 and tilted backward, The pattern of the vertical lenticular 4 is changed between the first vertical pattern 6 and the second vertical pattern 7.

  Accordingly, it is possible to easily determine whether or not the measure 3 passes through a position perpendicular to the collimation line 5 when the measure 3 is swung. On the other hand, the measure 3 reliably passes through a position perpendicular to the scale, and the scale of the measure 3 is prevented from being misread, and an accurate collimation height can be detected.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the second embodiment, in addition to the vertical lenticular 4 on the surface facing the level 1 of the scale 3, the entire length in the height direction is also applied to the surface not facing the level 1, that is, the surface facing the other operator. A vertical lenticular 8 is provided. Since the structure of the vertical lenticular 8 is the same as that of the vertical lenticular 4, the description thereof is omitted.

  By providing the vertical lenticular 8, it is possible to determine whether or not the staff 3 has passed a position perpendicular to the line of sight 5 from the other operator. This eliminates the need to put out the scale 3, prevents misreading of the scale 3 and improves workability.

  In the second embodiment, the vertical lenticular 8 does not necessarily have to be provided over the entire length in the height direction of the staff 3, and the vertical lenticular 8 may be provided on a part of the staff 3. Good.

  For example, the vertical lenticular 8 may be formed in a removable sheet shape, and the vertical lenticular 8 may be attached in accordance with the height of the other worker's eye when performing leveling. Since the vertical lenticular 8 is provided at the height of the line of sight, the vertical lenticular 8 provided at the same height can always be seen, and the scale 3 is positioned perpendicular to the collimation line 5. It is possible to more accurately determine whether or not it has passed.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the third embodiment, in addition to the first vertical pattern 6 and the second vertical pattern 7 in addition to the vertical lenticular 4 in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. A third vertical pattern 9 is provided which is visually recognized when the reference line 5 is perpendicular to the line of sight 5. In the third embodiment, the colors of the first vertical pattern 6, the second vertical pattern 7, and the third vertical pattern 9 may change depending on the inclination.

  The third vertical pattern 9 having a different pattern from the first vertical pattern 6 and the second vertical pattern 7 is provided, so that the scale 3 has passed a position perpendicular to the collimation line 5. It is possible to more accurately determine whether or not workability can be improved.

  The third vertical pattern 9 may have a predetermined angular width, for example, a width of about 1 ° to 2 °, and the scale value when the third vertical pattern 9 is visually recognized may be read.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the fourth embodiment, an inclination direction determining member, for example, a horizontal lenticular 11 is provided on the staff 3 over the entire length in the horizontal direction. The horizontal lenticular 11 includes a case where the surface on which the scale 3 is provided is visually recognized from the right direction (below the paper surface in FIG. 6) with respect to the position orthogonal to the collimation line 5 and leftward It is a lenticular created so that the pattern (pattern) is different when viewed from the upper side of the paper surface in FIG.

  That is, when the staff 3 is rotated clockwise with respect to the vertical axis, a first horizontal pattern (not shown) is visually recognized, and the staff 3 is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the vertical axis. In the case of rotating in the direction, a second horizontal pattern (not shown) is visually recognized.

  During leveling, one operator collimates the staff 3, and the other worker rotates the staff 3 and observes the change in the horizontal pattern. It can be carried out.

  In the fourth embodiment, by providing the horizontal lenticular 11 on the staff 3, the influence of the rotation of the staff 3 on the plane perpendicular to the collimation line 5 can be removed, and the scale can be read more accurately. It can be performed.

  Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the fifth embodiment, vertical lenticulars 4 and horizontal lenticulars 11 are alternately provided in the height direction of the staff 3, and when the staff 3 is collimated by a level 1 (see FIG. 1), the vertical lenticular is measured. 4 and the horizontal lenticular 11 are visible at the same time.

  Therefore, one operator can check whether the staff 3 passes through a position perpendicular to the line of sight 5 (see FIG. 1) and the plane 3 is perpendicular to the line of sight 5. It is possible to simultaneously determine whether or not it is rotating, preventing erroneous reading of the scale, and improving workability.

  FIG. 7B shows a modification of the fifth embodiment.

  In this modification, a plurality of vertical horizontal lenticulars 12 in which the vertical lenticulars 4 and the horizontal lenticulars 11 are combined are provided in the height direction of the staff 3.

  By using the vertical horizontal lenticular 12 as the lenticular provided on the staff 3, only one lenticular can be visually recognized by one worker, and the workability can be further improved.

  Needless to say, the first to fifth embodiments described above may be implemented independently or a plurality of embodiments may be appropriately combined.

  In the first to fifth embodiments, a lenticular is used as the tilt direction determining member. However, other elements such as holograms can be used as long as the pattern (pattern) is changed depending on the collimation direction. There may be.

  Further, the scale itself may be an inclination direction determining member, and the scale 3 itself may be an inclination direction determining member.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Level 3 Standard 4 Vertical lenticular 5 Line of sight 6 1st vertical pattern 7 2nd vertical pattern 8 Vertical lenticular 9 3rd vertical pattern 11 Horizontal lenticular 12 Vertical horizontal lenticular

Claims (10)

A scale that is collimated by a spirit level, a first tilt direction determining member is provided on a surface facing the spirit level, and a second tilt direction determining member is provided on a surface opposite to the facing surface, Each of the first tilt direction determining member and the second tilt direction determining member is a scale that is configured so that the display changes in accordance with the tilt of the spirit level with respect to the collimation line. The first tilt direction determining member is a vertical lenticular, and when the vertical lenticular is tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized and is perpendicular to the line of sight. The scale according to claim 1, wherein the second vertical pattern is visually recognized when tilted rearward from an arbitrary position. The first tilt direction determination member is a vertical lenticular, and the vertical lenticular is configured to change a color displayed when tilted back and forth with respect to a position perpendicular to the line of sight. The stated measure.   The scale according to claim 2, wherein the vertical lenticular is further configured to have a third vertical pattern visually recognized when the vertical lenticular is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the line of sight. The first inclination direction determination member is a horizontal lenticular, and the first horizontal pattern is visually recognized when the horizontal lenticular is rotated clockwise with respect to a vertical axis from a plane orthogonal to the collimation line. The scale according to claim 1, wherein the second horizontal pattern is configured to be visually recognized when rotating counterclockwise with respect to a vertical axis from the plane.   2. The staff according to claim 1, wherein the first tilt direction determination member is provided between a numerical value drawn on the face facing the first numerical value. The first tilt direction determination member is a vertical lenticular and a horizontal lenticular, and when the vertical lenticular is tilted forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized and the line of sight is In contrast, the second vertical pattern is visible when tilted backward from a vertical position, and the horizontal lenticular rotates clockwise from the plane perpendicular to the line of sight to the vertical axis. The first horizontal pattern is visually recognized when it is, and the second horizontal pattern is visually recognized when it is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the vertical axis from the plane, and the surface facing the level 7. The staff according to claim 6 , wherein the vertical lenticular and the horizontal lenticular are alternately provided in the height direction. The first inclination direction determination member is a vertical horizontal lenticular, and when the vertical horizontal lenticular is inclined forward from a position perpendicular to the line of sight, the first vertical pattern is visually recognized, The second vertical pattern is visually recognized when tilted backward from the vertical position, and the first horizontal pattern is rotated clockwise from the plane perpendicular to the line of sight to the vertical axis. The scale according to claim 6 , wherein the second horizontal pattern is visually recognized when the pattern is visually recognized and rotated counterclockwise with respect to the vertical axis from the plane.   The said 2nd inclination direction judgment member is a removable sheet form provided in a part of said surface of the other side, and it was comprised so that it might be affixed according to the height of a line of sight. The scale of any one of them.   A leveling method for collimating the scale according to any one of claims 1 to 9 with a level and reading a collimated height, wherein the level is horizontally directed toward the scale. In the state of collimation, the scale is swung back and forth with a predetermined angular width so that the display of the first inclination direction determination member changes, and the scale on which the numerical value drawn on the scale is the minimum is collimated height Leveling method to read as.

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