JP6521869B2 - Air conditioning unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner and an air conditioning method for a limited space.

  An air conditioner incorporated into the ceiling of a limited space is well known. Of these, the first type relates to static cold air flow, in which the air passes through a cooled exchanger and the air flow is created by simple convection.

  The second type of cold air flow relates to dynamic cold air flow, in which the fresh air flow coming from the outside of the confined space is mixed with the secondary air coming from the air conditioned room Ru. In this type of device, the primary air is injected at high pressure into the nozzle and the venturi effect causes a suction of secondary air. Devices of this type have many advantages. The first advantage is that the injection of fresh air can freshen the air of limited space. The fresh primary air may be further dried to avoid condensation phenomena. Finally, the secondary air enters the cooled heat exchanger prior to mixing to increase the overall cooling capacity of the device.

European Patent Application Publication No. 1,319,901

  However, these dynamic cold air streams have other drawbacks that the present invention seeks to mitigate. For example, this type of device is generally noisy. In fact, for optimal operation, the ratio of fresh primary air intake to secondary air recirculation should be approximately 1: 7. However, to obtain such a ratio solely by the Venturi effect, the pressure of the primary air in the nozzle and its speed continuously generate noise which is difficult to withstand. Furthermore, these dynamic flows generally operate with suboptimal primary air / secondary air ratios generally comprised between 1: 2 and 1: 6. This low ratio includes air renewal of the medium more than necessary, and energy consumption is higher than strictly necessary.

  European Patent Application Publication No. 1,319,901 discloses two continuously arranged venturi-type arrangements which allow so-called fresh primary air to be mixed with so-called secondary circulation air. An apparatus comprising the apparatus is disclosed. Nevertheless, the inlet pressure of the second venturi of the device is quite insufficient, it is not possible to achieve a sufficient secondary air suction, and the ratio of secondary air to primary air is still poor. It is enough.

  The present invention aims to propose a dynamic cold air conditioning system which reduces the noise and at the same time improves the primary air / secondary (recirculation) air ratio.

  It is also an object to improve the thermal comfort associated with the use of the device according to the invention, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner comprising a primary air intake pipe (chamber) connected to the inlet of a first Venturi-type device (induction unit) whose suction communicates with the first secondary air intake pipe (chamber) And the outlet of the first Venturi-type device is in communication with the inlet of a second Venturi-type device (induction unit) whose suction is connected to the second secondary air intake pipe (chamber) comprising the main heat exchanger Do.

  The outlet of this device communicates directly or indirectly with the room being air conditioned.

  Preferably, the first Venturi-type device comprises a primary air inlet nozzle with an aperture restriction at its free end, said free end appearing in a suction chamber in communication with the first secondary air intake pipe, said suction chamber The front is provided with an outlet orifice opposite the outlet of the inlet nozzle, said outlet orifice being in communication with the inlet of a second venturi-type device.

  Advantageously, the second Venturi-type device comprises a suction (or mixing) chamber, the suction chamber having a cross-section at least twice as large as the outlet orifice of the suction chamber of the first Venturi-type device.

  Advantageously, the second venturi device comprises a plate pierced through the orifice, said plate communicating with the intake chamber in communication with the outlet of the first mixing device and with the second secondary air intake pipe And the orifice generates a venturi effect that draws secondary air from the secondary air intake manifold during use.

  Preferably, the device according to the invention makes it possible to inject primary air directly downstream of the first Venturi device into the inlet of the second Venturi device, whereby primary air and secondary air It has an adjustable gate or valve that can adjust the overall mixing ratio of.

  Advantageously, the first secondary air intake pipe comprises a second heat exchanger which enables the cooling of the secondary air during use.

  Preferably, the heat exchanger comprises vertical fins and the device drains condensation at its bottom.

  A second aspect of the invention relates to a façade, a façade element, or an element enabling access to a façade of a building comprising an air conditioner according to any of the preceding claims.

  Advantageously, the façade according to the invention comprises two walls separated by a ventilation space, the first and second secondary air intake pipes being in communication with said ventilation space.

  The second wall may be of the curtain or sun screen type, or preferably the façade is of the active facade type.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a method of air conditioning a limited space,
a. Drawing in external air called primary air and directing it to a predetermined pressure;
b. The step of injecting the primary air into a venturi-type device, suctioning air called secondary air from a limited space, and mixing with the primary air, wherein the secondary air is adjusted to a set temperature before mixing. Entering a first heat exchanger, thereby obtaining a first air mixture;
c. Injecting a first air mixture into a second venturi device, aspirating secondary air and mixing with the first air mixture, the secondary air being adjusted to a set temperature prior to mixing Entering a second heat exchanger,
d. Re-injecting the resulting air mixture into the confined space.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air conditioning method according to the present invention further comprises one or several suitable combinations of the following features.
The first air mixture is compressed in a mixing chamber in communication with the outlet orifice of the suction chamber, said inlet chamber having a cross-section at least twice as large as the outlet orifice of the suction chamber so as to compress the first air mixture. Have.
The predetermined pressure is 100 to 1,000 Pa, preferably 300 to 500 Pa.
The ratio of primary air intake to secondary air in the first mixing device is comprised between 0.7 and 2.5, preferably between 0.9 and 2.5, preferably above 1.6 .
The flow ratio of the intake of the first air mixture to the secondary air in the second mixing device is comprised between 2 and 4.
The pressure of the first air mixture at the inlet of the second venturi device is comprised between 50 and 200 Pa, preferably between 70 and 150 Pa.
The secondary air flows through the ventilation space between the two walls of the active facade before being carried to the first and second mixing chambers.
The primary air withdrawn in step (a) is led to a predetermined temperature before being injected into the first venturi-type device.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram illustrating the minimum requirements of an exemplary air conditioner according to the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a side sectional view along plane AA "of Fig. 1; Fig. 2 shows a side sectional view along plane BB 'of Fig. 1; Fig. 2 shows a side sectional view along plane BB 'of Fig. 1, the device comprising a bypass in the open position;

  The present invention comprises a dual induction module of secondary air and, in use, the ratio of the flow rate of the external primary air 18, 22 to the air conditioned room and the flow rate of the secondary circulating air 16, 17 It relates to a dynamic cold air flow type air conditioner 10 that makes it possible to increase it. The use of two Venturi-type induction modules arranged in series makes it possible to reduce the noise without increasing the required primary air pressure, while increasing the secondary air flow for a given primary air flow Make it possible.

  Venturi-type devices or induction devices refer to any type of device in which a first flow of air is accelerated by a cross-sectional throttling of a fluid passage that results in the suction of a second air flow by the venturi effect. It generally comprises an ejector or eductor type device in the form of a nozzle or diaphragm, or a more complex device comprising an inlet nozzle, a suction chamber and an outlet nozzle. The inlet of the venturi device points to the inlet for the first flow of air.

  Preferably, the first venturi device from which the conditioned air 18 coming from the external air conditioning battery is injected comprises an injection nozzle 3 with a throttle at its free end. This nozzle leads to a suction chamber 2 which is in communication with the secondary air pipe 9 (coming from the room to be air conditioned). The suction chamber 2 also comprises an outlet orifice 15 opposite the outlet of the injection nozzle 3. This orifice 15 is advantageously extended by the curved discharge nozzle so as to reduce the turbulence and the noise generated by the turbulence.

  Preferably, the first venturi device is dimensioned such that the flow ratio of primary air 18 to air 17 induced by the first venturi device is comprised between 0.7 and 1.5.

  Advantageously, the second Venturi-type device comprises an intake chamber, which has a cross-section at least twice as large as the outlet orifice of the suction chamber. The increased cross section of the intake chamber allows the compression of the first air mixture, which considerably improves the air induction by the second venturi-type device.

  The temperature of the primary air 18 is preferably configured at 14-18 ° C. as a function of the required cooling power. This primary air 18 further has a controlled humidity level to reduce the relative humidity of the room in order to prevent condensation phenomena. Finally, the pressure of the primary air 18 is preferably comprised between 300 and 500 Pa, ideally about 400 Pa.

  The pressure used in this description is, of course, the relative pressure to the surrounding atmospheric pressure (pressure difference to the atmosphere).

  The second induction device preferably assumes the form of a wall 14 (plate) separating the intake or mixing chamber 4 and communicates with the outlet 15 of the first venturi device from the second mixing chamber 6 to the second two. It leads to the next air intake pipe 11. This second intake pipe comprises a main heat exchanger 8 which makes it possible to cool the secondary air flow 16 induced by the second venturi device effectively.

  The wall 14 comprises an orifice 5 communicating between the first mixing chamber 4 and the second mixing chamber 6. These orifices 5 assume either a simple diaphragm form or a nozzle form that increases the velocity of the air, and thus assume the venturi effect of drawing the secondary air 16 through the primary heat exchanger 8 .

  The pressure in the first mixing chamber 4 is preferably configured at 50 to 100 Pa so as to reduce the noise generated by the device.

  The flow ratio of the intake of the secondary air 16 of the second venturi device to the outlet 19 of the first induction device is preferably comprised between 2 and 4, with primary air and air induced by the two venturi devices. The overall ratio in between leads to values greater than about 4, preferably greater than 6, and preferably even greater than 7.

  Advantageously, the primary air distribution pipe 12 and the first mixture are advantageously such that the primary air jet 22 (primary air / secondary air ratio) can be increased, for example when a large number of non-normal residents are in the room. Bypass valve 20, 21 between chamber 4 FIG. 4 shows the operation of the device when the valve 21 is in the open position. In this case, the primary air stream 22 directly enters the inlet chamber 4. In this case, preferably, the first secondary air intake pipe comprises a non-return device (not shown), for example in the form of a gate, which prevents the backflow of the primary air.

  The secondary heat exchanger 7 may advantageously be arranged in the fluid path of the secondary air flow 17 upstream from the suction of the first venturi-type device. This secondary heat exchanger 7 makes it possible, on the one hand, to increase the overall power of the device and, on the other hand, to adjust the humidity of the mixture in the first chamber 4.

  Preferably, the set temperature of the heat exchangers 7, 8 is a temperature configured at 14-20 ° C. to avoid condensation while providing sufficient cooling power. This set point temperature is configured as a function of the required cooling power and the relative humidity of the secondary air.

  Preferably, the air conditioning module (apparatus) of the present invention is incorporated into the façade, above the windows, to direct the secondary air flow in front of the hot areas generated by the windows of the building. This hot area may be advantageously optimized by using a device that mimics the active façade, such as a curtain or sun screen.

  Advantageously, the air conditioning module according to the invention is incorporated in an active façade comprising a ventilated space formed between two walls, the intake pipes 9, 11 for secondary air being connected to said ventilated space Be done. In that case, the air-conditioned secondary air circulation between the two walls makes it possible to cool the inner wall, thus making it possible to improve the comfort of the air-conditioned room, which is more It has a low temperature and comfort is improved.

  Placement on the façade allows the use of vertical exchangers and allows easy recovery and drainage of condensation on the fins of these exchangers.

  The incorporation of the air conditioning module according to the invention into the facade also makes it possible to reduce bulk and avoids the need to incorporate a flow into the ceiling, which makes installation and maintenance difficult, the primary air and cold water passages being said facades Can be easily incorporated into

  The device according to the invention may advantageously incorporate one or more activated carbon filters. Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the mixing chamber and venturi device may be coated with a catalytic paint or photocatalytic titanium oxide paint with Ag ions, which allows the reduction of volatile organic compounds present in the chamber using a UV light source. Good.

  Fresh primary air may also be carried directly from the façade using the fan, then humidity control along the heat exchanger using the condensate tab located below the heat exchanger It takes place directly.

[Example]
One exemplary embodiment of a device 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. This device is integrated into an active façade where the air is heated by the action of the sun in a ventilated space formed between two windows. The air of the ventilation space is in communication with the room conditioned by the bottom of the operating window so that the natural convection is increased by the device, whereby the secondary air flow is further improved.

  In this device, the distribution pipes 12 arranged in the facade lead the primary air to be conditioned. The air of this tube is maintained at a pressure of 410 Pa and a temperature of about 14 ° C. The humidity of this primary air is about 90%. This air is conditioned using the first integrated battery of the entire building. The energy consumption of this first battery is about 283 W at an ambient temperature of 32 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% per air conditioning module.

This conditioned primary air 18 is led through the distribution chamber 1 to the nozzle 3 leading to the first suction chamber 2. The flow rate of the air-conditioned primary air of each facade module is 25 m ³ / h.

The flow of conditioned primary air at the outlet of the nozzle 3 draws the secondary air 17 through the orifice 13. This secondary air coming from the intake pipe 9 passes through the heat exchanger 7 before being mixed with the primary air 18 in the suction chamber 2. The temperature of the cooling water of this exchanger is 12 ° C. at the inlet and 14 ° C. at the outlet. The power consumed by this battery is about 146 W. A stream of secondary air 17 comes from the active facade and enters the heat exchanger at a temperature of 34 ° C. and a relative humidity of 36%. The flow rate of the secondary air 17 of this first heat exchanger 7 induced by the primary air flow is 25 m ³ / h.

A mixture 19 of primary air 18 and secondary air 17 induced by a first venturi device is injected into a chamber 4 separated by a wall 14 pierced by an orifice 5 leading to a second suction chamber 6 . The secondary air 16 passes through the second heat exchanger 8 into the second suction chamber 6. The secondary air drawn by the pipe 11 again comes from the active facade and has the same inlet characteristics as the air entered by the pipe 9. The flow rate of secondary air induced by this second venturi device is about 150 m ³ / h.

Thus, for a primary air flow of 25 m ³ / h, an air flow of 200 m ³ / h will be obtained at the outlet of the device, ie an increase rate of 8 (ie a ratio of 1: 7). In this example, for an ambient temperature of 26 ° C., the outlet air is at 18 ° C. This conditioned air is exhausted through the orifice 23.

If necessary, the gates 20, 21 can bypass the first attraction unit (venturi device), increasing the reduction of the growth rate of the device. During operation with the gate 21 open, the primary air flow rate is 50 m ³ / h, while the secondary air flow rate induced by the second attraction unit remains constant at 150 m ³ / h and the rate of increase is It becomes eight to four.

  By forcing the secondary air into the hollow ventilation space of the active facade, it is possible to avoid an excessive increase in the temperature of the building inner wall, which increases the comfortable feeling of the occupant.

  Although the two heat exchangers 7, 8 are adjacent, in fact it is possible to use a single exchanger with walls separating the two tubes. Nevertheless, it may be interesting to adjust these two heat exchangers differently to avoid condensation in the first mixing chamber.

  The dimensions of the module of this example are compatible with the dimensions of windows commonly used in buildings in the near future, and in this example the width of the second heat exchanger is 1 m, The first exchanger is 25 cm. The height of the first and second heat exchangers is 29 cm, while the overall height of the module (including the primary air distribution pipe 12) is 60 cm.

1 primary air intake pipe 2 first suction chamber 3 primary air inlet nozzle 4 first mixing chamber 5 orifice 6 second mixing chamber 7 first heat exchanger 8 second heat exchanger 9 first secondary Air intake pipe 10 Air conditioning apparatus 11 Second secondary air intake pipe 12 Primary air distribution pipe 13 Orifice 14 Wall 15 Outlet orifice 16 Secondary air flow 17 Secondary air flow 18 Air 19 First air mixture 20 Bypass valve 21 Bypass valve 22 primary air flow 23 orifice

Claims (14)

An air conditioner (10) comprising a primary air intake pipe (1) connected to the inlet of said first venturi-type device, wherein the suction of the first venturi-type device is in communication with the first secondary air intake pipe (9). ) comprising the said first outlet of the venturi-type device, which is connected to the second secondary air intake pipe suction of the second venturi-type device comprises a main heat exchanger (8) (11) In communication with the inlet of the second Venturi-type device, said first Venturi-type device comprises a primary air inlet nozzle (3) with an aperture restriction at its free end, said free end being said first secondary air intake Appearing in a suction chamber (2) in communication with a pipe (9), said suction chamber (2) being provided with an outlet orifice (15) opposite the outlet of said inlet nozzle, said outlet orifice (15) being said second venturi Air conditioner (1 In),
The second venturi-type device comprises an intake chamber (4), the intake chamber (4) having a cross-section at least twice as large as the outlet orifice (15) of the suction chamber (2) , Air conditioner (10).   The second venturi-type device comprises a plate (14) in which an orifice (5) is formed, said plate communicating with the intake chamber (4) in communication with the outlet (15) of the first venturi-type device. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: separating a mixing chamber (6) in communication with the second secondary air intake pipe (11), the orifice (5) generating a venturi effect for drawing in secondary air during use. An air conditioner according to claim 10.   The air conditioner (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first secondary air intake pipe (9) comprises a secondary heat exchanger (7).   The air conditioner (10) according to claim 3, wherein the main heat exchanger (8) and / or the secondary heat exchanger (7) comprises vertical fins and a device for draining condensation at the bottom thereof. .   An adjustable gate enables primary air to be injected directly to the inlet of the second venturi-type device downstream of the first venturi-type device, whereby the primary air and the The overall mixing ratio with secondary air passing through the secondary air intake pipe (9) and the second secondary air intake pipe (11) of claim 1 can be adjusted. The air conditioning apparatus (10) as described in a term.   A façade comprising the air conditioner (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.   7. The façade according to claim 6, comprising two walls separated by a ventilation space, wherein the first and second secondary air inlets are connected to the ventilation space. a. Drawing in external air (18), called primary air, and directing it to a predetermined pressure;
b. Injecting the primary air (18) into the first Venturi-type device and drawing air from the confined space, called secondary air (17), from the suction chamber (2) and mixing with the primary air And wherein said secondary air enters a first heat exchanger (7) adjusted to a set temperature prior to mixing, thereby obtaining a first air mixture (19);
c. Injecting the first air mixture (19) into a second venturi-type device, aspirating secondary air (16) and mixing with the first air mixture (19), wherein Entering the second heat exchanger (8) adjusted to the set temperature before the next air mixing;
d. Re-injecting the air mixture obtained in step c into the limited space, in a limited space air conditioning method,
Said first air mixture (19) is compressed in a mixing chamber (4) in communication with the outlet orifice (15) of said suction chamber (2), said mixing chamber (4) 19) A method of limited space air conditioning, characterized in that it has a cross-section at least twice as large as the outlet orifice (15) of the suction chamber (2), so as to compress it.   The method according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined pressure is configured at 100 to 1,000 Pa.   10. A method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the flow ratio of primary air intake to secondary air in the first Venturi-type device is comprised between 0.7 and 2.5.   The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the flow ratio of the intake of the first air mixture to the secondary air in the second venturi-type device is comprised between 2 and 4.   The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the pressure of the first air mixture at the inlet of the second venturi-type device is comprised between 50 and 100 Pa.   Claimed is that the secondary air flows in the ventilation space between the two walls of the active facade before being sucked through the first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8) Item 13. The method according to any one of Items 8 to 12.   The method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the primary air sucked in step (a) is brought to a predetermined temperature before being injected into the first venturi-type device.

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