JP6539154B2 - Pneumatic tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic tool. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tool capable of rotating a bit holder forward and reverse.

  In a pneumatic tool for attaching a tip tool bit to a bit holder and rotationally driving the tip tool bit to perform various operations, the rotational drive of the tip tool bit may be switched from normal rotation to reverse rotation depending on the work content, It is required to switch from reverse rotation to normal rotation. For example, if the tip tool bit is a tap for threading and the pneumatic tool is a tapping device, first rotate the tap forward to perform threading on the pilot hole, and screw to a predetermined position on the pilot hole. Wherever done, it is necessary to reverse the tap and pull the tap out of the threaded hole. Alternatively, if the tip tool bit is a woodworking drill and the pneumatic tool is a woodworking drilling device, the woodworking drill is rotated forward to perform hole drilling, and then the wood drilling drill is reversed and the hole is drilled. It is convenient because the woodworking drill can be easily pulled out.

  Therefore, various pneumatic tools capable of switching between forward rotation and reverse rotation have been developed. For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, many of the conventional pneumatic tools are air motors by rotating an operating sleeve rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing around the longitudinal axis of the tool housing. The flow path of the compressed air supplied to is switched to switch between normal rotation and reverse rotation of the bit holder.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-175585

  It is common for machining using pneumatic tools that the tool advances with respect to the workpiece when rotating a tip tool bit such as a tap, etc. and that the tool retracts when reversing it. . However, the operation to rotate the operation sleeve relative to the tool housing as in the above-mentioned conventional pneumatic tool does not match the forward / backward direction of the tool and the operation direction, and either of them is used when switching the rotation direction It is difficult to intuitively understand whether the operating sleeve should be rotated in the direction of. Therefore, there is a case where the rotation direction is erroneously rotated in the opposite direction to the intended direction, or the switching operation of the rotation direction is delayed.

  Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention makes switching between normal rotation and reverse rotation such that the operation direction of the operation sleeve for switching between normal rotation and reverse rotation matches the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tool housing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic tool capable of improving the operability of the

That is, the present invention
A tool housing having a front end and a rear end and a longitudinally extending longitudinal axis, the tool housing having an air supply port for receiving compressed air supplied from an external compressed air supply source;
An air motor provided in the tool housing and driven by compressed air supplied from the air supply port, the air motor having a first supply / discharge port and a second supply / discharge port, wherein compression is performed from the first supply / discharge port. An air motor that is reversely driven by introducing air, and is forwardly driven by introducing compressed air from the second supply and exhaust port;
A bit holder capable of holding a tip tool bit, provided at the front end of the tool housing and rotationally driven by the air motor;
An operating sleeve mounted on the tool housing so as to be displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and selectively switching between the air supply port and one of the first and second supply and exhaust ports. A reverse drive position where the air supply port and the first supply / exhaust port communicate with each other by the switching flow path, and is located forward of the reverse drive position, and the air supply is supplied by the switching flow path. An operation sleeve which is displaceable between a normal rotation drive position in which the mouth and the second air supply and discharge port communicate with each other;
Providing a pneumatic tool comprising:

  In the pneumatic tool, the displacement direction of the operation sleeve is the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tool housing, and the forward rotation drive position is located forward of the reverse drive position, that is, on the bit holder side. The moving direction of the pneumatic tool at the time of operation coincides with the operating direction of the operating sleeve. Therefore, intuitive operation is possible. This prevents accidental rotation in the direction opposite to the intended direction or delay in the switching operation of the rotational direction, and improves operability as compared to rotating the conventional operation sleeve. It becomes possible.

  Preferably, there may be further provided a spring which is set between the tool housing and the operation sleeve and presses the operation sleeve to the reverse drive position.

In particular,
The tool housing includes an air exhaust port for exhausting the compressed air exhausted from the air motor to the outside, a first opening in communication with the air supply port and opening on the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing, (1) A second opening communicating with the air supply and exhaust port and opening to the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing; a third opening communicating with the second air supply and exhaust port and opening to the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing; And a fourth opening communicating with the exhaust port and opening in the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing;
A first switching channel for communicating the first opening with the second opening when the operating sleeve is in the reverse driving position; and when the operating sleeve is in the reverse driving position. A second switching flow path connecting the third opening and the fourth opening, and a third switching flow connecting the first opening and the third opening when the operation sleeve is in the forward rotation driving position. It is possible to have a path and a fourth switching channel that brings the second opening into communication with the fourth opening when the operating sleeve is in the forward rotation driving position.

More specifically,
The operation sleeve is a cylindrical member which covers the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing and slides on the outer peripheral surface;
The first to fourth openings are formed in a portion covered by the operation sleeve on an outer peripheral surface of the tool housing,
The first to fourth switching flow paths can be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the operation sleeve.

More specifically,
The first to fourth openings are arranged in circumferential alignment of the tool housing,
The first and second switching channels are arranged in alignment in the circumferential direction of the operation sleeve,
The third and fourth switching channels are arranged in alignment in the circumferential direction of the operation sleeve at a position different from the first and second switching channels in the direction of the longitudinal axis. Can.

  Preferably, the operating sleeve is non-rotatable about the longitudinal axis with respect to the tool housing, and the outer peripheral surface of the operating sleeve is a gripping portion gripped by an operator when using the pneumatic tool. Can be

  In particular, the tip tool bit can be a tap and the pneumatic tool can be a tapping device.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pneumatic tool according to the present invention will be described based on the attached drawings.

It is sectional drawing of the pneumatic tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure when an operation sleeve is in a reverse rotation driving position. It is a figure when the operation sleeve of the pneumatic tool of FIG. 1 exists in a normal rotation drive position. It is sectional drawing in the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing in the IV-IV line of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. It is a front view of the inner member of the operation sleeve. It is sectional drawing in the VIII-VIII line of FIG. 1, and a start switch is in a stop position, It is a figure when a flow-path switching member exists in a normal drive position. It is a figure when the starting switch of FIG. 8 is made into a drive position, and a flow-path switching member exists in an air injection position.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pneumatic tool 1 according to the present invention has a tool housing 30 having a front end 31 and a rear end 32 and a longitudinal axis L extending in the longitudinal direction thereof, and an air motor 20 provided in the tool housing 30. A bit holder 48 provided at the front end 31 of the tool housing 30 and an operating sleeve 50 mounted displaceably in the direction of the longitudinal axis L on the tool housing 30. In the bit holder 48, various tip tool bits (not shown) such as a tap and a woodworking drill are removably attached and held. The air motor 20 and the bit holder 48 are drivingly connected via a reduction gear 68 having a planetary gear mechanism and a clutch mechanism 70 described later. The rear end 32 of the tool housing 30 is provided with an air supply port 34 for receiving compressed air supplied from an external compressed air supply source (not shown), and the air supply port 34 has compressed air from the compressed air supply source. A start switch 10 is attached to switch between the introduction of the switch and its stop. As will be described later, in the state where the activation switch 10 is in the activation position (FIG. 1), the air motor 20 is driven in reverse by setting the operation sleeve 50 in the reverse rotation position (FIG. 1). The holder 48 is reversely rotated (counterclockwise as viewed from the rear end), and the operation sleeve 50 is displaced forward (downwardly in the figure) to be in the forward rotation driving position (FIG. 2) to rotate the air motor 20 forwardly. The bit holder 48 is driven to rotate normally (clockwise as viewed from the rear end side).

  The start switch 10 has a cylindrical start sleeve 12 which can be displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis L, and the start sleeve 12 is moved forward from the stop position (FIG. 8) to the start position (FIG. 1). The connection port 14 of the switch 10 and the air supply port 34 of the tool housing 30 are in communication via the cylindrical connection channel 16 of the start sleeve 12, and compressed air is supplied into the tool housing 30. The compressed air supplied into the tool housing 30 is guided to the air motor 20 to rotate the air motor 20.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the air motor 20 is a vane type in which four vanes 22 are radially slidably inserted in the rotor 21. The air motor 20 has a first inlet / outlet 24 and a second inlet / outlet 25. When the compressed air is introduced from the first inlet / outlet 24, the rotor 21 is reversed (FIG. 4). The rotor 21 is normally rotated (FIG. 6) by being introduced from the two air supply and discharge port 25. When the rotor 21 is reversely rotated, the compressed air in which the rotor 21 is rotated is exhausted from the second supply / discharge port 25. When the rotor 21 is rotated in the normal direction, the compressed air which is rotated in the rotor 21 is the first supply. The air is exhausted from the exhaust port 24.

  The tool housing 30, as shown in FIG. 1, extends from the air supply port 34 provided at the rear end 32 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L forwardly to the air supply path 35 extending radially outward from the middle An air exhaust passage 37 extends forward in the direction of the longitudinal axis L from an air exhaust 36 provided at the end 32. The tool housing 30 also extends from the cross sectional position of FIG. 3 to the cross sectional position of FIG. 4 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L and is connected to the first air supply / discharge port 24 of the air motor 20; Similarly, it has a second air supply / exhaust passage 39 which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis L from the cross sectional position of FIG. 3 to the cross sectional position of FIG. The tool housing 30 further includes first to fourth openings 41 to 44 respectively opened on the outer peripheral surface 46 thereof, the first opening 41 communicating with the air supply port 34 via the air supply passage 35. And a second opening 42 communicating with the first air supply / discharge port 24 of the air motor 20 via the first air supply / discharge path 38, and a second air supply / discharge port 25 for the air motor 20 via the second air supply / discharge path 39. It has a third opening 43 in communication and two fourth openings 44 in communication with the air exhaust port 36 via the air exhaust passage 37. The first to fourth openings 41 to 44 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tool housing 30 at the cross-sectional position of FIG. 4 on the outer peripheral surface 46 of the tool housing 30 covered by the operation sleeve 50.

  The operation sleeve 50 comprises a cylindrical inner member 52 and an outer member 54. The inner member 52 sealingly engages the outer peripheral surface 46 of the tool housing 30 via three O-rings 55. The outer member 54 is disposed to cover the inner member 52 and holds the inner member 52 fixedly. As shown in FIG. 8, two pins 56 are fitted on the outer peripheral surface 46 of the tool housing 30, and the inner peripheral surface 58 of the outer member 54 extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis L for receiving the pins 56. An existing pin sliding groove 59 is formed. Each pin 56 is inserted in the corresponding pin slide groove 59 and made slidable in the direction of the longitudinal axis L, whereby the operating sleeve 50 is displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis L with respect to the tool housing 30 There is no rotation in the circumferential direction. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface 60 of the outer side member 54 is the holding part 60 which an operator grasps at the time of work. The pneumatic tool 1 receives a reaction in the rotational direction from the tip tool bit at the time of operation, but since the operation sleeve 50 is non-rotatably attached to the tool housing 30, the operator can use the outer circumferential surface 60 of the operation sleeve 50. By holding the pneumatic tool 1, the tool housing 30 can be held so as not to rotate. That is, in the pneumatic tool 1, work can be performed by gripping the outer peripheral surface (gripping portion) 60 of the operation sleeve 50.

  In the inner member 52 of the operation sleeve 50, as shown in FIG. 7, an elongated hole shaped first switching channel 61, a second switching channel 62, a third switching channel 63, and the like extending in the circumferential direction, respectively When the fourth switching channel 64 is formed and the inner member 52 is fixed to the outer member 54, the first to fourth inner circumferential surfaces 58 of the operation sleeve 50 including the inner member 52 and the outer member 54 are formed. The switching flow channels 61-64 are positioned. The first switching flow channel 61 and the second switching flow channel 62 are arranged in alignment in the circumferential direction of the operation sleeve 50, and the third switching flow channel 63 and the fourth switching flow channel 64 are the first The switching flow channel 61 and the second switching flow channel 62 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the operation sleeve 50 at different positions in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. When the operation sleeve 50 is in the reverse rotation drive position (FIGS. 1 and 3), the first switching channel 61 and the second switching channel 62 have the same cross section as the first to fourth openings 41-44 (FIG. 3). ), The first opening 41 and the second opening 42 communicate with each other by the first switching channel 61, and the third opening 43 and the fourth opening 44 communicate with each other by the second switching channel 62. . Therefore, the air supply port 34 and the first supply / discharge port 24 of the air motor 20 are selectively communicated, and the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 is indicated by the arrow A in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. As shown, it passes through the air supply passage 35 to the first opening 41 (FIG. 1), passes through the first switching passage 61, the second opening 42, and the first air supply / exhaust passage 38 (FIG. 3), It is introduced into the air motor 20 from the first air supply / exhaust port 24 of the air motor 20 (FIG. 4). The compressed air introduced into the air motor 20 causes the rotor 21 to rotate in the reverse direction (counterclockwise as viewed in FIG. 4) and is exhausted from the second air supply / exhaust passage 39 (FIG. 4). The air passes through the three openings 43, the second switching flow passage 62, and the fourth opening 44 to reach the air exhaust path 37 (FIG. 3), and is exhausted to the outside of the pneumatic tool 1 from the air exhaust port 36 (FIG. 1) ). When the operation sleeve 50 is in the forward rotation drive position (FIGS. 2 and 5), the third switching passage 63 and the fourth switching passage 64 have the same cross section as the first to fourth openings 41 to 44 (FIG. 5) A state where the first opening 41 and the third opening 43 communicate with each other by the third switching flow path 63 and the second opening 42 and the fourth opening 44 communicate with each other by the fourth switching flow path 64 Become. Therefore, the air supply port 34 and the second supply / discharge port 25 of the air motor 20 are selectively communicated, and the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 is indicated by the arrow B in FIGS. 2, 5 and 6. As shown, it reaches the first opening 41 through the air supply passage 35 (FIG. 2), passes through the third switching passage 63, the third opening 43, and the second air supply / exhaust passage 39 (FIG. 5), The air is introduced into the air motor 20 from the second air supply / discharge port 25 of the air motor 20 (FIG. 6). The compressed air introduced into the air motor 20 causes the rotor 21 to rotate forward (clockwise as viewed in FIG. 6) and is exhausted from the first air supply / exhaust passage 38 (FIG. 6). The air passes through the second opening 42, the fourth switching flow path 64, and the fourth opening 44 to reach the air exhaust path 37 (FIG. 5), and is exhausted to the outside of the pneumatic tool 1 from the air exhaust port 36 (FIG. 2) ).

  A spring 66 is set between the operating sleeve 50 and the tool housing 30, and the operating sleeve 50 is pressed by the spring 66 into the reverse drive position. Even when the pneumatic tool 1 is turned upside down while holding the operation sleeve 50, the pressure of the spring 66 causes the weight of the tool housing 30 etc. so that the operation sleeve 50 is not displaced to the normal rotation drive position and reverse rotation drive It is set to be large enough to be held in position. Therefore, in a state in which the pneumatic tool 1 holds the operation sleeve 50, the operation sleeve 50 is in the reverse rotation drive position in a state where the tip tool bit is not pressed against the processing object or the like in any direction. The forward rotation driving position is set only when the tip tool bit is pressed against the processing object with a certain amount of force.

  A clutch mechanism 70 disposed between the reduction gear 68 and the bit holder 48 temporarily releases the drive connection between the air motor 20 and the bit holder 48 when an excessive torque is applied to the bit holder 48. . Specifically, the clutch mechanism 70 includes a first power transmission member 71 connected to the output shaft 69 of the reduction gear 68, and a ball 76 held in the holding groove 74 on the front end surface of the first power transmission member 71. A second power transmission member 72 connected to the first power transmission member 71 via the ball 76 and rotatably held by the front end 31 of the tool housing 30, and the first power transmission member 71 as a second power transmission member And a clutch spring 78 for pressing toward 72. Four pins 80 are fitted in the rear end side of the first power transmission member 71, and these pins 80 slide in the direction of the longitudinal axis L formed on the output shaft 69 of the reduction gear 68 By inserting the first power transmission member 71 into the groove 81, the first power transmission member 71 can not rotate in the circumferential direction with respect to the output shaft 69, but is movably connected in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. Since the first power transmission member 71 and the second power transmission member 72 are connected in the rotational direction via the ball 76, normally, the rotational drive force from the output shaft 69 of the reduction gear 68 is the first power transmission member 71. And the second power transmission member 72 to the bit holder 48. When rotational resistance is applied to the bit holder 48 during processing operation, rotational torque is applied between the first power transmission member 71 and the second power transmission member 72, and the first power transmission member 71 receives a force from the ball 76 to the rear. Receive Since the first power transmission member 71 is pressed against the second power transmission member 72 by the clutch spring 78, the first power transmission member 71 does not retract in the direction of the longitudinal axis L in a normal state. However, when the rotational torque applied to the tip tool bit increases and the rearward force that the first power transmission member 71 receives from the ball 76 exceeds the pressing force of the clutch spring 78, the first power transmission member 71 It retreats while compressing and rides on the ball 76. Then, the engagement between the first power transmission member 71 and the second power transmission member 72 via the ball 76 in the rotational direction is temporarily released, and the rotational drive torque of the air motor 20 via the reduction gear 68 Is not transmitted to the second power transmission member 72. That is, when a rotational torque equal to or greater than a predetermined magnitude acts on the tip tool bit and the bit holder 48, the clutch mechanism 70 operates to temporarily release power transmission from the air motor 20 to the tip tool bit and the bit holder 48. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive load on the tip tool bit.

  For example, the method of using the pneumatic tool 1 when the tip tool bit is a tap for threading and the pneumatic tool 1 is a pneumatic tapping device will be described. In the state before the start of the operation, the start switch 10 is in the stop position (FIG. 8), and the operation sleeve 50 is in the reverse drive position by the pressing force of the spring 66. When the start switch 10 is in the start position (FIG. 1), compressed air is supplied into the tool housing 30, and the air motor 20 is reversely driven to reverse the bit holder 48. Therefore, the tap attached to the bit holder 48 is also reversed. When the tip of the tap is brought into contact with the pilot hole forming the internal thread while the grip portion 60 of the operation sleeve 50 is reversed, the tap does not advance into the pilot hole because it is reversed. Continue to rotate over the opening of the pilot hole. At this time, the rotation center axis of the tap is aligned with the center axis of the pilot hole by rotating the tap on the opening of the pilot hole. When the tap and pilot hole are aligned, the pneumatic tool 1 is pressed in the direction of the longitudinal axis L toward the pilot hole. Then, the operation sleeve 50 is displaced forward relative to the tool housing 30 to be in the forward rotation driving position (FIG. 2), and the tap starts to be forward rotated. The tap for forward rotation forms a thread groove on the side surface of the pilot hole while advancing in the pilot hole along the screw of the tap. When the tap advances to the desired position in the pilot hole, when the pneumatic tool 1 is pulled out of the pilot hole, the operation sleeve 50 returns to the reverse drive position, and the tap starts reversing again. Then, the tap is returned from the pilot hole along the formed screw groove and comes out of the pilot hole. In addition, since the operation sleeve 50 is pressed toward the reverse rotation drive position by the spring 66, the operation at the time of switching from normal rotation to reverse rotation actually presses the pneumatic tool 1 toward the pilot hole. It is only necessary to release or relieve the force.

  Thus, in the pneumatic tool 1, the operation direction of the operation sleeve 50 coincides with the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the tool housing 30, and the normal rotation drive position is a position forward of the reverse rotation drive position, that is, a bit Since the position is closer to the holder 48, the processing advancing direction at the time of tapping operation or drilling operation coincides with the operation direction of the operation sleeve 50, and the operation can be intuitively understood. Further, by providing the grip portion 60 on the operation sleeve 50 and holding it, the operation of pressing the pneumatic tool 1 against the object to be processed and the operation of pulling it away are forward rotation and reverse rotation of the tip tool bit. Since the switch operation is also performed, other operations such as operating a switch or a sleeve with a finger at the time of switching the rotational direction become unnecessary, operation is easier, and erroneous operation is less likely to occur.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pneumatic tool 1 is a flow path switching member mounted so as to cross the air supply path 35 in the through hole 82 formed in the rear end 32 of the tool housing 30. And 84. In the flow path switching member 84, an arc-shaped first flow path 86 (FIG. 1) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flow path switching member 84, and a restricted flow path 88 narrower than the first flow path 86 and the atmosphere A second flow passage 87 (FIG. 8) is formed having an open flow passage 89 open to the The flow path switching member 84 is displaced between the normal drive position (FIG. 8) and the air injection position (FIG. 9) in the direction of the transverse axis T1 orthogonal to the air supply path 35 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis L It is made possible. Further, the spring 90 is pressed toward the normal drive position, and is held at the normal drive position when not operated. A positioning pin 92 extending in the direction of the transverse axis T1 is fixed to the operation portion 85 located outside the tool housing 30, and the positioning pin 92 is inserted into a positioning pin insertion hole 93 formed in the tool housing 30. Thus, the rotational direction position of the flow path switching member 84 around the transverse axis T1 is determined, and the rotation around the transverse axis T1 is prevented.

  When the flow path switching member 84 is in the normal drive position (FIG. 8), the first flow path 86 is in communication with the air supply path 35, and the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 The air flows through the air supply passage 35 toward the air motor 20. At this time, all of the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 is introduced into the air motor 20, ignoring a slight leak on the way. Assuming that the operation portion 85 of the flow path switching member 84 is pushed into the tool housing 30 in the direction of the transverse axis T1 and the flow path switching member 84 is at the air injection position (FIG. 9), the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 The majority of the air is vigorously injected from the nozzle 94 into the atmosphere through the open flow passage 89. The compressed air jetted from the nozzle 94 is used when cleaning away the object to be processed by blowing away chips, dust and the like attached when tapping and drilling. That is, the pneumatic tool 1 can be used as an air duster by setting the flow path switching member 84 to the air injection position. At this time, part of the compressed air supplied from the air supply port 34 flows in the air supply passage 35 toward the air motor 20 through the restriction passage 88. The amount of compressed air introduced to the air motor 20 when the flow path switching member 84 is in the air injection position is very small compared to the amount of compressed air when the flow path switching member 84 is in the normal drive position. It becomes. Therefore, when the flow path switching member 84 is at the air injection position, the air motor 20 is rotationally driven more slowly than in the normal driving state, and accordingly the bit holder 48 and the tip tool bit are also rotationally driven slowly. Become.

  As described above, the bit holder 48 and the tip tool bit are slowly used while the pneumatic tool 1 is used as an air duster to blow away chips and the like with compressed air injected from the nozzle 94 into the atmosphere. The rotation of the tool holder allows the operator's attention during the operation to be directed to the bit holder 48 and the tip tool bit. By doing so, the flow path switching member 84 is returned to the normal drive position with the tip tool bit in contact with the surrounding object, and the bit holder 48 and the tip tool bit are rotationally driven again at the normal speed. It is possible to prevent damage to the objects in advance. Also, even if the tip tool bit has been brought into contact with the surrounding object, the reaction force received by the slowly rotating tip tool bit makes it possible for the operator to immediately notice that the tip tool bit has touched something Since it can, it can urge a worker to eliminate the contact state. Further, for example, when it is desired to temporarily reduce the rotational speed of the tip tool bit, such as when an abnormality occurs during processing or when it is desired to perform processing slowly, the flow path switching member 84 is operated to the air injection position. Thus, the rotational speed of the air motor 20 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pneumatic tool 1 is a flow rate adjusting member mounted so as to cross the air supply passage 35 in the through hole 96 formed at the front position of the flow passage switching member 84. It has 97. The flow rate adjusting member 97 is rotatable about a transverse axis T2 orthogonal to the longitudinal axis L by rotating a knob 98 projecting outward of the tool housing 30. The flow rate adjusting member 97 is formed with a flow passage 99 penetrating in a direction orthogonal to the transverse axis T2, and as shown in FIG. 1, from the state where the flow passage 99 is aligned with the air supply passage 35 By rotating 97 to shift the flow path 99 relative to the air supply path 35, the flow path width connected to the air motor 20 is narrowed, and the amount of compressed air supplied to the air motor 20 is reduced. . As a result, the rotational speed of the air motor 20 is reduced. That is, by appropriately adjusting the rotational position of the flow rate adjusting member 97, the amount of compressed air supplied to the air motor 20 is changed to adjust the rotational speed of the air motor 20, that is, the rotational speeds of the bit holder 48 and the tip tool bit. can do.

  The above-mentioned embodiment shows one embodiment of the present invention, and concrete each composition can be changed suitably. For example, the spring 66 can be eliminated, and gravity can be used to displace the operation sleeve 50 to the reverse drive position. That is, by holding the operation sleeve 50 with the bit holder 48 directed downward, the tool housing 30 is displaced downward with respect to the operation sleeve 50 so that the operation sleeve 50 is in the reverse drive position. it can. However, in this case, it is premised that the processing operation is performed with the bit holder 48 directed downward. In addition, the first to fourth openings 41 to 44 may be disposed at positions not aligned in the circumferential direction of the tool housing 30, and the first to fourth switching flows may be aligned with the positions of the first to fourth openings 41 to 44. The position and shape of the passages 61-64 can also be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the operation sleeve 50 may have a shape other than a cylindrical shape, for example, a C-shape. Further, instead of providing the grip portion 60 on the operation sleeve 50, a grip portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface 46 of the tool housing 30, and the operation sleeve 50 may be operated with a finger.

Pneumatic tool 1; start switch 10; start sleeve 12; connection port 14; connection flow path 16; air motor 20; rotor 21; vane 22; first supply and exhaust port 24; second supply and exhaust port 25; 31; rear end 32; air supply port 34; air supply path 35; air exhaust port 36; air exhaust path 37; first supply and exhaust path 38; second supply and exhaust path 39; first opening 41; second opening 42; Third opening 43; fourth opening 44; outer circumferential surface 46; bit holder 48; operation sleeve 50; inner member 52; outer member 54; O-ring 55; pin 56; inner circumferential surface 58; pin sliding groove 59; outer circumferential surface (Grip portion) 60; first switching flow channel 61; second switching flow channel 62; third switching flow channel 63; fourth switching flow channel 64; spring 66; reduction gear 68; output shaft 69; clutch mechanism 70; 1 power transmission member 71; second power transmission member 2; holding groove 74; ball 76; clutch spring 78; pin 80; pin sliding groove 81; through hole 82; flow path switching member 84; operation portion 85; first flow path 86; second flow path 87; Path 88; open channel 89; spring 90; positioning pin 92; positioning pin insertion hole 93; nozzle 94; through hole 96; flow control member 97; knob 98;
Longitudinal axis L; transverse axis T1; transverse axis T2; arrow A; arrow B;

Claims (7)

A tool housing having a front end and a rear end and a longitudinally extending longitudinal axis, the tool housing having an air supply port for receiving compressed air supplied from an external compressed air supply source;
An air motor provided in the tool housing and driven by compressed air supplied from the air supply port, the air motor having a first supply / discharge port and a second supply / discharge port, wherein compression is performed from the first supply / discharge port. An air motor that is reversely driven by introducing air, and is forwardly driven by introducing compressed air from the second supply and exhaust port;
A bit holder capable of holding a tip tool bit, provided at the front end of the tool housing and rotationally driven by the air motor;
An operating sleeve mounted on the tool housing so as to be displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis, wherein the air supply port is in communication with the first air supply and discharge port; An operation sleeve located forward and displaceable between a forward rotation position where the air supply port is in communication with the second air supply and discharge port;
Pneumatic tool with.   The pneumatic tool according to claim 1, further comprising a spring set between the tool housing and the operation sleeve to press the operation sleeve to the reverse drive position. The tool housing includes an air exhaust port for exhausting the compressed air exhausted from the air motor to the outside, a first opening in communication with the air supply port and opening on the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing, (1) A second opening communicating with the air supply and exhaust port and opening to the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing, a third opening communicating with the second air supply and exhaust port and opening to the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing, and the air And a fourth opening communicating with the exhaust port and opening in the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing;
A first switching passage for causing the first opening to communicate with the second opening when the operation sleeve is in the reverse drive position; and the third opening and the fourth opening when the reverse sleeve is in the reverse drive position. And a third switching flow path for connecting the first opening and the third opening when in the forward rotation driving position, and when in the forward rotation driving position. The pneumatic tool according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a fourth switching flow path communicating the second opening with the fourth opening. The operation sleeve is a cylindrical member which covers the outer peripheral surface of the tool housing and slides on the outer peripheral surface;
The first to fourth openings are formed in a portion covered by the operation sleeve on an outer peripheral surface of the tool housing,
The pneumatic tool according to claim 3, wherein the first to fourth switching channels are formed on an inner circumferential surface of the operation sleeve. The first to fourth openings are arranged in circumferential alignment of the tool housing,
The first and second switching channels are arranged in alignment in the circumferential direction of the operation sleeve,
The third and fourth switching channels are arranged circumferentially of the operating sleeve at a position different from the first and second switching channels in the direction of the longitudinal axis. Pneumatic tool described.   The actuating sleeve being non-rotatable about the longitudinal axis with respect to the tool housing, the outer circumferential surface of the actuating sleeve being a gripping portion to be gripped by a worker when using the pneumatic tool; The pneumatic tool according to claim 4 or 5.   A pneumatic tool according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tip tool bit is a tap and the pneumatic tool is a tapping device.

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