JP6493344B2 - Automobile - Google Patents

Automobile Download PDF

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JP6493344B2
JP6493344B2 JP2016177722A JP2016177722A JP6493344B2 JP 6493344 B2 JP6493344 B2 JP 6493344B2 JP 2016177722 A JP2016177722 A JP 2016177722A JP 2016177722 A JP2016177722 A JP 2016177722A JP 6493344 B2 JP6493344 B2 JP 6493344B2
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temperature
battery
control
predetermined
high voltage
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JP2018046607A (en
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英寛 野村
英寛 野村
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2016177722A priority Critical patent/JP6493344B2/en
Priority to CN201710800186.2A priority patent/CN107813712B/en
Priority to EP17189989.1A priority patent/EP3293034B1/en
Priority to US15/697,586 priority patent/US10406933B2/en
Priority to KR1020170114301A priority patent/KR102011285B1/en
Publication of JP2018046607A publication Critical patent/JP2018046607A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/53—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Description

本発明は、自動車に関する。   The present invention relates to an automobile.

従来、この種の自動車としては、走行用のモータに電力を供給するバッテリと、外部電源からの電力を用いてバッテリを充電する充電器と、バッテリが接続された電力ラインに接続されると共にバッテリを加温する加温手段と、を備えるものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この自動車では、バッテリの充電中にバッテリ温度が加温目標温度未満のときには加温手段を駆動してバッテリ温度を上昇させる。また、バッテリのＳＯＣが電流制限ＳＯＣ以上で且つバッテリ温度が加温目標温度未満のときには、充電器からバッテリに供給する充電電流を所定電流以下とする制限充電を行なう。これにより、バッテリの充電完了間際になってもバッテリ温度が加温目標温度に達しないときには、充電電流を絞って充電時間を延長することにより、バッテリの充電完了時にバッテリ温度が加温目標温度に達するようにしている。   Conventionally, this type of automobile includes a battery that supplies power to a motor for traveling, a charger that charges the battery using power from an external power source, and a battery connected to a power line to which the battery is connected. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this automobile, when the battery temperature is lower than the heating target temperature during charging of the battery, the heating means is driven to increase the battery temperature. Further, when the battery SOC is equal to or higher than the current limit SOC and the battery temperature is lower than the heating target temperature, limit charging is performed such that the charging current supplied from the charger to the battery is equal to or lower than a predetermined current. As a result, if the battery temperature does not reach the target heating temperature even when the battery is almost fully charged, the charging time is reduced to extend the charging time, so that the battery temperature reaches the target heating temperature when the battery is fully charged. To reach.

特開２０１５−２２０９５６号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-220956

上述の自動車では、バッテリ温度が加温目標温度未満のときには、外気温が低いなど加温手段を駆動してもバッテリ温度が上昇しにくいときでも、加温手段を駆動することになる。この場合、加温手段の駆動によってバッテリが十分に昇温されないことから、加温手段の駆動（電力消費）が無駄なものとなる可能性がある。   In the above-described automobile, when the battery temperature is lower than the heating target temperature, the heating means is driven even if the battery temperature is difficult to rise even if the heating means is driven, such as when the outside air temperature is low. In this case, since the battery is not sufficiently heated by driving the heating means, the driving (power consumption) of the heating means may be wasted.

本発明の自動車は、外部電源からの電力を用いてバッテリを充電する際の、バッテリの昇温装置の余分な電力消費を抑制することを主目的とする。   The main object of the automobile of the present invention is to suppress excessive power consumption of the battery temperature raising device when the battery is charged using electric power from an external power source.

本発明の自動車は、上述の主目的を達成するために以下の手段を採った。   The automobile of the present invention has taken the following means in order to achieve the main object described above.

本発明の自動車は、
走行用のモータに電力を供給するバッテリと、
外部電源からの電力を用いて前記バッテリを充電する外部充電が可能な充電器と、
前記バッテリが接続された電力ラインに接続されると共に前記バッテリを昇温する昇温装置と、
前記充電器と前記昇温装置とを制御する制御装置と、
を備える自動車であって、
前記制御装置は、前記外部充電が行なわれるように前記充電器を制御する充電制御の実行時において、前記バッテリの温度が第１所定温度よりも低い第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記バッテリが昇温されるように前記昇温装置を制御する昇温制御を実行し、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上の場合には、前記昇温制御を実行しない、
ことを要旨とする。 The automobile of the present invention
A battery for supplying power to the motor for traveling;
A charger capable of external charging that charges the battery using power from an external power source; and
A temperature raising device connected to the power line to which the battery is connected and raising the temperature of the battery;
A control device for controlling the charger and the temperature raising device;
A car equipped with
When the temperature of the battery is lower than a second predetermined temperature lower than a first predetermined temperature during execution of charging control for controlling the charger so that the external charging is performed, the control device When the temperature of the battery is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the temperature increase control is not performed.
This is the gist.

この本発明の自動車では、外部電源からの電力を用いてバッテリを充電する外部充電が行なわれるように充電器を制御する充電制御の実行時において、バッテリの温度が第１所定温度よりも低い第２所定温度未満の場合には、バッテリが昇温されるように昇温装置を制御する昇温制御を実行し、バッテリの温度が第２所定温度以上の場合には、昇温制御を実行しない。したがって、バッテリの温度が第２所定温度未満の場合には、外部充電制御および昇温制御を実行することにより、バッテリを昇温しつつ外部充電を行なうことができる。また、バッテリの温度が第２所定温度以上の場合には、昇温制御を実行せずに外部充電制御を実行することにより、バッテリの温度が第１所定温度未満の場合に（第２所定温度以上でも）昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行してもバッテリの温度が上昇しにくい場合に、バッテリの昇温装置の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、バッテリの温度が第１所定温度以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないものに比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。   In the vehicle according to the present invention, the temperature of the battery is lower than the first predetermined temperature at the time of executing the charging control for controlling the charger so that the external charging for charging the battery using the electric power from the external power source is performed. 2 When the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the temperature raising control is performed to control the temperature raising device so that the battery is heated. When the temperature of the battery is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the temperature raising control is not executed. . Therefore, when the temperature of the battery is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the external charging can be performed while the temperature of the battery is raised by executing the external charging control and the temperature raising control. Further, when the battery temperature is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the external charge control is executed without executing the temperature increase control, so that the battery temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature (the second predetermined temperature). (Even above) When the temperature of the battery is difficult to rise even if the temperature rise control is executed, such as when the outside temperature is low, compared to the one that executes the temperature rise control, the excessive power consumption of the battery temperature riser is suppressed. can do. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer than that in which the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature of the battery reaches the first predetermined temperature or more and the external charging is not terminated. it can.

こうした本発明の自動車において、前記制御装置は、前記充電制御の実行時において、前記外部充電の開始時の前記バッテリの温度である開始時温度が前記第２所定温度以上の場合には、前記バッテリの温度が前記第１所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行し、前記開始時温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行する、ものとしてもよい。こうすれば、昇温制御を実行するバッテリの温度範囲を、開始時温度と第２所定温度との大小関係に応じて変更することができる。   In the automobile according to the present invention, when the charging control is executed, when the start temperature, which is the temperature of the battery at the start of the external charging, is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the control device The temperature rise control is executed when the temperature of the battery is lower than the first predetermined temperature, and when the temperature at the start is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the temperature of the battery is lower than the second predetermined temperature. The temperature raising control may be executed. If it carries out like this, the temperature range of the battery which performs temperature rising control can be changed according to the magnitude relationship of temperature at the time of start, and 2nd predetermined temperature.

また、本発明の自動車において、前記制御装置は、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記充電制御として、前記バッテリの蓄電割合と電圧と充放電電流量とのうちの何れかに基づいて前記充電器を間欠駆動する、ものとしてもよい。こうすれば、バッテリを充放電させながらバッテリを昇温することができる。また、充電器を継続駆動するものに比して、充電器を駆動する際の充電器の出力（バッテリの充電電力）を大きくしてよいから、充電器の効率を良好なものとすることができる。   In the automobile of the present invention, when the temperature of the battery is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control device includes, as the charge control, among the storage ratio, voltage, and charge / discharge current amount of the battery. The charger may be intermittently driven based on any one of them. If it carries out like this, a battery can be heated up, charging / discharging a battery. Further, since the output of the charger (battery charging power) when driving the charger may be increased as compared with the case of continuously driving the charger, the efficiency of the charger may be improved. it can.

さらに、本発明の自動車において、前記第２所定温度は、前記バッテリの電解液の凍結温度である、ものとしてもよい。この場合、上述のように、バッテリの温度が第２所定温度未満の場合に昇温制御を実行することにより、バッテリの電解液の凍結の防止や解消を図ることができる。ここで、「凍結温度」は、電解液が凍結する可能性のある温度範囲の上限を意味する。   Furthermore, in the automobile of the present invention, the second predetermined temperature may be a freezing temperature of the electrolyte solution of the battery. In this case, as described above, the temperature rise control is executed when the temperature of the battery is lower than the second predetermined temperature, thereby preventing or eliminating freezing of the battery electrolyte. Here, “freezing temperature” means the upper limit of the temperature range in which the electrolytic solution may freeze.

本発明の自動車において、前記制御装置は、前記外部充電の開始時の前記バッテリの温度である開始時温度が前記第２所定温度以上の場合には、前記充電制御として、まず、前記バッテリの充電電力が第１所定電力で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する第１定電力制御を実行し、前記第１定電力制御の実行中に前記バッテリの蓄電割合または電圧が第１閾値以上に至った第１条件が成立すると、前記バッテリの充電電力が前記第１所定電力よりも小さい第２所定電力で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する第２定電力制御を実行し、前記第２定電力制御の実行中に前記バッテリの蓄電割合または電圧が前記第１閾値よりも大きい第２閾値以上に至った第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了し、前記開始時温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記充電制御として、まず、前記第１定電力制御を実行し、前記第１条件が成立すると、前記第１条件が成立したときの前記バッテリの温度である所定時温度が前記第２所定温度以上のときには前記第２定電力制御を実行して前記第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了し、前記所定時温度が前記第２所定温度未満のときには前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上に至った後に前記第２定電力制御を実行して前記第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了する、ものとしてもよい。したがって、開始時温度が第２所定温度以上の場合には、第１定電力制御，第２定電力制御を順に実行することにより、外部充電を行なうことができる。また、開始時温度が第２所定温未満の場合には、第１定電力制御を実行した後に、所定時温度が第２所定温度以上のときに第２定電力制御を実行することにより、バッテリの温度を第２所定温度以上に昇温しつつ外部充電を行なうことができる。   In the automobile of the present invention, when the start temperature, which is the temperature of the battery at the start of the external charging, is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the control device first charges the battery as the charge control. The first constant power control is performed to control the charger so that the power becomes constant at the first predetermined power, and the storage ratio or voltage of the battery is equal to or higher than the first threshold during the execution of the first constant power control. When the reached first condition is satisfied, a second constant power control is performed to control the charger so that the charging power of the battery becomes constant at a second predetermined power smaller than the first predetermined power, When the second condition in which the storage ratio or voltage of the battery reaches a second threshold value greater than or equal to the first threshold value is satisfied during execution of the two constant power control, the charging control is terminated, and the starting temperature is 2 Predetermined temperature not yet In this case, as the charging control, first, the first constant power control is executed, and when the first condition is satisfied, the temperature at a predetermined time that is the temperature of the battery when the first condition is satisfied is When the second constant power control is executed when the second predetermined temperature is exceeded and the second condition is satisfied, the charging control is terminated, and when the predetermined temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the temperature of the battery is The charge control may be terminated when the second constant power control is executed after the second predetermined temperature is reached and the second condition is satisfied. Therefore, when the starting temperature is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, external charging can be performed by sequentially executing the first constant power control and the second constant power control. In addition, when the starting temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the second constant power control is executed when the predetermined temperature is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature after the first constant power control is executed. It is possible to perform external charging while raising the temperature to a second predetermined temperature or higher.

開始時温度と第２所定温度との大小関係に応じた充電制御を実行する態様の本発明の自動車において、前記制御装置は、前記開始時温度と前記第２所定温度との大小関係に拘わらずに、前記第１定電力制御の実行中には前記バッテリの温度が前記第１所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行し、前記第１条件が成立した後には前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行する、ものとしてもよい。こうすれば、第１条件が成立した後において、バッテリの温度が第１所定温度未満のときに（第２所定温度以上でも）昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行してもバッテリの温度が上昇しにくいときに、バッテリの昇温装置の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、バッテリの温度が第１所定温度以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないものに比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。   In the automobile of the present invention that performs charge control according to the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature and the second predetermined temperature, the control device is independent of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature and the second predetermined temperature. In addition, during the execution of the first constant power control, the temperature raising control is executed when the temperature of the battery is lower than the first predetermined temperature, and after the first condition is satisfied, the temperature of the battery is The temperature increase control may be executed when the temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature. In this case, after the first condition is satisfied, the outside air temperature is lower than that in which the temperature raising control is executed when the temperature of the battery is lower than the first predetermined temperature (even if it is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature). When the temperature of the battery is difficult to rise even when the temperature raising control is executed, it is possible to suppress excessive power consumption of the battery temperature raising device. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer than that in which the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature of the battery reaches the first predetermined temperature or more and the external charging is not terminated. it can.

この場合、前記制御装置は、前記所定時温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上に至るまで、前記充電制御として、前記バッテリの蓄電割合と電圧と充放電電流量とのうちの何れかに基づいて前記充電器を間欠駆動する、ものとしてもよい。こうすれば、バッテリの温度が第２所定温度以上に至るまで、バッテリを充放電させながらバッテリを昇温することができる。また、充電器を継続駆動するものに比して、充電器を駆動する際の充電器の出力（バッテリの充電電力）を大きくしてよいから、充電器の効率を良好なものとすることができる。   In this case, when the predetermined temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control device performs the charge control until the battery temperature reaches the second predetermined temperature or more as the charge control. The charger may be intermittently driven based on either the voltage or the charge / discharge current amount. If it carries out like this, a battery can be heated up, charging / discharging a battery until the temperature of a battery reaches more than 2nd predetermined temperature. Further, since the output of the charger (battery charging power) when driving the charger may be increased as compared with the case of continuously driving the charger, the efficiency of the charger may be improved. it can.

開始時温度と第２所定温度との大小関係に応じた充電制御を実行する態様の本発明の自動車において、前記制御装置は、前記第１定電力制御の実行後で且つ前記第２定電力制御の実行前に、前記バッテリの電圧が所定電圧で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する定電圧制御を実行する、ものとしてもよい。一般に、定電圧制御の実行により、バッテリの充電電流が徐々に小さくなり、バッテリの充電電力が徐々に小さくなる。したがって、こうした制御により、第１定電力制御から第２定電力制御に移行する際に、バッテリの充電電力を滑らかに変化させることができる。   In the vehicle of the present invention in which the charging control according to the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature and the second predetermined temperature is executed, the control device is configured to execute the second constant power control after the execution of the first constant power control. Before the execution of the above, constant voltage control for controlling the charger so that the voltage of the battery becomes constant at a predetermined voltage may be executed. In general, by executing constant voltage control, the charging current of the battery gradually decreases, and the charging power of the battery gradually decreases. Therefore, by such control, the charging power of the battery can be changed smoothly when shifting from the first constant power control to the second constant power control.

電気自動車２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of an electric vehicle 20. 処理ルーチンの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of a processing routine. 通常時制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of normal time control. 極低温時制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of control at the time of cryogenic temperature. 極低温時制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of control at the time of cryogenic temperature. 外部充電を行なう際の高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂや蓄電割合ＳＯＣ、充電電力Ｐｃｈ，温度Ｔｂ，昇温制御の実行の有無の様子の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the mode of the presence or absence of execution of voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 at the time of external charging, electrical storage ratio SOC, charging power Pch, temperature Tb, and temperature rising control. ハイブリッド自動車１２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 120. FIG. ハイブリッド自動車２２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 220.

次に、本発明を実施するための形態を実施例を用いて説明する。   Next, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated using an Example.

図１は、本発明の一実施例としての電気自動車２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。実施例の電気自動車２０は、図示するように、モータ３２と、パワーコントロールユニット（以下、「ＰＣＵ」という）３４と、高電圧バッテリ３６と、充電器４０と、低電圧バッテリ５０と、ヒータ５２と、メインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４と、サブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６と、システムメインリレーＳＭＲと、充電用リレーＣＨＲと、電子制御ユニット６０と、を備える。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of a configuration of an electric vehicle 20 as an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment includes a motor 32, a power control unit (hereinafter referred to as “PCU”) 34, a high voltage battery 36, a charger 40, a low voltage battery 50, and a heater 52. A main DC / DC converter 54, a sub DC / DC converter 56, a system main relay SMR, a charging relay CHR, and an electronic control unit 60.

モータ３２は、例えば同期発電電動機として構成されており、駆動輪２２ａ，２２ｂにデファレンシャルギヤ２４を介して連結された駆動軸２６に接続されている。ＰＣＵ３４は、高電圧側電力ライン４６に接続されると共にモータ３２の駆動に用いられるインバータと、高電圧側電力ライン４６に取り付けられた平滑用のコンデンサと、を備える。モータ３２は、電子制御ユニット６０によって、インバータの図示しない複数のスイッチング素子がスイッチング制御されることにより、回転駆動される。   The motor 32 is configured as, for example, a synchronous generator motor, and is connected to a drive shaft 26 that is coupled to the drive wheels 22 a and 22 b via a differential gear 24. The PCU 34 includes an inverter connected to the high voltage side power line 46 and used to drive the motor 32, and a smoothing capacitor attached to the high voltage side power line 46. The motor 32 is rotationally driven by switching control of a plurality of switching elements (not shown) of the inverter by the electronic control unit 60.

高電圧バッテリ３６は、例えば定格電圧が２００Ｖや２５０Ｖなどのリチウムイオン二次電池やニッケル水素二次電池として構成されており、上述したように、高電圧側電力ライン４６を介してＰＣＵ３４と接続されている。   The high voltage battery 36 is configured as, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or nickel hydride secondary battery having a rated voltage of 200 V or 250 V, and is connected to the PCU 34 via the high voltage side power line 46 as described above. ing.

充電器４０は、高電圧側電力ライン４６に接続されており、自宅や充電ステーションなどの充電ポイントで、システムオフで、充電器４０に接続された車両側コネクタ４２が外部電源９０に接続された電源側コネクタ９２と接続されているときに、外部電源９０からの電力を用いて高電圧バッテリ３６を充電する外部充電を行なえるように構成されている。この充電器４０は、電子制御ユニット６０によって制御される。   The charger 40 is connected to the high-voltage power line 46, and the vehicle-side connector 42 connected to the charger 40 is connected to the external power supply 90 at a charging point such as a home or a charging station when the system is off. When connected to the power supply side connector 92, external charging for charging the high voltage battery 36 using electric power from the external power supply 90 can be performed. The charger 40 is controlled by the electronic control unit 60.

低電圧バッテリ５０は、例えば定格電圧が１２Ｖなどの鉛蓄電池として構成されており、低電圧側電力ライン４８に接続されている。低電圧側電力ライン４８には、高電圧バッテリ３６の昇温用のヒータ５２が接続されている。ヒータ５２は、通電時に通電抵抗によって発熱する発熱部材５２ａを有し、発熱部材５２ａの一方の端子がスイッチ５２ｂを介して低電圧側電力ライン４８に接続されると共に他方の端子が接地されている。   The low voltage battery 50 is configured as a lead storage battery having a rated voltage of 12 V, for example, and is connected to the low voltage side power line 48. A heater 52 for heating the high voltage battery 36 is connected to the low voltage side power line 48. The heater 52 has a heat generating member 52a that generates heat by energization resistance when energized, and one terminal of the heat generating member 52a is connected to the low voltage side power line 48 via the switch 52b and the other terminal is grounded. .

メインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４は、高電圧側電力ライン４６と低電圧側電力ライン４８とに接続されている。このメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４は、電子制御ユニット６０によって制御されることにより、高電圧側電力ライン４６の電力を電圧の降圧を伴って低電圧側電力ライン４８に供給する。   The main DC / DC converter 54 is connected to the high voltage side power line 46 and the low voltage side power line 48. The main DC / DC converter 54 is controlled by the electronic control unit 60 to supply the power of the high voltage side power line 46 to the low voltage side power line 48 with voltage step-down.

サブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６は、メインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４よりも定格出力が小さいＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータとして構成されている。このサブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６は、高電圧側電力ライン４６におけるメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４よりも充電器４０側と、低電圧側電力ライン４８と、に接続されている。実施例では、サブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６は、充電器４０に内蔵されているものとした。このサブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６は、電子制御ユニット６０によって制御されることにより、高電圧側電力ライン４６の電力を電圧の降圧を伴って低電圧側電力ライン４８に供給する。   The sub DC / DC converter 56 is configured as a DC / DC converter having a smaller rated output than the main DC / DC converter 54. The sub DC / DC converter 56 is connected to the charger 40 side and the low voltage side power line 48 rather than the main DC / DC converter 54 in the high voltage side power line 46. In the embodiment, the sub DC / DC converter 56 is built in the charger 40. The sub DC / DC converter 56 is controlled by the electronic control unit 60 to supply the power of the high voltage side power line 46 to the low voltage side power line 48 with voltage step-down.

システムメインリレーＳＭＲは、高電圧側電力ライン４６における高電圧バッテリ３６とＰＣＵ３４やメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４との間に設けられており、電子制御ユニット６０によってオンオフ制御されることにより、高電圧バッテリ３６側とＰＣＵ３４やメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４側との接続および接続の解除を行なう。   The system main relay SMR is provided between the high voltage battery 36 and the PCU 34 or the main DC / DC converter 54 in the high voltage side power line 46, and is turned on / off by the electronic control unit 60. Connection between 36 side and PCU 34 or main DC / DC converter 54 side and connection release are performed.

充電用リレーＣＨＲは、高電圧側電力ライン４６における高電圧バッテリ３６と充電器４０やサブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６との間に設けられており、電子制御ユニット６０によってオンオフ制御されることにより、高電圧バッテリ３６側と充電器４０やサブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６側との接続および接続の解除を行なう。   The charging relay CHR is provided between the high voltage battery 36 and the charger 40 and the sub DC / DC converter 56 in the high voltage side power line 46, and is turned on and off by the electronic control unit 60. The connection between the voltage battery 36 side and the charger 40 or the sub DC / DC converter 56 side and the connection release are performed.

電子制御ユニット６０は、図示しないがＣＰＵを中心とするマイクロプロセッサとして構成されており、ＣＰＵの他に、処理プログラムを記憶するＲＯＭ，データを一時的に記憶するＲＡＭ，入出力ポートなどを備える。   Although not shown, the electronic control unit 60 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and includes a ROM that stores a processing program, a RAM that temporarily stores data, an input / output port, and the like in addition to the CPU.

電子制御ユニット６０には、各種センサからの信号が入力ポートを介して入力されている。電子制御ユニット６０に入力される信号としては、例えば、モータ３２の回転子の回転位置を検出する回転位置センサからのモータ３２の回転子の回転位置や、高電圧バッテリ３６の端子間に取り付けられた電圧センサ３６ａからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂ，高電圧バッテリ３６の出力端子に取り付けられた電流センサ３６ｂからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂ（高電圧バッテリ３６を充電するときが正の値），高電圧バッテリ３６に取り付けられた温度センサ３６ｃからの高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂを挙げることができる。また、車両側コネクタ４２に取り付けられると共に車両側コネクタ４２と電源側コネクタ９２との接続を検出する接続検出センサ４３からの接続検出信号も挙げることができる。さらに、イグニッションスイッチからのイグニッション信号，シフトポジションセンサからのシフトポジションＳＰ，アクセルペダルポジションセンサからのアクセル開度，ブレーキペダルポジションセンサからのブレーキペダルポジション，車速センサからの車速も挙げることができる。   Signals from various sensors are input to the electronic control unit 60 via input ports. The signal input to the electronic control unit 60 is, for example, attached to the rotational position of the rotor of the motor 32 from a rotational position sensor that detects the rotational position of the rotor of the motor 32 or between the terminals of the high voltage battery 36. The voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 from the voltage sensor 36a, the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 from the current sensor 36b attached to the output terminal of the high voltage battery 36 (a positive value when charging the high voltage battery 36) ), The temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 from the temperature sensor 36c attached to the high voltage battery 36. Moreover, the connection detection signal from the connection detection sensor 43 which is attached to the vehicle side connector 42 and detects the connection between the vehicle side connector 42 and the power source side connector 92 can also be mentioned. Furthermore, the ignition signal from the ignition switch, the shift position SP from the shift position sensor, the accelerator opening from the accelerator pedal position sensor, the brake pedal position from the brake pedal position sensor, and the vehicle speed from the vehicle speed sensor can also be mentioned.

電子制御ユニット６０からは、各種制御信号が出力ポートを介して出力されている。電子制御ユニット６０から出力される信号としては、例えば、ＰＣＵ３４（インバータ）への制御信号や充電器４０への制御信号，ヒータ５２（スイッチ５２ｂ）への制御信号，メインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４への制御信号，サブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６への制御信号，システムメインリレーＳＭＲへの制御信号，充電用リレーＣＨＲへの制御信号を挙げることができる。   Various control signals are output from the electronic control unit 60 through an output port. Examples of signals output from the electronic control unit 60 include a control signal to the PCU 34 (inverter), a control signal to the charger 40, a control signal to the heater 52 (switch 52b), and a signal to the main DC / DC converter 54. Examples include a control signal, a control signal to the sub DC / DC converter 56, a control signal to the system main relay SMR, and a control signal to the charging relay CHR.

電子制御ユニット６０は、電流センサ３６ｂからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂの積算値に基づいて高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣを演算している。また、電子制御ユニット６０は、外部充電の際には、電圧センサ３６ａからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂと電流センサ３６ｂからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂとの積として高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを演算している。   The electronic control unit 60 calculates the storage ratio SOC of the high voltage battery 36 based on the integrated value of the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 from the current sensor 36b. Further, the electronic control unit 60 charges the high voltage battery 36 as the product of the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 from the voltage sensor 36a and the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 from the current sensor 36b during external charging. The power Pch is calculated.

こうして構成された実施例の電気自動車２０では、電子制御ユニット６０は、自宅や充電ステーションなどの充電ポイントで駐車しているときに、システムオフで、車両側コネクタ４２と電源側コネクタ９２とが接続されると（接続検出センサ４３により両者の接続が検出されると）、充電用リレーＣＨＲをオンとして、外部電源９０からの電力を用いて高電圧バッテリ３６を充電する外部充電を行なう。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment thus configured, the electronic control unit 60 is connected to the vehicle-side connector 42 and the power-side connector 92 when the system is off when the vehicle is parked at a charging point such as a home or a charging station. When the connection is detected (when the connection detection sensor 43 detects the connection between the two), the charging relay CHR is turned on, and external charging for charging the high voltage battery 36 using the power from the external power supply 90 is performed.

次に、こうして構成された実施例の電気自動車２０の動作、特に、外部充電の際の動作について説明する。図２は、実施例の電子制御ユニット６０により実行される処理ルーチンの一例を示すフローチャートである。このルーチンは、外部充電の開始時（充電用リレーＣＨＲをオンとしたとき）に実行される。   Next, the operation of the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment configured as described above, particularly the operation at the time of external charging will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing routine executed by the electronic control unit 60 of the embodiment. This routine is executed at the start of external charging (when charging relay CHR is turned on).

図２の処理ルーチンが実行されると、電子制御ユニット６０は、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔを入力する（ステップＳ１００）。ここで、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔは、外部充電の開始時に温度センサ３６ｃにより検出された値を入力するものとした。   When the processing routine of FIG. 2 is executed, the electronic control unit 60 inputs the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 (step S100). Here, as the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36, the value detected by the temperature sensor 36c at the start of external charging is input.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔを入力すると、入力した開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔを所定温度Ｔｂｎｏよりも低い所定温度Ｔｂｌｏと比較する（ステップＳ１１０）。ここで、所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ，Ｔｂｌｏは、高電圧バッテリ３６の第１，第２の昇温目標温度であり、所定温度Ｔｂｎｏは、例えば、６℃や８℃，１０℃などを用いることができ、所定温度Ｔｂｌｏは、例えば、−１７℃や−１５℃，−１３℃などを用いることができる。実施例では、所定温度Ｔｂｌｏは、高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結温度（凍結する可能性のある温度範囲の上限）を用いるものとした。   When the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is thus input, the input start temperature Tbst is compared with a predetermined temperature Tblo lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno (step S110). Here, the predetermined temperatures Tbno and Tblo are the first and second temperature increase target temperatures of the high voltage battery 36, and the predetermined temperature Tbno can be 6 ° C, 8 ° C, 10 ° C, for example, As the predetermined temperature Tblo, for example, −17 ° C., −15 ° C., −13 ° C., or the like can be used. In the embodiment, as the predetermined temperature Tblo, the freezing temperature of the electrolytic solution of the high voltage battery 36 (the upper limit of the temperature range in which there is a possibility of freezing) is used.

高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには、図３の通常時制御を実行して（ステップＳ１２０）、本ルーチンを終了し、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、図４および図５の極低温時制御を実行して（ステップＳ１３０）、本ルーチンを終了する。図３の通常時制御や図４および図５の極低温時制御では、外部充電が行なわれるように充電器４０を制御する充電制御を実行すると共に、必要に応じて、高電圧バッテリ３６が昇温されるようにヒータ５２を制御する昇温制御を実行する。以下、図３の通常時制御，図４および図５の極低温時制御の順に説明する。   When the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the normal time control of FIG. 3 is executed (step S120), this routine is terminated, and the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is the predetermined temperature. When it is less than Tblo, the cryogenic temperature control of FIGS. 4 and 5 is executed (step S130), and this routine is terminated. In the normal time control of FIG. 3 and the cryogenic temperature control of FIGS. 4 and 5, charge control for controlling the charger 40 is performed so that external charging is performed, and the high voltage battery 36 is increased as necessary. Temperature rise control is performed to control the heater 52 so that the temperature is raised. Hereinafter, the normal time control in FIG. 3 and the cryogenic temperature control in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described in this order.

図３の通常時制御では、電子制御ユニット６０は、まず、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔを所定温度Ｔｂｎｏと比較し（ステップＳ２００）、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときには、昇温制御の実行を開始し（ステップＳ２０２）、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上のときには、昇温制御を実行しない。昇温制御では、ヒータ５２のスイッチ５２ｂをオンとして発熱部材５２ａを通電によって発熱させることにより高電圧バッテリ３６を昇温する。なお、ヒータ５２の消費電力は、低電圧バッテリ５０からの電力や高電圧バッテリ３６からメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４を介して低電圧側電力ライン４８に供給される電力によって賄われる。このヒータ５２の消費電力の絶対値は、後述の第１定電力制御の際の充電器４０の出力電力の絶対値よりも小さい。   In the normal time control of FIG. 3, the electronic control unit 60 first compares the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 with the predetermined temperature Tbno (step S200), and the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is the predetermined temperature Tbno. When the temperature is less than the predetermined temperature Tbst, the temperature increase control is started (step S202). When the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tbno, the temperature increase control is not executed. In the temperature increase control, the switch 52b of the heater 52 is turned on to heat the heat generating member 52a by energization, whereby the temperature of the high voltage battery 36 is increased. The power consumption of the heater 52 is covered by power from the low voltage battery 50 or power supplied from the high voltage battery 36 to the low voltage side power line 48 via the main DC / DC converter 54. The absolute value of the power consumption of the heater 52 is smaller than the absolute value of the output power of the charger 40 in the first constant power control described later.

続いて、第１定電力制御を実行する（ステップＳ２１０）。第１定電力制御では、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ１で一定となるように充電器４０を制御する。所定電力Ｐｃｈ１は、外部電源９０の許容出力電力や高電圧バッテリ３６の許容入力電力などに基づいて定められ、例えば、２．５ｋＷや３．０ｋＷ，３．５ｋＷなどを用いることができる。なお、第１定電力制御の実行により、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂ（蓄電割合ＳＯＣ）が徐々に大きくなると共に高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂが徐々に小さくなる。   Subsequently, the first constant power control is executed (step S210). In the first constant power control, the charger 40 is controlled such that the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is constant at the predetermined power Pch1. The predetermined power Pch1 is determined based on the allowable output power of the external power supply 90, the allowable input power of the high voltage battery 36, and the like, and for example, 2.5 kW, 3.0 kW, 3.5 kW, or the like can be used. By executing the first constant power control, the voltage Vb (storage ratio SOC) of the high voltage battery 36 gradually increases and the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 gradually decreases.

続いて、電圧センサ３６ａからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂや温度センサ３６ｃからの高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂを入力し（ステップＳ２１２）、昇温制御の実行中で且つ高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ２１４）。そして、昇温制御の実行中で且つ高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上のときには、昇温制御の実行を終了し（ステップＳ２１６）、昇温制御の実行中でないときや昇温制御の実行中で且つ高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときには、ステップＳ２１６の処理を実行しない（昇温制御を実行していない状態または実行している状態を保持する）。   Subsequently, the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 from the voltage sensor 36a and the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 from the temperature sensor 36c are input (step S212). It is determined whether Tb is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature Tbno (step S214). When the temperature increase control is being executed and the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tbno, the temperature increase control is terminated (step S216). Is being executed and the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno, the process of step S216 is not executed (the temperature increase control is not being executed or is being executed).

そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを所定電圧Ｖｂ１と比較し（ステップＳ２１８）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１未満のときには、ステップＳ２１０に戻る。ここで、所定電圧Ｖｂ１は、第１低電力制御の実行を終了するか否かを判定するのに用いられる閾値であり、例えば、第１定電力制御の実行による高電圧バッテリ３６の満充電に相当する電圧Ｖｂなどを用いることができる。   Then, the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with the predetermined voltage Vb1 (step S218), and when the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is less than the predetermined voltage Vb1, the process returns to step S210. Here, the predetermined voltage Vb1 is a threshold value used to determine whether or not the execution of the first low power control is to be terminated. For example, the full voltage of the high voltage battery 36 by the execution of the first constant power control is used. A corresponding voltage Vb or the like can be used.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至るまで第１定電力制御を実行し、ステップＳ２１８で高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ると、昇温制御を実行中のときにはその実行を終了する（ステップＳ２２０，Ｓ２２２）。図３の通常時制御の実行時には、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上であるから、第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ったとき（第１定電力制御の実行を終了するとき）の高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂ（以下、「所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉ」という）も所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上であると考えられる。実施例では、第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ると、高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満でも、昇温制御を終了するのである。これにより、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行しても高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが上昇しにくいときに、ヒータ５２の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないもの比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。   Thus, the first constant power control is executed until the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or higher. When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or higher in step S218, the temperature increase control is being executed. In this case, the execution ends (steps S220 and S222). When the normal time control of FIG. 3 is executed, the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, so that the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage Vb1 during the execution of the first constant power control. The temperature Tb of the high-voltage battery 36 (hereinafter referred to as “predetermined temperature Tbti”) when it reaches (when the execution of the first constant power control is finished) is also considered to be equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo. In the embodiment, when the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or more during execution of the first constant power control, the temperature increase control is terminated even if the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno. To do. As a result, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 can be increased even when the temperature increase control is performed such as when the outside temperature is low, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is performed until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or higher. When it is difficult to rise, excessive power consumption of the heater 52 can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or more and the external charging is not terminated. be able to.

続いて、定電圧制御を実行する（ステップＳ２３０）。定電圧制御では、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１で一定となるように充電器４０を制御する。なお、定電圧制御の実行により、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂが徐々に小さくなり、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが徐々に小さくなる。   Subsequently, constant voltage control is executed (step S230). In the constant voltage control, the charger 40 is controlled so that the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is constant at the predetermined voltage Vb1. By executing the constant voltage control, the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 gradually decreases, and the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 gradually decreases.

そして、電圧センサ３６ａからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂと電流センサ３６ｂからの高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂとの積として演算された高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを入力し（ステップＳ２３２）、入力した高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを所定電力Ｐｃｈ１よりも小さい所定電力Ｐｃｈ２と比較し（ステップＳ２３４）、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２よりも大きいときには、ステップＳ２３０に戻る。ここで、所定電力Ｐｃｈ２は、例えば、６００Ｗや６５０Ｗ，７００Ｗなどを用いることができる。   Then, the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 calculated as the product of the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 from the voltage sensor 36a and the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 from the current sensor 36b is input (step S232). The input charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with the predetermined power Pch2 smaller than the predetermined power Pch1 (step S234). When the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is larger than the predetermined power Pch2, the process returns to step S230. Here, for example, 600 W, 650 W, 700 W, or the like can be used as the predetermined power Pch2.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２以下に至るまで定電圧制御を実行し、ステップＳ２３４で高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２以下に至ると、第２定電力制御を実行する（ステップＳ２４０）。第２定電力制御では、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２で一定となるように充電器４０を制御する。なお、第２定電力制御の実行により、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂ（蓄電割合ＳＯＣ）が徐々に大きくなると共に高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂが徐々に小さくなる。   Thus, the constant voltage control is executed until the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or lower than the predetermined power Pch2. When the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or lower than the predetermined power Pch2 in step S234, the second constant power control is performed. Execute (Step S240). In the second constant power control, the charger 40 is controlled such that the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is constant at the predetermined power Pch2. By executing the second constant power control, the voltage Vb (storage ratio SOC) of the high voltage battery 36 gradually increases and the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 gradually decreases.

続いて、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを入力し（ステップＳ２４２）、入力した高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを所定電圧Ｖｂ１よりも大きい所定電圧Ｖｂ２と比較し（ステップＳ２４４）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２未満のときには、ステップＳ２４０に戻る。ここで、所定電圧Ｖｂ２は、第２定電力制御の実行を終了して外部充電を終了するか否かを判定するのに用いられる閾値であり、例えば、第２定電力制御の実行による高電圧バッテリ３６の満充電に相当する電圧Ｖｂなどを用いることができる。   Subsequently, the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is input (step S242), and the input voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with a predetermined voltage Vb2 that is higher than the predetermined voltage Vb1 (step S244). When the voltage Vb is less than the predetermined voltage Vb2, the process returns to step S240. Here, the predetermined voltage Vb2 is a threshold value used to determine whether or not the second constant power control is finished and the external charging is finished. For example, the predetermined voltage Vb2 is a high voltage generated by the second constant power control. A voltage Vb corresponding to the full charge of the battery 36 can be used.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２以上に至るまで第２定電力制御を実行し、ステップＳ２４４で高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２以上に至ると、外部充電が完了したと判定し、本ルーチンを終了する。通常時制御では、第１定電力制御の実行後で第２定電力制御の実行前に定電圧制御を実行するから、第１定電力制御から第２定電力制御に移行する際に、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを滑らかに変化させることができる。   Thus, the second constant power control is executed until the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb2 or more. When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb2 or more in step S244, the external charging is completed. This routine is terminated. In the normal time control, the constant voltage control is executed after the execution of the first constant power control and before the execution of the second constant power control. Therefore, when the first constant power control is shifted to the second constant power control, the high voltage is controlled. The charging power Pch of the battery 36 can be changed smoothly.

次に、図４および図５の極低温時制御について説明する。この極低温時制御は、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ（＜Ｔｂｎｏ）未満のときに実行されるから、電子制御ユニット６０は、まず、昇温制御の実行を開始する（ステップＳ３００）。   Next, the cryogenic temperature control of FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described. Since the control at the extremely low temperature is executed when the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo (<Tbno), the electronic control unit 60 first starts executing the temperature increase control ( Step S300).

続いて、図３の通常時制御のステップＳ２１０〜Ｓ２１８と同様に、第１定電力制御を実行し（ステップＳ３１０）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂや温度Ｔｂを入力し（ステップＳ３１２）、昇温制御の実行を終了したり昇温制御を実行していない状態または実行している状態を保持したりし（ステップＳ３１４，Ｓ３１６）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを所定電圧Ｖｂ１と比較する（ステップＳ３１８）。そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１未満のときには、ステップＳ３１０に戻る。なお、いま、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときを考えているから、第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏよりも高い所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至る可能性は低いと考えられる。   Subsequently, the first constant power control is executed (step S310), and the voltage Vb and the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 are input (step S312), as in steps S210 to S218 of the normal control in FIG. The execution of the temperature control is ended, the state where the temperature increase control is not executed or the state where it is executed is maintained (steps S314 and S316), and the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with the predetermined voltage Vb1 ( Step S318). When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is less than the predetermined voltage Vb1, the process returns to step S310. Note that now, since the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is considered to be lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo during execution of the first constant power control. The possibility of reaching the temperature Tbno or higher is considered to be low.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至るまで第１定電力制御を実行し、ステップＳ３１８で高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ると、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂを入力し（ステップＳ３２０）、入力した高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂを所定温度Ｔｂｌｏと比較する（ステップＳ３２２）。上述したように、第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ったとき（第１定電力制御の実行を終了するとき）の高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂを「所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉ」という。   Thus, the first constant power control is executed until the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or higher. When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or higher in step S318, the temperature of the high voltage battery 36 is increased. Tb is input (step S320), and the input temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with a predetermined temperature Tblo (step S322). As described above, the temperature of the high voltage battery 36 when the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches or exceeds the predetermined voltage Vb1 during the execution of the first constant power control (when the execution of the first constant power control is finished). Tb is referred to as “predetermined temperature Tbti”.

ステップＳ３２２で高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂ（所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉ）が所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには、昇温制御を実行中のときにはその実行を終了する（ステップＳ３５０，Ｓ３５２）。これにより、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行しても高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが上昇しにくいときに、ヒータ５２の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないもの比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。   When the temperature Tb (predetermined temperature Tbti) of the high-voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo in step S322, the execution is terminated when the temperature raising control is being executed (steps S350 and S352). As a result, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 can be increased even when the temperature increase control is performed such as when the outside temperature is low, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is performed until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or higher. When it is difficult to rise, excessive power consumption of the heater 52 can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or more and the external charging is not terminated. be able to.

次に、図３の通常時制御のステップＳ２３０〜Ｓ２３４と同様に、定電圧制御を実行し（ステップＳ３６０）、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを入力し（ステップＳ３６２）、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを所定電力Ｐｃｈ２（＜Ｐｃｈ１）と比較する（ステップＳ３６８）。そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２よりも大きいときには、ステップＳ３６０に戻る。   Next, as in steps S230 to S234 of the normal control in FIG. 3, constant voltage control is executed (step S360), the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is input (step S362), and the high voltage battery 36 Charging power Pch is compared with predetermined power Pch2 (<Pch1) (step S368). When the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 is larger than the predetermined power Pch2, the process returns to step S360.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２以下に至るまで定電圧制御を実行し、ステップＳ３６８で高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈが所定電力Ｐｃｈ２以下に至ると、図３の通常時制御のステップＳ２４０〜Ｓ２４４と同様に、第２定電力制御を実行し（ステップＳ３７０）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを入力し（ステップＳ３７２）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂを所定電圧Ｖｂ２と比較する（ステップＳ３７８）。そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２未満のときには、ステップＳ２４０に戻る。   Thus, the constant voltage control is executed until the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined power Pch2 or less. When the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined power Pch2 or less in step S368, the normal time control of FIG. As in steps S240 to S244, the second constant power control is executed (step S370), the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is input (step S372), and the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with the predetermined voltage Vb2. (Step S378). When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is less than the predetermined voltage Vb2, the process returns to step S240.

こうして高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２以上に至るまで第２定電力制御を実行し、ステップＳ３７８で高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２以上に至ると、外部充電が完了したと判定し、本ルーチンを終了する。極低温時制御でも、通常時制御と同様に、第１定電力制御の実行後で第２定電力制御の実行前に定電圧制御を実行するから、第１定電力制御から第２定電力制御に移行する際に、高電圧バッテリ３６の充電電力Ｐｃｈを滑らかに変化させることができる。   Thus, the second constant power control is executed until the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb2 or higher. When the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb2 or higher in step S378, the external charging is completed. This routine is terminated. Even in the control at the cryogenic temperature, the constant voltage control is executed after the execution of the first constant power control and before the execution of the second constant power control, as in the normal control. When shifting to, the charging power Pch of the high voltage battery 36 can be changed smoothly.

ステップＳ３２２で高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂ（所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉ）が所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、昇温制御の実行を継続すると共に、充電器４０を間欠駆動し（ステップＳ３３０〜Ｓ３４６）、その後に、ステップＳ３２２で高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上に至ると、ステップＳ３５０以降の処理を実行する。即ち、高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御を実行するのである。これにより、高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結の防止や解消を図ることができる。以下、充電器４０の間欠駆動について説明する。   When the temperature Tb (predetermined temperature Tbti) of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo in step S322, the temperature increase control is continued and the charger 40 is intermittently driven (steps S330 to S346). When the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches or exceeds the predetermined temperature Tblo in step S322, the processing after step S350 is executed. That is, when the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature increase control is executed until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tblo or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent or eliminate freezing of the electrolyte solution of the high voltage battery 36. Hereinafter, intermittent driving of the charger 40 will be described.

充電器４０を間欠駆動する際には、まず、初回（第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至った直後）であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ３３０）。そして、初回であるときには、充電器４０の駆動を中断（停止）し（ステップＳ３４２）、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂ（高電圧バッテリ３６を充電するときが正の値）の積算値としての電流量Ｉｓｕｍを、値０にリセットした後に積算を開始する（ステップＳ３４４）。充電器４０の駆動を中断すると、充電器４０の出力が値０となる（充電器４０からサブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５６を介して低電圧側電力ライン４８に供給される電力も値０となる）から、ヒータ５２の消費電力を賄うために、高電圧バッテリ３６からメインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ５４を介して低電圧側電力ライン４８に電力が供給される。即ち、充電器４０の駆動の中断の継続に従って、電流量Ｉｓｕｍが負側に大きくなる。   When intermittently driving the charger 40, first, it is determined whether or not it is the first time (immediately after the voltage Vb of the high-voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or more during the execution of the first constant power control) ( Step S330). When it is the first time, the driving of the charger 40 is interrupted (stopped) (step S342), and the current as an integrated value of the current Ib of the high voltage battery 36 (a positive value when the high voltage battery 36 is charged). Integration is started after resetting the amount Isum to the value 0 (step S344). When driving of the charger 40 is interrupted, the output of the charger 40 becomes 0 (the power supplied from the charger 40 to the low voltage side power line 48 via the sub DC / DC converter 56 also becomes 0). Therefore, in order to cover the power consumption of the heater 52, power is supplied from the high voltage battery 36 to the low voltage side power line 48 via the main DC / DC converter 54. That is, the current amount Isum increases to the negative side as the driving of the charger 40 continues.

ステップＳ３３０で初回でないと判定されたときには、充電器４０を駆動しているか否かを判定し（ステップＳ３３２）、充電器４０を駆動していない（駆動を中断している）と判定されたときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍを負の閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ１と比較する（ステップＳ３３４）。そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍが閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ１よりも大きい（絶対値としては小さい）ときには、充電器４０の状態を保持して（ステップＳ３４６）、ステップＳ３２０に戻る。この場合、充電器４０の駆動の中断を継続することになる。一方、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍが閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ１以下のときには、充電器４０の駆動を再開し（ステップＳ３３６）、電流量Ｉｓｕｍを、値０にリセットした後に積算を開始して（ステップＳ３３８）、ステップＳ３２０に戻る。充電器４０を駆動する際には、例えば、上述の第１定電力制御と同様に行なうものとした。このように、閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ１は、充電器４０の駆動の中断を継続するか駆動を再開するかを判定するのに用いられる閾値である。   When it is determined in step S330 that it is not the first time, it is determined whether or not the charger 40 is being driven (step S332), and when it is determined that the charger 40 is not being driven (the driving is interrupted). The current amount Isum of the high-voltage battery 36 is compared with the negative threshold value Isumref1 (step S334). When the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36 is larger than the threshold value Isumref1 (small in absolute value), the state of the charger 40 is maintained (step S346), and the process returns to step S320. In this case, the driving of the charger 40 is continuously interrupted. On the other hand, when the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or less than the threshold value Isumref1, the driving of the charger 40 is resumed (step S336), and the integration is started after the current amount Isum is reset to the value 0 (step S338). Return to step S320. When the charger 40 is driven, for example, the same operation as the first constant power control described above is performed. As described above, the threshold value Isumref1 is a threshold value used to determine whether to continue or stop driving the charger 40.

ステップＳ３３２で充電器４０を駆動していると判定されたときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍを正の閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ２と比較する（ステップＳ３４０）。そして、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍが閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ２よりも小さいときには、充電器４０の状態を保持して（ステップＳ３４６）、ステップＳ３２０に戻る。この場合、充電器４０の駆動の中断を継続することになる。一方、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍが閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ２以上のときには、充電器４０の駆動を中断し（ステップＳ３４２）、電流量Ｉｓｕｍを、値０にリセットした後に積算を開始して（ステップＳ３４４）、ステップＳ３２０に戻る。このように、閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ２は、充電器４０の駆動を継続するか駆動を中断するかを判定するのに用いられる閾値である。なお、閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ２は、高電圧バッテリ３６の過電圧や過充電を抑制するために、閾値Ｉｓｕｍｒｅｆ１と絶対値が同一で符号を反転させた値を用いるものとした。   When it is determined in step S332 that the charger 40 is being driven, the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36 is compared with the positive threshold value Isumref2 (step S340). When the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36 is smaller than the threshold value Isumref2, the state of the charger 40 is maintained (step S346), and the process returns to step S320. In this case, the driving of the charger 40 is continuously interrupted. On the other hand, when the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or larger than the threshold value Isumref2, the driving of the charger 40 is interrupted (step S342), and the integration is started after the current amount Isum is reset to the value 0 (step S344). Return to step S320. As described above, the threshold value Isumref2 is a threshold value used to determine whether to continue or stop driving the charger 40. The threshold value Isumref2 is a value whose absolute value is the same as that of the threshold value Isumref1 and whose sign is inverted in order to suppress overvoltage and overcharge of the high voltage battery 36.

実施例では、このようにして充電器４０を間欠駆動するのである。充電器４０を間欠駆動することにより、充電器４０を継続駆動するものに比して充電器４０を駆動する際の出力を大きくすることができる。これにより、充電器４０の効率を良好なものとすることができる。   In the embodiment, the charger 40 is intermittently driven in this manner. By driving the charger 40 intermittently, the output when driving the charger 40 can be increased as compared with the case where the charger 40 is continuously driven. Thereby, the efficiency of the charger 40 can be made favorable.

図６は、外部充電を行なう際の高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂや蓄電割合ＳＯＣ、充電電力Ｐｃｈ，温度Ｔｂ，昇温制御の実行の有無の様子の一例を示す説明図である。図中、「ケースＡ」は、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときの様子を示し、「ケースＢ」は、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満で所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときの様子を示し、「ケースＣ」は、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔおよび所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが共に所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときの様子を示す。ケースＡ，Ｂについては一点鎖線で示し、ケースＣについては実線で示す。   FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the voltage Vb of the high-voltage battery 36, the storage ratio SOC, the charging power Pch, the temperature Tb, and whether or not the temperature raising control is performed when external charging is performed. In the figure, “Case A” shows the state when the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, and “Case B” shows that the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo. The case C shows the state when the predetermined temperature Tbti is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, and “Case C” shows the state when both the start temperature Tbst and the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 are lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo. Cases A and B are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines, and case C is indicated by a solid line.

ケースＡ，Ｂ，Ｃの何れでも、第１定電力制御を実行しているときにおいて（時刻ｔ１〜ｔ２）、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときには、昇温制御を実行する。そして、ケースＡ，Ｂでは、時刻ｔ２にバッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至ったときに、高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上であるから、昇温制御を終了し、定電圧制御，第２定電力制御を実行して外部充電を終了する。また、ケースＣでは、時刻ｔ２に高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満であるから、充電器４０を間欠駆動しながら昇温制御の実行を継続し、時刻ｔ３に高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上に至ると、昇温制御を終了し、定電圧制御，第２定電力制御を実行して外部充電を終了する。これにより、ケースＡ，Ｂ，Ｃの何れでも、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行しても高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが上昇しにくいときに、ヒータ５２の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないものに比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。さらに、ケースＣの場合、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御を実行するから、高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結の防止や解消を図ることができる。加えて、ケースＣの場合、充電器４０を間欠駆動することにより、充電器４０を継続して駆動するものに比して充電器４０の効率を良好なものとすることができる。   In any of cases A, B, and C, when the first constant power control is executed (time t1 to t2), the temperature increase control is executed when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno. . In cases A and B, when the voltage Vb of the battery 36 reaches or exceeds the predetermined voltage Vb1 at time t2, the temperature control is terminated because the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo. Then, the constant voltage control and the second constant power control are executed to finish the external charging. In case C, since the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo at time t2, the temperature increase control is continuously performed while the charger 40 is intermittently driven, and the high voltage battery is detected at time t3. When the temperature Tb of 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tblo or more, the temperature rise control is terminated, the constant voltage control and the second constant power control are executed, and the external charging is terminated. As a result, in any of cases A, B, and C, the temperature rise control is executed such that the outside temperature is lower than that in which the temperature rise control is performed until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or higher. Even when the temperature Tb of the high-voltage battery 36 is difficult to rise, excessive power consumption of the heater 52 can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or more and the external charging is not terminated. can do. Further, in the case C, the temperature rise control is executed until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches a predetermined temperature Tblo or higher, so that the electrolytic solution of the high voltage battery 36 can be prevented from being frozen or eliminated. In addition, in the case C, the efficiency of the charger 40 can be improved by intermittently driving the charger 40 as compared with the case where the charger 40 is continuously driven.

以上説明した実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ（高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結温度に基づいて定められる温度）未満での充電制御（極低温時制御）の実行時において、第１定電力制御の実行終了後（第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至った後）に、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには昇温制御を実行し、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには昇温制御を実行しない。したがって、第１定電力制御の実行終了後に高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、昇温制御を実行するから、高電圧バッテリ３６を昇温して高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結の防止や解消を図りつつ、外部充電を行なうことができる。また、第１定電力制御の実行終了後に高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには、昇温制御を実行しないから、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときに（所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上でも）昇温制御を実行するものに比して、外気温が低いなど昇温制御を実行しても高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが上昇しにくいときに、ヒータ５２の余分な電力消費を抑制することができる。また、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ以上に至るまで昇温制御の実行を継続して外部充電を終了しないもの比して、外部充電の終了までの時間が長くなるのを抑制することができる。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment described above, charging control (extremely low temperature) when the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than a predetermined temperature Tblo (temperature determined based on the freezing temperature of the electrolyte of the high voltage battery 36). When the first constant power control is executed (after the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches or exceeds the predetermined voltage Vb1 during the execution of the first constant power control), the high voltage battery 36 is When the temperature Tb is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature increase control is executed. When the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature increase control is not executed. Accordingly, when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo after the execution of the first constant power control, the temperature raising control is executed. Therefore, the temperature of the high voltage battery 36 is raised to increase the electrolyte of the high voltage battery 36. External charging can be performed while preventing or eliminating freezing. Further, when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo after the execution of the first constant power control, the temperature increase control is not executed, and therefore when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno ( When the temperature Tb of the high-voltage battery 36 is difficult to rise even if the temperature increase control is executed, such as when the outside air temperature is low, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is executed (even if the temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo) Power consumption can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the time until the end of the external charging from becoming longer, as compared with the case where the temperature increase control is continued until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tbno or more and the external charging is not terminated. be able to.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、所定温度Ｔｂｌｏは、高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結温度（凍結する可能性のある温度範囲の上限）を用いるものとしたが、所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満の温度であれば、高電圧バッテリ３６の電解液の凍結温度よりも若干高い温度を用いるものとしてもよい。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, the predetermined temperature Tblo uses the freezing temperature of the electrolyte solution of the high-voltage battery 36 (the upper limit of the temperature range in which freezing is possible), but may be a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno. For example, a temperature slightly higher than the freezing temperature of the electrolytic solution of the high voltage battery 36 may be used.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔと所定温度ｔｂｌｏとの大小関係に拘わらずに、第１定電力制御を、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至るまで実行するものとしたが、高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣが所定割合ＳＯＣ１以上に至るまで実行するものとしてもよい。ここで、所定割合ＳＯＣ１は、例えば、第１定電力制御の実行による高電圧バッテリ３６の満充電に相当する蓄電割合ＳＯＣなどを用いることができる。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 and the predetermined temperature tblo, the first constant power control is performed so that the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage Vb1. However, it may be executed until the storage rate SOC of the high-voltage battery 36 reaches a predetermined rate SOC1 or more. Here, as the predetermined ratio SOC1, for example, a storage ratio SOC corresponding to full charge of the high voltage battery 36 by the execution of the first constant power control can be used.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔと所定温度ｔｂｌｏとの大小関係に拘わらずに、第２定電力制御を、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ２以上に至るまで実行するものとしたが、高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣが所定割合ＳＯＣ２以上に至るまで実行するものとしてもよい。ここで、所定割合ＳＯＣ２は、例えば、第２定電力制御の実行による高電圧バッテリ３６の満充電に相当する蓄電割合ＳＯＣなどを用いることができる。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 and the predetermined temperature tblo, the second constant power control is performed so that the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage Vb2. However, it may be executed until the storage rate SOC of the high-voltage battery 36 reaches a predetermined rate SOC2 or more. Here, as the predetermined ratio SOC2, for example, a storage ratio SOC corresponding to full charge of the high voltage battery 36 by execution of the second constant power control can be used.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔと所定温度Ｔｂｌｏとの大小関係に拘わらずに、第１定電力制御の実行中には、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行し、第１定電力制御の実行終了後（第１定電力制御の実行中に高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１以上に至った後）には、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行するものとした。しかし、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには、第１定電力制御の実行中か実行終了後かに拘わらずに、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行するものとしてもよい。また、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、第１定電力制御の実行中か実行終了後かに拘わらずに、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行するものとしてもよい。   In the electric vehicle 20 according to the embodiment, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is predetermined during execution of the first constant power control regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 and the predetermined temperature Tblo. The temperature increase control is executed when the temperature is lower than Tbno, and after the execution of the first constant power control is finished (after the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined voltage Vb1 or more during the execution of the first constant power control). The temperature increase control is executed when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo. However, when the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is less than the predetermined temperature Tbno regardless of whether the first constant power control is being executed or after the execution is completed. Sometimes, the temperature raising control may be executed. When the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo regardless of whether the first constant power control is being executed or after the execution is completed. Sometimes, the temperature raising control may be executed.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍに基づいて充電器４０を間欠駆動するものとしたが、高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣと電圧Ｖｂとのうちの何れかに基づいて充電器４０を間欠駆動するものとしてもよい。高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣに基づいて充電器４０を間欠駆動する場合、例えば、充電器４０を駆動していない（駆動を中断している）ときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣが上述の所定割合ＳＯＣ１よりもある程度小さい所定割合ＳＯＣ３以下に至ったときに充電器４０の駆動を再開し、充電器４０を駆動しているときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の蓄電割合ＳＯＣが所定割合ＳＯＣ３よりも大きく且つ所定割合ＳＯＣ１以下の所定割合ＳＯＣ４以上に至ったときに充電器４０の駆動を中断すればよい。高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂに基づいて充電器４０を間欠駆動する場合、例えば、充電器４０を駆動していないときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ１よりもある程度小さい所定電圧Ｖｂ３以下に至ったときに充電器４０の駆動を再開し、充電器４０を駆動しているときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂが所定電圧Ｖｂ３よりも大きく且つ所定電圧Ｖｂ１以下の所定電圧Ｖｂ４以上に至ったときに充電器４０の駆動を中断すればよい。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, when the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the charger 40 is intermittently driven based on the current amount Isum of the high voltage battery 36. The charger 40 may be intermittently driven based on either the storage ratio SOC of the battery 36 or the voltage Vb. When the charger 40 is intermittently driven based on the storage rate SOC of the high-voltage battery 36, for example, when the charger 40 is not driven (driving is interrupted), the storage rate SOC of the high-voltage battery 36 is the above-described value. The driving of the charger 40 is resumed when the predetermined rate SOC3 is somewhat smaller than the predetermined rate SOC1, and when the charger 40 is being driven, the storage rate SOC of the high voltage battery 36 is higher than the predetermined rate SOC3. What is necessary is just to interrupt the drive of the charger 40, when it becomes large and reaches more than predetermined ratio SOC4 below predetermined ratio SOC1. When the charger 40 is intermittently driven based on the voltage Vb of the high-voltage battery 36, for example, when the charger 40 is not driven, the voltage Vb of the high-voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined voltage Vb3 that is somewhat smaller than the predetermined voltage Vb1. When the battery charger 40 is driven, the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches a predetermined voltage Vb4 that is greater than the predetermined voltage Vb3 and less than or equal to the predetermined voltage Vb1. The driving of the charger 40 may be interrupted.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の所定時温度Ｔｂｔｉが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上に至るまで、充電器４０を間欠駆動するものとしたが、充電器４０を継続駆動するものとしてもよい。なお、充電器４０を継続駆動するときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の過電圧や過充電を抑制するために、充電器４０の出力電力の絶対値がヒータ５２の消費電力の絶対値以下となるように充電器４０を継続駆動する必要がある。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, when the predetermined temperature Tbti of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the charger 40 is intermittently driven until the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 reaches the predetermined temperature Tblo or more. However, the charger 40 may be continuously driven. When the charger 40 is continuously driven, charging is performed so that the absolute value of the output power of the charger 40 is equal to or less than the absolute value of the power consumption of the heater 52 in order to suppress overvoltage and overcharge of the high voltage battery 36. The device 40 needs to be continuously driven.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔと所定温度ｔｂｌｏとの大小関係に拘わらずに、第１定電力制御の実行後で第２定電力制御の実行前に、定電圧制御を実行するものとしたが、この定電圧制御を実行しないものとしてもよい。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 and the predetermined temperature tblo, the constant voltage control is performed after the first constant power control and before the second constant power control. Although the voltage control is executed, the constant voltage control may not be executed.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔと所定温度ｔｂｌｏとの大小関係に拘わらずに、第１定電力制御，定電圧制御，第２定電力制御を順に実行するものとしたが、第１定電力制御だけを実行して定電圧制御や第２定電力制御を実行しないものとするなど、外部充電が行なわれるように充電器４０を制御するものであれば如何なるものとしても構わない。この場合において、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ以上のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｎｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行し、高電圧バッテリ３６の開始時温度Ｔｂｓｔが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときに昇温制御を実行するものとしてもよい。また、この場合において、高電圧バッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂが所定温度Ｔｂｌｏ未満のときには、高電圧バッテリ３６の電流量Ｉｓｕｍと蓄電割合ＳＯＣと電圧Ｖｂとのうちの何れかに基づいて充電器４０を間欠駆動するものとしてもよい。   In the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, the first constant power control, the constant voltage control, and the second constant power control are sequentially executed regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 and the predetermined temperature tblo. However, as long as the charger 40 is controlled so that external charging is performed, such as executing only the first constant power control and not performing the constant voltage control or the second constant power control, any It does not matter. In this case, when the start temperature Tbst of the high voltage battery 36 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature increase control is executed when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tbno, and the start time of the high voltage battery 36 is reached. When the temperature Tbst is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the temperature increase control may be executed when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo. In this case, when the temperature Tb of the high voltage battery 36 is lower than the predetermined temperature Tblo, the charger 40 is intermittently set based on any of the current amount Isum, the storage rate SOC, and the voltage Vb of the high voltage battery 36. It may be driven.

実施例の電気自動車２０では、車両側コネクタ４２と電源側コネクタ９２とが接続されているときに外部電源９０からの電力を用いて高電圧バッテリ３６を充電する充電器４０を備えるものとした。しかし、この充電器４０に加えてまたは代えて、外部電源９０からの電力を非接触で受電して高電圧バッテリ３６を充電する充電器を備えるものとしてもよい。   The electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment includes the charger 40 that charges the high-voltage battery 36 using the power from the external power source 90 when the vehicle-side connector 42 and the power-side connector 92 are connected. However, in addition to or instead of the charger 40, a charger that receives power from the external power supply 90 in a non-contact manner and charges the high-voltage battery 36 may be provided.

実施例では、走行用のモータ３２を備える電気自動車２０の構成としたが、走行用のモータに加えて走行用のエンジンも備えるハイブリッド自動車の構成としてもよい。例えば、図７のハイブリッド自動車１２０に示すように、駆動輪２２ａ，２２ｂに連結された駆動軸２６にモータ３２を接続するのに加えて、駆動軸２６にプラネタリギヤ１２４を介してエンジン１２２およびモータ１２６を接続する構成としてもよい。また、図８のハイブリッド自動車２２０に示すように、駆動輪２２ａ，２２ｂに連結された駆動軸２６に変速機２３０を介してモータ３２を接続すると共に、モータ３２の回転軸にクラッチ２２４を介してエンジン２２２を接続する構成としてもよい。   In the embodiment, the configuration of the electric vehicle 20 including the traveling motor 32 is adopted. However, a configuration of a hybrid vehicle including a traveling engine in addition to the traveling motor may be employed. For example, as shown in the hybrid vehicle 120 of FIG. 7, in addition to connecting the motor 32 to the drive shaft 26 coupled to the drive wheels 22a and 22b, the engine 122 and the motor 126 are connected to the drive shaft 26 via the planetary gear 124. It is good also as a structure which connects. Further, as shown in the hybrid vehicle 220 of FIG. 8, the motor 32 is connected to the drive shaft 26 connected to the drive wheels 22 a and 22 b via the transmission 230, and the rotation shaft of the motor 32 is connected to the rotation shaft via the clutch 224. The engine 222 may be connected.

実施例の主要な要素と課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明の主要な要素との対応関係について説明する。実施例では、高電圧バッテリ３６が「バッテリ」に相当し、充電器４０が「充電器」に相当し、ヒータ５２が「昇温装置」に相当し、電子制御ユニット６０が「制御装置」に相当する。   The correspondence between the main elements of the embodiment and the main elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems will be described. In the embodiment, the high voltage battery 36 corresponds to a “battery”, the charger 40 corresponds to a “charger”, the heater 52 corresponds to a “temperature raising device”, and the electronic control unit 60 corresponds to a “control device”. Equivalent to.

なお、実施例の主要な要素と課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明の主要な要素との対応関係は、実施例が課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明を実施するための形態を具体的に説明するための一例であることから、課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明の要素を限定するものではない。即ち、課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明についての解釈はその欄の記載に基づいて行なわれるべきものであり、実施例は課題を解決するための手段の欄に記載した発明の具体的な一例に過ぎないものである。   The correspondence between the main elements of the embodiment and the main elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problem is the same as that of the embodiment described in the column of means for solving the problem. Therefore, the elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems are not limited. In other words, the interpretation of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problem should be made based on the description of the column, and the examples are those of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problem. It is only a specific example.

以上、本発明を実施するための形態について実施例を用いて説明したが、本発明はこうした実施例に何等限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、種々なる形態で実施し得ることは勿論である。   As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated using the Example, this invention is not limited at all to such an Example, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it is with various forms. Of course, it can be implemented.

本発明は、自動車の製造産業などに利用可能である。   The present invention can be used in the automobile manufacturing industry.

２０ 電気自動車、２２ａ，２２ｂ 駆動輪、２４ デファレンシャルギヤ、２６ 駆動軸、３２，１２６ モータ、３４ ＰＣＵ、３６ 高電圧バッテリ、３６ａ 電圧センサ、３６ｂ 電流センサ、３６ｃ 温度センサ、４０ 充電器、４２ 車両側コネクタ、４３ 接続検出センサ、４６ 高電圧側電力ライン、４８ 低電圧側電力ライン、５０ 低電圧バッテリ、５２ ヒータ、５２ａ 発熱部材、５２ｂ スイッチ、５４ メインＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、５６ サブＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、６０ 電子制御ユニット、９０ 外部電源、９２ 電源側コネクタ、１２０，２２０ ハイブリッド自動車、１２２，２２２ エンジン、１２４ プラネタリギヤ、２２４ クラッチ、２３０ 変速機、ＣＨＲ 充電用リレー、ＳＭＲ システムメインリレー。  20 electric vehicle, 22a, 22b drive wheel, 24 differential gear, 26 drive shaft, 32, 126 motor, 34 PCU, 36 high voltage battery, 36a voltage sensor, 36b current sensor, 36c temperature sensor, 40 charger, 42 vehicle side Connector, 43 Connection detection sensor, 46 High voltage side power line, 48 Low voltage side power line, 50 Low voltage battery, 52 Heater, 52a Heating member, 52b Switch, 54 Main DC / DC converter, 56 Sub DC / DC converter, 60 Electronic control unit, 90 External power supply, 92 Power supply side connector, 120, 220 Hybrid vehicle, 122, 222 Engine, 124 Planetary gear, 224 Clutch, 230 Transmission, CHR charging relay, SMR system main relay.

Claims (4)

走行用のモータに電力を供給するバッテリと、
外部電源からの電力を用いて前記バッテリを充電する外部充電が可能な充電器と、
前記バッテリが接続された電力ラインに接続されると共に前記バッテリを昇温する昇温装置と、
前記充電器と前記昇温装置とを制御する制御装置と、
を備える自動車であって、
前記制御装置は、前記外部充電が行なわれるように前記充電器を制御する充電制御の実行時において、前記バッテリの温度が第１所定温度よりも低い第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記バッテリが昇温されるように前記昇温装置を制御する昇温制御を実行し、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上の場合には、前記昇温制御を実行せず、
前記第１所定温度は、前記バッテリの第１昇温目標温度であり、
前記第２所定温度は、前記バッテリの第２昇温目標温度で且つ前記バッテリの電解液の凍結温度であり、
前記制御装置は、
前記外部充電の開始時の前記バッテリの温度である開始時温度が前記第２所定温度以上の場合には、前記充電制御として、まず、前記バッテリの充電電力が第１所定電力で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する第１定電力制御を実行し、前記第１定電力制御の実行中に前記バッテリの蓄電割合または電圧が第１閾値以上に至った第１条件が成立すると、前記バッテリの充電電力が前記第１所定電力よりも小さい第２所定電力で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する第２定電力制御を実行し、前記第２定電力制御の実行中に前記バッテリの蓄電割合または電圧が前記第１閾値よりも大きい第２閾値以上に至った第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了し、
前記開始時温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記充電制御として、まず、前記第１定電力制御を実行し、前記第１条件が成立すると、前記第１条件が成立したときの前記バッテリの温度である所定時温度が前記第２所定温度以上のときには前記第２定電力制御を実行して前記第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了し、前記所定時温度が前記第２所定温度未満のときには前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上に至った後に前記第２定電力制御を実行して前記第２条件が成立すると前記充電制御を終了する、
自動車。 A battery for supplying power to the motor for traveling;
A charger capable of external charging that charges the battery using power from an external power source; and
A temperature raising device connected to the power line to which the battery is connected and raising the temperature of the battery;
A control device for controlling the charger and the temperature raising device;
A car equipped with
When the temperature of the battery is lower than a second predetermined temperature lower than a first predetermined temperature during execution of charging control for controlling the charger so that the external charging is performed, the control device When the temperature of the battery is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the temperature increase control is not performed .
The first predetermined temperature is a first temperature increase target temperature of the battery,
The second predetermined temperature is a second temperature increase target temperature of the battery and a freezing temperature of the electrolyte of the battery,
The controller is
When the starting temperature, which is the temperature of the battery at the start of the external charging, is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, as the charging control, first, the charging power of the battery is made constant at the first predetermined power. The first constant power control for controlling the charger is performed, and when the first condition that the storage ratio or voltage of the battery reaches a first threshold value or more is satisfied during the execution of the first constant power control, the battery The second constant power control for controlling the charger is performed so that the charging power of the battery is constant at a second predetermined power smaller than the first predetermined power, and the battery is controlled during the execution of the second constant power control. When the second condition in which the storage ratio or voltage reaches a second threshold value greater than the first threshold value is satisfied, the charging control is terminated,
When the starting temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, as the charging control, first, the first constant power control is executed, and when the first condition is satisfied, the first condition is satisfied. When the predetermined temperature, which is the temperature of the battery, is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature, the second constant power control is executed, and when the second condition is satisfied, the charge control is terminated, and the predetermined temperature is the second temperature. When the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, the second constant power control is executed after the temperature of the battery reaches the second predetermined temperature or higher, and the charging control is terminated when the second condition is satisfied.
Automobile. 請求項１記載の自動車であって、
前記制御装置は、前記開始時温度と前記第２所定温度との大小関係に拘わらずに、前記第１定電力制御の実行中には前記バッテリの温度が前記第１所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行し、前記第１条件が成立した後には前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度未満のときに前記昇温制御を実行する、
自動車。 The automobile according to claim 1 ,
Regardless of the magnitude relationship between the starting temperature and the second predetermined temperature, the control device is configured to execute the first constant power control when the battery temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature. Performing temperature rise control and executing the temperature rise control when the temperature of the battery is lower than the second predetermined temperature after the first condition is satisfied,
Automobile. 請求項２記載の自動車であって、
前記制御装置は、前記所定時温度が前記第２所定温度未満の場合には、前記バッテリの温度が前記第２所定温度以上に至るまで、前記充電制御として、前記バッテリの蓄電割合と電圧と充放電電流量とのうちの何れかに基づいて前記充電器を間欠駆動する、
自動車。 The automobile according to claim 2 ,
When the temperature at the predetermined time is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control device performs charge control until the battery temperature reaches the second predetermined temperature or more as the charge ratio and voltage and charge of the battery. Intermittently driving the charger based on any of the discharge current amount,
Automobile. 請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つの請求項に記載の自動車であって、
前記制御装置は、前記第１定電力制御の実行後で且つ前記第２定電力制御の実行前に、前記バッテリの電圧が所定電圧で一定となるように前記充電器を制御する定電圧制御を実行する、
自動車。



The automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The control device performs constant voltage control for controlling the charger so that the voltage of the battery becomes constant at a predetermined voltage after execution of the first constant power control and before execution of the second constant power control. Run,
Automobile.



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