JP6495646B2 - Tillage nail - Google Patents

Tillage nail Download PDF

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JP6495646B2
JP6495646B2 JP2014258029A JP2014258029A JP6495646B2 JP 6495646 B2 JP6495646 B2 JP 6495646B2 JP 2014258029 A JP2014258029 A JP 2014258029A JP 2014258029 A JP2014258029 A JP 2014258029A JP 6495646 B2 JP6495646 B2 JP 6495646B2
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blade portion
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claw
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JP2016116471A (en
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天間　修一
修一 天間
諒 佐々木
諒 佐々木
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株式会社ササキコーポレーション
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Description

本発明は、耕耘爪に係る。詳細には、代かき機に取り付けて使用される耕耘爪に係る。   The present invention relates to a tilling nail. Specifically, the present invention relates to a tilling claw that is used by being attached to a shaving machine.

特許文献１に記載の「耕耘爪」は、「取付け基部１と、平面板からなる縦刃部２と、弯曲板からなる横刃部２４３とが一体的に構成されてなる耕耘爪において、回転爪軸Ｓの回転軸線を法線とする面を側面としたとき、側面視における取付け基部１の中心を通る鉛直線分から弯曲開始部Ｆの刃縁までの弯曲開始水平距離Ｌが、弯曲曲率半径ｒの最小値である最小弯曲曲率半径ｒ１よりも小さく、横刃部２４刃縁の横方向先端位置Ｑまでの側面視刃縁形状において、回転爪軸Ｓの回転軸線Ｓ０から刃縁下端までの刃縁距離Ｒを、横刃部３の中途位置で最大刃縁距離Ｒ２となるように連続的に変化させてなる。」を提供するものである。   The “cultivation claw” described in Patent Document 1 is a “cultivation claw in which a mounting base 1, a vertical blade portion 2 made of a flat plate, and a horizontal blade portion 243 made of a curved plate are integrally formed. When a plane whose normal is the rotation axis of the claw axis S is defined as a side surface, a curve starting horizontal distance L from a vertical line passing through the center of the mounting base 1 to the blade edge of the curve starting portion F in a side view is a curvature radius. In a side-view edge shape that is smaller than the minimum radius of curvature r1 that is the minimum value of r and that extends to the lateral tip position Q of the blade edge 24, the distance from the rotation axis S0 of the rotary claw shaft S to the lower edge of the blade edge. The blade edge distance R is continuously changed so as to be the maximum blade edge distance R2 at the midway position of the horizontal blade portion 3. "

特許文献２に記載の「耕耘爪」は、「耕耘爪１は、耕耘爪軸６０に取り付けられる取付基部３から連続して延びる縦刃部１０及び横刃部２０を有し、縦刃部１０から横刃部２０にかけて回転方向と逆向きに湾曲するとともに、横刃部２０が一方側に湾曲してなる。耕耘爪１の最大回転半径Ｒｍとなる位置Ｒ２と、最大切削幅Ｈ１となる位置Ｌ１とは別の位置にある。また最大回転半径Ｒｍとなる位置Ｒ２から最大切削幅Ｈ１となる位置Ｌ１との間の横刃部２０の先端面２２に最大回転半径Ｒｍの位置Ｒ２から延びる直線部２５を設け、最大回転半径Ｒｍの位置Ｒ２での耕土表面とのなす刃先進入角度を５０°〜５５°の範囲にする。」を提供するものである。   The “cultivation claw” described in Patent Document 2 is “the cultivation claw 1 has a vertical blade portion 10 and a horizontal blade portion 20 that continuously extend from the mounting base 3 attached to the cultivation claw shaft 60. To the horizontal blade portion 20 and curved in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and the horizontal blade portion 20 is curved to one side, a position R2 that is the maximum rotation radius Rm of the tilling claw 1 and a position that is the maximum cutting width H1. A straight line extending from the position R2 having the maximum rotation radius Rm to the tip surface 22 of the side blade portion 20 between the position R2 having the maximum rotation radius Rm and the position L1 having the maximum cutting width H1. The portion 25 is provided, and the blade tip entry angle formed with the cultivated soil surface at the position R2 having the maximum turning radius Rm is in the range of 50 ° to 55 °.

特許文献３に記載の「耕耘爪」は、「耕耘爪１は、耕耘爪軸６０に取り付けられる取付基部３から連続して延びる縦刃部１０及び横刃部２０を有し、縦刃部１０から横刃部２０にかけて回転方向と逆向きに弯曲するとともに、横刃部２０が縦刃部１０に対して一方側に弯曲する。縦刃部１０は取付基部３に対して一側方に傾斜する。縦刃部１０の折曲開始部分１１は、耕耘爪軸６０に取り付けて耕耘爪軸中心と取付基部３の中心を通る線分から爪先端までの爪軸軸芯方向の側面視における爪長さを爪全長Ｌとしたときに、爪全長Ｌの取付基部側寄りの１／４付近に位置し、横刃部２０の折曲開始部分２３は、爪全長Ｌの半分よりも先端側寄りとされる。横刃部２０の先端部の断面形状は、一側方に弯曲する横刃部２０の弯曲方向と同方向側に凸状に弯曲して形成される。」を提供するものである。   The “cultivation claw” described in Patent Document 3 is “the cultivation claw 1 has a vertical blade portion 10 and a horizontal blade portion 20 that continuously extend from the mounting base 3 attached to the cultivation claw shaft 60. To the horizontal blade portion 20 and bent in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and the horizontal blade portion 20 is bent to one side with respect to the vertical blade portion 10. The vertical blade portion 10 is inclined to one side with respect to the mounting base 3. The bending start portion 11 of the vertical blade portion 10 is attached to the tilling claw shaft 60 and the nail length in a side view in the direction of the nail axis from the line segment passing through the center of the tilling claw shaft and the center of the mounting base 3 to the claw tip. When the length of the claw is L, the claw full length L is located in the vicinity of ¼ of the attachment base portion side, and the bending start portion 23 of the side blade portion 20 is closer to the tip side than half of the claw full length L. The cross-sectional shape of the distal end portion of the horizontal blade portion 20 is on the same direction side as the bending direction of the horizontal blade portion 20 that is bent to one side. Jo to be formed by curved. There is provided a ".

特開２００６−１０９７８７号公報JP 2006-109787 A 特開２００７−７４９７４号公報JP 2007-74974 A 特開２０１２−８０９０１号公報JP 2012-80901 A

特許文献１、２、３記載の「耕耘爪」はいずれも、「縦刃部１０から横刃部２０にかけて回転方向と逆向きに湾曲するとともに、横刃部２０が一方側に湾曲してなる。」、あるいは、「縦刃部１０から横刃部２０にかけて回転方向と逆向きに弯曲するとともに、横刃部２０が縦刃部１０に対して一方側に弯曲する。」等、先端部が基部に対して湾曲はしている。しかし、湾曲度は充分とはいえないものであった。そのため、代掻き使用時に、砕土性は限られ、耕耘爪が土を移動させる量が限られていた。
そのため、従来の耕耘爪を用いた代かき機では、同一箇所で何回も繰り返し作業をする必要があり、ゆっくり作業をする必要がある課題を有した。 Each of the “cultivation claws” described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 “curves in the direction opposite to the rotation direction from the vertical blade portion 10 to the horizontal blade portion 20, and the horizontal blade portion 20 curves to one side. Or the tip portion is, for example, “curved from the vertical blade portion 10 to the horizontal blade portion 20 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and the horizontal blade portion 20 is bent to one side with respect to the vertical blade portion 10”. Curved relative to the base. However, the degree of curvature was not sufficient. Therefore, at the time of use of scraping, the crushed property is limited, and the amount by which the tilling nail moves the soil is limited.
Therefore, in the conventional shaving machine using the tilling nail, it was necessary to repeat the work many times at the same place, and there was a problem that it was necessary to work slowly.

本発明の目的は、耕耘爪の砕土性を向上するとともに、耕耘爪が土を持回る量を向上し、早く作業をすることを可能とし、同一箇所での作業を軽減することを可能とする。   The purpose of the present invention is to improve the soil crushing property of the tilling nail, improve the amount that the tilling nail carries around the soil, enable the work to be done quickly, and reduce the work at the same location. .

本発明の耕耘刃は、
基部を爪軸の軸周に放射方向に取り付けられ、回転されることで土壌を耕耘する耕耘爪であって、爪軸への取り付け状態においては、基部から延びる平面板からなる直刃部と、直刃部から一側方に傾斜して延びる平面からなる横刃部と、横刃部から一側方に延びる平面からなる直交刃部とを有し、直刃部から横刃部に掛けて回転方向と逆向きに湾曲されているとともに、直刃部から横刃部及び直交刃部にかけての回転方向前側に刃部を有し、直交刃部平面は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向の法線に対し前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に傾斜しており、
直交刃部と横刃部との境界部の回転方向前方端部近傍が回転半径は最大となっており、
直交刃部の爪軸回転中心側に面する平面は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向の法線に対して前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に４５度乃至５０度角傾斜しており、
耕耘爪は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向に面する直交刃部の、回転軸と直交する側面側から見た投影面積は、耕耘爪の回転軸と直交する側面側から見た横刃部２４の投影面積より１．３乃至１．６倍大きい。 The tillage blade of the present invention is
A tilling nail that cultivates the soil by being attached to the axis of the nail shaft in the radial direction and rotating, and in a state of attachment to the nail shaft, a straight blade portion made of a flat plate extending from the base, It has a horizontal blade part consisting of a flat surface extending obliquely from one side of the straight blade part and an orthogonal blade part consisting of a flat surface extending one side from the horizontal blade part, and is hung from the straight blade part to the horizontal blade part. It is curved in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and has a blade portion on the front side in the rotation direction from the straight blade portion to the horizontal blade portion and the orthogonal blade portion, and the orthogonal blade portion plane rotates in the attached state to the claw shaft. Inclined toward the center of rotation from the front side to the rear side with respect to the normal of the direction,
The rotation radius is the maximum in the vicinity of the front end in the rotational direction of the boundary portion between the orthogonal blade portion and the horizontal blade portion,
The plane facing the claw axis rotation center side of the orthogonal blade part is inclined by 45 to 50 degrees toward the rotation center side from the front side to the rear side with respect to the normal line of the rotation direction when attached to the claw axis. And
The tillage nail is attached to the nail shaft, and the projected area of the orthogonal blade portion facing the rotation direction viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis is the horizontal area viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tillage nail. 1.3 to 1.6 times larger than the projected area of the blade 24.

本発明によれば、耕耘爪の砕土性を向上するとともに、耕耘爪が土を持回る量を向上し、早く作業をすることを可能とし、同一箇所での作業を軽減することを可能とする。   According to the present invention, the soil crushability of the tilling nail is improved, the amount that the tilling nail carries around the soil is improved, it is possible to work quickly, and the work at the same location can be reduced. .

この発明の実施の形態に係る実施例の代かき機に取り付けた使用状態正面断面図である。It is a use state front sectional view attached to the shaving machine of the example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る実施例の作動状態正面図である。It is an operation state front view of the example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る第１実施例に係る耕耘爪の正面図である。It is a front view of the tilling nail concerning the 1st example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る第１実施例に係る耕耘爪の平面図である。It is a top view of the tilling nail concerning the 1st example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る第１実施例に係る耕耘爪の側面図であって耕耘爪の刃先端側から見た投影図である。It is a side view of the tilling nail concerning the 1st example concerning an embodiment of this invention, and is a projection figure seen from the blade tip side of a tilling nail. この発明の実施の形態に係る第２実施例に係る耕耘爪の正面図である。It is a front view of the tilling nail concerning the 2nd example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る第２実施例に係る耕耘爪の平面図である。It is a top view of the tilling nail concerning the 2nd example concerning an embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る第２実施例に係る耕耘爪の側面図である。It is a side view of the tilling nail concerning the 2nd example concerning an embodiment of this invention. 図５における耕耘爪の回転軸と直交する側面側から見た投影図のＡ部拡大図である。It is the A section enlarged view of the projection figure seen from the side surface orthogonal to the rotating shaft of the tilling nail in FIG. 図５における耕耘爪の回転軸と直交する側面側から見た投影図のＢ部拡大図である。It is the B section enlarged view of the projection view seen from the side surface orthogonal to the rotating shaft of the tilling nail in FIG.

この発明の実施の一形態に係る第１実施例を図１乃至図５、及び、第２実施例を図６乃至図８に基づいて説明する。   A first example according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and a second example with reference to FIGS.

１１は、代かき機である。代かき機１１は、トラクタ（図示せず）に牽引されて、図１矢示方向即ち図中左方に移動される。
１６は爪軸である。爪軸１６は、トラクタに牽引される。１２は、カバーである。カバー１２は、回転軸である爪軸１６の上部に設置され爪軸１６上部を覆う。
１３は、第１レベラーである。第１レベラー１３は、カバー１２の後部に取り付けられ土壌をならす。１４は、第２レベラーであり、第１レベラー１３の後部に取り付けられ、土壌をならす。１５は、レーキであり、第１レベラー１３より土壌寄りに取り付けられる。 11 is a scraper. The scraper 11 is pulled by a tractor (not shown) and moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.
Reference numeral 16 denotes a claw shaft. The claw shaft 16 is pulled by the tractor. Reference numeral 12 denotes a cover. The cover 12 is installed on the upper portion of the claw shaft 16 that is a rotation shaft and covers the upper portion of the claw shaft 16.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a first leveler. The first leveler 13 is attached to the rear part of the cover 12 and smoothes the soil. 14 is a 2nd leveler, is attached to the rear part of the 1st leveler 13, and leveles soil. Reference numeral 15 denotes a rake, which is attached closer to the soil than the first leveler 13.

２１は、耕耘爪である。耕耘爪２１は、全体として湾曲あるいは傾斜した平面状からなる。２２は、耕耘爪２１の基部である。
第１実施例において図３に図示されるＯ１、第２実施例において図６に図示されるＯ２は、耕耘爪２１の回転中心である。第１実施例において図３に図示されるＬ１、第２実施例において図６に図示されるＬ２は、法線である。第１実施例において図３に図示されるｒ１は、第２実施例において図６に図示されるｒ２は、回転軸線である。
２３は、耕耘爪２１の直刃部２３である。直刃部２３は、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、放射方向と交差する方向、これらの実施例では、回転方向に延びる平面板からなる。 21 is a tilling nail. The tilling claw 21 has a planar shape that is curved or inclined as a whole. Reference numeral 22 denotes a base portion of the tilling claw 21.
In the first embodiment, O1 shown in FIG. 3 and O2 shown in FIG. 6 in the second embodiment are the rotation centers of the tilling claws 21. L1 shown in FIG. 3 in the first embodiment and L2 shown in FIG. 6 in the second embodiment are normal lines. In the first embodiment, r1 shown in FIG. 3 is the rotation axis line r2 shown in FIG. 6 in the second embodiment.
Reference numeral 23 denotes a straight blade portion 23 of the tilling claw 21. The straight blade portion 23 is a state of being attached to the claw shaft 16 and made of a flat plate extending in the direction intersecting the radial direction, in these embodiments, in the rotational direction.

２４は、耕耘爪２１の横刃部２４である。横刃部２４は、第１実施例では、直刃部２３から直刃部２３の平面に対して爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、一側方に傾斜して延びる平面板からなる。あるいは、横刃部２４は、爪軸１６の回転軸方向に傾斜して延びる。
第２実施例では、横刃部２４は、直刃部２３から横刃部２４に掛けて爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、一側方に湾曲される平面板からなっている。
図３乃至図５に図示する、第１実施例は、折り曲げタイプの横刃部２４からなり、第１実施例における横刃部２４は、図４に図示されるように、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、平面視直線状となっている。 Reference numeral 24 denotes a side blade portion 24 of the tilling claw 21. In the first embodiment, the horizontal blade portion 24 is made of a flat plate that extends from the straight blade portion 23 while being inclined to one side in an attached state to the claw shaft 16 with respect to the plane of the straight blade portion 23. Alternatively, the side blade portion 24 extends while being inclined in the direction of the rotation axis of the claw shaft 16.
In the second embodiment, the horizontal blade portion 24 is made of a flat plate that is bent to one side in a state of being attached to the claw shaft 16 from the straight blade portion 23 to the horizontal blade portion 24.
The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is composed of a bending type horizontal blade portion 24, and the horizontal blade portion 24 in the first embodiment is attached to the claw shaft 16 as shown in FIG. In the attached state, it is linear in plan view.

第１実施例のように、横刃部２４が、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、平面視直線状となっていると、横移動の速度が速くなり、また、土壌に加わる押圧力が大きくなり、練り込み効果が大きくなる。
第２実施例は、円弧状タイプの横刃部２４からなり、横刃部２４は、図７に図示されるように、直刃部２３から直刃部２３の平面に対して爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、平面視Ｒ状に湾曲している平面板からなる。
第２実施例のように、横刃部２４が、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、平面視円弧状に湾曲している形状の場合、直線状の場合に比較して土壌の移動速度が緩やかになるため、練り込み性能も緩やかになる。 As in the first embodiment, when the horizontal blade portion 24 is attached to the claw shaft 16 and has a linear shape in plan view, the speed of the lateral movement is increased and the pressing force applied to the soil is large. And the kneading effect is increased.
2nd Example consists of the horizontal blade part 24 of an arc-shaped type, and the horizontal blade part 24 goes to the nail | claw axis | shaft 16 with respect to the plane of the straight blade part 23 from the straight blade part 23 so that it may illustrate in FIG. In the attached state, it consists of a flat plate that is curved in an R shape in plan view.
As in the second embodiment, when the horizontal blade portion 24 is attached to the claw shaft 16 and is curved in the shape of a circular arc in plan view, the movement speed of the soil is slower than that in a straight shape. Therefore, the kneading performance becomes moderate.

２５は、耕耘爪２１の直交刃部である。第１実施例、第２実施例とも、直交刃部２５は、横刃部２４の平面に対して爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、横刃部２４から一側方に延び、回転方向と直交する方向の平面からなる。
第１実施例の直交刃部２５は、図３、図４に図示されるように、横刃部２４から延び、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、横刃部２４の平面に対して傾斜度を変え、傾斜度を深くし、一側方に延びる平面からなり、直刃部２３の平面に対して略垂直方向に延ばされる。
第２実施例の直交刃部２５は、横刃部２４から延び横刃部２４の平面に対して、湾曲から傾斜に変えて一側方に延びる平面からなり、直刃部２３の平面に対して略垂直方向に延ばされる。 Reference numeral 25 denotes an orthogonal blade portion of the tilling claw 21. In both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the orthogonal blade portion 25 is attached to the claw shaft 16 with respect to the plane of the horizontal blade portion 24, extends from the lateral blade portion 24 to one side, and is orthogonal to the rotational direction. It consists of a plane in the direction.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the orthogonal blade portion 25 of the first embodiment extends from the horizontal blade portion 24 and is inclined with respect to the plane of the horizontal blade portion 24 when attached to the claw shaft 16. Is changed, the inclination is deepened, and is formed of a plane extending to one side, and is extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the straight blade portion 23.
The orthogonal blade portion 25 of the second embodiment is formed of a flat surface extending from the horizontal blade portion 24 and extending to one side with respect to the flat surface of the horizontal blade portion 24, with respect to the flat surface of the straight blade portion 23. Are extended in a substantially vertical direction.

第１実施例においては、図３に図示されるように、また、第２実施例においては、図６に図示されるように、耕耘爪２１において、直刃部２３から横刃部２４にかけて爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、回転方向と逆向きに湾曲されている。直刃部２３から横刃部２４及び直交刃部２５にかけての回転方向前側に刃部を有している。
図３、図６に図示されるように、直交刃部２５平面は爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、回転方向に対し前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に傾斜している。 In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, and in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in the tilling claw 21, the claw extends from the straight blade portion 23 to the horizontal blade portion 24. When attached to the shaft 16, it is bent in the direction opposite to the rotational direction. A blade portion is provided on the front side in the rotational direction from the straight blade portion 23 to the horizontal blade portion 24 and the orthogonal blade portion 25.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the plane of the orthogonal blade portion 25 is attached to the claw shaft 16 and is inclined toward the center of rotation from the front side to the rear side with respect to the rotation direction.

第１実施例においては図３に、第２実施例においては図６に図示されるように、耕耘爪２１の先端は、法線Ｌ１、Ｌ２内に収まっている。
図３、図６に想像線で図示される、曲げる前の展開状態の耕耘爪４１と比較すると、曲げる前の展開状態の耕耘爪４１の先端は、法線Ｌ１、Ｌ２外にはみ出している。それに対して、第１実施例、第２実施例とも、曲げた後の本実施例に係る直交刃部２５は、直刃部２３の平面に対して略垂直方向に延ばされる。曲げる前の展開状態の耕耘爪４１で法線の外側にはみ出している分だけ、曲げた後の本実施例にでは、直交刃部２５平面が形成されている。
５１は、耕耘爪２１先端の回転軌跡である。回転軌跡５１は、最大回転半径である。
これら実施例では耕耘爪２１は、直交刃部２５と横刃部２４との境界部の爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、回転方向前方端部近傍が回転半径は最大となっている。 As shown in FIG. 3 in the first embodiment and in FIG. 6 in the second embodiment, the tip of the tilling claw 21 is within the normal lines L1 and L2.
Compared with the tilling claw 41 in the unfolded state before bending, which is illustrated by imaginary lines in FIGS. 3 and 6, the tips of the tilling claws 41 in the unfolded state before bending are protruding outside the normal lines L1 and L2. On the other hand, in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the orthogonal blade portion 25 according to this embodiment after being bent is extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the straight blade portion 23. In the present embodiment after bending, the plane of the orthogonal blade portion 25 is formed by the amount protruding beyond the normal line by the tilling claws 41 in the unfolded state before bending.
Reference numeral 51 denotes a rotation locus of the tip of the tilling claw 21. The rotation locus 51 is the maximum rotation radius.
In these embodiments, the tilling claw 21 is attached to the claw shaft 16 at the boundary portion between the orthogonal blade portion 25 and the horizontal blade portion 24, and has a maximum turning radius in the vicinity of the front end portion in the rotation direction.

第１実施例では図３、第２実施例では図６に図示されるように耕耘爪２１は、直交刃部２５の爪軸１６回転中心側に面する平面は、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、回転方向の法線に対して前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に４５度乃至５０度角（図３中ｃ１、図６中ｃ２）傾斜している。
４５度乃至５０度角傾斜しているため、土壌を持回るのに有効である。
第１実施例では、耕耘爪２１は、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、回転方向に面する直交刃部２５の、回転軸と直交する側面側から見た図５に示す方向から見た投影面積は、図９に図示される平面状のＢ部分となり、耕耘爪の回転軸と直交する側面側から見た図５に示す方向から見た横刃部２４の投影面積は、図１０に図示されるＡ部分の形状となり、Ａ部分よりＢ部分の投影面積は、１．３乃至１．６倍大きい。
第２実施例でも、図８に示す方向から見た投影面積は平面状となるＢ部分である直交刃部２５は、耕耘爪の刃先端側から見たとき斜めとなる図８に示す方向から見た投影面積であるＡ部分である横刃部２４よりも、１．３乃至１．６倍大きい。
そのため、直交刃部２５で、土壌を持回るのに有効である。 As shown in FIG. 3 in the first embodiment and in FIG. 6 in the second embodiment, the tilling claw 21 is attached to the claw shaft 16 on the plane facing the rotation center side of the claw shaft 16 of the orthogonal blade portion 25. Thus, it is inclined from the front side toward the rear side by 45 ° to 50 ° angles (c1 in FIG. 3, c2 in FIG. 6) with respect to the normal line in the rotation direction.
Since it is inclined 45 to 50 degrees, it is effective for carrying around the soil.
In the first embodiment, the tilling claw 21 is attached to the claw shaft 16 and projected from the direction shown in FIG. 5 as viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis of the orthogonal blade portion 25 facing the rotation direction. The area is a flat B portion shown in FIG. 9, and the projected area of the side blade portion 24 seen from the direction shown in FIG. 5 seen from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tilling nail is shown in FIG. The projected area of the B portion is 1.3 to 1.6 times larger than the A portion.
Also in the second embodiment, the orthogonal blade portion 25, which is a B portion having a planar shape when viewed from the direction shown in FIG. 8, is inclined from the direction shown in FIG. 8 when viewed from the blade tip side of the tilling nail. It is 1.3 to 1.6 times larger than the horizontal blade portion 24 which is the portion A that is the projected area.
Therefore, the orthogonal blade portion 25 is effective for carrying around the soil.

爪軸１６回転中心軸方向視の直刃部２３と横刃部２４の境界部の長さは、基部２２と直刃部２３の境界長さの１．８〜２．１倍であり、直交刃部２５と横刃部２４との境界部の長さは、直刃部２３と横刃部２４の境界部の長さの１．４乃至１．６倍である。
１．４乃至１．６倍であるため、土壌の持ち上げ量が増え、練り込みが有効に行える。
２６は、取付孔であり、耕耘爪２１の基部２２に穿設される。
図４、図７に図示されるように、直刃部２４の基部２２側から直交刃部２５の基部２２側に至る肉厚は、同厚としても良いが、これらの実施例では順次厚さを薄くしている。順次厚さを薄くしているため、耕耘刃２１先端側に弾性を持たせ、基部２２への応力集中を軽減し、振動を吸収することができる。 The length of the boundary portion between the straight blade portion 23 and the side blade portion 24 as viewed in the direction of the central axis of the claw shaft 16 is 1.8 to 2.1 times the boundary length between the base portion 22 and the straight blade portion 23 and is orthogonal. The length of the boundary portion between the blade portion 25 and the side blade portion 24 is 1.4 to 1.6 times the length of the boundary portion between the straight blade portion 23 and the side blade portion 24.
Since it is 1.4 to 1.6 times, the amount of lifting of soil increases and kneading can be performed effectively.
Reference numeral 26 denotes an attachment hole, which is formed in the base portion 22 of the tilling claw 21.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the thickness from the base 22 side of the straight blade portion 24 to the base 22 side of the orthogonal blade portion 25 may be the same, but in these embodiments, the thickness is sequentially increased. Is thinning. Since the thickness is successively reduced, the tip side of the tillage blade 21 is made elastic so that stress concentration on the base 22 can be reduced and vibration can be absorbed.

３１は、耕耘爪取付部である。図１に図示されるように、耕耘爪取付部３１は、ボックス型からなり、爪軸１６の周囲に放射方向に取り付けられる。耕耘爪取付部３１には、耕耘爪２１の基部２２を差し込み、取付孔２６にボルト３２を差し込み固定する。耕耘爪２１は、基部２２で、水平な爪軸１６の軸周に放射方向に取り付けられ固定されて、回転されることで土壌を耕耘する。   31 is a tilling nail attachment part. As shown in FIG. 1, the tilling claw attaching portion 31 is formed in a box shape and attached around the claw shaft 16 in the radial direction. The base portion 22 of the tilling claw 21 is inserted into the tilling claw mounting portion 31, and the bolt 32 is inserted and fixed into the mounting hole 26. The tilling claw 21 is attached and fixed in the radial direction around the horizontal claw shaft 16 at the base portion 22 and is rotated and rotated to cultivate the soil.

耕耘爪２１の作用について説明する。
図１、図２に図示されるように、直刃部２３によりまず、土に食い込んで土を抱き込む。前方側で直刃部２３によって切断された土壌の側方側は、横刃部２４で斜め横方向に移動させられ、さらに、直交刃部２５によって直刃部２３切断方向と直交する方向に移動される。
この間、耕耘爪２１は、回転しているため横刃部２４の土壌は、回転方向後方側の耕耘爪２１先端側に順次押されて移動する。
そして、回転方向と直交する方向の面を有する直交刃部２５に達すると、移動方向が変更され移動抵抗が増加して土壌に圧力が付加されるとともに、側方に移動される。また、直交刃部２５に達した一部の土壌は、外周方向に飛ばされ、飛ばされた土壌は、カバー１２にぶつけられ土壌はこなれて粉砕される。このように、土壌に適度の圧力を作用させ横方向への移動を効率よく行うため土壌が短時間に細かく破砕されるとともに、練り込まれる。 The operation of the tilling claw 21 will be described.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the straight blade portion 23 first digs into the soil and embraces the soil. The side of the soil cut by the straight blade portion 23 on the front side is moved obliquely in the horizontal direction by the horizontal blade portion 24, and further moved by the orthogonal blade portion 25 in a direction orthogonal to the cutting direction of the straight blade portion 23. Is done.
During this time, since the tilling claw 21 is rotating, the soil of the horizontal blade portion 24 is sequentially pushed and moved to the front end side of the tilling claw 21 on the rear side in the rotation direction.
And if it reaches the orthogonal blade part 25 which has a surface of the direction orthogonal to a rotation direction, a moving direction will be changed, a movement resistance will increase, a pressure will be added to soil, and it will move to a side. Further, a part of the soil reaching the orthogonal blade portion 25 is blown in the outer peripheral direction, and the blown-up soil is hit against the cover 12 and the soil is crushed and ground. In this way, the soil is finely crushed and kneaded in a short time in order to apply an appropriate pressure to the soil and efficiently move in the lateral direction.

図１、図２に図示されるように、直交刃部２５の爪軸１６側の面は、正面視又は回転軸である爪軸１６方向からみて回転中心前方側から下方に向かって回転する。最下端部を過ぎて、後方側になると、回転方向前方端側が低く、後端側が高い傾斜から徐々に水平になり、さらに前方端側が高く後端側が低い傾斜に変化していく。
この過程において、直交刃部２５の爪軸１６側の面に耕耘された土壌の一部が載せられて爪軸１６上方側から前方側に持回られ、更に細かく破砕されるとともに、練り込まれる。
直交刃部２５により持回る土の量が多くなり、砕土性は向上する。 As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface on the claw shaft 16 side of the orthogonal blade portion 25 rotates downward from the front side of the rotation center as viewed from the front or the direction of the claw shaft 16 that is a rotation shaft. After passing through the lowermost end, when the rear side is reached, the front end side in the rotational direction is low, the rear end side gradually becomes horizontal from a high slope, and further, the front end side is high and the rear end side is changed to a low slope.
In this process, a part of the cultivated soil is placed on the surface of the orthogonal blade portion 25 on the side of the nail shaft 16 and is carried forward from the upper side of the nail shaft 16 to be further crushed and kneaded. .
The amount of soil carried by the orthogonal blade portion 25 increases, and the crushed property is improved.

図２に基づき、夾雑物のすき込み性について説明する。
直刃部２３から横刃部２４及び直交刃部２５にかけての回転方向前側の刃部は、回転すると、図２に図示されるように、土壌に当接する前方位置から爪軸１６回転軸中心の下方位置近傍までは、前方が高く後方が低く傾斜した状態から下方に移動するに伴い、徐々に水平状態に変化する。
そして、回転下端部を過ぎると、前方が低く後方が高く傾斜した状態に変化する。これにより、夾雑物は上方から回転してくる直刃部２３の刃部によって、土中の下方に移動され、回転下端部近傍において、夾雑物が土の抵抗により土中に取り残されてすき込まれる。直交刃部２５平面と横刃部２４との境界部の回転方向前方端部近傍が回転半径は最大となって、直交刃部２５の刃部が横刃部２４側から端部にかけて回転軸芯側に湾曲して、夾雑物を持ち上げることが無い。 Based on FIG. 2, the penetration property of the foreign matter will be described.
When the blade portion on the front side in the rotation direction from the straight blade portion 23 to the horizontal blade portion 24 and the orthogonal blade portion 25 is rotated, as shown in FIG. To the vicinity of the lower position, it gradually changes to a horizontal state as it moves downward from a state where the front is high and the rear is low.
And if it passes the rotation lower end part, it will change to the state where the front was low and the back was inclined high. As a result, the foreign matter is moved downward in the soil by the blade portion of the straight blade portion 23 rotating from above, and the foreign matter is left behind in the soil by the soil resistance in the vicinity of the lower end of the rotation. It is. The rotation radius is maximum in the vicinity of the front end portion in the rotational direction of the boundary portion between the plane of the orthogonal blade portion 25 and the horizontal blade portion 24, and the blade portion of the orthogonal blade portion 25 extends from the side of the horizontal blade portion 24 to the end. It will bend to the side and will not lift up the impurities.

第２実施例のように、横刃部２４が、爪軸１６への取り付け状態で、平面視円弧状に湾曲している形状の場合、直線状の場合に比較して土壌の移動速度が緩やかになるため、練り込み性能も緩やかになる。
他方、折り曲げタイプの横刃部２４からなる第１実施例では、横刃部２４は、平面視直線状となっていると、横移動の速度が速くなり、また、土壌に加わる押圧力が大きくなり、練り込み効果が大きくなる。
土質が異なると、練り込み性も異なるため、第１実施例に係る耕耘爪２１と、第２実施例に係る耕耘爪２１とを、土質にあった形状又は希望する練り込み度合いに合った形状を選択して使用することで、作業性を向上する。 As in the second embodiment, when the horizontal blade portion 24 is attached to the claw shaft 16 and is curved in the shape of a circular arc in plan view, the movement speed of the soil is slower than that in a straight shape. Therefore, the kneading performance becomes moderate.
On the other hand, in 1st Example which consists of a bending type horizontal blade part 24, if the horizontal blade part 24 is planar view linear shape, the speed of a horizontal movement will become quick and the pressing force added to soil will be large. And the kneading effect is increased.
If the soil quality is different, the kneading property is also different, so that the tilling claw 21 according to the first embodiment and the tilling claw 21 according to the second embodiment have a shape suitable for the soil or a shape suitable for the desired kneading degree. Select and use to improve workability.

この発明の実施例では、耕耘爪の砕土性を向上するとともに、耕耘爪が土を持回る量を向上し、早く作業をすることを可能とし、同一箇所での作業を軽減する。   In the embodiment of the present invention, the soil breaking property of the tilling nail is improved, the amount that the tilling nail carries around the soil is improved, it is possible to work quickly, and the work at the same place is reduced.

１１ 代かき機
１６ 爪軸
２１ 耕耘爪
２２ 基部
２３ 直刃部
２４ 横刃部
２５ 直交刃部 Eleventh shaving machine 16 Claw shaft 21 Tillage claw 22 Base 23 Straight blade 24 Horizontal blade 25 Orthogonal blade

Claims (1)

基部を爪軸の軸周に放射方向に取り付けられ、回転されることで土壌を耕耘する耕耘爪であって、爪軸への取り付け状態においては、基部から延びる平面板からなる直刃部と、直刃部から一側方に傾斜して延びる平面からなる横刃部と、横刃部から一側方に延びる平面からなる直交刃部とを有し、直刃部から横刃部に掛けて回転方向と逆向きに湾曲されているとともに、直刃部から横刃部及び直交刃部にかけての回転方向前側に刃部を有し、直交刃部平面は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向の法線に対し前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に傾斜しており、
直交刃部と横刃部との境界部の回転方向前方端部近傍が回転半径は最大となっており、
直交刃部の爪軸回転中心側に面する平面は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向の法線に対して前方側から後方側に向かい回転中心側に４５度乃至５０度角傾斜しており、
耕耘爪は、爪軸への取り付け状態で、回転方向に面する直交刃部の、回転軸と直交する側面側から見た投影面積は、耕耘爪の回転軸と直交する側面側から見た横刃部２４の投影面積より１．３乃至１．６倍大きい、
耕耘爪。 A tilling nail that cultivates the soil by being attached to the axis of the nail shaft in the radial direction and rotating, and in a state of attachment to the nail shaft, a straight blade portion made of a flat plate extending from the base, It has a horizontal blade part consisting of a flat surface extending obliquely from one side of the straight blade part and an orthogonal blade part consisting of a flat surface extending one side from the horizontal blade part, and is hung from the straight blade part to the horizontal blade part. It is curved in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, and has a blade portion on the front side in the rotation direction from the straight blade portion to the horizontal blade portion and the orthogonal blade portion, and the orthogonal blade portion plane rotates in the attached state to the claw shaft. Inclined toward the center of rotation from the front side to the rear side with respect to the normal of the direction,
The rotation radius is the maximum in the vicinity of the front end in the rotational direction of the boundary portion between the orthogonal blade portion and the horizontal blade portion,
The plane facing the claw axis rotation center side of the orthogonal blade part is inclined by 45 to 50 degrees toward the rotation center side from the front side to the rear side with respect to the normal line of the rotation direction when attached to the claw axis. And
The tillage nail is attached to the nail shaft, and the projected area of the orthogonal blade portion facing the rotation direction viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis is the horizontal area viewed from the side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tillage nail. 1.3 to 1.6 times larger than the projected area of the blade 24,
Tillage claw.
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JPS63160501A (en) * 1986-12-25 1988-07-04 小橋工業株式会社 Plowing pawl
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