JP6530992B2 - Surface intake water circulation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface water intake / recirculation apparatus that suppresses deep-layer anaerobic analysis (poorized oxygenation) in a reservoir or the like and generation and reproduction of microalgae in the surface layer.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the water-bloom removal apparatus which is disclosed by patent document 1 as one of surface layer water intake circulation apparatuses is known. This device comprises an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder, and comprises three tubes floating in a reservoir in a vertical posture by a float, and an air supply means for feeding air from the lower end to the middle tube of the three tubes. With the supply of the air, the water around the three tubes (surface water) is drawn from the upper end of the outer cylinder to the inside and is made to flow out from the lower end of the inner cylinder. That is, an upward flow is formed in the middle cylinder by the supply of air to the space between the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the formation of the upward flow causes water in the outer cylinder to flow from the lower end of the middle cylinder to the middle cylinder. While being drawn up, the downward flow is formed inside the inner cylinder by the water which ascends the inside of the middle cylinder and is pushed up flows into the inner cylinder from the upper end of the middle cylinder. Thus, by forming the flow of water from the upper end of the outer cylinder to the lower end of the inner cylinder by aeration to the middle cylinder, while taking in surface water containing microalgae that causes water bloom from around the three tubes It is a mechanism that sends it to the deep layer where light does not reach easily and suppresses the occurrence of water bloom.

JP, 2014-224360, A

  However, since the above-mentioned conventional surface water intake circulation system needs to float three pipes with relatively large occupied space on the water surface, there is a possibility that the use of the reservoir surface and the landscape may be impaired. In addition, it is easily affected by wind and waves, and is also likely to be an obstacle of movement such as driftwood, so maintenance and management take time. Furthermore, for water surface fluctuations, it is necessary for workers to adjust the drainage water level by extending and retracting the lower end of the inner cylinder by diving into the reservoir, which also makes maintenance and management difficult. There is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a surface water intake / circulation apparatus which is less likely to damage the use of the reservoir surface and the landscape, and which is excellent in maintenance and management.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a surface water intake circulation device for feeding the surface water of a reservoir into the deep layer while taking in the surface water, and a device main body which is moored to the water bottom and an air supply which supplies air to the device A device, and a mooring means for mooring the device body such that the lower end of the device body is disposed at a predetermined position near the bottom of the water; the device body having a water intake opening upward; And a first flow path extending vertically in the water of the reservoir, and the lower end of the first flow path is connected to the first flow path to a predetermined position between the lower end and the water intake port. A second flow path extending upward along one flow path, and an air reservoir at a position of an upper end of the second flow path are connected to the second flow path, and a second flow path is formed from the position of the upper end A third flow path extending downward along the lower end of the third flow path With a drain outlet connected, wherein the air supply device, by supplying air to the second passage to form a rising flow to the second flow path, wherein the device body is placed in order from the inner side A first cylindrical portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a third cylindrical portion, wherein an upper end portion of the first cylindrical portion is the water intake port, and an inner side of the first cylindrical portion is the first flow path; The mooring means has a triple pipe structure in which the space between the first cylinder and the second cylinder is the second flow path, and the space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is the third flow path. So that the upper end portion of the first cylindrical portion is disposed below the water surface and at a predetermined position near the water surface in a state in which the device body is moored The vertical length of the second and third cylindrical portions is set so that the upper end portion of the third cylindrical portion is positioned deeper than the thermocline of the reservoir. There are those that have been set.

  According to this surface layer intake / circulation circulation system, when an upward flow is formed in the second flow path by the supply (air) of air to the second flow path, the flow sequentially moves along the first, second, and third flow paths. The surface water of the reservoir is drained from the drainage port to the deep layer while being taken in from the intake port. Therefore, it is possible to effectively circulate water between the surface layer and the deep layer of the reservoir, and to suppress the occurrence of the anaerobic (poor oxygenation) of the deep layer and the water bloom. Moreover, according to this surface layer water intake circulation device, since the device main body is moored to the bottom of the water and used, almost nothing appears on the water surface. Therefore, the use of the reservoir surface and the landscape will not be significantly impaired. Further, it is susceptible to the influence of wind and waves, and is less likely to be an obstacle to the movement of driftwood and the like, so that drifting of the device body or stagnation of driftwood around the device body is also suppressed. Therefore, it is difficult to damage the use of the reservoir surface and the landscape, and the maintenance and management will also be improved.

In addition, the device main body has a triple pipe structure including the first to third cylindrical portions, and in addition to the good structural balance, the balance of the flow of water also improves, so the device main body is upright in water. It becomes possible to moor stably.
In addition, since the device body is not exposed to the water surface, the damage to the use of the reservoir surface and the landscape can be reduced significantly. In addition, since the particularly voluminous part of the device body is located deeper than the thermocline, the device body is hardly affected by wind or waves. Therefore, the device body can be moored to the reservoir more stably.

  In this case, the first tubular portion includes a lower tubular portion main body having a fixed shape and an expandable upper and lower elastic portion connected to the cylindrical portion main body, and the device main body includes an upper end portion of the expandable portion. Preferably, it further comprises a float connected to.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to make the water intake follow the fluctuation of the water surface. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the position of the water intake according to the fluctuation of the water surface, which improves the maintenance and management.

  Further, in the above-mentioned surface layer intake / circulation apparatus, it is preferable that the intake port is in the shape of a funnel expanding upward from below.

  According to this configuration, the surface water of the reservoir can be efficiently fed into the deep layer while being taken in from the water intake.

  Further, in the above-mentioned surface layer intake / circulation apparatus, it is preferable that the drainage port is provided around the lower end portion of the apparatus main body or a position near the lower end.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to effectively suppress deep-layer anaerobic (poor oxygenation). In addition, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of water-blooming by feeding surface water containing microalgae which causes water-blooming to a deeper layer to which light can not easily reach.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a surface water intake / circulation apparatus which is less likely to damage the use of the reservoir surface of the reservoir and the landscape, and which is also easy to maintain and manage.

It is sectional drawing of the surface layer water intake circulation apparatus concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of a surface layer water intake circulation system when a water level falls.

  Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a surface water intake circulation system according to the present invention, and more specifically shows a surface water intake circulation system installed in a dam lake (one of the reservoirs) in a cross-sectional view.

  As shown to the same figure, the surface layer intake water circulation system 1 is a submersible-type apparatus installed under the lake surface (water surface), and the apparatus main body 2 moored to the lake bottom (water bottom), and the aeration apparatus 4 (Corresponding to a supply device).

  The apparatus body 2 generally has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and is anchored to the sinker 6 installed at the bottom of the lake by a chain 7 connected to the lower end thereof. In more detail, it is moored in water standing upright, that is, vertically standing, by being pulled up by the connection length of the chain 7 by the buoyancy of the later-described floats 28 and 32 provided in the apparatus body 2. In the present embodiment, the sinkers 6 and the chains 7 correspond to the mooring means of the present invention.

  The device body 2 is disposed on the outer side of the first cylindrical portion 10 extending in the vertical direction, the second cylindrical portion 12 disposed on the outer side (radial direction outer side) and extending in the vertical direction, and further the second cylindrical portion 12 It has a triple tube structure provided with a third cylindrical portion 14 extending in the vertical direction. Adjacent cylindrical parts of the apparatus main body 2 are fixed to each other via a spacer (not shown), whereby the adjacent cylindrical parts are kept at a constant interval.

  The first cylindrical portion 10 is composed of a lower cylindrical portion main body 10a having a fixed property and an upper elastic portion 10b connected to the cylindrical portion main body 10a. The elastic portion 10b is formed in, for example, a bellows shape It is structured to be flexible. The upper end portion of the expanding and contracting portion 10 b is the water intake 11 of the surface layer water intake and circulation device 1, and is formed in a funnel shape expanding upward from the lower side. The stretchable portion 10 b is configured to be deflated by its own weight against the buoyancy of water, and the float 18 is connected to the upper end portion (the water intake 11) via a rope 16. Thereby, the intake 11 is arranged at a predetermined water depth position in accordance with the fluctuation of the water level.

  The second cylindrical portion 12 is provided in the first cylindrical portion 10 at a position corresponding to the cylindrical portion main body 10 a. The lower end portion of the second cylindrical portion 12 is located below the lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 10, and is closed by the bottom cover 20. On the other hand, the upper end portion of the third cylindrical portion 14 is located above the upper end portion of the second cylindrical portion 12, and is closed by the upper lid 22. The upper end portion of the second cylindrical portion 12 and the upper lid 22 are relatively separated from each other, whereby the air reservoir chamber 15 is formed above the second cylindrical portion 12.

  With such a configuration, the apparatus main body 2 is connected to the water intake port 11, and the first flow path Ip extending in the vertical direction at the center position of the apparatus main body 2 and the lower end portion of the first flow path Ip A second flow passage Mp connected to the first flow passage Ip and extending upward along the first flow passage Ip to a predetermined position between the lower end portion and the water intake port 11, and an upper end portion of the second flow passage Mp A third flow passage Op, which is connected to the second flow passage Mp via the air reservoir chamber 15 at a position and extends downward from the position of the upper end along the second flow passage Mp, is formed.

  The lower end portion of the third cylindrical portion 14 is provided at substantially the same position as the lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 10. An annular wedge member 24 is joined to the periphery of the lower end portion of the third cylindrical portion 14, and thereby, it is formed by the wedge member 24 and the bottom cover 20 around the lower end portion of the device body 2. An omnidirectional drain 25 is provided, ie a horizontally and radially drainable drain 25. In addition, as long as the position of the drainage port 25 is the vicinity position of the lower end part of the apparatus main body 2, it may be an upper position than it.

  A plurality of large floats 28 are fixed to the upper end portion of the third cylindrical portion 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the device main body 2. In the first cylindrical portion 10, the region above the upper end of the third cylindrical portion 14 excluding the stretchable portion 10b, and at a plurality of positions around it, along the first cylindrical portion 10 The ropes 30 are stretched, and small floats 32 (floats smaller than the floats 28) are fixed along the ropes 30 at predetermined intervals.

  Although the specific dimension of the device body 2 varies depending on the depth of water to be installed, in this example, the lower end of the first cylindrical portion 10 (device body 2) in a state where the device body 2 is anchored as shown in FIG. The first part is close to the bottom of the lake, and the upper end of the first cylindrical part 10, that is, the water intake 11 can be disposed at a predetermined water depth position near the lake surface (for example, about 50 cm depth) as described above. The length in the vertical direction of the cylindrical portion 10 is set. The vertical lengths of the cylindrical portions 12 and 14 are set such that the second cylindrical portion 12 and the third cylindrical portion 14 are positioned deeper than the thermocline of the dam lake.

  The aeration device 4 supplies air to the inside of the device body 2. The aeration apparatus 4 generally includes a nozzle 34 fixed to the bottom cover 20, a compressor (not shown) installed on the shore of the dam lake, and the compressor and the nozzle 34 via an open / close valve and the like. And the air supply hose 36 for connecting the air from the lower end portion of the second cylindrical portion 12 to the inner side, that is, the second flow passage Mp.

  The apparatus body 2 is provided with an air removing device 5 for discharging the excess air accumulated in the air reservoir chamber 15.

  The air vent 5 holds an automatic exhaust valve 40 fixed to the upper lid 22 forming the ceiling of the air reservoir 15, an exhaust hose 42 connected to the automatic exhaust valve 40, and an exhaust port of the exhaust hose 42. And a float 44. The automatic exhaust valve 40 opens when the pressure of air accumulated in the air reservoir chamber 15 exceeds a predetermined value, and exhausts excess air through the exhaust hose 42, whereby the interior of the reservoir chamber 15 is It is designed to be maintained at a predetermined pressure value which has been determined in advance.

  The above-described surface intake circulation device 1 is used in a moored state at the bottom of the dam lake as shown in FIG. Then, the air a is supplied to the apparatus main body 2 through the hose 36 and the nozzle 34, so that the air a is supplied to the second flow passage Mp between the first cylindrical portion 10 and the second cylindrical portion 12 in detail. It operates by being done. That is, when the air a is supplied to the second flow path Mp, a rising flow is formed in the second flow path Mp as the air a rises, and the water in the first flow path IP is formed by the formation of the rising flow. The lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 10 is drawn into the second flow passage Mp. Further, the water pushed up by raising the second flow passage Mp flows from the upper end portion of the second cylindrical portion 12 through the air reservoir chamber 15 into the outer third flow passage Op, whereby the third flow passage Downflow is formed in Op. At this time, since the pressure in the air reservoir chamber 15 is maintained at a constant pressure value by the air vent 5, the formation of the downflow is stably performed.

  In this manner, the flow of water from the upper end portion of the first flow path IP to the lower end portion of the third flow path Op is formed by aeration in the second flow path Mp. The surface water of the dam lake, which contains microalgae causing the above, is drained from the drainage port 25 to a deep layer to which light does not easily reach while being taken in from the water intake 11. As a result, the occurrence of water bloom in the dam lake is effectively suppressed. In addition, while the surface water containing a relatively large amount of oxygen is guided to the deep layer, in the process, more air a is dissolved in the surface water by aeration, whereby oxygen is effectively supplied to the deep layer of the dam lake. The Rukoto. And, by repeating such a cycle, the water circulation is effectively performed between the surface layer and the deep layer of the dam lake, and the deep layer anaerobic (poor oxygenation) and the occurrence of water blue algae are generated in the long run. It will be suppressed.

  The surface water intake / circulation apparatus 1 as described above has the following advantages in addition to the ability to suppress the occurrence of anaerobic and deepwater blooms in the depths of the dam lake. That is, the surface layer intake / circulation apparatus 1 is a submersible apparatus that moors the apparatus body 2 to the bottom of the lake and there is nothing appearing on the lake surface except for the floats 18 and 44. Therefore, there is an advantage that the lake surface utilization and the landscape of the dam lake are not significantly impaired. In addition, since it is susceptible to the influence of wind and waves, and is unlikely to be an obstacle to the movement of driftwood or the like, the drifting of the device main body 2 or the stagnation of driftwood around the device main body 2 is suppressed. In particular, since the device body 2 is configured such that a portion of the triple tube, that is, a portion having a relatively large occupied space corresponding to the third cylindrical portion 14 is positioned deeper than the thermocline of the dam lake, There is almost no influence of waves. Therefore, compared with the conventional surface layer water intake circulation device (patent document 1) in which the three pipe body (portion of the triple pipe structure) floats on the lake surface, it is possible to reduce the time required for maintaining and managing the moored state.

  Further, since the device body 2 is moored to the bottom of the lake, it is not necessary to change the position of the drainage port 25 due to the water level fluctuation on the surface of the lake. In addition, as described above, the water intake 11 is configured to follow the water level fluctuation on the lake surface. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the positions of the water intake 11 and the water outlet 25 according to the water level fluctuation of the lake surface, and this also has an advantage of good maintenance and management.

  In addition, since the apparatus main body 2 is in the shape of a funnel whose intake port 11 extends upward, it is possible to efficiently take in surface water of the dam lake while reducing the diameter of the first cylindrical portion 10 (stretching portion 10b). There is also an advantage.

  The surface layer water intake and circulation device 1 described above is a preferred embodiment of the surface layer water intake and circulation device according to the present invention, and the specific configuration thereof can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. .

  For example, in the above embodiment, the device main body 2 has a triple tube structure including the first cylindrical portion 10, the second cylindrical portion 12 and the third cylindrical portion 14, but the device main body 2 need not necessarily have a triple tube structure. An inlet opening upward, a first channel connected to the inlet and extending vertically in the water of the reservoir, and a lower channel of the first channel are connected to the first channel, and the lower channel A second flow path extending upward along the first flow path to a predetermined position between the water intake and the second flow path via an air reservoir at the upper end of the second flow path It may be provided with a third flow path extending downward along the second flow path from the position of the upper end, and a drainage port connected to the lower end of the third flow path. This makes it possible to receive the above-described effects.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the apparatus main body 2 is comprised by the three cylindrical parts 10, 12, 14, of course, you may be comprised by the polygonal cylinder part.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the 1st cylindrical part 10 is the structure provided with the cylinder part main body 10a and the expansion-contraction part 10b, you may employ | adopt the structure which abbreviate | omitted the expansion-contraction part 10b.

  In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the surface layer water intake circulation apparatus 1 was installed in a dam lake, the said surface layer water intake circulation apparatus 1 can be naturally installed in reservoirs other than a dam lake.

1 surface water intake circulation device 2 device main body 4 aeration device (air supply device)
10 1st cylindrical part (1st cylinder part)
10a Tube body 10b Telescopic portion 11 Water intake 12 Second cylindrical portion (second tubular portion)
14 Third cylinder (third cylinder)
25 outlet Ip first channel Mp second channel Op third channel

Claims (4)

A surface water intake and circulation system that feeds the surface water of the reservoir while feeding it to the deep layer.
A device body anchored to the bottom of the water, an air supply device for supplying air to the device body, and anchoring means for anchoring the device body such that the lower end of the device body is disposed at a predetermined position near the bottom of the water; Including
The apparatus main body is connected to the first flow path at a position of a lower end portion of the first flow path, and a first flow path extending in the vertical direction in the water of the reservoir connected to the water intake port opening upward, A second flow path extending upward along the first flow path to a predetermined position between the lower end portion and the water intake port, and the upper end portion of the second flow path via the air reservoir chamber; A third flow path connected to the two flow paths and extending downward from the position of the upper end along the second flow path, and a drainage port connected to the lower end of the third flow path,
The air supply device forms an upward flow in the second flow path by supplying air to the second flow path,
The device body has a first cylindrical portion, a second cylindrical portion and a third cylindrical portion arranged in order from the inside, and the upper end of the first cylindrical portion is the water intake port, and the first cylindrical portion The inner side is the first flow path, the space between the first and second cylindrical portions is the second flow path, and the space between the second and third cylindrical portions is the third flow path Have a triple-tube structure,
In a state in which the device main body is moored by the mooring means, the vertical direction of the first cylindrical portion is arranged such that the upper end portion of the first cylindrical portion is located below the water surface and at a predetermined position near the water surface. The lengths of the second and third cylindrical portions are set such that the length is set, and the upper end of the third cylindrical portion is positioned deeper than at least the water temperature layer of the reservoir. The surface water intake circulation system characterized by having. In the surface water intake circulation device according to claim 1 ,
The first tubular portion includes a lower tubular portion main body having a fixed shape, and an expandable upper and lower telescopic portion connected to the tubular portion main body,
The surface water intake circulation device according to claim 1, wherein the device body further includes a float connected to an upper end of the stretchable portion. In the surface layer water intake circulation device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The surface water intake and circulation device characterized in that the water intake port is in the shape of a funnel that spreads upward from below. In the surface layer water intake circulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The surface water intake circulation device, wherein the drainage port is provided around a lower end portion of the device main body or a position near the lower end portion.

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