JP6518556B2 - Diagonal column frame - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a diagonal pillar frame supporting a roof and a spectator seat portion provided in an outdoor facility.

A crowd stand is provided around the field in many outdoor facilities having a field for performing various sports, competitions, events and the like. Such spectator stands are provided with a plurality of spectator seats and a roof covering the top of the plurality of spectator seats.
Patent Document 1 is a large-scaled roof frame structure supported by diagonal columns, and a slope portion is provided so as to surround the bottom portion (field), and a roof frame constructed above the slope surface and There is disclosed a frame which supports the roof frame by a slanted pillar which is inclined in a "C" shape.

  Patent Document 2 is an outer peripheral structure of a building, and discloses an outer peripheral beam and an outer peripheral pillar beam structure supported by diagonal columns continuously connected in a zig-zag shape vertically supporting the outer peripheral beam and each outer layer of the building. It is done.

  Conventionally, a pillar supporting beam supporting the spectator stand may be provided at the rear of the spectator seat to support the rear side of the roof so that the roof supporting pillar does not obstruct the view when the user views the field from the spectator seat There are many. Also, the roof is provided such that its front end projects toward the front side of the field so as to cover the audience stand.

JP, 2014-69121, A JP, 2011-26835, A

  Based on the above-described prior art, the present invention is directed to a method for improving the resistance to bending moment without thickening the roof, in the configuration in which the roof is supported by the diagonal column, the roof portion is a diagonal column and the diagonal The purpose is to provide a diagonal pillar frame supported by a tendon attached to a pillar.

  The diagonal column frame structure of the first invention is a base (for example, the lower structure 2 described later) and a diagonal column extending upward while inclining from the base toward one side in the horizontal direction (for example, a diagonal surface described below A lower bundle member (for example, a lower bundle member 35 described later) interposed between the oblique column and the base on the inclined side of the oblique column, and the upper end portion of the oblique column An upper frame member (for example, a roof frame 30 described later) which projects respectively toward the one side and the other side opposite to the upper end portion, a tensile force is introduced, and the upper frame member And a tendon (e.g., a tension cable 32 described later) stretched between the lower end of the oblique column or the base.

According to the present invention, in the diagonal column frame, the bending moment acting on one side (stand side) of the diagonal column is resisted by the tendon provided on the other end side, so bending moment resistance can be achieved without thickening the diagonal column. It can be improved.
In addition, the oblique column is supported by the lower bundle member on the inclined side and provided with a tendon on which the tensile force is introduced on the non-inclined side, and is bent back through the upper structure member by the tendon. As a result, part of the amount of bending moment generated in the diagonal column due to the vertical load is offset. As a result, the amount of vertical displacement occurring at the upper end portion of the oblique column is reduced, and the cross-sectional area of the oblique column can be reduced by securing the structural stability. Moreover, the lower bundle member can suppress the excessive deformation which arises in a diagonal pillar by supporting the slant side of a diagonal pillar from the lower side. In addition, since the lower bundle members are provided below the spectator stand, they do not obstruct the view.

In the diagonal column frame of the second invention, in addition to the diagonal column frame of the first invention, the diagonal column is an upper bundle member (for example, described later) between the middle portion of the diagonal column and the upper frame member. It is characterized by further comprising an upper bundle member 33).
With this upper bundle member, it is possible to support the inclination of the oblique column toward the inclined side by its own weight by pulling it upward.

In the diagonal column frame of the third invention, in addition to the diagonal column frame of the first or second invention, between the upper end of the diagonal column and the upper frame member, and the lower end of the diagonal column Each of the portion and the base portion is axially attached (for example, pins 39 and 41 described later).
Thus, the degree of joining can be weakened compared with the case where these are rigidly connected by pivotally connecting the oblique column and the base, and the oblique column and the upper frame member by pivotally connecting them, respectively. . Thereby, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the diagonal column to the horizontal load generated at the time of the earthquake. Specifically, the amount of bending moment generated at both ends of the oblique column can be reduced.
Further, by setting both ends of the upper bundle member to a pin joint or a degree of joint close to the pin joint, it is possible to reduce a bending moment generated in the upper bundle member due to a horizontal load generated at the time of an earthquake.

In a diagonal pillar frame according to a fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the diagonal pillar frame according to the first to third aspects, a stand support beam member extending from the diagonal pillar toward the one side (for example, a stand support beam member described later) 45), wherein the lower bundle member has a beam support (for example, a beam support 50 described later) extending toward the stand support beam and supporting the stand support beam. It features.
In this manner, by providing the spectator seat on the stand support beam member supported by the beam support portion, the spectator seat can be greatly extended and installed on one side from the diagonal pillar.

  The lower bundle member has a lower end rigidly connected to the base, an upper end pivotally attached to an intermediate portion between the upper end and the lower end of the oblique column, and includes a central axis of the oblique column It is characterized in that it is rotatably connected in a vertical plane. Since the upper end portion of the lower bundle member is connected to the oblique pillar by shaft attachment, it is possible to reduce the amount of bending moment generated at the upper end portion of the lower bundle member.

  According to the present invention, by bending back the diagonal column through the upper frame member by the tension member into which the tensile force is introduced, a part of the amount of bending moment generated in the diagonal column due to the vertical load is offset. Moreover, the vertical displacement amount which arises in the upper end part of a diagonal pillar is reduced, and the cross-sectional area of a diagonal pillar can be made small by securing structural stability. Therefore, even in the configuration in which the upper frame member is supported by the diagonal column, the cross-sectional area of the diagonal column can be reduced and narrowed, and the view can be prevented from being obstructed by the diagonal column, and the view can be improved.

It is a sectional side view which shows an example of the spectator stand to which the diagonal pillar frame which concerns on this embodiment is applied. It is a side sectional view showing the superstructure of a spectator stand. It is a perspective view which shows the upper structure of a spectator stand. It is a sectional side view which shows the joining structure of the lower end part of a diagonal pillar and a tension cable. It is a side view which shows the joining structure of the upper end part of a diagonal pillar. It is a sectional side view which shows the connection structure of the upper end part of a tension cable. It is sectional drawing which shows the joining structure of a lower bundle member and a lower structure. It is a schematic diagram of the member stress and displacement amount in the diagonal pillar frame structure which concerns on this embodiment. (A) is a schematic view at the time of vertical load action, (b) is a schematic view at the time of prestress introduction, and (c) is a schematic view of member stress and displacement amount at the time of constant load. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the spectator stand to which the diagonal pillar frame which concerns on this embodiment is applied.

The diagonal column frame structure of the present invention includes a lower structure (base) in which the diagonal column frame is disposed, a diagonal column, a lower bundle member provided between the diagonal column and the base on the diagonal side of the diagonal column, It is essential to provide a tendon on which the tensile force provided on the inclined side is introduced, and an upper frame member joined to the upper portion of the diagonal column. In the embodiment, in addition to the above-described essential components, a spectator stand or sub floor or the like is provided below the upper frame member.
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment for carrying out a diagonal pillar frame according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a spectator stand to which a diagonal post structure according to the present embodiment is applied. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the upper structure of the spectator stand. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the upper structure of the spectator stand.
As shown in FIG. 1, the spectator stand 1 provided around the field F for sports, competitions, events, etc. is constructed on the lower structure 2 and the lower structure 2 on the ground G. And a superstructure 3.

  The lower structure 2 includes a plurality of columns 21 supported on a foundation 20 formed in the ground G, and a large beam 22 supporting one or more layers of slabs supported by the columns 21. Furthermore, the lower structure 2 includes a lower stand seat 23 provided on the field F side of the girder 22. The lower stand seat 23 is formed to be inclined so as to extend gradually downward from the girder 22 toward the field F side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the upper structure 3 includes an upper frame member (a roof frame) 30, a diagonal pillar 31, a tension cable (tensile member) 32, an upper bundle member 33, and an upper audience stand 34. , And the lower bundle member 35.

  The roof frame 30 includes a plate-like roofing material (not shown) and a roof beam 36 made of steel for supporting the roofing material. A plurality of roof beams 36 are arranged at intervals in a direction along the outer periphery of the field F. Each roof beam 36 is provided to extend from the rear end 36 a toward the front end 36 b toward the field F side. Each roof beam 36 is supported by a diagonal pillar 31, a tension cable 32 and an upper bundle member 33 which will be described in detail later.

  A plurality of diagonal columns 31 are arranged at positions corresponding to the roof beams 36 at intervals in the direction along the outer periphery of the field F. The lower end 31a of the oblique column 31 is supported by the large beam 22 of the lower structure 2 and is extended upward while being inclined toward the field F from the lower end 31a to the upper end 31b.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the joint structure of the lower end portion of the diagonal pillar and the tension cable.
As shown in FIG. 4, a bracket 37 to which the lower end portion 31 a of the oblique column 31 is connected is fixed at a predetermined position on the large beam 22 by a plurality of bolts 38 fixed to the large beam 22. A lower joint plate 31p is provided at a lower end portion 31a of the oblique column 31, and the lower joint plate 31p is perpendicular to the axis of the pin 39 via a pin 39 extending in the horizontal direction with respect to the bracket 37. It is connected rotatably in the plane.
In this embodiment, as one of connection methods by shaft attachment, for example, a bracket 37 connected to the large beam 22 and a lower joint plate 31p provided at the lower end portion 31a of the oblique column 31 are connected by pins 39. The two members are supported by the pins 39. Henceforth, bearing attachment shall include the connection method which carries out pin joining of members.
Moreover, as another connection method by bearing attachment, a part of other member may be penetrated to the member which has a through-hole, and both members may be connected with a hardware.
Therefore, in the present specification, in the connection method by shaft attachment, one member to be connected is rotatably connected in a plane orthogonal to the material axial direction at the connection portion with the other member. It defines as a thing.
Further, the degree of bonding close to pin bonding is not a state in which one member is rotatably connected in the in-plane direction at the bonding portion between members, but the members are connected via a metal, or The projection of the end of the member is fitted in the recess of the other member, and it is a bonding method that allows a certain amount of rotational deformation of the member.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the joint structure of the upper end of the oblique column.
As shown in FIG. 5, an upper joint plate 31 q is provided at the upper end portion 31 b of the oblique column 31. The upper joint plate 31 q is rotated in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the pin 41 via the pin 41 extending horizontally with respect to the bracket 40 bolted to the lower surface of the roof beam 36 of the roof structure 30. It is connected freely. Here, the bracket 40 is provided at a position offset to the rear end 36 a side with respect to the middle part between the rear end 36 a and the front end 36 b of the roof beam 36. As a result, the roof beam 36 has the tip end portion 36 b projecting to one side with respect to the upper end portion 31 b of the oblique column 31, and the rear end portion 36 a projecting to the other side.

  Further, in the oblique column 31, the middle part 31c between the lower end part 31a and the upper end part 31b is formed to have the largest cross-sectional area, and as it goes from the middle part 31c to the lower end part 31a and the upper end part 31b, The cross-sectional area is formed to be gradually smaller.

As shown in FIG. 4, the tension cable 32 is made of a steel cable, and its lower end 32a is rotatably connected via a pin 42 to a bracket 37 to which the lower end 31a of the oblique column 31 is connected. ing.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing the connection structure of the upper end portion of the tension cable.
As shown in FIG. 6, the upper end 32 b of the tension cable 32 is inserted into a through hole 36 h formed in the rear end 36 a of the roof beam 36 and protrudes above the roof beam 36. Furthermore, a washer 43A and a fixing bracket 43B having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 36h are fixed to the upper end portion 32b of the tension cable 32 in a state where a predetermined tension is introduced to the tension cable 32. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper bundle member 33 is made of steel and its lower end portion 33 a is connected and fixed to a pedestal portion 31 d formed so as to protrude toward the rear of the intermediate portion 31 c of the oblique column 31. The upper bundle member 33 is provided to extend substantially vertically upward from the lower end 33a to the upper end 33b. The upper bundle member 33 has an upper end 33 b connected and fixed to the lower surface of the roof beam 36. The upper end 33 b of the upper bundle member 33 is connected to the roof beam 36 between the connecting position of the upper end 31 b of the oblique column 31 and the connecting position of the upper end 32 b of the tension cable 32.

The upper spectator stand 34 includes a stand support beam member 45 and a spectator seat member 46.
The stand support beam member 45 is a reinforced concrete structure, and is provided on the side facing the field F with respect to the oblique column 31. The stand support beam member 45 has a base end 45 a integrally connected to a bulging portion 31 e provided in the field F at the middle portion 31 c of the oblique column 31. The stand support beam member 45 is provided so as to extend obliquely downward from the base end 45 a toward the tip 45 b on the field F side.
The spectator seat member 46 is provided in a step-like manner on the stand support beam member 45 so that the spectator can be seated on each step of the spectator seat member 46.

The lower bundle member 35 supports the middle portion 31 c of the oblique column 31 from below. The lower bundle member 35 is provided with a joint plate 35p at an upper end portion 35a. A bracket 47 is provided on the bulging portion 31e provided in the middle portion 31c of the oblique column 31, and the joint plate 35p is rotatably coupled to the bracket 47 via a pin 48. As a result, the lower bundle member 35 has the upper end portion 35 a pivotally attached to the middle portion 31 c of the oblique column 31 via the pin 48 and is rotatably connected.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint structure of the lower end portion of the lower bundle member to the lower structure.
As shown in FIG. 7, the lower end portion 35 b of the lower bundle member 35 is fixed on the large beam 22 via a plurality of PC steel rods 49. A tension is introduced to each PC steel rod 49 at the time of construction, whereby the lower end 35 b of the lower bundle member 35 is rigidly joined to the girder 22.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower bundle member 35 is integrally provided with a beam supporting portion 50 which is inclined upward from the lower end portion 35b toward the field F and supports the stand supporting beam member 45. . As a result, in the lower bundle member 35, the lower bundle member 35 itself and the beam support portion 50 are formed in a substantially V shape.
The beam support portion 50 is provided with a joint plate 50p at its upper end 50a.
A bracket 51 is provided at an intermediate portion 45c between the base end 45a and the distal end 45b of the stand support beam member 45, and the joint plate 50p is rotatably connected to the bracket 51 via the pin 52. It is done. Thus, the beam supporting portion 50 is axially attached to the intermediate portion 45 c of the stand supporting beam member 45 via the pin 52 and is rotatably connected.

As shown in FIG. 3, between the middle portions 31c, 31c of the diagonal columns 31, 31 adjacent to each other in the direction along the outer periphery of the field F, and between the middle portions 45c, 45c of the stand support beam members 45, 45, Lateral beams 60, 61 continuous to the outer peripheral direction of the field F are provided.
Further, the roof beams 36 and 36 and the diagonal columns 31 and 31 adjacent to each other in the direction along the outer periphery of the field F are connected to each other by connecting members 62 and 63 provided in a truss or brace shape, respectively. ing.

In the upper structure 3 as described above, a subfloor 70 for providing a broadcast seat, a staff room and the like may be provided below the roof structure 30.
The sub floor 70 includes a floor beam 71 connected and fixed to the diagonal column 31 and a post 72 extending upward from the floor beam 71 and suspended from the roof beam 36 or another floor beam 71 above.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of member stress and displacement amount in the diagonal column frame structure of the present embodiment. (A) is a schematic view at the time of vertical load action, (b) is a schematic view at the time of prestress introduction, and (c) is a schematic view of member stress and displacement amount at the time of constant load.
As shown in FIG. 8A, in the upper structure 3, the roof frame 30 is supported by the diagonal column 31 at the middle portion of the roof beam 36 and is moved downward by the tension cable 32 to the rear end 36a of the roof beam 36. The roof beam 36 is further connected to the upper bundle member 33 provided between the connection position of the oblique column 31 and the connection position of the tension cable 32. In such a configuration, a bending moment MG due to the vertical load of the roof structure 30 acts in the vicinity of the center of the oblique column 31 in the material axial direction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the tension beam 32 connected to the rear end portion 36a of the roof beam 36 causes the roof beam 36 to receive a prestressing load P downward on the rear end portion 36a. doing. A horizontal component δ _YP is generated at the upper end of the diagonal column 31 by the prestress load P, and the roof beam 36 is bent back to cancel the bending moment MP (MG + MP = 0). Thus, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), the vertical displacement [delta] _Zt and horizontal displacement [delta] _Yt occurring on the upper end portion 31b of the diagonal column 31 is reduced _{(δ Zt = δ ZG + δ} ZP, δ Yt = δ _YG + δ _YP ).

As shown in FIG. 1, the oblique column frame structure of the present embodiment described above includes the lower structure 2, an oblique column 31 extending upward while inclining from the lower structure 2 toward one side in the horizontal direction, and The lower bundle member 35 interposed between the oblique column 31 and the lower structure 2 on one side with respect to the column 31 and the upper end 31 b of the oblique column 31 are connected to one side with respect to the upper end 31 b And the other side of the roof beam 36 extending toward the other side, and a prestress is introduced, and a tension is provided between the roof beam 36 and the lower end 31a of the diagonal column 31 or the lower structure 2 And a cable 32.
According to such a configuration, the diagonal column 31 supporting the roof beam 36 is supported by the lower bundle member 35 and is installed obliquely. A bending moment M by the vertical load from the roof beam 36 acts on the upper end portion 31 b of the oblique column 31. A prestress load P is applied to the roof beam 36 by the tension cable 32, and the roof beam 36 is bent back by the prestress load P, and at least a part of the bending moment M is offset. As a result, the amount of vertical displacement occurring at the upper end portion 31 b of the oblique column 31 is reduced, and structural stability is ensured. Therefore, the bending moment resistance can be improved without increasing the cross sectional area of the oblique column 31. As a result, even in a configuration in which the roof beam 36 projecting largely to the field F side is supported by the diagonal column 31, the cross-sectional area of the diagonal column 31 can be reduced and made thinner. It becomes possible to prevent being disturbed and to improve the view.
Further, by using the tension cable 32 having flexibility as the tendon, lifting is facilitated and there is no need to provide a joint portion in the middle portion of the tendon or the like, and the work process can be shortened.

  Further, the upper end 31 b and the lower end 31 a of the oblique column 31 are respectively pivotally attached to the roof beam 36 and the lower structure 2, and are rotatably connected within a vertical plane including the central axis of the oblique column 31. . In this manner, by rotatably connecting the oblique columns 31 and the lower structure 2, and the oblique columns 31 and the roof beams 36, it is possible to weaken the degree of joint as compared with the case where they are rigidly jointed. As a result, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the oblique column 31 to the horizontal load generated at the time of the earthquake. Specifically, the amount of bending moment generated at both ends of the oblique column 31 can be reduced.

Further, a lower bundle member 35 interposed between the oblique column 31 and the lower structure 2 is further provided on the inclined side of the oblique column 31. By providing the lower bundle member 35, the roof beam 36 can be supported by the oblique column 31 having a certain inclination angle. The lower bundle member 35 can be provided below the spectator stand 1 so as not to disturb the field of view.
Furthermore, in the lower bundle member 35, the lower end 35b is rigidly joined to the lower structure 2, and the upper end 35a is the center of the oblique post 31 with respect to the intermediate part between the upper end 35a and the lower end 35b of the oblique post 31. It is rotatably connected in a vertical plane including an axis. Thus, by weakening the degree of connection between the oblique column 31 and the lower bundle member 35, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the lower bundle member 35 with respect to the horizontal load generated at the time of the earthquake. Specifically, the amount of bending moment generated at the end of the lower bundle member 35 can be reduced.

  Further, the lower bundle member 35 further includes a stand support beam member 45 extending from the oblique column 31 toward one side, and the lower bundle member 35 extends toward the stand support beam member 45 and supports the stand support beam member 45. have. In this manner, by providing the spectator seat member 46 on the stand support beam member 45 supported by the beam support portion 50, the lower stand seat 23 can be installed largely projecting from the diagonal pillar 31 to one side. It becomes.

  In addition, between the middle portion 31 c of the oblique column 31 and the roof beam 36, the connection between the connection position of the upper end 31 b of the oblique column 31 to the roof beam 36 and the connection position of the upper end 32 b of the tension cable 32. There is further provided an upper bundle member 33 which is freely connected. With the upper bundle member 33, it is possible to support the slanted column 31 to be inclined upward (the field F side) by its own weight by pulling it upward. The upper bundle member 33 has its both ends rotatably connected, so that it is possible to reduce the bending moment generated in the upper bundle member 33 by the horizontal load generated at the time of the earthquake.

(Other embodiments)
In addition, the diagonal pillar frame of this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment described with reference to drawings, Various modified examples are considered in the technical scope.
For example, although the subfloor 70 is provided below the roof beam 36 in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the spectator stand to which the diagonal post structure according to the present embodiment is applied. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper structure 3 can be configured without providing such a subfloor 70.

Further, for example, although the tension cable 32 is used in the above embodiment, if a tensile force can be introduced, a rod or the like into which a tensile force is introduced may be used instead of the cable.
Moreover, although the upper structure 3 was provided on the lower structure 2 in the said embodiment, it does not restrict to this. The upper structure 3 may be provided directly on the foundation 20.
In addition to this, it is possible to select the configuration described in the above embodiment or to appropriately change it to another configuration without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 audience stand 2 lower structure (base)
3 superstructure 20 foundation 23 lower stand seat 30 upper frame member (roof frame)
31 Diagonal column (31a: lower end, 31b: upper end, 31c: middle part)
32 tension cable (tendon material) (32a: lower end, 32b: upper end)
33 upper bundle member (33a: lower end, 33b: upper end)
34 Upper audience stand 35 Lower bundle member (35a: upper end, 35b: lower end)
36 Roof beam (36a: rear end, 6b: front end)
45 stand support beam member (45a: base end, 45b: tip, 45c: middle part)
50 Beam support 50a upper end of beam support F field G ground

Claims (4)

The base,
A slanted pillar extending upward while inclining from the base toward one side in the horizontal direction;
A lower bundle member interposed between the oblique column and the base on the inclined side of the oblique column;
An upper frame member connected to an upper end portion of the oblique column and projecting toward the one side and the other side opposite to the upper end portion;
A tensioning member introduced with tension and tensioned between the other side of the upper frame member and the lower end of the oblique column or the base;
Diagonal pillar frame equipped with   The diagonal column frame according to claim 1, wherein the diagonal column further comprises an upper bundle member between an intermediate portion of the diagonal column and the upper frame member.   3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper end of the oblique column and the upper frame member, and the lower end of the oblique column and the base are axially attached to each other. Diagonal pillar frame described. The apparatus further comprises a stand support beam member extending from the oblique pillar toward the one side,
The diagonal pillar frame according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lower bundle member has a beam support portion extending toward the stand support beam member and supporting the stand support beam member.

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