JP6553434B2 - Rail polishing method and rail polishing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rail polishing technique for polishing a rail, and more particularly to a technique effectively applied to a rail polishing apparatus and a polishing method for polishing a top surface of a rail using a grindstone while traveling on the rail.

In a railway track laid in a mountainous area, a phenomenon in which a wheel of a running train runs idle often occurs due to fallen leaves attached to the upper surface of the rail, causing a transport failure. Therefore, a device for removing fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail is desired.
However, since the fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail are stuck on the rail surface by being crushed by the wheels, it is not easy to remove. Therefore, the present inventors have made a prototype of an apparatus that removes fallen leaves by rotating a non-woven fabric formed into a disk shape, and examined it.

However, when the nonwoven fabric is molded into a disk shape, if it continues to rotate while pressing against the rail surface for a long time, the central opening through which the shaft is inserted is deformed, and there is a problem that it can not be rotated normally. Became clear.
In addition, because the idle surface of the train wheel traveling on the rail causes many idling scratches on the upper surface of the rail, it is thought that it would be better to grind the rail surface at the same time as removing fallen leaves As a result of trial manufacture of a device that removes the fallen leaves using a test and testing, it has been found that the grindstone may be idle and the desired effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, in order to prevent the grindstone from spinning around, as shown in FIG. 5, when a pin 45 penetrating the grindstone 14 is provided, it has been clarified that there is a problem that the grindstone easily breaks due to repeated loads.

JP-A-9-125302 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-245852

Examples of the invention relating to the rail polishing apparatus include those disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
Among them, Patent Document 1 discloses a rail polishing apparatus configured to rotatably attach a grindstone to a tip of a peristaltable support arm and to transmit rotation of an engine via a V-belt and a transmission shaft. .
However, the rail polishing apparatus of Patent Document 1 is configured for the purpose of uniformly and reliably removing rust on the upper surface of the rail head, and the grindstone at the tip of the support arm is continuously applied to the tread surface of the rail during work. It is configured to rotate in a pressed state. Therefore, when it is used to remove fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail, there is a problem that the rail is polished more than necessary.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a rail polishing apparatus configured to press an endless grinding belt flatly against the top surface of the rail head, but the rail polishing apparatus of Patent Document 2 also has a rail head In addition to being configured to remove rust on the top surface, an endless grinding belt is used, so that there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a rail polishing method and a rail polishing apparatus suitable for removing fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail. It is in.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a rail polishing method and a rail polishing apparatus suitable for polishing a rail having a sloping track laid in a mountainous area or the like.

The rail polishing apparatus according to the present invention achieves the above object,
A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of arms each having rotatable whetstones at its tip, and a pair of arms provided vertically movably with respect to the carriage corresponding to a pair of rails to be polished;
A rotation transmitting means capable of transmitting a rotational driving force of a driving means mounted on the carriage to a shaft supporting the grindstone;
A rail polishing apparatus comprising:
The rotation transmission means is
A first sprocket provided on a shaft serving as a rotation center of the arm, and a second sprocket provided on a rotation shaft for rotating the grinding wheel;
An endless chain wound around the first sprocket and the second sprocket;
A third sprocket meshed in the middle of the endless chain and biased in a direction to eliminate the slack of the chain .

According to the rail polishing apparatus having the above-described configuration, the surface of the rail is polished by the grindstone, so that deposits such as fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail can be reliably removed. In addition, even if the arm having a grindstone at its tip is caused to swing and the grindstone contacts and leaves the surface of the rail repeatedly, it is possible to prevent the chain from becoming slack, so breakage of the chain due to repeated load can be prevented. Can be prevented .
Furthermore, by setting the weight of the tip of the grinding wheel or arm appropriately, it is possible to automatically bounce the grinding wheel by the rotation of the grinding wheel during traveling, which is effective in preventing the rolling of the train wheels on the surface of the rail. Can be formed at a predetermined pitch.

Here, desirably, the whetstone includes a disk-like whetstone main body, and a receiving plate joined to at least one side surface of the whetstone main body,
One or more recesses are formed on the surface of the grinding wheel body to which the receiving plate is joined,
The receiving plate is provided with a protrusion engageable with the recess of the grinding wheel main body .
According to this configuration, the recess is formed on the side surface of the grinding wheel main body, and the projection is provided on the receiving plate, so that the grinding wheel idles relative to the grinding wheel shaft due to the engagement of the recess and the projection In addition to being able to prevent, it is possible to avoid cracks and cracks in the grindstone even if the grindstone bounces and an impact force is applied repeatedly.

Preferably, the operating portion projects upward of the carriage, and the pair of arms are in a state in which the grindstone contacts the surface of the work target rail and a state in which the grindstone is separated from the surface of the work target rail It comprises so that the control lever for making it convert, and the link mechanism which converts movement of the said control lever into rotation of a pair of said arms.
According to this configuration, by operating the operation lever while the worker is on the carriage, the operation of lowering the grindstone through the arm and contacting the rail or lifting the grindstone away from the rail is facilitated. Can be performed, and work efficiency can be improved.

The rail polishing method according to the present invention achieves the above object by
A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of support rods each having a rotatable grindstone at its tip and vertically movable at the lower part of the carriage;
Driving means for generating a driving force for rotating the grindstone;
A rail polishing method for polishing the upper surface of a rail by a rail polishing apparatus comprising:
The pressing force toward the top surface of the rail of the grinding wheel is periodically changed while transmitting the rotational driving force of the driving means to the grinding wheel to rotate the grinding wheel, so that the width of the grinding portion is not on the upper surface of the rail Polishing was performed so that grinding marks wider than the ground portion appeared at substantially the same pitch.

In addition, the other rail polishing method according to the present invention,
A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of support rods each having a grindstone rotatable at the tip and provided at the bottom of the carriage so as to be movable up and down;
Driving means for generating a driving force for rotating the grindstone;
A rail polishing method for polishing the upper surface of a rail by a rail polishing apparatus comprising:
While rotating the grinding wheel by transmitting the rotational driving force of the driving means to the grinding wheel, the pressing force of the grinding wheel toward the top surface of the rail is periodically changed to four minutes of the width of the rail on the upper surface of the rail Grinding marks appear at a pitch of 1 or less.

  According to the above-described rail polishing method, polishing marks of a predetermined pitch are formed on the surface of the rail after polishing, and therefore, when used for polishing rails on a track with a slope, running train wheels idle. Can be effectively prevented to reduce the occurrence of transport problems. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of idling scratches on the upper surface of the rail due to idling of the wheels.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to remove fallen leaves adhering to the upper surface of the rail, and to provide a rail polishing method and a rail polishing apparatus suitable for polishing the rail of a sloped track laid in mountain areas or the like. It can be realized.

It is a side view showing one embodiment of a rail polisher concerning the present invention. It is a top view which shows the state which cut | disconnected the rail grinding | polishing apparatus of FIG. 1 in the lower surface of a trolley | bogie, and was seen from upper direction. They are an explanatory view showing relation between a transmitting axis and a grinding wheel axis in a rail polisher of an embodiment, and an enlarged side view showing composition of an arm part which supports a grinding wheel. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the grindstone used for the rail grinding | polishing apparatus of embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the grindstone used for the rail grinding | polishing apparatus examined prior to this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of the grinding mark formed in the rail surface by the rail grinding | polishing method which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a rail polishing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a rail polishing apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the main part.
The rail polishing apparatus 10 according to this embodiment includes a carriage 11 having a rectangular shape in a plan view, a pair of front wheels 12A and 12B provided on the lower surface of the carriage 11 and rolling on a pair of rails, and a pair of rear wheels 12C and 12D. And a disc-shaped grindstone 14A, 14B rotatably supported by a pair of vertically movable arms 13A, 13B provided substantially at the center of the lower surface of the carriage 11. The arms 13A, 13B and the grinding wheels 14A, 14B are provided at positions corresponding to a pair of rails laid on the track.

  On the carriage 11, an engine 15 for traveling drive is mounted on the front side in the traveling direction, and on the rear side, a chair 16 for a worker to sit on is provided. Further, at approximately the center of the carriage 11, a handle bar 17 to which a worker applies a hand during traveling, a pair of support pillars 18 which support the handle bar 17 on the left and right, and a grindstone 14A via arms 13A and 13B , And 14B are provided to lower and raise the control lever 19 and the like. In FIG. 1, the solid line indicates the position of the operation lever 19 when the grinding wheels 14A and 14B are lowered, and the solid line indicates the position of the operation lever 19 when the grinding wheels 14A and 14B are raised.

Between the operation lever 19 and the arms 13A, 13B, a lever 20a having a fulcrum on the upper surface of the carriage, a lever 20b having a fulcrum at the approximate center of the operation lever 19, the tip of the lever 20a and the tip of the arm 13A (13B) The link mechanism 20 which consists of the connection lever 20c etc. which connect a side is provided. One end of the connection lever 20c is coupled to the outer peripheral portion of a semicircular cover member 21A (21B) formed to cover the upper half of the grindstone 14A (13B).
At the same time, a lock lever 19A is provided at the upper end of the operation lever 19 to lock or release the lock. When the operation lever 19 is pulled forward by grasping the lock lever 19A, the link mechanism 20 is used. When the grindstones 14A and 14B are lowered and the lock lever 19A is gripped to push the control lever 19 forward, the grindstones 14A and 14B are lifted via the link mechanism 20.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the rail polishing apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 is cut from the lower surface of the carriage 11 and viewed from above. In FIG. 2, the upper side is the front in the direction of travel.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 </ b> A denotes a frame (cart frame) of the carriage 11, and the frame 11 </ b> A is provided with a pair of front and rear axles 22 </ b> A and 22 </ b> B so as to penetrate in the left-right direction. The front wheels 12A and 12B are mounted on both ends of the axle 22A, and the rear wheels 12C and 12D are mounted on both ends of the axle 22B.
The frame 11A of the carriage 11 has a grindstone shaft 23 with the grindstones 14A and 14B mounted on both ends, and a transmission shaft 24 for transmitting the rotational driving force of the engine 15 to the axles 22A and 22B and the grindstone shaft 23. Are provided parallel to the axles 22A, 22B. The transmission shaft 24 is configured to be the peristaltic center of the arms 13A and 13B.

  Further, sprockets 25A, 25B are provided on the grinding wheel shaft 23, sprockets 26A, 26B and 26C, 26D are provided on the transmission shaft 24, and sprockets 27A, 27B are provided on the axles 22A, 22B. An endless chain 29A is wound between the sprocket 26C of the transmission shaft 24 and the sprocket 28A mounted on the rotation shaft 15A of the engine 15. Endless chains 30A and 30B are wound between the sprockets 25A and 25B of the grinding wheel shaft 23 and the sprockets 26A and 26B of the transmission shaft 24, and the sprocket 26D of the transmission shaft 24, the sprocket 27A of the axle 22A, and the intermediate sprocket 31A. And an endless chain 29C is wound between an intermediate sprocket 31B coaxial with the intermediate sprocket 31A and a sprocket 27B of the axle 22B.

As described above, the rotational force of the engine 15 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 24 by the endless chain 29A, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 24 is transmitted to the axles 22A and 22B by the chains 29B and 29C and to the grinding wheel shaft 23 by the chains 30A and 30B. By being transmitted to each, it is comprised so that the rotation speed of grindstone 14A, 14B and the rotation speed of wheels 12A-12D may have a proportional relationship.
FIG. 3A shows the relationship between the transmission shaft 24 and the grinding wheel shaft 23 in the configuration shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the transmission shaft 24 is provided with sprockets 26A, 26B and 26C, 26D, and the grindstone shaft 23 is provided with sprockets 25A, 25B. An endless chain 29A is wound between the sprocket 26C of the transmission shaft 24 and the sprocket 28A on the engine 15 side. Further, endless chains 30A and 30B are wound between the sprockets 25A and 25B of the grinding wheel shaft 23 and the sprockets 26A and 26B of the transmission shaft 24, respectively.

3B shows details of the configuration of the transmission shaft 24, the grindstone shaft 23, the swingable arm 13A, the grindstone 14A, the chain 30A, and the like.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the endless chain 30A wound around the sprocket 26A of the transmission shaft 24 and the sprocket 25A of the grinding wheel shaft 23 is attached to the lower surface of the frame 11A of the carriage 11 and tension is applied to the chain 30A. Is provided.

More specifically, a U-shaped locking piece 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the frame 11A of the carriage 11, and the small arm 34 is rotatably supported by the shaft 33 on the locking piece 32. A sprocket 36 meshing with the chain 30A from above is rotatably mounted on the tip of the chain 30A by a shaft 35. Although not shown, a torsion spring (torsion spring) for biasing the small arm 34 clockwise in the figure is inserted in the shaft 33, and the restoring force of this spring presses the sprocket 36 against the chain 30A to make the chain It is configured not to cause the 30A to sag.
The arm 13B, the grindstone 14B, and the like provided on the opposite side of the carriage also have the same configuration, and thus the illustration and the description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a specific example of the grindstone 14 (14A, 14B) used in the rail polishing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment will be described using FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the grindstone 14 used in the present embodiment is a grindstone main body 41 having a disk shape with a flat outer peripheral surface, and a circular steel joined to one surface of the grindstone main body 41. The receiving plate 42 is constituted. As shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D, holes 41a and 42a through which the end of the grinding wheel shaft 23 can be inserted are formed in the grinding wheel main body 41 and the receiving plate 42. The receiving plate 42 is formed with two locking holes 42b into which the protrusions 43 having the semicircular spherical head 43a and the screw 43b can be screwed.

On the other hand, on the side surface of the grindstone main body 41, at a position corresponding to the locking hole 42b of the receiving plate 42, an engagement recess 41b is provided, with which the head 43a of the projection 43 can be engaged. As a result, when the grindstone 14 is attached to the end of the grindstone shaft 23 and rotated, the grindstone main body 41 and the receiving plate 42 are integrally rotated, and the grindstone main body 41 is rotated by the frictional resistance during grinding. It is possible to prevent idling.
In addition, in order to reliably prevent idling, the present inventors initially performed a work using a stopper pin 45 penetrating the grindstone as shown in FIG. Although cracking occurred, it could be confirmed that cracking can be prevented by using a whetstone having a configuration as shown in FIG.

The number of the projections 43 and the engagement concave portions 41b that can be engaged with the projections 43 is not limited to two, and may be three or four. Further, the receiving plate 42 may be configured to be joined not only to one surface of the grinding wheel main body 41 but also to both surfaces.
Further, the method of mounting the grinding wheel 14 to the end of the grinding wheel shaft 23 in the present embodiment can be the same as that shown in FIG. That is, a male screw part is provided at the end of the grindstone shaft 23, and the holes 41a and 42a of the grindstone main body 41 and the receiving plate 42 are inserted into the end of the grindstone shaft 23, and then the butterfly is inserted into the male screw part. It may be fixed by screwing and tightening the nut 46.

Next, how to polish the rail using the rail polishing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment and the operation of the grindstone and the arms 13A and 13B for supporting the same will be described with reference to FIG.
When working with the rail polishing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the engine 15 is started and the carriage 11 is slowly traveled to rotate the grindstone in a state where the wheels 12A to 12D are placed on the rail In this state, the lock lever 19A is grasped to release the lock, and the operation lever 19 is pulled forward.

Then, the tips of the arms 13A and 13B are lowered by the weight of the grindstones 14A and 14B, and the grindstones 14A and 14B come in contact with the top surface of the rail to rotate the grindstone to remove deposits on the upper surface of the rail. Grind a little. At this time, the surface of the rotating grindstone collides with the upper surface of the rail to generate a repulsive force, and the repulsive force acts to lift the grindstone to cause the arm to swing. Then, the tip of the arm is lowered again by the weight of the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel contacts the top surface of the rail to remove deposits on the top surface of the rail and grinds the top surface slightly.
In the rail polishing apparatus of the present embodiment, as described above, the weight of the grindstone is changed so that the pressure (pressing force) at which the grindstone contacts the rail upper surface periodically changes as the grindstone repeatedly bounces during work. Has been adjusted.

  More specifically, when the grindstone is strongly pressed against the rail upper surface, grinding marks are formed on the rail upper surface, but the grinding marks are formed at about W0 / 4 pitch with respect to the width W0 of the rail. The weight of the adjusted. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, grinding marks AT appear with an approximately equal pitch on the upper surface of the rail R with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rail, with the width of the grinding portion slightly wider than that of the non-grinding portion. did it. By forming such periodic grinding marks AT on the upper surface of the rail R, it is possible to effectively prevent the wheels of the train running on the rails of the inclined track laid in the mountain area etc from idling. Can. In the test conducted by the present inventors using the grindstone configured as described above, no crack or crack was generated in the grindstone.

Furthermore, as described above, when the wheel repeatedly bounces and the pressure for contacting the rail upper surface periodically changes, the tension of the chain 30A for transmitting the rotation of the transmission shaft 24 to the wheel shaft 23 also largely fluctuates. If the chain is temporarily slackened or a large tension is applied, the chain may be broken.
However, in the rail polishing apparatus of the present embodiment, since the sprocket 36 for applying tension is engaged in the middle of the chain 30A for transmitting the rotation of the transmission shaft 24 to the grinding wheel shaft 23, tension is applied when the chain is loosened. The sprocket 36 is moved so as not to cause slack in the chain 30A. As a result, it is possible to prevent the tension of the chain 30A from largely fluctuating and to prevent the chain from being repeatedly damaged.

The pitch of grinding marks AT formed on the upper surface of the rail is not limited to W0 / 4. For example, the pitch may be formed to be W0 / 4 or less, or the width of the ground portion in the longitudinal direction of the rail Where W1 is the width of the non-ground portion and W2 is the width of the non-grind portion, it may be formed so as to satisfy W2 ≦ W1 and W1 <W0.
In addition to the weight, the grinding wheel conditions necessary to form grinding marks that satisfy the above conditions vary depending on the grinding wheel diameter and rotation speed, the traveling speed of the carriage, and the arm length. The weight of the grinding wheel may be appropriately determined in accordance with the parameters of. Instead of adjusting the weight of the grinding wheel, a weight serving as a weight may be attached to the tip of the arms 13A and 13B or the grinding wheel shaft 23.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, in the rail polishing apparatus according to the above-described embodiment, the swingable arms 13A and 13B having the grindstones 14A and 14B at the tip end are configured to have the swinging center in the forward direction of travel of the carriage 11. However, the arms 13A and 13B may be configured to have a center of oscillation at the rear in the direction of travel of the carriage 11. Also, although one engine has been described that is configured to rotate both the traveling drive wheel and the grinding wheel, it may be configured to be rotationally driven by a separate engine or motor.

Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the chain is used for transmission of rotational force, you may make it use a V belt.
Further, in the above embodiment, the whetstones are provided at the tips of the arms 13A and 13B which can be moved, but the whetstones are provided at the tips of the arms (rods) supported so as to be vertically movable. Also good.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where grinding is performed intermittently so that the whetstone repeats bouncing and contacts the upper surface of the rail has been described, but in the rail polishing apparatus of the above embodiment, the weight and rotational speed of the whetstone, etc. It is also possible to use it as a normal polishing apparatus by operating to perform grinding or polishing continuously while keeping the contact pressure substantially constant by changing.
For example, the grinding may be performed intermittently as described above in the section in which the track is inclined, and the grinding may be performed continuously in the section in which the track is flat. Such switching of the working method can be realized, for example, by replacing the grinding wheel or by detachably configuring a weight attached to the grinding wheel shaft or the tip of the arm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rail grinding | polishing apparatus 11 Car 11A Car frame 12A, 12B Front wheel 12C, 12D Rear wheel 13A, 13B Sliding arm 14A, 14B Grinding wheel 15 Engine 17 Handlebar 18 Post 19 Operation lever 20 Link mechanism 25A, 26A Sprocket 30A Chain 41 Grinding wheel body 41b Engaging recess 42 Receiving plate 43 Projection for preventing idle rotation

Claims (5)

A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of arms each having rotatable whetstones at its tip, and a pair of arms provided vertically movably with respect to the carriage corresponding to a pair of rails to be polished;
A rotation transmitting means capable of transmitting a rotational driving force of a driving means mounted on the carriage to a shaft supporting the grindstone;
A rail polishing apparatus comprising:
The rotation transmission means is
A first sprocket provided on a shaft serving as a rotation center of the arm, and a second sprocket provided on a rotation shaft for rotating the grinding wheel;
An endless chain wound around the first sprocket and the second sprocket;
A third sprocket engaged in the middle of the endless chain so as to eliminate slack in the chain;
Rail grinding apparatus comprising: a. The whetstone includes a disc-like whetstone main body and a receiving plate joined to at least one side surface of the whetstone main body,
One or more recesses are formed on the surface of the grinding wheel body to which the receiving plate is joined,
The rail polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiving plate is provided with a protrusion engageable with the concave portion of the grinding wheel main body . The operation part is projected to the upper side of the carriage, and the operation for converting the pair of arms into a state in which the whetstone contacts the surface of the work target rail and a state in which the whetstone separates from the surface of the work target rail Lever,
A link mechanism for converting movement of the operation lever into rotation of the pair of arms;
The rail polishing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of support rods each having a rotatable grindstone at its tip and vertically movable at the lower part of the carriage;
Driving means for generating a driving force for rotating the grindstone;
A rail polishing method for polishing the upper surface of a rail by a rail polishing apparatus comprising:
The pressing force toward the top surface of the rail of the grinding wheel is periodically changed while transmitting the rotational driving force of the driving means to the grinding wheel to rotate the grinding wheel, so that the width of the grinding portion is not on the upper surface of the rail A rail polishing method comprising polishing so that grinding marks wider than a ground portion appear at substantially equal pitches. A dolly with a plurality of wheels movable along the rails at the bottom,
A pair of support rods each having a rotatable grindstone at its tip and vertically movable at the lower part of the carriage;
Driving means for generating a driving force for rotating the grindstone;
A rail polishing method for polishing the upper surface of a rail by a rail polishing apparatus comprising:
While rotating the grinding wheel by transmitting the rotational driving force of the driving means to the grinding wheel, the pressing force of the grinding wheel toward the top surface of the rail is periodically changed to four minutes of the width of the rail on the upper surface of the rail A rail polishing method characterized by polishing so that a grinding mark may appear at a pitch of 1 or less.

Images