JP6533642B2 - Member to be joined for high energy beam welding and method of manufacturing joined body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a high energy beam welding workpiece and a method of manufacturing a joined body by high energy beam welding. More particularly, the present invention relates to a technology for manufacturing the same or different metal joint by high energy beam welding such as electron beam welding or laser welding.

  High energy beam welding, such as electron beam welding and laser welding, has attracted attention particularly in the field of transportation equipment such as automobiles, railway vehicles and ships, because of its deep penetration and very low welding heat effect. On the other hand, in the case of high energy beam welding, when the solidification shrinkage amount of the weld metal in construction is large, welding defects such as cracks may occur, and it is necessary to set welding conditions compatible with the material to be welded.

  Therefore, conventionally, when high energy beam welding is performed, welding is performed while continuously supplying a wire-like filler metal to the laser beam irradiation portion, or the cooling speed is controlled so as not to rapidly cool the molten metal portion. By doing so, the occurrence of welding defects is prevented (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

JP-A-9-225664 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-501527 JP, 2011-67830, A

  However, the method of welding while supplying the wire-like filler metal requires a mechanism for supplying the wire separately from the mechanism for irradiating the laser light to the weld portion, which complicates the apparatus. There is a problem of that. In addition, this welding method can not increase the wire supply rate to the same level as the laser beam irradiation rate due to the structure of the wire supply mechanism, and the welding rate depends on the wire supply rate. difficult.

  Similarly, the method of controlling the cooling condition of the weld metal also requires equipment for delaying the cooling rate of the molten metal portion separately, which complicates the apparatus and makes it difficult to improve the welding rate. is there.

  Then, this invention makes it a main object to provide the manufacturing method of the to-be-joined member for high energy beam welding which can speed up a welding speed, and a joined body, without making an apparatus complicated.

The welding target member for high energy beam welding according to the present invention is one or two members disposed in contact with the welding position of the first member made of a metal material and the surface of the first member on the side irradiated with the high energy beam. The filler material is in the form of a disk or plate, and is embedded or screwed in and fixed to the first member without a part of the filler material penetrating therethrough .
The first member may be formed into a predetermined shape.
The welding member for high energy beam welding according to the present invention may further comprise a second member made of a metal material of the same or different kind as the first member and overlapping at least a part of the first member. Good.
In that case, the second member may be formed into a predetermined shape.

The method of manufacturing a joined body according to the present invention comprises the steps of: overlapping a first member made of a metal material and a second member made of the same metal material as the first member to form a lap joint; 1 member and a disc-shaped or plate-shaped filler metal contact disposed on the welding position of the side surface at least one of the high energy beam is irradiated in the second member, the part of the filler material, to penetrate and fixing Nde embed either or both without the first member and the second member that, said filler material and said second member and the first member and the step of high energy beam welding, the Have.
The method of manufacturing a joined body according to the present invention comprises the steps of: overlapping a first member made of a metal material and a second member made of the same metal material as the first member to form a lap joint; 1 member and a disc-shaped or plate-shaped filler metal contact disposed on the welding position of the side surface at least one of the high energy beam is irradiated in the second member, the part of the filler material, to penetrate a step of high-energy beam welding and fixing Nde threaded into either or both of the first and second members, the first member and the second member of the filler material without,
Have.
In the method of manufacturing a joined body of the present invention, the step of forming the lap joint can be performed after the step of arranging the filler material.
On the other hand, in another method of manufacturing a joined body according to the present invention, the joined members are obtained by high energy beam welding of the aforementioned members to be joined.
In the method of manufacturing these joined bodies, the high energy beam welding may be electron beam welding or laser welding.
And when the said high energy beam welding is laser welding, you may irradiate with a laser beam in a defocusing state.
Also, if the high energy beam welding is laser welding, remote welding can be performed.
Furthermore, when the high energy beam welding is laser welding, laser light can be irradiated in a spiral, a spiral, a circle or a concentric circle. In addition, circular shape here is not limited to perfect circle shape, and also includes substantially circular shape and elliptical shape.

  According to the present invention, since the filler material is disposed in contact with the welding position of the members to be joined, high energy beam welding can be performed at high speed without complicating the apparatus.

A is a perspective view which shows typically the structure of the to-be-joined member of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing by the aa line shown in FIG. A to F schematically show examples of the form of the filler material 3. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structural example of the to-be-joined member of the modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structural example of the to-be-joined member of the modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the structural example of the joined_body | zygote of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart figure which shows the manufacturing method of the conjugate | zygote of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. A and B are cross-sectional views schematically showing the method of arranging the filler material. A and B are sectional drawings which show the other filler material arrangement | positioning method typically. A and B are sectional drawings which show the other filler material arrangement | positioning method typically. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the method of hold | maintaining a filler material by a backing material. A to C are cross-sectional views schematically showing the welding method. A to C are sectional views schematically showing another welding method. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the remote welding method by the mirror scan method. It is a flowchart figure which shows the manufacturing method of the joined body of the modification of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

First Embodiment
First, the members to be joined according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing the structure of the members to be joined according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa shown in FIG. The to-be-joined member 10 of this embodiment is used for high energy beam welding, and as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, 1 or 2 or more pieces are shown in the welding position of the 1st member 1 which consists of metal materials. The filler 3 is disposed.

  The filler material 3 is placed flat on, for example, a portion to be welded (hereinafter referred to as a portion to be welded) of the surface of the first member 1 on the side to which the high energy beam is irradiated. In this case, the arrangement number of the filler metal 3 can be appropriately set according to the number of planned welding positions of the first member 1.

  Further, the size and shape of the filler material 3 are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the welding conditions such as the diameter and power of the beam to be irradiated. FIGS. 3A to 3F schematically show an example of the form of the filler 3. In the to-be-joined member 10 of this embodiment, the flat-plate-like filler material 3b as shown to FIG. 3B other than the disk-like filler material 3a shown to FIG. 3A, bar-like or wire-like melting as shown to FIG. Additive 3c or the like can be used. Moreover, the flux 8 may be filled in the inside of filler material 3d-3f as shown to FIG.

Furthermore, the component compositions of the filler metals 3, 3a to 3f and the flux 8 used in combination are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the material of the member to be welded 10 and the like. For example, when the welding member 10 is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, so-called A4000 series alloy (Al-Cu alloy) materials such as A4043 and A4047 specified in JIS Z3232 are used as the filler metals 3, 3a to 3f, for example. Can be used. The flux 8 preferably contains a fluorine-based compound such as KF, AlF ₃ and K ₃ AlF ₆ as the main component, and in addition to these components, a cesium compound such as CsF, CsAlF ₄ and CsKAlF Is more preferred.

  In the member to be joined 10 of the present embodiment, the second member 2 may be superimposed on at least a part of the first member 1 to form a lap joint. In this case, the first member 1 and the second member 2 may be formed of the same kind of metal material, or may be formed of different metal materials. Moreover, when the first member 1 and the second member 2 are formed of the same kind of metal material, they may be metal materials of the same composition, and even if they are metal materials of the same kind but different in composition Good.

  When manufacturing the joint member 10 of the lap joint type shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the filler material 3 is disposed in advance at the welding position of the first member 1, and the filler material 3 is disposed. The first member 1 may be superimposed on the second member 2, or after the first member 1 and the second member 2 are superimposed, the filler metal 3 may be disposed at the welding position.

  In addition, although the case where the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are plate shape is shown in FIG. 1 as an example, this invention is not limited to this, The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member Either one or both of 2 may be formed into various shapes. Also in this case, the filler metal 3 is disposed at each planned welding position of the first member 1 to which the high energy beam is irradiated.

  In the member to be joined 10 of the present embodiment, since the filler metal 3 is disposed at the welding position, occurrence of a welding defect without providing a wire supply mechanism or a device for controlling the cooling rate of the molten metal portion Can be prevented. Further, since the member to be joined 10 of the present embodiment does not require the wire supply mechanism and the cooling speed control of the molten metal portion, for example, a method capable of irradiating a high energy beam at high speed such as remote welding is used. By doing this, it is possible to perform high energy beam welding at high speed.

  Furthermore, since the filler material 3 functions as a target pointer in the to-be-joined member 10 of this embodiment, setting of the beam irradiation position performed at the time of a welding start is easy compared with the conventional product.

(Modification of the first embodiment)
Next, the to-be-joined member which concerns on the modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In the first embodiment described above, the case where the filler material is placed flat is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the filler material is disposed at the welding position of the first member It should just be. FIG.4 and FIG.5 is sectional drawing which shows typically the structural example of the to-be-joined member of this modification.

  Specifically, the filler material 3 may be pressed into the first member 1 as in the to-be-joined member 11 shown in FIG. 4, and as in the to-be-joined member 12 shown in FIG. The filler material 3 may be screwed into the member 1. Thereby, since the filler material 3 is fixed to the 1st member 1, even when moving the to-be-joined members 11 and 12, there is no possibility that the position of the filler material 3 will be changed. In the members to be joined 11 and 12 according to the modification shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, both the first member 1 and the second member 2 may have a plate shape or may be formed into a predetermined shape.

  Also in the to-be-joined members 11 and 12 of this modification, since the filler material 3 is arrange | positioned in a welding position, it does not make an apparatus complicated similarly to the to-be-joined member 10 of 1st Embodiment mentioned above. High speed, high energy beam welding is possible.

Second Embodiment
Next, a method of manufacturing a joined body according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6: is a perspective view which shows typically the structural example of the joined body manufactured by the manufacturing method of the joined body of this embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the method of manufacturing the joined body of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, in the method of manufacturing a joined body according to this embodiment, a lap joint forming step (step S1), a filler material arranging step (step S2), and a welding step (step S3) are performed, as shown in FIG. The joined body 20 shown in 6 is obtained.

[Step S1: Lap Joint Forming Step]
In the lap joint forming step S1, the first member 1 made of a metal material and the second member 2 are overlapped to form a lap joint. Here, the first member 1 and the second member 2 may be formed of the same kind of metal material, or may be formed of different kinds of metal materials. Moreover, when the first member 1 and the second member 2 are formed of the same kind of metal material, they may be metal materials of the same composition, and even if they are metal materials of the same kind but different in composition Good.

  Furthermore, the first member 1 and the second member 2 may have a plate shape, and one or both of them may be formed into various shapes. When using a member molded in advance for the first member 1 and the second member, the molding method is not particularly limited, and in addition to a press-formed product and an extrusion-formed product, a casting or the like may be used. Goods can be used.

[Step S2: filler material placement step]
In the filler material arranging step S2, the filler material 3 is arranged at the welding position of at least one of the first member 1 and the second member 2. 8 to 11 are cross-sectional views schematically showing the method of arranging the filler material 3. For example, when arranging the filler material 3 in the 1st member 1, as shown to FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, the filler material 3 can be laid flat on the surface of the 1st member 1. FIG.

  Or as shown to FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, after arrange | positioning the filler material 3 on the surface of the 1st member 1, a lap joint is arrange | positioned on the lower mold 32, and it melts using press members, such as punch 31 etc. The additive 3 may be pushed into the first member 1. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the filler material 3 can be screwed into the first member 1. In addition, in FIGS. 8-10, although the filler material 3 is arrange | positioned at the 1st member 1 side, this invention is not limited to this, It melt | dissolves in both the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 The filler 3 may be disposed, or the filler 3 may be disposed between the first member 1 and the second member 2.

  Furthermore, the filler material 3 can also be held by a backing material having a recess. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the filler material 3 is accommodated in the recess 4 a of the backing material 4, and the filler material 3 is brought into contact with the first member 1 by contacting the backing material 4 with the first member 1. Arranged at the welding position of the first member 1.

  In addition, the arrangement number of the filler material 3 may be appropriately set in accordance with the number of planned welding positions of the first member 1. Further, the size and shape of the filler material 3 are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the welding conditions such as the diameter and power of the beam to be irradiated. Furthermore, the component composition of the filler material 3 is also not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the material of the first member 1 and the second member 2 or the like.

[Step S3: Welding Process]
In the welding step S3, the first member 1 and the second member 2 are high energy beam welded. 12 and 13 are cross-sectional views schematically showing the welding method. For example, when the filler material 3 is arranged by the method shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the filler material 3 is irradiated with the high energy beam 5 as shown in FIGS. 12A to C, and the filler material 3, the first member 1 and The second member 2 is melted (molten metal 6) to obtain a joined body 21 in which the weld metal 7 is formed on the first member 1 to the second member 2.

  Further, for example, when the filler material 3 is arranged by the method shown in FIG. 11, the high energy beam 5 is irradiated to the second member 2 side as shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, and the first member 1 and the second member 2 to melt the filler material 3 (molten metal 6), then remove the backing material 4 and form a joined body 22 in which the molten metal 7 is formed to penetrate the first member 1 and the second member 2 obtain.

  Here, as high energy beam welding, for example, electron beam welding or laser welding can be applied. Then, in the case of laser welding, for example, laser light may be irradiated in a defocused state. This can reduce the occurrence of porosity and cracking.

  In laser welding, laser light can be irradiated in a spiral, a spiral, a circular shape, or a concentric shape at a portion to be welded. The “circular shape” referred to here includes not only a true circular shape but also a substantially circular shape and an elliptical shape. When welding is performed while moving the irradiation position of the laser beam as described above, the temperature gradient in the welded portion can be reduced, so that the amount of solidification and shrinkage can be reduced, and the occurrence of cracking can be further reduced. In this case, the welding direction may be either clockwise or counterclockwise, and the welding start position may be either inside or outside.

  Furthermore, in the case of laser welding, remote welding can also be applied. The remote welding method is a method of welding using a focusing optical system with a long focal length, and there are a mirror scan method and a robot scan method. FIG. 14 is a view showing an outline of a remote welding method by the mirror scan method. As shown in FIG. 14, in the mirror scan method, the laser light L emitted from the laser oscillator 40 is introduced into the laser processing head 50 via the optical fiber cable 41.

  The optical system of the laser processing head 50 includes, for example, a concave lens 51, a condenser lens 52, a mirror 53, etc. The introduced laser beam L is expanded by the concave lens 51 and condensed by the condenser lens 52. After that, the light is reflected by the mirror 53 and irradiated to a portion to be welded. In this mirror scan method, the laser irradiation position can be changed by adjusting the direction of the mirror 53, so that laser irradiation can be performed at high speed.

  The method of manufacturing the joined body of the present embodiment can further improve the welding speed by applying the above-described remote welding. Also in the case of remote welding, the laser beam can be irradiated to the filler material or the welding member in a defocused state, and can be irradiated in a spiral shape, a spiral shape, a circular shape or a concentric shape.

  In the method of manufacturing the joined body of the present embodiment, the flux is applied to the first member 1 and / or the second member before disposing the filler material 3 or after disposing the filler material 3 and before welding. be able to. At that time, the application method of the flux is not particularly limited, and generally used methods such as spray and brush coating can be applied.

  In the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, when plate materials are used as the first member 1 and the second member 2, before the placement of the filler material 3 or after the placement of the filler material 3 after the formation of the lap joint, before the welding. The step of forming into a predetermined shape may be performed.

  In the method of manufacturing a joined body according to the present embodiment, since the filler metal 3 is disposed at the welding position, welding can be performed without supplying the filler metal wire at the time of welding or controlling the cooling rate of the molten metal portion. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of defects. Moreover, high energy beam welding can be performed at high speed by using a method capable of irradiating a high energy beam at high speed such as remote welding. Furthermore, in the method of manufacturing a joined body of the present embodiment, since the filler material 3 can be used as a target pointer, setting of a beam irradiation position performed at the start of welding becomes easy.

(Modification of the second embodiment)
Next, a method of manufacturing a joined body according to a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the method of manufacturing the joined body of the second embodiment described above, the filler material is disposed after forming the lap joint, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first member 1 and the first member 1 and It is also possible to form a lap joint after disposing the filler material 3 on the second member 2.

  FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the method of manufacturing the joined body of the present modification. As shown in FIG. 15, in the method of manufacturing a joined body according to the present embodiment, the filler material arranging step (step S11), the lap joint forming step (step S12), and the welding step (step S13) are performed in this order. By doing this, the bonded body 20 shown in FIG. 6 is obtained.

  As described above, even when the lap joint forming step (step S12) is performed after the filler material arranging step (step S11), the apparatus is complicated as in the method of manufacturing the joined body of the second embodiment described above. Without welding, high energy beam welding can be done at high speed.

  In the method of manufacturing the joined body of the second embodiment and the modification thereof, the members to be joined 10 to 12 of the first embodiment and the modification thereof can be used. The material arrangement process and / or the lap joint formation process can be omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st member 2 2nd member 3, 3a-3f filler material 4 backing material 4a recessed part 5 beam 6 molten metal 7 weld metal 8 flux 10-12 to-be-joined member 20-22 bonded body 31 punch 32 lower mold 40 laser Oscillator 41 optical fiber cable 50 laser processing head 51 concave lens 52 condenser lens 53 mirror L laser light

Claims (12)

A first member made of a metallic material,
One or more filler metals disposed in contact with the welding position of the surface of the first member on the side irradiated with the high energy beam ;
Have
The welding material for high energy beam welding is fixed in a disk shape or a flat plate shape, and a part thereof is embedded or screwed into the first member without penetrating .   The welding member for high energy beam welding according to claim 1, wherein the first member is formed into a predetermined shape.   The welded member for high energy beam welding according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second member made of a metal material the same as or different from the first member and superimposed on at least a part of the first member.   The bonded member for high energy beam welding according to claim 3, wherein the second member is formed into a predetermined shape. Forming a lap joint by overlapping a first member made of a metal material and a second member made of the same metal material as the first member;
The disk-shaped or plate-shaped filler metal contact disposed on the welding position of the side surface at least one of the high energy beam is irradiated in the first member and the second member, the part of the filler material, and fixing Nde embed either or both without the first member and the second member to pass through,
High energy beam welding the first member, the second member, and the filler material;
A method of producing a joined body having Forming a lap joint by overlapping a first member made of a metal material and a second member made of the same metal material as the first member;
The disk-shaped or plate-shaped filler metal contact disposed on the welding position of the side surface at least one of the high energy beam is irradiated in the first member and the second member, the part of the filler material, and fixing Nde threaded into either or both without the first member and the second member to pass through,
High energy beam welding the first member, the second member, and the filler material;
A method of producing a joined body having   The manufacturing method of the joined_body | zygote of Claim 5 or 6 which performs the process of forming the said lap joint after the process of arrange | positioning the said filler material.   The manufacturing method of the joined body which obtains a joined body by high energy beam welding the to-be-joined member of any one of Claims 1-5.   The method for producing a joined body according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the high energy beam welding is electron beam welding or laser welding.   The method for manufacturing a joined body according to claim 9, wherein the high energy beam welding is laser welding and laser light is irradiated in a defocused state. The high energy beam welding is laser welding, and remote welding is performed.
The manufacturing method of the conjugate | zygote as described in 0.   The method for manufacturing a joined body according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the high energy beam welding is laser welding and laser light is irradiated in a spiral shape, a spiral shape, a circular shape or a concentric shape.

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